Difference between revisions of "SA18 L/21 (37 mm)"

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== Historical part ==
 
== Historical part ==
 
''Examine the history of the creation and combat usage of this weapon. If the historical reference turns out to be big one, take it into a separate article and add a link to it by using the "main" template. In the end be sure to include references to sources.''
 
''Examine the history of the creation and combat usage of this weapon. If the historical reference turns out to be big one, take it into a separate article and add a link to it by using the "main" template. In the end be sure to include references to sources.''
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The 37 mm Puteaux SA18 cannon started life as a development of the ''Canon de 37 mm à tir rapide Modèle 1916'' (SA16), a small but powerful, portable infantry support gun designed by Eugène François Gilbert Garnier (1874-1964) on the instigation of the generals Jezan Estienne and Ferdinand Foch.  The original purpose of the SA16 was a light gun capable of demolishing pillboxes and gunner nests, with a high rate of fire.  Due to its intended use, range was not considered a priority on the gun's design: the result was a relatively small and light weapon, with a very high accuracy.  When operated by an experienced crew, the gun could fire up to 15 shots per minute, although it had a practical firing rate of 10 shots per minute under normal circumstances.  Despite its relative small size, the original infantry gun would be operated by a crew of 8, consisting of commander, aimer, gunner, four ammunition handlers and one armorer.
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With the advent of the first tanks, a variant of the SA16 was developped which could be operated by a single crew member.  This gun, the SA189, was technically similar to the SA16 and capable of firing the same ammunition.  Crucially though, the gun was never intended as an anti-tank weapon: its primary goal remained that of infantry support gun tasked with destroying enemy machine gun emplacements, the only thing conceptually changing was the addition of a self-propelling function (i.e. the Renault FT-17 tank built around it, allowing it to autonomously move on the battlefield rather than being fired from a static postion).
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The end of the First World War more or less brought tank development to a halt in Europe.  In the absense of any concrete threat, and with French tank doctrine firmly based on experience during the First World War, the SA18 was seen as sufficient for the task of providing supporting fire for infantry against enemy troops and fixed gun emplacemenents.  Added to this, the reconstruction of France after the destruction of the First World War, and the world wide economic crisis which erupted at the end of the 1920s, combined with a general anti-war sentiment reigning in politics meant there were little funds available for the replacement of the SA18, and even when a new generation of tanks was developped at the beginning of the 1930s, these were armed by simply removing the SA18s from the Renault FTs they were supposed to replace and installing them on the new tanks.  As a result, this new generation of tanks, the [[H.35|Hotchkiss H.35]], [[FCM.36|Forges & Chantiers de la Méditerrannée FCM.36]] and the Renault R.35 entered production with the outdated gun, even though attempts were made to improve its capabilities by the development of new types of shell.  The ''Obus de rupture Modèle 1935'' APCR round offered a higher muzzle velocity than previous ammunition used on the gun, but as it was relatively light it could do little damage even when it penetrated.
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By this time, the SA18 was seen as an interim solution: the FCM.36, for instance, had been designed with the SA38 in mind, and it received the SA18 with the intention of having it replaced at later date with the SA38.  However, owning to a weak turret ring and other structural problems, this refit never came to be, and the FCM.36 entered battle in May of 1940 with a gun that was virtually incapable of penetrating any of the enemy armour it would oppose.
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Despite being completely obsolete by the outbreak of World War II, the SA18 and its infantry counterpart, the SA16, were still widely in service and saw combat with several armies, such as France, Belgium, Poland, Yugoslavia and Finland.
  
 
== Media ==
 
== Media ==

Revision as of 18:40, 5 November 2019

Description

Write an introduction to the article in 2-3 small paragraphs. Briefly tell us about the history of the development and combat using the weaponry and also about its features. Make an air or ground vehicles list on which this weapon is installed in our game.

Vehicles equipped with this weapon

General info

SA 18 penetration chart
SA 18 penetration chart

Available shells

Penetration statistics
Ammunition Type of 

warhead

Penetration in mm @ 0° Angle of Attack
10m 100m 500m 1000m 1500m 2000m
Mle1937 APCR 36 33 24 16 8 5
Mle1892 APHE 13 12 7 4 2 2
Shell details
Ammunition Type of 

warhead

Velocity 

in m/s

Projectile

Mass in kg

Fuse delay

in m:

Fuse sensitivity

in mm:

Explosive Mass in g

(TNT equivalent):

Normalization At 30° 

from horizontal:

Ricochet:
0% 50% 100%
Mle1937 APCR 600 0.5 N/A N/A N/A ° 66° 70° 72°
Mle1892 APHE 388 0.5 1.2 6.0 15 ° 47° 60° 65°

Comparison with analogues

Give a comparative description of cannons/machine guns, that have firepower equal to these type of weapons.

Usage in the battles

Describe the cannon/machine gun in the game - its distinctive features, tactics of usage against the main opponents. Please don't write a "guide" - do not impose a single point of view, but give the reader food for thought.

