Difference between revisions of "Yak-15P"
(Added basic information and tables.) |
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== Description == | == Description == | ||
− | ''In the description, the first part needs to be about the history of and the creation and combat usage of the aircraft, as well as its key features. In the second part, tell the reader about the aircraft in the game. Insert screenshot of the vehicle. If the novice player does not remember the vehicle by name, he will immediately understand what kind of vehicle it is talking about.'' | + | <!--''In the description, the first part needs to be about the history of and the creation and combat usage of the aircraft, as well as its key features. In the second part, tell the reader about the aircraft in the game. Insert screenshot of the vehicle. If the novice player does not remember the vehicle by name, he will immediately understand what kind of vehicle it is talking about.''--> |
+ | [[File:GarageImage_Yak-15P.jpg|420px|thumb|left]] | ||
+ | {{break}} | ||
+ | The '''Yak-15P''' is a Rank V Soviet jet fighter with a battle rating of 6.0 (AB), 6.3 (RB), and 6.7 (SB). It was introduced in Update 1.31. | ||
+ | |||
+ | The Yak-15 is arguably one of the most underestimated planes in the game. Although its stat card reveals what would be considered "sub-par" performance and armament, the Yak-15 is both a unique and deadly fighter. Unlike its propeller-driven counterparts, this first generation jet aircraft wields the ability to hold on to energy in a straight line, whereas prop aircraft will slowly lose speed. This coupled with its good rate of turn allows the Yak-15 to defend itself against both propeller and jet powered aircraft, which is what it will normally face in all game modes. | ||
+ | |||
+ | The Yak-15P's major faults include a low top speed, poor acceleration, little armor protection, and small ammunition pool which collectively make this aircraft harder to use than even other first generation jet aircraft such as the [[He_162_A-2|He 162 A-2]], the [[Meteor_F._Mk.3|Meteor F. Mk.3]], and the [[P-80A-5]]. Although it is driven by a [[Turbojet-engine|jet engine]], it is important to recognize the faults and oddities within this aircraft series as they are not representative of the traditional "jet fighter" at all. The Yak-15 is most easily viewed as a late-war [[Yak-3]] powered by a jet engine and with a different armament. | ||
== General info == | == General info == | ||
=== Flight Performance === | === Flight Performance === | ||
− | ''Describe how the aircraft behaves in the air. Maximum speed, maneuverability, speed and allowable loads - these are the most important characteristics of the vehicle.'' | + | <!--''Describe how the aircraft behaves in the air. Maximum speed, maneuverability, speed and allowable loads - these are the most important characteristics of the vehicle.''--> |
+ | {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | ! colspan="8" | Characteristics | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | ! colspan="8" | ''Stock'' | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | ! colspan="2" | Max Speed<br>(km/h at 4,000 m) | ||
+ | ! rowspan="2" | Max altitude<br>(meters) | ||
+ | ! colspan="2" | Turn time<br>(seconds) | ||
+ | ! colspan="2" | Rate of climb<br>(meters/second) | ||
+ | ! rowspan="2" |Take-off run<br>(meters) | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | ! AB | ||
+ | ! RB | ||
+ | ! AB | ||
+ | ! RB | ||
+ | ! AB | ||
+ | ! RB | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | 719 || 699 || 13,250 || 19.1 || 20.1 || 19.7 || 19.2 || 366 | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | ! colspan="8" | ''Upgraded'' | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | ! colspan="2" | Max Speed<br>(km/h at 4,000 m) | ||
+ | ! rowspan="2" |Max altitude (meters) | ||
+ | ! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds) | ||
+ | ! colspan="2" | Rate of climb<br>(meters/second) | ||
+ | ! rowspan="2" |Take-off run (meters) | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | ! AB | ||
+ | ! RB | ||
+ | ! AB | ||
+ | ! RB | ||
+ | ! AB | ||
+ | ! RB | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | ? || ? || 13,250 || ??.? || ??.? || ?.? || ?.? || 366 | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | |} | ||
