Difference between revisions of "Browning-Colt Mk12 Mod 0 (20 mm)"

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m (Available ammunition copied from the page about the other version (both use the same belts) + added some descriptions)
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== Description ==
 
== Description ==
−
<!--''Write an introduction to the article in 2-3 small paragraphs. Briefly tell us about the history of the development and combat using the weaponry and also about its features. Compile a list of air, ground, or naval vehicles that feature this weapon system in the game.''-->
+
<!-- ''Write an introduction to the article in 2-3 small paragraphs. Briefly tell us about the history of the development and combat using the weaponry and also about its features. Compile a list of air, ground, or naval vehicles that feature this weapon system in the game.'' -->
  
−
The Browning Colt Mk12 is a 20mm autocannon was used by the United States Navy in many naval fighters and attack aircraft from the 1950s.
+
The Browning Colt Mk12 is a 20 mm autocannon used by the United States Navy in many naval fighters and attack aircraft from the 1950s.
 
It was a further development of the Hispano HS 404 cannon that had been on many British, French and some American planes.
 
It was a further development of the Hispano HS 404 cannon that had been on many British, French and some American planes.
−
Its both rate of fire and muzzle velocity are quite high, making it easy to shot down the high speed targets.
+
Both its rate of fire and muzzle velocity are high, making it easy to shoot down high speed targets.
  
 
=== Vehicles equipped with this weapon ===
 
=== Vehicles equipped with this weapon ===
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* {{Specs-Link|a_4b}}
 
* {{Specs-Link|a_4b}}
 +
* {{Specs-Link|a_4e_early}}
 
* {{Specs-Link|f11f_1_late}}
 
* {{Specs-Link|f11f_1_late}}
 +
* {{Specs-Link|f4d_1}}
  
 
== General info ==
 
== General info ==
−
<!--''Tell us about the tactical and technical characteristics of the cannon or machine gun.''-->
+
<!-- ''Tell us about the tactical and technical characteristics of the cannon or machine gun.'' -->
−
The cannon is capable of firing up to 1,000 rounds per minute, the shell velocity of all types is 1020 m/s and the one second burst mass is 1,825 kg.
+
The cannon is capable of firing up to 1,000 rounds per minute, the shell velocity of all types is 1020 m/s and the one second burst mass is 1,825 kg. The explosive mass of HE shells is 14 g, enough to cause a significant amount of damage to a wing with the single hit. Its accuracy it quite good, however it has two times higher shell spread than for example the M3 Browning machine gun.
−
The explosive mass of HE shells is 14 grams, enough to cause a significant amount of damage to a wing with the single hit.
 
−
Its accuracy it quite good, however it has two times higher shell spread than for example the M3 Browning machine gun.
 
  
 
=== Available ammunition ===
 
=== Available ammunition ===
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The Mk 12 cannon fires 20 x 110 mm USN ammunition, which was developed from the 20 x 110 mm Hispano-Suiza ammunition used by the AN/M2 and AN/M3 cannons.
 
The Mk 12 cannon fires 20 x 110 mm USN ammunition, which was developed from the 20 x 110 mm Hispano-Suiza ammunition used by the AN/M2 and AN/M3 cannons.
  
−
The Mk 12 Mod 3 cannon can be equipped with the following belts:
+
The Mk 12 Mod 0 cannon can be equipped with the following belts:
  
 
* '''Default:''' {{Annotation|AP-T|Armour-piercing tracer}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEI|High-explosive incendiary}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEI|High-explosive incendiary}}
 
* '''Default:''' {{Annotation|AP-T|Armour-piercing tracer}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEI|High-explosive incendiary}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEI|High-explosive incendiary}}
 +
 
: These are comprised of Mk 106 HEI and Mk 108 AP-T rounds and are the stock belts that come with the cannon.
 
: These are comprised of Mk 106 HEI and Mk 108 AP-T rounds and are the stock belts that come with the cannon.
  
