Difference between revisions of "152 mm/45 Schneider model 1911 (152 mm)"

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[[File:152 mm 45 Schneider model 1911.jpg|thumb|x250px|Stern port battery of '''152 mm/45 Schneider model 1911''' on [[RN Andrea Doria]]]]
 +
 
== Description ==
 
== Description ==
−
''Write an introduction to the article in 2-3 small paragraphs. Briefly tell us about the history of the development and combat using the weaponry and also about its features. Compile a list of air, ground, or naval vehicles that feature this weapon system in the game.''
+
<!-- ''Write an introduction to the article in 2-3 small paragraphs. Briefly tell us about the history of the development and combat using the weaponry and also about its features. Compile a list of air, ground, or naval vehicles that feature this weapon system in the game.'' -->
 +
'''152 mm/45 Schneider model 1911''' is an Italian casemate secondary gun. Typically, for a gun designed before the First World War it struggles with rate of fire, muzzle velocity and targeting speed. But it holds a really good explosive filler. Historically, the gun was adopted from France and lacked any significant successes in combat.
  
 
=== Vehicles equipped with this weapon ===
 
=== Vehicles equipped with this weapon ===
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* {{Specs-Link|it_battleship_andrea_doria}}
 
* {{Specs-Link|it_battleship_andrea_doria}}
 +
* {{Specs-Link|it_battleship_francesco_caracciolo}}
  
 
== General info ==
 
== General info ==
−
''Tell us about the tactical and technical characteristics of the cannon or machine gun.''
+
<!-- ''Tell us about the tactical and technical characteristics of the cannon or machine gun.'' -->
 +
Typically, for dreadnoughts of the era, the 152 mm/45 is a casemate gun, with an extremely limited angles of fire, in particular vertical guidance, which tops at 16°. This is due to the fact that the designers expected to fight battles at a much closer ranges than during the World War Two, as the primitive fire directors struggled with distant targets. Still, in game the gun can reach targets at over 12 kilometers range, making it suitable for any typical engagement. The large explosive filler of the shells gives it significant burst damage, but the low rate of fire makes it possible to fire only two broadsides while the [[305 mm/46 Vickers model 1909 (305 mm)|main guns]] are reloading.
  
 
=== Available ammunition ===
 
=== Available ammunition ===
−
''Describe the shells that are available for the weapon and their features and purpose. If it concerns autocannons or machine guns, write about different ammo belts and what is inside (which types of shells).''
+
<!-- ''Describe the shells that are available for the weapon and their features and purpose. If it concerns autocannons or machine guns, write about different ammo belts and what is inside (which types of shells).'' -->
 +
 
 +
{{:{{PAGENAME}}/Ammunition|152 mm HE Dirompente, 152 mm APHE Perforante, 152 mm APHE Perforante da 152/45-50}}
  
 
=== Comparison with analogues ===
 
=== Comparison with analogues ===
−
''Give a comparative description of cannons/machine guns that have firepower equal to this weapon.''
+
<!-- ''Give a comparative description of cannons/machine guns that have firepower equal to this weapon.'' -->
 +
==== HE ====
 +
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
 +
|-
 +
! colspan="2" rowspan="2" |Cannon
 +
! rowspan="2" |{{Annotation|Sample Ship|Targeting speed and Sustained rate of fire depend on a specific mount, therefore a representative ship is taken as a sample}}
 +
! rowspan="2" |Ammo
 +
! rowspan="2" |Calibre<br>(mm)
 +
! rowspan="2" |Muzzle Velocity<br>(m/s)
 +
! rowspan="2" |Sustained rate of fire<br>(rounds/min)
 +
! colspan="2" |Targeting speed<br>(°/s)
 +
! rowspan="2" |TNT Equivalent<br>(kg)
 +
! colspan="2" |Penetration<br>@ 0° Angle of Attack (mm)
 +
|-
 +
!Horizontal!!Vertical!!5,000 m!!10,000 m
 +
|-
 +
| [[File:Kingdom Italy flag.png|link=|25x25px]]
 +
| '''152 mm/45 Schneider model 1911'''
 +
| [[RN Andrea Doria]]
 +
| HE || 152 || 830 || 3.5 || 2 || 3 || 5.4 || 44 || 44
 +
|-
 +
|[[File:Germany flag.png|link=|25x25px]]
 +
| [[150 mm/45 SK L/45 (150 mm)|150 mm/45 SK L/45]]
 +
| [[SMS Kaiser]]
 +
| HE || 150 || 835 || 7 || 4.2 || 4.2 || 1.6 || 21 || 21
 +
|-
 +
|[[File:USSR flag.png|link=|25x25px]]
 +
| [[130 mm/50 pattern 1913 (130 mm)|130 mm/50 pattern 1913]]
 +
| [[Imperatritsa Mariya]]
 +
| HE || 130 || 823 || 8 || 3.4 || 3.4 || 3.9 || 37 || 37
 +
|-
 +
|[[File:Japan flag.png|link=|25x25px]]
 +
| [[6-inch/45 Type 41 (152 mm)|6-inch/45 Type 41]]
 +
| [[IJN Settsu]]
 +
|| HE || 152 || 825 || 5 || 4.2 || 4.2 || 5.28 || 43 || 43
 +
|-
 +
|[[File:France flag.png|link=|25x25px]]
 +
| [[138.6 mm/55 model 1910 (138.6 mm)]]
 +
| [[Paris]]
 +
|| HE || 138.6 || 840 || 6 || 4.2 || 4.2 || 3.1 || 36 || 36
 +
|-
 +
|}
 +
 
