Difference between revisions of "M19A1"

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== Description ==
 
== Description ==
−
''In the description, the first part needs to be about the history of the creation and combat usage of the vehicle, as well as its key features. In the second part, tell the reader about the ground vehicle in the game. Insert the screenshot of the vehicle. If the novice player does not remember the vehicle by name, they will immediately understand what kind of vehicle it is talking about.''
+
<!--''In the description, the first part needs to be about the history of the creation and combat usage of the vehicle, as well as its key features. In the second part, tell the reader about the ground vehicle in the game. Insert the screenshot of the vehicle. If the novice player does not remember the vehicle by name, they will immediately understand what kind of vehicle it is talking about.''-->
 +
[[File:GarageImage_M19.jpg|420px|thumb|left]]
 +
{{break}}
 +
The '''Twin Gun Motor Carriage M19''' is a Rank IV American self-propelled anti-aircraft gun with a battle rating of 5.0. It is one of the first American vehicles to be released with the American ground tree in [[Update 1.45 "Steel Generals"]]. Armed with a dual-mounted Bofors 40 mm gun system, the M19 provides a substantial firepower upgrade over the standard .50 caliber machine guns and 37 mm autocannon used in its predecessors [[M16|M16 MGMC]] and [[M15|M15 CGMC]].
 +
 
 +
The M19 TGMC is a '''S'''elf '''P'''ropelled '''A'''nti-'''A'''ir vehicle. Not much more to say. Stay behind and close to allies, but outside the enemies view-range and with clear line of sight to the horizon for low aircraft.
  
 
== General info ==
 
== General info ==
 
=== Survivability and armour ===
 
=== Survivability and armour ===
−
''Describe armour protection. Note the most well protected and key weak areas. Appreciate the layout of modules as well as the number and location of crew members. Is the level of armour protection sufficient, is the placement of modules helpfull for survival in combat?''
+
<!--''Describe armour protection. Note the most well protected and key weak areas. Appreciate the layout of modules as well as the number and location of crew members. Is the level of armour protection sufficient, is the placement of modules helpfull for survival in combat?''
  
−
''If necessary use a visual template to indicate the most secure and weak zones of the armour.''
+
''If necessary use a visual template to indicate the most secure and weak zones of the armour.''-->
 +
'''Armour type:'''
 +
*Rolled homogeneous armour
 +
{| class="wikitable"
 +
|-
 +
! Armour !! Front (Slope armour) !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof
 +
|-
 +
| Hull || 12.7 mm (59°) || 12.7 mm || 12.7 mm || 12.7 mm
 +
|-
 +
| Turret || 12.7 mm || 8 mm || 8 mm || N/A
 +
|-
 +
|}
 +
'''Notes:'''
 +
* Suspension wheels and tracks are 10 mm thick.
  
 
=== Mobility ===
 
=== Mobility ===
−
''Write about the mobility of the ground vehicle. Estimate the specific power and maneuverability as well as the maximum speed forward and backward.''
+
<!--''Write about the mobility of the ground vehicle. Estimate the specific power and maneuverability as well as the maximum speed forward and backward.''-->
 +
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
 +
|-
 +
!colspan="3" | Mobility characteristic
 +
|-
 +
! Weight (tons)
 +
!colspan="1" | Add-on Armor<br>weight (tons)
 +
!colspan="1" | Max speed (km/h)
 +
|-
 +
|rowspan="2" | 17.5 || colspan="1" rowspan="2" | N/A || colspan="1" | 61 (AB)
 +
|-
 +
|56 (RB/SB)
 +
|-
 +
!colspan="3" | Engine power (horsepower)
 +
|-
 +
!colspan="1" | Mode
 +
!Stock
 +
!Upgraded
 +
|-
 +
|''Arcade''
 +
|420
 +
|518
 +
|-
 +
|''Realistic/Simulator''
 +
|262
 +
|296
 +
|-
 +
!colspan="3" | Power-to-weight ratio (hp/ton)
 +
|-
 +
!colspan="1" | Mode
 +
!Stock
 +
!Upgraded
 +
|-
 +
|''Arcade''
 +
|24.00
 +
|29.60
 +
|-
 +
|''Realistic/Simulator''
 +
|14.97
 +
|16.91
 +
|-
 +
|}
  
