Difference between revisions of "A32A"

From War Thunder Wiki
Jump to: navigation, search
Visual (beta)Wikitext
(→‎Removed incorrect information about the aircraft, as it does have RWR)
 
(8 intermediate revisions by 6 users not shown)
Line 7: Line 7:
 
|code=saab_a32a
 
|code=saab_a32a
 
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
 
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
 +
|cockpit=A32A cockpit view.jpeg
 
}}
 
}}
  
 
== Description ==
 
== Description ==
 
<!-- ''In the description, the first part should be about the history of and the creation and combat usage of the aircraft, as well as its key features. In the second part, tell the reader about the aircraft in the game. Insert a screenshot of the vehicle, so that if the novice player does not remember the vehicle by name, he will immediately understand what kind of vehicle the article is talking about.'' -->
 
<!-- ''In the description, the first part should be about the history of and the creation and combat usage of the aircraft, as well as its key features. In the second part, tell the reader about the aircraft in the game. Insert a screenshot of the vehicle, so that if the novice player does not remember the vehicle by name, he will immediately understand what kind of vehicle the article is talking about.'' -->
−
The '''{{Specs|name}}''' was designed and developed by the Swedish company SAAB. Development began in 1948 and it first flew in 1952. Deliveries to the Swedish air force, Flygvapnet, began in 1954. In the Flygvapnet, it was used as a ground-attack aircraft, being able to carry a large array of different bombs and unguided rockets as well as four 20 mm Akan m/49 cannons. It remained in service until 1978 but never saw use in combat. Powered by a license-built Rolls-Royce Avon engine, locally designated the RM5, it was able to break the sound barrier in a dive, thus becoming the first Swedish aircraft to fly faster than the speed of sound.
+
The '''{{Specs|name}}''' was designed and developed by the Swedish company SAAB. Development began in 1948 and it first flew in 1952. Deliveries to the Swedish air force, Flygvapnet, began in 1954. In Flygvapnet, it was used as a ground-attack aircraft, being able to carry a large array of different bombs and unguided rockets as well as four 20 mm Akan m/49 cannons. It remained in service until 1978 but never saw use in combat. Powered by a license-built Rolls-Royce Avon engine, locally designated the RM5, it was able to break the sound barrier in a dive, thus becoming the first Swedish aircraft to fly faster than the speed of sound.
  
 
Introduced in [[Update 1.95 "Northern Wind"]], the SAAB A32A Lansen is a very slow and janky aircraft. But since it is an attacker, it does not need great agility. It has ballistics computers for bombs, rockets, and its cannons. In air RB/SB, it can use its [[Mb m/50 (600 kg)|600 kg mb m/50 bombs]] to destroy a full base, or destroy several ground targets in air RB. It lacks flares but it has access to two chaff pods, which may be useful against early SARH missiles. Unlike the J32, it lacks missiles, but it can still be used in air to air combat, its radar is quite powerful and can be used to locate targets through clouds and fog, and its four 20 mm cannons have a very decent ammo pool. It also has good energy retention so you can energy trap MiG-21s and other delta wing fighters with ease.
 
Introduced in [[Update 1.95 "Northern Wind"]], the SAAB A32A Lansen is a very slow and janky aircraft. But since it is an attacker, it does not need great agility. It has ballistics computers for bombs, rockets, and its cannons. In air RB/SB, it can use its [[Mb m/50 (600 kg)|600 kg mb m/50 bombs]] to destroy a full base, or destroy several ground targets in air RB. It lacks flares but it has access to two chaff pods, which may be useful against early SARH missiles. Unlike the J32, it lacks missiles, but it can still be used in air to air combat, its radar is quite powerful and can be used to locate targets through clouds and fog, and its four 20 mm cannons have a very decent ammo pool. It also has good energy retention so you can energy trap MiG-21s and other delta wing fighters with ease.
Line 18: Line 19:
 
=== Flight performance ===
 
=== Flight performance ===
 
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}
 
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}
−
<!-- ''Describe how the aircraft behaves in the air. Speed, manoeuvrability, acceleration and allowable loads - these are the most important characteristics of the vehicle.'' -->
+
<!-- ''Describe how the aircraft behaves in the air. Speed, manoeuvrability, acceleration and allowable loads - these are the most important characteristics of the vehicle.'' -->The aircraft is powered by a Svenska Flygmotor RM5A turbojet engine, a licensed version of the British Rolls-Royce Avon Mk 21A TRD. The engine develops 3,420 kgf in normal operation and 4,630 kgf on afterburner, a very mediocre performance for such a large attack aircraft. With a full bomb load the airplane barely breaks away from the runway surface and cannot accelerate above 780 km/h. Even after jettisoning the suspended armament, the maximum speed increases to only 1050 km/h. In addition, at high altitudes, engine efficiency is significantly reduced, so do not try to climb above three kilometres - most of the opponents will be much higher anyway. It is better to gain maximum speed near the ground and then spend it as sparingly as possible, and in no case try to run away from the opponents at altitude. Needless to say, almost any potential opponent will be much faster than the Swedish Striker.
  
 +
The aircraft's arrow-shaped wing has a large area and advanced mechanization, which means low stall speed and good stability at low speeds. Also a large area of ailerons as if disposes to active maneuvering, but let down the stabilizer - it loses its effectiveness at speeds above 600 km / h and does not allow you to conduct active maneuvering. But, thanks to limited rudder thrust and competent centering, the aircraft almost never reaches critical angles of attack, as, for example, [[MiG-21F-13|MiG-21]] or [[J35D]]. Because of this, and the low aerodynamic drag of the airframe, the airplane keeps energy very well. This feature can allow you to roll over opponents who have lost energy, and in case of failure, quickly retreat before the enemy has time to regain speed.
 +
 +
As a result, when playing the A32A, you should not rely on the aircraft's LTX. After all, the priority for an attack aircraft is armament, and here it is really good.
 
