ZiS-12 (94-KM)
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Contents
Description
The ZiS-12 (94-KM) (94-KM gun mount on a ZIS-12 truck) is a rank II Soviet self-propelled anti-aircraft vehicle with a battle rating of 3.7 (AB) and 3.0 (RB/SB). It was introduced in Update 1.57 "Battle March".
The 94-KM is an improvement over the GAZ-MM (72-K) with its dual-mounted 25 mm cannons, increasing its rate of fire and area of saturation for anti-aircraft duties.
This SPAA is commonly referred to as the "Milk Truck" by the community.
General info
Survivability and armour
The armour of the ZiS-12 (as seen in prior models) is inexistent even for shrapnel. Thus, the commander should always avoid or shoot to kill whatever enemy he sees. Not only for the fact the main gun is able to destroy the SPAA in a single shot but also because even low calibre machine gun fire is able to destroy the vehicle, specially on the vehicle turret as it is open. All aircraft will be able to get easy kills with this if the commander is unaware of aircraft existence. Being an open vehicle with milimetrical thickness armour and no gun shield invites all enemy players to use machine guns to kill it.
Armour type:
- Structural steel
- Wood (Truck bed)
- Rolled homogeneous armour (Gun mount)
| Armour | Front | Sides | Rear | Roof |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Driver's cabin | 1 mm | 1 mm | 1 mm | 1 mm |
| Cargo bed | 15 mm | 15 mm | 15 mm | 15 mm |
Notes:
- The wheels are 2 mm thick.
- The truck bed is 15 mm of wood, which will probably not offer as much protection as the truck cab.
- The radiator housing is unarmoured.
Mobility
| Game Mode | Max Speed (km/h) | Weight (tons) | Engine power (horsepower) | Power-to-weight ratio (hp/ton) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Forward | Reverse | Stock | Upgraded | Stock | Upgraded | ||
| Arcade | 56 | 8 | 3 | 99 | 134 | 33 | 44.67 |
| Realistic | 51 | 7 | 62 | 70 | 20.67 | 23.33 | |
The mobility of the ZiS-12 is not exactly the fastest but is not mediocre either. When used on roads, top speeds are really high and is able to reach speeds of 80km/h. When off-road, the ZiS-12 will struggle, not much but speed will be drastically reduced compared to roads. Mud, water, sand and snow are the worst enemies of tires, mainly for the treaction for said environments. When in maps in which sand or snow are inevitable (Sands of Sinai for example) always stay on or close to a road.
Modifications and economy
| Mobility | Protection | Firepower | ||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
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The most important module for this anti-air vehicle is arguably the OZR-132 full-HE ammo belt, which greatly improves the cannon's anti-air abilities. Since the vehicle has practically no armour, it usually finds little success in an anti-tank role, so the BR-132 modification is not as useful, even though it gives the vehicle high-penetrating rounds. Similarly, mobility upgrades are not a top priority when it comes to modules for the ZiS-12.
Armaments
Main armament
The ZiS-12 (94-KM) is armed with dual 25 mm autocannons, devastating for all armoured vehicles seen at the battle rating. The calibre and penetration is not the most fearful characteristic of this weapons, the fire rate and RPM is. Due to being dual mount, the RPM is elevated to 480. At first sight this may not be seen as a threat but depending on the ammunition used, the ZiS-12 is able to either play anti-tank or anti-air role. The RPM helps not only in scaring enemy planes but also to redirect fire upon missed shots. A single hit to an aircraft with this weapons will be fatal, even with the AP belt.
| 25 mm 72-K (x2) | Turret rotation speed (°/s) | Reloading rate (seconds) | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mode | Capacity (Belt) | Fire rate | Vertical | Horizontal | Stabilizer | Stock | Upgraded | Full | Expert | Aced | Stock | Full | Expert | Aced |
| Arcade | 560 (7) | 240 | -10°/+85° | ±180° | N/A | 30.8 | 42.7 | 51.8 | 57.3 | 60.9 | 0.26 | 0.23 | 0.21 | 0.20 |
| Realistic | 20.8 | 24.5 | 29.8 | 32.9 | 35.0 | |||||||||
Ammunition
- Default: AP-T · FI-T* - These belts can fulfill both roles until the others are researched but with a lesser effectiveness.
- OZR-132: FI-T* - These are suited to the AA role but useless against ground vehicles.
