G.91 R/1

This page is about the Italian jet fighter G.91 R/1. For other versions, see G.91 (Family).

G.91 R/1

G.91 pre-serie

Sagittario 2

360://https://wiki.warthunder.com/images/a/a8/Cockpit_fiat_g91_r1.jpg

G.91 R/1

G.91 pre-serie

Sagittario 2

Italy

V Rank

Battle rating:

AB	RB	SB
8.3	8.7	8.7

Class:

Fighter

Jet fighter

Research:61 000

Purchase:340 000

Show in game

Description

The G.91 R/1 (nicknamed "Gina") is a rank V Italian jet fighter with a battle rating of 8.3 (AB) and 8.7 (RB/SB). It was introduced in Update 1.69 "Regia Aeronautica" along with the initial Italian aviation tree.

A mid 1950s transonic fighter (< Mach 0.98) with ground attack abilities. Very manoeuvrable, but with a light offensive armament makes the G.91 with its young age a difficult starter aircraft into the jet era. Especially as it will fly in fierce competition in the sky, facing every sub- and transonic aircraft and being smack in the middle performance-wise.

There are little changes between the Pre-serie, R/1, R/3 and the R/4 and this guide can be considered universal for all listed aircraft.

General info

Flight performance

Air brakes

Allows you to dramatically reduce the flight speed by releasing special flaps

Drogue parachute

Reduces braking distance when landing on any runway

Max speed

at 0 m1 084 km/h

Turn time26 s

Max altitude11 000 m

EngineBristol Orpheus MK.803

TypeJet

Cooling systemAir

Take-off weight6 t

The G.91 was intended to replace the F-86A Sabre in German, Portuguese and Italian service and it shows. With an empty weight of only 3,100 kg (6,800 lbs) and a takeoff weight of 5,500 kg (12,100 lbs), the Gina is in the same weight class as the P-51D and MiG-9, yet severely lighter than most other jets and losing about one and a half tonnes compared to the Sabre A. Although only outputting a meagre 22 kN of thrust this first look disadvantage is literally outweighed by the high thrust to weight ratio of 0.73 empty (0.41 full). This makes the Gina an excellent dogfighter as jet fighters maintain both their top speed, climb and sustained turn-rate by their engine power rather than other flight characteristics. It can easily reach its own terminal speed (1,011 km/h, 921 ft/s) and self-destruct in level flight.

Lacking in straight wings and leading wing slats the stall speed for the G.91 is quite higher than the low weight lets one assume. One should hence be wary of many older jet types with said features, as after bleeding too much speed they can easily outmanoeuvre the Gina.

Starting with 20 min of fuel, gaining the climb speed of 800 km/h IAS (sustainable @ 7-8°; 730 f/s) takes a mere ~80 seconds with 20 predicated for taking off at 230 km/h or 210 f/s IAS. An Immelmann at 800 km/h will gain 1,000 m and lose 300 km/h. A hard 180° turn at the same speed takes >100 km/h and may lose up to 60 m.

Characteristics	Max Speed (km/h at 0 m - sea level)		Max altitude (metres)	Turn time (seconds)		Rate of climb (metres/second)		Take-off run (metres)
	AB	RB		AB	RB	AB	RB
Stock	1,066	1,042	11000	27.3	27.8	29.8	28.8	850
Upgraded	1,096	1,084		25.1	26.0	49.6	39.0

Details

Features
Combat flaps	Take-off flaps	Landing flaps	Air brakes	Arrestor gear	Drogue chute
✓	✓	✓	✓	X	✓

Limits
Wings (km/h)	Gear (km/h)	Flaps (km/h)			Max Static G
		Combat	Take-off	Landing	+	-
1128	345	589	550	345	~11	~5

Optimal velocities (km/h)
Ailerons	Rudder	Elevators	Radiator
< 800	< 650	< 660	N/A

