305 mm/46 Vickers model 1909 (305 mm)

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Description

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Vehicles equipped with this weapon

General info

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Available ammunition

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Comparison with analogues

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Usage in battles

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Pros and cons

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History

The Regio Marina (Royal Italian Navy) was ahead of the curve to an extent when it came to warship design in the early 1900s. The idea of an all-big-gun-battleship that was codified with the launch of HMS Dreadnought as the new standard for battleship design was first proposed by Italian officer Vittorio Cuniberti in 1903, though the Regio Marina were hesitant to adopt this new design until 1909 when they laid down their dreadnought RN Dante Alighieri. Like the Royal Navy, the Italians decided to use 12-inch (305 mm) guns. The 305 mm/46 Vickers model 1909 was one of the two 12-inch guns used by the Regio Marina along with the 305 mm/46 Armstrong model 1909. While they were used by Regio Marina interchangeably on their dreadnoughts, the two designs were not compatible. The Vickers Mk. "G" was first purchased for the RN Andrea Doria before licensed production began at Vickers-Terni. These guns were used on the Conte di Cavour and Leonardo da Vinci. The Vickers model was a full wire wound with inner A, A, and B tubes along with the jackets and rings and the hydraulic mount weighed 62.5 tons. Like the Armstrong model, it used a Wellin breech block.

The three ships didn't see much service during World War I due to the Regio Maria's doctrine of keeping their battleships in reserve in the southern Adriatic Sea instead of engaging in combat in the more northern part that could be littered with enemy mines and submarines. The Leonardo da Vinci was the first ship to be lost suffering a magazine detonation in port at Taranto. After the war, the remaining two ships would have their guns bored out for 320mm (12.6-inch) guns. A few turrets were removed during this modernization and would see service in the coastal defense role during World War II.

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See also

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External links

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Italy naval cannons
20 mm  20 mm/65 Breda · 20 mm/70 Oerlikon 3S · 20 mm/70 Scotti-Isotta Fraschini mod.1939
37 mm  37 mm/54 Breda Mod.32 · 37 mm/54 Breda Mod.38 · 37 mm/54 Breda Mod.39
40 mm  40 mm/39 Vickers-Terni mod.1915/1917 · 40 mm/39 Vickers-Terni mod.1915/1917, Modif.1930 · 40 mm/70 Breda-Bofors type 107
65 mm  65 mm/64 Ansaldo-Terni Mod.1939
76 mm  76 mm/40 Armstrong mod.1897/1910 · 76 mm/40 Armstrong mod.1897/1912 · 76 mm/40 Ansaldo mod.1917 · 76 mm/45 Schneider mod.1911 · 76 mm/50 Vickers mod.1909 · 76 mm/62 OTO-Melara Compact · 76-mm/62 SMP 3
90 mm  90 mm/50 Ansaldo model 1939
100 mm  100 mm/47 O.T.O. Mod. 1928 · 100 mm/47 O.T.O. Mod. 1937
120 mm  120 mm/45 Canet-Schneider-Armstrong mod.1918-19 · 120 mm/50 Armstrong model 1909 · 120 mm/45 O.T.O. Mod. 1926 · 120 mm/50 Ansaldo mod.1926 · 120 mm/50 O.T.O. Mod.1936
135 mm  135 mm/45 O.T.O. Mod. 1937
152 mm  152 mm/45 Schneider mod.1911 · 152/53 mm Ansaldo mod.1926 · 152/53 mm O.T.O. Mod.1929
203 mm  203 mm/50 Ansaldo mod.1924 · 203 mm/53 Ansaldo mod.1927
305 mm  305 mm/46 Armstrong model 1909 · 305 mm/46 Vickers model 1909
320 mm  320 mm/44 OTO model 1934 · 320 mm/44 Ansaldo model 1936
  Foreign:
20 mm  2 cm/65 Flakvierling 38 (Germany) · 20 mm/70 Oerlikon Mk.II (USA)
40 mm  Bofors L/60 Mark 1 (USA) · Bofors L/60 Mark 3 (USA)
76 mm  76 mm/50 Mk.33 (USA)
127 mm  127 mm/38 Mk.12 (USA)

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