Difference between revisions of "BESA (7.92 mm)"

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== Description ==
 
== Description ==
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The '''BESA machine gun''' is a British 7.92mm machine gun, it is a license built variant of the Czechoslovakian ZB-53 machine gun. The BESA was the British Army's standard tank-mounted machine gun from the start of WW2, until the 1950s, being withdrawn from service in the late 1960s. As such in game it is by far the most ubiquitous machine gun in the British ground forces tree, featuring as the co-axial weapon or commands weapon for most tanks from rank 1 to rank 4. Being only a 7.7mm machine gun it is largely ineffective against all but the most weakly armoured, or open cabin, vehicles.
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The '''BESA machine gun''' is a British 7.92 mm machine gun, it is a license-built variant of the Czechoslovakian ZB-53 machine gun. The BESA was the British Army's standard tank-mounted machine gun from the start of WW2, until the 1950s, being withdrawn from service in the late 1960s. As such in the game it is by far the most ubiquitous machine gun in the British ground forces tree, featuring as the co-axial weapon or commands weapon for most tanks from rank 1 to rank 4. Being only a 7.7 mm machine gun, it is largely ineffective against all but the most weakly armoured, or open cabin, vehicles.
  
 
=== Vehicles equipped with this weapon ===
 
=== Vehicles equipped with this weapon ===
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=== Available shells ===
 
=== Available shells ===
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<!-- Describe the shells that are available for the cannon and their features and purpose. If it concerns autocannons or machine guns, so write about different ammo belts and what is inside (which types of shells). -->
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When fitted as a secondary machine gun (usually co-axially) the BESA can only be equipped with one ammo belt consisting of two Armour Piercing Incendiary (AP-I) bullets, followed by one Armour Piercing Tracer (AP-T) bullet. Neither bullet has much penetration (10mm - 13mm), however the AP-T bullet performs slightly better than the AP-I bullet.
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When fitted as a secondary machine gun (usually co-axially) the BESA can only be equipped with one ammo belt consisting of two Armour Piercing Incendiary (AP-I) bullets, followed by one Armour Piercing Tracer (AP-T) bullet. Neither bullet has much penetration (10 mm - 13 mm). However, the AP-T bullet performs slightly better than the AP-I bullet.
  
 
When fitted as the primary armament on the [[Mk.VIA AA]] the BESA gains several different belts. These are:
 
When fitted as the primary armament on the [[Mk.VIA AA]] the BESA gains several different belts. These are:
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== Usage in the battles ==
 
== Usage in the battles ==
 
<!-- Describe the cannon/machine gun in the game - its distinctive features, tactics of usage against the main opponents. Please don't write a "guide" - do not impose a single point of view, but give the reader food for thought. -->
 
<!-- Describe the cannon/machine gun in the game - its distinctive features, tactics of usage against the main opponents. Please don't write a "guide" - do not impose a single point of view, but give the reader food for thought. -->
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Due to the low penetration this weapon it is largely ineffective against enemy armour (although you may be able to penetrate some vehicles with extremely thing armour). The gun is primarily useful for killing exposed crew members in open topped vehicles, and SPAA, which can be fairly common at some places in the wide the range battle ratings this gun is found at. The gun can also be used for ranging, as well as marking enemy vehicles and obscuring the view of enemy players (shooting at their gun sight). You can use the gun against aircraft however it does minimal damage, and is usually co-axially mounted, making hitting aircraft difficult.
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Due to the low penetration this weapon it is largely ineffective against enemy armour (although you may be able to penetrate some vehicles with extremely thing armour). The gun is primarily useful for killing exposed crew members in open-topped vehicles, and SPAA, which can be fairly common at some places in the wide the range battle ratings this gun is found at. Another function for this gun is rangefinding, as well as marking enemy vehicles and obscuring the view of enemy players (shooting at their gun sight). You can use the gun against aircraft however it does minimal damage and is usually co-axially mounted, making hitting aircraft difficult.
  
 
=== Pros and cons ===
 
=== Pros and cons ===
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'''Pros:'''
 
'''Pros:'''
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== Historical part ==
 
