Type 94
| This page is about the Japanese SPAA Type 94. For other uses, see Type 94 (Disambiguation). |
Contents
Description
The Isuzu Type 94 is an anti-air truck fitting a Type 98 (20 mm) on a Type 94 truck. This was done as a measure to get the easiest solution of motorizing anti-air to provide air cover for tank and infantry units alike, without having to develop a whole new vehicle for it. Having the gun already deployed on the back of the truck increases the response time of the vehicle rather than having the gun towed behind it. The wheels of the gun mount are mounted on the back of the cab in case it has to be dismounted from the truck.
It was introduced in Update 1.65 "Way of the Samurai" along with the initial Japanese Ground Forces tree. As with any truck AA, this vehicle is fragile and should not be taken near the frontline, even though it is potent as a frontline automatic anti-tank gun. As a truck chassis, with only 3 crew members, this vehicle has no survivability. Overall, the Type 94 is a gun platform. With 20 bullets, 45 mm of max penetration, a good traverse speed, and reload rate, this gun will shred planes and light targets alike. Plus, the same gun is mounted on the two next Japanese SPAAs, offering a good introduction to this main weapon.
General info
Survivability and armour
Armour type:
- Structural steel
- Wood
| Armour | Front | Sides | Rear | Roof |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Driver's cabin | 1 mm | 15 mm | 15 + 5 mm | N/A |
| Truck bed | N/A | N/A | N/A | 15 mm |
Notes:
- Wheels provide 2 mm thickness each.
- Gunner is extremely exposed, with the only meaningful armour being below the crew member.
Mobility
| Game Mode | Max Speed (km/h) | Weight (tons) | Engine power (horsepower) | Power-to-weight ratio (hp/ton) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Forward | Reverse | Stock | Upgraded | Stock | Upgraded | ||
| Arcade | 65 | 19 | 3.9 | 97 | 130 | 24.87 | 33.33 |
| Realistic | 60 | 18 | 60 | 68 | 15.38 | 17.44 | |
Modifications and economy
| Mobility | Protection | Firepower | ||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
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Armaments
Main armament
| 20 mm Type 98 | Turret rotation speed (°/s) | Reloading rate (seconds) | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mode | Capacity (Belt) | Fire rate | Vertical | Horizontal | Stabilizer | Stock | Upgraded | Full | Expert | Aced | Stock | Full | Expert | Aced |
| Arcade | 400 (20) | 300 | -9°/+82° | ±180° | N/A | 30.82 | 42.66 | 51.80 | 57.30 | 60.94 | 3.90 | 3.45 | 3.18 | 3.00 |
| Realistic | 20.82 | 24.50 | 29.75 | 32.90 | 35.00 | |||||||||
Ammunition
- Default: API-T · HEFI-T · HEFI-T
- Type 100 AP-T: API-T
- Type 100 HE-T: HEFI-T
| Penetration statistics | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ammunition | Penetration @ 0° Angle of Attack (mm) | ||||||
| 10 m | 100 m | 500 m | 1,000 m | 1,500 m | 2,000 m | ||
| HEFI-T | 6 | 5 | 4 | 3 | 2 | 2 | |
| API-T | 48 | 45 | 35 | 26 | 19 | 14 | |
| Shell details | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ammunition | Velocity (m/s) |
Projectile mass (kg) |
Fuse delay (m) |
Fuse sensitivity (mm) |
Explosive mass (TNT equivalent) (g) |
Ricochet | ||||||
| 0% | 50% | 100% | ||||||||||
| HEFI-T | 950 | 0.13 | 0.04 | 0.1 | 6 | 79° | 80° | 81° | ||||
| API-T | 928 | 0.16 | - | - | - | 47° | 60° | 65° | ||||
Ammo racks
| Full ammo |
1st rack empty |
Visual discrepancy |
|---|---|---|
| 20 | 1 (+19) | Yes |
Usage in battles
AA role:
Shooting at aircraft, you can make use of its manoeuvrability to evade enemy bombs or bullets. This is not a spectacular AA since its fire density is not so great, requiring every shot to be pinpoint on target to hit. Bring 5-6 full HE belts to take this role in case there is planes coming your way. Any good SPAA tactic works fine with the Type 94.
Light brawler:
Any aggressive player will be able to take this truck into a close quarter fight, even if it's not its recommended usage. Its fast speed and gun turning rate allows for intense action and multi-target engagement. In close quarter engagement, come in a reverse position in order to have the best gun arc and always anticipate an escape route. At this BR, 45 mm of penetration is more than enough to incapacitate most enemy tanks. But beware of its limited ammo count and always engage your target with a fully loaded magazine. It is recommended to spray the gunner first and then taking your time to snipe every other crew member. Whenever an artillery strike is coming your way, be it friendly or enemy, do not stand there for too long since a single shell can wreck this truck. One last warning: never engage heavy targets, instead: flee.