 +
==== SAP / AP ====
 +
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
 +
|-
 +
! colspan="2" rowspan="2" |Cannon
 +
! rowspan="2" |{{Annotation|Sample Ship|Targeting speed and Sustained rate of fire depend on a specific mount, therefore a representative ship is taken as a sample}}
 +
! rowspan="2" |Ammo
 +
! rowspan="2" |Calibre<br>(mm)
 +
! rowspan="2" |Muzzle Velocity<br>(m/s)
 +
! rowspan="2" |Sustained rate of fire<br>(rounds/min)
 +
! colspan="2" |Targeting speed<br>(°/s)
 +
! rowspan="2" |TNT Equivalent<br>(kg)
 +
! colspan="2" |Penetration<br>@ 0° Angle of Attack (mm)
 +
|-
 +
!Horizontal!!Vertical!!5,000 m!!10,000 m
 +
|-
 +
| [[File:Kingdom Italy flag.png|link=|25x25px]]
 +
| '''152 mm/45 Schneider model 1911'''
 +
| [[RN Andrea Doria]]
 +
| AP || 152 || 830 || 3.5 || 2 || 3 || 2.62 || 120 || 70
 +
|-
 +
| [[File:Kingdom Italy flag.png|link=|25x25px]]
 +
| '''152 mm/45 Schneider model 1911'''
 +
| [[RN Andrea Doria]]
 +
| AP da 152/45-50 || 152 || 830 || 3.5 || 2 || 3 || 3.1 || 120 || 69
 +
|-
 +
| [[File:Kingdom Italy flag.png|link=|25x25px]]
 +
| [[120 mm/50 Armstrong model 1909 (120 mm)|120 mm/50 Armstrong model 1909]]
 +
| [[RN Dante Alighieri]]
 +
| SAP || 120 || 850 || 6 || 7.7 || 6.4 || 2.2 || 61 || 31
 +
|-
 +
|[[File:USA flag.png|link=|25x25px]]
 +
| [[5-inch/50 Mk.5 (127 mm)|5-inch/50 Mk.5]]
 +
| [[USS North Dakota]]
 +
| SAP || 127 || 914 || 7 || 8.5 || 10 || 0.78 || 70 || 42
 +
|-
 +
|[[File:USA flag.png|link=|25x25px]]
 +
| [[5-inch/50 Mk.5 (127 mm)|5-inch/50 Mk.5]]
 +
| [[USS North Dakota]]
 +
| AP || 127 || 914 || 7 || 8.5 || 10 || 0.77 || 116 || 69
 +
|-
 +
|[[File:Germany flag.png|link=|25x25px]]
 +
| [[150 mm/45 SK L/45 (150 mm)|150 mm/45 SK L/45]]
 +
| [[SMS Kaiser]]
 +
| SAP || 150 || 835 || 7 || 4.2 || 4.2 || 1.05 || 61 || 37
 +
|-
 +
|[[File:Germany flag.png|link=|25x25px]]
 +
| [[150 mm/45 SK L/45 (150 mm)|150 mm/45 SK L/45]]
 +
| [[SMS Kaiser]]
 +
| AP || 150 || 835 || 7 || 4.2 || 4.2 || 0.99 || 153 || 93
 +
|-
 +
|[[File:USSR flag.png|link=|25x25px]]
 +
| [[130 mm/50 pattern 1913 (130 mm)|130 mm/50 pattern 1913]]
 +
| [[Imperatritsa Mariya]]
 +
| SAP || 130 || 823 || 8 || 3.4 || 3.4 || 1.67 || 115 || 71
 +
|-
 +
|[[File:Japan flag.png|link=|25x25px]]
 +
| [[6-inch/45 Type 41 (152 mm)|6-inch/45 Type 41]]
 +
| [[IJN Settsu]]
 +
|| AP || 152 || 825 || 5 || 4.2 || 4.2 || 1.88 || 123 || 74
 +
|-
 +
|[[File:France flag.png|link=|25x25px]]
 +
| [[138.6 mm/55 model 1910 (138.6 mm)|138.6 mm/55 model 1910]]
 +
| [[Paris]]
 +
|| SAP Mle 1910 || 138.6 || 830 || 6 || 4.2 || 4.2 || 2.93 || 34 || 34
 +
|-
 +
|[[File:France flag.png|link=|25x25px]]
 +
| [[138.6 mm/55 model 1910 (138.6 mm)|138.6 mm/55 model 1910]]
 +
| [[Paris]]
 +
|| SAP Mle 1921 || 138.6 || 790 || 6 || 4.2 || 4.2 || 2.93 || 47 || 34
 +
|-
 +
|}
  