 
* '''Universal:''' {{Annotation|AP-T|Armour-piercing tracer}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEI|High-explosive incendiary}}
 
* '''Universal:''' {{Annotation|AP-T|Armour-piercing tracer}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEI|High-explosive incendiary}}
−
: These general-purpose belts are made up of the same HEI and AP-T rounds as the default belts.
+
 
 +
: These general-purpose belt is made up half HEI rounds and half AP-T rounds.
  
 
* '''Ground targets:''' {{Annotation|AP-T|Armour-piercing tracer}}{{-}}{{Annotation|AP-T|Armour-piercing tracer}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEI|High-explosive incendiary}}{{-}}{{Annotation|AP-I|Armour-piercing incendiary}}
 
* '''Ground targets:''' {{Annotation|AP-T|Armour-piercing tracer}}{{-}}{{Annotation|AP-T|Armour-piercing tracer}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEI|High-explosive incendiary}}{{-}}{{Annotation|AP-I|Armour-piercing incendiary}}
−
: Intended to be used against armoured ground targets, these boast a belt made up almost entirely of armour piercing ammunition. It features Mk 106 HEI, Mk 107 AP-I, and Mk 108 AP-T rounds.
+
 
 +
: Intended to be used against armoured ground targets, this belt is made up almost entirely of armour-piercing ammunition. It features Mk 106 HEI, Mk 107 AP-I, and Mk 108 AP-T rounds.
  
 
* '''Air targets:''' {{Annotation|AP-T|Armour-piercing tracer}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEI|High-explosive incendiary}}{{-}}{{Annotation|AP-I|Armour-piercing incendiary}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEI|High-explosive incendiary}}
 
* '''Air targets:''' {{Annotation|AP-T|Armour-piercing tracer}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEI|High-explosive incendiary}}{{-}}{{Annotation|AP-I|Armour-piercing incendiary}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEI|High-explosive incendiary}}
−
: These belts are arranged in much the same way as the Universal belts. However, every fourth round is now a Mk 107 AP-I round.
+
 
 +
: This belt is arranged in much the same way as the Universal belts. However, every fourth round is now a Mk 107 AP-I round.
  
 
* '''Stealth:''' {{Annotation|AP-I|Armour-piercing incendiary}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEI|High-explosive incendiary}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEI|High-explosive incendiary}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEI|High-explosive incendiary}}
 
* '''Stealth:''' {{Annotation|AP-I|Armour-piercing incendiary}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEI|High-explosive incendiary}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEI|High-explosive incendiary}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEI|High-explosive incendiary}}
−
: These belts contain the most HEI rounds of any available for the Mk 12, with Mk 106 HEI and Mk 107 AP-I rounds.
+
 
 +
: This belt contains the most HEI rounds of any available for the Mk 12, with Mk 106 HEI and Mk 107 AP-I rounds.
  
 
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
 
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
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|-
 
|-
 
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Belt
 
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Belt
−
! colspan="6" | '''Penetration @ 0° Angle of Attack (mm)'''
+
! colspan="6" | Penetration @ 0° Angle of Attack (mm)
 
|-
 
|-
 
! 10 m !! 100 m !! 500 m !! 1,000 m !! 1,500 m !! 2,000 m
 
! 10 m !! 100 m !! 500 m !! 1,000 m !! 1,500 m !! 2,000 m
 
|-
 
|-
−
| Default || 33 || 31 || 27 || 24 || 19 || 14
+
| Default || 42 || 39 || 27 || 18 || 11 || 7
 
|-
 
|-
−
| Universal || 33 || 31 || 27 || 24 || 19 || 14
+
| Universal || 42 || 39 || 27 || 18 || 11 || 7
 
|-
 
|-
−
| Ground targets || 36 || 33 || 27 || 24 || 19 || 14
+
| Ground targets || 42 || 39 || 27 || 18 || 11 || 7
 
|-
 
|-
−
| Air targets || 36 || 33 || 27 || 24 || 19 || 14
+
| Air targets || 42 || 39 || 27 || 18 || 11 || 7
 
|-
 
|-
−
| Stealth || 36 || 33 || 27 || 22 || 17 || 14
+
| Stealth || 42 || 39 || 27 || 18 || 11 || 7
 
|-
 
|-
 
|}
 
|}
−
 
  
 