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
 
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
 
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
 
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics
Line 111: Line 115:
 
=== Survivability and armour ===
 
=== Survivability and armour ===
 
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}
 
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}
−
<!-- ''Examine the survivability of the aircraft. Note how vulnerable the structure is and how secure the pilot is, whether the fuel tanks are armoured, etc. Describe the armour, if there is any, and also mention the vulnerability of other critical aircraft systems.'' -->
+
<!-- ''Examine the survivability of the aircraft. Note how vulnerable the structure is and how secure the pilot is, whether the fuel tanks are armoured, etc. Describe the armour, if there is any, and also mention the vulnerability of other critical aircraft systems.'' -->The airframe itself does not have a high survivability: the airplane, of course, can survive a machinegun burst or a couple of hits from a Soviet 23 mm cannon, but no more than that. The spars in the wings are quite fragile and are destroyed by several hits from air cannons and strong negative overloads. A downside is also its large profile, which greatly simplifies the enemy shooting at the machine.
  
−
* 10 mm Steel - Behind the pilot and radioman seats.
+
In the fuselage and wings are installed treaded fuel tanks, which are quite rarely set on fire. Two pilots, fire suppression system and blocks of dipole reflectors also contribute to the survivability of the aircraft. The cockpit is protected by 5 to 15 mm thick armour, as well as 50 mm armoured glass, but this protection is enough for a few fragmentation shells, and armour-piercing 12.7 and 20 mm shells will easily penetrate this armour.
−
* 50 mm Bulletproof glass - Windscreen.
 
−
* 15 mm Steel - In front of forward pilot.
 
−
* 5 mm Steel - Below forward pilot.
 
−
* 5 mm Steel - Just in the upper front of the instrument panel.
 
−
* Self-sealing fuel tanks - 8 in each wing, 4 in the fuselage.
 
  
 +
On the A32A, it is definitely not worth taking risks: any damage to the control surfaces or internal components of the machine immediately affects the controllability and control of the aircraft, which forces to withdraw from the battle and return to the airfield.
 
=== Modifications and economy ===
 
=== Modifications and economy ===
 
{{Specs-Economy}}
 
{{Specs-Economy}}
Line 137: Line 137:
 
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}
 
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}
 
<!-- ''Describe the offensive armament of the aircraft, if any. Describe how effective the cannons and machine guns are in a battle, and also what belts or drums are better to use. If there is no offensive weaponry, delete this subsection.'' -->
 
<!-- ''Describe the offensive armament of the aircraft, if any. Describe how effective the cannons and machine guns are in a battle, and also what belts or drums are better to use. If there is no offensive weaponry, delete this subsection.'' -->
−
{{main|Akan m/49 (20 mm)}}
+
{{main|Akan m/49 (20 mm)}}The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:
 +
 
 +
*4 x 20 mm Akan m/49 cannons, nose-mounted (180 rpg = 720 total)
 +
 
 +
The 4 x 20 mm Akan m/49 cannons, which are a development of the Akan m/45, are mounted in the nose of the airplane. The cannons have a good rate of fire of 770 rounds per minute and a total ammunition capacity of 720 rounds, 180 per barrel. The cannon shells have good ballistics and low dispersion, which allows for effective fire at ranges up to 900 m, but insufficient damage does not allow to shoot down planes from several hits, forcing to shoot long bursts.
  
−
The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:
+
The following belts are available for the Akan m/49:
  
−
* 4 x 20 mm Akan m/49 cannons, nose-mounted (180 rpg = 720 total)
+
*Standard - a mixed tape, not bad against both air and ground vehicles;
 +
*Ground targets - the tape is ineffective against aerial targets, and 38 mm armour-piercing shell penetration will not be enough to destroy armoured vehicles;
 +
*Air targets - the most preferred tape against enemy aircraft and lightly armoured SAMs. The high-explosive shells are very effectively “sawing” planes, while the armour-piercing shells can easily deal with various lightly-armoured IFVs, BMPs or light tanks.
  
 
=== Suspended armament ===
 
=== Suspended armament ===
Line 178: Line 184:
 
| 2 || 2 || 2 || 2 || 2 || 2 || || 2 || 2 || 2 || 2 || 2 || 2
 
| 2 || 2 || 2 || 2 || 2 || 2 || || 2 || 2 || 2 || 2 || 2 || 2
 
|-
 
|-
−
! Chaff
+
! Large calibre chaff
−
| || 16 || || || || || || || || || || 16 ||
+
| ||464|| || || || || || || || || ||464||
 
|-
 
|-
 
| colspan="14" | Maximum permissible loadout weight: 1,850 kg
 
| colspan="14" | Maximum permissible loadout weight: 1,850 kg
Line 197: Line 203:
 
* 3 x 600 kg mb m/50 bombs (1,800 kg total)
 
* 3 x 600 kg mb m/50 bombs (1,800 kg total)
 
* 3 x Brandbomb m/58 incendiary bombs
 
* 3 x Brandbomb m/58 incendiary bombs
−
* 32 x chaff
+
* 928 x large calibre chaff
−
{{Navigation-End}}
+
{{Navigation-End}}For pilots are available:
 +
 
 +
'''Bombs'''
 +
 
 +
*12 x 120 kg mb m/61 bombs - almost useless for hitting moving targets, requires jewel-like precision from the pilot;
 +
*5 x 250 kg mb m/50 bombs - a set for skillful pilots who are able to throw bombs as accurately and close to targets as possible.
 +
*3 x 500 kg mb m/56 bombs - not recommended due to the lower explosive quantity compared to the 600 kg m/50, while the same number of bombs can be hung on the aircraft;
 +
*3 x 600 kg mb m/50 bombs - a bomb that has proven itself on the B18B and A21A-3 due to its impressive TNT equivalent and large destruction radius. It is excellent at destroying bases and concentrations of ground vehicles;
 +
*3 x 500 kg Brandbomb m/58 incendiary tanks - useless against armoured vehicles, and one base requires as many as four discharges, besides, the incendiary mixture extinguishes very quickly before it can cause significant damage.
 +
 
 +
'''Rockets'''
 +
 
 +
*24 x 14.5 cm psrak m/49B rockets - shaped charge rockets with 500 mm penetration, most effective against enemy armoured vehicles, but requires accuracy or multiple hits - difficulty is the location of rockets along the wings;
 +
*24 x 15 cm srak m/51 rockets - high-explosive rockets with 4.5 kg of TNT. Almost useless against all armoured vehicles with closed fighting compartment;
 +
*12 x 18 cm hprak m/49 rockets - slightly more powerful high-explosive rockets with 5.25 kg TNT. To destroy an enemy tank you need to hit exactly the roof of the turret or hull.
  