Pros and cons

Summarize and briefly evaluate the weaponry in terms of its characteristics and combat effectiveness. Mark pros and cons as a list.

Pros:

Cons:

Historical part

Examine the history of the creation and combat usage of this weapon. If the historical reference turns out to be big one, take it into a separate article and add a link to it by using the "main" template. In the end be sure to include references to sources.

The 37 mm Puteaux SA18 cannon started life as a development of the Canon de 37 mm à tir rapide Modèle 1916 (SA16), a small but powerful, portable infantry support gun designed by Eugène François Gilbert Garnier (1874-1964) on the instigation of the generals Jezan Estienne and Ferdinand Foch. The original purpose of the SA16 was a light gun capable of demolishing pillboxes and gunner nests, with a high rate of fire. Due to its intended use, range was not considered a priority on the gun's design: the result was a relatively small and light weapon, with a very high accuracy. When operated by an experienced crew, the gun could fire up to 15 shots per minute, although it had a practical firing rate of 10 shots per minute under normal circumstances. Despite its relative small size, the original infantry gun would be operated by a crew of 8, consisting of commander, aimer, gunner, four ammunition handlers and one armorer.

With the advent of the first tanks, a variant of the SA16 was developped which could be operated by a single crew member. This gun, the SA189, was technically similar to the SA16 and capable of firing the same ammunition. Crucially though, the gun was never intended as an anti-tank weapon: its primary goal remained that of infantry support gun tasked with destroying enemy machine gun emplacements, the only thing conceptually changing was the addition of a self-propelling function (i.e. the Renault FT-17 tank built around it, allowing it to autonomously move on the battlefield rather than being fired from a static postion).

The end of the First World War more or less brought tank development to a halt in Europe. In the absense of any concrete threat, and with French tank doctrine firmly based on experience during the First World War, the SA18 was seen as sufficient for the task of providing supporting fire for infantry against enemy troops and fixed gun emplacemenents. Added to this, the reconstruction of France after the destruction of the First World War, and the world wide economic crisis which erupted at the end of the 1920s, combined with a general anti-war sentiment reigning in politics meant there were little funds available for the replacement of the SA18, and even when a new generation of tanks was developped at the beginning of the 1930s, these were armed by simply removing the SA18s from the Renault FTs they were supposed to replace and installing them on the new tanks. As a result, this new generation of tanks, the Hotchkiss H.35, Forges & Chantiers de la Méditerrannée FCM.36 and the Renault R.35 entered production with the outdated gun, even though attempts were made to improve its capabilities by the development of new types of shell. The Obus de rupture Modèle 1935 APCR round offered a higher muzzle velocity than previous ammunition used on the gun, but as it was relatively light it could do little damage even when it penetrated.

By this time, the SA18 was seen as an interim solution: the FCM.36, for instance, had been designed with the SA38 in mind, and it received the SA18 with the intention of having it replaced at later date with the SA38. However, owning to a weak turret ring and other structural problems, this refit never came to be, and the FCM.36 entered battle in May of 1940 with a gun that was virtually incapable of penetrating any of the enemy armour it would oppose.

Despite being completely obsolete by the outbreak of World War II, the SA18 and its infantry counterpart, the SA16, were still widely in service and saw combat with several armies, such as France, Belgium, Poland, Yugoslavia and Finland.

Media

An excellent addition to the article would be a video guide, as well as screenshots from the game and photos.

Read also

Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example,

  • reference to the article about the variant of the cannon/machine gun;
  • references to approximate analogues by other nations and research trees.

ETC.

Sources

Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:

  • topic on the official game forum
  • page on the Wikipedia
  • page on aircraft or gorund forces encyclopedia
  • other literature


France tank cannons
20 mm  20F2
25 mm  SA35 L/72
37 mm  SA18 L/21 · SA38 L/33
47 mm  SA34 L/30 · SA35 L/32 · SA37
75 mm  APX · APX Canon de 75 mm modèle 1897 · SA35 L/17 · SA44 · SA49 · SA50 L/57
90 mm  D.911 APX · CN90 F2 · CN90 F3 · CN90 F4 · D915 · DEFA F1 · SA45 · SA47
100 mm  SA47 L/58
105 mm  CN-105-F1 · Giat 105 G2 · Modele F2 · PzK M57
120 mm  GIAT CN120-25 G1 · GIAT CN120-26 F1 · SA46
142 mm  ACRA
155 mm  GCT F1 · Schneider 155 C · L'Obusier de 155 Modèle 1950
  Foreign:
15 mm  MG 151 (Germany)
20 mm  MG 151 (Germany)
30 mm  Bushmaster 2 Mk.44 (USA)
37 mm  M6 (USA)
40 mm  Bofors L/60 · QF 2-pounder (Britain)
75 mm  KwK42 (Germany) · M3 (USA) · M6 (USA)
76 mm  M7 (USA)
90 mm  M3 (USA)
105 mm  M4 (USA)