Difference between revisions of "12-inch/45 Vickers (305 mm)"

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== Description ==
 
== Description ==
''Write an introduction to the article in 2-3 small paragraphs. Briefly tell us about the history of the development and combat using the weaponry and also about its features. Compile a list of air, ground, or naval vehicles that feature this weapon system in the game.''
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The '''12-inch/45 Vickers''' is a 305 mm naval gun that was developed by the British firms Armstrong and Vickers in the early 1900s.
  
 
=== Vehicles equipped with this weapon ===
 
=== Vehicles equipped with this weapon ===
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* {{Specs-Link|jp_armoredcruiser_ikoma}}
 
* {{Specs-Link|jp_armoredcruiser_ikoma}}
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* {{Specs-Link|jp_armoredcruiser_kurama}}
 
* {{Specs-Link|jp_battleship_settsu}}
 
* {{Specs-Link|jp_battleship_settsu}}
  
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=== Available ammunition ===
 
=== Available ammunition ===
''Describe the shells that are available for the weapon and their features and purpose. If it concerns autocannons or machine guns, write about different ammo belts and what is inside (which types of shells).''
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<!--''Describe the shells that are available for the weapon and their features and purpose. If it concerns autocannons or machine guns, write about different ammo belts and what is inside (which types of shells).''-->
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{{:{{PAGENAME}}/Ammunition|12-inch HE, 12-inch APC}}
  
 
=== Comparison with analogues ===
 
=== Comparison with analogues ===
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== History ==
 
== History ==
Around the turn of the 20th century, the naval powers of the world would begin a naval arms race and Japan did not want to fall behind. At the time, Japan lacked the capability to build large capital ships, so they frequently turned to Britain to build their battleships while working to obtain the know-how to build capital ships from them. The 12-inch/45-calibers Vickers was first built for the ''Katori''-class battleships. These wire-wound guns were based on the [[305 mm/45 Mark X (305 mm)|12-inch/45 Mark X]] first used on [[HMS Dreadnought|''HMS Dreadnought'']]. In fact, ''IJN Katori'' mounted these very guns as it was built by Vickers while her sister ship ''Kashima'' was armed with similarly designed guns made by the Elswick Ordinance Company. The guns would eventually be produced under license in Japan and were designated the 12-inch/45 Type 41 guns in 1908 (1908 being the 41st year of the reign of Emperor Meiji).  
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<!-- ''Examine the history of the creation and combat usage of the weapon in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the weapon and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Weapon-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>.'' -->
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Around the turn of the 20th century, the naval powers of the world would begin a naval arms race and Japan did not want to fall behind. At the time, Japan lacked the capability to build large capital ships, so they frequently turned to Britain to build their battleships while working to obtain the know-how to build capital ships for themselves. The 12-inch/45-calibre Vickers was first built for the ''Katori''-class battleships. These wire-wound guns were based on the [[305 mm/45 Mark X (305 mm)|12-inch/45 Mark X]] first used on [[HMS Dreadnought|HMS ''Dreadnought'']]. In fact, ''Katori'' mounted these very guns as it was built by Vickers while her sister ship ''Kashima'' was armed with similarly designed guns made by the Elswick Ordnance Company. The guns would eventually be produced under license in Japan and were designated the 12-inch/45 Type 41 guns in 1908 (1908 being the 41st year of the reign of Emperor Meiji).
  
The launch of [[HMS Invincible|''HMS Invincible'']] in 1908 turned Japan's entire capital ship fleet obsolete but Japan wasn't far behind. The ''Ibuki''-class which was already planned was retrofitted with 12-inch guns and closely followed by the ''Tsukuba''-class battlecruisers ''IJN Tsukuba'' and [[IJN Ikoma|''IJN Ikoma'']] which were planned from the start to use 12-inch guns after being on the receiving end of these powerful weapons during the Battle of the Yellow Sea in the Russo-Japanese War. The ''Mikasa'' a pre-dreadnought battleship was refitted in 1908 with these 12-inch/45 Vickers.  
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The launch of [[HMS Invincible|HMS ''Invincible'']] in 1908 rendered Japan's entire capital ship fleet obsolete, but Japan wasn't far behind. The ''Ibuki'' class which was already planned was retrofitted with 12-inch guns and closely followed by the ''Tsukuba''-class battlecruisers ''Tsukuba'' and [[IJN Ikoma|''Ikoma'']] which were planned from the start to use 12-inch guns after being on the receiving end of these powerful weapons during the Battle of the Yellow Sea in the Russo-Japanese War. The ''Mikasa'', a pre-dreadnought battleship, was refitted in 1908 with these 12-inch/45 Vickers.
  
