Difference between revisions of "P1Y1 mod. 11"

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{{Specs-Card|code=p1y1_mod11}}
 
 
{{About
 
{{About
 
| about = Japanese dive bomber '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
 
| about = Japanese dive bomber '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
−
| usage = other variant
+
| usage = the Chinese version
 
| link = P1Y1 mod. 11 (China)
 
| link = P1Y1 mod. 11 (China)
 +
}}
 +
{{Specs-Card
 +
|code=p1y1_mod11
 +
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg|ArtImage_{{PAGENAME}}.png}}
 
}}
 
}}
  
 
== Description ==
 
== Description ==
 
<!-- ''In the description, the first part should be about the history of and the creation and combat usage of the aircraft, as well as its key features. In the second part, tell the reader about the aircraft in the game. Insert a screenshot of the vehicle, so that if the novice player does not remember the vehicle by name, he will immediately understand what kind of vehicle the article is talking about.'' -->
 
<!-- ''In the description, the first part should be about the history of and the creation and combat usage of the aircraft, as well as its key features. In the second part, tell the reader about the aircraft in the game. Insert a screenshot of the vehicle, so that if the novice player does not remember the vehicle by name, he will immediately understand what kind of vehicle the article is talking about.'' -->
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[[File:GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg|420px|thumb|left]]
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The '''P1Y1 mod.11''', designated as the '''Ginga 11 ({{Annotation|銀河一一型|Galaxy, Model 11}})''', was a land-based long-range (dive-)bomber that was requested by the Japanese Navy after learning of the successes in the European theatres and out of their own experience with their own Type 96 G3Ms (and later Type 1 [[G4M1|G4M]]s) attack bombers lacking the ability to commit dive bombing actions. Initial development began by examining a purchased [[Ju 88 (Family)|Ju 88 A]] with little real valuable lessons being drawn from the Ju 88 and development continued, with the last prototypes being rushed to be used in service production due to the lengthy development time and deterioration of the war situation. This resulted in a late-war multirole high-speed bomber that was troubled with maintenance and overall production numbers.
−
{{Break}}
+
 
−
The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} Japanese dive bomber {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.63 "Desert Hunters"]].
+
The Ginga was introduced in [[Update 1.63 "Desert Hunters"]]. This bomber is one of the fastest at its battle rating and plays like the German [[Ju 288 C]] and [[Ar 234 B-2]]. The main strategy is to dive, release bombs, escape, and repeat. The P1Y1 can reach over 675 km/h (400 mph) in a dive, which outruns most fighters. However, the P1Y1 is also very fragile, with weak defensive guns and no turrets on the underside. This makes it vulnerable to attacks from below and to fighters that can catch up with it. The P1Y1 needs to rely on its speed and agility to evade enemies or seek friendly cover or the home base. If a heavier plane is chasing it, the P1Y1 can usually outturn it and make it lose energy and retreat. If a plane is behind its rear gunner, the gunner can fire and force the enemy to dodge and lose aim.
 +
 
 +
;Nicknames
 +
* [[Abbreviations#.28IJN.29_Official_name_designation|Official Designation]]: ''銀河 (Ginga, "Galaxy")''
 +
* Allied reporting name: ''Frances''.
 +
** Initially incorrectly reported as a fighter: ''Francis''
  
 
== General info ==
 
== General info ==
 
=== Flight performance ===
 
=== Flight performance ===
−
''Describe how the aircraft behaves in the air. Speed, manoeuvrability, acceleration and allowable loads - these are the most important characteristics of the vehicle.''
+
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}
 +
<!-- ''Describe how the aircraft behaves in the air. Speed, manoeuvrability, acceleration and allowable loads - these are the most important characteristics of the vehicle.'' -->
 +
[[File:P1Y1 (1).png|thumb|left|350px|{{PAGENAME}} dropping a torpedo as it speeds towards the target]]
 +
The P1Y1 is a highly agile and fast aircraft. It can make sharp turns and can pull out of a dive quickly with the use of airbrakes. The airbrakes on this plane are extremely effective, but they take five seconds to deploy, so keep that in mind. The P1Y1 can also turn extremely well, although its roll rate is rather poor. The plane has good elevator authority, meaning it will be able to pull up very quickly. This is good for ground battles or naval battles. The performance of the P1Y1 is excellent. There is only one small flaw, and that is the P1Y1 locks up at redline speeds, so make sure to use those airbrakes!
  
 
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
 
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
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|-
 
|-
 
! Stock
 
! Stock
−
| 522 || 504 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 26.9 || 27.5 || 6.5 || 6.5 || rowspan="2" | 720
+
| 523 || 506 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 26.9 || 27.5 || 6.5 || 6.5 || rowspan="2" | 720
 
|-
 
|-
 
! Upgraded
 
! Upgraded
−
| ___ || ___ || __._ || __._ || __._ || __._
+
| 573 || 546 || 25.7 || 26.0 || 15.2 || 10.2
 
|-
 
|-
 
|}
 
|}
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! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
 
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -
 
|-
 
|-
−
| {{Specs|destruction|body}} || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || 450 || 450 || 275 || ~6 || ~3
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| {{Specs|destruction|body}} || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || 431 || 405 || 275 || ~6 || ~3
 
|-
 
|-
 
|}
 
|}
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=== Survivability and armour ===
 
=== Survivability and armour ===
 +
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}
 
<!-- ''Examine the survivability of the aircraft. Note how vulnerable the structure is and how secure the pilot is, whether the fuel tanks are armoured, etc. Describe the armour, if there is any, and also mention the vulnerability of other critical aircraft systems.'' -->
 
<!-- ''Examine the survivability of the aircraft. Note how vulnerable the structure is and how secure the pilot is, whether the fuel tanks are armoured, etc. Describe the armour, if there is any, and also mention the vulnerability of other critical aircraft systems.'' -->
 +
 
* 7 mm Steel plate behind the pilot
 
* 7 mm Steel plate behind the pilot
 +
* Self-sealing fuel tanks
 +
 +
The armour won't protect you, and fires are quite lethal, the self sealing fuel tanks don't always work. As usual, stay away from 50 cals!
 +
 +
=== Modifications and economy ===
 +
{{Specs-Economy}}
 +
 +
The stock payload for the Ginga is poor, so rush all payload modules. The torpedo will be useful on Pacific maps to target destroyers. However, if cargo ships or pillboxes are present, the 500 kg bombs are your best bet.
  
