Difference between revisions of "FAB-50sv (50 kg)"
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== Description == | == Description == | ||
− | ''Write an introduction to the article in 2-3 small paragraphs. Briefly tell us about the history of the development and combat using the weaponry and also about its features. Compile a list of air, ground, or naval vehicles that feature this weapon system in the game.'' | + | <!--''Write an introduction to the article in 2-3 small paragraphs. Briefly tell us about the history of the development and combat using the weaponry and also about its features. Compile a list of air, ground, or naval vehicles that feature this weapon system in the game.''--> |
+ | The '''{{PAGENAME}}''' is a 50 kg Soviet general purpose high explosive bomb. FAB is an acronym for ''fugasnaya aviatsionnaya bomba'' (''фугасная авиационная бомба'') or high explosive bomb. FAB bombs are generally followed by the numbers representing the bomb’s weight in kilograms. Russian iron bombs typically utilise circular ring airfoils to stabilise the bombs during freefall differing from the fins rather than box fins utilised on western type general purpose bombs. | ||
+ | |||
+ | FAB bombs typically functioned with a single nose fuze, a single tail fuze or both which then served as a redundant trigger if the nose fuze failed. Soviet bombs are generally dark grey as the primary overall colour and typically are marked with designation weight in kilograms (e.g. FAB-50), fuze type, explosive or chemical filler and the number of auxiliary boosters (only found on bombs 250 kg or heavier). The tail fin will also include markings, such as year of manufacture, lot number produced from and factory number. | ||
+ | |||
+ | {| class="wikitable" | ||
+ | !colspan = "4"|Data for {{PAGENAME}} bomb | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | !colspan = "1"| | ||
+ | !colspan = "1"| In-game | ||
+ | !colspan = "2"| Historical<ref>[http://http://bulletpicker.com/pdf/TM%209-1985-7,%20USSR%20Bombs%20and%20Fuzes.pdf TM 9-1985-7, USSR Bombs and Fuzes - U.S. Army - Technical Manual, October 1954, p. 83]</ref> | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | Overall Length | ||
+ | | -- | ||
+ | | 94.4 cm | ||
+ | | 37.2 in | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | Body Diameter | ||
+ | | -- | ||
+ | | 24 cm | ||
+ | | 9.45 in | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | Fuse Type | ||
+ | | -- | ||
+ | | APUV, AV-1, AGP | ||
+ | | Tail - none | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | Filling | ||
+ | | TNT | ||
+ | | TNT | ||
+ | | TNT | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | Filling Weight | ||
+ | | 24 kg | ||
+ | | 24.9 kg | ||
+ | | 55 lb | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | Total Weight | ||
+ | | 64 kg | ||
+ | | 60.32 kg | ||
+ | | 133 lb | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | |} | ||
=== Vehicles equipped with this weapon === | === Vehicles equipped with this weapon === | ||
Line 16: | Line 58: | ||
{{Navigation-Line|Yak-7}}{{Specs-Link|yak-7b}} | {{Navigation-Line|Yak-7}}{{Specs-Link|yak-7b}} | ||
{{Navigation-First-Line|'''Attackers'''}} | {{Navigation-First-Line|'''Attackers'''}} | ||
− | |||
{{Navigation-Line|IL-2}}{{Specs-Link|il_2_1941}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|il-2i}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|il_2_37_1943}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|il-2m}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|il-2m_mstitel}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|il_2m_1943}} | {{Navigation-Line|IL-2}}{{Specs-Link|il_2_1941}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|il-2i}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|il_2_37_1943}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|il-2m}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|il-2m_mstitel}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|il_2m_1943}} | ||