While [[HMS Dreadnought|''HMS Dreadnought'']] was the first all-big-gun battleship to be finished in 1906, the Japanese were first to approve construction of such a design in 1904 with what became the ''Satsuma''-class. While planned to be armed with a large battery of 12-inch guns, the ''Satsuma''-class, the first class of battleships built in Japan, were forced to build with a large secondary battery instead because of budget cutbacks and a lack of 12-inch guns after the Russo-Japanese War. The last Japanese pre-dreadnoughts of the ''Kawachi''-class were finished in 1912. The ''IJN Kawachi'' and [[IJN Settsu|''IJN Settsu'']] had four of these guns mounted amidships complimenting the fore and aft [[12-inch/50 Vickers (305 mm)|12-inch/50 Vickers]] due the same budget cutbacks. After the Washington Naval Treaty was signed in 1922, the limitations of capital ship tonnage were restricted leading to the IJN to scrap most of their ships using these guns and mounting their turrets as coastal defense guns at Tokyo Bay.
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While [[HMS Dreadnought|HMS ''Dreadnought'']] was the first all-big-gun battleship to be finished in 1906, the Japanese were first to approve construction of such a design in 1904 with what became the ''Satsuma'' class. While planned to be armed with a large battery of 12-inch guns, the ''Satsuma'' class, the first class of battleships built in Japan, were forced to build with a large secondary battery instead because of budget cutbacks and a lack of 12-inch guns after the Russo-Japanese War. The last Japanese pre-dreadnoughts of the ''Kawachi'' class were finished in 1912. ''Kawachi'' and [[IJN Settsu|''Settsu'']] had four of these guns mounted amidships complimenting the fore and aft [[12-inch/50 Vickers (305 mm)|12-inch/50 Vickers]] due the same budget cutbacks. After the Washington Naval Treaty was signed in 1922, the limitations of capital ship tonnage led the IJN to scrap most of their ships using these guns and mounting their turrets as coastal defense guns in Tokyo Bay.
  
 
== Media ==
 
== Media ==
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== External links ==
 
== External links ==
''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''
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<!-- ''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''
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* ''topic on the official game forum;''
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* ''other literature.'' -->
  
* ''topic on the official game forum;''
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* [[wikipedia:EOC 12-inch 45-calibre naval gun|[Wikipedia] EOC 12-inch 45-calibre naval gun]]
* ''other literature.''
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* [http://www.navweaps.com/Weapons/WNJAP_12-45_EA.php <nowiki>[NavWeaps]</nowiki> Japan 12"/45 (30.5 cm) Armstrong]
  
 
{{Japan naval cannons}}
 
{{Japan naval cannons}}
  
 
[[Category:Naval cannons]]
 
[[Category:Naval cannons]]

Latest revision as of 18:35, 17 April 2024

Description

The 12-inch/45 Vickers is a 305 mm naval gun that was developed by the British firms Armstrong and Vickers in the early 1900s.

Vehicles equipped with this weapon

General info

Tell us about the tactical and technical characteristics of the cannon or machine gun.

Available ammunition

Penetration statistics
Ammunition Type of
warhead
Penetration @ 0° Angle of Attack (mm)
1,000 m 2,500 m 5,000 m 7,500 m 10,000 m 15,000 m
12-inch/45 HE HE 69 69 69 69 69 69
12-inch/45 APC APC 496 432 345 278 229 172
Shell details
Ammunition Type of
warhead
Velocity
(m/s)
Projectile
mass (kg)
Fuse delay
(s)
Fuse sensitivity
(mm)
Explosive mass
(TNT equivalent) (kg)
Ricochet
0% 50% 100%
12-inch/45 HE HE 825 400.06 0 0.1 37.82 79° 80° 81°
12-inch/45 APC APC 825 400.06 0.035 17 13.64 48° 63° 71°

Comparison with analogues

Give a comparative description of cannons/machine guns that have firepower equal to this weapon.