 
== Armaments ==
 
== Armaments ==
 +
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}
 +
[[File:P1Y1 (2).png|thumb|right|300px|The P1Y1 dropping a [[Type 91 Model 3 (850 kg)]] torpedo]]
 
=== Suspended armament ===
 
=== Suspended armament ===
 +
{{Specs-Avia-Suspended}}
 
<!-- ''Describe the aircraft's suspended armament: additional cannons under the wings, bombs, rockets and torpedoes. This section is especially important for bombers and attackers. If there is no suspended weaponry remove this subsection.'' -->
 
<!-- ''Describe the aircraft's suspended armament: additional cannons under the wings, bombs, rockets and torpedoes. This section is especially important for bombers and attackers. If there is no suspended weaponry remove this subsection.'' -->
−
{{main|Navy Type Number 25 Model 2 (250 kg)|Navy Type Number 50 Model 2 (500 kg)|Navy Type Number 80 Model 1 (800 kg)|Type 91 Model 2 (835 kg)}}
+
{{main|Navy Type Number 25 Model 2 (250 kg)|Navy Type Number 50 Model 2 (500 kg)|Number 80 Mod. 1 (800 kg)|Type 91 Model 3 (850 kg)}}
  
 
The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance:
 
The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance:
 +
 
* 2 x 250 kg Navy Type Number 25 Model 2 bombs (500 kg total)
 
* 2 x 250 kg Navy Type Number 25 Model 2 bombs (500 kg total)
−
* 1 x 835 kg Type 91 Model 2 torpedo
+
* 1 x 850 kg Type 91 Model 3 torpedo
 
* 2 x 500 kg Navy Type Number 50 Model 2 bombs (1,000 kg total)
 
* 2 x 500 kg Navy Type Number 50 Model 2 bombs (1,000 kg total)
−
* 1 x 800 kg Navy Type Number 80 Model 1 bomb (800 kg total)
+
* 1 x 800 kg Number 80 Mod. 1 bomb (800 kg total)
  
 +
[[File:P1Y1 Turretfire.png|thumb|right|300px|The P1Y1's rear gunner trying to defend the plane with his [[Type 99 Model 1 (20 mm)]] cannon]]
 
=== Defensive armament ===
 
=== Defensive armament ===
 +
{{Specs-Avia-Defensive}}
 
<!-- ''Defensive armament with turret machine guns or cannons, crewed by gunners. Examine the number of gunners and what belts or drums are better to use. If defensive weaponry is not available, remove this subsection.'' -->
 
<!-- ''Defensive armament with turret machine guns or cannons, crewed by gunners. Examine the number of gunners and what belts or drums are better to use. If defensive weaponry is not available, remove this subsection.'' -->
 
{{main|Type 99 Model 1 (20 mm)}}
 
{{main|Type 99 Model 1 (20 mm)}}
  
 
The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is defended by:
 
The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is defended by:
 +
 
* 1 x 20 mm Type 99 Model 1 cannon, nose turret (225 rpg)
 
* 1 x 20 mm Type 99 Model 1 cannon, nose turret (225 rpg)
 
* 1 x 20 mm Type 99 Model 1 cannon, dorsal turret (225 rpg)
 
* 1 x 20 mm Type 99 Model 1 cannon, dorsal turret (225 rpg)
 +
 +
The 20 mm cannons on the Ginga are early Type 99 cannons, so they do not have good explosive filler. What's more is that the cannons are inaccurate, and have a low rate of fire. Do not expect to go kill anything with them. What you can do is use these cannons as a deterrent. You can outrun a P-51 using a special method that is known to Ginga pilots as "scrambling." Since the P1Y1 has a good top speed, you can show your rear of the aircraft to the approaching fighter. If they are catching up, dive. If you hit the deck and are cruising at ground level, you can force the enemy fighter to tail behind your 20 mm. This gives you a great shot at them, and it will most likely deter them.
  
 
== Usage in battles ==
 
== Usage in battles ==
 
<!-- ''Describe the tactics of playing in the aircraft, the features of using aircraft in a team and advice on tactics. Refrain from creating a "guide" - do not impose a single point of view, but instead, give the reader food for thought. Examine the most dangerous enemies and give recommendations on fighting them. If necessary, note the specifics of the game in different modes (AB, RB, SB).'' -->
 
<!-- ''Describe the tactics of playing in the aircraft, the features of using aircraft in a team and advice on tactics. Refrain from creating a "guide" - do not impose a single point of view, but instead, give the reader food for thought. Examine the most dangerous enemies and give recommendations on fighting them. If necessary, note the specifics of the game in different modes (AB, RB, SB).'' -->
−
In Arcade battles, the light payload is somewhat countered by the ability to reload. It is recommended to use the plane to hit high value targets such as pillboxes, since it is limited to 2 bombs (though it is one of the few Japanese medium bombers able to carry 2 x 500 kg). Other planes with larger numbers of 60 kg bombs are better suited for taking out tanks and soft targets. It is at a huge disadvantage when compared to planes such as the B7A2, which has forward cannons able to strafe soft ground targets while bombs reload. As such, most pilots would use the B7A2 over the P1Y1, though this plane may still be useful in one's lineup for use after the B7A2 has been lost.
+
[[File:P1Y1 (4).png|thumb|right|325px|P1Y1 being fired upon by AAA]]
 +
 
 +
In Arcade battles, the light payload is somewhat countered by the ability to reload. It is recommended to use the plane to hit high-value targets such as pillboxes since it is limited to 2 bombs (though it is one of the few Japanese medium bombers able to carry 2 x 500 kg). Other planes with larger numbers of 60 kg bombs are better suited for taking out tanks and soft targets. It is at a huge disadvantage when compared to planes such as the B7A2, which has forward cannons able to strafe soft ground targets while bombs reload. As such, most pilots would use the B7A2 over the P1Y1, though this plane may still be useful in one's lineup for use after the B7A2 has been lost.
 +
 
 +
In Realistic tank battles, the best option is likely to take the 2 x 500 kg bomb option and again use its speed to quickly get in, hit 2 targets and run away before enemy fighters realize it is there and intercepts. Again, its speed should allow multiple runs somewhat making up for the light payload.
  
−
In Realistic air battles, this plane thrives as a torpedo bomber on naval maps. Its high speed allows it to get in and get out quickly, and even though it only carries one torpedo, it can make multiple runs during a battle.
+
In Realistic battles, the main question is how to utilise this rather delicate aircraft effectively. The general tactic which provides the most effective outcome is to use this aircraft as a ground pounder. The most effective targets for this aircraft will be pillboxes, vehicles and anti-aircraft artillery. Leave the dogfighting, bomber hunting and base bombing for the arcade battles. This is for a number of reasons, the first being the Ginga's payload which consists of only one 800 kg bomb or two 500 kg bombs. That being said, this measly amount barely has enough destructive power to destroy half a base. Instead, pillboxes will provide excellent sources of research points and will bleed enemy tickets. To kill pillboxes, take the 500 kg bombs with a two-second fuse. To set up a run, you will need to dive as soon as the match starts and need to be as close to the ground as possible to accurately bomb the pillboxes. Try to drop the bomb just a little before the crosshair, due to a slight delay in the bomb drop. This shouldn't be too noticeable, so just remember to release the bombs a little before you typically would release them. After destroying two pillboxes, destroy lightly armoured targets with your turrets, or, if there are enemy fighters inbound, go in a straight line for your home base and keep your speed high. Reload, repair, and get back out on the next target! The Ginga can make many bombing runs in one match thanks to its speed.
  