 
== Armaments ==
 
== Armaments ==
−
=== Main armament ===
+
<!--''Give the reader information about the characteristics of the main gun. Assess its effectiveness in a battle based on the reloading speed, ballistics and the power of shells. Do not forget about the flexibilty of the fire, that is how quickly the cannon can be aimed at the target, open fire on it and aim at another enemy. Add a link to the main article on the gun: <code><nowiki>{{main|Name of the weapon}}</nowiki></code>. Describe in general terms the ammunition available for the main gun. Give advice on how to use them and how to fill the ammunition storage.''-->
−
''Give the reader information about the characteristics of the main gun. Assess its effectiveness in a battle based on the reloading speed, ballistics and the power of shells. Do not forget about the flexibilty of the fire, that is how quickly the cannon can be aimed at the target, open fire on it and aim at another enemy. Add a link to the main article on the gun: <code><nowiki>{{main|Name of the weapon}}</nowiki></code>. Describe in general terms the ammunition available for the main gun. Give advice on how to use them and how to fill the ammunition storage.''
+
{{main|Bofors (40 mm)}}
  
−
=== Additional armament ===
+
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
−
''Some tanks are armed with several guns in one or more turrets. Evaluate the additional weaponry and give advice on its use. Describe the ammunition available for additional weaponry. Give advice on how to use them and how to fill the ammunition storage. If there is no additional weaponry remove this subsection.''
+
|-
 +
! colspan="6" | [[Bofors (40 mm)|40 mm Bofors]] (x2)
 +
|-
 +
! colspan="2" rowspan="1" style="width:5em" |Capacity (Belt capacity each)
 +
! rowspan="1" | Fire rate <br> (shots/minute)
 +
! rowspan="1" | Vertical <br> guidance
 +
! rowspan="1" | Horizontal <br> guidance
 +
! rowspan="1" | Stabilizer
 +
|-
 +
| colspan="2" | 352 (8) || 120 || -5°/+85° || ±180° || N/A
 +
|-
 +
! colspan="6" | Turret rotation speed (°/s)
 +
|-
 +
! style="width:4em" |Mode
 +
! style="width:4em" |Stock
 +
! style="width:4em" |Upgraded
 +
! style="width:4em" |Prior + Full crew
 +
! style="width:4em" |Prior + Expert qualif.
 +
! style="width:4em" |Prior + Ace qualif.
 +
|-
 +
| ''Arcade'' || 23.8 || 32.9 || 40.0 || 44.2 || 47.0
 +
|-
 +
| ''Realistic'' || 23.8 || 28.0 || 34.0 || 37.6 || 40.0
 +
|-
 +
! colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
 +
|-
 +
! colspan="1" style="width:4em" |Stock
 +
! colspan="1" style="width:4em" |Prior + Full crew
 +
! colspan="1" style="width:4em" |Prior + Expert qualif.
 +
! colspan="1" style="width:4em" |Prior + Ace qualif.
 +
|-
 +
| 0.65 || 0.58 || 0.53 || 0.50
 +
|-
 +
|}
  
