M22

M22

LVT(A)(1)

M6A1

M22

LVT(A)(1)

M6A1

USA

I Rank

Battle rating:

AB	RB	SB
1.7	2.0	2.0

Class:

Light tank

Research:4 000

Purchase:2 100

Show in game

Description

The Light Tank M22 Locust is a rank I American light tank with a battle rating of 1.7 (AB) and 2.0 (RB/SB). It was one of the first American tanks to be released with the American ground tree in Update 1.45 "Steel Generals". One of the tiniest tanks in the game, the Locust is able to manoeuvre some of the smaller areas on the battlefield to get a clean shot on an opponent.

General info

Survivability and armour

Armourfront / side / back

Hull25 / 12 / 12

Turret25 / 25 / 25

Crew3 people

Visibility62 %

Outside of heavy machine guns and autocannon rounds firing at a bad angle-of-attack, the M22's armour offers very little ballistic protection against the standard kinetic shells encountered. With only three men in the tank clumped together around the center, a single penetrating shot through the center is bound to knock out two or more crew member and leave the tank immobile or incapacitated.

Aircraft coming in at certain angles can possess the necessary penetration values to utterly shred apart the Locust, especially the thin roof armour of 9.5 mm at the turret and hull. However, an oblique angle towards the front armour is already enough to get through the sloped 12.7 mm armour plate present.

Armour type:

• Rolled homogeneous armour
• Cast homogeneous armour (Gun mantlet)

Armour	Front (Slope angle)	Sides	Rear	Roof
Hull	12.7 mm (64-65°) Front glacis 25.4 mm (7-62°) Lower glacis 25.4 mm (9-85°) Driver's port	9.5 mm (34-51°) Top 12.7 mm Bottom	12.7 mm (11-15°) Lower 12.7 mm +9 mm Upper	9.5 mm
Turret	25.4 mm (25-36°) Turret front 25.4 mm (22-53°) Gun mantlet	25.4 mm (3-6°)	25.4 mm	9.5 mm

Notes:

• Suspension wheels are 15 mm thick, the bogies and tracks are 10 mm thick.
• Belly armour is 12.7 mm thick.

Mobility

Speedforward / back

AB63 / 12 km/h

RB and SB57 / 11 km/h

Number of gears4 forward

1 back

Weight7.4 t

Engine power

AB366 hp

RB and SB192 hp

Power-to-weight ratio

AB49.5 hp/t

RB and SB25.9 hp/t

Game Mode	Max Speed (km/h)		Weight (tons)	Engine power (horsepower)		Power-to-weight ratio (hp/ton)
	Forward	Reverse		Stock	Upgraded	Stock	Upgraded
Arcade	63	12	7.4	297	366	40.14	49.46
Realistic	57	11		170	192	22.97	25.95

Aside from its small size, the M22's next famous value is its speed as a light tank. This allows the light tank to zip across the battlefield, possible getting to locations that can annoy enemies like a locust.

In Arcade Battles, be wary of going too fast with the enhanced engine power, especially on paved roads, as it could put the M22 in a speed the transmission would not be able to steer properly without "snaking" the tank. Another worst case scenario is running full speed into an immovable object, which can disable certain components or even flat out knock out the tank.

Modifications and economy

Repair costBasic → Reference

AB179 → 230

RB198 → 254

SB252 → 324

Total cost of modifications4 430

2 670

Talisman cost300

Crew training600

Experts2 100

Aces45

Research Aces110 000

Reward for battleAB / RB / SB

10 / 20 / 20 %

100 / 100 / 100 %

Modifications

Mobility	Protection	Firepower
Tracks Research: 220 Cost: 135 45 Suspension Research: 250 Cost: 150 50 Brake System Research: 250 Cost: 150 50 Filters Research: 370 Cost: 220 75 Transmission Research: 480 Cost: 290 100 Engine Research: 480 Cost: 290 100	Improved Parts Research: 220 Cost: 135 45 Improved FPE Research: 250 Cost: 150 50 Crew Replenishment Research: 370 Cost: 220 75	Horizontal Drive Research: 220 Cost: 135 45 37mm_usa_m3_APC_ammo_pack Research: 220 Cost: 135 45 Adjustment of Fire Research: 250 Cost: 150 50 Elevation Mechanism Research: 370 Cost: 220 75 Artillery Support Research: 480 Cost: 290 100

Armaments

Main armament

37 mm M6 cannon

Ammunition50 rounds

Reloadbasic crew → aces

3.7 → 2.9 s

Vertical guidance-10° / 30°

37 mm M6					Turret rotation speed (°/s)					Reloading rate (seconds)
Mode	Capacity	Vertical	Horizontal	Stabilizer	Stock	Upgraded	Full	Expert	Aced	Stock	Full	Expert	Aced
Arcade	50	-10°/+30°	±180°	N/A	19.5	27.0	32.8	36.3	38.6	3.77	3.33	3.07	2.90
Realistic					12.2	14.4	17.4	19.3	20.5