Engine performance

Engine			Aircraft mass
Engine name		Number	Empty mass		Wing loading (full fuel)
Bristol Orpheus MK.803		1	3,337 kg		281 kg/m2
Engine characteristics			Mass with fuel (no weapons load)				Max Takeoff Weight
Weight (each)	Type		9m fuel	20m fuel	30m fuel	32m fuel
380 kg	Axial-flow turbojet		3,697 kg	4,129 kg	4,522 kg	4,600 kg	5,800 kg
Maximum engine thrust @ 0 m (RB / SB)			Thrust to weight ratio @ 0 m (101%)
Condition	100%	101%	9m fuel	20m fuel	30m fuel	32m fuel	MTOW
Stationary	2,212 kgf	2,234 kgf	0.60	0.54	0.49	0.49	0.39
Optimal	2,212 kgf (0 km/h)	2,234 kgf (0 km/h)	0.60	0.54	0.49	0.49	0.39

Survivability and armour

Crew1 person

Speed of destruction

Structural1 128 km/h

Gear345 km/h

At its rank there is little which cannot hurt the G.91. This is mostly due to the large calibres and fast-firing weapons found in the jet age, although the Gina does not help this issue. The armour is enough to withstand the occasional tank LMG fire but otherwise will only protect the pilot from shrapnel damage. Even though the centerline arrangement of all components proves to be quite survivable in combat, it does NOT lend itself for head-ons or prolonged chases. The former only leads to functional aircraft with a dead pilot and the latter to the reverse, which was in all likelihood the intended design in real life.

• 6.5 mm Steel - Behind, below and in front of the pilot
• 6.5 mm Steel - under central fuel tanks.
• 40 mm bulletproof glass - Armoured windshield
• Critical components located down the midline of aircraft (fuel, pilot, engine, controls)
• Fuel tanks located in the central fuselage.

Modifications and economy

Repair costBasic → Reference

AB3 394 → 4 585

RB9 025 → 12 192

SB10 297 → 13 911

Total cost of modifications101 900

163 000

Talisman cost2 200

Crew training98 000

Experts340 000

Aces1 800

Research Aces780 000

Reward for battleAB / RB / SB

120 / 380 / 600 %

202 / 202 / 202 %

Modifications

Flight performance	Survivability	Weaponry
Fuselage repair Research: 4 100 Cost: 6 600 210 Compressor Research: 4 100 Cost: 6 600 210 Airframe Research: 7 600 Cost: 12 000 390 New boosters Research: 7 600 Cost: 12 000 390 Wings repair Research: 6 400 Cost: 10 000 330 G-suit Research: 6 400 Cost: 10 000 330 Cover Research: 11 000 Cost: 18 000 560 Engine Research: 11 000 Cost: 18 000 560		bmg50_belt_pack Research: 4 100 Cost: 6 600 210 559G1 Research: 4 100 Cost: 6 600 210 Nord AA.20 Research: 4 100 Cost: 6 600 210 SBC-17 Research: 7 600 Cost: 12 000 390 bmg50_new_gun Research: 6 400 Cost: 10 000 330 Nord AS.20 Research: 6 400 Cost: 10 000 330 FFAR Mighty Mouse Research: 11 000 Cost: 18 000 560

A focus should be done on the engine modules, as the G.91 lives by its T/W ratio. New boosters is a double-edged sword, as without the G-Suit one is just blackout earlier. This oddly makes the Bomb unlock a tantalizing choice, especially in already won matches for farming on ground units before the game ends. Airframe and cover do little, the weight savings are very minor and without them, the G.91 can still easily reach top speeds and rip off its wings...

Armaments

Suspended armament

The G.91 R/1 can be outfitted with the following ordnance:

	1	2	3	4
12.7 mm M3 Browning machine guns (300 rpg)		2	2*
500 lb AN-M64A1 bombs	1			1
Aerea 559G1 incendiary bombs	1			1
FFAR Mighty Mouse rockets	19			19
AA-20 Nord missiles	1*			1*
AS-20 Nord missiles	1*			1*
* Missiles cannot be equipped in conjunction with machine guns on hardpoint 3