 
== Usage in battles ==
 
== Usage in battles ==
−
''Describe the cannon/machine gun in the game - its distinctive features, tactics of usage against notable opponents. Please don't write a "guide" - do not impose a single point of view, but give the reader food for thought.''
+
<!-- ''Describe the cannon/machine gun in the game - its distinctive features, tactics of usage against notable opponents. Please don't write a "guide" - do not impose a single point of view, but give the reader food for thought.'' -->
 +
For a secondary casemate gun, the 152 mm/45 Schneider model 1911 is a relatively good performer. While the rate of fire leaves a lot to be desired, one can fire a two full broadsides while the main guns are reloading, allowing one to efficiently deal with lighter targets, such as the destroyers or cruisers. It's ill-advised to use these guns against most of the coastal vessels - while historically this was one of the primary reasons for their existence, in reality it's best to leave these targets for the anti-air guns that have a much better rate of fire.
 +
[[File:Andrea Doria firing 152 mm 45 broadside.jpg|thumb|[[RN Andrea Doria]] firing broadside with its secondaries]]
  
 
=== Pros and cons ===
 
=== Pros and cons ===
−
''Summarise and briefly evaluate the weaponry in terms of its characteristics and combat effectiveness. Mark pros and cons as a list.''
+
<!-- ''Summarise and briefly evaluate the weaponry in terms of its characteristics and combat effectiveness. Mark pros and cons as a list.'' -->
  
 
'''Pros:'''
 
'''Pros:'''
  
−
*
+
* Excellent explosive filler
 +
* Very good penetration of the AP shells
  
 
'''Cons:'''
 
'''Cons:'''
  
−
*
+
* Low rate of fire
 +
* Poor targeting speed
 +
* Low muzzle velocity
  
 
== History ==
 
== History ==
−
The Dreadnought arms race of the early 20th century led Italy on staying competitive. When designing their ships, they not only looked east to Austria-Hungary but also west to France as, despite nominal alliances, both nations were regional powers in the Mediterranean where the ''Regio Marina'' (Royal Italian Navy) operated. The [[RN Andrea Doria|''Andrea Doria''<nowiki />-class]] dreadnoughts, ordered in response to the French ''Bretagne''<nowiki />-class were more or less similar in design to the earlier ''Conte di Cavour''<nowiki />-class dreadnoughts, but one of the significant changes of the design was upgrading the secondary armament to the 152 mm cannon. The 152 mm/45 Schneider model 1911 was adopted from France the same year with license production soon beginning in Ansaldo. These are the guns that would be used to arm ''RN Andrea Doria'' and her sister ship ''RN Duilio''.
+
<!--''Examine the history of the creation and combat usage of the weapon in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the weapon and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Weapon-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>.''-->
 +
 