−
In Realistic tank battles, the best option is likely to take the 2 x 500 kg bomb option and again use its speed to quickly get in, hit 2 targets and run away before enemy fighters realize it is there and intercept. Again, its speed should allow multiple runs somewhat making up for the light payload.
+
Unfortunately, there might be a problem on Pacific maps as carrier landings in the P1Y1 are tricky. If the carrier is moving, your option is to try to land on it. Drop your speed to around 165 km/h (100 mph), with landing flaps and gear, but without airbrakes. Next, land on the very edge of the carrier and retract flaps and use airbrakes. If you break a wing on the tower, it should stop and repair you. However, if the carrier isn't moving the safest option is to belly land. Try going as slow as possible and try to land flat, not tail first. Snapping a wing on the tower is a good idea because it will aid in bringing you to a full stop.
  
 
=== Manual Engine Control ===
 
=== Manual Engine Control ===
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|}
 
|}
  
−
=== Modules ===
+
The Ginga has solid engines, providing a maximum combined 3,662 units of horsepower on takeoff. They also come with a two-stage supercharger. The propeller pitch should be used at 90%-100% when on WEP. Lower the propeller pitch to 90% when at high speeds. The radiators can be kept at 10-20%, and the supercharger can be activated at 3.5 km (11k ft), and the mixture can be set to the following at each specific altitude:
−
{| class="wikitable"
+
 
−
! Tier
+
* Sea Level: 100%-110% Mixture
−
! colspan="2" | Flight performance
+
* 3,000 feet: 92% Mixture
−
! Survivability
+
* 6,000 feet: 84% Mixture
−
! colspan="2" | Weaponry
+
* 10,000 feet: 70% Mixture
−
|-
+
* 15,000 feet: 60% Mixture
−
| I
 
−
| Fuselage repair
 
−
| Radiator
 
−
|
 
−
| Turret 20 mm
 
−
| 17 3/4 in (mod45)
 
−
|-
 
−
| II
 
−
|
 
−
| Compressor
 
−
| Airframe
 
−
| New 20 mm cannons (turret)
 
−
|
 
−
|-
 
−
| III
 
−
| Wings repair
 
−
| Engine
 
−
|
 
−
|
 
−
| 14 in (mod30)
 
−
|-
 
−
| IV
 
−
|
 
−
| Engine injection
 
−
| Cover
 
−
|
 
−
| 14 in (mod35)
 
−
|-
 
−
|}
 
  
 
=== Pros and cons ===
 
=== Pros and cons ===
 
<!-- ''Summarise and briefly evaluate the vehicle in terms of its characteristics and combat effectiveness. Mark its pros and cons in the bulleted list. Try not to use more than 6 points for each of the characteristics. Avoid using categorical definitions such as "bad", "good" and the like - use substitutions with softer forms such as "inadequate" and "effective".'' -->
 
<!-- ''Summarise and briefly evaluate the vehicle in terms of its characteristics and combat effectiveness. Mark its pros and cons in the bulleted list. Try not to use more than 6 points for each of the characteristics. Avoid using categorical definitions such as "bad", "good" and the like - use substitutions with softer forms such as "inadequate" and "effective".'' -->
 +
[[File:P1Y1 (5).jpg|thumb|P1Y1 about to engage with a USS carrier]]
  
 
'''Pros:'''
 
'''Pros:'''
 +
 
* Very fast & surprisingly manoeuvrable
 
* Very fast & surprisingly manoeuvrable
 
* 20 mm turrets quickly destroy fighters when they hit
 
* 20 mm turrets quickly destroy fighters when they hit
−
* Airbrakes
+
* Has really effective airbrakes
 
* Its speed forces enemies to tail you in line with your rear gunner
 
* Its speed forces enemies to tail you in line with your rear gunner
 +
* Bomber air spawn
 +
* Self-sealing fuel tanks can sometimes extinguish fires
 +
* Can carry the Type 91 Mod. three torpedoes, the best torpedo in the game
  
 
'''Cons:'''
 
'''Cons:'''
 +
 
* No fixed forward armament
 
* No fixed forward armament
−
* Very limited payload
+
* Payload is limited to 2 x 500 kg or 800 kg max
−
* Forward turret has very limited firing arc, and AI gunner rarely engages.
+
* No tail hook, you might have trouble landing on pacific maps
−
* Torpedoes limited to Mod. 2, forcing this fast plane to slow a great deal in order to drop the torpedo
+
* Forward turret has a very limited firing arc, and AI gunner rarely engages
 +
* Easy to set ablaze, 50/50 chance of surviving
 +
* Long gunner reload time
 +
* Inaccurate and slow firing 20 mm turrets
  
 
== History ==
 
== History ==
−
''Describe the history of the creation and combat usage of the aircraft in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the vehicle and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Vehicle-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>. This section may also include the vehicle's dev blog entry (if applicable) and the in-game encyclopedia description (under <code><nowiki>=== In-game description ===</nowiki></code>, also if applicable).''
+
<!-- ''Describe the history of the creation and combat usage of the aircraft in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the vehicle and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Vehicle-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>. This section may also include the vehicle's dev blog entry (if applicable) and the in-game encyclopedia description (under <code><nowiki>=== In-game description ===</nowiki></code>, also if applicable).'' -->
 +
[[File:P1Y1 In-Flight.jpg|thumb|2 P1Ys in-flight with bomb-bay fully open. ]]
 +
The P1Y1 ''Ginga'' (銀河, Galaxy/Milky Way) was a Japanese twin-engine bomber that was the direct successor over the [[G4M1|G4M]] developed by the Naval Air Technical Arsenal in Yokosuka. The allied reporting name for the ''Ginga'' would become ''Frances'', after it was initially misreported for a fighter and given a male name beforehand: ''Francis''.
 +
 
 +
===Development===
 +
During 1939, the navy considered it to be more desirable to deploy more large dive bombers as they experienced the war in China. This vision was also helped with the great success of fast bomber planes such as the [[Ju 88 (Family)|Ju 88]] in the European front. With great interest in expanding the bomber arsenal, the navy shipped over a [[Ju 88 A-1|Ju 88A]] from Germany for evaluation and started working on the '''15-Shi Twin-Engine Land Bomber'''. On further investigation, the technology that came with the Junkers plane didn't exactly benefit towards the development of the '''15-Shi''' which had the requirements as followed:
 +
 
 +
  '''Cruising range'''  ≥ Regular navy bomber range ({{Annotation|~5,556 km|~3,452 miles}})
 +
      '''Speed'''      ≥ [[A6M (Family)|A6M]] speeds ({{Annotation|511 km/h|317 mph}})
 +
  '''Bomb capability'''  = Bombing runs and dive bombing strikes with 1 ton
 +
    '''Dive speed'''    ≥ Limit of {{Annotation|648 km/h|402 mph}}
 +
'''Take-off Distance''' ≤ {{Annotation|600 m|~2,000 ft}}
 +
 
