Difference between revisions of "Type 99 Model 1 (20 mm)"
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+ | {{About | ||
+ | | about = Japanese cannon '''{{PAGENAME}}''' | ||
+ | | other | ||
+ | | usage-1 = the other version | ||
+ | | link-1 = Type 99 Model 2 (20 mm) | ||
+ | | usage-2 = other uses | ||
+ | | link-2 = Type 99 (Disambiguation) | ||
+ | }} | ||
[[File:P1Y1 frontgun.png|thumb|The P1Y1's frontal Type 99]] | [[File:P1Y1 frontgun.png|thumb|The P1Y1's frontal Type 99]] | ||
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− | The Type 99 Model 1 is one of the most | + | The '''20 mm Type 99 Model 1''' is a Japanese aircraft cannon, one of the most commonly used by the IJN. It can be found on the defensive turrets of quite a few bombers, as well as many early fighters. The cannon is on par with those of other nations, and it has a decent damage potential while having a low rate of fire. |
=== Vehicles equipped with this weapon === | === Vehicles equipped with this weapon === | ||
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<!--Tell us about the tactical and technical characteristics of the cannon or machine gun.--> | <!--Tell us about the tactical and technical characteristics of the cannon or machine gun.--> | ||
[[File:P1Y1 bettertailgunner.png|thumb|Type 99 Turret firing demonstration]] | [[File:P1Y1 bettertailgunner.png|thumb|Type 99 Turret firing demonstration]] | ||
− | The Type 99 cannons are a bit tricky to use compared to German, Russian, or American counterparts. They have an extremely low rate of fire, of 450 rounds per minute, and poor velocity as well. Furthermore, the stock belts for these cannons are incredibly poor. However, these downsides come with advantages. These cannons have lots of explosive filler, especially in the Universal belt. They are | + | The Type 99 cannons are a bit tricky to use compared to German, Russian, or American counterparts. They have an extremely low rate of fire, of 450 rounds per minute, and poor velocity as well. Furthermore, the stock belts for these cannons are incredibly poor. However, these downsides come with advantages. These cannons have lots of explosive filler, especially in the Universal belt. They are potent WW2 cannons, due to the 12 grams of TNT inside the rounds. Moreover, the seemingly small ammo count is actually made copious by the cannons' low rate of fire. |
− | These cannons are | + | These cannons are always mounted in the wings of fighters. As a result, you will need to set your gun convergence to 300 m or so, as these guns have low velocity. The guns are really good for dogfighting, as they are best used up close, as many Japanese aviators say. |
=== Available ammunition === | === Available ammunition === | ||
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| Stealth || 22 || 20 || 15 || 10 || 7 || 5 | | Stealth || 22 || 20 || 15 || 10 || 7 || 5 | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | | + | | Armoured targets (turret) || 22 || 20 || 15 || 10 || 7 || 5 |
|- | |- | ||
| Air targets (turret) || 22 || 20 || 15 || 10 || 7 || 5 | | Air targets (turret) || 22 || 20 || 15 || 10 || 7 || 5 | ||
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− | The cannon is very useful in close range dogfights, as the rounds usually rip a wing off very quickly. It is quite easy to land shots with these cannons. | + | The cannon is very useful in close range dogfights, as the rounds usually rip a wing off very quickly. It is quite easy to land shots with these cannons. The Tracer Rounds (HEF-T) only have half the explosive mass of the standard (HEF) round. Tracers do not give good damage output for this reason, and the more viable belt would be Universal, or Stealth. |
=== Pros and cons === | === Pros and cons === | ||
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* ''other literature.'' --> | * ''other literature.'' --> | ||
− | * [http://www.warbirdsresourcegroup.org/IJARG/arm-type99.html [Warbirds Resource Group | + | * [http://www.warbirdsresourcegroup.org/IJARG/arm-type99.html <nowiki>[Warbirds Resource Group]</nowiki> Type 99 cannon] |
{{USA aircraft cannons}} | {{USA aircraft cannons}} |
Revision as of 07:38, 14 September 2022
This page is about the Japanese cannon Type 99 Model 1 (20 mm). For the other version, see Type 99 Model 2 (20 mm). For other uses, see Type 99 (Disambiguation). |
Contents
Description
The 20 mm Type 99 Model 1 is a Japanese aircraft cannon, one of the most commonly used by the IJN. It can be found on the defensive turrets of quite a few bombers, as well as many early fighters. The cannon is on par with those of other nations, and it has a decent damage potential while having a low rate of fire.
