Difference between revisions of "SMS Westfalen"
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| − | {{Specs-Card|code=germ_battleship_westfalen}} | + | {{Specs-Card |
| + | |code=germ_battleship_westfalen | ||
| + | |images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}} | ||
| + | }} | ||
== Description == | == Description == | ||
<!-- ''In the first part of the description, cover the history of the ship's creation and military application. In the second part, tell the reader about using this ship in the game. Add a screenshot: if a beginner player has a hard time remembering vehicles by name, a picture will help them identify the ship in question.'' --> | <!-- ''In the first part of the description, cover the history of the ship's creation and military application. In the second part, tell the reader about using this ship in the game. Add a screenshot: if a beginner player has a hard time remembering vehicles by name, a picture will help them identify the ship in question.'' --> | ||
| − | |||
| − | |||
The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} German battleship {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update "New Power"]]. | The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} German battleship {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update "New Power"]]. | ||
== General info == | == General info == | ||
=== Survivability and armour === | === Survivability and armour === | ||
| + | {{Specs-Fleet-Armour}} | ||
<!-- ''Talk about the vehicle's armour. Note the most well-defended and most vulnerable zones, e.g. the ammo magazine. Evaluate the composition of components and assemblies responsible for movement and manoeuvrability. Evaluate the survivability of the primary and secondary armaments separately. Don't forget to mention the size of the crew, which plays an important role in fleet mechanics. Save tips on preserving survivability for the "Usage in battles" section. If necessary, use a graphical template to show the most well-protected or most vulnerable points in the armour.'' --> | <!-- ''Talk about the vehicle's armour. Note the most well-defended and most vulnerable zones, e.g. the ammo magazine. Evaluate the composition of components and assemblies responsible for movement and manoeuvrability. Evaluate the survivability of the primary and secondary armaments separately. Don't forget to mention the size of the crew, which plays an important role in fleet mechanics. Save tips on preserving survivability for the "Usage in battles" section. If necessary, use a graphical template to show the most well-protected or most vulnerable points in the armour.'' --> | ||
| − | + | The SMS Westfalen is a dreadnought which features an armour scheme distributed through all of the ship, giving her more protection all around the ship compared to later "All-or-nothing" armored ships, which would only heavily armor the important parts of the ship, usually the Citadel. Her armour is rolled cemented "krupp" armour, which contains higher carbon steel on the surface and a softer core. The intent was to try shattering the shells with the tougher layer, while the softer core would absorb the shell's impact. This was one of the latest evolutions in armour designs used by dreadnoughts. | |
| + | |||
| + | When it comes to survivability, her citadel is protected by a turtle back armour scheme in addition to coal bunkers. This should stop most shells from penetrating the important parts such as the ammo racks and the engines, while her 90-170 mm thick external armour will stop most destroyer's shells and high explosive rounds from all sources. | ||
| + | |||
| + | The ship has only limited of AA armament, and while bomber aircraft present a real danger, only Japanese torpedo aircraft carry a large enough torpedo to bypass her torpedo bulges, which are thick enough to stop all but the Japanese [[Type 91 Model 2 (835 kg)|Type 91 Model 2]] and [[Type 91 Model 3 (850 kg)|Model 3]] airborne torpedoes. | ||
| + | |||
| + | Having relatively little crew that's left exposed out in the open, the only places she'll lose crew easily are the 88 mm guns in the bow and stern, so it is not recommended repairing the ship just for fixing those, as it will put new crew inside them to be easily lost again. | ||
=== Mobility === | === Mobility === | ||
| + | {{Specs-Fleet-Mobility}} | ||
<!-- ''Write about the ship's mobility. Evaluate its power and manoeuvrability, rudder rerouting speed, stopping speed at full tilt, with its maximum forward and reverse speed.'' --> | <!-- ''Write about the ship's mobility. Evaluate its power and manoeuvrability, rudder rerouting speed, stopping speed at full tilt, with its maximum forward and reverse speed.'' --> | ||
