Difference between revisions of "AH-64D"

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{{Specs-Card|code=ah_64d}}
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{{About
 +
| about = American attack helicopter '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
 +
| usage = other versions
 +
| link = AH-64 (Family)
 +
}}
 +
{{Specs-Card
 +
|code=ah_64d
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|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
 +
}}
  
 
== Description ==
 
== Description ==
 
<!-- ''In the description, the first part should be about the history of and the creation and combat usage of the helicopter, as well as its key features. In the second part, tell the reader about the helicopter in the game. Insert a screenshot of the vehicle, so that if the novice player does not remember the vehicle by name, he will immediately understand what kind of vehicle the article is talking about.'' -->
 
<!-- ''In the description, the first part should be about the history of and the creation and combat usage of the helicopter, as well as its key features. In the second part, tell the reader about the helicopter in the game. Insert a screenshot of the vehicle, so that if the novice player does not remember the vehicle by name, he will immediately understand what kind of vehicle the article is talking about.'' -->
−
[[File:GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg|420px|thumb|left]]
+
Following studies done in the late 1980s on the [[AH-64A|AH-64A Apache]], and funding in 1991, the US Army began to look at upgrading their existing fleet of aircraft. Special attention was focused on equipping the helicopter with the AN/APG-78 Longbow radar from Northrop Grumman, which would allow the helicopter to operate even in bad weather conditions and over water, and also simplified the targeting of weapons. In 1992, McDonnell Douglas presented four prototype helicopters with a new radar mounted above the rotor hub, and by 1995, mass production of the helicopter began under the designation '''AH-64D Apache Longbow'''. In addition to the radar, the helicopter also received improved General Electric T700-GE-701C engines, updated electronics, avionics, and the ability to carry the latest weapons. Subsequently, all AH-64As of the US Army were converted into the AH-64D version, and in total more than 1,000 helicopters of this version were built, which are also actively sold for export.
−
{{Break}}
+
 
−
The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} American attack helicopter {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.97 "Viking Fury"]].
+
Introduced in [[Update 1.97 "Viking Fury"]], the '''AH-64D''' retains the good flight characteristics of its [[AH-64A|predecessor]], but also features new systems, including the more powerful AGM-114K Hellfire II missiles and a MAW system which can automatically deploy countermeasures when an incoming missile launch is detected. However, the main and most distinctive feature of the new variant is the radar, which is capable of detecting and tracking both air and ground targets.
  
 
== General info ==
 
== General info ==
 
=== Flight performance ===
 
=== Flight performance ===
−
<!--''Describe how the helicopter behaves in the air. Speed, manoeuvrability, acceleration and allowable loads - these are the most important characteristics of the vehicle.''-->
+
{{Specs-Heli-Flight}}
−
The AH-64D Longbow, provides great manoeuvrability, incredible acceleration and overall providing a great speed of up to 325 km/h in arcade and 300 km/h in realistic and simulator game modes. An AH-64D Longbow is able to do manoeuvres other helicopters can only dream about, from barrel roles, flips to loops which allow it to evade enemy missiles with ease.  
+
<!-- ''Describe how the helicopter behaves in the air. Speed, manoeuvrability, acceleration and allowable loads - these are the most important characteristics of the vehicle.'' -->
 +
The AH-64D Longbow, provides great manoeuvrability, incredible acceleration and overall providing a great speed of up to 319 km/h in arcade and 295 km/h in realistic and simulator game modes. It is as fast as the Japanese [[AH-64DJP]] but the title of fastest AH-64D belongs to the British Army variant called the [[AH Mk.1]]. The U.S. Army AH-64D Longbow is able to do manoeuvres other helicopters can only dream about, from barrel roles, flips to loops. Which allow it to evade enemy missiles with ease and surprise, poor enemy tankers who will be helpless to defeat it.
  
 
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
 
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
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|-
 
|-
 
! Stock
 
! Stock
−
|271||253|| rowspan="2" | 5,400 <!-- {{Specs|ceiling}} -->
+
| 271 || 253 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}}
 
|-
 
|-
 
! Upgraded
 
! Upgraded
−
|319||295
+
| 319 || 295
 
|-
 
|-
 
|}
 
|}
  
 
=== Survivability and armour ===
 
=== Survivability and armour ===
−
<!--''Examine the survivability of the helicopter. Note how vulnerable the structure is and how secure the pilot is, whether the fuel tanks are armoured, etc. Describe the armour, if there is any, and also mention the vulnerability of other critical systems.''-->
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[[File:AH-64D Armor Values.jpg|thumb|300px|Kevlar boron carbide armour on AH-64D]]
−
The AH-64D Apache longbow, has only limited armour protection installed with bullet proof glass only being installed on the pilot windscreen. The helicopter uses Kevlar boron carbide, composite martial which is limited only to instrument, floor and side panels around the cockpit. It does not provide the same level of protection as seen on other helicopters such as the '''[[Mi-28N]]'''.      
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[[File:AH-64D Bulletproof Glass Stats.jpg|thumb|300px|Bulletproof glass armour rating]]
 +
{{Specs-Heli-Armour}}
 +
<!-- ''Examine the survivability of the helicopter. Note how vulnerable the structure is and how secure the pilot is, whether the fuel tanks are armoured, etc. Describe the armour, if there is any, and also mention the vulnerability of other critical systems.'' -->
 +
The AH-64D Apache longbow, has only limited armour protection installed with bullet proof glass only being installed on the pilot windscreen. The helicopter uses Kevlar boron carbide, composite martial which is limited only to instrument, floor and side panels around the cockpit. It does not provide the same level of protection as seen on other helicopters such as the [[Mi-28N]].
  
−
* Bullet proof glass installed only for the pilot - 22 mm thick.  
+
* Bullet proof glass installed only for the pilot - 22 mm thick.
 
* Installation of Kevlar boron carbide, composite martial only on the: Seats, cockpit side panels, Gunner floor panels and pilot instrument panel - 20 mm thick.
 
* Installation of Kevlar boron carbide, composite martial only on the: Seats, cockpit side panels, Gunner floor panels and pilot instrument panel - 20 mm thick.
 +
 +
=== Modifications and economy ===
 +
{{Specs-Economy}}
  
 
== Armaments ==
 
== Armaments ==
 +
{{Specs-Heli-Armaments}}
 +
[[File:AH-64D Defender.jpg|thumb|300px|AH-64D in Fulda]]
 +
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
 +
|-
 +
! colspan="3" | [[Ballistic Computer]]
 +
|-
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! CCIP (Guns) !! CCIP (Rockets) !! CCIP (Bombs)
 +
|-
 +
| {{Tick}} || {{Tick}} || {{Cross}}
 +
|-
 +
|}
 
=== Offensive armament ===
 
=== Offensive armament ===
 +
{{Specs-Heli-Offensive}}
 
<!-- ''Describe the offensive armament of the helicopter, if any. Describe how effective the cannons and machine guns are in battle, also what ammunition belts or drums are better to use. If there is no offensive weaponry, delete this subsection.'' -->
 