Default weapon presets

4 x 12.7 mm M3 Browning machine guns (600 rpg = 1,200 total) 4 x 12.7 mm M3 Browning machine guns + 38 x FFAR Mighty Mouse rockets 2 x 12.7 mm M3 Browning machine gun + 2 x AS-20 Nord missiles 2 x 12.7 mm M3 Browning machine gun + 2 x AA-20 Nord missiles 4 x 12.7 mm M3 Browning machine guns + 2 x 500 lb AN-M64A1 bombs (1,000 lb total) 4 x 12.7 mm M3 Browning machine guns + 2 x Aerea 559G1 incendiary bombs

The M3 Browning is a new weapon in the Italian arsenal at this 5th tier and compared to the previous experiences a letdown. The rate of fire is phenomenal, but the small calibre and ammo size put a serious damper to the mood, that is in comparison of course. In practice and with good aim, it can easily shred four fighters. The high bullet velocity and fire rate is quite the advantage in the fast-paced world of jet combat, ensuring hits in deflection shots where the lower rate of fire found in the Soviet jet fighters might have failed the pilot.

Yet one will always look onto greener pastures, especially as the Gina only has four guns unlike all other Browning armed jets. No matter how you turn it, the armament is only manageable with skill and for a beginner outright bad.

The G.91 is a fighter and it shows in the additional payloads. They should only be considered for a quick drop on the way to the combat zone, losing height/speed advantage in doing so, or once aerial dominance has already accomplished. Even then many other jets are way better suited for ground attacks.

The bombs are standard fare and often not worse the hassle with their low total yield. The FFAR rockets are a far better option allowing to tackle more than one target, even though they only work well against soft target and up to medium tanks.

Usage in battles

Air superiority is the combat objective for the G.91 Gina, anything else is secondary. In team games lure enemy fighters into extensive and excessive dogfights to allow your heavier and less nimble allies to Boom and Zoom or Boom and Run them. With their great thrust to weight ratio, the G.91 can maintain their energy superiority and in emergencies (such as non-existent teamplay) to disengage. Alternatively, standard Boom & Zoom is a considerable choice. Again the great acceleration allows for more energy-expensive manoeuvres and still disengage without much worry from the target. Such follies would be deadly in many other fighters, but the Gina is hence quite forgiving. In fact too forgiving, new pilots to the jet age need to lose old habits and the G.91 does not force one's hand. The G.91 can hold its own against several aircraft at once, but won't be able to win such a battle on its own

A few strategies for the G.91 AA-20 Nord Air-to-Air missiles: Use your Nord Air-to-Air missiles in a head-on, where you fire your missile around the 1km mark, leading to the enemy being unable to dodge the missile due to over-commitment, or it leads to them losing the killing shot as you barrel roll out of fire. You can also fire at enemies running away in a straight line, enemies that often fall for this are A-4Es and other variants of the A-4 line. Use these Nord missiles only when your enemy is predictable as aiming these missiles is difficult, aiming of which is lightened with the enormous proximity range, meaning even if you fail to be exact, it will still cause heavy damage. Do not fire missiles on stalling aircraft, unless you're certain you can't gun them down with your .50 cals or you'll stall out before you can kill them, it'll just waste your precious Nords.

Against bombers and ground attack craft the G.91 lacks necessary firepower, the Nords however can compensate for this with their large proximity fuse and manual guidance, if you decide however to use your primary guns, it will drain your ammo severely. The measly protection against defensive fire makes this a dangerous task anyway and should thusly be left for better-equipped allies.

Using the Gina as CAS is somewhat mediocre due to the payload. While being able to mount air-to-ground ordnance, the payload yield is somewhat weak. The FFAR pods and Air-to-Ground AS-20 Nords are the only worthwhile considerations but run against the G.91's intended role of Air Superiority Fighter.

Pros and cons

Pros:

• Low weight, high thrust-to-weight ratio
  • Great turn time for a jet; can give the MiG-15 a run for its money
  • Great acceleration and climb rate
• 4 x M3 machine guns can be deadly if aimed correctly and used in close range

Cons:

• It has a slower speed relative to the jets it will encounter
• Short burst time due to low ammo count
• Limited ground attack abilities
• Bleeds off a lot of speed in a full elevator turn
• Can rip its wings off if you pull full elevator past 800 km/h

History

The first production version of the G.91 was the G.91 R, which was intended for both close support and photo-reconnaissance. The first production aircraft was finished in 1959, and the R/1 entered Italian Air Force service with 14th Gruppe in March 1961. In total 48 of this model would be built, all serving with Italy, while the West Germans used the more powerfully armed R/3 and R/4 variants. These would be followed by another 50 R/1B combat aircraft.