 +
For air battles it is recommended to take three 600 kg bombs - enough to destroy one base. For ground battles, you can take 5 x 250 kg bombs - that's five potential knockouts, or load three 600 kg bombs - cheap and angry. From unguided rockets it is worth taking shaped m/49B - they can penetrate any armour on these combat ratings, and the overpressure will destroy open vehicles with one hit.
 
== Usage in battles ==
 
== Usage in battles ==
−
<!-- ''Describe the tactics of playing in the aircraft, the features of using aircraft in a team and advice on tactics. Refrain from creating a "guide" - do not impose a single point of view, but instead, give the reader food for thought. Examine the most dangerous enemies and give recommendations on fighting them. If necessary, note the specifics of the game in different modes (AB, RB, SB).'' -->
+
<!-- ''Describe the tactics of playing in the aircraft, the features of using aircraft in a team and advice on tactics. Refrain from creating a "guide" - do not impose a single point of view, but instead, give the reader food for thought. Examine the most dangerous enemies and give recommendations on fighting them. If necessary, note the specifics of the game in different modes (AB, RB, SB).'' -->'''Air realistic battles'''
−
In Air Realistic Battles, the A32A can make very effective use of its available bombs. The 3 x [[Mb m/50 (600 kg)|600 kg mb m/50 bombs]] deliver 480 kg of explosive mass each, which is more than enough to destroy a base at its tier. Even though the A32A has mediocre acceleration, it can generally drop its bombs on at least one base, if sufficient at avoiding [[Su-7B|Su-7]]s and/or [[Harrier (Family)|Harrier]]s. From there onwards, it's recommended to either return to the airfield, or pick off targets using the tactic described below.
+
 
 +
In Air RB you can take three 600 kg bombs - their total TNT equivalent is enough to destroy one base. Also take fuel for 30 minutes of flight, because most of the time you will have to fly with the afterburner on. After dropping bombs, you can return to the airfield, or try your luck against enemy aircraft. In this case, the use of the airplane is very similar to the use of early jets - you have to rely on the gained energy and speed, and do not get involved in dogfights. Just get enough speed and look for inattentive or energy-depleted opponents. The airplane is very good at conserving energy, so you'll have a good chance even against sluggish opponents like [[F-86 Sabre (Family)|Sabres]] and early [[MiG-21F-13|MiG-21s]], as long as you always leave yourself time to retreat. Don't be greedy and don't underestimate the enemy: if you let the enemy pass you forward due to your own negligence, you won't be able to throw him off your tail. Even if you are far away from the enemy, it does not mean that you are safe. It is very likely that a missile will be fired at you, so it is worth looking around regularly.
 +
 
 +
'''Ground realistic battles'''
 +
 
 +
In Ground RB, the airplane reveals its best side. Powerful suspended armament and ballistic calculator allow you to destroy several targets in one run and hide from enemy SAMs. Due to the airborne appearance, thrust problems are negligible, and closer to the tank battlefield you will have a very good reserve of speed and energy.
 +
 
 +
When selecting a suspended weapon, it is important to understand the situation on and above the battlefield. If there are enemy planes in the sky and SAMs on the ground, then take 3 x 600 kg m/50s - you can quickly drop them and move back to safe lines. If there is no threat from air and ground, or you are a battle-hardened pilot, take 5 x 250 kg bombs. They require an accurate hit near the tank, but that's five potential destructions. After the first run, don't rush to turn around and build a second run - you'll lose all speed, and the weak engine won't allow you to get it back quickly. It is better to just fly around the tank map from the side where you are not expected and strike again.
 +
 
 +
'''Simulator battles'''
 +
 
 +
In EC, the airplane using as an attack aircraft. It destroys bases, bombs convoys and doing CAS. Due to its poor flight performance, the airplane has no anti-air potential in this mode. In ground simulation battles, the A32A get into two main setups:
 +
 
 +
In the first set-up, you will be threatened by SAMs with radar: [[ZSU-23-4]] and [[ZSU-37-2]]. Dipole reflector blocks are good against them.
  
−
An alternative route is the traditional fighter route. The aircraft has mediocre manoeuvrability compared to its tier, but has quite decent energy retention, and can be effective if used as a boom and zoom aircraft, maintaining speed as much as possible. Unlike the fighter variant, the [[J32B|J32]], the A32 does not have missiles. This makes it entirely reliant on 4 x 20 mm cannons, which are sufficient in taking down anything that they hit. Be warned, the cannons have a finnicky placement on the bottom of the aircraft, and take some getting used to. The elevator will also lock up at high speeds, which can be a problem.
+
In the second set-up the enemy team will be equipped with SAMs, such as [[Strela-10M2]] and [[2S6]], and the sky will be dominated by [[MiG-21SMT]], [[F-5A]] and [[Su-25 (Family)|Su-25]].
  
−
It is recommended to keep or bring all dogfights at lower altitudes. The A32A performs best relative to other aircraft closer to the deck. When spaded, the aircraft has enough manoeuvrability to allow a decent pilot to reverse pursuing hostiles and score victories.
+
And if in the first case you can somehow fight with the enemy armoured vehicles avoiding enemy radars and SAM fire, then in the second case the outdated subsonic attack aircraft will have no chance against enemy SAMs and SPAAs.
  