<!-- ''Describe the offensive armament of the helicopter, if any. Describe how effective the cannons and machine guns are in battle, also what ammunition belts or drums are better to use. If there is no offensive weaponry, delete this subsection.'' -->
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{{main|AIM-92 Stinger|M230E-1 (30 mm)}}
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{{main|M230E-1 (30 mm)}}
  
 
The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:
 
The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:
  
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* A choice between two presets:
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* 1 x 30 mm M230E-1 cannon, chin turret (1,200 rpg)
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** 1 x 30 mm M230E-1 cannon (1,200 rpg)
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* 30 x countermeasures
−
** 1 x 30 mm M230E-1 cannon (1,200 rpg) + 4 x AIM-92 Stinger missiles
 
  
 
=== Suspended armament ===
 
=== Suspended armament ===
 +
{{Specs-Heli-Suspended}}
 
<!-- ''Describe the helicopter's suspended armament: additional cannons under the winglets, any bombs, and rockets. Since any helicopter is essentially only a platform for suspended weaponry, this section is significant and deserves your special attention. If there is no suspended weaponry remove this subsection.'' -->
 
<!-- ''Describe the helicopter's suspended armament: additional cannons under the winglets, any bombs, and rockets. Since any helicopter is essentially only a platform for suspended weaponry, this section is significant and deserves your special attention. If there is no suspended weaponry remove this subsection.'' -->
−
{{main|AGM-114K Hellfire II|Hydra-70 M247}}
 
  
 
The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance:
 
The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance:
  
 +
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
 +
|-
 +
! !! width="7%" | 1 !! width="7%" | 2 !! width="7%" | 3 !! width="7%" | 4 !! width="7%" | 5 !! width="7%" | 6
 +
| rowspan="7" width="25%" | <div class="ttx-image">[[File:Hardpoints_AH-64A_(Israel).png]]</div>
 +
|-
 +
! [[Hydra-70 M247]] rockets
 +
| || 19 || 19 || 19 || 19 ||
 +
|-
 +
! [[AGM-114K Hellfire II]] missiles
 +
| || 2, 4 || 2, 4 || 2, 4 || 2, 4 ||
 +
|-
 +
! [[APKWS II (M151)]] missiles
 +
| || 7 || 7 || 7 || 7 ||
 +
|-
 +
! [[APKWS II (M282)]] missiles
 +
| || 7 || 7 || 7 || 7 ||
 +
|-
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! [[ATAS (AIM-92)]] missiles
 +
| 2 || || || || || 2
 +
|-
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! Countermeasures
 +
| 60 || || || || || 60
 +
|-
 +
| colspan="8" | * Both countermeasure pods must be equipped together
 +
|}
 +
 +
{{Navigation-Start|Default weapon presets}}
 +
{{Navigation-First-Simple-Line}}
 +
 +
* Without load
 +
* 4 x ATAS (AIM-92) missiles
 
* 76 x Hydra-70 M247 rockets
 
* 76 x Hydra-70 M247 rockets
 +
* 28 x APKWS II (M151) missiles
 +
* 28 x APKWS II (M282) missiles
 +
* 4 x AGM-114K Hellfire II missiles
 
* 8 x AGM-114K Hellfire II missiles
 
* 8 x AGM-114K Hellfire II missiles
−
* 4 x AGM-114K Hellfire II missiles + 38 x Hydra-70 M247 rockets
 
−
* 8 x AGM-114K Hellfire II missiles + 38 x Hydra-70 M247 rockets
 
 
* 16 x AGM-114K Hellfire II missiles
 
* 16 x AGM-114K Hellfire II missiles
 +
* 120 x countermeasures
 +
{{Navigation-End}}
  
 
=== Defensive systems ===
 
=== Defensive systems ===
−
<!--''Defensive armament with turret machine guns or cannons, crewed by gunners. Examine the number of gunners and what belts or drums are better to use. If defensive weaponry is not available, remove this subsection.''-->  
+
<!--''Defensive armament with turret machine guns or cannons, crewed by gunners. Examine the number of gunners and what belts or drums are better to use. If defensive weaponry is not available, remove this subsection.''-->
−
The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' only has the following Defensive systems installed:  
+
[[File:AH-64D Countermeasures.jpg|thumb|300px|AH-64D dispenses flare series as a countermeasure against heat-seeking missiles.]]
 +
The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' has the following defensive systems installed:
  
−
*'''F-Flairs''' - Up to 150 flairs can be installed.
+
*'''Countermeasures''' - Up to 150 countermeasures can be installed.
−
*'''IRCM''' - Infrared Counter Measures.
 
 
*'''AMASE''' - Apache Modular Aircraft Survivability Equipment.
 
*'''AMASE''' - Apache Modular Aircraft Survivability Equipment.
−
*'''AIM-9/ICM''' - Aim 92 stingers and Infrared Counter Measures.
+
*'''AIM-92 Stinger''' - AIM 92 Stinger missiles
  
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When unlocked, flairs are not installed - this requires '''IRCM''' module to be researched and installed, this provides up to 30 F-Flairs. The next module called '''AMASE''' provides up to 150 F-Flairs, the additional 110 F-Flairs are installed on the wingtips of the helicopter. Then the last module called '''AIM-9/ICM''' allows for the installation of a maximum of four AIM-92 stinger missiles, which two are mounted on each wing tip, 30 F-Flairs & IRCM module.
+
When unlocked, countermeasures are not installed - this requires the Flares/Chaff module (tier I) to be researched and installed, this provides up to 30 countermeasures. The next module called AMASE (tier II) provides up to 150 countermeasures, the additional 120 countermeasures are installed on the wingtips of the helicopter. Then the last module called AIM-92 Stinger (tier III) allows for the installation of a maximum of four AIM-92 Stinger missiles, which two are mounted on each wing tip.
  
 
== Usage in battles ==
 
== Usage in battles ==
 
<!-- ''Describe the tactics of playing in a helicopter, the features of using the helicopter in a team and advice on tactics. Refrain from creating a "guide" - do not impose a single point of view, but instead, give the reader food for thought. Examine the most dangerous enemies and give recommendations on fighting them. If necessary, note the specifics of the game in different modes (AB, RB, SB).'' -->
 
<!-- ''Describe the tactics of playing in a helicopter, the features of using the helicopter in a team and advice on tactics. Refrain from creating a "guide" - do not impose a single point of view, but instead, give the reader food for thought. Examine the most dangerous enemies and give recommendations on fighting them. If necessary, note the specifics of the game in different modes (AB, RB, SB).'' -->
  
−
'''Overview:'''
+
'''Overview'''
  
 
The AH-64D is very similar to the [[AH-64A]] Apache. The differences are the lack of an option to carry AIM-9L missiles, the new Longbow radar, improved Hellfires, and an improved ECM package. The Apache is an excellent helicopter for attacking ground targets, and can also hold its own against many enemy aircraft. Through adequate use of cover, teamwork, and game sense, the Apache can easily dismantle enemy teams. An Apache pilot must understand all of the tools at their disposal.
 
