Difference between revisions of "ShVAK (20 mm)"

Revision as of 02:13, 4 January 2021

Description

The ShVAK (Russian: ШВАК: Шпитальный-Владимиров Авиационный Крупнокалиберный, Shpitalnyi-Vladimirov Aviatsionnyi Krupnokalibernyi, Shpitalny-Vladimirov large-calibre for aircraft) is a 20 mm autocannon which could be mounted on aircraft, either in the wings, the fuselage or in turrets. There are 3 variants of the ShVAK, 'standard' ShVAK, 'early' ShVAK (which lacks API and FI bullets), and the ShVAKs which is a standard ShVAK synchronised and regulated to fire through a propeller arc without destroying the propeller. The synchronised ShVAK has a lower rate of fire compared to the other versions.

The turreted ShVAK has the same characteristics as the standard wing or fuselage mounted ShVAK cannons.

Vehicles equipped with this weapon

Vehicles equipped with 'early' ShVAK
␗I-16 type 17 · I-16 type 27 · I-16 type 28 · I-153P

Vehicles equipped with 'standard' ShVAK or turreted ShVAK
Fighters
Hurricane	▂Hurricane Mk IIB
LaGG-3	LaGG-3-4 · LaGG-3-8 · LaGG-3-11 · LaGG-3-23 · LaGG-3-35 · LaGG-3-66
Yak-1	Yak-1 · Yak-1B · ▀Yak-1B
Yak-3	Yak-3 · ▄Yak-3
Yak-7	Yak-7B
Yak-9	Yak-9 · Yak-9B · Golovachev's Yak-9M · Yak-9U
Twin-engine fighters	I-29 · Pe-3bis · TIS MA
Jet fighters	BI
Attackers	IL-2 (1941) · IL-2 M-82 · Yak-2 KABB
Bombers
Pe-8	Pe-8 (Defensive)
Tu-2	Tu-2 · Tu-2S · Tu-2S-44 · ␗Tu-2S-44 · Tu-2S-59
Yer-2	Yer-2 (ACh-30B) (e) (Defensive) · Yer-2 (ACh-30B) (l) (Defensive)
Motor torpedo boats	G-5 (ShVAK)

Vehicles equipped with synchronised ShVAK
I-185	I-185 (M-71) · I-185 (M-82)
I-225	I-225
La-5	La-5 · La-5F · La-5FN · ▀La-5FN
La-7	La-7 · Dolgushin's La-7
MiG-3	MiG-3-34

General info

Tell us about the tactical and technical characteristics of the cannon or machine gun.

Available ammunition

Describe the shells that are available for the weapon and their features and purpose. If it concerns autocannons or machine guns, write about different ammo belts and what is inside (which types of shells).

Comparison with analogues

Give a comparative description of cannons/machine guns that have firepower equal to this weapon.

Usage in battles

Describe the cannon/machine gun in the game - its distinctive features, tactics of usage against notable opponents. Please don't write a "guide" - do not impose a single point of view, but give the reader food for thought.

Pros and cons

Pros:

Decent rate of fire at 720 to 800 RPM
Good accuracy even during prolonged bursts
Fragmentation-Incendiary round (FI) is good for pilot snipe and set fire
Tracer belt is full of FI-T aka Soviet's laser beam (keep beam on target at all time!)

Cons:

HEI has the worst explosive effect compared to 20 mm shells of other nations
Struggles against large framed and heavily armoured aircraft
Mediocre muzzle velocity
Useless at defeating armour > 20 mm
Most of the ShVAK installation have less than 200 rounds
Having a tendency to 'spark' (Hit detection problem)

History

Examine the history of the creation and combat usage of the weapon in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the weapon and adding a block "/History" (example: https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Weapon-name)/History) and add a link to it here using the main template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <ref></ref>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <references />.

Media

Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.

External links

Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:

topic on the official game forum;
encyclopedia page on the weapon;
other literature.

Germany aircraft cannons
15 mm	MG 151
20 mm	MG 151 · MG C/30L · MG FF · MG FF/M
27 mm	Mauser BK27
30 mm	MK 101 · MK 103 · MK 108
37 mm	BK 3.7
50 mm	BK 5 · Mk.214a
75 mm	BK 7.5
	Foreign:
20 mm	Hispano Mk.V ^(Britain) · M24A1 ^(USA) · M61A1 ^(USA) · ShVAK ^(USSR)
23 mm	GSh-23L ^(USSR) · NR-23 ^(USSR) · VYa-23 ^(USSR)
30 mm	DEFA 552 ^(France) · GSh-30-1 ^(USSR) · GSh-30-2K ^(USSR) · NR-30 ^(USSR)
37 mm	N-37D ^(USSR)