 +
[[Abbreviations#Official_names|By the standards of Japanese plane naming after 1942]], the 15-Shi was to be designed in the role of a dive-bomber, classed as "Bomber", instead of a torpedo bomber, classed as "Attacker" which was initially not planned to have. Therefore the plane would be named ''Ginga'' (銀河, Galaxy) as other dive-bombers getting names of star or constellation bodies.
 +
 
 +
===Operational history===
 +
[[File:P1Y1 Engine Maintance.jpg|left|thumb|192x192px|Crew working on the engine]]
 +
 
 +
;Prototype towards mass production
 +
The first prototypes of the 15-Shi would be completed in June 1942, it reached a maximum speed of 566 km/h at 5,500 m altitude, cruising range of 5,371 km and a maximum diving speed of 703 km/h which exceeded the Navy's requirements. With the war worsening, the production lines were rushed and tests were conducted later in 1943. Full-scale production of the 15-Shi began in November of the same year.
 +
{{Break}}
 +
 
 +
;Usage
 +
[[File:P1Y1 & Ommaney Bay.jpg|thumb|300px|P1Y shot down next to USS Ommaney Bay (CVE-79) by 0945 on December 15, 1944.]]
 +
 
 +
The 15-Shi would be officially adopted as the '''P1Y1, ''Ginga'' model 11''' in October of 1944, and the first Kōkūtai (Air Group) would be the 521th Kōkūtai which would see the Ginga used in the Battle of the Philippine Sea and the New Guinea Campaign but would see unfavourable results with the growing strength of the US Navy and losing air and naval control of the Japanese Navy.
 +
 
 +
Nakajima manufactured 1,002 examples, which were put into initial use by a total of five Kōkūtai's totalling up to around 30 air groups near the end, and acted as land-based medium and torpedo bombers from airfields in China, Formosa (Taiwan), the Mariana Islands, the Philippines, the Ryukyu Islands, Shikoku, and Kyūshū.
 +
 
 +
During the battle for Formosa (Taiwan), four Gingas of the 762nd Kōkūtai struck the USS Houston (CL-81) with three P1Y1s getting intercepted on the night of October 14, 1944. One of the torpedoes hit the Houston and caused it to start flooding and had to retreat and would not return until the end of the war together with the USS Canberra (CA-70) which was heavily damaged as well by a torpedo strike the day before.
 +
 
 +
During the last stages of the war, the P1Y was used as a kamikaze aircraft against the United States Navy during the Okinawa Campaign in Operation Tan No. 2. <!--Can Get Some More Operation Context-->
 +
In that operation an Essex-class carrier, USS Randolph would be hit by a P1Y in the stern. Next to the 26 deaths and ~100 casualties, Randolph would be in action rather quickly and would be able to take part in the battle of Okinawa.
 +
 
 +
;USS Franklin (CV-13)
 +
 
 +
[[File:USS_Franklin_(CV-13)_afire_and_listing.jpg|right|thumb|300px|USS Franklin just after being hit by two 250 kg bombs]]
 +
One other known "successful" use of a P1Y1 was a single Ginga striking an Essex-class carrier, the USS Franklin, and single-handedly caused the most severe damage and highest casualties experienced by any US fleet carrier that survived World War II.
 +
 
 +
The Franklin was within 80 km of the Japanese mainland, closer than any other US carrier during the war and had fighter squadrons up and strikes against shipping in Kure Harbor. The Ginga on its own managed to approach the Franklin without being detected, pierced through the clouds and dived upon the Franklin just as a second wave of aircraft were about to launch. the P1Y1 dropped two 250 kg semi-armour piercing bombs before getting shot down or escaping, it's unclear if the Ginga actually made it out or got shot down due conflicting accounts.
 +
 
 +
One of the bombs struck the flight deck centerline, penetrating to the hangar deck, causing major damage and igniting fires through the second and third deck together with knocking out {{Annotation|CIC|Combat Information Center}} and air plot. The second hit aft, tearing through two decks. At the time she was struck, Franklin had 31 armed and fuelled up [[F4U (Family)|F4Us]] on flight deck and these caught fire almost immediately after the bombs. All the ordnance these F4Us were packing which was around 13 to 16 tons of high explosives started detonating progressively, but the individually heaviest ordnance being the "Tiny Tim" rockets would fly overboard due their engines being ignited and the planes pointing nose up, which allowed them to not explode on deck.
 +
 
 +
;Postwar
 +
 
 +
At the end of the war, American intelligence collected three P1Y1's and sent them over to the United States for evaluation. They were later identified as FE Foreign Equipment number 1700, FE 1701 and FE 1702. The USAAF based FE 1702 at Olmstead Field a Military Air Transport Service Command depot in Middletown, Pennsylvania. At Olmstead, guest pilots evaluated and flew the aircraft. History on these 3 P1Y's during the war is currently still unknown.
 +
[[File:P1Y1 American Captured.jpg|left|thumb|1 of the selected P1Y1s]]
 +
FE 1702 would become the last public available P1Y and is currently in hold of the Smithsonian's Paul Garber Facility of its National Air and Space Museum. The USAAF transferred the FE 1702 to the Smithsonian Institution in September of 1948. In January 1949, the air force shipped the P1Y1 to Chicago Orchard Airport, Park Ridge, Illinois, a temporary storage facility for aircraft and related artifacts. The National Air Museum transferred the Frances to the storage site at Suitland, Maryland, sometime during the 1950s.
 +
 
 +
The fuselage of FE 1702 has been put on display before without wings & engines, but the wings and engines are confirmed to still exist within storage. Currently it's disassembled and kept in storage.
 +
 
 +
{{Break}}
 +
 
 +
===Variants===
 +
Main Line:
 +
 
 +
* P1Y1, 15-Shi land bomber
 +
* '''P1Y1, ''Ginga'' Model 11'''
 +
** P1Y1a, ''Ginga'' Model 11 Ko - <small>((Tail) 20 mm replaced with 13 mm)</small>
 +
** P1Y1b, ''Ginga'' Model 11 Otsu - <small>((Tail) 13 mm replaced with twin 13 mm)</small>
 +
** P1Y1c, ''Ginga'' Model 11 Hei - <small>((Nose) 20 mm replaced with 13 mm)</small>
 +
** P1Y1 Ground attack variant - <small>((Bomb-bay) 20 mm x 20 mm)</small>
 +
* P1Y2, ''Ginga'' Model 16 - <small>Converted from P1Y2-S (Mitsubishi Kasei 25 Kō engines)</small>
 +
** P1Y2a, ''Ginga'' Model 16 Ko - <small>Converted from P1Y1a ((Tail) 20 mm replaced with 13 mm)</small>
 +
** P1Y2b, ''Ginga'' Model 16 Otsu - <small>Converted from P1Y1b ((Tail) 13 mm replaced with twin 13 mm)</small>
 +
** P1Y2c, ''Ginga'' Model 16 Hei - <small>Converted from P1Y1c ((Nose) 20 mm replaced with 13 mm)</small>
 +
* P1Y3, ''Ginga'' Model 33 - <small>Converted from P1Y1 (Nakajima Homare 21 engines)</small>
 +
* P1Y4, ''Ginga'' Model 12 - <small>Converted from P1Y1 (Nakajima Homare 23 engines)</small>
 +
* P1Y5, ''Ginga'' Model 14 - <small>Converted from P1Y1 (Mitsubishi Ha-43 engines)</small>
 +
* P1Y6, ''Ginga'' Model 17 - <small>Converted from P1Y1 (Mitsubishi Kasei 25 Hei engines)</small>
 +
* ''Tenga'' - <small>Proposed jet-powered bomber variant</small>
 +
 