The AH-64D is very similar to the [[AH-64A]] Apache. The differences are the lack of an option to carry AIM-9L missiles, the new Longbow radar, improved Hellfires, and an improved ECM package. The Apache is an excellent helicopter for attacking ground targets, and can also hold its own against many enemy aircraft. Through adequate use of cover, teamwork, and game sense, the Apache can easily dismantle enemy teams. An Apache pilot must understand all of the tools at their disposal.
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The Apache has an arsenal of weapons. The most effective anti-tank weapon in the Apache's arsenal is the AGM-114 Hellfire, which uses a top attack trajectory to destroy ground vehicles. There is functionally very little difference between the AGM-114B and K variants, used on early and late Apaches respectively.
 
The Apache has an arsenal of weapons. The most effective anti-tank weapon in the Apache's arsenal is the AGM-114 Hellfire, which uses a top attack trajectory to destroy ground vehicles. There is functionally very little difference between the AGM-114B and K variants, used on early and late Apaches respectively.
  
−
'''Staying Alive:'''
+
'''Staying alive:'''
  
 
Flying the Apache effectively can be more difficult than most players would imagine, processing information from optical sights, radar displays, and the radar warning receiver all at once can lead to information overload. If distracted by irrelevant information, a pilot can quickly lose situational awareness. Being successful in the Apache requires situational awareness above all else. Due to the fragility of the helicopter, any blindspot can lead to a quick and sudden death. Additionally, the mobility of the Apache is adequate but not impressive, so evasive manoeuvres are not always effective.
 
Flying the Apache effectively can be more difficult than most players would imagine, processing information from optical sights, radar displays, and the radar warning receiver all at once can lead to information overload. If distracted by irrelevant information, a pilot can quickly lose situational awareness. Being successful in the Apache requires situational awareness above all else. Due to the fragility of the helicopter, any blindspot can lead to a quick and sudden death. Additionally, the mobility of the Apache is adequate but not impressive, so evasive manoeuvres are not always effective.
  
−
Using cover is a very important part of staying alive in the Apache. Always stay behind a hill or building in ground battles. When exposing yourself in order to fire on the enemy, be mindful to not gain too much altitude. Most importantly, ''Always listen to your RWR and MAW.'' If you hear an alarm, take evasive action immediately.
+
Using cover is a very important part of staying alive in the Apache. Always stay behind a hill or building in ground battles. When exposing yourself in order to fire on the enemy, be mindful to not gain too much altitude. Most importantly, always listen to your RWR and MAW. If you hear an alarm, take evasive action immediately.
  
 
The biggest improvement of the later Apache variants is the ability to mount the Longbow radar system. This system, if used properly, will help maintain situational awareness.
 
The biggest improvement of the later Apache variants is the ability to mount the Longbow radar system. This system, if used properly, will help maintain situational awareness.
Line 88: Line 148:
 
Additionally, it is important to know when to use flares. Flares are extremely effective against heat-seeking missiles, but useless against any other missiles. It is the responsibility of the Apache pilot to recognize the threat and decide whether to use flares or not. For Apaches with MAW (missile alert warning), there is an option for flares to be dispensed automatically.
 
Additionally, it is important to know when to use flares. Flares are extremely effective against heat-seeking missiles, but useless against any other missiles. It is the responsibility of the Apache pilot to recognize the threat and decide whether to use flares or not. For Apaches with MAW (missile alert warning), there is an option for flares to be dispensed automatically.
  
−
'''Using the Longbow Radar:'''
+
'''Using the Longbow radar'''
  
−
The radar of the Apache should be used as a secondary tool when engaging ground targets. As of update 1.99.1.45, the radar is not effective in obtaining target lock for ground vehicles. The AGM-114L radar guided Hellfire is not in the game, so guidance of Hellfires should be done by using the FLIR thermal imaging camera to lase targets. However, the radar is still useful in detecting enemy aircraft. By using the multi-function menu to switch radar mode, the radar will begin to search for air rather than ground targets. Keeping track of enemy aircraft is vital to survival in the Apache, as any plane can make quick work of the Apache if the helicopter is unprepared.
+
The radar of the Apache should be used as a secondary tool when engaging ground targets. The radar is not effective in obtaining target lock for ground vehicles. The AGM-114L radar guided Hellfire is not in the game, so guidance of Hellfires should be done by using the FLIR thermal imaging camera to lase targets. However, the radar is still useful in detecting enemy aircraft. By using the multi-function menu to switch radar mode, the radar will begin to search for air rather than ground targets. Keeping track of enemy aircraft is vital to survival in the Apache, as any plane can make quick work of the Apache if the helicopter is unprepared.
  
−
'''Air-to-Air (Stinger and Gun):'''
+
'''Air-to-air (Stinger and gun)'''
  
 
The Apache is surprisingly potent in air-to-air combat. Engagements should be conducted primarily through the use of the Stinger missile. The Stinger is a simple but effective air-to-air missile. It has an excellent seeker head and can obtain all aspect lock on almost any air target within 3-5 km (even propeller aircraft with a low heat signature). However, the Stinger can be easily fooled by flares or outmanoeuvred by a fast enemy aircraft. The best way to use the Stinger against enemy aircraft is when they are heading directly towards you. If fired at the right second, most enemies will struggle to dodge a Stinger.
 
The Apache is surprisingly potent in air-to-air combat. Engagements should be conducted primarily through the use of the Stinger missile. The Stinger is a simple but effective air-to-air missile. It has an excellent seeker head and can obtain all aspect lock on almost any air target within 3-5 km (even propeller aircraft with a low heat signature). However, the Stinger can be easily fooled by flares or outmanoeuvred by a fast enemy aircraft. The best way to use the Stinger against enemy aircraft is when they are heading directly towards you. If fired at the right second, most enemies will struggle to dodge a Stinger.
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If the enemy gets close, the 30 mm autocannon can be extremely effective. The gun will automatically aim with optical lock, so Apache pilots can aim accurately while taking evasive manoeuvres.
 
If the enemy gets close, the 30 mm autocannon can be extremely effective. The gun will automatically aim with optical lock, so Apache pilots can aim accurately while taking evasive manoeuvres.
  
−
'''Close Range Air-to-Ground (Gun and Rockets):'''
+
'''Close-range air-to-ground (gun and rockets)'''
  
 
At close range, the Apache has excellent offensive capability. The 30 mm autocannon is incredibly accurate even at surprisingly far distances. This cannon uses a High Explosive Dual Purpose round that can engage lightly armoured targets. Rocket pods can also be used, with the CCIP computer helping maintain accuracy even at further distances. Be careful when trying to use the Hellfire missile at close range. It can do a direct attack at closer ranges (rather than its usual top attack) but if fired at an odd angle, it may not have time to manoeuvre onto the target if fired at closer ranges.
 