+ | |||
+ | ====Details==== | ||
+ | {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | ! colspan="5" | Features | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | ! Combat flap | ||
+ | ! Take-off flap | ||
+ | ! Landing flap | ||
+ | ! Air brakes | ||
+ | ! Arrestor gear | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || X || X <!-- ✓ --> | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | |} | ||
+ | |||
+ | {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | ! colspan="5" | Limits | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | ! rowspan="2" | Wing-break speed<br>(km/h) | ||
+ | ! rowspan="2" | Gear limit<br>(km/h) | ||
+ | ! rowspan="2" | Combat flap<br> (km/h) | ||
+ | ! colspan="2" | Max Static G | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | ! + | ||
+ | ! - | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | 750 || 450 || 520 || ~26 || ~20 | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | |} | ||
+ | |||
+ | {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | ! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | ! Ailerons<br>(km/h) | ||
+ | ! Rudder<br>(km/h) | ||
+ | ! Elevators<br>(km/h) | ||
+ | ! Radiator<br>(km/h) | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | < 380 || < 420 || < 500 || > 250 | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | |} | ||
+ | |||
+ | {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | ! colspan="3" | Compressor (RB/SB) | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | ! colspan="3" | Setting 1 | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | ! Optimal altitude | ||
+ | ! 100% Engine power | ||
+ | ! WEP Engine power | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | ?,??? m || ??? hp || ?,??? hp | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | <!--! colspan="3" | Setting 2 | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | ! Optimal altitude | ||
+ | ! 100% Engine power | ||
+ | ! WEP Engine power | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | ?,??? m || ?,??? hp || ?,??? hp | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | ! colspan="3" | Setting 3 | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | ! Optimal altitude | ||
+ | ! 100% Engine power | ||
+ | ! WEP Engine power | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | ?,??? m || ?,??? hp || ?,??? hp | ||
+ | |- --> | ||
+ | |} | ||
=== Survivability and armour === | === Survivability and armour === | ||
− | ''Examine the survivability of the aircraft. Note how vulnerable the structure is and how secure the pilot is, whether the fuel tanks are armoured. Describe the armour, if there is any, also mention the vulnerability of other critical aircraft systems.'' | + | <!--''Examine the survivability of the aircraft. Note how vulnerable the structure is and how secure the pilot is, whether the fuel tanks are armoured. Describe the armour, if there is any, also mention the vulnerability of other critical aircraft systems.''--> |
+ | * 8.5 mm Steel - armor plate behind pilot seat | ||
+ | * No armour glazing | ||
+ | * Critical components located at front of aircraft (fuel, pilot, engine, controls) | ||
+ | * More fuel tanks located in wings near fuselage | ||
== Armaments == | == Armaments == | ||
=== Offensive armament === | === Offensive armament === | ||
− | ''Describe the offensive armament of the aircraft, if any. Describe how effective the cannons and machine guns are in a battle, and also what belts or drums are better to use. If there is no offensive weaponry, delete this subsection.'' | + | <!--''Describe the offensive armament of the aircraft, if any. Describe how effective the cannons and machine guns are in a battle, and also what belts or drums are better to use. If there is no offensive weaponry, delete this subsection.''--> |
+ | {{main|NS-23 (23 mm)}} | ||
+ | |||
+ | The Yak-15P is armed with: | ||
+ | |||
+ | * 1 x 23 mm NS-23K cannon, nose-mounted (60 rpg) | ||
− | === Suspended armament === | + | <!--=== Suspended armament === |
''Describe the aircraft's suspended armament: additional cannons under the wings, bombs, rockets and torpedoes. This section is especially important for bombers and attackers. If there is no suspended weaponry remove this subsection.'' | ''Describe the aircraft's suspended armament: additional cannons under the wings, bombs, rockets and torpedoes. This section is especially important for bombers and attackers. If there is no suspended weaponry remove this subsection.'' | ||