 +
The Dreadnought arms race of the early 20th century led Italy on staying competitive. When designing their ships, they not only looked east to Austria-Hungary but also west to France as, despite nominal alliances, both nations were regional powers in the Mediterranean where the Regia Marina (Royal Italian Navy) operated. The [[RN Andrea Doria|''Andrea Doria'']]-class dreadnoughts, ordered in response to the French ''Bretagne'' class, were more or less similar in design to the earlier ''Conte di Cavour''-class dreadnoughts, but one of the significant changes of the design was upgrading the secondary armament to the 152 mm cannon. The 152 mm/45 Schneider model 1911 was adopted from France the same year with Ansaldo soon beginning licensed production. These are the guns that would be used to arm RN ''Andrea Doria'' and her sister ship RN ''Duilio''.
  
−
In service, the guns rarely saw actual combat which is likely a blessing in disguise. Being positioned on the sides of the hull underneath the [[305 mm/46 Vickers model 1909 (305 mm)|12-inch Vickers model 1909]] main gun battery, the guns tended to get wet in heavy seas, particularly the rear guns. Both ''Andrea Doria''<nowiki />-class dreadnoughts sat out most of World War I, mostly patrolling the southern Adriatic Sea while waiting for a decisive engagement with the Austro-Hungarian Navy that never happened. After the war ''RN Andrea Doria'' saw some action participating in the bombardment of the Greek Island Corfu in 1923 after the murder of an Italian General and his two aides who were attempting to mediate a border dispute between Greece and Albania. Her sister ship ''Duilio'' also participated in this 1923 bombardment along with supporting the White Russians in the Black Sea in June and July of 1919. In 1937, the dreadnoughts went through a modernization program where the 152 mm guns were replaced with 135mm guns in response to their ineffectiveness. When the following ''Franceso Caracciolo''<nowiki />-class dreadnoughts were canceled thanks to the outbreak of World War I putting new capital ships on the backburner in favor of large numbers of smaller craft like destroyers, the ''Andrea Doria''<nowiki />-class became the only class of ships completed with these guns. The next class of battleships Italy built, under the restrictions of the 1922 Washington Naval Treaty was the ''Littorio''<nowiki />-class and was armed with more modern 152 mm guns from the final series of [[Condottieri-class|''Condottieri''<nowiki />-class]] light cruisers.  
+
In service, the guns rarely saw actual combat which was likely a blessing in disguise. Being positioned on the sides of the hull underneath the [[305 mm/46 Vickers model 1909 (305 mm)|12-inch Vickers model 1909]] main gun battery, the guns tended to get wet in heavy seas, particularly the rear guns. Both ''Andrea Doria''-class dreadnoughts sat out most of World War I, mostly patrolling the southern Adriatic Sea while waiting for a decisive engagement with the Austro-Hungarian Navy that never happened. After the war, RN ''Andrea Doria'' saw some action participating in the bombardment of the Greek island of Corfu in 1923 after the murder of an Italian general and his two aides who were attempting to mediate a border dispute between Greece and Albania. Her sister ship ''Duilio'' also participated in this 1923 bombardment along with supporting the White Russians in the Black Sea in June and July of 1919. In 1937, the dreadnoughts went through a modernization program where the 152 mm guns were replaced with 135 mm guns in response to their ineffectiveness. When the following ''Franceso Caracciolo''-class dreadnoughts were canceled thanks to the outbreak of World War I putting new capital ships on the backburner in favour of large numbers of smaller craft like destroyers, the ''Andrea Doria''-class became the only class of ships completed with these guns. The next class of battleships Italy built, under the restrictions of the 1922 Washington Naval Treaty, was the ''Littorio'' class and was armed with more modern 152 mm guns from the final series of [[Condottieri (Family)|''Condottieri''-class]] light cruisers.
  
−
Alongside their role as naval guns, the 152 mm/45 was used as coastal defense guns and even siege artillery. When the modernization programs removed the 152 mm/45 guns from the ''Andrea Doria''<nowiki />-class, the guns were reused in these roles. The coastal defense guns would serve through both world wars in ''Regio Marina''. The use of these guns as siege artillery came from the pressing need for such weapons in the ''Regio Esercito'' (Royal Italian Army) fighting on the Alpine Front. Surplus barrels were mounted on a standard box trail carriage with a large open section to allow the breech to recoil. 53 guns were still in service in Northern Italy in 1943. After the signing of the Italian Armistice in 1943, some guns ended in German service where they designated 15.2 K 411 (i).
+
Alongside their role as naval guns, the 152 mm/45 was used as coastal defense guns and even siege artillery. When the modernization programs removed the 152 mm/45 guns from the ''Andrea Doria''-class, the guns were reused in these roles. The coastal defense guns would serve through both world wars in the Regia Marina. The use of these guns as siege artillery came from the pressing need for such weapons in the Regio Esercito (Royal Italian Army) fighting on the Alpine Front. Surplus barrels were mounted on a standard box trail carriage with a large open section to allow the breech to recoil. 53 guns were still in service in Northern Italy in 1943. After the signing of the Italian Armistice in 1943, some guns ended up in German service where they were designated 15.2 K 411 (i).
  
