Difference between revisions of "MK 108 (30 mm)"

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== Description ==
 
== Description ==
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''Write an introduction to the article in 2-3 small paragraphs. Briefly tell us about the history of the development and combat using the weaponry and also about its features. Make an air or ground vehicles list on which this weapon is installed in our game.''
+
<!-- ''Write an introduction to the article in 2-3 small paragraphs. Briefly tell us about the history of the development and combat using the weaponry and also about its features. Compile a list of air, ground, or naval vehicles that feature this weapon system in the game.'' -->
 +
The '''MK 108''' was a German 30 mm autocannon developed for aircraft mounts. Built as a lighter 30 mm autocannon than the [[MK 103 (30 mm)|MK 103]], the MK 108 presents a faster fire rate at a cost of accuracy and muzzle velocity.
 +
 
 +
''Note: Gunpods containing {{PAGENAME}} have reduced accuracy compared to those mounted conventionally''
  
 
=== Vehicles equipped with this weapon ===
 
=== Vehicles equipped with this weapon ===
−
<!--''List out vehicles that are equipped with the weapon.''-->
+
<!-- ''List out vehicles that are equipped with the weapon.'' -->
 +
 
 
{{Navigation-Start|Vehicles equipped with this weapon}}
 
{{Navigation-Start|Vehicles equipped with this weapon}}
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{{Navigation-First-Line|Fighters}}[[Bf 109 G-6]] (secondary){{-}}[[Bf 109 G-10]] (secondary){{-}}[[Bf 109 G-14]] (secondary){{-}}[[Bf 109 G-14/AS (Italy)|▄Bf 109 G-14/AS]] (secondary){{-}}[[Bf 109 K-4]]
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−
{{Navigation-Line|}}[[Fw 190 D-12]]{{-}}[[Ta 152 H-1]]
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{{Navigation-First-Line|'''Fighters'''}}{{Specs-Link|bf-109g-6}}*{{-}}{{Specs-Link|bf-109g-6_finland}}*{{-}}{{Specs-Link|bf-109g-6_erla_finland}}*{{-}}{{Specs-Link|bf-109g-10}}*{{-}}{{Specs-Link|bf-109g-14}}*{{-}}{{Specs-Link|bf-109g-14as}}*{{-}}{{Specs-Link|bf-109k-4}}
−
{{Navigation-Line|Twin-engine fighters}}[[Bf 109 Z]]{{-}}[[Bf 110 G-2]]{{-}}[[He 219 A-7]]{{-}}[[Ta 154 A-1]]
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{{Navigation-Line| }}{{Specs-Link|bv-155b-1}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|fw-190d-12}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|ta-152h-1}}
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{{Navigation-Line|Jet fighters}}[[He 162 A-1]]{{-}}[[Me 163 B]]{{-}}[[Me 262 A-1a]]{{-}}[[Me 262 A-2a]]{{-}}[[Me 262 C-1a]]{{-}}[[Me 262 C-2b]]
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 +
{{Navigation-Line|'''Twin-engine fighters'''}}{{Specs-Link|bf-109z}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|ju-388j}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|ta_154a_1}}
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{{Navigation-Line|'''Jet fighters'''}}{{Specs-Link|he-162a-1}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|me-163b}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|me-262a-1a}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|me-262c-1a}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|me-262c-2b}}
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 +
{{Navigation-Line|'''Strike aircraft'''}}{{Specs-Link|bf-110g-2}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|bf_110g_4}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|bf_110g_4_hungary}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|he_219a_7}}
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{{Navigation-Line| }}{{Specs-Link|me-262a-1a_early}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|me-262a1_u1}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|me-262a-2a}}
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{{Navigation-First-Line|}}<small>* Equipable as gunpods, or nose-mounted with a researchable modification</small>
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{{Navigation-End}}
 
{{Navigation-End}}
  
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''Tell us about the tactical and technical characteristics of the cannon or machine gun.''
 
''Tell us about the tactical and technical characteristics of the cannon or machine gun.''
  
