Difference between revisions of "Browning (7.7 mm)"
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The original main aircraft-mounted machine gun for Britain was the [[Vickers (7.7 mm)|Vickers]], a World War I design that was mostly unchanged from the guns used by the British Army Machine Gun Corps. In the inter-war period, the United States and the United Kingdom both evolved their aircraft designs and recognized it was better if newer aircraft mounted their machine guns on the wings instead of the fuselage. This change would necessitate using a new machine gun which the Air Ministry requested in 1930. In 1931, Colt Firearms in the United States, who collaborated with the Belgian company FN, presented their new aircraft variant of the [[M1919A4 (7.62 mm)|M1919A4 Browning]] Machine Gun to the Air Ministry. The Air Ministry ordered their first 60 Brownings in 1936, but they required some changes to the design. The most significant change is the conversion to open bolt from the original closed bolt design. This change was done to reduce the risk the cordite propellant used in British ammunition would "cook off" or get so hot the gun would start firing on its own. The modification meant the guns could no be synchronized to fire through a propeller, but it was mostly irrelevant due to the switch to wing-mounts. | The original main aircraft-mounted machine gun for Britain was the [[Vickers (7.7 mm)|Vickers]], a World War I design that was mostly unchanged from the guns used by the British Army Machine Gun Corps. In the inter-war period, the United States and the United Kingdom both evolved their aircraft designs and recognized it was better if newer aircraft mounted their machine guns on the wings instead of the fuselage. This change would necessitate using a new machine gun which the Air Ministry requested in 1930. In 1931, Colt Firearms in the United States, who collaborated with the Belgian company FN, presented their new aircraft variant of the [[M1919A4 (7.62 mm)|M1919A4 Browning]] Machine Gun to the Air Ministry. The Air Ministry ordered their first 60 Brownings in 1936, but they required some changes to the design. The most significant change is the conversion to open bolt from the original closed bolt design. This change was done to reduce the risk the cordite propellant used in British ammunition would "cook off" or get so hot the gun would start firing on its own. The modification meant the guns could no be synchronized to fire through a propeller, but it was mostly irrelevant due to the switch to wing-mounts. | ||
| − | The Browning was first mounted on biplane fighters like the Gloster [[Gladiator (Family)|Gladiator]] or Hawker [[Fury (Disambiguation)|Fury]], replacing the Vickers guns previously used, but it would more notably used on Britain's primary fighters of the war, the Supermarine [[Spitfire (Family)|Spitfire]] and Hawker [[Hurricane (Family)|Hurricane]]. These new fighters had eight guns based on calculations made by Captain F.W. "Gunner" Hill, who concluded that eight guns each capable of 1,000 rounds per minute would be the optimal armament for future fighters in 1934. However, during the Battle of Britain in | + | The Browning was first mounted on biplane fighters like the Gloster [[Gladiator (Family)|Gladiator]] or Hawker [[Fury (Disambiguation)|Fury]], replacing the Vickers guns previously used, but it would more notably used on Britain's primary fighters of the war, the Supermarine [[Spitfire (Family)|Spitfire]] and Hawker [[Hurricane (Family)|Hurricane]]. These new fighters had eight guns based on calculations made by Captain F.W. "Gunner" Hill, who concluded that eight guns each capable of 1,000 rounds per minute would be the optimal armament for future fighters in 1934. However, during the Battle of Britain in 1940, this configuration was found to be obsolete leading to the development of [[Hispano Mk.II (20 mm)|Hispano Mk.II]] cannon for these fighters to provide more firepower. These new cannon armed fighters did however, keep four of the outboard Brownings in place due to the outboard cannons freeze in the air. However, this problem would be fixed near the end of the war with the [[Hispano Mk.V (20 mm)|Hispano Mk.V]] which would lead to the Browning being phased out. |