{{Navigation-Line|IL-10}}{{Specs-Link|il-10}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|il-10_1946}} | {{Navigation-Line|IL-10}}{{Specs-Link|il-10}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|il-10_1946}} | ||
− | {{Navigation-Line|Su-2}}{{Specs-Link|su-2_m82}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|su-2_mv5}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|su-2_tss1}} | + | {{Navigation-Line|Su-2}}{{Specs-Link|bb-1}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|su-2_m82}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|su-2_mv5}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|su-2_tss1}} |
{{Navigation-Line|Su-6}}{{Specs-Link|su-6_am42}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|su-6_m71}} | {{Navigation-Line|Su-6}}{{Specs-Link|su-6_am42}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|su-6_m71}} | ||
{{Navigation-Line|Tandem MAI}}{{Specs-Link|tandem_mai}} | {{Navigation-Line|Tandem MAI}}{{Specs-Link|tandem_mai}} | ||
Line 28: | Line 69: | ||
== General info == | == General info == | ||
− | ''Tell us about the tactical and technical characteristics of the bomb.'' | + | <!--''Tell us about the tactical and technical characteristics of the bomb.''--> |
+ | FAB-50 bombs are constructed one of two ways, either forged or welded. The forged version is a bomb body which is a single unit of forged steel, the nose shape is ogival, the midsection is cylindrical, and the aft section is conically tapering to where the base adapter is located in which the tail unit is attached<ref>[http://http://bulletpicker.com/pdf/TM%209-1985-7,%20USSR%20Bombs%20and%20Fuzes.pdf TM 9-1985-7, USSR Bombs and Fuzes - U.S. Army - Technical Manual, October 1954, p. 84]</ref>. This bomb does was not designed to be utilised with a tail fuze. The tail unit of the forged bomb is of box construction and is held into place to the base of the bomb with a spanner lock nut. This version of the bomb has a striking resemblance to U.S. AN-M general purpose bombs of similar weights. A single suspension band is fitted to the bomb allowing fitting to either bomb bay shackles or external payload pylons. | ||
+ | |||
+ | Welded FAB-50 bombs are two forged steel sections of tear-drop shape which are fused just aft of where the suspension band is fitted. Like the forged bomb, the rear section is conical while the nose of the bomb is ogival which concludes at the fuze adapter. The base of the bomb has a threaded extension which the tail unit is attached and held with a locking nut. Also, like the forged bomb, the welded version cannot be fitted with a tail fuze. The tail assembly for the welded bomb consists of a cone which has four fins either welded or riveted along with four struts which act as supports for the fins through riveting. To allow the welded bombs to be fitted to an American bomb shackle ([[B-25J-30 (USSR)|B-25J-30]] and [[P-40E-1 (USSR)|P-40E-1]] specifically), an additional suspension band is added to the bomb for a total of two suspension bands<ref>[http://http://bulletpicker.com/pdf/TM%209-1985-7,%20USSR%20Bombs%20and%20Fuzes.pdf TM 9-1985-7, USSR Bombs and Fuzes - U.S. Army - Technical Manual, October 1954, p. 83]</ref>. | ||
=== Effective damage === | === Effective damage === | ||
− | ''Describe the type of damage produced by this type of bomb (high explosive, splash damage, etc)'' | + | <!--''Describe the type of damage produced by this type of bomb (high explosive, splash damage, etc.)''--> |
+ | The Soviet bombs featured in War Thunder are composed of straight TNT explosive filling, which was the preferred filling when it came to the larger FAB bombs, especially during peace time when the explosives would be in storage for a long duration. A tell-tale sign of bombs using TNT is the black smoke which is produced from the oxygen deficient explosion of TNT when detonated with a tetryl booster. | ||
+ | |||
+ | Typical crater size created from a FAB-50 bomb measured approximately .3 - .6 m in depth and 1.8 – 2.7 m<ref>[http://http://bulletpicker.com/pdf/TM%209-1985-7,%20USSR%20Bombs%20and%20Fuzes.pdf TM 9-1985-7, USSR Bombs and Fuzes - U.S. Army - Technical Manual, October 1954, p. 30]</ref> in diameter with a fragmentation radius of upwards of 68.6 meters. | ||