=== Defensive armament === | === Defensive armament === | ||
''Defensive armament with turret machine guns or cannons, crewed by gunners. Examine the number of gunners and what belts or drums are better to use. If defensive weaponry is not available remove this subsection.'' | ''Defensive armament with turret machine guns or cannons, crewed by gunners. Examine the number of gunners and what belts or drums are better to use. If defensive weaponry is not available remove this subsection.'' | ||
+ | --> | ||
+ | == Usage in the battles == | ||
+ | <!--''Describe the tactics of playing in an aircraft, the features of using vehicles in a team and advice on tactics. Refrain from creating a "guide" - do not impose a single point of view but give the reader food for thought. Examine the most dangerous enemies and give recommendations on fighting them. If necessary, note the specifics of the game in different modes (AB, RB, SB).''--> | ||
+ | In realistic battles, climbing with this aircraft at the start of a match is not always the best course of action, considering how poor the Yak-15's rate of climb is. Instead of the traditional and slow angled climb, the Yak-15 is best used in a "zoom climb" where once enough energy has been built up at a low altitude the Yak-15 pilot will pitch up, thus gaining a lot of altitude quickly. This way, if attacked during the first few minutes of the match, the Yak-15 still wields some energy whereas had the Yak-15 been slowly climbing, it would have had to face another aircraft's guns. In order to shake an enemy, especially a prop driven enemy, dive low to the ground to ensure your assailant's speed only decreases. This is called a "speed trap" and can either be followed by a "hammerhead" attack or a continuation of the escape. This tactic of utilizing the Yak-15's ability to hold on to energy in a straight line is negated when facing other jet aircraft who wield the same ability. This is where the Yak-15's dog fighting abilities come into play. Because it is so similar to the Yak-3, the Yak-15 retains some of its maneuverability characteristics, namely its turn time. This facet often proves an indispensable one as other first generation jets will not be able to maintain a tight enough turn circle. | ||
− | + | However, the Yak-15P is '''severely''' hampered in its damage output due to its reliance on a single 23 mm NS-23K cannon, with 60 shells total. It is possible to expend this pool in seconds. The Yak-15P shares this downfall with aircraft like the [[Ki-200_Shusui|Ki-200]], and the [[Me_163_B|Me-163]]. Firing in small, accurate bursts negates this and is the most efficient way of destroying enemies. The 23 mm shells these cannons fire are extremely deadly when they hit and often rip enemies apart. | |
− | ' | + | |
+ | To use the guns most effectively, be close to your target. The reason for this is twofold: First, the limited ammo means you want your shots to count. Being close to your target will give your cannons the highest chance of hitting. The second reason is because of the ballistics of the 23 mm shells - their muzzle velocity is not very high, meaning you have to lead your targets by quite a bit. If you are closer to your target, you won't have to lead them by quite as much, although still more than most other cannons. | ||
+ | |||
+ | With some practice, it is possible to consistently get about 2 fighter kills with one load of ammunition in realistic battles. Using the Air Targets belt is the most effective. However, attacking bombers is best left to other planes with more firepower, since the Yak-15 does not have the firepower or ammunition to reliably kill heavy bombers without sustaining heavy damage. Heavy fighters such as the [[F7F-1]] may also take longer to destroy than other fighters. | ||
+ | |||
+ | In arcade battles, the Yak-15 is capable of breaking up a "furball" due to its impressive turn time. This coupled with its hard-hitting cannon makes any Yak-15 pilot an indispensable asset to any arcade team. | ||
+ | |||
+ | ===Manual Engine Control=== | ||
+ | {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | ! colspan="7" | MEC elements | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | ! rowspan="2" |Mixer | ||