−
=== Pros and cons ===
+
=== Pros and cons===<!-- ''Summarise and briefly evaluate the vehicle in terms of its characteristics and combat effectiveness. Mark its pros and cons in the bulleted list. Try not to use more than 6 points for each of the characteristics. Avoid using categorical definitions such as "bad", "good" and the like - use substitutions with softer forms such as "inadequate" and "effective".'' -->
−
<!-- ''Summarise and briefly evaluate the vehicle in terms of its characteristics and combat effectiveness. Mark its pros and cons in the bulleted list. Try not to use more than 6 points for each of the characteristics. Avoid using categorical definitions such as "bad", "good" and the like - use substitutions with softer forms such as "inadequate" and "effective".'' -->
 
  
 
'''Pros:'''
 
'''Pros:'''
  
−
* Good roll rate
+
*Good handling and stability at low speeds
−
* Fowler flap design provides excellent lift at low speeds
+
*High kinetic energy efficiency
−
* 4 nose-mounted cannons with high rate of fire
+
*Large payload of 1.5 tons
−
* Has a wide range of bombs and rockets loadouts, beneficial in tank RB
+
*Wide range of outboard weapons
−
* Radar warning receiver
+
*Ballistic computer
−
* Can equip Chaff (useful in Tank RB)
+
*Large ammunition for offensive armament
 +
*Presence of chaff that prevent lock by enemy radars
  
 
'''Cons:'''
 
'''Cons:'''
  
−
* Mediocre manoeuvrability and acceleration, almost every opponent it faces can outmanoeuvre and out-accelerate it
+
*Low thrust capability
−
* Very inefficient airbrake design that requires high angle-of-attack or aggressive banking to slow down
+
*Poor maneuverability
−
* Large target making it easy to get hit
+
*Fragile wing spars
−
* Can be difficult to land as landing flaps rip above 300 km/h
+
*Large size
−
* Cannons do not have great damage output, requiring precise aim
+
*Lack of guided weapons, especially air-to-air missiles
−
* Lacks flares
+
*No LTC to counter enemy infrared sensors
−
* Lacks air-to-air missiles
 
  
 
== History ==
 
== History ==
 
<!-- ''Describe the history of the creation and combat usage of the aircraft in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the vehicle and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Vehicle-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>. This section may also include the vehicle's dev blog entry (if applicable) and the in-game encyclopedia description (under <code><nowiki>=== In-game description ===</nowiki></code>, also if applicable).'' -->
 
<!-- ''Describe the history of the creation and combat usage of the aircraft in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the vehicle and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Vehicle-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>. This section may also include the vehicle's dev blog entry (if applicable) and the in-game encyclopedia description (under <code><nowiki>=== In-game description ===</nowiki></code>, also if applicable).'' -->
−
The A32A Lansen was the initial ground-attack variant of the Saab 32 'Lansen' attacker / fighter aircraft. Designed to replace the obsolete propeller-powered Saab 18, the aircraft's design was influenced by late-war German aircraft designs such as the P. 1101, P.1110, P.1111 and P.1112. The aircraft featured a conventional low-mounted swept-wing with a sleek fuselage housing a two-man crew, while the later J 32 fighter variant had a single crewmember. The A32A was introduced in 1955 with a total of 287 aircraft built for the attack role, serving until the end of the 1970s.
+
[[File:One of the early A32 concepts.jpg|thumb|One of the early A32 concepts]]
 +
In 1946, the Royal Swedish Air Force formulated requirements for a two-seat all-weather attack aircraft, carrying powerful directional weapons, free-fall bombs, HVARs, and capable of reaching any point on the Swedish coast within one hour. Saab immediately began work on the project, which was designated P.1150.
  
−
Following the end of the Second World War, the primary Swedish ground-attack aircraft was the obsolete Saab 18, a propeller-driven aircraft initially designed in the late 1930s. The initial design was influenced by late-war German aircraft designs such as the P. 1101, P.1110, P.1111 and P.1112, whose blueprints were given to Saab by former Messerschmitt engineers who fled to Switzerland. Among these engineers was Hermann Behrbohm, who would become a key contributor to the Saab 29, 32 and J 35 programs.
+
Initially the aircraft was planned to use two engines, but due to the technical and operational problems of such a layout, it was decided to use a more mature, single-engine scheme. The engine of choice was the domestic RM4 produced by STAL. But problems with the development and start of its production forced the company to ask the British government to purchase a license for the Rolls-Royce Avon engine, which was frankly better than its Swedish counterpart.
−
[[File:A32-F17.jpg|thumb|A32 from the F17 air wing, 1960]]
 
−
In terms of design, the A32A had a sleek fuselage with a low-mounted wing swept 35 degrees. The aircraft was powered by a Svenska Flygmotor RM5, which was a license-produced version of the Rolls-Royce Avon jet engine. This engine provided the A 32A with a thrust-to-weight ratio of ~0.3, while the later J32B fighter featured a heavily-upgraded RM6 engine producing significantly-more thrust. From the outset, the A32A was designed to house significant amounts of electronic warfare and weapons systems. The aircraft carried four 20 mm Oerlikon aircraft cannons in the nose, and could be fitted with unguided weapons including rockets and bombs up to 600 kg. The A32A could also carry two Rb 04 anti-ship missiles, one of the first cruise missiles to enter service.
 
  
−
In total, 287 A32A Lansens were produced for the Swedish Air Force between 1955 and 1957, replacing the Saab 18. The aircraft proved to be fairly reliable in service in terms of both aircraft and weapons systems. Additionally, the A32A was intended to carry nuclear weapons as part of Sweden's nuclear program; these plans were shelved with the end of Sweden's nuclear program. The A32A was Sweden's last dedicated ground-attack aircraft; the last airframes were phased out in the 1970s in favour of the AJ 37 Viggen.
+
During development, many interesting technical solutions were used, such as wings with high sweep angle, integrated radar and advanced electronics. For the new aircraft Saab engineers had to design a new ejection seat, which would allow to evacuate the pilot from a minimum height of 50 m. And to design the plane, a then-new method of mathematical modeling was used to predict the operational loads on the airframe.
  