+ | |||
+ | {| class="wikitable" | ||
+ | !colspan = "1"|{{PAGENAME}} damage table | ||
+ | !colspan = "1"| Metric | ||
+ | !colspan = "1"| Imperial | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | Max armor penetration high explosive action | ||
+ | | 79 mm | ||
+ | | 3.11 in | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | Radius of destruction of armored vehicle | ||
+ | | 2.1 m | ||
+ | | 6.89 ft | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | |Radius of fragment dispersion | ||
+ | | 68.6 m | ||
+ | | 225 ft | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | |} | ||
=== Comparison with analogues === | === Comparison with analogues === | ||
− | ''Give a comparative description of bombs | + | <!--''Give a comparative description of bombs which have firepower equal to these type of weapons.''--> |
+ | {| class="wikitable" | ||
+ | !colspan = "8"| Comparable bombs to {{PAGENAME}} | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | !colspan = "1"| | ||
+ | !colspan = "1"| Name | ||
+ | !colspan = "1"| Mass | ||
+ | !colspan = "1"| Explosive mass | ||
+ | !colspan = "1"| Explosive | ||
+ | !colspan = "1"| Armor Pen. | ||
+ | !colspan = "1"| Destruction radius | ||
+ | !colspan = "1"| Frag radius | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | ▃ | ||
+ | | [[AN-M30A1_(100_lb)|AN-M30A1]] | ||
+ | | 100 lb | ||
+ | | 24.5 kg | ||
+ | | Amatol | ||
+ | |style="text-align:right;"| 79 mm | ||
+ | |style="text-align:right;"| 2.1 m | ||
+ | |style="text-align:right;"| 67.3 m | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | ▀ | ||
+ | | [[SC50JA_(50_kg)|SC50JA]] | ||
+ | | 50 kg | ||
+ | | 25 kg | ||
+ | | Fp.60/40 | ||
+ | |style="text-align:right;"| 80 mm | ||
+ | |style="text-align:right;"| 2.1 m | ||
+ | |style="text-align:right;"| 70.1 m | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | ▅ | ||
+ | | [[Navy_Type_97_Number_6_(60_kg)|Type 97 Number 6]] | ||
+ | | 60 kg | ||
+ | | 23 kg | ||
+ | | TNT | ||
+ | |style="text-align:right;"| 78 mm | ||
+ | |style="text-align:right;"| 2.1 m | ||
+ | |style="text-align:right;"| 67 m | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | ▅ | ||
+ | | [[Army_Type_94_GPHE_(50_kg)|Type 94 GPHE]] | ||
+ | | 50 kg | ||
+ | | 19.6 kg | ||
+ | | TNT | ||
+ | |style="text-align:right;"| 74 mm | ||
+ | |style="text-align:right;"| 1.8 m | ||
+ | |style="text-align:right;"| 62.5 m | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | ▄ | ||
+ | | [[GP_50_(50_kg)|GP 50]] | ||
+ | | 58 kg | ||
+ | | 25 kg | ||
+ | | TNT | ||
+ | |style="text-align:right;"| 80 mm | ||
+ | |style="text-align:right;"| 2.1 m | ||
+ | |style="text-align:right;"| 70.1 m | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | ▄ | ||
+ | | [[D.T._No.2_(50_kg)|D.T. No.2]] | ||
+ | | 55.7 kg | ||
+ | | 19.9 kg | ||
+ | | TNT | ||
+ | |style="text-align:right;"| 73 mm | ||
+ | |style="text-align:right;"| 2.1 m | ||
+ | |style="text-align:right;"| 67.4 m | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | ▄ | ||
+ | | [[G.A.M.Mn_50_(50_kg)|G.A.M.Mn 50]] | ||
+ | | 50 kg | ||
+ | | 28.5 kg | ||
+ | | TNT | ||
+ | |style="text-align:right;"| 82 mm | ||
+ | |style="text-align:right;"| 2.4 m | ||
+ | |style="text-align:right;"| 77.1 m | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | |} | ||
== Usage in battles == | == Usage in battles == | ||
− | ''Describe situations when you would | + | <!--''Describe situations when you would utilise this bomb in game (vehicle, pillbox, base, etc.)''--> |
+ | The {{PAGENAME}} is the lightest of the FAB series of bombs allowing it to be used between a wide range of fighters, attackers and bombers. The FAB-50 is a small bomb. However, it should not be discounted as it excels in use with low-level attacking or bombing aircraft. Even fighters which may carry one or two of these bombs can effectively take out a soft vehicle or AAA gun as a secondary target. Bombers which can carry a greater quantity can make short work of vehicle convoys or AAA clusters where blast radii will overlap and compound the damage inflicted to enemy targets. Unless these bombs are being dropped on a base, high altitude bombing of vehicles or AAA targets becomes very innaccurate, because the vehicles will have a chance to scatter or due to altitude and dropping of the bombs, the landing rate will be very wide between bombs and likelyhood that most will miss the target. | ||