Usage in battles

Describe the cannon/machine gun in the game - its distinctive features, tactics of usage against notable opponents. Please don't write a "guide" - do not impose a single point of view, but give the reader food for thought.

Pros and cons

Summarise and briefly evaluate the weaponry in terms of its characteristics and combat effectiveness. Mark pros and cons as a list.

Pros:

Cons:

History

Around the turn of the 20th century, the naval powers of the world would begin a naval arms race and Japan did not want to fall behind. At the time, Japan lacked the capability to build large capital ships, so they frequently turned to Britain to build their battleships while working to obtain the know-how to build capital ships for themselves. The 12-inch/45-calibre Vickers was first built for the Katori-class battleships. These wire-wound guns were based on the 12-inch/45 Mark X first used on HMS Dreadnought. In fact, Katori mounted these very guns as it was built by Vickers while her sister ship Kashima was armed with similarly designed guns made by the Elswick Ordnance Company. The guns would eventually be produced under license in Japan and were designated the 12-inch/45 Type 41 guns in 1908 (1908 being the 41st year of the reign of Emperor Meiji).

The launch of HMS Invincible in 1908 rendered Japan's entire capital ship fleet obsolete, but Japan wasn't far behind. The Ibuki class which was already planned was retrofitted with 12-inch guns and closely followed by the Tsukuba-class battlecruisers Tsukuba and Ikoma which were planned from the start to use 12-inch guns after being on the receiving end of these powerful weapons during the Battle of the Yellow Sea in the Russo-Japanese War. The Mikasa, a pre-dreadnought battleship, was refitted in 1908 with these 12-inch/45 Vickers.

While HMS Dreadnought was the first all-big-gun battleship to be finished in 1906, the Japanese were first to approve construction of such a design in 1904 with what became the Satsuma class. While planned to be armed with a large battery of 12-inch guns, the Satsuma class, the first class of battleships built in Japan, were forced to build with a large secondary battery instead because of budget cutbacks and a lack of 12-inch guns after the Russo-Japanese War. The last Japanese pre-dreadnoughts of the Kawachi class were finished in 1912. Kawachi and Settsu had four of these guns mounted amidships complimenting the fore and aft 12-inch/50 Vickers due the same budget cutbacks. After the Washington Naval Treaty was signed in 1922, the limitations of capital ship tonnage led the IJN to scrap most of their ships using these guns and mounting their turrets as coastal defense guns in Tokyo Bay.

Media

Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.

See also

Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:

  • reference to the article about the variant of the cannon/machine gun;
  • references to approximate analogues by other nations and research trees.

External links


Japan naval cannons
20 mm  JM61 · Type 98
25 mm  25 mm/60 Type 96
37 mm  Type 4 · Type 11 pattern 1922
40 mm  40 mm/62 Vickers
57 mm  Type 97
75 mm  Type 88 AA
76 mm  3-inch/40 Type 41 · 8 cm/40 3rd Year Type · 8 cm/60 Type 98
100 mm  100/65 mm Type 98 mod A
120 mm  120 mm/45 3rd Year Type · 120 mm/45 10th year type
127 mm  5 inch/40 Type 89 · 127 mm/50 3rd Year Type
140 mm  140 mm/50 3rd Year Type
152 mm  6-inch/45 Type 41 · 15 cm/50 Type 41
155 mm  155 mm/60 3rd Year Type
200 mm  20 cm 3rd year type No.1
203 mm  20 cm/45 Type 41 · 20 cm/50 3rd year type No.2
356 mm  36 cm/45 Type 41
410 mm  410 mm/45 Type 3
  Foreign:
20 mm  20 mm/70 Oerlikon Mk.II (USA/Britain)
40 mm  Bofors L/60 Mark 1 (USA) · Bofors L/60 Mark 2 (USA) · Bofors L/60 Mark 3 (USA)
47 mm  3 pdr QF Hotchkiss (Britain)
76 mm  3-inch Mark 10 (USA) · 3 inch Mk.33 (USA) · 3-inch Mk.34 (USA)
120 mm  4,7-inch/40 Armstrong (Britain)
127 mm  5 inch/38 Mk.12 (USA)
305 mm  12-inch/45 Vickers (Britain) · 12-inch/50 Vickers (Britain)