 +
As a result, the airplane had a sleek, mathematically correct and streamlined design that had excellent aerodynamics and could withstand significant positive and negative overloads. Wide wings with a 35° sweep, laminar wing profile, advanced mechanization and hydraulic aileron linkages provided excellent performance and stability, especially at low speeds. The front landing gear strut was located in the nose of the airplane under the cockpit, and the rear struts retracted into the wings. The air intakes were located on both sides of the cockpit and were smoothly integrated into the fuselage without creating excessive turbulence.
 +
[[File:Launch of the Rb.04C.jpg|thumb|Launch of the Rb.04C|left]]
 +
In the fall of 1952, test pilot Bent Olafo took the prototype into the air for the first time. A successful flight was followed by further flights, and during one of them, on October 25, the aircraft broke the sound barrier in a slight dive. In doing so, the Lansen became the first Swedish airplane to break the speed of sound. In 1954, Sweden received 17 Ps-431/A radars, which were developed to order by the French CSF. However, they were not put on the airplanes, but actively studied the design and production features. Later was launched production of a licensed version of this radar at Swedish factories, which was put on the A32A. However, for reasons of economy and the tactics used, the stations were installed on only a part of the aircraft - in the air squadron only one aircraft out of four had a radar.
 +
[[File:A32A on ground.jpg|thumb|A32A on the ground]]
 +
The A32A "Lansen" was adopted into service with the Royal Air Force in 1955, replacing the piston-powered A21A-3 and B18B. The attack aircraft was a formidable machine at the time, carrying four 20 mm m/49 guns, bombs and unguided rockets of various calibres. In addition, the aircraft was actively testing the ability to carry Rb.04C anti-ship guided missiles. The airplane proved to be a reliable, fast and formidable fighting machine, but very responsive and obedient in the hands of the pilot. On the basis of the A32A they developed the J32B interceptor, the S32C reconnaissance aircraft, and the J32E REB aircraft. There were also plans to build a day fighter based on the A32 by installing an additional 30 mm cannon and four air-to-air missiles, but this initiative never left the drawing board. Between 1956 and 1997, 287 A32As, 118 J32Bs and 45 S32Cs served in the Royal Swedish Air Force, with a total of 456 aircraft produced. Three Lansen's are still flying at various airshows and participating in exhibitions.
 
== Media ==
 
== Media ==
 
<!-- ''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.'' -->
 
<!-- ''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.'' -->
Line 249: Line 286:
 
;Images
 
;Images
 
<gallery mode="packed-hover" heights="150">
 
<gallery mode="packed-hover" heights="150">
−
Image:A32A over the sea!.jpg|<small>A32A</small>
+
File:A32A takeoff.png|
 +
File:A32A 5x250kg.png|
 +
File:A32A midair.png|
 
</gallery>
 
</gallery>
  

Latest revision as of 13:26, 8 November 2024

Rank VI USSR | Premium | Golden Eagles
Su-25K Pack
This page is about the Swedish strike aircraft A32A. For other versions, see SAAB 32 Lansen (Family).
A32A
saab_a32a.png
GarageImage A32A.jpg
360://https://wiki.warthunder.com/images/d/d8/A32A_cockpit_view.jpeg
A32A
Sweden flag.png Sweden
VI Rank
Battle rating:
AB RB SB
9.0 9.0 9.0
Class:
Research:220 000 Specs-Card-Exp.png
Purchase:620 000 Specs-Card-Lion.png
Show in game

Description

The A32A was designed and developed by the Swedish company SAAB. Development began in 1948 and it first flew in 1952. Deliveries to the Swedish air force, Flygvapnet, began in 1954. In Flygvapnet, it was used as a ground-attack aircraft, being able to carry a large array of different bombs and unguided rockets as well as four 20 mm Akan m/49 cannons. It remained in service until 1978 but never saw use in combat. Powered by a license-built Rolls-Royce Avon engine, locally designated the RM5, it was able to break the sound barrier in a dive, thus becoming the first Swedish aircraft to fly faster than the speed of sound.

Introduced in Update 1.95 "Northern Wind", the SAAB A32A Lansen is a very slow and janky aircraft. But since it is an attacker, it does not need great agility. It has ballistics computers for bombs, rockets, and its cannons. In air RB/SB, it can use its 600 kg mb m/50 bombs to destroy a full base, or destroy several ground targets in air RB. It lacks flares but it has access to two chaff pods, which may be useful against early SARH missiles. Unlike the J32, it lacks missiles, but it can still be used in air to air combat, its radar is quite powerful and can be used to locate targets through clouds and fog, and its four 20 mm cannons have a very decent ammo pool. It also has good energy retention so you can energy trap MiG-21s and other delta wing fighters with ease.

General info

Flight performance

Air brakes
Allows you to dramatically reduce the flight speed by releasing special flaps
Max speed
at 0 m1 094 km/h
Turn time34 s
Max altitude12 500 m
EngineSvenska Flygmotor RM5A
TypeJet
Cooling systemAir
Take-off weight14 t

The aircraft is powered by a Svenska Flygmotor RM5A turbojet engine, a licensed version of the British Rolls-Royce Avon Mk 21A TRD. The engine develops 3,420 kgf in normal operation and 4,630 kgf on afterburner, a very mediocre performance for such a large attack aircraft. With a full bomb load the airplane barely breaks away from the runway surface and cannot accelerate above 780 km/h. Even after jettisoning the suspended armament, the maximum speed increases to only 1050 km/h. In addition, at high altitudes, engine efficiency is significantly reduced, so do not try to climb above three kilometres - most of the opponents will be much higher anyway. It is better to gain maximum speed near the ground and then spend it as sparingly as possible, and in no case try to run away from the opponents at altitude. Needless to say, almost any potential opponent will be much faster than the Swedish Striker.

The aircraft's arrow-shaped wing has a large area and advanced mechanization, which means low stall speed and good stability at low speeds. Also a large area of ailerons as if disposes to active maneuvering, but let down the stabilizer - it loses its effectiveness at speeds above 600 km / h and does not allow you to conduct active maneuvering. But, thanks to limited rudder thrust and competent centering, the aircraft almost never reaches critical angles of attack, as, for example, MiG-21 or J35D. Because of this, and the low aerodynamic drag of the airframe, the airplane keeps energy very well. This feature can allow you to roll over opponents who have lost energy, and in case of failure, quickly retreat before the enemy has time to regain speed.

As a result, when playing the A32A, you should not rely on the aircraft's LTX. After all, the priority for an attack aircraft is armament, and here it is really good.

