D-5T (85 mm)

Description

The 85 mm D-5 is a Soviet tank cannon. An anti-tank modification of the 85 mm 52-K anti-aircraft cannon, it was mounted to the chassis of the SU-122 and originally intended to be fitted into the turret of the T-34, before being replaced by the ZIS-S-53. The cannon was designated D-5T when mounted in tanks, while tank destroyer mounts were designated D-5S (Samokhodnaya: "self-propelled").

Vehicles equipped with this weapon

D-5T

• T-34-85 (D-5T)
• KV-85
• IS-1

D-5S

• SU-85
• SU-85A
• SU-85M

General info

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Available ammunition

Penetration statistics
Ammunition	Type of warhead	Penetration @ 0° Angle of Attack (mm)
		10 m	100 m	500 m	1,000 m	1,500 m	2,000 m
BR-365K	APHE	148	143	126	106	90	77
BR-365A	APHEBC	135	133	124	114	104	95
BR-365P	APCR	195	187	154	122	96	76
O-365K	HE	19	18	17	16	15	14

Shell details
Ammunition	Type of warhead	Velocity (m/s)	Projectile mass (kg)	Fuse delay (m)	Fuse sensitivity (mm)	Explosive mass (TNT equivalent) (g)	Ricochet
							0%	50%	100%
BR-365K	APHE	792	9.2	1.2	14	77	47°	60°	65°
BR-365A	APHEBC	792	9.2	1.2	14	164	48°	63°	71°
BR-365P	APCR	1,050	4.99	-	-	-	66°	70°	72°
O-365K	HE	785	9.54	0.2	0.1	741	79°	80°	81°

Comparison with analogues

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Usage in battles

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Pros and cons

Pros:

• The BR-365K APHE shell can take out early Panther tanks (VK, D, A) by ricocheting from the gun mantlet down into the thin top

Cons:

History

By 1942, the F-34 (76 mm) of the T-34 (1941) variant was found to be lacking in various fields, such as with penetration and range, especially when compared to the 75 mm anti-tank guns of the later Pz.IV (Family) variants and of the later StuG III (Family) variants. This inferiority was made especially noticeable when compared to the KwK36 (88 mm) anti-tank conversion of the original anti-air Flak.37 (88 mm), fitted onto the Tiger H1 and Tiger E tanks. Due to this predicament, military planners directed the design bureaus of General Vasily Grabin and Fyodor Petrov to modify the anti-air gun of the M1939 (52-K) for use as an anti-tank.

The Pretov bureau developed the D-5 85 mm gun from the original anti-air design. Initially, the gun was too large for the turrets of the T-34 (1941), but efforts were conducted to redesign the turret to accommodate the increased size of the new gun. On the other hand, with some modifications to the chassis of the SU-122, the gun was fitted into the tank-destroyer and was set int production. The modified tank would be renamed to the SU-85. Meanwhile, the Vasiliy Grabin was working on his own version of the anti-air gun, called the ZIS-S-53 (85 mm). After testing of both variants at the Gorokhoviesky Proving Grounds, Grabin's gun won the competition. Unfortunately, the T-34's new turret design could not fit the ZIS-S-53 (85 mm), only being able to accommodate the already-available D-5 design. Therefore, the T-34-85 (D-5T) went into production with the D-5 anti-tank gun, designated the D-5T. All models from 1944 onwards were fitted with the ZIS-S-53 (85 mm) gun, known as the T-34-85.

Media

Videos

Top 7 best rounds discusses the BR-365A at 4:13 - War Thunder Official Channel

See also

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• reference to the article about the variant of the cannon/machine gun;
• references to approximate analogues by other nations and research trees.

External links

[Wikipedia] 85 mm air defence gun M1939 (52-K)