Difference between revisions of "M197 (20 mm)"

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(Added a history for the weapon)
(→‎Vehicles equipped with this weapon: , →‎Available ammunition: Updated)
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<!-- ''List out vehicles that are equipped with the weapon.'' -->
 
<!-- ''List out vehicles that are equipped with the weapon.'' -->
  
−
* {{Specs-Link|a_129_cbt}}
 
 
* {{Specs-Link|ah_1f}}
 
* {{Specs-Link|ah_1f}}
 
* {{Specs-Link|ah_1f_iaf}}
 
* {{Specs-Link|ah_1f_iaf}}
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== General info ==
 
== General info ==
 
<!-- ''Tell us about the tactical and technical characteristics of the cannon or machine gun.'' -->
 
<!-- ''Tell us about the tactical and technical characteristics of the cannon or machine gun.'' -->
−
The M197 is a light weight M61 Vulcan toned down with only 3 barrels (as opposed to 6) and shooting at 750 rpm (vs 6,000 rpm) to reduce the recoil strain on platforms utilising the weapon.
+
The M197 is a lightweight M61 Vulcan toned down with only 3 barrels (as opposed to 6) and shooting at 750 rpm (vs 6,000 rpm) to reduce the recoil strain on platforms utilising the weapon.
  
 
=== Available ammunition ===
 
=== Available ammunition ===
 
<!-- ''Describe the shells that are available for the weapon and their features and purpose. If it concerns autocannons or machine guns, write about different ammo belts and what is inside (which types of shells).'' -->
 
<!-- ''Describe the shells that are available for the weapon and their features and purpose. If it concerns autocannons or machine guns, write about different ammo belts and what is inside (which types of shells).'' -->
  
−
* '''Default:''' {{Annotation|P|Practice}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEF-I|High-explosive fragmentation incendiary}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEF-I|High-explosive fragmentation incendiary}}{{-}}{{Annotation|API-T|Armour-piercing incendiary tracer}}{{-}}{{Annotation|AP-I|Armour-piercing incendiary}}
+
* '''Default:''' {{Annotation|HEI-T*|High-explosive incendiary tracer (self-destroying)}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEF-I|High-explosive fragmentation incendiary}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEF-I|High-explosive fragmentation incendiary}}{{-}}{{Annotation|AP-I|Armour-piercing incendiary}}
−
* '''Universal:''' {{Annotation|HEF-I|High-explosive fragmentation incendiary}}{{-}}{{Annotation|API-T|Armour-piercing incendiary tracer}}{{-}}{{Annotation|AP-I|Armour-piercing incendiary}}
+
* '''Universal:''' {{Annotation|HEI-T*|High-explosive incendiary tracer (self-destroying)}}{{-}}{{Annotation|AP-I|Armour-piercing incendiary}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEF-I|High-explosive fragmentation incendiary}}{{-}}{{Annotation|AP-I|Armour-piercing incendiary}}
−
* '''Air targets:''' {{Annotation|HEF-I|High-explosive fragmentation incendiary}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEF-I|High-explosive fragmentation incendiary}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEF-I|High-explosive fragmentation incendiary}}{{-}}{{Annotation|API-T|Armour-piercing incendiary tracer}}{{-}}{{Annotation|AP-I|Armour-piercing incendiary}}
+
* '''Air targets:''' {{Annotation|HEI-T*|High-explosive incendiary tracer (self-destroying)}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEF-I|High-explosive fragmentation incendiary}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEF-I|High-explosive fragmentation incendiary}}{{-}}{{Annotation|AP-I|Armour-piercing incendiary}}
−
* '''Armored targets:''' {{Annotation|API-T|Armour-piercing incendiary tracer}}{{-}}{{Annotation|AP-I|Armour-piercing incendiary}}{{-}}{{Annotation|AP-I|Armour-piercing incendiary}}
+
* '''Armored targets:''' {{Annotation|HEI-T*|High-explosive incendiary tracer (self-destroying)}}{{-}}{{Annotation|AP-I|Armour-piercing incendiary}}{{-}}{{Annotation|AP-I|Armour-piercing incendiary}}{{-}}{{Annotation|AP-I|Armour-piercing incendiary}}
 