| − | ' | + | Don't expect mobility from a dreadnought. She was made to take damage while sending it back to her opponent. Speed was much less of a concern than armour. |
| + | |||
| + | This gives her roughly 38 km/h top speed, which is quite slow. Not enough to evade easily any bomb attacks. | ||
{{NavalMobility}} | {{NavalMobility}} | ||
| + | |||
| + | === Modifications and economy === | ||
| + | {{Specs-Economy}} | ||
== Armament == | == Armament == | ||
| + | {{Specs-Fleet-Armaments}} | ||
=== Primary armament === | === Primary armament === | ||
| + | {{Specs-Fleet-Primary}} | ||
<!-- ''Provide information about the characteristics of the primary armament. Evaluate their efficacy in battle based on their reload speed, ballistics and the capacity of their shells. Add a link to the main article about the weapon: <code><nowiki>{{main|Weapon name (calibre)}}</nowiki></code>. Broadly describe the ammunition available for the primary armament, and provide recommendations on how to use it and which ammunition to choose.'' --> | <!-- ''Provide information about the characteristics of the primary armament. Evaluate their efficacy in battle based on their reload speed, ballistics and the capacity of their shells. Add a link to the main article about the weapon: <code><nowiki>{{main|Weapon name (calibre)}}</nowiki></code>. Broadly describe the ammunition available for the primary armament, and provide recommendations on how to use it and which ammunition to choose.'' --> | ||
{{main|283 mm/45 SK L/45 (283 mm)}} | {{main|283 mm/45 SK L/45 (283 mm)}} | ||
| − | + | Her armament consists of 6 turrets, each with twin 283 mm cannons. This is rather weak compared to most other battleships who have 305 mm or even larger guns. However, these will still make short work of cruisers and destroyers. | |
| + | |||
| + | The front, front-left and front-right turrets can fire frontally, pretty useful in dreadnought vs dreadnought scenario. | ||
| + | |||
| + | To use her firepower to its best, she will have to show a lot of broadside just to align a fourth turret. It is rarely worth it, unless the player wants to rely on her secondary too. | ||
| + | |||
| + | {{:283 mm/45 SK L/45 (283 mm)/Ammunition|283 mm Sprgr. L/3.6 Bdz, 283 mm Psgr. L/3.2}} | ||
=== Secondary armament === | === Secondary armament === | ||
| + | {{Specs-Fleet-Secondary}} | ||
<!-- ''Some ships are fitted with weapons of various calibres. Secondary armaments are defined as weapons chosen with the control <code>Select secondary weapon</code>. Evaluate the secondary armaments and give advice on how to use them. Describe the ammunition available for the secondary armament. Provide recommendations on how to use them and which ammunition to choose. Remember that any anti-air armament, even heavy calibre weapons, belong in the next section. If there is no secondary armament, remove this section.'' --> | <!-- ''Some ships are fitted with weapons of various calibres. Secondary armaments are defined as weapons chosen with the control <code>Select secondary weapon</code>. Evaluate the secondary armaments and give advice on how to use them. Describe the ammunition available for the secondary armament. Provide recommendations on how to use them and which ammunition to choose. Remember that any anti-air armament, even heavy calibre weapons, belong in the next section. If there is no secondary armament, remove this section.'' --> | ||
{{main|150 mm/45 SK L/45 (150 mm)|88 mm/45 casemate SK L/45 (88 mm)}} | {{main|150 mm/45 SK L/45 (150 mm)|88 mm/45 casemate SK L/45 (88 mm)}} | ||
| − | + | This is where she shines. Twelve 150 mm and 88 mm guns. Patrol Torpedo boats will have a hard time sneaking through that firepower. Even destroyers will fear your 150 mm cannons from afar. You can rely on these should your main turrets get destroyed, or to take out most PT boats. | |
| + | |||
| + | {{:150 mm/45 SK L/45 (150 mm)/Ammunition|150 mm Sprgr. L/4.1 Kz, 150 mm Sprgr. L/4.1 Bdz, 150 mm Psgr. L/3.7}} | ||
=== Anti-aircraft armament === | === Anti-aircraft armament === | ||
| + | {{Specs-Fleet-AA}} | ||