USSR aircraft cannons
20 mm	B-20E · B-20M · B-20S · ShVAK
23 mm	GSh-23L · NR-23 · NS-23 · NS-23K · PTB-23 · VYa-23
30 mm	2A42 · GSh-6-30 · GSh-30-1 · GSh-30-2 · GSh-30-2K · NR-30
37 mm	N-37 · N-37D · NS-37 · SH-37
45 mm	NS-45
	Foreign:
20 mm	Hispano Mk.II ^(Britain) · MG 151 ^(Germany)
37 mm	M4 ^(USA) · M10 ^(USA)

China aircraft cannons
23 mm	Type 23-1 · Type 23-2K · Type 23-3 · Type 23L
30 mm	Type 30-1
	Foreign
20 mm	AN/M2 ^(USA) · B-20E ^(USSR) · Hispano 404 ^(France) · Hispano Mk.II ^(Britain) · Ho-3 ^(Japan) · Ho-5 ^(Japan)
	M39A1 ^(USA) · M39A2 ^(USA) · M39A3 ^(USA) · M61A1 ^(USA) · M197 ^(USA) · ShVAK ^(USSR) · Type 99 Model 1 ^(Japan)
23 mm	NR-23 ^(USSR) · NS-23 ^(USSR) · NS-23K ^(USSR)
30 mm	GAU-13/A ^(USA)
37 mm	Ho-203 ^(Japan) · N-37D ^(USSR)

France aircraft cannons
20 mm	GIAT M.621 · Hispano 404 · Hispano HS.9 · M50
30 mm	DEFA 541 · DEFA 551 · DEFA 552 · DEFA 552A · DEFA 553 · DEFA 554 · GIAT M781
	Foreign:
20 mm	AN/M2 ^(USA) · Browning-Colt Mk12 Mod 3 ^(USA) · Hispano Mk.II ^(Britain) · M3 ^(USA) · M24A1 ^(USA) · M39A1 ^(USA) · MG 151 ^(Germany) · ShVAK ^(USSR)
37 mm	M4 ^(USA) · M10 ^(USA) · NS-37 ^(USSR)

USSR naval cannons
20 mm	ShVAK
25 mm	2M-3
30 mm	AK-230 · 30 mm/54 AK-630 · BP "Plamya"
37 mm	37 mm/67 70-K · V-11
45 mm	45 mm/46 21-K · 45 mm/68 21-KM · 45 mm/89 SM-20-ZIF · 45 mm/89 SM-21-ZIF
57 mm	AK-725
75 mm	75 mm/50 Canet patt.1892
76 mm	34-K · 39-K · 76 mm/60 AK-176M · AK-726 · D-56TS · F-34 · Lender AA gun, pattern 1914/15
85 mm	85 mm/52 92-K · 85 mm/54.6 ZIS-C-53 · 90-K
100 mm	100 mm/56 B-34 · 100 mm/70 SM-5-1 · Minizini
102 mm	Pattern 1911
120 mm	120 mm/50 pattern 1905
130 mm	130 mm/55 pattern 1913 · 130 mm/58 SM-2-1 · B-13
152 mm	152 mm/57 B-38
180 mm	180 mm/57 B-1-P · 180 mm/60 B-1-K
305 mm	12-inch/52 pattern 1907 · 305 mm/54 B-50
	Foreign:
40 mm	2pdr QF Mk.IIc ^(Britain) · Skoda ^{(Czechoslovakia)}
47 mm	3 pdr QF Hotchkiss ^(Britain)
76 mm	76 mm/40 Ansaldo mod.1917 ^(Italy)
88 mm	SK C/30 ^(Germany)
120 mm	120 mm/50 Mk.4 Bofors M1924 ^(Sweden) · 120 mm/50 O.T.O. Mod.1933 ^(Italy)
152 mm	152/53 mm O.T.O. Mod.1929 ^(Italy)
320 mm	320 mm/44 Ansaldo model 1934 ^(Italy)