−
=== Available shells ===
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=== Available ammunition ===
−
''Describe the shells that are available for the cannon and their features and purpose. If it concerns autocannons or machine guns, write about different ammo belts and what is inside (which types of shells).''
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<!-- ''Describe the shells that are available for the weapon and their features and purpose. If it concerns autocannons or machine guns, write about different ammo belts and what is inside (which types of shells).'' -->
 +
 
 +
* '''Default:''' {{Annotation|HEI-T|High-explosive incendiary tracer (minengeschoß)}}{{-}}{{Annotation|I|Incendiary}}
 +
* '''Universal:''' {{Annotation|HEI-T|High-explosive incendiary tracer (minengeschoß)}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEI-T|High-explosive incendiary tracer (minengeschoß)}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEI-T|High-explosive incendiary tracer (minengeschoß)}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEF-I*|High-explosive fragmentation incendiary (self-destroying)}}
 +
* '''Night:''' {{Annotation|HEI-T|High-explosive incendiary tracer (minengeschoß, night tracer)}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEI-T|High-explosive incendiary tracer (minengeschoß, night tracer)}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEI-T|High-explosive incendiary tracer (minengeschoß, night tracer)}}
 +
* '''Stealth:''' {{Annotation|HEI|High-explosive incendiary (minengeschoß)}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEI|High-explosive incendiary (minengeschoß)}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEI|High-explosive incendiary (minengeschoß)}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEI|High-explosive incendiary (minengeschoß)}}
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 +
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
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! colspan="7" | Penetration statistics
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|-
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! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Belt
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! colspan="6" | Penetration @ 0° Angle of Attack (mm)
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|-
 +
! 10 m !! 100 m !! 500 m !! 1,000 m !! 1,500 m !! 2,000 m
 +
|-
 +
| Default || 6 || 6 || 6 || 6 || 6 || 6
 +
|-
 +
| Universal || 4 || 4 || 4 || 4 || 4 || 4
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|-
 +
| Night || 4 || 4 || 4 || 4 || 4 || 4
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|-
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| Stealth || 4 || 4 || 4 || 4 || 4 || 4
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|-
 +
|}
  
 
=== Comparison with analogues ===
 
=== Comparison with analogues ===
−
''Give a comparative description of cannons/machine guns, that have firepower equal to these type of weapons.''
+
''Give a comparative description of cannons/machine guns that have firepower equal to this weapon.''
  
 
== Usage in battles ==
 
== Usage in battles ==
−
''Describe the cannon/machine gun in the game - its distinctive features, tactics of usage against the main opponents. Please don't write a "guide" - do not impose a single point of view, but give the reader food for thought.''
+
<!-- ''Describe the cannon/machine gun in the game - its distinctive features, tactics of usage against notable opponents. Please don't write a "guide" - do not impose a single point of view, but give the reader food for thought.'' -->
 +
The 30 mm Mk 108 is a devastating weapon to use... if it manages to hit the target.
 +
 
 +
The 30 mm trades heavy firepower and rate of fire for low accuracy and muzzle velocity. While this is great against large, slow aircraft like attackers and bombers, this makes the 30 mm Mk 108 a rather poor armament against faster fighters, requiring a lot of lead. The low accuracy is also noticeable in that shells rarely fly straight past a distance. Because of that, the 30 mm should only be fired once within 600 m of the target.
  
 
=== Pros and cons ===
 
=== Pros and cons ===
−
<!--''Summarize and briefly evaluate the weaponry in terms of its characteristics and combat effectiveness. Mark pros and cons as a list.''-->
+
<!-- ''Summarise and briefly evaluate the weaponry in terms of its characteristics and combat effectiveness. Mark pros and cons as a list.'' -->
  
 
'''Pros:'''
 
'''Pros:'''
−
 
 
* Filled with a lot of HE filler, giving each impacting shell a serious punch
 
* Filled with a lot of HE filler, giving each impacting shell a serious punch
 +
* The Night belt consist of Minengeschoß rounds with tracers, making it easier to aim
 
* Comes as an upgrade to both motorcannons or as gunpods on the later Bf 109 G series
 