<!-- ''An important part of the ship's armament responsible for air defence. Anti-aircraft armament is defined by the weapon chosen with the control <code>Select anti-aircraft weapons</code>. Talk about the ship's anti-air cannons and machine guns, the number of guns and their positions, their effective range, and about their overall effectiveness – including against surface targets. If there are no anti-aircraft armaments, remove this section.'' --> | <!-- ''An important part of the ship's armament responsible for air defence. Anti-aircraft armament is defined by the weapon chosen with the control <code>Select anti-aircraft weapons</code>. Talk about the ship's anti-air cannons and machine guns, the number of guns and their positions, their effective range, and about their overall effectiveness – including against surface targets. If there are no anti-aircraft armaments, remove this section.'' --> | ||
| − | {{main|88 mm/45 AA SK L/45 (88 mm)| | + | {{main|88 mm/45 AA SK L/45 (88 mm)|MG08 pattern 1908 (7.92 mm)}} |
| − | + | She comes with four 88 mm AA cannons located center of her rear main turrets. These guns will always fire HE-TF shells, and are surprisingly effective against lateral and rear attacks from aircraft. | |
| + | |||
| + | Her four 7.62 mm MG08 machine guns will not help much however. | ||
== Usage in battles == | == Usage in battles == | ||
<!-- ''Describe the technique of using this ship, the characteristics of her use in a team and tips on strategy. Abstain from writing an entire guide – don't try to provide a single point of view, but give the reader food for thought. Talk about the most dangerous opponents for this vehicle and provide recommendations on fighting them. If necessary, note the specifics of playing with this vehicle in various modes (AB, RB, SB).'' --> | <!-- ''Describe the technique of using this ship, the characteristics of her use in a team and tips on strategy. Abstain from writing an entire guide – don't try to provide a single point of view, but give the reader food for thought. Talk about the most dangerous opponents for this vehicle and provide recommendations on fighting them. If necessary, note the specifics of playing with this vehicle in various modes (AB, RB, SB).'' --> | ||
| − | + | As a dreadnought, she excels at taking hits while giving them. Her playground is small maps, where her secondaries can make short work of destroyers while her primaries take care of cruisers. | |
| + | |||
| + | Due to her "small" 283 mm cannons, she will have more trouble facing other dreadnoughts who have larger guns. It's not impossible, just better to shoot at softer targets instead. | ||
| + | |||
| + | Her torpedo protection will stop most torpedoes set at 1m depth. You will however get severely damaged from 4 m depth torpedoes. | ||
| − | + | As with most German dreadnoughts, she puts the emphasis on armour and reliability instead of speed and firepower. | |
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=== Pros and cons === | === Pros and cons === | ||
<!-- ''Summarise and briefly evaluate the vehicle in terms of its characteristics and combat effectiveness. Mark its pros and cons in the bulleted list. Try not to use more than 6 points for each of the characteristics. Avoid using categorical definitions such as "bad", "good" and the like - use substitutions with softer forms such as "inadequate" and "effective".'' --> | <!-- ''Summarise and briefly evaluate the vehicle in terms of its characteristics and combat effectiveness. Mark its pros and cons in the bulleted list. Try not to use more than 6 points for each of the characteristics. Avoid using categorical definitions such as "bad", "good" and the like - use substitutions with softer forms such as "inadequate" and "effective".'' --> | ||
| − | |||
'''Pros:''' | '''Pros:''' | ||
| − | * | + | |
| + | * Lots of firepower available from guns | ||
| + | * Thick armour all around | ||
| + | * Turtle back citadel armour scheme | ||
| + | * Coal bunkers | ||
'''Cons:''' | '''Cons:''' | ||
| − | * | + | |
| + | * Somewhat weaker main guns in comparison to other battleships | ||
| + | * Mediocre anti-air defense | ||
| + | * Huge profile and low mobility | ||
== History == | == History == | ||
<!-- ''Describe the history of the creation and combat usage of the ship in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the ship and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Ship-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>. This section may also include the ship's dev blog entry (if applicable) and the in-game encyclopedia description (under <code><nowiki>=== In-game description ===</nowiki></code>, also if applicable).'' --> | <!-- ''Describe the history of the creation and combat usage of the ship in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the ship and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Ship-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>. This section may also include the ship's dev blog entry (if applicable) and the in-game encyclopedia description (under <code><nowiki>=== In-game description ===</nowiki></code>, also if applicable).'' --> | ||