−
=== Machine guns ===
+
=== Ammunition ===
−
''Offensive and anti-aircraft machine guns not only allow you to fight some aircraft, but also are effective against lightly armoured vehicles. Evaluate machine guns and give recommendations on its use.''
+
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
 +
! colspan="8" | Penetration statistics
 +
|-
 +
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
 +
! rowspan="2" class="unsortable" | Type of <br /> warhead
 +
! colspan="6" | '''Penetration''' '''''in mm''''' '''@ 90°'''
 +
|-
 +
! 10m
 +
! 100m
 +
! 500m
 +
! 1000m
 +
! 1500m
 +
! 2000m
 +
|-
 +
| Mk.II || HEFI-T* || 3 || 3 || 3 || 3 || 3 || 3
 +
|-
 +
| M81A1 || AP-T || 76 || 74 || 62 || 45 || 33 || 24
 +
|-
 +
|}
 +
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
 +
! colspan="11" | Shell details
 +
|-
 +
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
 +
! rowspan="2" class="unsortable" | Type of <br /> warhead
 +
! rowspan="2" |Velocity <br /> in m/s
 +
! rowspan="2" |Projectile<br />Mass in kg
 +
! rowspan="2" | ''Fuse delay''
 +
''in m:''
 +
! rowspan="2" | ''Fuse sensitivity''
 +
''in mm:''
 +
! rowspan="2" | ''Explosive Mass in g<br /> (TNT equivalent):''
 +
! rowspan="2" | ''Normalization At 30° <br> from horizontal:''
 +
! colspan="3" | ''Ricochet:''
 +
|-
 +
! 0%
 +
! 50%
 +
! 100%
 +
|-
 +
| Mk.II || HEFI-T* || 874 || 0.86 || 0.2 || 0.1 || 63 || +0° || 79° || 80° || 81°
 +
|-
 +
| M81A1 || AP-T || 874 || 0.88 || N/A || N/A || N/A || -1° || 47° || 60° || 65°
 +
|-
 +
|}
 +
 
 +
===Belt types===
 +
{|class="wikitable"
 +
| '''Belts''' || '''Shell composition''' || '''Combat usage'''
 +
|-
 +
|align="left"|''Default'' ||align="left"| '''AP-T''' / '''HEFI-T*''' ||align="left"| These work fine, a hit on an aircraft means certain death for it and still is able to hurt ground vehicles, especially if it is side into the side of a enemy tank. These seem like a good "I don't know what I will run into" belt.
 +
|-
 +
|align="left"|''Mk.II'' ||align="left"| '''HEFI-T*''' ||align="left"| These mean certain death for aircraft, what should be used for AA work.
 +
|-
 +
|align="left"|''M81A1'' ||align="left"| '''AP-T''' ||align="left"| These are the worst belts against airplanes. however, they are able to hurt ground vehicles especially if it is side into the side of a enemy tank. If you plan on killing tanks load this and flank, since side shots are almost a necessity.
 +
|}
 +
 
 +
=== [[Ammo racks|Ammo racks]] ===
 +
[[File:Ammoracks_M19.png|right|thumbnail|300px|[[Ammo racks|Ammo racks]] of the M19.]]
 +
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center"
 +
|-
 +
! class="wikitable unsortable" |Ammo<br/>Part
 +
! class="wikitable unsortable" |Full<br /> ammo
 +
! class="wikitable unsortable" |1st<br />  rack empty
 +
! class="wikitable unsortable" |2nd<br />  rack empty
 +
! class="wikitable unsortable" |3rd<br />  rack empty
 +
! class="wikitable unsortable" |4th<br />  rack empty
 +
! class="wikitable unsortable" |5th<br />  rack empty
 +
! class="wikitable unsortable" |6th<br />  rack empty
 +
! class="wikitable unsortable" |7th<br />  rack empty
 +
! class="wikitable unsortable" |8th<br />  rack empty
 +
! class="wikitable unsortable" |9th<br />  rack empty
 +
! class="wikitable unsortable" |10th<br />  rack empty
 +
! class="wikitable unsortable" |11th<br />  rack empty
 +
! class="wikitable unsortable" |Visual<br /> discrepancy
 +
|-
 +
|style="text-align:right"| ''Magazines''<br />''Rounds'' || '''44'''<br>'''352'''|| 22&nbsp;''(+22)''<br>176&nbsp;''(+176)'' || 20&nbsp;''(+24)''<br>160&nbsp;''(+192)'' || 18&nbsp;''(+26)''<br>144&nbsp;''(+208)'' || 16&nbsp;''(+28)''<br>128&nbsp;''(+224)'' || 14&nbsp;''(+30)''<br>112&nbsp;''(+240)'' || 12&nbsp;''(+32)''<br>96&nbsp;''(+256)'' || 10&nbsp;''(+34)''<br>80&nbsp;''(+272)'' || 8&nbsp;''(+36)''<br>64&nbsp;''(+288)'' || 6&nbsp;''(+38)''<br>48&nbsp;''(+304)'' || 4&nbsp;''(+40)''<br>32&nbsp;''(+320)'' || 2&nbsp;''(+42)''<br>16&nbsp;''(+336)''  || style="text-align:left" | Yes
 +
|-
 +
|}
 +
'''Notes:'''
 +
* There are 8 rounds loaded into each magazine.  The second row merely translate the number of magazine into the number of rounds.
  