Vehicles equipped with this weapon
Vehicles equipped with this weapon | |
---|---|
Fighters | |
A6M2 | A6M2 · ␗A6M2 · ▃A6M2 · A6M2 mod. 11 · A6M2-N |
A6M3 | A6M3 · A6M3 mod. 22 |
J2M | J2M3 · J2M4 Kai · J2M5 |
N1K | N1K1 |
Bombers | |
G4M | G4M1 (Defensive) |
G5N | G5N1 (Defensive) |
H6K | H6K4 (Defensive) |
H8K | H8K2 (Defensive) · H8K3 (Defensive) |
P1Y | P1Y1 mod. 11 (Defensive) · ␗P1Y1 mod. 11 (Defensive) |
General info
The Type 99 cannons are a bit tricky to use compared to German, Russian, or American counterparts. They have an extremely low rate of fire, of 450 rounds per minute, and poor velocity as well. Furthermore, the stock belts for these cannons are incredibly poor. However, these downsides come with advantages. These cannons have lots of explosive filler, especially in the Universal belt. They are potent WW2 cannons, due to the 12 grams of TNT inside the rounds. Moreover, the seemingly small ammo count is actually made copious by the cannons' low rate of fire.
These cannons are always mounted in the wings of fighters. As a result, you will need to set your gun convergence to 300 m or so, as these guns have low velocity. The guns are really good for dogfighting, as they are best used up close, as many Japanese aviators say.
Available ammunition
- Default: T · HEF-I · HEF-I · AP-I
- Universal: HEF-T · HEF · HEF · AP
- Ground targets: AP-I · AP-I · AP · AP · HEF · HEF-T
- Tracers: HEF-T
- Stealth: HEF · HEF · HEF · AP · AP
- Default (turret): T · HEF · AP-I
- Armoured targets (turret): HEF-T · AP · AP-I · AP · AP-I
- Air targets (turret): HEF · HEF-T · HEF · AP · HEF-T
Penetration statistics | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Belt | Penetration @ 0° Angle of Attack (mm) | |||||
10 m | 100 m | 500 m | 1,000 m | 1,500 m | 2,000 m | |
Default | 22 | 20 | 15 | 10 | 7 | 5 |
Universal | 22 | 20 | 15 | 10 | 7 | 5 |
Ground targets | 22 | 20 | 15 | 10 | 7 | 5 |
Tracers | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 |
Stealth | 22 | 20 | 15 | 10 | 7 | 5 |
Armoured targets (turret) | 22 | 20 | 15 | 10 | 7 | 5 |
Air targets (turret) | 22 | 20 | 15 | 10 | 7 | 5 |
Belt details | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Belt | Type of warhead |
Velocity (m/s) |
Projectile Mass (kg) |
Fuse delay (m) |
Fuse sensitivity (mm) |
Explosive Mass (TNT equivalent) (g) |
Ricochet | ||
0% | 50% | 100% | |||||||
Tracers | HEF-T | 588 | 0.13 | 0.3 | 0.1 | 6.05 | 79° | 80° | 81° |
Comparison with analogues
Compared with guns like the MG 151, the Type 99 cannons are no match. However, these cannons have better damage output than most cannons of other nations. However, there is still ongoing debate regarding the Ho-5, Japan's land based fighter standard cannon. The Ho-5 performs consistently better than the type 99, as the Ho-5 is mounted in the nose, has double the rate of fire, and is excellent at sniping pilots. However, Ho-5's have poor ammo count, so the type 99 is better for pilots who want consistent, steady, slow damage.