Along with their fighters, the .303 Browning was used in fixed mounts on the Fairey Fulmar naval reconnaissance aircraft and early models of their bombers such as the Bristol [[Blenheim Mk IV|Blenheim]], Fairey Battle, Handley Page [[Hampden (Family)|Hampden]], the American lend-lease Martin Maryland and Baltimore, Fairey [[Swordfish Mk I|Swordfish]], American Lockheed [[Hudson Mk V (Great Britain)|Hudson]] and Douglas [[Boston Mk I (Great Britain)|Boston]], Blackburn Skua, and Bristol [[Beaufort Mk VIII|Beaufort]]. It was also used in electrically-operated turrets made by Boulton Paul and Nash & Thompson, and continued to see use in the fighter-bombers and night fighters of the de Havillard [[Mosquito (Family)|Mosquito]] aircraft even after it began getting phased for the Hispano cannons.Thanks to lend-lease, the USSR also get to use the .303 Brownings on the [[Hurricane Mk IIB (USSR)|Hurricane Mk IIB]]<nowiki/>and fighters of the Hurricane design. According to Soviet pilots, it was as reliable as their own [[ShKAS (7.62 mm)|ShKAS]] machine guns, but frequently failed when exposed to dust required cloth covers for the feeding and ejector port. | Along with their fighters, the .303 Browning was used in fixed mounts on the Fairey Fulmar naval reconnaissance aircraft and early models of their bombers such as the Bristol [[Blenheim Mk IV|Blenheim]], Fairey Battle, Handley Page [[Hampden (Family)|Hampden]], the American lend-lease Martin Maryland and Baltimore, Fairey [[Swordfish Mk I|Swordfish]], American Lockheed [[Hudson Mk V (Great Britain)|Hudson]] and Douglas [[Boston Mk I (Great Britain)|Boston]], Blackburn Skua, and Bristol [[Beaufort Mk VIII|Beaufort]]. It was also used in electrically-operated turrets made by Boulton Paul and Nash & Thompson, and continued to see use in the fighter-bombers and night fighters of the de Havillard [[Mosquito (Family)|Mosquito]] aircraft even after it began getting phased for the Hispano cannons.Thanks to lend-lease, the USSR also get to use the .303 Brownings on the [[Hurricane Mk IIB (USSR)|Hurricane Mk IIB]]<nowiki/>and fighters of the Hurricane design. According to Soviet pilots, it was as reliable as their own [[ShKAS (7.62 mm)|ShKAS]] machine guns, but frequently failed when exposed to dust required cloth covers for the feeding and ejector port. | ||
Revision as of 12:37, 31 December 2022
Contents
Description
The Browning (7.7 mm) is a Browning M1919 machine gun adapted to fire the British .303 round (7.7 mm) and is seen predominantly on British aircraft.
Vehicles equipped with this weapon
Note that the SB2U-2, the single American plane armed with the Browning .303, has a unique gun with lower accuracy than the ones found on British planes.
General info
Tell us about the tactical and technical characteristics of the cannon or machine gun.
Available ammunition
- Default: T · AP · AP-I · Ball · I
- Universal: T · AP · AP-I · AP-I · I
- Tracers: I-T · AP-I · I-T · AP-I
- Stealth: AP-I · AP-I · I
Comparison with analogues
The 7.7 mm Browning is similar in performance to the American 7.62 mm Browning.
Usage in battles
Describe the cannon/machine gun in the game - its distinctive features, tactics of usage against notable opponents. Please don't write a "guide" - do not impose a single point of view, but give the reader food for thought.
Pros and cons
Pros:
- High rate of fire
- Tracer belts are composed entirely of incendiary bullets which are effective at setting fires
- Has higher velocity, accuracy and is less prone to jamming than other LMGs such as the MG 15 and ShKAS
- On planes with Hispano cannons and Browning machine guns, the .303 tracers can be used to aim the 20 mm shells
Cons:
- Pitiful damage against aircraft structures such as spars and skin (same as other LMGs)
- High damage drop-off (same as other LMGs)
- Poor stock belts with relatively high ball round content
History
The original main aircraft-mounted machine gun for Britain was the Vickers, a World War I design that was mostly unchanged from the guns used by the British Army Machine Gun Corps. In the inter-war period, the United States and the United Kingdom both evolved their aircraft designs and recognized it was better if newer aircraft mounted their machine guns on the wings instead of the fuselage. This change would necessitate using a new machine gun which the Air Ministry requested in 1930. In 1931, Colt Firearms in the United States, who collaborated with the Belgian company FN, presented their new aircraft variant of the M1919A4 Browning Machine Gun to the Air Ministry. The Air Ministry ordered their first 60 Brownings in 1936, but they required some changes to the design. The most significant change is the conversion to open bolt from the original closed bolt design. This change was done to reduce the risk the cordite propellant used in British ammunition would "cook off" or get so hot the gun would start firing on its own. The modification meant the guns could no be synchronized to fire through a propeller, but it was mostly irrelevant due to the switch to wing-mounts.