 
== Usage in the battles ==
 
== Usage in the battles ==
−
''Describe the tactics of playing in the vehicle, the features of using vehicles in the team and advice on tactics. Refrain from creating a "guide" - do not impose a single point of view but give the reader food for thought. Describe the most dangerous enemies and give recommendations on fighting them. If necessary, note the specifics of the game in different modes (AB, RB, SB).''
+
<!--''Describe the tactics of playing in the vehicle, the features of using vehicles in the team and advice on tactics. Refrain from creating a "guide" - do not impose a single point of view but give the reader food for thought. Describe the most dangerous enemies and give recommendations on fighting them. If necessary, note the specifics of the game in different modes (AB, RB, SB).''-->
 +
With the dual 40mm Bofors the TGMC has an excellent tool versus [[:Category:Bombers|bombers]] and [[:Category:Attackers|armoured attackers]]. The ammo is limited though. Reserve the fire for certain hits. Against fighters the same tactic should be applied.
 +
 
 +
Compared to certain other SPAAs ([[ZSU-37]], [[Wirbelwind]], [[Multiple Gun Motor Carriage M13]], etc.), the M19 cannot be used effectively in an anti-vehicle role. The average [[BR|battle-rating]] is too high and the penetration value of the AP shells to low. While it does have increased armour compared to earlier models, it is still not strong enough against the devastating tank HE shells. However the armour performs well versus the average aircraft armament. Thankfully the fuzes of most APHE shells coming at you are not very sensitive, rendering the HE content useless and the entire shell into a mere AP solid shot. The damage can still destroy major components and render you immobile for more shots.
  
 
=== Pros and cons ===
 
=== Pros and cons ===
−
''Summarize and briefly evaluate the vehicle in terms of its characteristics and combat effectiveness. Mark its pros and cons in a bulleted list. Do not use more than 6 points for each of the characteristics. Avoid using categorical definitions such as "bad", "good" and the like - they have a substitution in the form of softer "inadequate", "effective".''
+
<!--''Summarize and briefly evaluate the vehicle in terms of its characteristics and combat effectiveness. Mark its pros and cons in a bulleted list. Do not use more than 6 points for each of the characteristics. Avoid using categorical definitions such as "bad", "good" and the like - they have a substitution in the form of softer "inadequate", "effective".''-->
−
 
 
 
'''Pros:'''
 
'''Pros:'''
−
*
+
* Heavy anti-air fire power.
−
 
+
* Good effect on aircraft if 40 mm HE shells hit.
 +
* Good mobility.
 
'''Cons:'''
 
'''Cons:'''
−
*
+
* Open top, exposing loaders and gunners.
 +
* Compared to some other SPAA's at the rank, poor anti-vehicle performance.
 +
* Little armour.
 +
* Decreased mobility off-road.
  
 
== History ==
 
== History ==
−
''Describe the history of the creation and combat usage of the ground vehicle in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too big, take it to a separate article, taking a link to an article about the vehicle and adding a block "/historical reference" (example: https://wiki.warthunder.com/Name-vehicles/historical reference) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to include links to sources at the end of the article.''
+
<!--''Describe the history of the creation and combat usage of the ground vehicle in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too big, take it to a separate article, taking a link to an article about the vehicle and adding a block "/historical reference" (example: https://wiki.warthunder.com/Name-vehicles/historical reference) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to include links to sources at the end of the article.''-->
 +
===Development===
 +
The development of this vehicle began from the T65 project. The T65 was classified as the ''40 mm Gun Motor Carriage T65'' and was based off the chassis of the [[Light Tank M5A1 Stuart|M5 Stuart]] as requested by US Army Armored Force for a light anti-aircraft vehicle. The T65 was a successful vehicle and went on for about 1,000 units produced, however it stopped because the production line for the Stuart chassis was phased out as well. As a replacement, the Armored Force peered into the new light tank entering production, the [[Light Tank M24 Chaffee|M24 Chaffee]], as the basis of their new light anti-aircraft vehicle. This project was called the ''T65E1'' and was being developed at the same time with the M24 (still in development as the T24). The layout for the T65E1 on the new chassis was similar to the one used with the Stuart's chassis, with the gun turret at the rear and engine at the middle, and only a few changes were made like changing the original vertical gun shield into an angular one.
 +
 
