Grant I

Grant I

Grant I

Britain

II Rank

Battle rating:

AB	RB	SB
2.3	2.7	2.7

Class:

PREMIUM

Medium tank

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This page is about the gift British medium tank Grant I. For the version in the American tree, see Grant I.

Description

File:GarageImage Grant I (Great Britain).jpg

420px

The Grant I is a gift Rank II British medium tank with a battle rating of 2.3 (AB) and 2.7 (RB/SB). It was introduced during Update 1.61 "Road to Glory" in the Operation S.U.M.M.E.R. event of 2016. The Grant Mk I has only been available in Operation S.U.M.M.E.R. of 2016 that lasted from 22 July to 22 August. It was unlocked after obtaining 18 tanker Marks of Distinction. It is identical to the American Grant I, which itself is nearly identical to the M3 Lee with the difference being in the different turret design.

The Grant is most well recognized for its tall profile and two cannons. The suspension resembles that of the M4 Sherman, the only notable difference being the return rollers' positions. The hull front is also stepped into two plates, where the upper is closer to vertical. The large sponson on the right side (if you are inside it) carriers the main 75mm gun; note that with 2 crew, it is the operational gun. The 37mm gun is in a turret, mounted with a leftward offset. Its main notable difference from the M3 Lee is a redesigned turret.

Due to the presence of two cannons, this tank is an excellent multi-role vehicle. You can play it as a brawler combining the agile 37mm gun with the high damage of the 75mm gun, but don't get too close, in fact, the turreted gun has a bad depression and, combined with the high profile, tends to make close tanks difficult to hit. You can also play it as a tank destroyer using it from the second line. Note that you can assign a key to use only one of the two guns, with this method you can select as a primary weapon the 75mm gun, allowing you to aim directly from it (and not from the point of view of the 37mm gun) and use the bullet drop indicator in arcade battles.

The multiple cannons allow for different combinations of attack. The 75mm gun possesses armour penetration on about the level of the 37mm gun; however, the damage upon penetration is extremely high provided that you use the M61 APCBC shell with HE filler. On the other hand, the 37mm gun allows for close quarters and longer-range fighting, where its high-velocity and effective shell make for good long range targeting while it is also the only cannon on the Grant that has a full 360-degree traverse.

General info

Survivability and armour

Armour type:

• Rolled homogeneous armour (Hull, Turret roof)
• Cast homogeneous armour (Turret, Transmission area)

Armour	Front (Slope angle)	Sides	Rear	Roof
Hull	38.1 mm (54°) Front Glacis 50.8 mm (15-55°) Transmission area 50.8 mm (30°) Driver port 38.1 mm (0-57°) Hull gun mount	38.1 mm (0-22°) Top 38.1 mm Bottom	38.1 mm (1-14°) Top 38.1 mm (15-53°) Bottom	12.7 mm
Turret	76.2 mm (1-57°) Turret front 38.1 mm (1-69°) Gun mantlet	50.8 mm (7-45°)	50.8 mm (1-35°)	38.1 mm
Armour	Sides	Roof
Cupola	50.8 mm	38.1 mm

Notes:

• Suspension wheels are 15 mm thick, bogies are 10 mm thick, and tracks are 20 mm thick.
• Hull doors and vision ports are 38.1 mm thick.
• Turret ring is 50.8 mm thick.

Mobility

Mobility characteristic
Weight (tons)	Add-on Armor weight (tons)	Max speed (km/h)
27.9	N/A	43 (AB)
		39 (RB/SB)
Engine power (horsepower)
Mode	Stock	Upgraded
Arcade	620	763
Realistic/Simulator	354	400
Power-to-weight ratio (hp/ton)
Mode	Stock	Upgraded
Arcade	22.22	27.35
Realistic/Simulator	12.69	14.34

Armaments

Main armament

37 mm M5
Capacity			Vertical guidance	Horizontal guidance	Stabilizer
128			-7°/+60°	±180°	Vertical
Turret rotation speed (°/s)
Mode	Stock	Upgraded	Prior + Full crew	Prior + Expert qualif.	Prior + Ace qualif.
Arcade	17.14	23.72	__.__	__.__	33.88
Realistic	10.71	12.60	15.30	16.92	18.0
Reloading rate (seconds)
Stock	Prior + Full crew	Prior + Expert qualif.	Prior + Ace qualif.
3.77	3.33	3.07	2.90