* '''Stealth:''' {{Annotation|HEF-I|High-explosive fragmentation incendiary}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEF-I|High-explosive fragmentation incendiary}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEF-I|High-explosive fragmentation incendiary}}{{-}}{{Annotation|AP-I|Armour-piercing incendiary}}
 
* '''Stealth:''' {{Annotation|HEF-I|High-explosive fragmentation incendiary}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEF-I|High-explosive fragmentation incendiary}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEF-I|High-explosive fragmentation incendiary}}{{-}}{{Annotation|AP-I|Armour-piercing incendiary}}
  
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! 10 m !! 100 m !! 500 m !! 1,000 m !! 1,500 m !! 2,000 m
 
! 10 m !! 100 m !! 500 m !! 1,000 m !! 1,500 m !! 2,000 m
 
|-
 
|-
−
| P || 15 || 13 || 10 || 8 || 7 || 6
+
| HEI-T* || 4 || 4 || 4 || 4 || 4 || 4
−
|-
 
−
| API-T || 53 || 50 || 39 || 28 || 20 || 14
 
 
|-
 
|-
 
| HEF-I || 2 || 2 || 2 || 2 || 2 || 2
 
| HEF-I || 2 || 2 || 2 || 2 || 2 || 2
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! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
 
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
 
! rowspan="2" | Velocity<br>(m/s)
 
! rowspan="2" | Velocity<br>(m/s)
−
! rowspan="2" | Projectile<br>Mass (kg)
+
! rowspan="2" | Projectile<br>mass (kg)
 
! rowspan="2" | Fuse delay<br>(m)
 
! rowspan="2" | Fuse delay<br>(m)
 
! rowspan="2" | Fuse sensitivity<br>(mm)
 
! rowspan="2" | Fuse sensitivity<br>(mm)
−
! rowspan="2" | Explosive Mass<br>(TNT equivalent) (g)
+
! rowspan="2" | Explosive mass<br>(TNT equivalent) (g)
 
! colspan="3" | Ricochet
 
! colspan="3" | Ricochet
 
|-
 
|-
 
! 0% !! 50% !! 100%
 
! 0% !! 50% !! 100%
 
|-
 
|-
−
| P || 1,030 || 0.1 || N/A || N/A || N/A || 47° || 56° || 65°
+
| HEI-T* || 1,030 || 0.1 || 0.2 || 0 || 119.2 || 79° || 80° || 81°
−
|-
 
−
| API-T || 1,030 || 0.15 || N/A || N/A || N/A || 47° || 60° || 65°
 
 
|-
 
|-
 
| HEF-I || 1,030 || 0.15 || 0.2 || 0.1 || 16 || 79° || 80° || 81°
 
| HEF-I || 1,030 || 0.15 || 0.2 || 0.1 || 16 || 79° || 80° || 81°
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== History ==
 