* Comes as an upgrade to both motorcannons or as gunpods on the later Bf 109 G series
−
* Decent rate of fire for its caliber at 600 RPM
+
* Decent rate of fire for its calibre at 600 RPM
 
* Decent ammo capacity
 
* Decent ammo capacity
 
* Excellent against bombers, heavy fighters and other large targets
 
* Excellent against bombers, heavy fighters and other large targets
  
 
'''Cons:'''
 
'''Cons:'''
−
 
+
* Slow muzzle velocity and poor ballistic coefficient makes it hard to use against targets beyond 500 m
−
* Slow muzzle velocity and poor ballistic coefficient makes it hard to use against targets beyond 500 meters
+
* Not ideal for dogfighting as it requires a lot of lead angle
−
* Not ideal for dogfighting as it requires a lot of lead angle.
 
 
* In a high speed chase, shells may fail to detonate on target, doing little to no damage
 
* In a high speed chase, shells may fail to detonate on target, doing little to no damage
−
* Absolutely zero effectiveness against armour.
+
* Absolutely zero effectiveness against armour
−
* Heavy recoil which can be dangerous if in a low energy state.
+
* Heavy recoil which can be dangerous if in a low energy state
  
 
== History ==
 
== History ==
−
''Examine the history of the creation and combat usage of this weapon. If the historical reference turns out to be too big, take it to a separate article, taking a link to an article about the vehicle and adding a block "/ History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(weapon-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article.''
+
<!-- ''Examine the history of the creation and combat usage of the weapon in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the weapon and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Weapon-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>.'' -->
 +
Rheinmetall-Borsig developed a 30 mm autocannon as part of a private project in 1940. It remained only so until the German Reich Aviation Ministry (RLM) put out a requirement for a 30 mm autocannon for use, specifically to counter the rising Allied heavy bomber threats appearing over Germany. Rheinmetall-Borsig submitted their design and once deemed suitable for the role, was accepted into service of the Luftwaffe as the '''MK 108'''.
 +
 
 +
The MK 108 design was distinctive for chambering a rather large calibre firepower, yet retain a high rate of fire and remain economical. The 30 mm shells fired out of the autocannon were relatively slow at around 500 m/s and had a drastic shell drop with range, forcing pilots to close in distance to make an accurate shot . The large 30 mm shells, especially so with the Minengeschoß shells, are able to down a bomber with a few shells. The MK 108 was able to reach a fire rate of 660 rpm, which allowed pilots to make the most out of a burst. The whole weapon was economical to make, being mostly constructed of stamped parts while remaining light and compact for aircraft mounts.
 +
 
 +
The MK 108 began seeing usage in late autumn 1943 on [[Bf 109 G-6|Bf 109 G]] fighters and Bf 110 heavy fighters. Its distinctive firing noise, due to the high rate of fire and heavy muzzle report, caused Allied aircraft crew to nickname the MK 108 as the "Pneumatic Hammer." The MK 108 were soon mounted on a large variety of German aircraft, even their jets. The jet mounts, such as on the [[Me 262 A-1a|Me 262]], proved problematic as their fast speed gave the jets only a small sliver of time from approaching the target to having to disengage to avoid colliding. British test pilot Eric Brown describes the MK 108-armed Me 262 attack pattern as: "if you want to fight and destroy a B-17, you come in on a dive. The 30 mm cannon were not so accurate beyond 600 m. So you normally came in at 600 yards and would open fire on your B-17. And your closing speed was still high and since you had to break away at 200 m to avoid a collision, you only had two seconds firing time. Now, in two seconds, you can't sight. You can fire randomly and hope for the best."
  
 
== Media ==
 
== Media ==
−
''An excellent addition to the article would be a video guide, as well as screenshots from the game and photos.''
+
''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.''
  