 +
The T65E1 was accepted in May 1944 and designated as the '''Twin Gun Motor Carriage M19'''. An order of 904 of these vehicles were sent to Cadillac, but production didn't start until August and the factory was only able to make 285 units before the war ended due to diversion in parts to creating full M24 Chaffees. An upgrade made during its production life was designated the '''M19A1''' and had an auxiliary engine and generator to operate the 40 mm cannons in case the main engine is disabled, plus an extra compartment to hold two spare barrels for the gun should they be damaged or overheated.
 +
 
 +
===Combat usage===
 +
The M19 TGMCs that were produced were sent to Europe and used by the US Army. However, by the time the M19 was available for use, the German Luftwaffe had been decimated by the Allied air superiority, thus the M19 use as an anti-aircraft gun has been diminished greatly. The M19, like its many anti-aircraft vehicle designs made before it, found great service as an assault gun, where its 40 mm twin cannons can deliver much more firepower than its predecessors with either only .50 caliber machine guns ([[Multiple Gun Motor Carriage M16|M16 MGMC]]), or a 37 mm autocannon ([[Combination Gun Motor Carriage M15|M15 CGMC]]). The M19 was never exported to America's allies in the Lend-Lease Act, and not even after the war with the Military Aid Program. Despite that, the M19 still saw use in America up to the Korean War for nearly the same purposes it was given for in World War II as a ground support weapon. It was used as a defensive turret against charging North Korean and Chinese forces when they try to overrun infantry positions, to which it served with devastating effect. Its effect against enemy aircraft is dubious during the war.
 +
 
 +
When the M24 Chaffee and its chassis derivatives were finally phased out of service in 1956 for newer tanks in production, the M19 was no exception. However, the M19 40 mm turrets were removed from the chassis and was simply put onto the next light tank chassis that was to take over the role the M24 Chaffee was built for. This light tank was the [[Light Tank M41 Walker Bulldog|M41 Walker Bulldog]] and the M19 turret-mounted chassis was named the [[Twin 40mm Self-Propelled Guns M42 Duster|M42 Duster]].
  
 
== Media ==
 
== Media ==
−
''An excellent addition to the article will be video guides, as well as screenshots from the game and photos.''
+
[http://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?q=%23m19 Camouflages, skins and paint patterns for the M19 Twin Gun Motor Carriage from live.warthunder.]
  
 
== Read also ==
 
== Read also ==
Line 51: Line 236:
 
* ''topic on the official game forum;''
 
* ''topic on the official game forum;''
 
* ''other literature.''
 
* ''other literature.''
 +
 +
{{USA anti-aircraft vehicles}}

Revision as of 05:33, 22 November 2018

Rank VI USSR | Premium | Golden Eagles
Su-25K Pack
M19A1
us_m19.png
M19A1
USA flag.png USA
III Rank
Battle rating:
AB RB SB
4.7 4.0 4.0
Class:
Research:18 000 Specs-Card-Exp.png
Purchase:47 000 Specs-Card-Lion.png
Show in game

Description

GarageImage M19A1.jpg


The Twin Gun Motor Carriage M19 is a Rank IV American self-propelled anti-aircraft gun with a battle rating of 5.0. It is one of the first American vehicles to be released with the American ground tree in Update 1.45 "Steel Generals". Armed with a dual-mounted Bofors 40 mm gun system, the M19 provides a substantial firepower upgrade over the standard .50 caliber machine guns and 37 mm autocannon used in its predecessors M16 MGMC and M15 CGMC.

