Difference between revisions of "15 inch/42 BL Mark I (381 mm)"
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| − | == Description == | + | == Description == |
''Write an introduction to the article in 2-3 small paragraphs. Briefly tell us about the history of the development and combat using the weaponry and also about its features. Compile a list of air, ground, or naval vehicles that feature this weapon system in the game.'' | ''Write an introduction to the article in 2-3 small paragraphs. Briefly tell us about the history of the development and combat using the weaponry and also about its features. Compile a list of air, ground, or naval vehicles that feature this weapon system in the game.'' | ||
| Line 5: | Line 5: | ||
<!-- ''List out vehicles that are equipped with the weapon.'' --> | <!-- ''List out vehicles that are equipped with the weapon.'' --> | ||
| + | * {{Specs-Link|uk_battlecruiser_glorious}} | ||
| + | * {{Specs-Link|uk_battlecruiser_repulse}} | ||
| + | * {{Specs-Link|uk_battlecruiser_renown}} | ||
* {{Specs-Link|uk_battlecruiser_hood}} | * {{Specs-Link|uk_battlecruiser_hood}} | ||
| Line 11: | Line 14: | ||
=== Available ammunition === | === Available ammunition === | ||
| − | ''Describe the shells that are available for the weapon and their features and purpose. If it concerns autocannons or machine guns, write about different ammo belts and what is inside (which types of shells).'' | + | <!-- ''Describe the shells that are available for the weapon and their features and purpose. If it concerns autocannons or machine guns, write about different ammo belts and what is inside (which types of shells).'' --> |
| + | {{:{{PAGENAME}}/Ammunition|15 inch 4crh CPC, 15 inch 4crh Mark XIIa APC}} | ||
=== Comparison with analogues === | === Comparison with analogues === | ||
| Line 31: | Line 35: | ||
== History == | == History == | ||
| − | The 15-inch 42- | + | <!-- ''Examine the history of the creation and combat usage of the weapon in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the weapon and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Weapon-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>.'' --> |
| + | The 15-inch 42-calibre BL Mark I is not only the biggest gun ever built by Great Britain but also one of the longest-serving large-calibre weapons in any navy. Entering service in 1915 and only being retired in 1959, this cannon played a significant part in both World Wars. The story begins in January 1912 when Winston Churchill, then First Lord of the Admiralty, ordered the development of this type of weapon for the planned ''Queen Elizabeth''-class dreadnoughts under the designation "14-inch Experimental". While normally the adoption of a new gun calibre would set back ship design for years, not ideal for a nation trying to remain on top during an arms race, the design for the 15-inch BL Mark 1 was based on the existing [[13.5 inch/45 Mark 5(H) (343 mm)|13.5 inch/45 Mark 5]] gun that previously entered service. This decision allowed for quicker development and the rush during the arms race led to it being ordered without prototypes. | ||
| − | In order to cement their lead in the naval arms race, the Royal Navy followed the orders of the ''Queen Elizabeth'' | + | In order to cement their lead in the naval arms race, the Royal Navy followed the orders of the ''Queen Elizabeth'' class with the ''Revenge'' and ''Renown''-class dreadnoughts. When the ''Renown'' class were not ready in time when World War I began, they were canceled before being ordered again as battlecruisers finished in 1916. Seeking a need to shell targets across the English Channel after the war began, the Royal Navy ordered monitors that were with a single turret containing a twin-mount of the 15-inch BL Mark I design resulting in the ''Marshal Ney'', ''Roberts'' and ''Erebus''-class monitors. While the Royal Navy had a comfortable advantage in dreadnoughts against their counterparts in the Kaiserlichemarine (Imperial Germany Navy), the same could not be said about battlecruisers. In response, the ''Courageous''-class battlecruisers and [[HMS Hood|HMS ''Hood'']] were ordered, though the latter did not enter service until after the war. |
| − | While the BL Mark I 15-inch guns were first used to bombard Gallipoli | + | While the BL Mark I 15-inch guns were first used to bombard Gallipoli in 1915, they were more notable for their combat during the Battle of Jutland in 1916 where they out-ranged their contemporary German battlecruisers and set a record for long-range naval fire at 19,500 yards. By the 1930s however, the Royal Navy started to believe the guns were obsolete as the age of the ships using the guns were almost 20 years old and other nations had started catching up with more powerful guns. As the Washington Naval Treaty of 1922 put a 10-year suspension on building new battleships, the Royal Navy decided to modernize the designs increasing the elevation from 20 degrees to 30 degrees and adding new streamlined ballistic caps that had a range of 32,000 yards. However, the modernization was limited to the four ships and the HMS ''Vanguard'' which wasn't completed until after the war. The non-modernized ships were instead given supercharged ammunition that was as powerful as they could get without damaging the guns or mounting. The guns notably served on HMS ''Warspite'' during the Battle of Calabria in 1940 off the coast of Italy and recorded a 26,400-yard salvo against the Italian battleship RN ''Giulio Cesare''. Later the BL Mark I 15-inch guns on HMS ''Hood'', HMS ''Valiant'', and HMS ''Resolution'' were used to sink the majority of the French Navy (Marine Nationale) docked at Mers-el-Kibér, Algeria later that year to keep them out of German hands as part of Operation Catapult. The guns were also used in the coastal defense role with guns in two batteries in Singapore and two more guns near Wanstone Farm, Kent used for cross-Channel firing, which remained in service until 1959. |
== Media == | == Media == | ||
| Line 47: | Line 52: | ||
== External links == | == External links == | ||
| − | ''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:'' | + | <!-- ''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:'' |
| + | * ''topic on the official game forum;'' | ||
| + | * ''other literature.'' --> | ||
| − | * | + | * [[wikipedia:BL 15-inch Mk I naval gun|[Wikipedia] BL 15-inch Mk I naval gun]] |
| − | * | + | * [http://www.navweaps.com/Weapons/WNBR_15-42_mk1.php <nowiki>[NavWeaps]</nowiki> Britain 15"/42 (38.1 cm) Mark I] |
{{Britain naval cannons}} | {{Britain naval cannons}} | ||
[[Category:Naval cannons]] | [[Category:Naval cannons]] | ||
Latest revision as of 11:22, 21 November 2024
Contents
Description
Write an introduction to the article in 2-3 small paragraphs. Briefly tell us about the history of the development and combat using the weaponry and also about its features. Compile a list of air, ground, or naval vehicles that feature this weapon system in the game.