The Browning was first mounted on biplane fighters like the Gloster Gladiator or Hawker Fury, replacing the Vickers guns previously used, but it would more notably used on Britain's primary fighters of the war, the Supermarine Spitfire and Hawker Hurricane. These new fighters had eight guns based on calculations made by Captain F.W. "Gunner" Hill, who concluded that eight guns each capable of 1,000 rounds per minute would be the optimal armament for future fighters in 1934. However, during the Battle of Britain in 1940, this configuration was found to be obsolete leading to the development of Hispano Mk.II cannon for these fighters to provide more firepower. These new cannon armed fighters did however, keep four of the outboard Brownings in place due to the outboard cannons freeze in the air. However, this problem would be fixed near the end of the war with the Hispano Mk.V which would lead to the Browning being phased out.
Along with their fighters, the .303 Browning was used in fixed mounts on the Fairey Fulmar naval reconnaissance aircraft and early models of their bombers such as the Bristol Blenheim, Fairey Battle, Handley Page Hampden, the American lend-lease Martin Maryland and Baltimore, Fairey Swordfish, American Lockheed Hudson and Douglas Boston, Blackburn Skua, and Bristol Beaufort. It was also used in electrically-operated turrets made by Boulton Paul and Nash & Thompson, and continued to see use in the fighter-bombers and night fighters of the de Havillard Mosquito aircraft even after it began getting phased for the Hispano cannons.Thanks to lend-lease, the USSR also get to use the .303 Brownings on the Hurricane Mk IIBand fighters of the Hurricane design. According to Soviet pilots, it was as reliable as their own ShKAS machine guns, but frequently failed when exposed to dust required cloth covers for the feeding and ejector port.
Media
- Videos
See also
Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:
- reference to the article about the variant of the cannon/machine gun;
- references to approximate analogues by other nations and research trees.
External links
Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:
- topic on the official game forum;
- other literature.
| Aircraft machine guns | |
|---|---|
| USA | |
| 7.62 mm | Browning · M134 Minigun |
| 12.7 mm | GAU-19 · M2 Browning · M3 Browning |
| Germany | |
| 7.62 mm | MG3 |
| 7.92 mm | MG 15 · MG 17 · MG 81 |
| 12.7 mm | FN M3P |
| 13 mm | MG 131 |
| USSR | |
| 7.62 mm | DA · GShG-7.62 · PKT · PV-1 · ShKAS |
| 12.7 mm | A-12.7 · Berezin UB · TKB-481 · YaK-B |
| Britain | |
| 7.62 mm | FN 60.30 · L8A1 |
| 7.7 mm | Browning · Lewis · Vickers E · Vickers K |
| Japan | |
| 7.7 mm | Te-1 · Type 89 · Type 89 'special' · Type 92 · Type 97 navy |
| 7.92 mm | Type 1 · Type 98 |
| 12.7 mm | Ho-103 · Ho-104 |
| 13 mm | Type 2 |
| 13.2 mm | Type 3 |
| China | |
| 12.7 mm | QJK99-12.7-1 |
| Italy | |
| 7.7 mm | Breda-SAFAT · Lewis |
| 7.92 mm | FN Browning |
| 12.7 mm | Breda-SAFAT · FN M3M · Scotti |
| France | |
| 7.5 mm | Darne 1933 · Fabrique Nationale Mle 38 · FN Browning · MAC 1934 · MAC 1934T · Mle 33 · Mle 1923 |
| 7.62 mm | PKA |
| 7.92 mm | FN-Browning M.36 No.3 · FN-Browning M.36 No.4 |
| Sweden | |
| 7.7 mm | FN-Browning M.36 No.3 |
| 8 mm | Ksp m/22 · Ksp m/22 Fh · Ksp m/22 Fv · Ksp m/22-37 R |
| 12.7 mm | Akan m/39A · Akan m/40 · Akan m/45 · LKk/42 |
| 13.2 mm | Akan m/39 · Akan m/39A |