 +
Night fighter conversion:
 +
 
 +
* P1Y1-S, ''Kyokko'' Model 21 - <small>(Radar + 4 x 20 mm Schräge Musik)</small>
 +
* P1Y2-S, ''Kyokko'' Model 26 - <small>(Armed with 2 x 20's and 1 x 30 mm)</small>
  
 
== Media ==
 
== Media ==
−
''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.''
+
<!-- ''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.'' -->
 +
 
 +
;Skins
 +
* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=p1y1_mod11 Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]
 +
 
 +
;Images
 +
<gallery mode="packed-hover" heights="150px">
 +
P1Y1 comingship.png|P1Y1 engaging a destroyer
 +
P1Y1 inthealps.png|The Ginga has no underside turret coverage, diving to the deck preventing fighters from approaching lower angles is generally the best plan.
 +
P1Y1 torpedorelease.png|P1Y1 pulls up after releasing its load
 +
P1Y1 torpedoedship.png|The Ginga scores a direct hit on a destroyer
 +
P1Y1 reargunnerview.png|The P1Y1's rear gunner wide view
 +
P1Y1 cockpit.png|thumb|The cockpit
 +
P1Y1 frontgunview.png|The frontal gunner view.
 +
P1Y1 attacksPBY.png|The Ginga attacks a Catalina
 +
P1Y1 frontgun.png|The frontal gunner engaging a target directly in front of the P1Y1
 +
</gallery>
 +
 
 +
;Videos
 +
{{Youtube-gallery|GX1-iUWHp1o|'''Should you get the P1Y1?''' - ''Brada Templar''}}
  
 
== See also ==
 
== See also ==
−
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''
+
<!-- ''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''
 
* ''reference to the series of the aircraft;''
 
* ''reference to the series of the aircraft;''
−
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''
+
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.'' -->
 +
 
 +
* [[G4M1]] - The predecessor to the P1Y1
 +
* [[T18B-1]] - A Swedish Torpedo bomber with two engines
 +
* [[Do 217 K-1]] - A German twin-engine torpedo bomber
 +
* [[B7A2]] - A more practical Japanese torpedo bomber
  
 
== External links ==
 
== External links ==
 
<!-- ''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''
 
<!-- ''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''
 
* ''topic on the official game forum;''
 
* ''topic on the official game forum;''
−
* ''encyclopedia page on the aircraft;''
 
 
* ''other literature.'' -->
 
* ''other literature.'' -->
 +
 
* [https://forum.warthunder.com/index.php?/topic/331469-p1y1// War Thunder Forum - Aircraft Data Sheets - P1Y1 mod.11 "Ginga"]
 
* [https://forum.warthunder.com/index.php?/topic/331469-p1y1// War Thunder Forum - Aircraft Data Sheets - P1Y1 mod.11 "Ginga"]
  
 
{{AirManufacturer Yokosuka}}
 
{{AirManufacturer Yokosuka}}
 
{{Japan bombers}}
 
{{Japan bombers}}

Latest revision as of 10:12, 12 April 2024

Rank VI | Premium | Golden Eagles
Chinese A-5C Pack
This page is about the Japanese dive bomber P1Y1 mod. 11. For the Chinese version, see P1Y1 mod. 11 (China).
P1Y1 mod. 11
p1y1_mod11.png
GarageImage P1Y1 mod. 11.jpg
ArtImage P1Y1 mod. 11.png
P1Y1 mod. 11
Japan flag.png Japan
III Rank
Battle rating:
AB RB SB
3.3 3.3 4.0
Class:
Research:18 000 Specs-Card-Exp.png
Purchase:47 000 Specs-Card-Lion.png
Show in game

Description

The P1Y1 mod.11, designated as the Ginga 11 (銀河一一型), was a land-based long-range (dive-)bomber that was requested by the Japanese Navy after learning of the successes in the European theatres and out of their own experience with their own Type 96 G3Ms (and later Type 1 G4Ms) attack bombers lacking the ability to commit dive bombing actions. Initial development began by examining a purchased Ju 88 A with little real valuable lessons being drawn from the Ju 88 and development continued, with the last prototypes being rushed to be used in service production due to the lengthy development time and deterioration of the war situation. This resulted in a late-war multirole high-speed bomber that was troubled with maintenance and overall production numbers.

The Ginga was introduced in Update 1.63 "Desert Hunters". This bomber is one of the fastest at its battle rating and plays like the German Ju 288 C and Ar 234 B-2. The main strategy is to dive, release bombs, escape, and repeat. The P1Y1 can reach over 675 km/h (400 mph) in a dive, which outruns most fighters. However, the P1Y1 is also very fragile, with weak defensive guns and no turrets on the underside. This makes it vulnerable to attacks from below and to fighters that can catch up with it. The P1Y1 needs to rely on its speed and agility to evade enemies or seek friendly cover or the home base. If a heavier plane is chasing it, the P1Y1 can usually outturn it and make it lose energy and retreat. If a plane is behind its rear gunner, the gunner can fire and force the enemy to dodge and lose aim.

Nicknames
  • Official Designation: 銀河 (Ginga, "Galaxy")
  • Allied reporting name: Frances.
    • Initially incorrectly reported as a fighter: Francis

General info

Flight performance

Air brakes
Allows you to dramatically reduce the flight speed by releasing special flaps
Max speed
at 5 900 m546 km/h
Turn time26 s
Max altitude9 400 m
Engine2 х Nakajima Homare 12
TypeRadial
Cooling systemAir
Take-off weight14 t
P1Y1 mod. 11 dropping a torpedo as it speeds towards the target

The P1Y1 is a highly agile and fast aircraft. It can make sharp turns and can pull out of a dive quickly with the use of airbrakes. The airbrakes on this plane are extremely effective, but they take five seconds to deploy, so keep that in mind. The P1Y1 can also turn extremely well, although its roll rate is rather poor. The plane has good elevator authority, meaning it will be able to pull up very quickly. This is good for ground battles or naval battles. The performance of the P1Y1 is excellent. There is only one small flaw, and that is the P1Y1 locks up at redline speeds, so make sure to use those airbrakes!