 
== See also ==
 
== See also ==
Line 54: Line 97:
  
 
== External links ==
 
== External links ==
−
''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''
+
<!-- ''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''
 
* ''topic on the official game forum;''
 
* ''topic on the official game forum;''
−
* ''encyclopedia page on weapon;''
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* ''other literature.'' -->
−
* ''other literature.''
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 +
* [http://www.aviation-history.com/guns/mk108.htm <nowiki>[Aviation History Online Museum]</nowiki> Mk 108 Cannon]
 +
* [http://www.stormbirds.com/warbirds/tech_mk108.htm <nowiki>[Storm Birds]</nowiki> Rheinmetall Borsig Mk108]
  
 
{{Germany aircraft cannons}}
 
{{Germany aircraft cannons}}
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{{Italy aircraft cannons}}
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{{Sweden aircraft cannons}}
  
 
[[Category:Aircraft cannons]]
 
[[Category:Aircraft cannons]]

Latest revision as of 15:28, 1 August 2023

Description

The MK 108 was a German 30 mm autocannon developed for aircraft mounts. Built as a lighter 30 mm autocannon than the MK 103, the MK 108 presents a faster fire rate at a cost of accuracy and muzzle velocity.

Note: Gunpods containing MK 108 (30 mm) have reduced accuracy compared to those mounted conventionally

Vehicles equipped with this weapon

Vehicles equipped with this weapon
Fighters  Bf 109 G-6* · ▄Bf 109 G-6* · ▄Bf 109 G-6 Erla* · Bf 109 G-10* · Bf 109 G-14* · ▄Bf 109 G-14/AS* · Bf 109 K-4
  BV 155 B-1 · Fw 190 D-12 · Ta 152 H-1
Twin-engine fighters  Bf 109 Z-1 · Ju 388 J · Ta 154 A-1
Jet fighters  He 162 A-1 · Me 163 B · Me 262 A-1a · Me 262 C-1a · Me 262 C-2b
Strike aircraft  Bf 110 G-2 · Bf 110 G-4 · ◐Bf 110 G-4 · He 219 A-7
  Me 262 A-1a/Jabo · Me 262 A-1a/U1 · Me 262 A-2a
  * Equipable as gunpods, or nose-mounted with a researchable modification

General info

Tell us about the tactical and technical characteristics of the cannon or machine gun.

Available ammunition

  • Default: HEI-T · I
  • Universal: HEI-T · HEI-T · HEI-T · HEF-I*
  • Night: HEI-T · HEI-T · HEI-T
  • Stealth: HEI · HEI · HEI · HEI
Penetration statistics
Belt Penetration @ 0° Angle of Attack (mm)
10 m 100 m 500 m 1,000 m 1,500 m 2,000 m
Default 6 6 6 6 6 6
Universal 4 4 4 4 4 4
Night 4 4 4 4 4 4
Stealth 4 4 4 4 4 4

Comparison with analogues

Give a comparative description of cannons/machine guns that have firepower equal to this weapon.

Usage in battles

The 30 mm Mk 108 is a devastating weapon to use... if it manages to hit the target.

The 30 mm trades heavy firepower and rate of fire for low accuracy and muzzle velocity. While this is great against large, slow aircraft like attackers and bombers, this makes the 30 mm Mk 108 a rather poor armament against faster fighters, requiring a lot of lead. The low accuracy is also noticeable in that shells rarely fly straight past a distance. Because of that, the 30 mm should only be fired once within 600 m of the target.

Pros and cons

Pros:

  • Filled with a lot of HE filler, giving each impacting shell a serious punch
  • The Night belt consist of Minengeschoß rounds with tracers, making it easier to aim
  • Comes as an upgrade to both motorcannons or as gunpods on the later Bf 109 G series
  • Decent rate of fire for its calibre at 600 RPM
  • Decent ammo capacity
  • Excellent against bombers, heavy fighters and other large targets

Cons:

  • Slow muzzle velocity and poor ballistic coefficient makes it hard to use against targets beyond 500 m
  • Not ideal for dogfighting as it requires a lot of lead angle
  • In a high speed chase, shells may fail to detonate on target, doing little to no damage
  • Absolutely zero effectiveness against armour
  • Heavy recoil which can be dangerous if in a low energy state

History

Rheinmetall-Borsig developed a 30 mm autocannon as part of a private project in 1940. It remained only so until the German Reich Aviation Ministry (RLM) put out a requirement for a 30 mm autocannon for use, specifically to counter the rising Allied heavy bomber threats appearing over Germany. Rheinmetall-Borsig submitted their design and once deemed suitable for the role, was accepted into service of the Luftwaffe as the MK 108.

