Difference between revisions of "Vickers E (7.7 mm)"

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{{About
 +
| about = British machine gun '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
 +
| usage = the Swedish light tank
 +
| link = Vickers Mk.E
 +
}}
 
== Description ==
 
== Description ==
−
''Write an introduction to the article in 2-3 small paragraphs. Briefly tell us about the history of the development and combat using the weaponry and also about its features. Compile a list of air, ground, or naval vehicles that feature this weapon system in the game.''
+
<!--''Write an introduction to the article in 2-3 small paragraphs. Briefly tell us about the history of the development and combat using the weaponry and also about its features. Compile a list of air, ground, or naval vehicles that feature this weapon system in the game.''-->
 +
The '''7.7 mm Vickers E''' is a British aircraft machine gun from World War I and the interwar period.
 +
 
 +
The first models were introduced in 1912. Modifications of the machine gun, both army and aviation, were produced from 1917 at the Vickers factories until 1940, when they began to be replaced by licensed [[Browning (7.7 mm)|Browning .303]], which was more effective than the Vickers Class E.
 +
 
 +
The Vickers Class E became famous for being the first machine gun with a propeller synchronizer, which greatly increased its effectiveness in combat. The rate of fire is excellent 900 rounds per minute. (The average rate of fire of many machine guns in World War I was 500 rounds per minute.)
  
 
=== Vehicles equipped with this weapon ===
 
=== Vehicles equipped with this weapon ===
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* {{Specs-Link|nimrod_mk1}}
 
* {{Specs-Link|nimrod_mk1}}
 
* {{Specs-Link|nimrod_mk2}}
 
* {{Specs-Link|nimrod_mk2}}
 +
* {{Specs-Link|osprey_mk4}}
 
* {{Specs-Link|swordfish_mk1}}
 
* {{Specs-Link|swordfish_mk1}}
 +
* {{Specs-Link|swordfish_mk2}}
 
* {{Specs-Link|wirraway}}
 
* {{Specs-Link|wirraway}}
  
 
== General info ==
 
== General info ==
−
''Tell us about the tactical and technical characteristics of the cannon or machine gun.''
+
<!--''Tell us about the tactical and technical characteristics of the cannon or machine gun.''-->
 +
{| class="wikitable"
 +
! Characteristic !! value
 +
|-
 +
| Muzzle velocity || 720-730 m/s
 +
|-
 +
| Rate of fire || 900 rounds per minute
 +
|-
 +
| Cartridge type || 0.303 British; 7.7х56R
 +
|-
 +
| Capacity || 600 cartridges (500 on the [[Osprey Mk IV]])
 +
|-
 +
| Estimated Оverheat with Non-stop Firing || 6.7 seconds (~100 rounds)
 +
|-
 +
|}
 +
 
 +
=== Available ammunition ===
 +
<!-- ''Describe the shells that are available for the weapon and their features and purpose. If it concerns autocannons or machine guns, write about different ammo belts and what is inside (which types of shells).'' -->
  
−
=== Available belts ===
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* '''Default:''' {{Annotation|T|Tracer}}{{-}}{{Annotation|AP|Armour-piercing}}{{-}}{{Annotation|IAI|Immediate-action incendiary}}{{-}}{{Annotation|AP|Armour-piercing}}{{-}}{{Annotation|I|Incendiary}}
−
<!--''Describe the shells that are available for the cannon and their features and purpose. If it concerns autocannons or machine guns, write about different ammo belts and what is inside (which types of shells).''-->
+
::Belt has weak incendiary and armour-piercing effect.
−
* Default: T/AI/Ball/AP/AP/I
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* '''Universal:''' {{Annotation|T|Tracer}}{{-}}{{Annotation|AP|Armour-piercing}}{{-}}{{Annotation|IAI|Immediate-action incendiary}}{{-}}{{Annotation|AP|Armour-piercing}}
−
* Universal: T/AP/AI/AP
+
::Belt has weak incendiary, but good armour-piercing effect compared to default. A good choice for pilots to bring.
−
* Tracers: T/T/T/AP
+
* '''Tracers:''' {{Annotation|T|Tracer}}{{-}}{{Annotation|T|Tracer}}{{-}}{{Annotation|T|Tracer}}{{-}}{{Annotation|AP|Armour-piercing}}
−
* Stealth: I/AP/AP/AP/AI
+
::Belt has low armour-piercing effect and no incendiary effect at all.
 +
* '''Stealth:''' {{Annotation|I|Incendiary}}{{-}}{{Annotation|AP|Armour-piercing}}{{-}}{{Annotation|AP|Armour-piercing}}{{-}}{{Annotation|AP|Armour-piercing}}{{-}}{{Annotation|IAI|Immediate-action incendiary}}
 +
::Belt has impressive armour-piercing capabilities and good incendiary effect. Probably the best choice once pilots are used to the ballistics.
  