The M19 TGMC is a Self Propelled Anti-Air vehicle. Not much more to say. Stay behind and close to allies, but outside the enemies view-range and with clear line of sight to the horizon for low aircraft.

General info

Survivability and armour

Armour type:

  • Rolled homogeneous armour
Armour Front (Slope armour) Sides Rear Roof
Hull 12.7 mm (59°) 12.7 mm 12.7 mm 12.7 mm
Turret 12.7 mm 8 mm 8 mm N/A

Notes:

  • Suspension wheels and tracks are 10 mm thick.

Mobility

Mobility characteristic
Weight (tons) Add-on Armor
weight (tons) 		Max speed (km/h)
17.5 N/A 61 (AB)
56 (RB/SB)
Engine power (horsepower)
Mode Stock Upgraded
Arcade 420 518
Realistic/Simulator 262 296
Power-to-weight ratio (hp/ton)
Mode Stock Upgraded
Arcade 24.00 29.60
Realistic/Simulator 14.97 16.91

Armaments

Main article: Bofors (40 mm)
40 mm Bofors (x2)
Capacity (Belt capacity each) Fire rate
(shots/minute) 		Vertical
guidance 		Horizontal
guidance 		Stabilizer
352 (8) 120 -5°/+85° ±180° N/A
Turret rotation speed (°/s)
Mode Stock Upgraded Prior + Full crew Prior + Expert qualif. Prior + Ace qualif.
Arcade 23.8 32.9 40.0 44.2 47.0
Realistic 23.8 28.0 34.0 37.6 40.0
Reloading rate (seconds)
Stock Prior + Full crew Prior + Expert qualif. Prior + Ace qualif.
0.65 0.58 0.53 0.50

Ammunition

Penetration statistics
Ammunition Type of
warhead 		Penetration in mm @ 90°
10m 100m 500m 1000m 1500m 2000m
Mk.II HEFI-T* 3 3 3 3 3 3
M81A1 AP-T 76 74 62 45 33 24
Shell details
Ammunition Type of
warhead 		Velocity
in m/s 		Projectile
Mass in kg 		Fuse delay

in m:

Fuse sensitivity

in mm:

Explosive Mass in g
(TNT equivalent): 		Normalization At 30°
from horizontal: 		Ricochet:
0% 50% 100%
Mk.II HEFI-T* 874 0.86 0.2 0.1 63 +0° 79° 80° 81°
M81A1 AP-T 874 0.88 N/A N/A N/A -1° 47° 60° 65°

Belt types

Belts Shell composition Combat usage
Default AP-T / HEFI-T* These work fine, a hit on an aircraft means certain death for it and still is able to hurt ground vehicles, especially if it is side into the side of a enemy tank. These seem like a good "I don't know what I will run into" belt.
Mk.II HEFI-T* These mean certain death for aircraft, what should be used for AA work.
M81A1 AP-T These are the worst belts against airplanes. however, they are able to hurt ground vehicles especially if it is side into the side of a enemy tank. If you plan on killing tanks load this and flank, since side shots are almost a necessity.

Ammo racks

Ammo racks of the M19.
Ammo
Part 		Full
ammo 		1st
rack empty 		2nd
rack empty 		3rd
rack empty 		4th
rack empty 		5th
rack empty 		6th
rack empty 		7th
rack empty 		8th
rack empty 		9th
rack empty 		10th
rack empty 		11th
rack empty 		Visual
discrepancy
Magazines
Rounds 		44
352		 22 (+22)
176 (+176) 		20 (+24)
160 (+192) 		18 (+26)
144 (+208) 		16 (+28)
128 (+224) 		14 (+30)
112 (+240) 		12 (+32)
96 (+256) 		10 (+34)
80 (+272) 		8 (+36)
64 (+288) 		6 (+38)
48 (+304) 		4 (+40)
32 (+320) 		2 (+42)
16 (+336) 		Yes

Notes:

  • There are 8 rounds loaded into each magazine. The second row merely translate the number of magazine into the number of rounds.