Ammunition

Penetration statistics
Ammunition	Type of warhead	Penetration @ 0° Angle of Attack (mm)
		10 m	100 m	500 m	1,000 m	1,500 m	2,000 m
M74B1	AP	79	76	65	54	45	37
M63 Shell	HE	3	3	3	3	3	3
M51B1/B2	APCBC	87	84	73	60	50	41

Shell details
Ammunition	Type of warhead	Velocity (m/s)	Projectile Mass (kg)	Fuse delay (m)	Fuse sensitivity (mm)	Explosive Mass (TNT equivalent) (g)	Ricochet
							0%	50%	100%
M74B1	AP	883	0.87	N/A	N/A	N/A	47°	60°	65°
M63 Shell	HE	807	0.73	0.0	0.1	38	79°	80°	81°
M51B1/B2	APCBC	883	0.87	N/A	N/A	N/A	48°	63°	71°

Ammo racks

Ammo racks of the M22

Full ammo	1st rack empty	2nd rack empty	3rd rack empty	Visual discrepancy
50	39 (+11)	25 (+25)	1 (+49)	No

Note:

• Racks disappear after you've fired all shells in the rack.

Machine guns

7.62 mm M1919A4 machine gun (coaxial)

Ammunition2 500 rounds

Belt capacity250 rounds

Reloadbasic crew → aces

10.4 → 8.0 s

Fire rate500 shots/min

7.62 mm M1919A4
Coaxial mount
Capacity (Belt capacity)				Fire rate (shots/minute)	Vertical guidance	Horizontal guidance
3,000 (250)				500	N/A	N/A

Usage in battles

Perhaps the best word to describe this tank is -- tiny -- it really is, no other tank is as small as the Locust (save the ASU-57). This is a pro and a con, which we will cover in a second. The Locust is a light tank and thus is never really meant to go up against other tanks in the game. This severely limits the opponents you are able to face against "fairly" in this tank as your small size also means the crew is compacted into a small area and a crew knockout is very easy to do onto you, so in order to beat the odds, some trickery has to be put into play...

Run and Gun

The Locust is really fast (although it might be hard to handle at its max speed), use this to your advantage to get to favorable positions or the flanks of the enemy. The tiny size of the tank helps by presenting a smaller target to the enemy and allows the usage of smaller cover that could not be typically used by an average tank of the rank. With fast maneuvering and sneaky movements across terrains, you can cross the battlefield quickly and carry out sharp strikes against the enemy. A skilled player can swiftly move from one capture point to another, destroy any opposition there, and capture the point.

Get in Close

The riskier tactic, which would work if done well, is to just get right up onto the enemy tank. Again the Locust is tiny and this could make you easier to be knocked out, but that also means you can exploit some of the other tanks weaknesses, like their gun depression. Get up right on that tank, point blank on the sides, you will find that some enemies will not be able to even move their gun down to hit you if you stay close to them. Also remember that you have an impressive fire rate of about 3 seconds. Use this advantage to find weak points on their side or rear armour and score a subsequent knockout. However, you must be careful as sometimes the enemy tank may move in a way that forces you into their crosshairs or their allies shoot you as you are attacking.

Pros and cons

Pros:

• Enormous hp/ton ratio, allowing fast acceleration
• Great speeds across flat terrain
• Extremely low profile; tanks without a lot of gun depression can't shoot at you at close range
• Locust is shorter than the hulls of many tanks, so many opponents may not even be able to aim at the Locust if it's close enough
• The gun has no trouble penetrating tanks at its BR range
• Easy to turn a complete 180° at low speed and at a stop

Cons:

• High acceleration and speed make tank handling rather difficult unless familiar with specs
• Handling becomes sluggish at higher speeds, noticeably in 3_rd Gear
• Small crew of 3 confined in tiny space, no spare crew members to take over incapacitated ones, a penetrating shot can take out two of them easily
• Weak armour; will only stop 12.7 mm rounds, and sometimes not even
• Due to its low suspension, it may get stuck in the soft or uneven ground
• Strange driving issue, in arcade mode, that causes the Locust to shudder, wobble, and not accelerate at a constant rate
• Doesn't have explosive filler for the 37 mm shells

History

Development

The development of this tank began in late 1941 as a request from the British military for an airmobile light tank that could travel on a glider. The British airborne forces used gliders as a mean to transport troops and equipment, and by 1941 the gliders were rated to be able to carry a tank weighing about 5.5 tons in a 300 to 350-mile flight. The British had a light tank design, the Mk. VII Tetrarch, but it was not built for the focus of airborne operations so the request was made for a purely-built airborne light tank to replace the Tetrarch, and for the tank to be made not in Britain due to constraints in industrial capacity.