| − | + | SMS Westfalen was a member of the four-ship Nassau-class, the first class of dreadnoughts built by the Imperial German Navy. Commissioned in 1909, she saw extensive service during the First World War, where she participated in many naval engagements. She was also responsible for the destruction of three British destroyers at the Battle of Jutland. Westfalen was damaged in 1918, and thereafter used as a training ship; she was later handed to the United Kingdom as a war reparation, and scrapped in 1924.<ref name=":0">Militaer Wissen. (n.d.)</ref> | |
| + | |||
| + | === Design and construction === | ||
| + | The Nassau class was built to counter the British HMS Dreadnought, who had revolutionized modern battleship design. As a result, the Nassaus were the first ships of the German Navy to carry an all-big-gun armament. The ships were also the first German vessels to be equipped with a torpedo bulkhead.<ref name=":0" /> The ships were intended to carry new steam turbines, but the German steam-turbine manufacturing process had not been refined; as a result, the Nassaus were equipped with large, space-consuming piston engines.<ref name=":0" /> This also contributed to the installation of Westfalen<nowiki/>'s unique hexagonal main armament arrangement.<ref name=":0" /> Westfalen was launched on July 1st 1908, and commissioned in November of 1909. | ||
| + | |||
| + | Westfalen displaced just over 20 thousand tons, and was capable of making just over 20 knots. She carried a main armament of twelve 11-inch (281 mm) guns in a hexagonal formation, with four guns mounted on the beam.<ref name=":0" /> She also carried a large amount of 5.9-inch (150 mm) and 88 mm guns to counter smaller vessels and torpedo boats.<ref name=":0" /> Later on, Westfalen was refitted to carry a small number of anti-aircraft guns; she initially carried six underwater torpedo tubes, but these were later removed.1<ref name=":0" /> | ||
| + | |||
| + | === Service History === | ||
| + | [[File:SMS Westfalen.jpg|thumb|German Battleship SMS Westfalen seen from the side. Her two beam turrets are prominently visible.]] | ||
| + | After her commissioning, the SMS Westfalen served as the flagship of the First Battle Squadron, replacing the elderly pre-dreadnought SMS Kaiser Barbarossa.<ref name=":0" /> She served in this role until 1914, when she was slated to be moved to the Second Battle Squadron; however, these plans were put on hold following the outbreak of the First World War.<ref name=":0" /> She then served as part of the screening force protecting Admiral Hipper's battlecruisers, which were shelling the towns of Scarborough, Hartlepool and Whitby.<ref name=":0" /> She also served a minor role in the Battle of the Gulf of Riga.<ref name=":0" /> | ||
| + | |||
| + | Westfalen participated in the Battle of Jutland, where she was at the rear of the German Battleship Formation. However, in the late evening, she encountered a light force of several British destroyers, and an ensuing firefight erupted at close range.<ref name=":0" /> Westfalen scored several hits on the British destroyer leader Tiperrary, causing critical damage;<ref name=":0" /> the destroyer was later finished off by her sister ship Nassau. She then fired multiple salvoes at the destroyers Fortune and Turbulent, critically damaging the former and sinking the latter. During this time, her bridge was hit by a round fired from a destroyer, which killed two and injured several others; the ship received no other battle damage.<ref name=":0" /> | ||
| + | |||
| + | Following this action, the Westfalen returned to port for repairs. Several months later, she was yet again part of the screening force for Hipper's battlecruisers, this time for a raid on the town of Sunderland. However, Westfalen was struck by a torpedo from the British submarine E23,<ref name=":0" /> which flooded her torpedo bulkhead with 800 tons of water. Despite this, the torpedo bulkhead held, demonstrating its effectiveness.<ref name=":0" /> | ||
| + | |||