=== Comparison with analogues ===
 
=== Comparison with analogues ===
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=== Pros and cons ===
 
=== Pros and cons ===
−
<!--''Summarise and briefly evaluate the weaponry in terms of its characteristics and combat effectiveness. Mark pros and cons as a list.''-->
+
<!-- ''Summarise and briefly evaluate the weaponry in terms of its characteristics and combat effectiveness. Mark pros and cons as a list.'' -->
  
 
'''Pros:'''
 
'''Pros:'''
−
* High rate-of-fire
+
 
 +
* High rate of fire
 
* Good at intercepting high speed targets due to high muzzle velocity
 
* Good at intercepting high speed targets due to high muzzle velocity
−
* Does not have jamming issues
+
* Rarely jams
  
 
'''Cons:'''
 
'''Cons:'''
−
* Low amount of ammo per gun
+
 
 +
* Low amount of ammunition per gun
 +
* Inaccurate when fired in long bursts
  
 
== History ==
 
== History ==
−
''Examine the history of the creation and combat usage of the weapon in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the weapon and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Weapon-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>.''
+
<!-- ''Examine the history of the creation and combat usage of the weapon in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the weapon and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Weapon-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>.'' -->
 +
The Browning-Colt Mk 12 is a variant of the [[Hispano 404 (20 mm)|Hispano 404]] series of automatic cannons. Developed in the 1950s, it uses the same basic design as the preceding [[M24A1 (20 mm)|M24A1]], but this new design for the United States Navy and Marine Corps uses a lighter projectile for a better rate of fire and higher muzzle velocity. The Mk 12 Mod 0, the base model, came about after experience from the Korean War showed that the .50 calibre machine guns such as the [[M3 Browning (12.7 mm)|M3 Browning]] was an insufficient armament for fighter jets. The Mk 12 was used on the [[F3H-2|F3H-2 Demon]], [[F4D-1|F4D-1 Skyray]], [[A-4 (Family)|A-4 Skyhawk]], early versions of the A-7 Corsair II, [[F11F-1]] Tigers and most notably on the Vought [[F-8 (Family)|F-8 Crusader]] which was dubbed the "last of the gunfighters" as the United States Armed Forces planned to move away completely from autocannons or guns in favour of missiles. The Mk 12 did not have an illustrious career on the F-8. Despite the nickname, the Mk 12 was prone to jamming during dog-fighting manoeuvres resulted in only four confirmed victories with the Mk 12 on the F-8. Internationally, it was used by Argentina, Australia, Brazil, France, Kuwait, Malaysia, New Zealand, the Philippines, and Portugal who were all international customers of the A-4 Skyhawk, A-7 Corsair II, and F-8 Crusader. As of 2013, it is still in service with the Skyhawks of the Brazilian Navy and Argentinean Air Force.
  
 
== Media ==
 
== Media ==
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* ''reference to the article about the variant of the cannon/machine gun;''
 
* ''reference to the article about the variant of the cannon/machine gun;''
 
* ''references to approximate analogues by other nations and research trees.'' -->
 
* ''references to approximate analogues by other nations and research trees.'' -->
 +
 
* [[AN/M3 (20 mm)]]
 
* [[AN/M3 (20 mm)]]
 
* [[Hispano Mk.V (20 mm)]]
 
* [[Hispano Mk.V (20 mm)]]
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<!-- ''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''
 
<!-- ''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''
 
* ''topic on the official game forum;''
 
* ''topic on the official game forum;''
−
* ''encyclopedia page on the weapon;''
 
 
* ''other literature.'' -->
 
* ''other literature.'' -->
 +
 
* [https://drive.google.com/file/d/1Qadku999lrNkKvifuJ4MzeMlKQ8EBf4G/view?usp=sharing NAVWEPS OP 1866 - 20-mm Aircraft Gun Mark 12 Mods 0, 2, and 3; Description, Operation and Maintenance (PDF - Download required for view!)]
 