The request to the Americans called for a tank weighing between 9-10 tons with a 37 mm cannon and a coaxial machine gun with a crew of three. The tank was to have a maximum speed of 64 km/h (40 mph) and could operate in a 320 km radius (200 miles). The turret and front armour thickness were to be between 40-50 mm and the sides 30 mm thick. US Ordnance Department requested three companies, General Motors, J. Walter Christie, and Marmon-Herrington to design a suitable tank, of which the Marmon-Herrington design was accepted. The design was made into a prototype in late 1941 and was designated the Light Tank T9. This design had a crew of three and weighed 7.4 tons, with a 37 mm gun and coaxial machine gun, plus two more machine guns on the right side of the bow. The turret was powered and had a gun stabilizer. The tank was powered by a 162 hp six-cylinder Lycoming engine and the armour thickness was 12.5 mm on the entire hull side of the tank while the sloped area on the sides of the hull was 9.5 mm thick. The tank could go up to 40 mph (64 km/h) with the engine. The T9 was built to be mounted on a Douglas C-54 Skymaster plane, but it could still fit into a glider due to its dimensions and weight. The tank underwent a few changes, such as improvement in the tank suspension and removal of the two machine guns on the bow, the gun stabilizer, and the power traverse on the turret to reduce the weight. The result was designated the Light Tank T9E1. Production was meant to start somewhere in 1942, but issues in the design change and factories caused the production to be delayed until April 1943. The tanks were produced from then until 1945, with a total unit of 830.

The tank was specified the Light Tank M22 at some time in 1943, but this classified it as a "limited standard" equipment due to some faults discovered. Testings showed that loading the M22 tank on a C-54 plane required lots of time and complex equipment, plus the plane had to be landed on an airfield to be unloaded. The durability and reliability of the M22 were also brought into question, concerned that these factors would make it unsuitable for airborne operations and that the design was effectively obsolete. The M22 never saw service in American combat units except for training, and even with the establishment of two units with the M22s, they saw no combat due to America's lack of investment in airborne tanks. The British on the other hand believed that the M22 would be adequate at its role so adopted it as the Locust , giving the name Light Tank M22 Locust to the tank.

Combat usage

The British usage in World War II had the airborne light tanks used in 1st and 6th Airborne Division as the Light Tank 'C' Squadron. Although the M22 Locust started replacing the Tetrarch before the initiation of Operation Overlord, the Tetrarch was still used until October 1944, when a restructuring retired all Tetrarch and replaced them with Locusts. The 6th Airborne Division was involved in Operation Varsity in 1945, where eight Locusts were loaded onto Hamilcar gliders and flown to the battlefield on March 24. Of the eight Locusts sent, six landed intact, but two never reached their rendezvous point due to enemy action or mechanical breakdown. Of the four remaining Locusts, only two were undamaged at the rendezvous point. The tanks were deployed at a fortified area, where they engage German troops while being supported by an infantry company, the Locusts were forced to withdraw after the heavy losses in infantry denied them support. The four tanks and what is left of the infantry were finally relieved by the 44th Royal Tank Regiment and the rest of the 6th Airborne Division. Operation Varsity was the only operation the Locust would ever see action in World War II.

The M22 Locust, while serving rather well as an airborne tank, was reported to be obsolete by January 1946 by the War Office in Britain. New designs were to take over the Locust's role in the airborne formations. What's left of the Locusts in British inventory were given to foreign militaries. Belgium used some as command tanks in their armoured regiments. America received a few tanks back which was converted into agricultural tractors. Egypt used the Locusts in a large number to replace their ageing tank models from the interwar period, these saw service in the 1948 Arab-Israeli War.

Today, sixteen M22 Locusts are known to have survived, though many have replica turrets. Of the batch, only three are known to be in running condition.

In-game description

"In 1941 an airmobile light tank designated the T9 entered development, with three major companies assigned the project: Christie, GMC, and Marmon-Herrington. The design provided by Marmon-Herrington proved the winner, as it satisfied practically every client requirement. Trials of the new tank began in the fall of 1941, and in November 1942 the third T9E2 pre-production prototype was built.

Production began in March 1943 and continued through February 1944. Marmon-Herrington assembled and delivered over the space of that year 830 of the 1,800 tanks ordered. The first 26 had a box-shaped compartment for the driver, though it was removed for subsequent models. The frontal plate was then made from a single piece.

The tank was designated the M22 beginning September 1944, though the lack of heavy transport planes in the American army kept it out of the war.

The UK acquired 260 M22s via Lend-Lease, referring to them as Locusts. The British liked the tank thanks to its good mobility, small size, and reasonable weight. Its weak armament and armor, which was no thicker than 25 mm, were considered drawbacks. Some 37 mm cannons were equipped with Littlejohn adaptors, which were designed to boost initial velocity with special shells.

The M22 only saw combat in 1945. Its biggest battle was Operation Varsity, when 12 tanks were flown in using Hamilcar gliders on March 22, 1945. Some M22s may have taken part in the 1944 Normandy invasion."

Media

Skins

• Skins and camouflages for the M22 from live.warthunder.com.

Videos

Airmobile tanks discusses the M22 at 2:43 - War Thunder Official Channel

See also

Vehicles equipped with the same gun

• M3 Stuart (Family)
• M5 Stuart (Family)
• M8 Greyhound (Family)

Other vehicles of similar configuration and role

• Tetrarch Mk I

External links

• Surviving M22 Locusts (PDF)

Marmon-Herrington
Vehicles for US Army
Light tanks	M22 Locust
Vehicles for export
Wheeled vehicles	SARC MkVI (2pdr)  · SARC MkVI (6pdr)
Notes:	M22 Locust was designed by America for the US Army and British Army