 
=== Comparison with analogues ===
 
=== Comparison with analogues ===
−
''Give a comparative description of cannons/machine guns, that have firepower equal to these type of weapons.''
+
<!--''Give a comparative description of cannons/machine guns that have firepower equal to this weapon.''-->
 +
 
 +
{| class="wikitable sortable"
 +
! colspan="7" |Comparable machine guns to {{PAGENAME}}
 +
|-
 +
! Country !! Model !! Year of Creation !! Rounds Per Minute !! Ammunition !! Estimated Оverheat<br>with Non-stop Firing !! Muzzle velocity
 +
|-
 +
| USA || [[Browning (7.62 mm)]] || style="text-align:center;" | 1919 || style="text-align:center;" | 1,000 RPM || 7.62 x 63 mm
 +
| 5.4 seconds (~90 rounds)
 +
| 835-920 m/s
 +
|-
 +
| Germany || [[MG 17 (7.92 mm)]] || style="text-align:center;" | 1934 || style="text-align:center;" | 1,200 RPM || 7.92 x 57 mm
 +
| 6.25 seconds (~125 rounds)
 +
| 855-905 m/s
 +
|-
 +
| USSR || [[PV-1 (7.62 mm)]] || style="text-align:center;" | 1926 || style="text-align:center;" | 750 RPM || 7.62×54 mm R || 8 seconds (~100 rounds) || 800-825 m/s
 +
|-
 +
| Great Britain || '''Vickers E (7.7 mm)''' || style="text-align:center;" | 1917 || style="text-align:center;" | 900 RPM || 7.62 x 63 mm || 6.7 seconds (~100 rounds) || 720-730 m/s
 +
|-
 +
| Japan || [[Type 89 army (7.7 mm)|Type 89 army]] || style="text-align:center;" | 1932 || style="text-align:center;" | 900 RPM || 7.7 x 56 mm R || 6.7 seconds (~100 rounds) || 811 m/s
 +
|-
 +
| Italy || [[Breda-SAFAT (7.7 mm)]] || style="text-align:center;" | 1935 || style="text-align:center;" | 900 RPM || 7.7 x 56 mm R || 9.7 seconds (~145 rounds) || 730 m/s
 +
|-
 +
| France || [[MAC 1934 (7.5 mm)]] || style="text-align:center;" | 1934 || style="text-align:center;" | 1,350 RPM || 7.5 x 54 mm MAS || 6.2 seconds (~140 rounds) || 835-920 m/s
 +
|-
 +
| Sweden || [[Ksp m/22 (8 mm)]] || style="text-align:center;" | 1919 || style="text-align:center;" | 1,200 RPM || 8 x 63 mm || 7 seconds (~140 rounds) || 750-853 m/s
 +
|-
 +
|}
  
 
== Usage in battles ==
 
== Usage in battles ==
−
''Describe the cannon/machine gun in the game - its distinctive features, tactics of usage against the main opponents. Please don't write a "guide" - do not impose a single point of view, but give the reader food for thought.''
+
''Describe the cannon/machine gun in the game - its distinctive features, tactics of usage against notable opponents. Please don't write a "guide" - do not impose a single point of view, but give the reader food for thought.''
  