 
== Media ==
 
== Media ==
Line 41: Line 168:
  
 
== See also ==
 
== See also ==
−
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''
+
<!-- ''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''
  
 
* ''reference to the article about the variant of the cannon/machine gun;''
 
* ''reference to the article about the variant of the cannon/machine gun;''
−
* ''references to approximate analogues by other nations and research trees.''
+
* ''references to approximate analogues by other nations and research trees.'' -->
 +
* [[120 mm/50 Armstrong model 1909 (120 mm)|120 mm/50 Armstrong model 1909]] earlier secondary gun used on [[RN Dante Alighieri]]
 +
* [[152/53 mm Ansaldo mod.1926 (152 mm)|152/53 mm Ansaldo model 1926]] another Italian 152 mm gun, used on early cruisers
 +
* [[152/53 mm O.T.O. Mod.1929 (152 mm)|152/53 mm O.T.O. model 1929]] third Italian 152 mm gun, also used on cruisers
 +
* [[135 mm/45 O.T.O. Mod. 1937 (135 mm)|135 mm/45 O.T.O. Mod. 1937]] successor to the secondary guns used on Italian battleships
  
 
== External links ==
 
== External links ==
−
''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''
+
<!-- ''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''
  
 
* ''topic on the official game forum;''
 
* ''topic on the official game forum;''
−
* ''other literature.''
+
* ''other literature.'' -->
 +
* [[wikipedia:Cannone da 152/45|[Wikipedia] Cannone da 152/45]]
  
 
{{Italy naval cannons}}
 
{{Italy naval cannons}}
  
 
[[Category:Naval cannons]]
 
[[Category:Naval cannons]]

Latest revision as of 11:39, 21 November 2024

Stern port battery of 152 mm/45 Schneider model 1911 on RN Andrea Doria

Description

152 mm/45 Schneider model 1911 is an Italian casemate secondary gun. Typically, for a gun designed before the First World War it struggles with rate of fire, muzzle velocity and targeting speed. But it holds a really good explosive filler. Historically, the gun was adopted from France and lacked any significant successes in combat.

Vehicles equipped with this weapon

General info

Typically, for dreadnoughts of the era, the 152 mm/45 is a casemate gun, with an extremely limited angles of fire, in particular vertical guidance, which tops at 16°. This is due to the fact that the designers expected to fight battles at a much closer ranges than during the World War Two, as the primitive fire directors struggled with distant targets. Still, in game the gun can reach targets at over 12 kilometers range, making it suitable for any typical engagement. The large explosive filler of the shells gives it significant burst damage, but the low rate of fire makes it possible to fire only two broadsides while the main guns are reloading.

Available ammunition

Penetration statistics
Ammunition Type of
warhead 		Penetration @ 0° Angle of Attack (mm)
1,000 m 2,500 m 5,000 m 7,500 m 10,000 m 15,000 m
HE Dirompente HE 44 44 44 44 44 44
APHE Perforante APHE 199 164 120 90 70 55
APHE Perforante da 152/45-50 APHE 198 164 120 90 69 55
Shell details
Ammunition Type of
warhead 		Velocity
(m/s) 		Projectile
mass (kg) 		Fuse delay
(s) 		Fuse sensitivity
(mm) 		Explosive mass
(TNT equivalent) (kg) 		Ricochet
0% 50% 100%
HE Dirompente HE 830 46.3 0 0.1 5.4 79° 80° 81°
APHE Perforante APHE 830 47.1 0.03 7 2.62 47° 60° 65°
APHE Perforante da 152/45-50 APHE 830 47 0.03 7 3.1 47° 60° 65°