At close range, the Apache has excellent offensive capability. The 30 mm autocannon is incredibly accurate even at surprisingly far distances. This cannon uses a High Explosive Dual Purpose round that can engage lightly armoured targets. Rocket pods can also be used, with the CCIP computer helping maintain accuracy even at further distances. Be careful when trying to use the Hellfire missile at close range. It can do a direct attack at closer ranges (rather than its usual top attack) but if fired at an odd angle, it may not have time to manoeuvre onto the target if fired at closer ranges.
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[[File:HellfireTrajectory.png|thumb]]
 
[[File:HellfireTrajectory.png|thumb]]
−
'''Long Range Air-to-Ground (Hellfire): '''
+
'''Long-range air-to-ground (Hellfire)'''
  
 
At longer ranges, the Hellfire missile can be used to full effect. The Hellfire will guide on its target as shown in the attached diagram. This is known as top attack. Being that it takes this path to the enemy target, the Hellfire can take upward of 30 seconds to reach its target at longer ranges. Do not fire at enemies that are about to move to cover, and make sure to fire multiple missiles at once in order to deal maximum damage. Because the Hellfire is laser guided, multiple missiles can be fired at once. They should be fired at intervals of 5-10 seconds, where between missiles the Apache can switch to a new ground target. This will allow for the quick destruction of multiple enemies. This tactic can be incredibly effective. Although the time to target for the most recently fired Hellfire is available on the HUD, pilots will have to keep track of all the missiles they have fired by memory and quick calculations.
 
At longer ranges, the Hellfire missile can be used to full effect. The Hellfire will guide on its target as shown in the attached diagram. This is known as top attack. Being that it takes this path to the enemy target, the Hellfire can take upward of 30 seconds to reach its target at longer ranges. Do not fire at enemies that are about to move to cover, and make sure to fire multiple missiles at once in order to deal maximum damage. Because the Hellfire is laser guided, multiple missiles can be fired at once. They should be fired at intervals of 5-10 seconds, where between missiles the Apache can switch to a new ground target. This will allow for the quick destruction of multiple enemies. This tactic can be incredibly effective. Although the time to target for the most recently fired Hellfire is available on the HUD, pilots will have to keep track of all the missiles they have fired by memory and quick calculations.
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{{Clear}}
 
{{Clear}}
  
−
=== Modules ===
 
−
{| class="wikitable"
 
−
! Tier
 
−
! colspan="2" | Flight performance
 
−
! Survivability
 
−
! colspan="3" | Weaponry
 
−
|-
 
−
| I
 
−
|Compressor
 
−
|
 
−
|Flak jacket
 
−
|
 
−
|
 
−
|New 30 mm cannons
 
−
|-
 
−
| II
 
−
|
 
−
|
 
−
|Helicopter frame
 
−
|AGM-114
 
−
|IRCM
 
−
|
 
−
|-
 
−
| III
 
−
|Engine
 
−
|Replacing helicopter blades
 
−
|NVD
 
−
|
 
−
|AMASE
 
−
|
 
−
|-
 
−
| IV
 
−
|
 
−
|
 
−
|Cover
 
−
|AGM-114 2
 
−
|AIM-92/ICM
 
−
|
 
−
|-
 
−
|}
 
 
=== Pros and cons ===
 
=== Pros and cons ===
 
<!-- ''Summarise and briefly evaluate the vehicle in terms of its characteristics and combat effectiveness. Mark its pros and cons in the bulleted list. Try not to use more than 6 points for each of the characteristics. Avoid using categorical definitions such as "bad", "good" and the like - use substitutions with softer forms such as "inadequate" and "effective".'' -->
 
<!-- ''Summarise and briefly evaluate the vehicle in terms of its characteristics and combat effectiveness. Mark its pros and cons in the bulleted list. Try not to use more than 6 points for each of the characteristics. Avoid using categorical definitions such as "bad", "good" and the like - use substitutions with softer forms such as "inadequate" and "effective".'' -->
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'''Pros:'''
 
'''Pros:'''
  
−
* Excellent ground attack armaments like the unique Hellfire missile and accurate 30 mm cannon
+
* Excellent ground attack armaments (Hellfire missiles and 30 mm autocannon)
−
* Adequate air-to-air capability with the Stinger missile and radar
+
* Excellent air-to-air capability with the Stinger missile and radar
 
* Adequate speed and manoeuvrability
 
* Adequate speed and manoeuvrability
−
* Advanced countermeasure system with Radar Warning Receiver and Missile Alert Warning
+
* Advanced countermeasure system with radar warning receiver (RWR) and Missile Alert Warning
 
* Longbow radar
 
* Longbow radar
  
 
'''Cons:'''
 
'''Cons:'''
  
−
* Hellfire missiles have a long time to target
+
* Hellfire missiles have limited self-guidance abilities from certain positions
−
* Easily destroyed by '''''[[Ka-50]]''''' & '''''[[Ka-52]]''''' and enemy airplanes
+
* Hellfire missiles need line-of-sight for guidance.
−
* Does not have "Fire and Forget" Hellfire missiles
+
* Easily destroyed by main adversary ([[Ka-50]] & [[Ka-52]]) and enemy aircraft
  
 
== History ==
 
== History ==
−
''Describe the history of the creation and combat usage of the helicopter in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the vehicle and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Vehicle-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>. This section may also include the vehicle's dev blog entry (if applicable) and the in-game encyclopedia description (under <code><nowiki>=== In-game description ===</nowiki></code>, also if applicable).''
+
<!-- ''Describe the history of the creation and combat usage of the helicopter in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the vehicle and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Vehicle-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>. This section may also include the vehicle's dev blog entry (if applicable) and the in-game encyclopedia description (under <code><nowiki>=== In-game description ===</nowiki></code>, also if applicable).'' -->
 +
 
 +
The '''AH-64D Apache Longbow''' (aka. Longbow Apache) is an improved version of the AH-64A/B Apache (the AH-64B was not a production designation but instead was a proposed designation), with new and upgraded avionics and weaponry.<ref name=":0">(Ian and Seabridge 345)</ref> The aircraft is powered by two T700-GE-701C engines and features many of the integrated target acquisition and designator sights as its predecessor.
 +
 
 +
'''Design and Development'''[[File:US Army AH-64D.jpg|thumb|330x202px|An AH-64D tests the AGM-179 JAGM at the Yuma Proving Ground.]]
 +
 
 +
In the late 1980s, studies were underway to upgrade the AH-64A/B. The US Army began to draft plans to upgrade the fleet, with upgrades centered around the new Northrop Grumman mast-mounted fire control radar (FCR) designated AN/APG-78, more commonly known as the Longbow fire control radar.<ref name=":0" /> With funding beginning in 1991, McDonnell Douglas converted four AH-64As in 1992 as a proof of concept. After this, production of the AH-64D and remanufacture of the original 64A/B versions, began. The US Army intended to procure a total of 227 AH-64Ds fitted with the AN/APG-78 "Longbow" FCR, and 531 of the 64C variant, which did not include the FCR but included all other avionic modifications.<ref name=":0" /> However, the C designation was dropped in 1993, as the radar could be moved from one aircraft to another, and the decision was made to designate both versions as the AH-64D.
 +
 