 
=== Pros and cons ===
 
=== Pros and cons ===
−
''Summarize and briefly evaluate the weaponry in terms of its characteristics and combat effectiveness. Mark pros and cons as a list.''
+
<!-- ''Summarise and briefly evaluate the weaponry in terms of its characteristics and combat effectiveness. Mark pros and cons as a list.'' -->
  
 
'''Pros:'''
 
'''Pros:'''
  
−
*
+
* Fast rate of fire
 +
* High ammunition count
 +
* Able to take down most planes in its BR
  
 
'''Cons:'''
 
'''Cons:'''
  
−
*
+
* Inaccurate and little to no penetration at long range
 +
* Cannot penetrate even light tanks and closed top SPGs
  
 
== History ==
 
== History ==
−
''Examine the history of the creation and combat usage of this weapon. If the historical reference turns out to be too big, take it to a separate article, taking a link to an article about the vehicle and adding a block "/ History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(weapon-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article.''
+
<!-- ''Examine the history of the creation and combat usage of the weapon in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the weapon and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Weapon-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>.'' -->
 +
The Vickers E is an airborne variant of the [[Vickers (7.7 mm)|Vickers]] machine gun. When Vickers Ltd. acquired the Maxim company in 1896, they acquired the design of the [[Maxim (6.5 mm)|Maxim]], the world's first machine gun which was credited for the success of the "Scramble for Africa" in the late nineteenth century. Vickers Ltd. was quick to improve on the original design, adding a muzzle booster to provide a gas boost for the recoil operated action, simplifying the action, using higher strength alloys to reduce weight, and turning the mechanism upside down. In World War I, the Vickers was the British Army's machine gun of choice and did not disappoint. In August 1916, ten machine guns were fired non-stop for 12 hours firing a million rounds with no breakdowns.
 +
 
 +
The first military aircraft in World War I were unarmed as they were intended for reconnaissance and surveillance and aviation was still in its infancy. However, the idea of machine guns on aircraft was still considered a possibility. In 1913, not long before World War I began, Vickers produced the first purpose-built combat aircraft by the request of the British Admiralty. The Vickers E.F.B. 1 was only a prototype, but did get armed with a flexible mounted Vickers gun. However, when the design evolved to the first operational fighter aircraft, the Vickers F.B.5 "Gunbus", the armament was changed to a [[Lewis (7.7 mm)|Lewis gun]]. After 1916 however, sidearms were not enough for French and British fighter pilots and the Vickers was used to arm production fighters such as the Sopwith Triplane, and the French Nieuport 17 and SPAD VII. These guns were designated the Vickers E with the E indicating it was used by the pilot. While heavier than the similar Lewis gun, it benefited from being a recoil-operated gun that fired from a closed bolt, meaning it could be synchronized to fire through the blades of the propeller. The Vickers E was an air-cooled design instead of being water-cooled, as being in a flying aircraft allowed for natural cooling from low temperatures. However, the water jacket was a necessary component of the barrel-boosted recoil operation so it was left on the aircraft guns. By the late war period, the aerial arms race necessitated twin Vickers on aircraft including the famous Sopwith Camel and French SPAD XIII along with other fighters such as the Nieuport 28. The war also saw the development of the 11 mm Vickers Balloon Buster, a design that used large tracer or incendiary rounds specifically for use against observation balloons.
 +
 
 +
After World War I, the British would keep the Vickers E and used it arm their post-war biplanes however as they moved their aircraft machine guns to the wings, the British would adopt the [[Browning (7.7 mm)|Browning .303]] as a replacement. The last fighter aircraft to be armed with the Vickers E is the Gloster [[Gladiator (Family)|Gladiator]] biplane though it was later also replaced with Brownings. The Vickers E still saw service during World War II however, as gun armed the [[Swordfish Mk I|Swordfish]] Torpedo Bombers that would remain in service throughout the entire conflict, even outlasting two attempted replacements.
  
 
== Media ==
 
== Media ==
−
''An excellent addition to the article would be a video guide, as well as screenshots from the game and photos.''
+
''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.''
  
 
== See also ==
 
== See also ==
−
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''
+
<!-- ''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''
 +
* ''reference to the article about the variant of the cannon/machine gun;''
 +
* ''references to approximate analogues by other nations and research trees.'' -->
  
−
* ''reference to the article about the variant of the cannon/machine gun;''
+
* [[Vickers K (7.7 mm)]]
−
* ''references to approximate analogues by other nations and research trees.''
 