| + | In February of 1918, the ship participated in the Finland intervention by transporting troops.<ref name=":0" /> She also fired her main guns in support of German Forces. In April, Westfalen completed this operation and returned to the First Battle Squadron; however, in August, she suffered serious damage to her boilers.<ref name=":0" /> Thus, she was decommissioned and used as a training ship.<ref name=":0" /> Following the conclusion of the First World War, Westfalen was handed over to the United Kingdom as a war reparation. Thus, she was scrapped in 1924 at Birkenhead.<ref name=":0" /> | ||
| + | |||
| + | === [[wt:en/news/6923-development-sms-westfalen-into-a-new-era-en|Devblog]] === | ||
| + | After the incredible HMS Dreadnought appeared, German shipbuilders began working on a new battleship design to succeed the British flagship. | ||
| + | |||
| + | Several new designs were created and considered as a result, but eventually the "G7b" design was approved by the Kaiser in March 1906, officially becoming the Nassau class. Shortly after, two of the new Nassau battleships were ordered with two further ships being added to the construction queue of German shipyards later. | ||
| + | |||
| + | SMS Westfalen was the last of the Nassau-class battleships to be laid down in August 1907, but the second to be commissioned into service with the Imperial Navy in November 1909. In the years leading up to WWI, Westfalen actively took part in routine fleet exercises and training courses with other elements of the Imperial Navy. | ||
| + | |||
| + | During the war, Westfalen, along with other ships of its type, actively participated in combat. The 2nd division (all ships of the Nassau type) of the 1st Hochseeflot squadron fought in the Baltic, and then in full force at Jutland, where they were especially active during the night phase of the battle. Initially, Westfalen, Nassau and Rheinland shot the destroyer Tipperary, and after that, a collision between Nassau and the destroyer Spitfire occurred where due to the extremely short distance between ships, the destroyer was below the sector of fire of the main battery guns, but was damaged by muzzle gases and barely escaped. Westfalen rammed and sank the destroyer Turbulent, and also participated in the sinking of the destroyers Ardent and Fortune. After Jutland, she took part in Operation Albion. Following the end of WWI, Westfalen was ceded to Great Britain as a replacement for some of the German ships lost to scuttling at Scapa Flow and shortly afterwards sold for scrap, being broken up between 1920 - 1924. | ||
== Media == | == Media == | ||
<!-- ''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.'' --> | <!-- ''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.'' --> | ||
| − | + | ||
| + | ;Skins | ||
| + | |||
| + | * [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=germ_battleship_westfalen Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.] | ||
| + | |||
| + | ;Images | ||
| + | <gallery mode="packed" caption="SMS Westfalen Devblog Images" heights="180"> | ||
| + | File:Westfalen WTWallpaper 001.jpg| | ||
| + | File:Westfalen WTWallpaper 002.jpg| | ||
| + | File:Westfalen WTWallpaper 003.jpg| | ||
| + | File:Westfalen WTWallpaper 004.jpg| | ||
| + | File:Westfalen WTWallpaper 005.jpg| | ||
| + | File:Westfalen WTWallpaper 006.jpg| | ||
| + | </gallery> | ||
| + | |||
| + | ;Videos | ||
| + | {{Youtube-gallery|tiouSo_0Pj8|'''{{PAGENAME}} - Flipped Review''' - ''Flipped StuG''}} | ||
== See also == | == See also == | ||
| Line 100: | Line 143: | ||
* ''reference to the series of the ship;'' | * ''reference to the series of the ship;'' | ||
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.'' --> | * ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.'' --> | ||
| − | + | ||
| − | + | ;[[Nassau (Family)|Related development]] | |
| − | * | + | * [[SMS Nassau]] |
== External links == | == External links == | ||
| Line 111: | Line 154: | ||
* [[wt:en/news/6923-development-sms-westfalen-into-a-new-era-en|[Devblog] SMS Westfalen: Into a New Era]] | * [[wt:en/news/6923-development-sms-westfalen-into-a-new-era-en|[Devblog] SMS Westfalen: Into a New Era]] | ||
| + | === References === | ||
| + | |||
| + | ;Citations | ||
| + | <references /> | ||
| + | |||
| + | ;Bibliography | ||
| + | |||
| + | * Militaer Wissen. (n.d.). Battleship SMS Westfalen. Retrieved November 30, 2020, from <nowiki>https://www.militaer-wissen.de/battleship-sms-westfalen/?lang=en</nowiki> | ||
| + | |||
| + | {{ShipManufacturer DeSchiMAG}} | ||
{{Germany battleships}} | {{Germany battleships}} | ||
Latest revision as of 15:29, 30 December 2023
Contents
Description
The Nassau-class, SMS Westfalen, 1916 is a rank V German battleship with a battle rating of 6.3 (AB/RB/SB). It was introduced in Update "New Power".