@@ Line 15: / Line 15: @@
 {{Navigation-First-Line|'''Fighters'''}}
 {{Navigation-Line|Hurricane}}{{Specs-Link|hurricanemkii_ussr}}
-{{Navigation-Line|ITP}}{{Specs-Link|itp_m1}}
 {{Navigation-Line|LaGG-3}}{{Specs-Link|lagg-3-4}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|lagg-3-8}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|lagg-3-11}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|lagg-3-23}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|lagg-3-35}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|lagg-3-66}}
 {{Navigation-Line|Yak-1}}{{Specs-Link|yak-1_early}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|yak-1b}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|yak-1b_luftwaffe}}
@@ Line 22: / Line 21: @@
 {{Navigation-Line|Yak-9}}{{Specs-Link|yak-9}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|yak-9b}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|yak-9m}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|yak-9u}}
-{{Navigation-First-Line|'''Twin-engine fighters'''}}{{Specs-Link|i_29}}
+{{Navigation-First-Line|'''Twin-engine fighters'''}}{{Specs-Link|i_29}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|pe-3_bis}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|tis_ma}}
 {{Navigation-First-Line|'''Jet fighters'''}}{{Specs-Link|bi}}
-{{Navigation-First-Line|'''Strike aircraft'''}}{{Specs-Link|il_2_1941}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|il_2_m82}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|pe-3_bis}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|tis_ma}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|yak_2_kabb}}
+{{Navigation-First-Line|'''Attackers'''}}{{Specs-Link|il_2_1941}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|il_2_m82}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|yak_2_kabb}}
 {{Navigation-First-Line|'''Bombers'''}}
@@ Line 51: / Line 50: @@
 === Available ammunition ===
-<!-- ''Describe the shells that are available for the weapon and their features and purpose. If it concerns autocannons or machine guns, write about different ammo belts and what is inside (which types of shells).'' -->
+''Describe the shells that are available for the weapon and their features and purpose. If it concerns autocannons or machine guns, write about different ammo belts and what is inside (which types of shells).''
-'''Early:'''
-* '''Default:''' {{Annotation|T|Tracer}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEF-I|High-explosive fragmentation incendiary}}
-* '''Air targets:''' {{Annotation|HEF|High-explosive fragmentation}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEF-I|High-explosive fragmentation incendiary}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEF|High-explosive fragmentation}}{{-}}{{Annotation|T|Tracer}}
-* '''Tracers:''' {{Annotation|T|Tracer}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEF-I|High-explosive fragmentation incendiary}}{{-}}{{Annotation|T|Tracer}}{{-}}{{Annotation|T|Tracer}}
-* '''Stealth:''' {{Annotation|HEF|High-explosive fragmentation}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEF|High-explosive fragmentation}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEF|High-explosive fragmentation}}
-{{:{{PAGENAME}}/Ammunition|T, HEF-I, HEF}}
-'''Standard/Synchronised'''
-* '''Default:''' {{Annotation|FI-T|Fragmentation incendiary tracer}}{{-}}{{Annotation|AP-I|Armour-piercing incendiary}}
-* '''Universal:''' {{Annotation|FI-T|Fragmentation incendiary tracer}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEF|High-explosive fragmentation}}{{-}}{{Annotation|AP-I|Armour-piercing incendiary}}{{-}}{{Annotation|FI-T|Fragmentation incendiary tracer}}
-* '''Ground targets:''' {{Annotation|HEF|High-explosive fragmentation}}{{-}}{{Annotation|FI-T|Fragmentation incendiary tracer}}{{-}}{{Annotation|AP-I|Armour-piercing incendiary}}
-* '''Tracers:''' {{Annotation|FI-T|Fragmentation incendiary tracer}}{{-}}{{Annotation|FI-T|Fragmentation incendiary tracer}}{{-}}{{Annotation|FI-T|Fragmentation incendiary tracer}}
-* '''Armoured targets:''' {{Annotation|AP-I|Armour-piercing incendiary}}{{-}}{{Annotation|FI-T|Fragmentation incendiary tracer}}{{-}}{{Annotation|AP-I|Armour-piercing incendiary}}{{-}}{{Annotation|AP-I|Armour-piercing incendiary}}
-* '''Stealth:''' {{Annotation|AP-I|Armour-piercing incendiary}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEF|High-explosive fragmentation}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEF|High-explosive fragmentation}}{{-}}{{Annotation|FI|Fragmentation incendiary}}
-* '''Default (turret):''' {{Annotation|FI-T|Fragmentation incendiary tracer}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEF|High-explosive fragmentation}}
-* '''Armoured targets (turret):''' {{Annotation|AP-I|Armour-piercing incendiary}}{{-}}{{Annotation|FI-T|Fragmentation incendiary tracer}}{{-}}{{Annotation|AP-I|Armour-piercing incendiary}}