Characteristics Max Speed
(km/h at 0 m - sea level) 		Max altitude
(metres) 		Turn time
(seconds) 		Rate of climb
(metres/second) 		Take-off run
(metres)
AB RB AB RB AB RB
Stock 1,088 1,084 12500 34.6 35.6 44.7 41.8 900
Upgraded 1,101 1,094 33.6 34.0 66.2 55.0

Details

Features
Combat flaps Take-off flaps Landing flaps Air brakes Arrestor gear Drogue chute
✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ X X
Limits
Wings (km/h) Gear (km/h) Flaps (km/h) Max Static G
Combat Take-off Landing + -
1160 450 524 491 320 ~11 ~5
Optimal velocities (km/h)
Ailerons Rudder Elevators Radiator
< 850 < 600 < 600 -

Engine performance

Engine Aircraft mass
Engine name Number Basic mass Wing loading (full fuel)
Svenska Flygmotor RM5A 1 8,322 kg 297 kg/m2
Engine characteristics Mass with fuel (no weapons load) Max Gross
Weight
Weight (each) Type 13m fuel 20m fuel 30m fuel 44m fuel
1,350 kg Afterburning axial-flow turbojet 9,151 kg 9,568 kg 10,191 kg 11,084 kg 12,992 kg
Maximum engine thrust @ 0 m (RB/SB) Thrust to weight ratio @ 0 m (WEP)
Condition 100% WEP 13m fuel 20m fuel 30m fuel 44m fuel MGW
Stationary 3,424 kgf 4,633 kgf 0.51 0.48 0.45 0.42 0.36
Optimal 3,424 kgf
(0 km/h) 		4,908 kgf
(1,160 km/h) 		0.54 0.51 0.48 0.44 0.38

Survivability and armour

Flares/Chaff
Aircraft countermeasures to distract IR and radar-guided missiles and also AA radar
Crew2 people
Speed of destruction
Structural1 160 km/h
Gear450 km/h

The airframe itself does not have a high survivability: the airplane, of course, can survive a machinegun burst or a couple of hits from a Soviet 23 mm cannon, but no more than that. The spars in the wings are quite fragile and are destroyed by several hits from air cannons and strong negative overloads. A downside is also its large profile, which greatly simplifies the enemy shooting at the machine.

In the fuselage and wings are installed treaded fuel tanks, which are quite rarely set on fire. Two pilots, fire suppression system and blocks of dipole reflectors also contribute to the survivability of the aircraft. The cockpit is protected by 5 to 15 mm thick armour, as well as 50 mm armoured glass, but this protection is enough for a few fragmentation shells, and armour-piercing 12.7 and 20 mm shells will easily penetrate this armour.

On the A32A, it is definitely not worth taking risks: any damage to the control surfaces or internal components of the machine immediately affects the controllability and control of the aircraft, which forces to withdraw from the battle and return to the airfield.

Modifications and economy

Repair costBasic → Reference
AB2 944 → 4 192 Sl icon.png
RB8 765 → 12 481 Sl icon.png
SB9 894 → 14 089 Sl icon.png
Total cost of modifications194 600 Rp icon.png
305 000 Sl icon.png
Talisman cost2 700 Ge icon.png
Crew training175 000 Sl icon.png
Experts620 000 Sl icon.png
Aces2 600 Ge icon.png
Research Aces1 010 000 Rp icon.png
Reward for battleAB / RB / SB
120 / 330 / 600 % Sl icon.png
226 / 226 / 226 % Rp icon.png
Modifications
Flight performance Survivability Weaponry
Mods aerodinamic fuse.png
Fuselage repair
Research:
6 500 Rp icon.png
Cost:
10 000 Sl icon.png
270 Ge icon.png
Mods armor frame.png
Airframe
Research:
11 000 Rp icon.png
Cost:
17 000 Sl icon.png
460 Ge icon.png
Mods jet compressor.png
Compressor
Research:
11 000 Rp icon.png
Cost:
17 000 Sl icon.png
460 Ge icon.png
Mods aerodinamic wing.png
Wings repair
Research:
8 100 Rp icon.png
Cost:
13 000 Sl icon.png
340 Ge icon.png
Mods jet engine.png
Engine
Research:
8 100 Rp icon.png
Cost:
13 000 Sl icon.png
340 Ge icon.png
Mods armor cover.png
Cover
Research:
21 000 Rp icon.png
Cost:
33 000 Sl icon.png
880 Ge icon.png
Mods heli false thermal targets.png
Chaff
Research:
6 500 Rp icon.png
Cost:
10 000 Sl icon.png
270 Ge icon.png
Mods ammo.png
akan_m47_belt_pack
Research:
6 500 Rp icon.png
Cost:
10 000 Sl icon.png
270 Ge icon.png
Mod arrow 1.png
Mods pilon bomb.png
m/61
Research:
6 500 Rp icon.png
Cost:
10 000 Sl icon.png
270 Ge icon.png
Mod arrow 0.png
Mods pilon rocket.png
m/49B
Research:
6 500 Rp icon.png
Cost:
10 000 Sl icon.png
270 Ge icon.png
Mod arrow 0.png
Mods napalm fire bomb.png
m/58
Research:
6 500 Rp icon.png
Cost:
10 000 Sl icon.png
270 Ge icon.png
Mods pilon bomb.png
m/40(250)
Research:
11 000 Rp icon.png
Cost:
17 000 Sl icon.png
460 Ge icon.png
Mod arrow 0.png
Mods pilon rocket.png
m/51
Research:
11 000 Rp icon.png
Cost:
17 000 Sl icon.png
460 Ge icon.png
Mod arrow 0.png
Mods g suit.png
G-suit
Research:
8 100 Rp icon.png
Cost:
13 000 Sl icon.png
340 Ge icon.png
Mods weapon.png
akan_m47_new_gun
Research:
8 100 Rp icon.png
Cost:
13 000 Sl icon.png
340 Ge icon.png
Mods pilon bomb.png
m/41
Research:
8 100 Rp icon.png
Cost:
13 000 Sl icon.png
340 Ge icon.png
Mod arrow 0.png
Mods pilon rocket.png
m/49
Research:
8 100 Rp icon.png
Cost:
13 000 Sl icon.png
340 Ge icon.png
Mods jet engine extinguisher.png
EFS
Research:
21 000 Rp icon.png
Cost:
33 000 Sl icon.png
880 Ge icon.png
Mods pilon bomb.png
m/50(600)
Research:
21 000 Rp icon.png
Cost:
33 000 Sl icon.png
880 Ge icon.png