 +
The Longbow is a mast-mounted fire control radar (FCR) designated AN/APG-78. The FCR is a multimode millimetric wave (MMW) radar<ref name=":0" /> and it allows the usage of AGM-114L/K Hellfire 2 anti-tank guided missiles. Compared to previous Hellfire variants that required a continuous line-of-sight for the laser designator, the Hellfire 2 has fire-and-forget capability. The Longbow has four modes of operation, air-targeting mode, ground-targeting mode, terrain-profiling mode and a fourth monitoring mode that isolates electronic failures for maintenance and testing.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1">(Ian and Seabridge 346)</ref>
 +
 
 +
The AH-64D also features improved electronics and avionics, including improved GPS, a new radio-frequency interferometer (RFI) - the AN/APR-48A, and improved Doppler velocity rate sensor. The RFI is used to monitor and identify threat radars and also when threat emitters are tracking the helicopter.<ref name=":1" /> In addition, the landing gear fairings and forward avionics bay are extended forward in order to accommodate the extra equipment. On each side of the cockpit, the new avionics are hosted in extended forward avionic bays (EFABs).<ref name=":2">(Ian and Seabridge 347)</ref> The Longbow can also detect, classify, and track up to 128 targets simultaneously, engaging up to 16 at once. It can "see" through fog and smoke, which can prevent the operation of infrared or TV systems.
 +
 
 +
'''Operational History'''
 +
 
 +
Originally entering service in 1995, the US Army ordered 530 more AH-64A/B variants to be upgraded to the AH-64D variant in 1999. Other nations that had purchased or shown an interest in the Longbow Apache (new and/or upgraded 64A/Bs) are: the United Kingdom, the Netherlands, Singapore, Israel, Egypt and Kuwait.<ref name=":0" /> The AH-64D is in service with the United States, the United Kingdom, Egypt, Greece, Kuwait, Singapore, the UAE, Israel, and the Netherlands.
 +
 
 +
The Longbow Apache is flown by a two-person crew composed of a pilot and copilot gunner (CPG) and is capable of carrying the following weapons:<ref name=":3">(Ian and Seabridge 349)</ref>
 +
 
 +
* Up to 16 AGM-114 Hellfire missiles (the 111K variant was used with dual seeker capability: pulsed radar or semi-active laser guidance with a range of >8km (5 miles).
 +
* Hydra 70 rocket pod
 +
* M 320 30mm 'chain gun' that could be slaved to the pilot/CPG's helmet sight
 +
 
 +
Although there have been test firings of AIM-9 Sidewinders, AIM-28 stingers, and British Starstreaks, none have seen operational service. <ref name=":3" />
 +
 
 +
=== [[wt:en/news/6638-development-ah-64-apache-the-rotary-chieftain-en|Devblog]] ===
 +
In the early 1970s, the US Army was keen to adopt a more powerful attack helicopter, with improved anti-tank capabilities and performance over the existing AH-1 Cobra in service at the time. As a result, the Army initiated the "Advanced Attack Helicopter" (AAH) program in November of 1972, requesting design proposals from a number of prominent American helicopter manufacturers.
 +
 
 +
Subsequently, various designs were proposed by Bell, Boeing, Hughes, Lockheed and Sikorsky. Of all the proposals, the Army picked two designs for further development - Hughes' Model 77 (YAH-64) and Bell's Model 409 (YAH-63).
 +
 
 +
After conducting their maiden flights on the 30th of September and the 1st of October, 1975, respectively, further testing of the two prototypes showed deficiencies in the fields of survivability and undercarriage stability on Bell's Model 409. As a result, Bell's design was excluded from the competition, while Hughes' design was declared as the winner of the AAH program in 1976.
 +
 
 +
Following this, work on refining the YAH-64's design continued throughout the late 1970s. As part of this further development, the YAH-64 was optimized for the use of the newly developed AGM-114 Hellfire missile, which was in development since 1974. By the end of the '70s and going into the early '80s, the AH-64 was considered ready for full scale production. In 1981, the first pre-production machines were built, while the first production models began rolling off the assembly lines in 1983. Since then, the Apache has been produced in a huge numbers, participating in virtually every scale military operation of the US Army: Panama, Iraq, Bosnia, Kosovo, etc. Israel became the first foreign operator of the Apache named AH-64 Peten, where this helicopter saw intense combat in Lebanon and Gaza strip.
  
 
== Media ==
 
== Media ==
−
''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.''
+
<!-- ''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.'' -->
 +
 
 +
;Skins
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* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=ah_64d Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]
 +
 
 +
;Images
 +
<gallery mode="packed" heights="200">
 +
File:AH-64D (2).jpg|
 +
File:AH-64D (3).jpg|
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File:AH-64D (1).jpg|
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File:AH-64D (4).jpg|
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File:AH-64D (5).jpg|
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File:AH-64D (6).jpg|
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</gallery>
 +
 
 +
;Videos
 +
{{Youtube-gallery|irF2YOn8zOs|'''AH-64 Apache Ultimate Review''' - ''Bob Dickinson''|28ngW8SmkWI|'''AH-64D The Purely American Tank Buster''' - ''JustinPlaysYT''}}
  
 
== See also ==
 
== See also ==
−
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''
+
<!-- ''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''
 +
* ''reference to the series of the helicopter;''
 +
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.'' -->
  
−
* ''reference to the series of the helicopter;''
+
;Related development
−
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''
+
 
 +
* [[AH-64 (Family)]]
 +
 
 +
;Aircraft of comparable role, configuration and era
 +
 
 +
* [[EC-665 Tiger UHT]]
 +
* [[EC-665 Tiger HAD]]
 +
* [[Mi-28N]] and [[Ka-52]]
  
 
== External links ==
 
== External links ==
 
<!-- ''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''
 
<!-- ''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''
 
* ''topic on the official game forum;''
 
* ''topic on the official game forum;''
−
* ''encyclopedia page on the helicopter;''
 
 
* ''other literature.'' -->
 
* ''other literature.'' -->
  
 
* [[wt:en/news/6638-development-ah-64-apache-the-rotary-chieftain-en|[Devblog] AH-64 Apache: The Rotary Chieftain]]
 
* [[wt:en/news/6638-development-ah-64-apache-the-rotary-chieftain-en|[Devblog] AH-64 Apache: The Rotary Chieftain]]
 +
* [[wikipedia:Boeing_AH-64_Apache#AH-64D|[Wikipedia] AH-64D]]
 +
* [https://asc.army.mil/web/portfolio-item/aviation_apache-ah-64e/ <nowiki>[US Army]</nowiki> Apache Attack Helicopter AH-64D/E]
 +
* [http://www.military-today.com/helicopters/boeing_ah64d_longbow.htm <nowiki>[Military Today]</nowiki> Boeing AH-64D Longbow Apache]
 +
* [https://www.army-technology.com/projects/apache/ <nowiki>[Army Technology]</nowiki> Apache Attack Helicopter (AH-64A/D)]
 +
 +
=== References ===
 +
 +
;Citations
 +
<references />
 +
 +
;Bibliography
 +
 +
* Moir, Ian, and Allan Seabridge. ''Military Avionics Systems''. Wiley, 2006.
  