== History ==
−
In late 1967, The United States Army noticed from combat experience in Vietnam that the [[M134 Minigun (7.62 mm)|M134 Minigun]] was inadequate for use on their gunships such as the [[AH-1G|AH-1G Cobra]]. To increase the effective firepower of the Cobra, the US Army mounted a variant of the [[M61 (20 mm)|M61 Vulcan]] cannon used on Air Force fighter aircraft, but with a lower rate of fire to reduce recoil and modifications to prevent the muzzle blast from damaging any internal components. The resulting variant of the Vulcan was the [[M195 (20 mm)|M195]] cannon which was mounted as part of the M35 Helicopter Armament Subsystem on the wings of the AH-1G Cobra. However, the M195 still generated significant recoil for the Cobra so a new cannon with a similar rate of fire, but only three barrels mounted under the nose was developed receiving the designation M197. The M197 became standard armament for Cobra series starting with [[AH-1S]] Cobra in the M97 Armament system and continues to serve to the latest variant, the [[AH-1Z|AH-1Z Zulu Cobra]]. The M197 also was developed into the GPU-2/A gun pod which contains the cannon, 300 rounds of ammunition, and a Ni-Cad rechargeable battery to serve as a independent power supply. This gun pod was used on the both Marine Crops OV-10 Bronco and the Air Force A-37 Dragonfly fixed wing attack aircraft.
+
<!-- ''Examine the history of the creation and combat usage of the weapon in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the weapon and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Weapon-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>.'' -->
 +
In late 1967, the United States Army noticed from combat experience in Vietnam that the [[M134 Minigun (7.62 mm)|M134 Minigun]] was inadequate for use on their gunships such as the [[AH-1G|AH-1G Cobra]]. To increase the effective firepower of the Cobra, the US Army mounted a variant of the [[M61 (20 mm)|M61 Vulcan]] cannon used on Air Force fighter aircraft, but with a lower rate of fire to reduce recoil and modifications to prevent the muzzle blast from damaging any internal components. The resulting variant of the Vulcan was the [[M195 (20 mm)|M195]] cannon which was mounted as part of the M35 Helicopter Armament Subsystem on the wings of the AH-1G Cobra. However, the M195 still generated significant recoil for the Cobra so a new cannon with a similar rate of fire, but only three barrels was developed, receiving the designation M197. The M197 became standard armament for Cobra series starting with [[AH-1S]] Cobra in the M97 Armament system and continues to serve to the latest variant, the [[AH-1Z|AH-1Z Zulu Cobra]]. The M197 also was developed into the GPU-2/A gun pod which contains the cannon, 300 rounds of ammunition, and a Ni-Cad rechargeable battery to serve as a independent power supply. This gun pod was used on the both Marine Crops OV-10 Bronco and the Air Force A-37 Dragonfly fixed wing attack aircraft.
  
 
== Media ==
 
== Media ==
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{{USA aircraft cannons}}
 
{{USA aircraft cannons}}
 
{{Japan aircraft cannons}}
 
{{Japan aircraft cannons}}
−
{{Italy aircraft cannons}}
 
 
{{Israel aircraft cannons}}
 
{{Israel aircraft cannons}}
  
 
[[Category:Aircraft cannons]]
 
[[Category:Aircraft cannons]]

Revision as of 09:56, 17 September 2022

Description

Write an introduction to the article in 2-3 small paragraphs. Briefly tell us about the history of the development and combat using the weaponry and also about its features. Compile a list of air, ground, or naval vehicles that feature this weapon system in the game.

Vehicles equipped with this weapon

General info

The M197 is a lightweight M61 Vulcan toned down with only 3 barrels (as opposed to 6) and shooting at 750 rpm (vs 6,000 rpm) to reduce the recoil strain on platforms utilising the weapon.

Available ammunition

  • Default: HEI-T* · HEF-I · HEF-I · AP-I
  • Universal: HEI-T* · AP-I · HEF-I · AP-I
  • Air targets: HEI-T* · HEF-I · HEF-I · AP-I
  • Armored targets: HEI-T* · AP-I · AP-I · AP-I
  • Stealth: HEF-I · HEF-I · HEF-I · AP-I
Penetration statistics
Belt Penetration @ 0° Angle of Attack (mm)
10 m 100 m 500 m 1,000 m 1,500 m 2,000 m
Default 53 50 39 28 20 14
Universal 53 50 39 28 20 14
Air targets 53 50 39 28 20 14
Armored targets 53 50 39 28 20 14
Stealth 53 50 39 28 20 14
Penetration statistics
Ammunition Penetration @ 0° Angle of Attack (mm)
10 m 100 m 500 m 1,000 m 1,500 m 2,000 m
HEI-T* 4 4 4 4 4 4
HEF-I 2 2 2 2 2 2
AP-I 53 50 39 28 20 14
Shell details
Ammunition Velocity
(m/s) 		Projectile
mass (kg) 		Fuse delay
(m) 		Fuse sensitivity
(mm) 		Explosive mass
(TNT equivalent) (g) 		Ricochet
0% 50% 100%
HEI-T* 1,030 0.1 0.2 0 119.2 79° 80° 81°
HEF-I 1,030 0.15 0.2 0.1 16 79° 80° 81°
AP-I 1,030 0.15 N/A N/A N/A 47° 56° 65°

Comparison with analogues

Give a comparative description of cannons/machine guns that have firepower equal to this weapon.