Winner of the 1953 NATO light tactical support aircraft competition, the Fiat "Small Sabre" would be in production for 19 years, with 756 aircraft completed, with the last aircraft produced in 1977. It served in the Italian and West German air forces starting in 1961 and 1962 respectively.

The original competition specifications called for a jet able to carry 450 kg of ordnance with an operational radius of 180 km, assuming 10 minutes over the target, with a maximum speed of at least Mach 0.95 and a takeoff distance of no more than 1,100 m, on unprepared or grass runways. Eight aircraft competed in the first round, including the French Dassault Etendard (then called the Mystere XXVI) and the British Folland Gnat. The Etendard, the G.91 and a Breguet design were selected for the second round beginning in late 1957. Fiat went ahead with pre-production ("pre-serie" in Italian) aircraft, with first flight in August 1956, seven months ahead of its competitors. The crash of the first prototype due to aeroelastic vibrations in February 1957, proved a setback, but the G.91 entered the second round as scheduled and was announced as the winner in January 1958.

Critics said Fiat had just copied the F-86 Sabre, which it was manufactured under license, but these claims seem unwarranted. Operational service evaluations with the Italian air force's 103 Squadron ran from February to July 1959, leading to a West German decision to manufacture the aircraft under license.

Media

Skins

• Skins and camouflages for the G.91 R/1 from live.warthunder.com.

Videos

The Shooting Range #46 - Pages of History section at 05:29 discusses the G.91.

"How to fly the Fiat G.91R/1" - McChickenBites

See also

• F-86A-5 Sabre - combat role predecessor
• La-15 and Yak-30 - similar flight style
• G.91 (Family)

External links

• [WT Forum] Fiat G.91 discussion thread
• [WT Forum] Official data sheet - more details about the performance
• [Wikipedia] Fiat G.91

Fiat Aviation (Fiat Aviazione)
Fighters	CR.32 · CR.32 bis · CR.32 quater
	CR.42 · Marcolin's C.R.42 CN · ▀Marcolin's C.R.42 CN
	G.50 serie 2 · G.50 AS serie 7
	G.55 sottoserie 0 · G.55 serie 1 · G.55S
	G.56
Jet fighters	G.91 pre-serie · G.91 R/1 · G.91 Y · G.91 YS
	▄F-86K*
	▄F-104G* · F-104S* · F-104S.ASA* · ▄F-104S TAF*
Strike aircraft	F.C.20 Bis
Bombers	B.R.20DR · B.R.20M M1
Export/Captured	J11 · ▀CR.42
	▀G.50 serie 2 · ▀G.50 AS serie 7
	◄G.91 R/3 · ◄G.91 R/4 · G.91 R/4
	*Licensed
See also	North American Aviation · Lockheed Martin

Italy jet aircraft
Aerfer	Sagittario 2 · Ariete
Fiat	G.91 pre-serie · G.91 R/1 · G.91 R/4 (Portugal) · G.91 Y · G.91 YS
AMX International	AMX · AMX A-1A (Brazil)
Panavia	Tornado ADV · ▄Tornado IDS · ▄Tornado IDS (1995)
	Foreign:
Vampire	Vampire FB 52A
F-84	▄F-84F · ▄F-84G-21-RE
F-86	CL-13 Mk.4 · ▄F-86K
F-104	▄F-104G · F-104S · ▄F-104S TAF (Turkey) · F-104S.ASA
F-16	▄F-16A ADF
AV-8	▄AV-8B Plus
Hungary
Mikoyan-Gurevich	◔MiG-15bis · ◔MiG-17PF · ◔MiG-21MF · ◔MiG-21bis-SAU · ◔MiG-23MF · ◔MiG-29
Ilyushin	◔IL-28
Sukhoi	◔Su-22M3
Saab	◔JAS39EBS HU C