The MK 108 design was distinctive for chambering a rather large calibre firepower, yet retain a high rate of fire and remain economical. The 30 mm shells fired out of the autocannon were relatively slow at around 500 m/s and had a drastic shell drop with range, forcing pilots to close in distance to make an accurate shot . The large 30 mm shells, especially so with the Minengeschoß shells, are able to down a bomber with a few shells. The MK 108 was able to reach a fire rate of 660 rpm, which allowed pilots to make the most out of a burst. The whole weapon was economical to make, being mostly constructed of stamped parts while remaining light and compact for aircraft mounts.

The MK 108 began seeing usage in late autumn 1943 on Bf 109 G fighters and Bf 110 heavy fighters. Its distinctive firing noise, due to the high rate of fire and heavy muzzle report, caused Allied aircraft crew to nickname the MK 108 as the "Pneumatic Hammer." The MK 108 were soon mounted on a large variety of German aircraft, even their jets. The jet mounts, such as on the Me 262, proved problematic as their fast speed gave the jets only a small sliver of time from approaching the target to having to disengage to avoid colliding. British test pilot Eric Brown describes the MK 108-armed Me 262 attack pattern as: "if you want to fight and destroy a B-17, you come in on a dive. The 30 mm cannon were not so accurate beyond 600 m. So you normally came in at 600 yards and would open fire on your B-17. And your closing speed was still high and since you had to break away at 200 m to avoid a collision, you only had two seconds firing time. Now, in two seconds, you can't sight. You can fire randomly and hope for the best."

Media

Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.

See also

Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:

  • reference to the article about the variant of the cannon/machine gun;
  • references to approximate analogues by other nations and research trees.

External links


Germany aircraft cannons
15 mm  MG 151
20 mm  MG 151 · MG C/30L · MG FF · MG FF/M
27 mm  Mauser BK27
30 mm  Hispano HS 825 · MK 101 · MK 103 · MK 108
37 mm  BK 3.7
50 mm  BK 5 · Mk.214a
75 mm  BK 7.5
  Foreign:
20 mm  Hispano Mk.V (Britain) · M24A1 (USA) · M61A1 (USA) · ShVAK (USSR)
23 mm  GSh-23L (USSR) · NR-23 (USSR) · VYa-23 (USSR)
30 mm  DEFA 552 (France) · GSh-30-1 (USSR) · GSh-30-2K (USSR) · NR-30 (USSR)
37 mm  N-37D (USSR)

Italy aircraft cannons
20 mm  TM197B
30 mm  Hispano HS 825
37 mm  Breda Model 39 37/54
102 mm  102/35 mod 14
  Foreign:
20 mm  B-20E (USSR) · B-20M (USSR) · B-20S (USSR) · Hispano 404 (France) · Hispano Mk.II (Britain) · Hispano Mk.V (Britain) · M24A1 (USA) · M61A1 (USA) · MG 151 (Germany) · MG FF (Germany) · MG FF/M (Germany) · ShVAK (USSR)
23 mm  GSh-23L (USSR) · NR-23 (USSR) · NS-23 (USSR)
27 mm  Akan m/85 (Sweden) · Mauser BK27 (Germany)
30 mm  DEFA 552 (France) · GSh-30-1 (USSR) · GSh-30-2K (USSR) · MK 103 (Germany) · MK 108 (Germany) · NR-30 (USSR)
37 mm  BK 3.7 (Germany) · N-37 (USSR) · N-37D (USSR)

Sweden aircraft cannons
20 mm  Akan m/41A · Akan m/45 · Akan m/47B · Akan m/47C · Akan m/49 · Oerlikon FF
27 mm  Akan m/85
30 mm  Akan m/55 · Akan m/75
57 mm  Akan m/47
  Foreign:
20 mm  MG FF (Germany) · MG 151 (Germany)
23 mm  GSh-23L (USSR)
30 mm  2A42 (USSR) · M230E-1 (USA) · MK 108 (Germany)

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