+ | ! rowspan="2" |Pitch | ||
+ | ! colspan="3" |Radiator | ||
+ | ! rowspan="2" |Supercharger | ||
+ | ! rowspan="2" |Turbocharger | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | ! Oil | ||
+ | ! Water | ||
+ | ! Type | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | Controllable || rowspan="2" | Not controllable || rowspan="2" | Not controllable || rowspan="2" | Not controllable || rowspan="2" | Separate || rowspan="2" | Not ontrollable || rowspan="2" | Not controllable | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | |} | ||
+ | |||
+ | ===Modules=== | ||
+ | {| class="wikitable" | ||
+ | !colspan = "1"| Tier | ||
+ | !colspan = "2"| Flight performance | ||
+ | !colspan = "1"| Survivability | ||
+ | !colspan = "1"| Weaponry | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | I | ||
+ | | Fuselage Repair | ||
+ | | | ||
+ | | | ||
+ | | Offensive 23 mm | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | II | ||
+ | | | ||
+ | | Compressor | ||
+ | | Airframe | ||
+ | | | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | III | ||
+ | | Wing Repair | ||
+ | | | ||
+ | | | ||
+ | | New 23 mm Cannons | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | IV | ||
+ | | | ||
+ | | Engine | ||
+ | | Cover | ||
+ | | | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | |} | ||
+ | |||
+ | *Obtaining the "Offensive 23 mm" modification is the best choice as it allows for more flexibility in armament. Next, try to obtain the "compressor" and "engine" upgrades as they both increase engine thrust which is essential in escaping from a dogfight turned sour. Finally, obtain the rest of the performance upgrades as they will all collectively increase top speed, turn time, and rate of climb. | ||
=== Pros and cons === | === Pros and cons === | ||
− | ''Summarize and briefly evaluate the vehicle in terms of its characteristics and combat effectiveness. Mark its pros and cons in the bulleted list. Do not use more than 6 points for each of the characteristics. Avoid using categorical definitions such as "bad", "good" and the like - they have a substitution in the form of softer "inadequate", "effective".'' | + | <!--''Summarize and briefly evaluate the vehicle in terms of its characteristics and combat effectiveness. Mark its pros and cons in the bulleted list. Do not use more than 6 points for each of the characteristics. Avoid using categorical definitions such as "bad", "good" and the like - they have a substitution in the form of softer "inadequate", "effective".''--> |
'''Pros:''' | '''Pros:''' | ||
− | * | + | * Excellent turn time for a jet fighter |
+ | * Good armament | ||
+ | * Very good roll rate | ||
+ | * Fairly responsive at higher speeds | ||
'''Cons:''' | '''Cons:''' | ||
− | * | + | * Slow for a jet fighter |
+ | * Low ammunition count | ||
+ | * Poor rate of climb | ||
+ | * Poor acceleration | ||
+ | * Lack of armor protection | ||
+ | * Inability to carry a payload | ||
== History == | == History == | ||
Line 43: | Line 243: | ||
* ''reference to the series of the aircraft;'' | * ''reference to the series of the aircraft;'' | ||
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.'' | * ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.'' | ||
− | ''ETC.'' | + | <!--''ETC.''--> |
== Sources == | == Sources == | ||
Line 50: | Line 250: | ||
* ''page on aircraft encyclopedia;'' | * ''page on aircraft encyclopedia;'' | ||
* ''other literature.'' | * ''other literature.'' | ||
+ | |||
+ | {{USSR jet aircrafts}} |
Revision as of 04:07, 17 November 2018
Contents
Description
The Yak-15P is a Rank V Soviet jet fighter with a battle rating of 6.0 (AB), 6.3 (RB), and 6.7 (SB). It was introduced in Update 1.31.
The Yak-15 is arguably one of the most underestimated planes in the game. Although its stat card reveals what would be considered "sub-par" performance and armament, the Yak-15 is both a unique and deadly fighter. Unlike its propeller-driven counterparts, this first generation jet aircraft wields the ability to hold on to energy in a straight line, whereas prop aircraft will slowly lose speed. This coupled with its good rate of turn allows the Yak-15 to defend itself against both propeller and jet powered aircraft, which is what it will normally face in all game modes.