Vehicles equipped with this weapon
General info
Tell us about the tactical and technical characteristics of the cannon or machine gun.
Available ammunition
| Penetration statistics | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ammunition | Type of warhead |
Penetration @ 0° Angle of Attack (mm) | |||||
| 1,000 m | 2,500 m | 5,000 m | 7,500 m | 10,000 m | 15,000 m | ||
| 4crh CPC | SAPCBC | 487 | 462 | 427 | 399 | 377 | 345 |
| 4crh Mark XIIa APC | APCBC | 644 | 597 | 528 | 470 | 422 | 357 |
| Shell details | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ammunition | Type of warhead |
Velocity (m/s) |
Projectile mass (kg) |
Fuse delay (s) |
Fuse sensitivity (mm) |
Explosive mass (TNT equivalent) (kg) |
Ricochet | |||||
| 0% | 50% | 100% | ||||||||||
| 4crh CPC | SAPCBC | 752 | 871 | 0.035 | 26 | 58.6 | 48° | 63° | 71° | |||
| 4crh Mark XIIa APC | APCBC | 752 | 871 | 0.025 | 26 | 20.68 | 48° | 63° | 71° | |||
Comparison with analogues
Give a comparative description of cannons/machine guns that have firepower equal to this weapon.
Usage in battles
Describe the cannon/machine gun in the game - its distinctive features, tactics of usage against notable opponents. Please don't write a "guide" - do not impose a single point of view, but give the reader food for thought.
Pros and cons
Summarise and briefly evaluate the weaponry in terms of its characteristics and combat effectiveness. Mark pros and cons as a list.
Pros:
Cons:
History
The 15-inch 42-calibre BL Mark I is not only the biggest gun ever built by Great Britain but also one of the longest-serving large-calibre weapons in any navy. Entering service in 1915 and only being retired in 1959, this cannon played a significant part in both World Wars. The story begins in January 1912 when Winston Churchill, then First Lord of the Admiralty, ordered the development of this type of weapon for the planned Queen Elizabeth-class dreadnoughts under the designation "14-inch Experimental". While normally the adoption of a new gun calibre would set back ship design for years, not ideal for a nation trying to remain on top during an arms race, the design for the 15-inch BL Mark 1 was based on the existing 13.5 inch/45 Mark 5 gun that previously entered service. This decision allowed for quicker development and the rush during the arms race led to it being ordered without prototypes.
In order to cement their lead in the naval arms race, the Royal Navy followed the orders of the Queen Elizabeth class with the Revenge and Renown-class dreadnoughts. When the Renown class were not ready in time when World War I began, they were canceled before being ordered again as battlecruisers finished in 1916. Seeking a need to shell targets across the English Channel after the war began, the Royal Navy ordered monitors that were with a single turret containing a twin-mount of the 15-inch BL Mark I design resulting in the Marshal Ney, Roberts and Erebus-class monitors. While the Royal Navy had a comfortable advantage in dreadnoughts against their counterparts in the Kaiserlichemarine (Imperial Germany Navy), the same could not be said about battlecruisers. In response, the Courageous-class battlecruisers and HMS Hood were ordered, though the latter did not enter service until after the war.
While the BL Mark I 15-inch guns were first used to bombard Gallipoli in 1915, they were more notable for their combat during the Battle of Jutland in 1916 where they out-ranged their contemporary German battlecruisers and set a record for long-range naval fire at 19,500 yards. By the 1930s however, the Royal Navy started to believe the guns were obsolete as the age of the ships using the guns were almost 20 years old and other nations had started catching up with more powerful guns. As the Washington Naval Treaty of 1922 put a 10-year suspension on building new battleships, the Royal Navy decided to modernize the designs increasing the elevation from 20 degrees to 30 degrees and adding new streamlined ballistic caps that had a range of 32,000 yards. However, the modernization was limited to the four ships and the HMS Vanguard which wasn't completed until after the war. The non-modernized ships were instead given supercharged ammunition that was as powerful as they could get without damaging the guns or mounting. The guns notably served on HMS Warspite during the Battle of Calabria in 1940 off the coast of Italy and recorded a 26,400-yard salvo against the Italian battleship RN Giulio Cesare. Later the BL Mark I 15-inch guns on HMS Hood, HMS Valiant, and HMS Resolution were used to sink the majority of the French Navy (Marine Nationale) docked at Mers-el-Kibér, Algeria later that year to keep them out of German hands as part of Operation Catapult. The guns were also used in the coastal defense role with guns in two batteries in Singapore and two more guns near Wanstone Farm, Kent used for cross-Channel firing, which remained in service until 1959.
Media
Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.
See also
Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:
- reference to the article about the variant of the cannon/machine gun;
- references to approximate analogues by other nations and research trees.
External links