Armaments

Ballistic Computer
CCIP (Guns) CCIP (Rockets) CCIP (Bombs) CCRP (Bombs)
Icon GreenCheckmark.png Icon GreenCheckmark.png Icon GreenCheckmark.png Icon RedXCross.png

Offensive armament

Main article: Akan m/49 (20 mm)
The A32A is armed with:
  • 4 x 20 mm Akan m/49 cannons, nose-mounted (180 rpg = 720 total)

The 4 x 20 mm Akan m/49 cannons, which are a development of the Akan m/45, are mounted in the nose of the airplane. The cannons have a good rate of fire of 770 rounds per minute and a total ammunition capacity of 720 rounds, 180 per barrel. The cannon shells have good ballistics and low dispersion, which allows for effective fire at ranges up to 900 m, but insufficient damage does not allow to shoot down planes from several hits, forcing to shoot long bursts.

The following belts are available for the Akan m/49:

  • Standard - a mixed tape, not bad against both air and ground vehicles;
  • Ground targets - the tape is ineffective against aerial targets, and 38 mm armour-piercing shell penetration will not be enough to destroy armoured vehicles;
  • Air targets - the most preferred tape against enemy aircraft and lightly armoured SAMs. The high-explosive shells are very effectively “sawing” planes, while the armour-piercing shells can easily deal with various lightly-armoured IFVs, BMPs or light tanks.

Suspended armament

The A32A can be outfitted with the following ordnance:

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13
Hardpoints A32A.png
120 kg sb m/61 bombs 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
250 kg mb m/50 bombs 1 1 1 1 1
500 kg mb m/56 bombs 1 1 1
600 kg mb m/50 bombs 1 1 1
Brandbomb m/58 incendiary bombs 1 1 1
hprak m/49 rockets 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
psrak m/49B rockets 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
srak m/51 rockets 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Large calibre chaff 464 464
Maximum permissible loadout weight: 1,850 kg
Default weapon presets
  • Without load
  • 24 x psrak m/49B rockets
  • 24 x srak m/51 rockets
  • 12 x hprak m/49 rockets
  • 12 x 120 kg sb m/61 bombs (1,440 kg total)
  • 5 x 250 kg mb m/50 bombs (1,250 kg total)
  • 3 x 500 kg mb m/56 bombs (1,500 kg total)
  • 3 x 600 kg mb m/50 bombs (1,800 kg total)
  • 3 x Brandbomb m/58 incendiary bombs
  • 928 x large calibre chaff

For pilots are available:

Bombs

  • 12 x 120 kg mb m/61 bombs - almost useless for hitting moving targets, requires jewel-like precision from the pilot;
  • 5 x 250 kg mb m/50 bombs - a set for skillful pilots who are able to throw bombs as accurately and close to targets as possible.
  • 3 x 500 kg mb m/56 bombs - not recommended due to the lower explosive quantity compared to the 600 kg m/50, while the same number of bombs can be hung on the aircraft;
  • 3 x 600 kg mb m/50 bombs - a bomb that has proven itself on the B18B and A21A-3 due to its impressive TNT equivalent and large destruction radius. It is excellent at destroying bases and concentrations of ground vehicles;
  • 3 x 500 kg Brandbomb m/58 incendiary tanks - useless against armoured vehicles, and one base requires as many as four discharges, besides, the incendiary mixture extinguishes very quickly before it can cause significant damage.

Rockets

  • 24 x 14.5 cm psrak m/49B rockets - shaped charge rockets with 500 mm penetration, most effective against enemy armoured vehicles, but requires accuracy or multiple hits - difficulty is the location of rockets along the wings;
  • 24 x 15 cm srak m/51 rockets - high-explosive rockets with 4.5 kg of TNT. Almost useless against all armoured vehicles with closed fighting compartment;
  • 12 x 18 cm hprak m/49 rockets - slightly more powerful high-explosive rockets with 5.25 kg TNT. To destroy an enemy tank you need to hit exactly the roof of the turret or hull.

For air battles it is recommended to take three 600 kg bombs - enough to destroy one base. For ground battles, you can take 5 x 250 kg bombs - that's five potential knockouts, or load three 600 kg bombs - cheap and angry. From unguided rockets it is worth taking shaped m/49B - they can penetrate any armour on these combat ratings, and the overpressure will destroy open vehicles with one hit.

Usage in battles

Air realistic battles

In Air RB you can take three 600 kg bombs - their total TNT equivalent is enough to destroy one base. Also take fuel for 30 minutes of flight, because most of the time you will have to fly with the afterburner on. After dropping bombs, you can return to the airfield, or try your luck against enemy aircraft. In this case, the use of the airplane is very similar to the use of early jets - you have to rely on the gained energy and speed, and do not get involved in dogfights. Just get enough speed and look for inattentive or energy-depleted opponents. The airplane is very good at conserving energy, so you'll have a good chance even against sluggish opponents like Sabres and early MiG-21s, as long as you always leave yourself time to retreat. Don't be greedy and don't underestimate the enemy: if you let the enemy pass you forward due to your own negligence, you won't be able to throw him off your tail. Even if you are far away from the enemy, it does not mean that you are safe. It is very likely that a missile will be fired at you, so it is worth looking around regularly.

Ground realistic battles

In Ground RB, the airplane reveals its best side. Powerful suspended armament and ballistic calculator allow you to destroy several targets in one run and hide from enemy SAMs. Due to the airborne appearance, thrust problems are negligible, and closer to the tank battlefield you will have a very good reserve of speed and energy.

When selecting a suspended weapon, it is important to understand the situation on and above the battlefield. If there are enemy planes in the sky and SAMs on the ground, then take 3 x 600 kg m/50s - you can quickly drop them and move back to safe lines. If there is no threat from air and ground, or you are a battle-hardened pilot, take 5 x 250 kg bombs. They require an accurate hit near the tank, but that's five potential destructions. After the first run, don't rush to turn around and build a second run - you'll lose all speed, and the weak engine won't allow you to get it back quickly. It is better to just fly around the tank map from the side where you are not expected and strike again.