=== Pros and cons === | === Pros and cons === | ||
− | ''Summarize and briefly evaluate the weaponry in terms of its characteristics and combat effectiveness. Mark pros and cons as a list.'' | + | <!--''Summarize and briefly evaluate the weaponry in terms of its characteristics and combat effectiveness. Mark pros and cons as a list.''--> |
'''Pros:''' | '''Pros:''' | ||
− | * | + | * Small bomb, can be outfitted on fighter aircraft |
+ | * Bombing aircraft less likely to be hit by splash damage when low-level bombing (realistic and simulator battles) | ||
+ | * Great bomb for disabling enemy aircraft capturing runways of domination maps | ||
'''Cons:''' | '''Cons:''' | ||
− | * | + | * Limited damage if dropped singally |
+ | * Less effective when used at high altitude ( > 3,000 m) | ||
+ | * Increased weight and drag, decreases overall performance of aircraft | ||
== History == | == History == | ||
− | ''Examine the history of the creation and combat usage of this weapon. If the historical reference turns out to be too big, take it to a separate article, taking a link to an article about the vehicle and adding a block "/ History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(weapon-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article.'' | + | <!--''Examine the history of the creation and combat usage of this weapon. If the historical reference turns out to be too big, take it to a separate article, taking a link to an article about the vehicle and adding a block "/ History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(weapon-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article.''--> |
+ | The Soviets had varying types of bombs, fuzes and fillers which they employed between 1939 and 1945. Early bombs used through 1942 were pre-war stock which was considered crude in design and manufacture, especially due to relying on unskilled labour and shortage of supervisory personnel in the manufacturing process. With old stock dwindling, a new effort was put into refining the design, manufacture and ballistic quality of the newer bombs. | ||
+ | |||
+ | While the Soviet bombs in War Thunder feature TNT filler, other fillers were used during the war in bombs such as the smaller FAB bombs (100 kg and under) typically used a 78% picric acid and 22% Dinitronapthalene mixture, similar to the Mélinite-Mononitro-nitronaphtaline (M.Mn) or Trimonite used by the French in their [[G.A.M.Mn 50 (50 kg)]] bombs. Other mixtures used by the Soviets include included 80/20 TNT/Ammonium Nitrate, 50/50 TNT/Ammonium Nitrate and 80/20 TNT/Dinitronapthalene. | ||
== Media == | == Media == |
Revision as of 17:39, 5 April 2019
Contents
Description
The FAB-50sv (50 kg) is a 50 kg Soviet general purpose high explosive bomb. FAB is an acronym for fugasnaya aviatsionnaya bomba (фугасная авиационная бомба) or high explosive bomb. FAB bombs are generally followed by the numbers representing the bomb’s weight in kilograms. Russian iron bombs typically utilise circular ring airfoils to stabilise the bombs during freefall differing from the fins rather than box fins utilised on western type general purpose bombs.
FAB bombs typically functioned with a single nose fuze, a single tail fuze or both which then served as a redundant trigger if the nose fuze failed. Soviet bombs are generally dark grey as the primary overall colour and typically are marked with designation weight in kilograms (e.g. FAB-50), fuze type, explosive or chemical filler and the number of auxiliary boosters (only found on bombs 250 kg or heavier). The tail fin will also include markings, such as year of manufacture, lot number produced from and factory number.