* [https://drive.google.com/file/d/1Qadku999lrNkKvifuJ4MzeMlKQ8EBf4G/view?usp=sharing NAVWEPS OP 1866 - 20-mm Aircraft Gun Mark 12 Mods 0, 2, and 3; Description, Operation and Maintenance (PDF - Download required for view!)]
−
* The following documents also contain information about the Mk 12 cannon, as well as other types -
+
 
−
** [https://drive.google.com/file/d/1Sc_aDGyOn3RnR8EsqQkzg6AGAQZAW0Xp/view?usp=sharing MIL-STD-637A - Machine and Automatic Guns and Machinegun Trainers Through 30-mm (PDF)]
+
The following documents also contain information about the Mk 12 cannon, as well as other types:
−
** [http://bulletpicker.com/pdf/OP%202215,%20Navy%20Gun%20Type%20Ammunition%20(1972).pdf NAVORD OP 2215 - Navy Gun Type Ammunition (PDF)]
+
 
−
** [http://bulletpicker.com/pdf/DST-1160G-514-81-VOL2,%20Small%20Caliber%20ID%20Guide%20(20mm%20to%2040mm).pdf Small-Caliber Ammunition Identification Guide, Volume 2 - 20-mm to 40-mm Cartridges (PDF)]
+
* [https://drive.google.com/file/d/1Sc_aDGyOn3RnR8EsqQkzg6AGAQZAW0Xp/view?usp=sharing MIL-STD-637A - Machine and Automatic Guns and Machinegun Trainers Through 30-mm (PDF)]
 +
* [http://bulletpicker.com/pdf/OP%202215,%20Navy%20Gun%20Type%20Ammunition%20(1972).pdf NAVORD OP 2215 - Navy Gun Type Ammunition (PDF)]
 +
* [http://bulletpicker.com/pdf/DST-1160G-514-81-VOL2,%20Small%20Caliber%20ID%20Guide%20(20mm%20to%2040mm).pdf Small-Caliber Ammunition Identification Guide, Volume 2 - 20-mm to 40-mm Cartridges (PDF)]
  
 
{{USA aircraft cannons}}
 
{{USA aircraft cannons}}
  
 
[[Category:Aircraft cannons]]
 
[[Category:Aircraft cannons]]

Latest revision as of 09:26, 23 September 2022

Description

The Browning Colt Mk12 is a 20 mm autocannon used by the United States Navy in many naval fighters and attack aircraft from the 1950s. It was a further development of the Hispano HS 404 cannon that had been on many British, French and some American planes. Both its rate of fire and muzzle velocity are high, making it easy to shoot down high speed targets.

Vehicles equipped with this weapon

General info

The cannon is capable of firing up to 1,000 rounds per minute, the shell velocity of all types is 1020 m/s and the one second burst mass is 1,825 kg. The explosive mass of HE shells is 14 g, enough to cause a significant amount of damage to a wing with the single hit. Its accuracy it quite good, however it has two times higher shell spread than for example the M3 Browning machine gun.

Available ammunition

The Mk 12 cannon fires 20 x 110 mm USN ammunition, which was developed from the 20 x 110 mm Hispano-Suiza ammunition used by the AN/M2 and AN/M3 cannons.