Pros and cons
Pros:
- 360° gun rotation and fast turret traverse
- Reasonably good penetration can be achieved with the 20 mm AP-T shells (45 mm)
- Truck platform gives good movement on road
- Cabin's back is 15 mm thick, which can block MG fire (if shot from the front, only the driver will die)
- Easy to tow
- Good ammo capacity
- Fast reload speed
- -9° of gun depression and 82° of elevation
Cons:
- 20 mm rate of fire is low
- Artillery strikes and air attacks can knock out this vehicle very easily
- Absolutely zero armour makes other vehicles able to destroy it by just spraying it with regular machine gun fire and killing the crewmen
- Can be killed by tank ramming
- Commander is standing near the gunner, which makes it very exposed to MG fire
- Can't shoot directly forward, needs to face ground targets side on
History
The Isuzu Type 94 truck is a Japanese designed truck which was specifically built for military use. Intended to replace civilian designs, it was originally developed in 1933 as part of an Imperial Japanese Army program to sponsor independent motor companies. Unlike its civilian predecessors, these trucks were designed from the outset to be used on rough terrain.
Isuzu's prototype of a 6x4 truck, known in-house as the Isuzu TU10, was first shown to the army in July of 1933. Not only did it have excellent off-road capabilities thanks to its high ground clearance, but it was also very easy to maintain and reliable in use. Originally the type was fitted with an upright 6 cylinder watercooled engine almost identical to that used on the Isuzu Type 93 six-wheeled civilian passenger car, but adapted for military use. It was capable of producing 43 hp at 1,500 rpm or a maximum of 68 hp at 2,800 rpm: this version was known as the Type 94 Ko. Later on in 1939 the DA40, a 6 cylinder diesel engine, was developed for this truck with similar power output but a lower fuel consumption: this version was known as the Type 94 Otsu.
Army trials of the TU10 prototype started in July of 1933, consisting of six different tests in diverse terrains and weather conditions, spread out between July of 1933 and July of 1934. Following the completion of these tests, the type was officially adopted for use by the Imperial Japanese Army as the Type 94. Standardised sets of plans were drawn up by the Army Engineering Headquarters, and full scale production of the Type 94 started in 1937.
The standard Type 94 truck was designed to be operated by a single driver, and could carry either up to 12 passengers - two in the cab, 10 in the cargo bay - or up to 1,300 kg of cargo. Over the course of its production, numerous variants were designed, including the TX40 gasoline-powered civilian 4x4 truck, the Type 97 military 4x4 truck based on the civilian TX40; the TX50 diesel-powered version of the TX40, the TX80 and TU80 with an improved axle strength to increase its maximum payload, as well as various other and specialised variants.
Among these many variants was the Type 98 20 mm Machine Cannon Carrier Truck, which was a Type 98 20 mm AA machine cannon mounted on the back of a truck as a means to provide AA cover for the IJA's tank divisions. In practice, not solely the Isuzu Type 94 was used, but also equivalent trucks built by Nissan and Toyota.
The Type 98 20 mm AA machine cannon was a Japanese derived variant of the Hotchkiss M1929 13.2 mm machine gun, which had first been developed in 1929 by the French manufacturer Hotchkiss & Cie. Examples of the M1929 were purchased by Japan in the early 1930s, who first started license-building it as the Type 93 machine gun. Experience with the Type 93 and its derived variant, the Type 96 25 mm AT/AA gun, eventually led to a 20 mm variant which was standardised in 1938. This weapon became the most widely spread Japanese light AA gun of the Second World War, with approximately 2,500 built. A variant of the Type 98, the Type 4, was introduced in 1944, consisting of two Type 98 guns on a twinned mount. An approximate 500 Type 4 guns were built between 1944 and 1945.
Media
- Skins
See also
- Other vehicles of similar configuration and role
External links
Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:
- topic on the official game forum;
- other literature.
| Isuzu Motors, Ltd. (いすゞ自動車株式会社) | |
|---|---|
| SPAA | Type 94 |
| SAM | Type 81 (C) |
| Japan anti-aircraft vehicles | |
|---|---|
| Ke-Ni Derivatives | Ta-Se · So-Ki |
| Wheeled | Type 94 |
| Tracked | SUB-I-II |
| Radar SPAAG | Type 87 |
| Missile SPAA | Type 93 · Type 81 (C) |
| USA | ▅M16 MGMC · ▅M19A1 · ▅M42 |