Data for FAB-50sv (50 kg) bomb | |||
---|---|---|---|
In-game | Historical[1] | ||
Overall Length | -- | 94.4 cm | 37.2 in |
Body Diameter | -- | 24 cm | 9.45 in |
Fuse Type | -- | APUV, AV-1, AGP | Tail - none |
Filling | TNT | TNT | TNT |
Filling Weight | 24 kg | 24.9 kg | 55 lb |
Total Weight | 64 kg | 60.32 kg | 133 lb |
Vehicles equipped with this weapon
Vehicles equipped with this weapon | |
---|---|
Fighters | |
I-15 | I-15 WR · I-15 M-22 · I-15 M-25 · I-15bis |
I-153 | I-153 M-62 · Zhukovsky's I-153-M62 · I-153P |
I-16 | I-16 type 18 · I-16 type 24 · I-16 type 27 · I-16 type 28 |
La-5 | La-5 · La-5F · La-5FN |
La-7 | La-7 · Dolgushin's La-7 · La-7B-20 |
LaGG-3 | LaGG-3-11 · LaGG-3-23 · LaGG-3-35 · LaGG-3-66 |
P-40 | ▂P-40E-1 |
Yak-1 | Yak-1 · Yak-1B |
Yak-7 | Yak-7B |
Attackers | |
IL-2 | IL-2 (1941) · IL-2 (1942) · IL-2-37 · IL-2M type 3 · IL-2M "Avenger" · IL-2M (1943) |
IL-10 | IL-10 · IL-10 (1946) |
Su-2 | BB-1 · Su-2 (M-82) · Su-2 MV-5 · Su-2 TSS-1 |
Su-6 | Su-6 (AM-42) · Su-6 (M-71F) |
Tandem MAI | Tandem MAI |
Bombers | ▂B-25J-30 · DB-3B · IL-4 · MBR-2-M-34 · Pe-8 · Po-2 |
Yer-2 (M-105) · Yer-2 (M-105) TAT · Yer-2 (M-105R) LU · Yer-2 (M-105R) TAT | |
Jet bombers | Tu-14T |
General info
FAB-50 bombs are constructed one of two ways, either forged or welded. The forged version is a bomb body which is a single unit of forged steel, the nose shape is ogival, the midsection is cylindrical, and the aft section is conically tapering to where the base adapter is located in which the tail unit is attached[2]. This bomb does was not designed to be utilised with a tail fuze. The tail unit of the forged bomb is of box construction and is held into place to the base of the bomb with a spanner lock nut. This version of the bomb has a striking resemblance to U.S. AN-M general purpose bombs of similar weights. A single suspension band is fitted to the bomb allowing fitting to either bomb bay shackles or external payload pylons.
Welded FAB-50 bombs are two forged steel sections of tear-drop shape which are fused just aft of where the suspension band is fitted. Like the forged bomb, the rear section is conical while the nose of the bomb is ogival which concludes at the fuze adapter. The base of the bomb has a threaded extension which the tail unit is attached and held with a locking nut. Also, like the forged bomb, the welded version cannot be fitted with a tail fuze. The tail assembly for the welded bomb consists of a cone which has four fins either welded or riveted along with four struts which act as supports for the fins through riveting. To allow the welded bombs to be fitted to an American bomb shackle (B-25J-30 and P-40E-1 specifically), an additional suspension band is added to the bomb for a total of two suspension bands[3].
Effective damage
The Soviet bombs featured in War Thunder are composed of straight TNT explosive filling, which was the preferred filling when it came to the larger FAB bombs, especially during peace time when the explosives would be in storage for a long duration. A tell-tale sign of bombs using TNT is the black smoke which is produced from the oxygen deficient explosion of TNT when detonated with a tetryl booster.
Typical crater size created from a FAB-50 bomb measured approximately .3 - .6 m in depth and 1.8 – 2.7 m[4] in diameter with a fragmentation radius of upwards of 68.6 meters.