  
 
== External links ==
 
== External links ==
Line 55: Line 122:
  
 
* ''topic on the official game forum;''
 
* ''topic on the official game forum;''
−
* ''encyclopedia page on the weapon;''
 
 
* ''other literature.''
 
* ''other literature.''
  

Latest revision as of 12:53, 23 September 2023

This page is about the British machine gun Vickers E (7.7 mm). For the Swedish light tank, see Vickers Mk.E.

Description

The 7.7 mm Vickers E is a British aircraft machine gun from World War I and the interwar period.

The first models were introduced in 1912. Modifications of the machine gun, both army and aviation, were produced from 1917 at the Vickers factories until 1940, when they began to be replaced by licensed Browning .303, which was more effective than the Vickers Class E.

The Vickers Class E became famous for being the first machine gun with a propeller synchronizer, which greatly increased its effectiveness in combat. The rate of fire is excellent 900 rounds per minute. (The average rate of fire of many machine guns in World War I was 500 rounds per minute.)

Vehicles equipped with this weapon

General info

Characteristic value
Muzzle velocity 720-730 m/s
Rate of fire 900 rounds per minute
Cartridge type 0.303 British; 7.7х56R
Capacity 600 cartridges (500 on the Osprey Mk IV)
Estimated Оverheat with Non-stop Firing 6.7 seconds (~100 rounds)

Available ammunition

  • Default: T · AP · IAI · AP · I
Belt has weak incendiary and armour-piercing effect.
  • Universal: T · AP · IAI · AP
Belt has weak incendiary, but good armour-piercing effect compared to default. A good choice for pilots to bring.
  • Tracers: T · T · T · AP
Belt has low armour-piercing effect and no incendiary effect at all.
  • Stealth: I · AP · AP · AP · IAI
Belt has impressive armour-piercing capabilities and good incendiary effect. Probably the best choice once pilots are used to the ballistics.

Comparison with analogues

Comparable machine guns to Vickers E (7.7 mm)
Country Model Year of Creation Rounds Per Minute Ammunition Estimated Оverheat
with Non-stop Firing 		Muzzle velocity
USA Browning (7.62 mm) 1919 1,000 RPM 7.62 x 63 mm 5.4 seconds (~90 rounds) 835-920 m/s
Germany MG 17 (7.92 mm) 1934 1,200 RPM 7.92 x 57 mm 6.25 seconds (~125 rounds) 855-905 m/s
USSR PV-1 (7.62 mm) 1926 750 RPM 7.62×54 mm R 8 seconds (~100 rounds) 800-825 m/s
Great Britain Vickers E (7.7 mm) 1917 900 RPM 7.62 x 63 mm 6.7 seconds (~100 rounds) 720-730 m/s
Japan Type 89 army 1932 900 RPM 7.7 x 56 mm R 6.7 seconds (~100 rounds) 811 m/s
Italy Breda-SAFAT (7.7 mm) 1935 900 RPM 7.7 x 56 mm R 9.7 seconds (~145 rounds) 730 m/s
France MAC 1934 (7.5 mm) 1934 1,350 RPM 7.5 x 54 mm MAS 6.2 seconds (~140 rounds) 835-920 m/s
Sweden Ksp m/22 (8 mm) 1919 1,200 RPM 8 x 63 mm 7 seconds (~140 rounds) 750-853 m/s

Usage in battles

Describe the cannon/machine gun in the game - its distinctive features, tactics of usage against notable opponents. Please don't write a "guide" - do not impose a single point of view, but give the reader food for thought.

Pros and cons

Pros:

  • Fast rate of fire
  • High ammunition count
  • Able to take down most planes in its BR

Cons:

  • Inaccurate and little to no penetration at long range
  • Cannot penetrate even light tanks and closed top SPGs

History

The Vickers E is an airborne variant of the Vickers machine gun. When Vickers Ltd. acquired the Maxim company in 1896, they acquired the design of the Maxim, the world's first machine gun which was credited for the success of the "Scramble for Africa" in the late nineteenth century. Vickers Ltd. was quick to improve on the original design, adding a muzzle booster to provide a gas boost for the recoil operated action, simplifying the action, using higher strength alloys to reduce weight, and turning the mechanism upside down. In World War I, the Vickers was the British Army's machine gun of choice and did not disappoint. In August 1916, ten machine guns were fired non-stop for 12 hours firing a million rounds with no breakdowns.