The Yak-15P's major faults include a low top speed, poor acceleration, little armor protection, and small ammunition pool which collectively make this aircraft harder to use than even other first generation jet aircraft such as the He 162 A-2, the Meteor F. Mk.3, and the P-80A-5. Although it is driven by a jet engine, it is important to recognize the faults and oddities within this aircraft series as they are not representative of the traditional "jet fighter" at all. The Yak-15 is most easily viewed as a late-war Yak-3 powered by a jet engine and with a different armament.
General info
Flight Performance
Characteristics | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Stock | |||||||
Max Speed (km/h at 4,000 m) |
Max altitude (meters) |
Turn time (seconds) |
Rate of climb (meters/second) |
Take-off run (meters) | |||
AB | RB | AB | RB | AB | RB | ||
719 | 699 | 13,250 | 19.1 | 20.1 | 19.7 | 19.2 | 366 |
Upgraded | |||||||
Max Speed (km/h at 4,000 m) |
Max altitude (meters) | Turn time (seconds) | Rate of climb (meters/second) |
Take-off run (meters) | |||
AB | RB | AB | RB | AB | RB | ||
? | ? | 13,250 | ??.? | ??.? | ?.? | ?.? | 366 |
Details
Features | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Combat flap | Take-off flap | Landing flap | Air brakes | Arrestor gear |
✓ | ✓ | ✓ | X | X |
Limits | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Wing-break speed (km/h) |
Gear limit (km/h) |
Combat flap (km/h) |
Max Static G | |
+ | - | |||
750 | 450 | 520 | ~26 | ~20 |
Optimal velocities | |||
---|---|---|---|
Ailerons (km/h) |
Rudder (km/h) |
Elevators (km/h) |
Radiator (km/h) |
< 380 | < 420 | < 500 | > 250 |
Compressor (RB/SB) | ||
---|---|---|
Setting 1 | ||
Optimal altitude | 100% Engine power | WEP Engine power |
?,??? m | ??? hp | ?,??? hp |
Survivability and armour
- 8.5 mm Steel - armor plate behind pilot seat
- No armour glazing
- Critical components located at front of aircraft (fuel, pilot, engine, controls)
- More fuel tanks located in wings near fuselage
Armaments
Offensive armament
The Yak-15P is armed with:
- 1 x 23 mm NS-23K cannon, nose-mounted (60 rpg)
Usage in the battles
In realistic battles, climbing with this aircraft at the start of a match is not always the best course of action, considering how poor the Yak-15's rate of climb is. Instead of the traditional and slow angled climb, the Yak-15 is best used in a "zoom climb" where once enough energy has been built up at a low altitude the Yak-15 pilot will pitch up, thus gaining a lot of altitude quickly. This way, if attacked during the first few minutes of the match, the Yak-15 still wields some energy whereas had the Yak-15 been slowly climbing, it would have had to face another aircraft's guns. In order to shake an enemy, especially a prop driven enemy, dive low to the ground to ensure your assailant's speed only decreases. This is called a "speed trap" and can either be followed by a "hammerhead" attack or a continuation of the escape. This tactic of utilizing the Yak-15's ability to hold on to energy in a straight line is negated when facing other jet aircraft who wield the same ability. This is where the Yak-15's dog fighting abilities come into play. Because it is so similar to the Yak-3, the Yak-15 retains some of its maneuverability characteristics, namely its turn time. This facet often proves an indispensable one as other first generation jets will not be able to maintain a tight enough turn circle.
However, the Yak-15P is severely hampered in its damage output due to its reliance on a single 23 mm NS-23K cannon, with 60 shells total. It is possible to expend this pool in seconds. The Yak-15P shares this downfall with aircraft like the Ki-200, and the Me-163. Firing in small, accurate bursts negates this and is the most efficient way of destroying enemies. The 23 mm shells these cannons fire are extremely deadly when they hit and often rip enemies apart.