Characteristics Max Speed
(km/h at 5,900 m) 		Max altitude
(metres) 		Turn time
(seconds) 		Rate of climb
(metres/second) 		Take-off run
(metres)
AB RB AB RB AB RB
Stock 523 506 9400 26.9 27.5 6.5 6.5 720
Upgraded 573 546 25.7 26.0 15.2 10.2

Details

Features
Combat flaps Take-off flaps Landing flaps Air brakes Arrestor gear
✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ X
Limits
Wings (km/h) Gear (km/h) Flaps (km/h) Max Static G
Combat Take-off Landing + -
0 275 431 405 275 ~6 ~3
Optimal velocities (km/h)
Ailerons Rudder Elevators Radiator
< 360 < 360 < 400 > 301

Survivability and armour

Crew3 people
Speed of destruction
Structural0 km/h
Gear275 km/h
  • 7 mm Steel plate behind the pilot
  • Self-sealing fuel tanks

The armour won't protect you, and fires are quite lethal, the self sealing fuel tanks don't always work. As usual, stay away from 50 cals!

Modifications and economy

Repair costBasic → Reference
AB1 054 → 1 416 Sl icon.png
RB1 769 → 2 377 Sl icon.png
SB3 628 → 4 876 Sl icon.png
Total cost of modifications19 560 Rp icon.png
32 100 Sl icon.png
Talisman cost980 Ge icon.png
Crew training13 000 Sl icon.png
Experts47 000 Sl icon.png
Aces400 Ge icon.png
Research Aces280 000 Rp icon.png
Reward for battleAB / RB / SB
70 / 150 / 250 % Sl icon.png
136 / 136 / 136 % Rp icon.png
Modifications
Flight performance Survivability Weaponry
Mods aerodinamic fuse.png
Fuselage repair
Research:
990 Rp icon.png
Cost:
1 600 Sl icon.png
105 Ge icon.png
Mods radiator.png
Radiator
Research:
990 Rp icon.png
Cost:
1 600 Sl icon.png
105 Ge icon.png
Mods compressor.png
Compressor
Research:
1 500 Rp icon.png
Cost:
2 500 Sl icon.png
160 Ge icon.png
Mods aerodinamic wing.png
Wings repair
Research:
1 200 Rp icon.png
Cost:
2 000 Sl icon.png
130 Ge icon.png
Mods new engine.png
Engine
Research:
1 200 Rp icon.png
Cost:
2 000 Sl icon.png
130 Ge icon.png
Mods metanol.png
Engine injection
Research:
2 100 Rp icon.png
Cost:
3 400 Sl icon.png
220 Ge icon.png
Mods armor frame.png
Airframe
Research:
1 500 Rp icon.png
Cost:
2 500 Sl icon.png
160 Ge icon.png
Mods engine extinguisher.png
EFS
Research:
1 200 Rp icon.png
Cost:
2 000 Sl icon.png
130 Ge icon.png
Mods armor cover.png
Cover
Research:
2 100 Rp icon.png
Cost:
3 400 Sl icon.png
220 Ge icon.png
Mods ammo.png
type99_turret_belt_pack
Research:
990 Rp icon.png
Cost:
1 600 Sl icon.png
105 Ge icon.png
Mod arrow 0.png
Mods pilon torpedo.png
17 3/4 in (mod45)
Research:
990 Rp icon.png
Cost:
1 600 Sl icon.png
105 Ge icon.png
Mod arrow 1.png
Mods turret gun.png
type99_turret_new_gun
Research:
1 500 Rp icon.png
Cost:
2 500 Sl icon.png
160 Ge icon.png
Mods pilon bomb.png
14 in (mod30)
Research:
1 200 Rp icon.png
Cost:
2 000 Sl icon.png
130 Ge icon.png
Mod arrow 0.png
Mods pilon bomb.png
14 in (mod35)
Research:
2 100 Rp icon.png
Cost:
3 400 Sl icon.png
220 Ge icon.png

The stock payload for the Ginga is poor, so rush all payload modules. The torpedo will be useful on Pacific maps to target destroyers. However, if cargo ships or pillboxes are present, the 500 kg bombs are your best bet.

Armaments

The P1Y1 dropping a Type 91 Model 3 (850 kg) torpedo

Suspended armament

List of setups (4)
Setup 12 x 250 kg Navy Type Number 25 Model 2 bomb
Setup 21 x Type 91 Model 3 torpedo (850 kg)
Setup 32 x 500 kg Navy Type Number 50 Model 2 bomb
Setup 41 x 800 kg Number 80 Mod. 1 bomb
Main articles: Navy Type Number 25 Model 2 (250 kg), Navy Type Number 50 Model 2 (500 kg), Number 80 Mod. 1 (800 kg), Type 91 Model 3 (850 kg)

The P1Y1 mod. 11 can be outfitted with the following ordnance:

  • 2 x 250 kg Navy Type Number 25 Model 2 bombs (500 kg total)
  • 1 x 850 kg Type 91 Model 3 torpedo
  • 2 x 500 kg Navy Type Number 50 Model 2 bombs (1,000 kg total)
  • 1 x 800 kg Number 80 Mod. 1 bomb (800 kg total)
The P1Y1's rear gunner trying to defend the plane with his Type 99 Model 1 (20 mm) cannon

Defensive armament

2 х Turret20 mm Type 99 Model 1 cannon
Ammunition225 rounds
Fire rate517 shots/min
Main article: Type 99 Model 1 (20 mm)

The P1Y1 mod. 11 is defended by:

  • 1 x 20 mm Type 99 Model 1 cannon, nose turret (225 rpg)
  • 1 x 20 mm Type 99 Model 1 cannon, dorsal turret (225 rpg)

The 20 mm cannons on the Ginga are early Type 99 cannons, so they do not have good explosive filler. What's more is that the cannons are inaccurate, and have a low rate of fire. Do not expect to go kill anything with them. What you can do is use these cannons as a deterrent. You can outrun a P-51 using a special method that is known to Ginga pilots as "scrambling." Since the P1Y1 has a good top speed, you can show your rear of the aircraft to the approaching fighter. If they are catching up, dive. If you hit the deck and are cruising at ground level, you can force the enemy fighter to tail behind your 20 mm. This gives you a great shot at them, and it will most likely deter them.

Usage in battles

P1Y1 being fired upon by AAA

In Arcade battles, the light payload is somewhat countered by the ability to reload. It is recommended to use the plane to hit high-value targets such as pillboxes since it is limited to 2 bombs (though it is one of the few Japanese medium bombers able to carry 2 x 500 kg). Other planes with larger numbers of 60 kg bombs are better suited for taking out tanks and soft targets. It is at a huge disadvantage when compared to planes such as the B7A2, which has forward cannons able to strafe soft ground targets while bombs reload. As such, most pilots would use the B7A2 over the P1Y1, though this plane may still be useful in one's lineup for use after the B7A2 has been lost.