The Mk 12 Mod 0 cannon can be equipped with the following belts:

  • Default: AP-T · HEI · HEI
These are comprised of Mk 106 HEI and Mk 108 AP-T rounds and are the stock belts that come with the cannon.
  • Universal: AP-T · HEI
These general-purpose belt is made up half HEI rounds and half AP-T rounds.
  • Ground targets: AP-T · AP-T · HEI · AP-I
Intended to be used against armoured ground targets, this belt is made up almost entirely of armour-piercing ammunition. It features Mk 106 HEI, Mk 107 AP-I, and Mk 108 AP-T rounds.
  • Air targets: AP-T · HEI · AP-I · HEI
This belt is arranged in much the same way as the Universal belts. However, every fourth round is now a Mk 107 AP-I round.
  • Stealth: AP-I · HEI · HEI · HEI
This belt contains the most HEI rounds of any available for the Mk 12, with Mk 106 HEI and Mk 107 AP-I rounds.
Penetration statistics
Belt Penetration @ 0° Angle of Attack (mm)
10 m 100 m 500 m 1,000 m 1,500 m 2,000 m
Default 42 39 27 18 11 7
Universal 42 39 27 18 11 7
Ground targets 42 39 27 18 11 7
Air targets 42 39 27 18 11 7
Stealth 42 39 27 18 11 7

Comparison with analogues

Give a comparative description of cannons/machine guns that have firepower equal to this weapon.

Usage in battles

Describe the cannon/machine gun in the game - its distinctive features, tactics of usage against notable opponents. Please don't write a "guide" - do not impose a single point of view, but give the reader food for thought.

Pros and cons

Pros:

  • High rate of fire
  • Good at intercepting high speed targets due to high muzzle velocity
  • Rarely jams

Cons:

  • Low amount of ammunition per gun
  • Inaccurate when fired in long bursts

History

The Browning-Colt Mk 12 is a variant of the Hispano 404 series of automatic cannons. Developed in the 1950s, it uses the same basic design as the preceding M24A1, but this new design for the United States Navy and Marine Corps uses a lighter projectile for a better rate of fire and higher muzzle velocity. The Mk 12 Mod 0, the base model, came about after experience from the Korean War showed that the .50 calibre machine guns such as the M3 Browning was an insufficient armament for fighter jets. The Mk 12 was used on the F3H-2 Demon, F4D-1 Skyray, A-4 Skyhawk, early versions of the A-7 Corsair II, F11F-1 Tigers and most notably on the Vought F-8 Crusader which was dubbed the "last of the gunfighters" as the United States Armed Forces planned to move away completely from autocannons or guns in favour of missiles. The Mk 12 did not have an illustrious career on the F-8. Despite the nickname, the Mk 12 was prone to jamming during dog-fighting manoeuvres resulted in only four confirmed victories with the Mk 12 on the F-8. Internationally, it was used by Argentina, Australia, Brazil, France, Kuwait, Malaysia, New Zealand, the Philippines, and Portugal who were all international customers of the A-4 Skyhawk, A-7 Corsair II, and F-8 Crusader. As of 2013, it is still in service with the Skyhawks of the Brazilian Navy and Argentinean Air Force.

Media

Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.

See also

External links

The following documents also contain information about the Mk 12 cannon, as well as other types:


USA aircraft cannons
20 mm  AN/M2 · Browning-Colt Mk12 Mod 0 · Browning-Colt Mk12 Mod 3 · FMC T-160
  M3 · M24A1 · M39 · M39A1 · M39A2 · M39A3 · M61A1 · M195 · M197 · Mk 11 · Mk 11 mod 5 · T31
30 mm  M230E-1 · XM140 · GAU-8/A · GAU-13/A · LR30
37 mm  M4 · M9 · M10
40 mm  M75 · M129
75 mm  M10 · T13E1
  Foreign:
20 mm  Hispano 404 (France) · Hispano Mk.II (Britain) · MG 151 (Germany) · Type 99 Model 1 (Japan)
30 mm  ADEN Mk.4 (Britain)

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