Usage in battles

Describe the cannon/machine gun in the game - its distinctive features, tactics of usage against notable opponents. Please don't write a "guide" - do not impose a single point of view, but give the reader food for thought.

Pros and cons

Pros:

  • Armoured targets belt can penetrate most MBTs from the top
  • High ammunition count (750 rounds)

Cons:

  • Gun overheats quickly

History

In late 1967, the United States Army noticed from combat experience in Vietnam that the M134 Minigun was inadequate for use on their gunships such as the AH-1G Cobra. To increase the effective firepower of the Cobra, the US Army mounted a variant of the M61 Vulcan cannon used on Air Force fighter aircraft, but with a lower rate of fire to reduce recoil and modifications to prevent the muzzle blast from damaging any internal components. The resulting variant of the Vulcan was the M195 cannon which was mounted as part of the M35 Helicopter Armament Subsystem on the wings of the AH-1G Cobra. However, the M195 still generated significant recoil for the Cobra so a new cannon with a similar rate of fire, but only three barrels was developed, receiving the designation M197. The M197 became standard armament for Cobra series starting with AH-1S Cobra in the M97 Armament system and continues to serve to the latest variant, the AH-1Z Zulu Cobra. The M197 also was developed into the GPU-2/A gun pod which contains the cannon, 300 rounds of ammunition, and a Ni-Cad rechargeable battery to serve as a independent power supply. This gun pod was used on the both Marine Crops OV-10 Bronco and the Air Force A-37 Dragonfly fixed wing attack aircraft.

Media

Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.

See also

Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:

  • reference to the article about the variant of the cannon/machine gun;
  • references to approximate analogues by other nations and research trees.

External links

Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:

  • topic on the official game forum;
  • other literature.


USA aircraft cannons
20 mm  AN/M2 · Browning-Colt Mk12 Mod 0 · Browning-Colt Mk12 Mod 3 · FMC T-160
  M3 · M24A1 · M39 · M39A1 · M39A2 · M39A3 · M61A1 · M195 · M197 · Mk 11 · Mk 11 mod 5 · T31
30 mm  M230E-1 · XM140 · GAU-8/A · GAU-13/A · LR30
37 mm  M4 · M9 · M10
40 mm  M75 · M129
75 mm  M10 · T13E1
  Foreign:
20 mm  Hispano 404 (France) · Hispano Mk.II (Britain) · MG 151 (Germany) · Type 99 Model 1 (Japan)
30 mm  ADEN Mk.4 (Britain)

Japan aircraft cannons
20 mm  Ho-1 · Ho-3 · Ho-5 · Type 99 Model 1 · Type 99 Model 2
30 mm  Ho-155 · Type 5
37 mm  Ho-203 · Ho-204 · Type 94
40 mm  Ho-301
57 mm  Ho-401
75 mm  Type 88
  Foreign:
20 mm  M39A3 (USA) · M61A1 (USA) · M197 (USA) · MG FF (Germany) · MG FF/M (Germany) · MG 151 (Germany)
30 mm  GAU-13/A (USA) · M230E-1 (USA)

Israel aircraft cannons
20 mm  GIAT M.621 (France) · Hispano Mk.II (Britain) · Hispano Mk.V (Britain) · M50 (France) · M61A1 (USA) · M195 (USA) · M197 (USA) · MG 151 (Germany) · Mk 11 mod 5 (USA)
30 mm  DEFA 551 (France) · DEFA 552 (France) · DEFA 552A (France) · DEFA 553 (France) · M230E-1 (USA)
40 mm  M129 (USA)

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