FAB-50sv (50 kg) damage table | Metric | Imperial |
---|---|---|
Max armor penetration high explosive action | 79 mm | 3.11 in |
Radius of destruction of armored vehicle | 2.1 m | 6.89 ft |
Radius of fragment dispersion | 68.6 m | 225 ft |
Comparison with analogues
Comparable bombs to FAB-50sv (50 kg) | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Name | Mass | Explosive mass | Explosive | Armor Pen. | Destruction radius | Frag radius | |
▃ | AN-M30A1 | 100 lb | 24.5 kg | Amatol | 79 mm | 2.1 m | 67.3 m |
▀ | SC50JA | 50 kg | 25 kg | Fp.60/40 | 80 mm | 2.1 m | 70.1 m |
▅ | Type 97 Number 6 | 60 kg | 23 kg | TNT | 78 mm | 2.1 m | 67 m |
▅ | Type 94 GPHE | 50 kg | 19.6 kg | TNT | 74 mm | 1.8 m | 62.5 m |
▄ | GP 50 | 58 kg | 25 kg | TNT | 80 mm | 2.1 m | 70.1 m |
▄ | D.T. No.2 | 55.7 kg | 19.9 kg | TNT | 73 mm | 2.1 m | 67.4 m |
▄ | G.A.M.Mn 50 | 50 kg | 28.5 kg | TNT | 82 mm | 2.4 m | 77.1 m |
Usage in battles
The FAB-50sv (50 kg) is the lightest of the FAB series of bombs allowing it to be used between a wide range of fighters, attackers and bombers. The FAB-50 is a small bomb. However, it should not be discounted as it excels in use with low-level attacking or bombing aircraft. Even fighters which may carry one or two of these bombs can effectively take out a soft vehicle or AAA gun as a secondary target. Bombers which can carry a greater quantity can make short work of vehicle convoys or AAA clusters where blast radii will overlap and compound the damage inflicted to enemy targets. Unless these bombs are being dropped on a base, high altitude bombing of vehicles or AAA targets becomes very innaccurate, because the vehicles will have a chance to scatter or due to altitude and dropping of the bombs, the landing rate will be very wide between bombs and likelyhood that most will miss the target.
Pros and cons
Pros:
- Small bomb, can be outfitted on fighter aircraft
- Bombing aircraft less likely to be hit by splash damage when low-level bombing (realistic and simulator battles)
- Great bomb for disabling enemy aircraft capturing runways of domination maps
Cons:
- Limited damage if dropped singally
- Less effective when used at high altitude ( > 3,000 m)
- Increased weight and drag, decreases overall performance of aircraft
History
The Soviets had varying types of bombs, fuzes and fillers which they employed between 1939 and 1945. Early bombs used through 1942 were pre-war stock which was considered crude in design and manufacture, especially due to relying on unskilled labour and shortage of supervisory personnel in the manufacturing process. With old stock dwindling, a new effort was put into refining the design, manufacture and ballistic quality of the newer bombs.
While the Soviet bombs in War Thunder feature TNT filler, other fillers were used during the war in bombs such as the smaller FAB bombs (100 kg and under) typically used a 78% picric acid and 22% Dinitronapthalene mixture, similar to the Mélinite-Mononitro-nitronaphtaline (M.Mn) or Trimonite used by the French in their G.A.M.Mn 50 (50 kg) bombs. Other mixtures used by the Soviets include included 80/20 TNT/Ammonium Nitrate, 50/50 TNT/Ammonium Nitrate and 80/20 TNT/Dinitronapthalene.
Media
An excellent addition to the article would be a video guide, as well as screenshots from the game and photos.
See also
Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:
- reference to the article about the variant of the cannon/machine gun;
- references to approximate analogues by other nations and research trees.
External links
Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:
- topic on the official game forum;
- encyclopedia page on the weapon;
- other literature.
- ↑ TM 9-1985-7, USSR Bombs and Fuzes - U.S. Army - Technical Manual, October 1954, p. 83
- ↑ TM 9-1985-7, USSR Bombs and Fuzes - U.S. Army - Technical Manual, October 1954, p. 84
- ↑ TM 9-1985-7, USSR Bombs and Fuzes - U.S. Army - Technical Manual, October 1954, p. 83
- ↑ TM 9-1985-7, USSR Bombs and Fuzes - U.S. Army - Technical Manual, October 1954, p. 30