 
{{AirManufacturer Boeing}}
 
{{AirManufacturer Boeing}}
 
{{USA helicopters}}
 
{{USA helicopters}}

Latest revision as of 19:11, 17 July 2024

Rank 7 USA
F-5C Pack
This page is about the American attack helicopter AH-64D. For other versions, see AH-64 (Family).
AH-64D
ah_64d.png
GarageImage AH-64D.jpg
AH-64D
USA flag.png USA
VII Rank
Battle rating:
AB RB SB
10.7 12.0 10.7
Class:
Research:400 000 Specs-Card-Exp.png
Purchase:1 020 000 Specs-Card-Lion.png
Show in game

Description

Following studies done in the late 1980s on the AH-64A Apache, and funding in 1991, the US Army began to look at upgrading their existing fleet of aircraft. Special attention was focused on equipping the helicopter with the AN/APG-78 Longbow radar from Northrop Grumman, which would allow the helicopter to operate even in bad weather conditions and over water, and also simplified the targeting of weapons. In 1992, McDonnell Douglas presented four prototype helicopters with a new radar mounted above the rotor hub, and by 1995, mass production of the helicopter began under the designation AH-64D Apache Longbow. In addition to the radar, the helicopter also received improved General Electric T700-GE-701C engines, updated electronics, avionics, and the ability to carry the latest weapons. Subsequently, all AH-64As of the US Army were converted into the AH-64D version, and in total more than 1,000 helicopters of this version were built, which are also actively sold for export.

Introduced in Update 1.97 "Viking Fury", the AH-64D retains the good flight characteristics of its predecessor, but also features new systems, including the more powerful AGM-114K Hellfire II missiles and a MAW system which can automatically deploy countermeasures when an incoming missile launch is detected. However, the main and most distinctive feature of the new variant is the radar, which is capable of detecting and tracking both air and ground targets.

General info

Flight performance

Max speed
at 1 000 m295 km/h
Max altitude5 400 m
Engine2 х General Electric T700-GE-701C
Take-off weight10 t

The AH-64D Longbow, provides great manoeuvrability, incredible acceleration and overall providing a great speed of up to 319 km/h in arcade and 295 km/h in realistic and simulator game modes. It is as fast as the Japanese AH-64DJP but the title of fastest AH-64D belongs to the British Army variant called the AH Mk.1. The U.S. Army AH-64D Longbow is able to do manoeuvres other helicopters can only dream about, from barrel roles, flips to loops. Which allow it to evade enemy missiles with ease and surprise, poor enemy tankers who will be helpless to defeat it.

Characteristics Max Speed
(km/h at 1,000 m) 		Max altitude
(metres)
AB RB
Stock 271 253 5400
Upgraded 319 295

Survivability and armour

Kevlar boron carbide armour on AH-64D
Bulletproof glass armour rating
Crew2 people
Speed of destruction
Structural0 km/h
Gear420 km/h

The AH-64D Apache longbow, has only limited armour protection installed with bullet proof glass only being installed on the pilot windscreen. The helicopter uses Kevlar boron carbide, composite martial which is limited only to instrument, floor and side panels around the cockpit. It does not provide the same level of protection as seen on other helicopters such as the Mi-28N.

  • Bullet proof glass installed only for the pilot - 22 mm thick.
  • Installation of Kevlar boron carbide, composite martial only on the: Seats, cockpit side panels, Gunner floor panels and pilot instrument panel - 20 mm thick.

Modifications and economy

Repair costBasic → Reference
AB8 527 → 14 308 Sl icon.png
RB4 026 → 6 755 Sl icon.png
SB5 054 → 8 480 Sl icon.png
Total cost of modifications304 000 Rp icon.png
449 000 Sl icon.png
Talisman cost2 800 Ge icon.png
Crew training290 000 Sl icon.png
Experts1 020 000 Sl icon.png
Aces2 800 Ge icon.png
Research Aces1 080 000 Rp icon.png
Reward for battleAB / RB / SB
100 / 220 / 330 % Sl icon.png
232 / 232 / 232 % Rp icon.png
Modifications
Flight performance Survivability Weaponry
Mods jet compressor.png
Compressor
Research:
15 000 Rp icon.png
Cost:
22 000 Sl icon.png
330 Ge icon.png
Mods cd 98 main rotor.png
Replacing helicopter blades
Research:
14 000 Rp icon.png
Cost:
21 000 Sl icon.png
310 Ge icon.png
Mods jet engine.png
Engine
Research:
19 000 Rp icon.png
Cost:
28 000 Sl icon.png
420 Ge icon.png
Mods heli flak jacket.png
Flak jacket
Research:
15 000 Rp icon.png
Cost:
22 000 Sl icon.png
330 Ge icon.png
Mods heli structure.png
Helicopter frame
Research:
14 000 Rp icon.png
Cost:
21 000 Sl icon.png
310 Ge icon.png
Mods jet engine extinguisher.png
EFS
Research:
19 000 Rp icon.png
Cost:
28 000 Sl icon.png
420 Ge icon.png
Mods armor cover.png
Cover
Research:
49 000 Rp icon.png
Cost:
72 000 Sl icon.png
1 100 Ge icon.png
Mods weapon.png
aden_new_gun
Research:
15 000 Rp icon.png
Cost:
22 000 Sl icon.png
330 Ge icon.png
Mods heli false thermal targets.png
Flares/Chaff
Research:
15 000 Rp icon.png
Cost:
22 000 Sl icon.png
330 Ge icon.png
Mods atgm heli preset.png
AGM-114
Research:
14 000 Rp icon.png
Cost:
21 000 Sl icon.png
310 Ge icon.png
Mod arrow 1.png
Mods pilon block rocket.png
APKWS II
Research:
14 000 Rp icon.png
Cost:
21 000 Sl icon.png
310 Ge icon.png
Mods heli false thermal targets.png
AMASE
Research:
14 000 Rp icon.png
Cost:
21 000 Sl icon.png
310 Ge icon.png
Mods air to air missile.png
AIM-92 Stinger
Research:
19 000 Rp icon.png
Cost:
28 000 Sl icon.png
420 Ge icon.png
Mods thermal sight.png
NVD
Research:
19 000 Rp icon.png
Cost:
28 000 Sl icon.png
420 Ge icon.png
Mods atgm heli preset.png
AGM-114 2
Research:
49 000 Rp icon.png
Cost:
72 000 Sl icon.png
1 100 Ge icon.png

Armaments

Night vision devices
Improves visibility by enhancing natural light or active illumination.
Thermal imager
Allows to see thermal radiation in the infrared range day and night
AH-64D in Fulda
Ballistic Computer
CCIP (Guns) CCIP (Rockets) CCIP (Bombs)
Icon GreenCheckmark.png Icon GreenCheckmark.png Icon RedXCross.png

Offensive armament

Main article: M230E-1 (30 mm)

The AH-64D is armed with:

  • 1 x 30 mm M230E-1 cannon, chin turret (1,200 rpg)
  • 30 x countermeasures

Suspended armament

The AH-64D can be outfitted with the following ordnance:

1 2 3 4 5 6
Hardpoints Peten.png
Hydra-70 M247 rockets 19 19 19 19
AGM-114K Hellfire II missiles 2, 4 2, 4 2, 4 2, 4
APKWS II (M151) missiles 7 7 7 7
APKWS II (M282) missiles 7 7 7 7
ATAS (AIM-92) missiles 2 2
Countermeasures 60 60
* Both countermeasure pods must be equipped together
Default weapon presets
  • Without load
  • 4 x ATAS (AIM-92) missiles
  • 76 x Hydra-70 M247 rockets
  • 28 x APKWS II (M151) missiles
  • 28 x APKWS II (M282) missiles
  • 4 x AGM-114K Hellfire II missiles
  • 8 x AGM-114K Hellfire II missiles
  • 16 x AGM-114K Hellfire II missiles
  • 120 x countermeasures

Defensive systems

AH-64D dispenses flare series as a countermeasure against heat-seeking missiles.