To use the guns most effectively, be close to your target. The reason for this is twofold: First, the limited ammo means you want your shots to count. Being close to your target will give your cannons the highest chance of hitting. The second reason is because of the ballistics of the 23 mm shells - their muzzle velocity is not very high, meaning you have to lead your targets by quite a bit. If you are closer to your target, you won't have to lead them by quite as much, although still more than most other cannons.
With some practice, it is possible to consistently get about 2 fighter kills with one load of ammunition in realistic battles. Using the Air Targets belt is the most effective. However, attacking bombers is best left to other planes with more firepower, since the Yak-15 does not have the firepower or ammunition to reliably kill heavy bombers without sustaining heavy damage. Heavy fighters such as the F7F-1 may also take longer to destroy than other fighters.
In arcade battles, the Yak-15 is capable of breaking up a "furball" due to its impressive turn time. This coupled with its hard-hitting cannon makes any Yak-15 pilot an indispensable asset to any arcade team.
Manual Engine Control
MEC elements | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mixer | Pitch | Radiator | Supercharger | Turbocharger | ||
Oil | Water | Type | ||||
Controllable | Not controllable | Not controllable | Not controllable | Separate | Not ontrollable | Not controllable |
Modules
Tier | Flight performance | Survivability | Weaponry | |
---|---|---|---|---|
I | Fuselage Repair | Offensive 23 mm | ||
II | Compressor | Airframe | ||
III | Wing Repair | New 23 mm Cannons | ||
IV | Engine | Cover |
- Obtaining the "Offensive 23 mm" modification is the best choice as it allows for more flexibility in armament. Next, try to obtain the "compressor" and "engine" upgrades as they both increase engine thrust which is essential in escaping from a dogfight turned sour. Finally, obtain the rest of the performance upgrades as they will all collectively increase top speed, turn time, and rate of climb.
Pros and cons
Pros:
- Excellent turn time for a jet fighter
- Good armament
- Very good roll rate
- Fairly responsive at higher speeds
Cons:
- Slow for a jet fighter
- Low ammunition count
- Poor rate of climb
- Poor acceleration
- Lack of armor protection
- Inability to carry a payload
History
Describe the history of the creation and combat usage of the aircraft in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too big, take it to a separate article, taking a link to an article about the vehicle and adding a block "/ historical reference" (example: https://wiki.warthunder.com/Name-vehicles/historical reference) and add a link to it here using the main
template. Be sure to include links to sources at the end of the article.
Media
An excellent addition to the article will be video guides, as well as screenshots from the game and photos.
Read also
Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example,
- reference to the series of the aircraft;
- links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.
Sources
Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:
- topic on the official game forum;
- page on aircraft encyclopedia;
- other literature.
USSR jet aircraft | |
---|---|
Bereznyak-Isayev | BI |
Yakovlev | Yak-15 · Yak-15P · Yak-17 · Yak-23 · Yak-28B · Yak-30D · Yak-38 · Yak-38M · Yak-141 |
Mikoyan-Gurevich | MiG-9 · MiG-9 (l) · MiG-15 · MiG-15bis · MiG-15bis ISh · MiG-17 · MiG-17AS · MiG-19PT |
MiG-21F-13 · MiG-21PFM · MiG-21S (R-13-300) · MiG-21SMT · MiG-21bis | |
MiG-23M · MiG-23ML · MiG-23MLD · MiG-27M · MiG-27K | |
MiG-29 · MiG-29SMT | |
Lavochkin | La-174 · La-15 · La-200 |
Sukhoi | Su-9 · Su-11 |
Su-7B · Su-7BKL · Su-7BMK · Su-17M2 · Su-17M4 · Su-22M3 | |
Su-24M | |
Su-25 · Su-25BM · Su-25K · Su-25T · Su-25SM3 · Su-39 | |
Su-27 · Su-27SM | |
Su-34 | |
Ilyushin | IL-28 · IL-28Sh |
Tupolev | Tu-14T |