Difference Between the Model 1 and Model 2
The Type 99 model 2 cannon is arguably better than the model 1. Although it has a lower rate of fire, the Model 2 cannon has really good belts that rip through enemy fighters. The model 2 also has improved accuracy, due to the longer barrel of the cannon.
Usage in battles
The cannon is very useful in close range dogfights, as the rounds usually rip a wing off very quickly. It is quite easy to land shots with these cannons. The Tracer Rounds (HEF-T) only have half the explosive mass of the standard (HEF) round. Tracers do not give good damage output for this reason, and the more viable belt would be Universal, or Stealth.
Pros and cons
Pros:
- HEF has wonderful damage output
- Universal belt can shred opponents in a short burst when well aimed
- Useful in close range dogfights, combined with turn and burn tactics
Cons:
- Low velocity
- Low rate of fire
- Ammo count is meagre
- HEF-I ammo lacks damage output results in a painful stock grind
- Low penetration thus ineffective in a ground attack role
- Poor as a defensive turret, cannot reliably down pursuing fighters
History
The Type 99 Mark 1 was adopted by the Japanese for both fixed and flexible installations. The fixed installation was developed first, as a fighter gun fed by a 60-round drum magazine, mounted in the wings of the famous Mitsubishi A6M Zeke or Zero. A flexible version, initially developed for the Mitsubishi G3M bomber, was inverted to put the ammunition drum below the line of sight of the gunner. Smaller drums (15, 30 or 45 rounds) were used on flexible installations where space was limited.
The limited ammunition capacity was an important disadvantage. The Type 99 Mark 1 Fixed Model 3 could be equipped with a 100-round drum, but the size of the drum was itself a problem in fighter installations, although the Model 3 guns were installed on the initial production versions of the A6M3. A more practical solution was provided by the Type 99 Mark 1 Fixed Model 4, which featured a Kawamura-developed belt feed mechanism..
Media
Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.
See also
External links
USA aircraft cannons | |
---|---|
20 mm | AN/M2 · Browning-Colt Mk12 Mod 0 · Browning-Colt Mk12 Mod 3 · FMC T-160 |
M3 · M24A1 · M39 · M39A1 · M39A2 · M39A3 · M61A1 · M195 · M197 · Mk 11 · Mk 11 mod 5 · T31 | |
30 mm | M230E-1 · XM140 · GAU-8/A · GAU-13/A · LR30 |
37 mm | M4 · M9 · M10 |
40 mm | M75 · M129 |
75 mm | M10 · T13E1 |
Foreign: | |
20 mm | Hispano 404 (France) · Hispano Mk.II (Britain) · MG 151 (Germany) · Type 99 Model 1 (Japan) |
30 mm | ADEN Mk.4 (Britain) |
Japan aircraft cannons | |
---|---|
20 mm | Ho-1 · Ho-3 · Ho-5 · Type 99 Model 1 · Type 99 Model 2 |
30 mm | Ho-155 · Type 5 |
37 mm | Ho-203 · Ho-204 · Type 94 |
40 mm | Ho-301 |
57 mm | Ho-401 |
75 mm | Type 88 |
Foreign: | |
20 mm | M39A3 (USA) · M61A1 (USA) · M197 (USA) · MG FF (Germany) · MG FF/M (Germany) · MG 151 (Germany) |
30 mm | GAU-13/A (USA) · M230E-1 (USA) |
China aircraft cannons | |
---|---|
23 mm | Type 23-1 · Type 23-2K · Type 23-3 · Type 23L |
30 mm | Type 30-1 |
Foreign | |
20 mm | AN/M2 (USA) · B-20E (USSR) · Hispano 404 (France) · Hispano Mk.II (Britain) · Ho-3 (Japan) · Ho-5 (Japan) |
M39A1 (USA) · M39A2 (USA) · M39A3 (USA) · M61A1 (USA) · M197 (USA) · ShVAK (USSR) · Type 99 Model 1 (Japan) | |
23 mm | NR-23 (USSR) · NS-23 (USSR) · NS-23K (USSR) |
30 mm | GAU-13/A (USA) |
37 mm | Ho-203 (Japan) · N-37D (USSR) |