The AH-64D has the following defensive systems installed:

  • Countermeasures - Up to 150 countermeasures can be installed.
  • AMASE - Apache Modular Aircraft Survivability Equipment.
  • AIM-92 Stinger - AIM 92 Stinger missiles

When unlocked, countermeasures are not installed - this requires the Flares/Chaff module (tier I) to be researched and installed, this provides up to 30 countermeasures. The next module called AMASE (tier II) provides up to 150 countermeasures, the additional 120 countermeasures are installed on the wingtips of the helicopter. Then the last module called AIM-92 Stinger (tier III) allows for the installation of a maximum of four AIM-92 Stinger missiles, which two are mounted on each wing tip.

Usage in battles

Overview

The AH-64D is very similar to the AH-64A Apache. The differences are the lack of an option to carry AIM-9L missiles, the new Longbow radar, improved Hellfires, and an improved ECM package. The Apache is an excellent helicopter for attacking ground targets, and can also hold its own against many enemy aircraft. Through adequate use of cover, teamwork, and game sense, the Apache can easily dismantle enemy teams. An Apache pilot must understand all of the tools at their disposal.

The Apache has an arsenal of weapons. The most effective anti-tank weapon in the Apache's arsenal is the AGM-114 Hellfire, which uses a top attack trajectory to destroy ground vehicles. There is functionally very little difference between the AGM-114B and K variants, used on early and late Apaches respectively.

Staying alive:

Flying the Apache effectively can be more difficult than most players would imagine, processing information from optical sights, radar displays, and the radar warning receiver all at once can lead to information overload. If distracted by irrelevant information, a pilot can quickly lose situational awareness. Being successful in the Apache requires situational awareness above all else. Due to the fragility of the helicopter, any blindspot can lead to a quick and sudden death. Additionally, the mobility of the Apache is adequate but not impressive, so evasive manoeuvres are not always effective.

Using cover is a very important part of staying alive in the Apache. Always stay behind a hill or building in ground battles. When exposing yourself in order to fire on the enemy, be mindful to not gain too much altitude. Most importantly, always listen to your RWR and MAW. If you hear an alarm, take evasive action immediately.

The biggest improvement of the later Apache variants is the ability to mount the Longbow radar system. This system, if used properly, will help maintain situational awareness.

Additionally, it is important to know when to use flares. Flares are extremely effective against heat-seeking missiles, but useless against any other missiles. It is the responsibility of the Apache pilot to recognize the threat and decide whether to use flares or not. For Apaches with MAW (missile alert warning), there is an option for flares to be dispensed automatically.

Using the Longbow radar

The radar of the Apache should be used as a secondary tool when engaging ground targets. The radar is not effective in obtaining target lock for ground vehicles. The AGM-114L radar guided Hellfire is not in the game, so guidance of Hellfires should be done by using the FLIR thermal imaging camera to lase targets. However, the radar is still useful in detecting enemy aircraft. By using the multi-function menu to switch radar mode, the radar will begin to search for air rather than ground targets. Keeping track of enemy aircraft is vital to survival in the Apache, as any plane can make quick work of the Apache if the helicopter is unprepared.

Air-to-air (Stinger and gun)

The Apache is surprisingly potent in air-to-air combat. Engagements should be conducted primarily through the use of the Stinger missile. The Stinger is a simple but effective air-to-air missile. It has an excellent seeker head and can obtain all aspect lock on almost any air target within 3-5 km (even propeller aircraft with a low heat signature). However, the Stinger can be easily fooled by flares or outmanoeuvred by a fast enemy aircraft. The best way to use the Stinger against enemy aircraft is when they are heading directly towards you. If fired at the right second, most enemies will struggle to dodge a Stinger.

If the enemy gets close, the 30 mm autocannon can be extremely effective. The gun will automatically aim with optical lock, so Apache pilots can aim accurately while taking evasive manoeuvres.

Close-range air-to-ground (gun and rockets)

At close range, the Apache has excellent offensive capability. The 30 mm autocannon is incredibly accurate even at surprisingly far distances. This cannon uses a High Explosive Dual Purpose round that can engage lightly armoured targets. Rocket pods can also be used, with the CCIP computer helping maintain accuracy even at further distances. Be careful when trying to use the Hellfire missile at close range. It can do a direct attack at closer ranges (rather than its usual top attack) but if fired at an odd angle, it may not have time to manoeuvre onto the target if fired at closer ranges.

The problem with trying to engage at close range is that doing so will put the Apache in huge amounts of danger. Enemy tanks will be able to quickly destroy the Apache with their main guns or anti-aircraft machine guns.

HellfireTrajectory.png

Long-range air-to-ground (Hellfire)

At longer ranges, the Hellfire missile can be used to full effect. The Hellfire will guide on its target as shown in the attached diagram. This is known as top attack. Being that it takes this path to the enemy target, the Hellfire can take upward of 30 seconds to reach its target at longer ranges. Do not fire at enemies that are about to move to cover, and make sure to fire multiple missiles at once in order to deal maximum damage. Because the Hellfire is laser guided, multiple missiles can be fired at once. They should be fired at intervals of 5-10 seconds, where between missiles the Apache can switch to a new ground target. This will allow for the quick destruction of multiple enemies. This tactic can be incredibly effective. Although the time to target for the most recently fired Hellfire is available on the HUD, pilots will have to keep track of all the missiles they have fired by memory and quick calculations.

Combatting enemy anti-aircraft vehicles can be a challenge. Always remain in cover and move unpredictably in combat. Use the radar warning receiver to obtain the general direction of enemy AA, and then attack with a Hellfire. An effective strategy is to fire a Hellfire, break optical lock to gain cover and avoid counterfire, and then pop back up and get lock again several seconds before the Hellfire hits. This strategy if applied correctly will result in a hit, as the Hellfire is smart enough to begin following the laser designator again once the Apache re-obtains its lock.

