M8

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4.5 in M8 rocket diagram.jpg
This page is about the American-made rocket M8. For other uses, see M8 (Disambiguation).

Description

The M8 rocket (scale is approximate)
Side view of an M8 4.75 inch unguided rocket.


The 4.5-inch (114 mm) M8 fin-stabilised rocket is approximately 33 in (0.83 m) in length and 40 lb (18.1 kg) and is almost an equivalent of a 105 mm Shell M1. This rocket utilises an M4 fuse which explodes after a 0.015-sec delay set off by auxiliary M1 booster.

The components of the rocket break down into three separate sections, the fuse, shell and motor body. The shell of the rocket or the head is made up of a warhead body fitted with a burster tube. The burster tube itself extends from the shell through the rocket body and through the rocket motor, the purpose of this is to expand the explosive capability of the rocket by utilising the rocket motor as an additional source of fragmentation in the explosion. Once fired, folding fins around the tail flange will extend and spin-stabilise the rocket.

The M8 rocket requires a tube launcher to launch (as opposed to being installed directly to external hardpoints) and this is accomplished by mounting an M10 cluster launcher to the underside of the aircraft's wings or fuselage belly. The M10 is a cluster of three 10-foot tubes manufactured from plastic (M14s are made from steel and M15s are constructed of magnesium alloy) and are banded together in six places and are secured to the aircraft via two mounting straps, front and rear. The rear strap also bears the electrical connections which link up to the rockets once in the tubes as the firing links. The release and contact mechanisms are protected from flying links and fired casings ejected from the wing guns to prevent accidental damage or drop release of the M10 launcher.

Vehicles equipped with this weapon

Vehicles equipped with this weapon
Fighters 
P-39  P-39N-0 · P-39Q-5
P-47  P-47D-22-RE · ▄Thunderbolt Mk.1 · P-47D-28
P-51D  P-51D-5 · P-51D-10 · ␗P-51D-20 · P-51D-20-NA · P-51D-30 · P-51H-5-NA · ␗P-51K
Twin-engine fighters  P-38G-1 · XP-38G · P-38J-15 · Bong's P-38J-15
Strike aircraft  A-20G-25
Medium tanks  Calliope · M26 T99

General info

A soldier holding an M8 rocket prior to loading in a launch tube.
Rocket characteristics
Mass 17 kg
Maximum speed 260 m/s
Explosive mass 1.95 kg TNTeq
Warhead type HE

Effective damage

After slamming into a target a slight delay will set off the explosive mass of the missile, causing the TNT shell to detonate along with fragmenting the rocket body and motor. Damage is caused by both the high explosive and fragmentation.

Comparison with analogues

Give a comparative description of rockets that have firepower equal to this weapon.

Usage in battles

The M8 rockets are typically mounted on an aircraft in groups of three (usually two launchers of three). The M8 rocket is typically best utilised against personnel, installations and light armoured vehicles due to the fantastic fragmentation of this rocket upon impact and explosion.

Pros and cons

Pros:

  • Lightweight, able to mount on fighter aircraft
  • Can be used against bombers

Cons:

  • Inaccurate, best fired in groups to increase the chance of hitting a target
  • Increases aerodynamic drag, decreasing flight efficiency

History

The American M8 Rocket, known as the "M8 Rocket Launcher," is a significant chapter in the history of World War II artillery. It was developed during the early 1940s to address the need for a versatile and mobile ground-based rocket artillery system. The M8 Rocket Launcher's design featured a truck-mounted launch platform equipped with multiple launch tubes capable of firing 4.5-inch M8 rockets, which were often colloquially referred to as "Calliope" rockets. This system was developed to provide rapid and concentrated firepower on the battlefield.

One of the standout features of the M8 Rocket Launcher was its adaptability. It could be mounted on a variety of vehicles, most notably the Sherman tank, leading to the creation of the "Sherman Calliope." This configuration enabled armored units to deliver devastating indirect fire support while remaining mobile, a significant advantage in dynamic warfare. The M8 rocket system was instrumental in the development of barrage fire tactics, involving the rapid launching of multiple rockets to saturate a specific area with explosive firepower.

The M8 Rocket Launcher had a profound impact on the course of World War II, especially for American and Allied forces. It played a pivotal role in critical campaigns such as the Normandy landings (D-Day), where it provided essential fire support for the assault troops. The sight and sound of M8 rockets firing was not only intimidating but also highly effective in supporting ground forces during the intense combat of World War II. After the war, as military technology advanced, the M8 Rocket Launcher was gradually phased out in favor of more sophisticated rocket artillery systems.

Media

Images

See also

Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:

  • reference to the article about the variant of the weapon;
  • references to approximate analogues by other nations and research trees.

External links


Rockets
USA 
70 mm  FFAR Mighty Mouse · Hydra-70 M247
110 mm  M8
127 mm  HVAR · Zuni Mk32 Mod 0 ATAP
298 mm  Tiny Tim
Germany 
55 mm  R4M
73 mm  RZ.65
88 mm  Pb2
150 mm  Wgr.41 Spr
210 mm  Wfr.Gr.21
USSR 
55 mm  S-5K · S-5KP · S-5M
80 mm  S-8KO · S-8M
82 mm  M-8 · ROS-82 · RBS-82
122 mm  S-13OF
127 mm  S-3K
132 mm  M13 · M-13UK · ROFS-132 · ROS-132 · RBS-132
212 mm  S-1of · S-21
240 mm  S-24 · S-24B
300 mm  M-31
420 mm  S-25O · S-25OF · S-25OFM
425 mm  TT-250
Britain 
51 mm  RP
70 mm  CRV7 M247
80 mm  Type R80 SURA T-80-P 3 · Type R80 SURA T-80-US 3
87 mm  AP Mk I · AP Mk II
152 mm  RP-3
183 mm  Triplex R.P.
292 mm  Uncle Tom · Red Angel
Japan 
100 mm  Type 5 No.1 Mod.9
120 mm  Type 3 No.1 Mod.28 Mk.1
130 mm  Type 75
210 mm  Type 3 No.6 Mod.27 Mk.1 · Type 5 No.6 Mod.9
China 
55 mm  Type 57-1
70 mm  FS70
90 mm  Type 90-1
130 mm  Type 130-2
Italy 
50 mm  ARF/8M3(AP-AT)
France 
68 mm  SNEB type 23 · TDA
70 mm  FZ49
100 mm  TBA ECC · TBA Multi-Dart 100 AB
120 mm  T10 140 · T10 151
Sweden 
75 mm  srak m/55 Frida · srak m/57B
81 mm  Oerlikon Typ 3Z 8Dla
135 mm  m/56D · psrak m/70
145 mm  psrak m/49B · Psrak m/49/56
150 mm  srak m/51
180 mm  hprak m/49
Israel 
80 mm  Flz.-Rakete Oerlikon
127 mm  AR