== Historical part ==
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<!-- Examine the history of the creation and combat usage of this weapon. If the historical reference turns out to be a big one, take it into a separate article and add a link to it by using the "main" template. In the end be sure to include references to sources. -->
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The BESA machine gun it is a license built variant of the Czechoslovakian ZB-53 machine gun. The British War Office ordered the weapon in 1938, and production began in 1939. In the UK the gun was produced by the Birmingham Small Arms Company the initialism of which (BSA) gae the gun it's name. The ZB-53 had been designed to use the German 7.92×57mm Mauser round, and the British originally intended to modify it in order to use the same .303 (7.7mm) ammunition as other British rifles and machine guns; however it was later decided that converting the gun would take more time and effort than maintaining the original calibre and procuring the 7.92mm ammunition. A side effect of this was that the British were able to utilise captured German 7.92mm ammunition.
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The BESA machine gun it is a license-built variant of the Czechoslovakian ZB-53 machine gun. The British War Office ordered the weapon in 1938, and production began in 1939. In the UK the gun was produced by the Birmingham Small Arms Company the initialism of which (BSA) gave the gun its name. The ZB-53 had been designed to use the German 7.92 × 57 mm Mauser round, and the British originally intended to modify it in order to use the same .303 (7.7 mm) ammunition as other British rifles and machine guns; however it was later decided that converting the gun would take more time and effort than maintaining the original calibre and procuring the 7.92 mm ammunition. A side effect of this was that the British were able to utilise captured German 7.92 mm ammunition.
  
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The from 1939 the BESA machine gun became the standard British machine gun for tanks and other armoured vehicles (hence it's widespread presence in the British tank tree), replacing the [[Vickers (7.7 mm)|Vickers Machine Gun]]. In June 1940 the improved BESA Mk II became available, featuring a selector to allow the operator to choose between a higher rate of fire for close combat or focused targets and a lower rate of fire for long-range combat or area targets. Several subsequent models were produced. The early models of the BESA were deemed obsolete in 1951, with later model guns remaining in service until the late 1960s.
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The from 1939 the BESA machine gun became the standard British machine gun for tanks and other armoured vehicles (hence the widespread presence in the British tank tree), replacing the [[Vickers (7.7 mm)|Vickers Machine Gun]]. In June 1940 the improved BESA Mk II became available, featuring a selector to allow the operator to choose between a higher rate of fire for close combat or focused targets and a lower rate of fire for long-range combat or area targets. Production continues utilising several subsequent models. The early models of the BESA were deemed obsolete in 1951, with later model guns remaining in service until the late 1960s.
  
 
== Media ==
 
== Media ==
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== Sources ==<!-- Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:
 
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topic on the official game forum
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the topic on the official game forum
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other literature
 
other literature
 
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Revision as of 03:51, 11 February 2019

Description

The BESA machine gun is a British 7.92 mm machine gun, it is a license-built variant of the Czechoslovakian ZB-53 machine gun. The BESA was the British Army's standard tank-mounted machine gun from the start of WW2, until the 1950s, being withdrawn from service in the late 1960s. As such in the game it is by far the most ubiquitous machine gun in the British ground forces tree, featuring as the co-axial weapon or commands weapon for most tanks from rank 1 to rank 4. Being only a 7.7 mm machine gun, it is largely ineffective against all but the most weakly armoured, or open cabin, vehicles.

Vehicles equipped with this weapon

The BESA machine gun is fitted as the co-axial (and sometimes commander's) weapon on nearly every British tank from rank 1 to rank 4.

The Mk.VIA AA is the only British tank to use the weapon as it's primary armament.

General info

The BESA machine gun performs slightly better than other British co-axial machine guns, with the same rate of fire as guns like the L3A1 (7.62 mm) and L8A1 (7.62 mm), but marginally better penetration.

Available shells

When fitted as a secondary machine gun (usually co-axially) the BESA can only be equipped with one ammo belt consisting of two Armour Piercing Incendiary (AP-I) bullets, followed by one Armour Piercing Tracer (AP-T) bullet. Neither bullet has much penetration (10 mm - 13 mm). However, the AP-T bullet performs slightly better than the AP-I bullet.

When fitted as the primary armament on the Mk.VIA AA the BESA gains several different belts. These are:

  • Default: Ball - Tracer (T) - Incendiary Tracer (IT)
  • Universal: Armour Piercing (AP) - Tracer (T) - Incendiary Tracer (IT) - Ball
  • API-T: Incendiary Tracer (IT) - Incendiary Tracer (IT) - Armour Piercing (AP) - Tracer (T)
  • AP-T: Armour Piercing (AP) - Armour Piercing (AP) - Incendiary Tracer (IT) - Tracer (T)
Penetration statistics
Ammunition Penetration in mm @ 90°
10m 100m 500m 1,000m 1,450m 1,500m 2,000m 2,500m
AP-I 10 9 7 4 1 0 N/A N/A
AP-T 13 12 7 2 N/A 1 N/A N/A
Anti-Aircraft version on Mk.VIA AA
ball 8 7 5 3 N/A 2 2 1
T 8 7 5 3 N/A 2 2 1
IT 3.5 3.3 3.2 3.0 0.1 0 N/A N/A
AP 13 11 9 7 N/A 4 2 1
Shell details
Ammunition Velocity
in m/s 		Projectile
Mass in kg 		Fuse delay

in m:

Fuse sensitivity

in mm:

Explosive Mass in g
(TNT equivalent): 		Normalization At 30°
from horizontal: 		Ricochet:
0% 50% 100%
AP-I 880 0.0102 N/A N/A N/A  ??°  ??°  ??°  ??°
AP-T 905 0.0100 N/A N/A N/A  ??°  ??°  ??°  ??°
Anti-Aircraft version on Mk.VIA AA
ball 847 0.0120 N/A N/A N/A  ??°  ??°  ??°  ??°
T 847 0.0100 N/A N/A N/A  ??°  ??°  ??°  ??°
IT 771 0.0079 N/A N/A N/A  ??°  ??°  ??°  ??°
AP 783 0.0110 N/A N/A N/A  ??°  ??°  ??°  ??°

Comparison with analogues

The BESA performs favourably to the L3A1, L8A1, and L8A2 found on later British tanks. It has the same rate of fire as these weapons but better penetration. It has slightly lower rate of fire than the L37A1 and L37A2, but slightly higher penetration.

Usage in the battles

Due to the low penetration this weapon it is largely ineffective against enemy armour (although you may be able to penetrate some vehicles with extremely thing armour). The gun is primarily useful for killing exposed crew members in open-topped vehicles, and SPAA, which can be fairly common at some places in the wide the range battle ratings this gun is found at. Another function for this gun is rangefinding, as well as marking enemy vehicles and obscuring the view of enemy players (shooting at their gun sight). You can use the gun against aircraft however it does minimal damage and is usually co-axially mounted, making hitting aircraft difficult.

Pros and cons

Pros:

  • Better penetration than other co-axial machine guns found on British tanks
  • Decent rate of fire
  • No particularity weak shells in ammo belt unlike other co-axial machine guns

Cons:

  • Low penetration
  • Low damage
  • Lower rate of fire than L37A1 and L37A2

Historical part

The BESA machine gun it is a license-built variant of the Czechoslovakian ZB-53 machine gun. The British War Office ordered the weapon in 1938, and production began in 1939. In the UK the gun was produced by the Birmingham Small Arms Company the initialism of which (BSA) gave the gun its name. The ZB-53 had been designed to use the German 7.92 × 57 mm Mauser round, and the British originally intended to modify it in order to use the same .303 (7.7 mm) ammunition as other British rifles and machine guns; however it was later decided that converting the gun would take more time and effort than maintaining the original calibre and procuring the 7.92 mm ammunition. A side effect of this was that the British were able to utilise captured German 7.92 mm ammunition.

The from 1939 the BESA machine gun became the standard British machine gun for tanks and other armoured vehicles (hence the widespread presence in the British tank tree), replacing the Vickers Machine Gun. In June 1940 the improved BESA Mk II became available, featuring a selector to allow the operator to choose between a higher rate of fire for close combat or focused targets and a lower rate of fire for long-range combat or area targets. Production continues utilising several subsequent models. The early models of the BESA were deemed obsolete in 1951, with later model guns remaining in service until the late 1960s.

Media

An excellent addition to the article would be a video guide, as well as screenshots from the game and photos.

Read also

Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example,

  • reference to the article about the variant of the cannon/machine gun;
  • references to approximate analogues by other nations and research trees.

ETC.

Sources


Tank machine guns
USA 
7.62 mm  M37 · M60D · M73 · M240 · M1919A4 · Mk.52
12.7 mm  FN M3P · M2HB · M80 · M85
Germany 
5.56 mm  MG4
7.62 mm  C6 · MG3A1
7.92 mm  MG13 Dreyse · MG34 · MG37(t) · MG42
12.7 mm  S.MG.50
USSR 
7.62 mm  DT · PKMB · PKT · PKTM · RP-46 · SGMT
12.7 mm  DK · DShK · 6P49 · NSVT
14.5 mm  KPVT
Britain 
7.62 mm  Browning MG4 · L3A1 · L8A1 · L8A2 · L37A1 · L37A2 · L94A1
7.7 mm  Vickers
7.92 mm  BESA
12.7 mm  L21A1
Japan 
6.5 mm  Type 91
7.62 mm  Type 74
7.7 mm  Type 97
12.7 mm  Type 60 (B)
China 
5.8 mm  QJT
7.62 mm  Type 55 · Type 59 · Type 86
12.7 mm  QJC88A · Type 54
14.5 mm  QJG02
Italy 
7.62 mm  Beretta MG42/59 · FN MAG 60-40
8 mm  34/40M · Breda Mod. 38
13.2 mm  Breda Model 31
France 
7.5 mm  AAT-52 · MAC 31
7.62 mm  A-A-F1N
8 mm  Hotchkiss Mle 1914
Sweden 
6.5 mm  ksp m/14-29
7.62 mm  ksp 39 C · ksp 58 · ksp 94
8 mm  ksp m/36 · ksp m/39B
12.7 mm  ksp 88

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