General info
Survivability and armour
The SMS Westfalen is a dreadnought which features an armour scheme distributed through all of the ship, giving her more protection all around the ship compared to later "All-or-nothing" armored ships, which would only heavily armor the important parts of the ship, usually the Citadel. Her armour is rolled cemented "krupp" armour, which contains higher carbon steel on the surface and a softer core. The intent was to try shattering the shells with the tougher layer, while the softer core would absorb the shell's impact. This was one of the latest evolutions in armour designs used by dreadnoughts.
When it comes to survivability, her citadel is protected by a turtle back armour scheme in addition to coal bunkers. This should stop most shells from penetrating the important parts such as the ammo racks and the engines, while her 90-170 mm thick external armour will stop most destroyer's shells and high explosive rounds from all sources.
The ship has only limited of AA armament, and while bomber aircraft present a real danger, only Japanese torpedo aircraft carry a large enough torpedo to bypass her torpedo bulges, which are thick enough to stop all but the Japanese Type 91 Model 2 and Model 3 airborne torpedoes.
Having relatively little crew that's left exposed out in the open, the only places she'll lose crew easily are the 88 mm guns in the bow and stern, so it is not recommended repairing the ship just for fixing those, as it will put new crew inside them to be easily lost again.
Mobility
Don't expect mobility from a dreadnought. She was made to take damage while sending it back to her opponent. Speed was much less of a concern than armour.
This gives her roughly 38 km/h top speed, which is quite slow. Not enough to evade easily any bomb attacks.
| Mobility Characteristics | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Game Mode | Upgrade Status | Maximum Speed (km/h) | |
| Forward | Reverse | ||
| AB | |||
| Upgraded | 44 | 25 | |
| RB/SB | |||
| Upgraded | 37 | 22 | |
Modifications and economy
| Seakeeping | Unsinkability | Firepower | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
|
Armament
Primary armament
Her armament consists of 6 turrets, each with twin 283 mm cannons. This is rather weak compared to most other battleships who have 305 mm or even larger guns. However, these will still make short work of cruisers and destroyers.
The front, front-left and front-right turrets can fire frontally, pretty useful in dreadnought vs dreadnought scenario.
To use her firepower to its best, she will have to show a lot of broadside just to align a fourth turret. It is rarely worth it, unless the player wants to rely on her secondary too.
| Penetration statistics | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ammunition | Type of warhead |
Penetration @ 0° Angle of Attack (mm) | |||||
| 1,000 m | 2,500 m | 5,000 m | 7,500 m | 10,000 m | 15,000 m | ||
| Sprgr. L/3.6 Bdz | SAP | 359 | 312 | 248 | 199 | 162 | 120 |
| Psgr. L/3.2 | APC | 469 | 408 | 324 | 260 | 212 | 157 |
| Shell details | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ammunition | Type of warhead |
Velocity (m/s) |
Projectile mass (kg) |
Fuse delay (s) |
Fuse sensitivity (mm) |
Explosive mass (TNT equivalent) (kg) |
Ricochet | |||||
| 0% | 50% | 100% | ||||||||||
| Sprgr. L/3.6 Bdz | SAP | 855 | 302 | 0.025 | 15 | 17 | 47° | 60° | 65° | |||
| Psgr. L/3.2 | APC | 855 | 302 | 0.025 | 15 | 8.95 | 48° | 63° | 71° | |||
Secondary armament
This is where she shines. Twelve 150 mm and 88 mm guns. Patrol Torpedo boats will have a hard time sneaking through that firepower. Even destroyers will fear your 150 mm cannons from afar. You can rely on these should your main turrets get destroyed, or to take out most PT boats.