In Realistic tank battles, the best option is likely to take the 2 x 500 kg bomb option and again use its speed to quickly get in, hit 2 targets and run away before enemy fighters realize it is there and intercepts. Again, its speed should allow multiple runs somewhat making up for the light payload.

In Realistic battles, the main question is how to utilise this rather delicate aircraft effectively. The general tactic which provides the most effective outcome is to use this aircraft as a ground pounder. The most effective targets for this aircraft will be pillboxes, vehicles and anti-aircraft artillery. Leave the dogfighting, bomber hunting and base bombing for the arcade battles. This is for a number of reasons, the first being the Ginga's payload which consists of only one 800 kg bomb or two 500 kg bombs. That being said, this measly amount barely has enough destructive power to destroy half a base. Instead, pillboxes will provide excellent sources of research points and will bleed enemy tickets. To kill pillboxes, take the 500 kg bombs with a two-second fuse. To set up a run, you will need to dive as soon as the match starts and need to be as close to the ground as possible to accurately bomb the pillboxes. Try to drop the bomb just a little before the crosshair, due to a slight delay in the bomb drop. This shouldn't be too noticeable, so just remember to release the bombs a little before you typically would release them. After destroying two pillboxes, destroy lightly armoured targets with your turrets, or, if there are enemy fighters inbound, go in a straight line for your home base and keep your speed high. Reload, repair, and get back out on the next target! The Ginga can make many bombing runs in one match thanks to its speed.

Unfortunately, there might be a problem on Pacific maps as carrier landings in the P1Y1 are tricky. If the carrier is moving, your option is to try to land on it. Drop your speed to around 165 km/h (100 mph), with landing flaps and gear, but without airbrakes. Next, land on the very edge of the carrier and retract flaps and use airbrakes. If you break a wing on the tower, it should stop and repair you. However, if the carrier isn't moving the safest option is to belly land. Try going as slow as possible and try to land flat, not tail first. Snapping a wing on the tower is a good idea because it will aid in bringing you to a full stop.

Manual Engine Control

MEC elements
Mixer Pitch Radiator Supercharger Turbocharger
Oil Water Type
Controllable Controllable
Not auto controlled 		Controllable
Auto control available 		Controllable
Auto control available 		Separate Controllable
2 gears 		Not controllable

The Ginga has solid engines, providing a maximum combined 3,662 units of horsepower on takeoff. They also come with a two-stage supercharger. The propeller pitch should be used at 90%-100% when on WEP. Lower the propeller pitch to 90% when at high speeds. The radiators can be kept at 10-20%, and the supercharger can be activated at 3.5 km (11k ft), and the mixture can be set to the following at each specific altitude:

  • Sea Level: 100%-110% Mixture
  • 3,000 feet: 92% Mixture
  • 6,000 feet: 84% Mixture
  • 10,000 feet: 70% Mixture
  • 15,000 feet: 60% Mixture

Pros and cons

P1Y1 about to engage with a USS carrier

Pros:

  • Very fast & surprisingly manoeuvrable
  • 20 mm turrets quickly destroy fighters when they hit
  • Has really effective airbrakes
  • Its speed forces enemies to tail you in line with your rear gunner
  • Bomber air spawn
  • Self-sealing fuel tanks can sometimes extinguish fires
  • Can carry the Type 91 Mod. three torpedoes, the best torpedo in the game

Cons:

  • No fixed forward armament
  • Payload is limited to 2 x 500 kg or 800 kg max
  • No tail hook, you might have trouble landing on pacific maps
  • Forward turret has a very limited firing arc, and AI gunner rarely engages
  • Easy to set ablaze, 50/50 chance of surviving
  • Long gunner reload time
  • Inaccurate and slow firing 20 mm turrets

History

2 P1Ys in-flight with bomb-bay fully open.

The P1Y1 Ginga (銀河, Galaxy/Milky Way) was a Japanese twin-engine bomber that was the direct successor over the G4M developed by the Naval Air Technical Arsenal in Yokosuka. The allied reporting name for the Ginga would become Frances, after it was initially misreported for a fighter and given a male name beforehand: Francis.

Development

During 1939, the navy considered it to be more desirable to deploy more large dive bombers as they experienced the war in China. This vision was also helped with the great success of fast bomber planes such as the Ju 88 in the European front. With great interest in expanding the bomber arsenal, the navy shipped over a Ju 88A from Germany for evaluation and started working on the 15-Shi Twin-Engine Land Bomber. On further investigation, the technology that came with the Junkers plane didn't exactly benefit towards the development of the 15-Shi which had the requirements as followed: 

  Cruising range  ≥ Regular navy bomber range (~5,556 km)
      Speed       ≥ A6M speeds (511 km/h)
 Bomb capability  = Bombing runs and dive bombing strikes with 1 ton
    Dive speed    ≥ Limit of 648 km/h
Take-off Distance ≤ 600 m

By the standards of Japanese plane naming after 1942, the 15-Shi was to be designed in the role of a dive-bomber, classed as "Bomber", instead of a torpedo bomber, classed as "Attacker" which was initially not planned to have. Therefore the plane would be named Ginga (銀河, Galaxy) as other dive-bombers getting names of star or constellation bodies.

Operational history

Crew working on the engine
Prototype towards mass production

The first prototypes of the 15-Shi would be completed in June 1942, it reached a maximum speed of 566 km/h at 5,500 m altitude, cruising range of 5,371 km and a maximum diving speed of 703 km/h which exceeded the Navy's requirements. With the war worsening, the production lines were rushed and tests were conducted later in 1943. Full-scale production of the 15-Shi began in November of the same year.

Usage
P1Y shot down next to USS Ommaney Bay (CVE-79) by 0945 on December 15, 1944.

The 15-Shi would be officially adopted as the P1Y1, Ginga model 11 in October of 1944, and the first Kōkūtai (Air Group) would be the 521th Kōkūtai which would see the Ginga used in the Battle of the Philippine Sea and the New Guinea Campaign but would see unfavourable results with the growing strength of the US Navy and losing air and naval control of the Japanese Navy.

Nakajima manufactured 1,002 examples, which were put into initial use by a total of five Kōkūtai's totalling up to around 30 air groups near the end, and acted as land-based medium and torpedo bombers from airfields in China, Formosa (Taiwan), the Mariana Islands, the Philippines, the Ryukyu Islands, Shikoku, and Kyūshū.

During the battle for Formosa (Taiwan), four Gingas of the 762nd Kōkūtai struck the USS Houston (CL-81) with three P1Y1s getting intercepted on the night of October 14, 1944. One of the torpedoes hit the Houston and caused it to start flooding and had to retreat and would not return until the end of the war together with the USS Canberra (CA-70) which was heavily damaged as well by a torpedo strike the day before.