Comparison with analogues

HE

Cannon Sample Ship Ammo Calibre
(mm) 		Muzzle Velocity
(m/s) 		Sustained rate of fire
(rounds/min) 		Targeting speed
(°/s) 		TNT Equivalent
(kg) 		Penetration
@ 0° Angle of Attack (mm)
Horizontal Vertical 5,000 m 10,000 m
Kingdom Italy flag.png 152 mm/45 Schneider model 1911 RN Andrea Doria HE 152 830 3.5 2 3 5.4 44 44
Germany flag.png 150 mm/45 SK L/45 SMS Kaiser HE 150 835 7 4.2 4.2 1.6 21 21
USSR flag.png 130 mm/50 pattern 1913 Imperatritsa Mariya HE 130 823 8 3.4 3.4 3.9 37 37
Japan flag.png 6-inch/45 Type 41 IJN Settsu HE 152 825 5 4.2 4.2 5.28 43 43
France flag.png 138.6 mm/55 model 1910 (138.6 mm) Paris HE 138.6 840 6 4.2 4.2 3.1 36 36

SAP / AP

Cannon Sample Ship Ammo Calibre
(mm) 		Muzzle Velocity
(m/s) 		Sustained rate of fire
(rounds/min) 		Targeting speed
(°/s) 		TNT Equivalent
(kg) 		Penetration
@ 0° Angle of Attack (mm)
Horizontal Vertical 5,000 m 10,000 m
Kingdom Italy flag.png 152 mm/45 Schneider model 1911 RN Andrea Doria AP 152 830 3.5 2 3 2.62 120 70
Kingdom Italy flag.png 152 mm/45 Schneider model 1911 RN Andrea Doria AP da 152/45-50 152 830 3.5 2 3 3.1 120 69
Kingdom Italy flag.png 120 mm/50 Armstrong model 1909 RN Dante Alighieri SAP 120 850 6 7.7 6.4 2.2 61 31
USA flag.png 5-inch/50 Mk.5 USS North Dakota SAP 127 914 7 8.5 10 0.78 70 42
USA flag.png 5-inch/50 Mk.5 USS North Dakota AP 127 914 7 8.5 10 0.77 116 69
Germany flag.png 150 mm/45 SK L/45 SMS Kaiser SAP 150 835 7 4.2 4.2 1.05 61 37
Germany flag.png 150 mm/45 SK L/45 SMS Kaiser AP 150 835 7 4.2 4.2 0.99 153 93
USSR flag.png 130 mm/50 pattern 1913 Imperatritsa Mariya SAP 130 823 8 3.4 3.4 1.67 115 71
Japan flag.png 6-inch/45 Type 41 IJN Settsu AP 152 825 5 4.2 4.2 1.88 123 74
France flag.png 138.6 mm/55 model 1910 Paris SAP Mle 1910 138.6 830 6 4.2 4.2 2.93 34 34
France flag.png 138.6 mm/55 model 1910 Paris SAP Mle 1921 138.6 790 6 4.2 4.2 2.93 47 34

Usage in battles

For a secondary casemate gun, the 152 mm/45 Schneider model 1911 is a relatively good performer. While the rate of fire leaves a lot to be desired, one can fire a two full broadsides while the main guns are reloading, allowing one to efficiently deal with lighter targets, such as the destroyers or cruisers. It's ill-advised to use these guns against most of the coastal vessels - while historically this was one of the primary reasons for their existence, in reality it's best to leave these targets for the anti-air guns that have a much better rate of fire.

RN Andrea Doria firing broadside with its secondaries

Pros and cons

Pros:

  • Excellent explosive filler
  • Very good penetration of the AP shells

Cons:

  • Low rate of fire
  • Poor targeting speed
  • Low muzzle velocity

History

The Dreadnought arms race of the early 20th century led Italy on staying competitive. When designing their ships, they not only looked east to Austria-Hungary but also west to France as, despite nominal alliances, both nations were regional powers in the Mediterranean where the Regia Marina (Royal Italian Navy) operated. The Andrea Doria-class dreadnoughts, ordered in response to the French Bretagne class, were more or less similar in design to the earlier Conte di Cavour-class dreadnoughts, but one of the significant changes of the design was upgrading the secondary armament to the 152 mm cannon. The 152 mm/45 Schneider model 1911 was adopted from France the same year with Ansaldo soon beginning licensed production. These are the guns that would be used to arm RN Andrea Doria and her sister ship RN Duilio.