-* '''Air targets (turret):''' {{Annotation|AP-I|Armour-piercing incendiary}}{{-}}{{Annotation|FI-T|Fragmentation incendiary tracer}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEF|High-explosive fragmentation}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEF-I|High-explosive fragmentation incendiary}}
-{{:{{PAGENAME}}/Ammunition|FI-T, AP-I, HEF, FI}}
-'''Naval'''
-* '''Universal:''' {{Annotation|FI-T|Fragmentation incendiary tracer}}{{-}}{{Annotation|AP-I|Armour-piercing incendiary}}{{-}}{{Annotation|FI-T|Fragmentation incendiary tracer}}{{-}}{{Annotation|AP-I|Armour-piercing incendiary}}
-* '''20 mm HE belts:''' {{Annotation|FI-T|Fragmentation incendiary tracer}}{{-}}{{Annotation|FI|Fragmentation incendiary}}{{-}}{{Annotation|FI|Fragmentation incendiary}}{{-}}{{Annotation|AP-I|Armour-piercing incendiary}}
-* '''20 mm AP belts:''' {{Annotation|API-T|Armour-piercing incendiary tracer}}{{-}}{{Annotation|AP-I|Armour-piercing incendiary}}{{-}}{{Annotation|AP-I|Armour-piercing incendiary}}{{-}}{{Annotation|FI|Fragmentation incendiary}}
-{{:{{PAGENAME}}/Ammunition|FI-T naval, AP-I naval, FI naval, API-T naval}}
 === Comparison with analogues ===
@@ Line 88: / Line 56: @@
 == Usage in battles ==
-<!-- ''Describe the cannon/machine gun in the game - its distinctive features, tactics of usage against notable opponents. Please don't write a "guide" - do not impose a single point of view, but give the reader food for thought.'' -->
+''Describe the cannon/machine gun in the game - its distinctive features, tactics of usage against notable opponents. Please don't write a "guide" - do not impose a single point of view, but give the reader food for thought.''
-The ShVAK has a good rate of fire and accuracy, but it is weakened by the poor damage potential of its HEF rounds. To inflict consistent damage to the enemies, it is recommended to use Armored Targets or Ground Targets Belts containing AP and/or FI rounds.
 === Pros and cons ===
@@ Line 100: / Line 66: @@
 * Good accuracy even during prolonged bursts
 * Fragmentation-Incendiary round (FI) is good for pilot snipe and set fire
-* Tracer belt is full of FI-T aka Soviet laser beam
+* Tracer belt is full of FI-T aka Soviet's laser beam (keep beam on target at all time!)
 '''Cons:'''
@@ Line 107: / Line 73: @@
 * Struggles against large framed and heavily armoured aircraft
 * Mediocre muzzle velocity
-* Useless at defeating armour thicker than 20 mm
+* Useless at defeating armour > 20 mm
-* Most ShVAK installations have less than 200 rounds
+* Most of the ShVAK installation have less than 200 rounds
-* Has a tendency to "spark"
+* Having a tendency to 'spark' (Hit detection problem)
 == History ==
-<!-- ''Examine the history of the creation and combat usage of the weapon in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the weapon and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Weapon-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>.'' -->
+''Examine the history of the creation and combat usage of the weapon in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the weapon and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Weapon-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>.''
-The ShVAK is a 20 mm cannon. Originally designed to meet a requirement of a 12.7x108 mm aircraft machine gun intended to use the same cartridges as the [[DShK (12.7 mm)|DShK]] machine gun, the ShVAK 12.7 mm machine gun designed at Tula Arsenal by S.V. Vladimirov was a scaled up version of the [[ShKAS (7.62 mm)|ShKAS]] action. It was first used in synchronized mount on the [[I-16 (Family)|I-16]] and planned for use on the cancelled Yatsenko I-28 fighter. However, the action meant the ShVAK gun needed to use rimmed cartridges while the DShK used rimless cartridges. As a result, the machine gun was phased out in favour of the [[Berezin UB (12.7 mm)|Berezin UB]] which could use DShK ammunition.
-Between 1935 and 1936, the design was modified to fire a 20 mm cartridge. It retained the "bird-cage" feed system that gradually de-linked a cartridge and had the gas cylinder moved under the barrel to create an more compact profile. It became the standard Soviet aircraft cannon during World War II, used on a number of aircraft from the [[I-153P]] and I-16 fighters, to the [[Hurricane Mk IIB (USSR)|Soviet Lend-Lease Hurricane Mk IIBs]] and the [[Tu-2 (Family)|Tu-2 "Bat"]], the ground attack version of the [[Pe-2 (Family)|Pe-2 "Buck"]], on flexible mounts in the [[Pe-8]] and [[Yer-2 (Family)|Yer-2]] bombers, and on [[IL-2 (1941)|early variants of the IL-2 "Shturmovik"]] ground attack aircraft. In 1952, the United States tested captured guns where they noted it had the same range and rate of fire as their [[M3 (20 mm)|M3]], but was lighter than that design. However, it was made of non-heat-treated parts that were filed down to fit. After World War II, the ShVAK was replaced by the Berezin B-20 which was even lighter but just as powerful.
 == Media ==
@@ Line 130: / Line 93: @@
 * ''topic on the official game forum;''
+* ''encyclopedia page on the weapon;''
 * ''other literature.''

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