During the last stages of the war, the P1Y was used as a kamikaze aircraft against the United States Navy during the Okinawa Campaign in Operation Tan No. 2. In that operation an Essex-class carrier, USS Randolph would be hit by a P1Y in the stern. Next to the 26 deaths and ~100 casualties, Randolph would be in action rather quickly and would be able to take part in the battle of Okinawa.

USS Franklin (CV-13)
USS Franklin just after being hit by two 250 kg bombs

One other known "successful" use of a P1Y1 was a single Ginga striking an Essex-class carrier, the USS Franklin, and single-handedly caused the most severe damage and highest casualties experienced by any US fleet carrier that survived World War II.

The Franklin was within 80 km of the Japanese mainland, closer than any other US carrier during the war and had fighter squadrons up and strikes against shipping in Kure Harbor. The Ginga on its own managed to approach the Franklin without being detected, pierced through the clouds and dived upon the Franklin just as a second wave of aircraft were about to launch. the P1Y1 dropped two 250 kg semi-armour piercing bombs before getting shot down or escaping, it's unclear if the Ginga actually made it out or got shot down due conflicting accounts.

One of the bombs struck the flight deck centerline, penetrating to the hangar deck, causing major damage and igniting fires through the second and third deck together with knocking out CIC and air plot. The second hit aft, tearing through two decks. At the time she was struck, Franklin had 31 armed and fuelled up F4Us on flight deck and these caught fire almost immediately after the bombs. All the ordnance these F4Us were packing which was around 13 to 16 tons of high explosives started detonating progressively, but the individually heaviest ordnance being the "Tiny Tim" rockets would fly overboard due their engines being ignited and the planes pointing nose up, which allowed them to not explode on deck.

Postwar

At the end of the war, American intelligence collected three P1Y1's and sent them over to the United States for evaluation. They were later identified as FE Foreign Equipment number 1700, FE 1701 and FE 1702. The USAAF based FE 1702 at Olmstead Field a Military Air Transport Service Command depot in Middletown, Pennsylvania. At Olmstead, guest pilots evaluated and flew the aircraft. History on these 3 P1Y's during the war is currently still unknown.

1 of the selected P1Y1s

FE 1702 would become the last public available P1Y and is currently in hold of the Smithsonian's Paul Garber Facility of its National Air and Space Museum. The USAAF transferred the FE 1702 to the Smithsonian Institution in September of 1948. In January 1949, the air force shipped the P1Y1 to Chicago Orchard Airport, Park Ridge, Illinois, a temporary storage facility for aircraft and related artifacts. The National Air Museum transferred the Frances to the storage site at Suitland, Maryland, sometime during the 1950s.

The fuselage of FE 1702 has been put on display before without wings & engines, but the wings and engines are confirmed to still exist within storage. Currently it's disassembled and kept in storage.


Variants

Main Line:

  • P1Y1, 15-Shi land bomber
  • P1Y1, Ginga Model 11
    • P1Y1a, Ginga Model 11 Ko - ((Tail) 20 mm replaced with 13 mm)
    • P1Y1b, Ginga Model 11 Otsu - ((Tail) 13 mm replaced with twin 13 mm)
    • P1Y1c, Ginga Model 11 Hei - ((Nose) 20 mm replaced with 13 mm)
    • P1Y1 Ground attack variant - ((Bomb-bay) 20 mm x 20 mm)
  • P1Y2, Ginga Model 16 - Converted from P1Y2-S (Mitsubishi Kasei 25 Kō engines)
    • P1Y2a, Ginga Model 16 Ko - Converted from P1Y1a ((Tail) 20 mm replaced with 13 mm)
    • P1Y2b, Ginga Model 16 Otsu - Converted from P1Y1b ((Tail) 13 mm replaced with twin 13 mm)
    • P1Y2c, Ginga Model 16 Hei - Converted from P1Y1c ((Nose) 20 mm replaced with 13 mm)
  • P1Y3, Ginga Model 33 - Converted from P1Y1 (Nakajima Homare 21 engines)
  • P1Y4, Ginga Model 12 - Converted from P1Y1 (Nakajima Homare 23 engines)
  • P1Y5, Ginga Model 14 - Converted from P1Y1 (Mitsubishi Ha-43 engines)
  • P1Y6, Ginga Model 17 - Converted from P1Y1 (Mitsubishi Kasei 25 Hei engines)
  • Tenga - Proposed jet-powered bomber variant

Night fighter conversion:

  • P1Y1-S, Kyokko Model 21 - (Radar + 4 x 20 mm Schräge Musik)
  • P1Y2-S, Kyokko Model 26 - (Armed with 2 x 20's and 1 x 30 mm)

Media

Skins
Images

  • P1Y1 engaging a destroyer

  • The Ginga has no underside turret coverage, diving to the deck preventing fighters from approaching lower angles is generally the best plan.

  • P1Y1 pulls up after releasing its load

  • The Ginga scores a direct hit on a destroyer

  • The P1Y1's rear gunner wide view

  • The cockpit

  • The frontal gunner view.

  • The Ginga attacks a Catalina

  • The frontal gunner engaging a target directly in front of the P1Y1

Videos
Should you get the P1Y1? - Brada Templar

See also

  • G4M1 - The predecessor to the P1Y1
  • T18B-1 - A Swedish Torpedo bomber with two engines
  • Do 217 K-1 - A German twin-engine torpedo bomber
  • B7A2 - A more practical Japanese torpedo bomber

External links


Yokosuka Naval Air Technical Arsenal (海軍航空技術廠)
Bombers  D4Y1 · D4Y2 · D4Y3 Ko
  P1Y1 mod. 11
Jet fighters  R2Y2 Kai V1 · R2Y2 Kai V2 · R2Y2 Kai V3
Captured  ␗P1Y1 mod. 11
  While the arsenal was simply known as the Naval Air Technical Arsenal and usually referred to as Kūgi-shō (Kaigun Kōkū Gijutsu-shō).
  The name Yokosuka prevailed however, even though it referred to the Arsenal's location.
See also  Yokosuka Naval Arsenal (Shipyard)

Japan bombers
Navy 
Carrier-based attack bomber 
B5N  B5N2
B6N  B6N1 · B6N2 · B6N2a
B7A  B7A2 · B7A2 (Homare 23)
Carrier-based dive bomber 
D3A  D3A1
D4Y  D4Y1 · D4Y2 · D4Y3 Ko
Shipboard Observation seaplane 
F1M  F1M2
Land-based Attack bomber 
G4M  G4M1
G5N  G5N1
G8N  G8N1
Flying boat 
H6K  H6K4
H8K  H8K2 · H8K3
Land-based Bomber 
P1Y  P1Y1
Army 
Light  Ki-32
  Ki-48-II otsu
Heavy  Ki-21-Ia · Ki-21-I hei
  Ki-49-I · Ki-49-IIa · Ki-49-IIb · Ki-49-IIb/L
  Ki-67-I Ko · Ki-67-I otsu
Other countries  ▅B-17E

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