- BR-132: AP-T - These are best against lightly armoured tanks at close range and still do good damage to planes.
| Penetration statistics | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ammunition | Penetration @ 0° Angle of Attack (mm) | ||||||
| 10 m | 100 m | 500 m | 1,000 m | 1,500 m | 2,000 m | ||
| FI-T* | 7 | 7 | 6 | 4 | 3 | 3 | |
| AP-T | 57 | 54 | 44 | 34 | 27 | 21 | |
| Shell details | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ammunition | Velocity (m/s) |
Projectile mass (kg) |
Fuse delay (m) |
Fuse sensitivity (mm) |
Explosive mass (TNT equivalent) (g) |
Ricochet | ||||||
| 0% | 50% | 100% | ||||||||||
| FI-T* | 910 | 0.29 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 13 | 47° | 56° | 65° | ||||
| AP-T | 900 | 0.3 | - | - | - | 47° | 60° | 65° | ||||
Ammo racks
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| Full ammo |
1st rack empty |
2nd rack empty |
Visual discrepancy |
|---|---|---|---|
| 80 | 42 (+38) | 2 (+78) | No |
Note:
- The ammunition is modeled as 2 racks, each containing half the clips.
- The ammunition is composed of 80 clips of 7 rounds.
Usage in battles
This anti-aircraft gun is used similarly as the GAZ-MM (72-K) and is armed with not one, but two 25 mm cannons that dish out twice the damage, traded for the gun shield of the former. Get to a good vantage point using the vehicle's speed, and then use the cannons to shoot down aircraft that threaten the team. Beware of any tanks or aircraft, as even machine guns can destroy the vehicle. If faced with light tanks, try to run away with the high speed of the vehicle, or try to destroy it using the cannons. The 25 mm's will offer enough penetration to go through most of a light tank's armour. A good strategy might be to flank the enemy team or an individual and attack it from the side. Caution should be paid to what tank you are shooting at, although the AP clip is effective against the side armour of most tanks this vehicle will be up against. Heavy tanks should be avoided, unless the ZiS-12 is serving as a distraction for the team or you are sure that you can penetrate their armour. Again, being shot by anything will often result in your vehicle being destroyed or put out of action. Although this vehicle is speedy, speed alone will not be enough to avoid enemy shots and machine-gun fire. One way to help mitigate the damage your vehicle might take in an engagement is by reversing up a hill, depressing your barrels over the ridge, only exposing two of your four crew members. Even if you do get shot, the driver and commander will usually survive, allowing you to escape.
Pros and cons
Pros:
- Lightly-armoured enemies are easy to penetrate with AP rounds
- Dual-mounted cannons have a high rate of fire
- Extremely low reload time allows the guns to fire nearly continuously
- Good engine and transmission will enable it to accelerate and drive at high speeds and stop in a reasonable distance
- Air targets belt almost guarantees shooting down a plane on a direct hit
Cons:
- No armour or protection whatsoever
- Second noisiest vehicle in the game, even if you find a hiding place enemies will find you easily.
- Very high recoil, making it hard to shoot at the same weak spot twice.
- Ground vehicles and planes can quickly destroy the vehicle with a mere machine gun
- Highly vulnerable to overpressure (artillery, chemical shells, bombs, rockets)
- Vulnerable to flipping at high speeds
- Cannot shoot straight ahead due to driving compartment
- Limited ammo count, meaning that ammo runs out quite fast if used recklessly
History
Soviet mobile anti-aircraft defences in World War II was quite lacking in comparison to other nation's. Their self-propelled anti-aircraft guns are mainly improvised truck beds mounting a light anti-aircraft gun, such as Maxim machine guns on the GAZ-AAA (4M) and a single 25 mm autocannon in the GAZ-MM (72-K). By the end of 1943, the design bureau at Plant no.88 wanted to mount two 25 mm 72-K guns onto a truck bed. The guidance system on the new design was derived from the 37 mm 61-K gun. The gun system was mounted onto the back of a ZIS-12 truck bed, which was derived from the ZIS-5 truck. In 1944, the weapon system was accepted for testing and later approved as the 94-KM ZIS-12. Plant no.88 produced the 94-KM from 1944 to 1945 before stopping at either production number 225 or 237, possibly due to the introduction of the better ZSU-37 anti-aircraft system.
Media
- Skins
See also
- Other vehicles of similar configuration and role
External links
| USSR anti-aircraft vehicles | |
|---|---|
| GAZ-AAA | GAZ-AAA (4M) · GAZ-AAA (DShK) |
| BTR-152 | BTR-152A · BTR-152D |
| Wheeled/Half-tracked | GAZ-MM (72-K) · ZiS-12 (94-KM) · ZiS-43 |
| Radar SPAAG | ZSU-23-4 · ZSU-37-2 |
| SAM | ZSU-23-4M4 · Strela-10M2 · 2S6 · Pantsir-S1 |
| Other | ZSU-23-4M2 · ZUT-37 · ZSU-37 · BTR-ZD · ZSU-57-2 |
| Czechoslovakia | M53/59 |
| North Vietnam | ▂Phòng không T-34 |