Pros and cons

Pros:

  • Excellent ground attack armaments (Hellfire missiles and 30 mm autocannon)
  • Excellent air-to-air capability with the Stinger missile and radar
  • Adequate speed and manoeuvrability
  • Advanced countermeasure system with radar warning receiver (RWR) and Missile Alert Warning
  • Longbow radar

Cons:

  • Hellfire missiles have limited self-guidance abilities from certain positions
  • Hellfire missiles need line-of-sight for guidance.
  • Easily destroyed by main adversary (Ka-50 & Ka-52) and enemy aircraft

History

The AH-64D Apache Longbow (aka. Longbow Apache) is an improved version of the AH-64A/B Apache (the AH-64B was not a production designation but instead was a proposed designation), with new and upgraded avionics and weaponry.[1] The aircraft is powered by two T700-GE-701C engines and features many of the integrated target acquisition and designator sights as its predecessor.

Design and Development
An AH-64D tests the AGM-179 JAGM at the Yuma Proving Ground.

In the late 1980s, studies were underway to upgrade the AH-64A/B. The US Army began to draft plans to upgrade the fleet, with upgrades centered around the new Northrop Grumman mast-mounted fire control radar (FCR) designated AN/APG-78, more commonly known as the Longbow fire control radar.[1] With funding beginning in 1991, McDonnell Douglas converted four AH-64As in 1992 as a proof of concept. After this, production of the AH-64D and remanufacture of the original 64A/B versions, began. The US Army intended to procure a total of 227 AH-64Ds fitted with the AN/APG-78 "Longbow" FCR, and 531 of the 64C variant, which did not include the FCR but included all other avionic modifications.[1] However, the C designation was dropped in 1993, as the radar could be moved from one aircraft to another, and the decision was made to designate both versions as the AH-64D.

The Longbow is a mast-mounted fire control radar (FCR) designated AN/APG-78. The FCR is a multimode millimetric wave (MMW) radar[1] and it allows the usage of AGM-114L/K Hellfire 2 anti-tank guided missiles. Compared to previous Hellfire variants that required a continuous line-of-sight for the laser designator, the Hellfire 2 has fire-and-forget capability. The Longbow has four modes of operation, air-targeting mode, ground-targeting mode, terrain-profiling mode and a fourth monitoring mode that isolates electronic failures for maintenance and testing.[1][2]

The AH-64D also features improved electronics and avionics, including improved GPS, a new radio-frequency interferometer (RFI) - the AN/APR-48A, and improved Doppler velocity rate sensor. The RFI is used to monitor and identify threat radars and also when threat emitters are tracking the helicopter.[2] In addition, the landing gear fairings and forward avionics bay are extended forward in order to accommodate the extra equipment. On each side of the cockpit, the new avionics are hosted in extended forward avionic bays (EFABs).[3] The Longbow can also detect, classify, and track up to 128 targets simultaneously, engaging up to 16 at once. It can "see" through fog and smoke, which can prevent the operation of infrared or TV systems.

Operational History

Originally entering service in 1995, the US Army ordered 530 more AH-64A/B variants to be upgraded to the AH-64D variant in 1999. Other nations that had purchased or shown an interest in the Longbow Apache (new and/or upgraded 64A/Bs) are: the United Kingdom, the Netherlands, Singapore, Israel, Egypt and Kuwait.[1] The AH-64D is in service with the United States, the United Kingdom, Egypt, Greece, Kuwait, Singapore, the UAE, Israel, and the Netherlands.

The Longbow Apache is flown by a two-person crew composed of a pilot and copilot gunner (CPG) and is capable of carrying the following weapons:[4]

  • Up to 16 AGM-114 Hellfire missiles (the 111K variant was used with dual seeker capability: pulsed radar or semi-active laser guidance with a range of >8km (5 miles).
  • Hydra 70 rocket pod
  • M 320 30mm 'chain gun' that could be slaved to the pilot/CPG's helmet sight

Although there have been test firings of AIM-9 Sidewinders, AIM-28 stingers, and British Starstreaks, none have seen operational service. [4]

Devblog

In the early 1970s, the US Army was keen to adopt a more powerful attack helicopter, with improved anti-tank capabilities and performance over the existing AH-1 Cobra in service at the time. As a result, the Army initiated the "Advanced Attack Helicopter" (AAH) program in November of 1972, requesting design proposals from a number of prominent American helicopter manufacturers.

Subsequently, various designs were proposed by Bell, Boeing, Hughes, Lockheed and Sikorsky. Of all the proposals, the Army picked two designs for further development - Hughes' Model 77 (YAH-64) and Bell's Model 409 (YAH-63).

After conducting their maiden flights on the 30th of September and the 1st of October, 1975, respectively, further testing of the two prototypes showed deficiencies in the fields of survivability and undercarriage stability on Bell's Model 409. As a result, Bell's design was excluded from the competition, while Hughes' design was declared as the winner of the AAH program in 1976.

Following this, work on refining the YAH-64's design continued throughout the late 1970s. As part of this further development, the YAH-64 was optimized for the use of the newly developed AGM-114 Hellfire missile, which was in development since 1974. By the end of the '70s and going into the early '80s, the AH-64 was considered ready for full scale production. In 1981, the first pre-production machines were built, while the first production models began rolling off the assembly lines in 1983. Since then, the Apache has been produced in a huge numbers, participating in virtually every scale military operation of the US Army: Panama, Iraq, Bosnia, Kosovo, etc. Israel became the first foreign operator of the Apache named AH-64 Peten, where this helicopter saw intense combat in Lebanon and Gaza strip.

Media

Skins
Images
  • AH-64D (2).jpg
  • AH-64D (3).jpg
  • AH-64D (1).jpg
  • AH-64D (4).jpg
  • AH-64D (5).jpg
  • AH-64D (6).jpg
Videos
AH-64 Apache Ultimate Review - Bob Dickinson
AH-64D The Purely American Tank Buster - JustinPlaysYT

See also

Related development
Aircraft of comparable role, configuration and era

External links

References

Citations
  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 (Ian and Seabridge 345)
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 (Ian and Seabridge 346)
  3. ↑ (Ian and Seabridge 347)
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 (Ian and Seabridge 349)
Bibliography
  • Moir, Ian, and Allan Seabridge. Military Avionics Systems. Wiley, 2006.


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  B-29A-BN
Export  P-26A-34 · B-17G
Captured  ▅B-17E
Helicopters 
Attack  AH-64A · AH-64D
Export / Licensed  AH-64A (GR) · ▃AH-64A Peten · AH-64A Peten · ▅AH-64DJP · ▄AH Mk.1 · AHS
See Also  Tupolev Design Bureau · Westland Helicopters · Fuji Heavy Industries
  For Boeing-built ships, see Boeing Marine Branch

USA helicopters
Attack 
Black Hawk  MH-60L DAP
Choctaw  H-34
Cobra  AH-1F · AH-1G · AH-1Z
SuperCobra  AH-1W
Kiowa  OH-58D
Little Bird  AH-6M
Apache  YAH-64 · AH-64A · ▃AH-64A Peten · AH-64A (GR) · AH-64D
Utility 
Huey  UH-1B · UH-1C · UH-1C XM-30

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