In service, the guns rarely saw actual combat which was likely a blessing in disguise. Being positioned on the sides of the hull underneath the 12-inch Vickers model 1909 main gun battery, the guns tended to get wet in heavy seas, particularly the rear guns. Both Andrea Doria-class dreadnoughts sat out most of World War I, mostly patrolling the southern Adriatic Sea while waiting for a decisive engagement with the Austro-Hungarian Navy that never happened. After the war, RN Andrea Doria saw some action participating in the bombardment of the Greek island of Corfu in 1923 after the murder of an Italian general and his two aides who were attempting to mediate a border dispute between Greece and Albania. Her sister ship Duilio also participated in this 1923 bombardment along with supporting the White Russians in the Black Sea in June and July of 1919. In 1937, the dreadnoughts went through a modernization program where the 152 mm guns were replaced with 135 mm guns in response to their ineffectiveness. When the following Franceso Caracciolo-class dreadnoughts were canceled thanks to the outbreak of World War I putting new capital ships on the backburner in favour of large numbers of smaller craft like destroyers, the Andrea Doria-class became the only class of ships completed with these guns. The next class of battleships Italy built, under the restrictions of the 1922 Washington Naval Treaty, was the Littorio class and was armed with more modern 152 mm guns from the final series of Condottieri-class light cruisers.

Alongside their role as naval guns, the 152 mm/45 was used as coastal defense guns and even siege artillery. When the modernization programs removed the 152 mm/45 guns from the Andrea Doria-class, the guns were reused in these roles. The coastal defense guns would serve through both world wars in the Regia Marina. The use of these guns as siege artillery came from the pressing need for such weapons in the Regio Esercito (Royal Italian Army) fighting on the Alpine Front. Surplus barrels were mounted on a standard box trail carriage with a large open section to allow the breech to recoil. 53 guns were still in service in Northern Italy in 1943. After the signing of the Italian Armistice in 1943, some guns ended up in German service where they were designated 15.2 K 411 (i).

Media

Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.

See also

External links


Italy naval cannons
20 mm  20 mm/65 Breda · 20 mm/70 Oerlikon 3S · 20 mm/70 Scotti-Isotta Fraschini mod.1939
37 mm  37 mm/54 Breda Mod.32 · 37 mm/54 Breda Mod.38 · 37 mm/54 Breda Mod.39
40 mm  40 mm/39 Vickers-Terni mod.1915/1917 · 40 mm/39 Vickers-Terni mod.1915/1917, Modif.1930 · 40 mm/70 Breda-Bofors type 107
65 mm  65 mm/64 Ansaldo-Terni Mod.1939
76 mm  76 mm/40 Armstrong mod.1897/1910 · 76 mm/40 Armstrong mod.1897/1912 · 76 mm/40 Ansaldo mod.1917 · 76 mm/45 Schneider mod.1911 · 76 mm/50 Vickers mod.1909 · 76 mm/62 OTO-Melara Compact · 76-mm/62 SMP 3
90 mm  90 mm/50 Ansaldo model 1939
100 mm  100 mm/47 O.T.O. Mod. 1928 · 100 mm/47 O.T.O. Mod. 1937
120 mm  120 mm/45 Canet-Schneider-Armstrong mod.1918-19 · 120 mm/50 Armstrong model 1909 · 120 mm/45 O.T.O. Mod. 1926 · 120 mm/50 Ansaldo mod.1926 · 120 mm/50 O.T.O. Mod.1936
135 mm  135 mm/45 O.T.O. Mod. 1937
152 mm  152 mm/45 Schneider mod.1911 · 152/53 mm Ansaldo mod.1926 · 152/53 mm O.T.O. Mod.1929
203 mm  203 mm/50 Ansaldo mod.1924 · 203 mm/53 Ansaldo mod.1927
305 mm  305 mm/46 Armstrong model 1909 · 305 mm/46 Vickers model 1909
320 mm  320 mm/44 OTO model 1934 · 320 mm/44 Ansaldo model 1936
  Foreign:
20 mm  2 cm/65 Flakvierling 38 (Germany) · 20 mm/70 Oerlikon Mk.II (USA)
40 mm  Bofors L/60 Mark 1 (USA) · Bofors L/60 Mark 3 (USA)
76 mm  76 mm/50 Mk.33 (USA)
127 mm  127 mm/38 Mk.12 (USA)

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