Usage in the battles

With the dual 40mm Bofors the TGMC has an excellent tool versus bombers and armoured attackers. The ammo is limited though. Reserve the fire for certain hits. Against fighters the same tactic should be applied.

Compared to certain other SPAAs (ZSU-37, Wirbelwind, Multiple Gun Motor Carriage M13, etc.), the M19 cannot be used effectively in an anti-vehicle role. The average battle-rating is too high and the penetration value of the AP shells to low. While it does have increased armour compared to earlier models, it is still not strong enough against the devastating tank HE shells. However the armour performs well versus the average aircraft armament. Thankfully the fuzes of most APHE shells coming at you are not very sensitive, rendering the HE content useless and the entire shell into a mere AP solid shot. The damage can still destroy major components and render you immobile for more shots.

Pros and cons

Pros:

  • Heavy anti-air fire power.
  • Good effect on aircraft if 40 mm HE shells hit.
  • Good mobility.

Cons:

  • Open top, exposing loaders and gunners.
  • Compared to some other SPAA's at the rank, poor anti-vehicle performance.
  • Little armour.
  • Decreased mobility off-road.

History

Development

The development of this vehicle began from the T65 project. The T65 was classified as the 40 mm Gun Motor Carriage T65 and was based off the chassis of the M5 Stuart as requested by US Army Armored Force for a light anti-aircraft vehicle. The T65 was a successful vehicle and went on for about 1,000 units produced, however it stopped because the production line for the Stuart chassis was phased out as well. As a replacement, the Armored Force peered into the new light tank entering production, the M24 Chaffee, as the basis of their new light anti-aircraft vehicle. This project was called the T65E1 and was being developed at the same time with the M24 (still in development as the T24). The layout for the T65E1 on the new chassis was similar to the one used with the Stuart's chassis, with the gun turret at the rear and engine at the middle, and only a few changes were made like changing the original vertical gun shield into an angular one.

The T65E1 was accepted in May 1944 and designated as the Twin Gun Motor Carriage M19. An order of 904 of these vehicles were sent to Cadillac, but production didn't start until August and the factory was only able to make 285 units before the war ended due to diversion in parts to creating full M24 Chaffees. An upgrade made during its production life was designated the M19A1 and had an auxiliary engine and generator to operate the 40 mm cannons in case the main engine is disabled, plus an extra compartment to hold two spare barrels for the gun should they be damaged or overheated.

Combat usage

The M19 TGMCs that were produced were sent to Europe and used by the US Army. However, by the time the M19 was available for use, the German Luftwaffe had been decimated by the Allied air superiority, thus the M19 use as an anti-aircraft gun has been diminished greatly. The M19, like its many anti-aircraft vehicle designs made before it, found great service as an assault gun, where its 40 mm twin cannons can deliver much more firepower than its predecessors with either only .50 caliber machine guns (M16 MGMC), or a 37 mm autocannon (M15 CGMC). The M19 was never exported to America's allies in the Lend-Lease Act, and not even after the war with the Military Aid Program. Despite that, the M19 still saw use in America up to the Korean War for nearly the same purposes it was given for in World War II as a ground support weapon. It was used as a defensive turret against charging North Korean and Chinese forces when they try to overrun infantry positions, to which it served with devastating effect. Its effect against enemy aircraft is dubious during the war.

When the M24 Chaffee and its chassis derivatives were finally phased out of service in 1956 for newer tanks in production, the M19 was no exception. However, the M19 40 mm turrets were removed from the chassis and was simply put onto the next light tank chassis that was to take over the role the M24 Chaffee was built for. This light tank was the M41 Walker Bulldog and the M19 turret-mounted chassis was named the M42 Duster.

Media

Camouflages, skins and paint patterns for the M19 Twin Gun Motor Carriage from live.warthunder.

Read also

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ETC.

Sources

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USA anti-aircraft vehicles
M3 Half-track derivatives  M13 MGMC · M15 CGMC · M16 MGMC
M24 derivative  M19A1
M41 derivative  M42
Radar SPAAG  M163 · M247
Missile SPAA  ADATS · Imp.Chaparral · LAV-AD · XM975

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