Simulator battles

In EC, the airplane using as an attack aircraft. It destroys bases, bombs convoys and doing CAS. Due to its poor flight performance, the airplane has no anti-air potential in this mode. In ground simulation battles, the A32A get into two main setups:

In the first set-up, you will be threatened by SAMs with radar: ZSU-23-4 and ZSU-37-2. Dipole reflector blocks are good against them.

In the second set-up the enemy team will be equipped with SAMs, such as Strela-10M2 and 2S6, and the sky will be dominated by MiG-21SMT, F-5A and Su-25.

And if in the first case you can somehow fight with the enemy armoured vehicles avoiding enemy radars and SAM fire, then in the second case the outdated subsonic attack aircraft will have no chance against enemy SAMs and SPAAs.

 Pros and cons

Pros:

  • Good handling and stability at low speeds
  • High kinetic energy efficiency
  • Large payload of 1.5 tons
  • Wide range of outboard weapons
  • Ballistic computer
  • Large ammunition for offensive armament
  • Presence of chaff that prevent lock by enemy radars

Cons:

  • Low thrust capability
  • Poor maneuverability
  • Fragile wing spars
  • Large size
  • Lack of guided weapons, especially air-to-air missiles
  • No LTC to counter enemy infrared sensors

History

One of the early A32 concepts

In 1946, the Royal Swedish Air Force formulated requirements for a two-seat all-weather attack aircraft, carrying powerful directional weapons, free-fall bombs, HVARs, and capable of reaching any point on the Swedish coast within one hour. Saab immediately began work on the project, which was designated P.1150.

Initially the aircraft was planned to use two engines, but due to the technical and operational problems of such a layout, it was decided to use a more mature, single-engine scheme. The engine of choice was the domestic RM4 produced by STAL. But problems with the development and start of its production forced the company to ask the British government to purchase a license for the Rolls-Royce Avon engine, which was frankly better than its Swedish counterpart.

During development, many interesting technical solutions were used, such as wings with high sweep angle, integrated radar and advanced electronics. For the new aircraft Saab engineers had to design a new ejection seat, which would allow to evacuate the pilot from a minimum height of 50 m. And to design the plane, a then-new method of mathematical modeling was used to predict the operational loads on the airframe.

As a result, the airplane had a sleek, mathematically correct and streamlined design that had excellent aerodynamics and could withstand significant positive and negative overloads. Wide wings with a 35° sweep, laminar wing profile, advanced mechanization and hydraulic aileron linkages provided excellent performance and stability, especially at low speeds. The front landing gear strut was located in the nose of the airplane under the cockpit, and the rear struts retracted into the wings. The air intakes were located on both sides of the cockpit and were smoothly integrated into the fuselage without creating excessive turbulence.

Launch of the Rb.04C

In the fall of 1952, test pilot Bent Olafo took the prototype into the air for the first time. A successful flight was followed by further flights, and during one of them, on October 25, the aircraft broke the sound barrier in a slight dive. In doing so, the Lansen became the first Swedish airplane to break the speed of sound. In 1954, Sweden received 17 Ps-431/A radars, which were developed to order by the French CSF. However, they were not put on the airplanes, but actively studied the design and production features. Later was launched production of a licensed version of this radar at Swedish factories, which was put on the A32A. However, for reasons of economy and the tactics used, the stations were installed on only a part of the aircraft - in the air squadron only one aircraft out of four had a radar.

A32A on the ground

The A32A "Lansen" was adopted into service with the Royal Air Force in 1955, replacing the piston-powered A21A-3 and B18B. The attack aircraft was a formidable machine at the time, carrying four 20 mm m/49 guns, bombs and unguided rockets of various calibres. In addition, the aircraft was actively testing the ability to carry Rb.04C anti-ship guided missiles. The airplane proved to be a reliable, fast and formidable fighting machine, but very responsive and obedient in the hands of the pilot. On the basis of the A32A they developed the J32B interceptor, the S32C reconnaissance aircraft, and the J32E REB aircraft. There were also plans to build a day fighter based on the A32 by installing an additional 30 mm cannon and four air-to-air missiles, but this initiative never left the drawing board. Between 1956 and 1997, 287 A32As, 118 J32Bs and 45 S32Cs served in the Royal Swedish Air Force, with a total of 456 aircraft produced. Three Lansen's are still flying at various airshows and participating in exhibitions.

Media

Skins
Images
  • A32A takeoff.png
  • A32A 5x250kg.png
  • A32A midair.png
Videos
The Shooting Range #356 - Metal Beasts section at 00:26 discusses the A32A.
Nothing To Offer! A32A! - Sweden - Review! - Jengar
A32A Lansen: Scandinavian Striker

See also

Related development

External links


Swedish Aeroplane Company Ltd. (SAAB)
  Pre-SAAB: SA / ASJA
SA 'Jaktfalken'  J6B
SAAB 17  B17A · B17B · S17BS
SAAB 18  B18A · B18B · T18B · T18B (57)
SAAB 21  J21A-1 · J21A-2 · A21A-3 · J21RA · A21RB
SAAB 29 'Tunnan'  J29A · A29B · J29D · J29F
SAAB 32 'Lansen'  J32B · A32A · A32A Röd Adam
SAAB 35 'Draken'  J35A · J35D
SAAB 37 'Viggen'  JA37C · JA37D · AJ37 · AJS37
SAAB 39 'Gripen'  JAS39A · JAS39C
SAAB 105  SK60B · SAAB-105G
License Production  B3C (Ju 86K)
Export  SAAB-105OE · J35XS · ▄JAS39C · ◔JAS39EBS HU C

Sweden jet aircraft
Fighters  J21RA
  J29A · A29B · J29D · J29F
  J32B
  J34
  J35A · J35D
  JA37C · JA37D
  JAS39A · JAS39C
Strike aircraft  A21RB
  A32A · A32A Röd Adam
  A28B
  AJ37 · AJS37
  SK60B · SAAB-105G
Export  SAAB-105OE
Finland  ▄Vampire FB 52A · ▄MiG-21bis · Saab J35XS

Retrieved from "https://wiki.warthunder.com/index.php?title=A32A&oldid=194718"