| Penetration statistics | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ammunition | Type of warhead |
Penetration @ 0° Angle of Attack (mm) | |||||
| 1,000 m | 2,500 m | 5,000 m | 7,500 m | 10,000 m | 15,000 m | ||
| Sprgr. L/4.1 Kz | HE | 21 | 21 | 21 | 21 | 21 | 21 |
| Sprgr. L/4.1 Bdz | SAPBC | 95 | 80 | 61 | 47 | 37 | 28 |
| Psgr. L/3.7 | APCBC | 238 | 201 | 153 | 117 | 93 | 71 |
| Shell details | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ammunition | Type of warhead |
Velocity (m/s) |
Projectile mass (kg) |
Fuse delay (s) |
Fuse sensitivity (mm) |
Explosive mass (TNT equivalent) (g) |
Ricochet | |||||
| 0% | 50% | 100% | ||||||||||
| Sprgr. L/4.1 Kz | HE | 835 | 45.3 | 0 | 0.1 | 1,600 | 79° | 80° | 81° | |||
| Sprgr. L/4.1 Bdz | SAPBC | 835 | 45.3 | 0.01 | 7 | 1,050 | 48° | 63° | 71° | |||
| Psgr. L/3.7 | APCBC | 835 | 45.3 | 0.015 | 7 | 990 | 48° | 63° | 71° | |||
Anti-aircraft armament
She comes with four 88 mm AA cannons located center of her rear main turrets. These guns will always fire HE-TF shells, and are surprisingly effective against lateral and rear attacks from aircraft.
Her four 7.62 mm MG08 machine guns will not help much however.
Usage in battles
As a dreadnought, she excels at taking hits while giving them. Her playground is small maps, where her secondaries can make short work of destroyers while her primaries take care of cruisers.
Due to her "small" 283 mm cannons, she will have more trouble facing other dreadnoughts who have larger guns. It's not impossible, just better to shoot at softer targets instead.
Her torpedo protection will stop most torpedoes set at 1m depth. You will however get severely damaged from 4 m depth torpedoes.
As with most German dreadnoughts, she puts the emphasis on armour and reliability instead of speed and firepower.
Pros and cons
Pros:
- Lots of firepower available from guns
- Thick armour all around
- Turtle back citadel armour scheme
- Coal bunkers
Cons:
- Somewhat weaker main guns in comparison to other battleships
- Mediocre anti-air defense
- Huge profile and low mobility
History
SMS Westfalen was a member of the four-ship Nassau-class, the first class of dreadnoughts built by the Imperial German Navy. Commissioned in 1909, she saw extensive service during the First World War, where she participated in many naval engagements. She was also responsible for the destruction of three British destroyers at the Battle of Jutland. Westfalen was damaged in 1918, and thereafter used as a training ship; she was later handed to the United Kingdom as a war reparation, and scrapped in 1924.[1]
Design and construction
The Nassau class was built to counter the British HMS Dreadnought, who had revolutionized modern battleship design. As a result, the Nassaus were the first ships of the German Navy to carry an all-big-gun armament. The ships were also the first German vessels to be equipped with a torpedo bulkhead.[1] The ships were intended to carry new steam turbines, but the German steam-turbine manufacturing process had not been refined; as a result, the Nassaus were equipped with large, space-consuming piston engines.[1] This also contributed to the installation of Westfalen's unique hexagonal main armament arrangement.[1] Westfalen was launched on July 1st 1908, and commissioned in November of 1909.