The first military aircraft in World War I were unarmed as they were intended for reconnaissance and surveillance and aviation was still in its infancy. However, the idea of machine guns on aircraft was still considered a possibility. In 1913, not long before World War I began, Vickers produced the first purpose-built combat aircraft by the request of the British Admiralty. The Vickers E.F.B. 1 was only a prototype, but did get armed with a flexible mounted Vickers gun. However, when the design evolved to the first operational fighter aircraft, the Vickers F.B.5 "Gunbus", the armament was changed to a Lewis gun. After 1916 however, sidearms were not enough for French and British fighter pilots and the Vickers was used to arm production fighters such as the Sopwith Triplane, and the French Nieuport 17 and SPAD VII. These guns were designated the Vickers E with the E indicating it was used by the pilot. While heavier than the similar Lewis gun, it benefited from being a recoil-operated gun that fired from a closed bolt, meaning it could be synchronized to fire through the blades of the propeller. The Vickers E was an air-cooled design instead of being water-cooled, as being in a flying aircraft allowed for natural cooling from low temperatures. However, the water jacket was a necessary component of the barrel-boosted recoil operation so it was left on the aircraft guns. By the late war period, the aerial arms race necessitated twin Vickers on aircraft including the famous Sopwith Camel and French SPAD XIII along with other fighters such as the Nieuport 28. The war also saw the development of the 11 mm Vickers Balloon Buster, a design that used large tracer or incendiary rounds specifically for use against observation balloons.

After World War I, the British would keep the Vickers E and used it arm their post-war biplanes however as they moved their aircraft machine guns to the wings, the British would adopt the Browning .303 as a replacement. The last fighter aircraft to be armed with the Vickers E is the Gloster Gladiator biplane though it was later also replaced with Brownings. The Vickers E still saw service during World War II however, as gun armed the Swordfish Torpedo Bombers that would remain in service throughout the entire conflict, even outlasting two attempted replacements.

Media

Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.

See also

External links

Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:

  • topic on the official game forum;
  • other literature.


Aircraft machine guns
USA 
7.62 mm  Browning · M134 Minigun
12.7 mm  GAU-19 · M2 Browning · M3 Browning
Germany 
7.62 mm  MG3
7.92 mm  MG 15 · MG 17 · MG 81
12.7 mm  FN M3P
13 mm  MG 131
USSR 
7.62 mm  DA · GShG-7.62 · PKT · PV-1 · ShKAS
12.7 mm  A-12.7 · Berezin UB · TKB-481 · YaK-B
Britain 
7.62 mm  FN 60.30 · L8A1
7.7 mm  Browning · Lewis · Vickers E · Vickers K
Japan 
7.7 mm  Te-1 · Type 89 · Type 89 'special' · Type 92 · Type 97 navy
7.92 mm  Type 1 · Type 98
12.7 mm  Ho-103 · Ho-104
13 mm  Type 2
13.2 mm  Type 3
China 
12.7 mm  QJK99-12.7-1
Italy 
7.7 mm  Breda-SAFAT · Lewis
7.92 mm  FN Browning
12.7 mm  Breda-SAFAT · FN M3M · Scotti
France 
7.5 mm  Darne 1933 · Fabrique Nationale Mle 38 · FN Browning · MAC 1934 · MAC 1934T · Mle 33 · Mle 1923
7.62 mm  PKA
7.92 mm  FN-Browning M.36 No.3 · FN-Browning M.36 No.4
Sweden 
7.7 mm  FN-Browning M.36 No.3
8 mm  Ksp m/22 · Ksp m/22 Fh · Ksp m/22 Fv · Ksp m/22-37 R
12.7 mm  Akan m/39A · Akan m/40 · Akan m/45 · LKk/42
13.2 mm  Akan m/39 · Akan m/39A

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