Westfalen displaced just over 20 thousand tons, and was capable of making just over 20 knots. She carried a main armament of twelve 11-inch (281 mm) guns in a hexagonal formation, with four guns mounted on the beam.[1] She also carried a large amount of 5.9-inch (150 mm) and 88 mm guns to counter smaller vessels and torpedo boats.[1] Later on, Westfalen was refitted to carry a small number of anti-aircraft guns; she initially carried six underwater torpedo tubes, but these were later removed.1[1]
Service History
After her commissioning, the SMS Westfalen served as the flagship of the First Battle Squadron, replacing the elderly pre-dreadnought SMS Kaiser Barbarossa.[1] She served in this role until 1914, when she was slated to be moved to the Second Battle Squadron; however, these plans were put on hold following the outbreak of the First World War.[1] She then served as part of the screening force protecting Admiral Hipper's battlecruisers, which were shelling the towns of Scarborough, Hartlepool and Whitby.[1] She also served a minor role in the Battle of the Gulf of Riga.[1]
Westfalen participated in the Battle of Jutland, where she was at the rear of the German Battleship Formation. However, in the late evening, she encountered a light force of several British destroyers, and an ensuing firefight erupted at close range.[1] Westfalen scored several hits on the British destroyer leader Tiperrary, causing critical damage;[1] the destroyer was later finished off by her sister ship Nassau. She then fired multiple salvoes at the destroyers Fortune and Turbulent, critically damaging the former and sinking the latter. During this time, her bridge was hit by a round fired from a destroyer, which killed two and injured several others; the ship received no other battle damage.[1]
Following this action, the Westfalen returned to port for repairs. Several months later, she was yet again part of the screening force for Hipper's battlecruisers, this time for a raid on the town of Sunderland. However, Westfalen was struck by a torpedo from the British submarine E23,[1] which flooded her torpedo bulkhead with 800 tons of water. Despite this, the torpedo bulkhead held, demonstrating its effectiveness.[1]
In February of 1918, the ship participated in the Finland intervention by transporting troops.[1] She also fired her main guns in support of German Forces. In April, Westfalen completed this operation and returned to the First Battle Squadron; however, in August, she suffered serious damage to her boilers.[1] Thus, she was decommissioned and used as a training ship.[1] Following the conclusion of the First World War, Westfalen was handed over to the United Kingdom as a war reparation. Thus, she was scrapped in 1924 at Birkenhead.[1]
Devblog
After the incredible HMS Dreadnought appeared, German shipbuilders began working on a new battleship design to succeed the British flagship.
Several new designs were created and considered as a result, but eventually the "G7b" design was approved by the Kaiser in March 1906, officially becoming the Nassau class. Shortly after, two of the new Nassau battleships were ordered with two further ships being added to the construction queue of German shipyards later.
SMS Westfalen was the last of the Nassau-class battleships to be laid down in August 1907, but the second to be commissioned into service with the Imperial Navy in November 1909. In the years leading up to WWI, Westfalen actively took part in routine fleet exercises and training courses with other elements of the Imperial Navy.
During the war, Westfalen, along with other ships of its type, actively participated in combat. The 2nd division (all ships of the Nassau type) of the 1st Hochseeflot squadron fought in the Baltic, and then in full force at Jutland, where they were especially active during the night phase of the battle. Initially, Westfalen, Nassau and Rheinland shot the destroyer Tipperary, and after that, a collision between Nassau and the destroyer Spitfire occurred where due to the extremely short distance between ships, the destroyer was below the sector of fire of the main battery guns, but was damaged by muzzle gases and barely escaped. Westfalen rammed and sank the destroyer Turbulent, and also participated in the sinking of the destroyers Ardent and Fortune. After Jutland, she took part in Operation Albion. Following the end of WWI, Westfalen was ceded to Great Britain as a replacement for some of the German ships lost to scuttling at Scapa Flow and shortly afterwards sold for scrap, being broken up between 1920 - 1924.
Media
- Skins
- Images
- SMS Westfalen Devblog Images
- Videos
See also
External links
References
- Citations
- Bibliography
- Militaer Wissen. (n.d.). Battleship SMS Westfalen. Retrieved November 30, 2020, from https://www.militaer-wissen.de/battleship-sms-westfalen/?lang=en
| Deutsche Schiff- und Maschinenbau Aktiengesellschaft | |
|---|---|
| Destroyers | |
| Type 1934A | Kleber** |
| Type 1936 | Z20 Karl Galster · Z22 Anton Schmitt |
| Type 1936A | Z25 · Marceau*** · Z32 |
| Type 1936B | Z43 |
| Type 1936C | Z46 · Z47 |
| Battleships | |
| Nassau-class | SMS Westfalen* |
| *Previously Aktien-Gesellschaft „Weser" | |
| **Z6 Theodor Riedel before war reparation to France | |
| ***Z31 before war reparation to France | |
| Germany battleships | |
|---|---|
| Nassau-class | SMS Nassau · SMS Westfalen |
| Helgoland-class | SMS Helgoland · SMS Ostfriesland |
| Kaiser-class | SMS Kaiser |
| Bayern-class | SMS Bayern · SMS Baden · SMS Sachsen |