Ammunition

Penetration statistics
Ammunition	Type of warhead	Penetration in mm @ 0° Angle of Attack
		10m	100m	500m	1000m	1500m	2000m
M74B1	AP	78	76	65	54	44	37
M51B1/B2	APC	78	76	65	54	44	37

Shell details
Ammunition	Type of warhead	Velocity in m/s	Projectile Mass in kg	Fuse delay in m:	Fuse sensitivity in mm:	Explosive Mass in g (TNT equivalent):	Normalization At 30° from horizontal:	Ricochet:
								0%	50%	100%
M74B1	AP	883	0.87	N/A	N/A	N/A	-1°	47°	60°	65°
M51B1/B2	APC	883	0.87	N/A	N/A	N/A	+4°	48°	63°	71°

Ammo racks

Ammo racks of the M3 Lee

Full ammo	1st rack empty	2nd rack empty	3rd rack empty	4th rack empty	5th rack empty	6th rack empty	7th rack empty	8th rack empty	Visual discrepancy
128	122 (+6)	104 (+24)	86 (+42)	69 (+59)	52 (+76)	35 (+93)	18 (+110)	1 (+127)	Yes

Additional armament

75 mm M2
Hull mount
Capacity			Vertical guidance	Horizontal guidance	Stabilizer
65			-9°/+20°	±15°	Vertical
Reloading rate (seconds)
Stock	Prior + Full crew	Prior + Expert Qualif.	Prior + Ace Qualif.
6.50	5.75	5.30	5.00

Ammunition

Penetration statistics
Ammunition	Type of warhead	Penetration in mm @ 0° Angle of Attack
		10m	100m	500m	1000m	1500m	2000m
M72 shot	AP	84	81	72	62	53	45
M48 shell	HE	10	10	10	10	10	10
M62 shot	APCBC	96	94	83	72	63	55

Shell details
Ammunition	Type of warhead	Velocity in m/s	Projectile Mass in kg	Fuse delay in m:	Fuse sensitivity in mm:	Explosive Mass in g (TNT equivalent):	Normalization At 30° from horizontal:	Ricochet:
								0%	50%	100%
M72 shot	AP	588	6.3	N/A	N/A	N/A	-1°	47°	60°	65°
M48 shell	HE	448	6.3	0.4	0.5	666	+0°	79°	80°	81°
M62 shot	APCBC	588	6.79	1.2	20	63.7	+4°	48°	63°	71°

Smoke characteristic
Ammunition	Velocity in m/s	Projectile Mass in kg	Screen radius in m	Screen time in s	Screen hold time in s:	Explosive Mass in g (TNT equivalent):
M89	259	3	13	5	20	50

Ammo racks

Full ammo	1st rack empty	2nd rack empty	Visual discrepancy
65	XX	1 (+64)	Yes

Machine guns

7.62 mm M1919A4
Coaxial mount
Capacity (Belt capacity)				Fire rate (shots/minute)	Vertical guidance	Horizontal guidance
4,000 (250)				500	N/A	N/A

Usage in battles

Different guns mean different styles of play. You can also play it as a tank destroyer, using its sponson gun to take shots at medium range and its 37mm to cover your flanks and make longer range snipe shots. You can also use it as an assault tank, quickly advancing on points while switching between the powerful 75mm gun and the faster-firing 37mm. In all game modes, you should assign the three gun profiles to different keys, this will allow you to aim using the sights of the three guns separately, allowing you to actually hit things at range with the 75mm gun.

Being at BR 2.7, you have a possibility of facing long-barrelled Pz.Kpfw. III, and Pz.Kpfw. IV, as well as T-34s, and (rarely) the Chi-Nu II. The ZiS-30 is also very deadly. Your 75mm gun can reliable penetrate all of these tanks at short range (save the T-34), whereas your 37mm will require some particular shot placement.

Pros and cons

Pros:

• Ability to use two guns: a 37mm and a 75mm - which is very powerful at this rank.
• Fine frontal armour.
• Side mounted 75mm gives the ability for some unique tactics.
• Despite the tall profile, the "wedding cake" design of the turret has thick sloped armour, providing extra protection to make up for it's height.

Cons:

• Tall profile, big target.
• Side mounted gun - as much it is advantage, it is disadvantage too.
• Slow traverse speeds make it easy for a light or a particularly speedy medium tank to sneak around the sides.

History

Development

After the development of the M2 medium tank, the Battle of France showed that such a tank was not going to be capable to go up against the German Panzer IIIs and Panzer IVs. With the Western Allies now embroiled in the North African campaign against the Germans and Italians, the Allies needed a good tank capable of going against the Panzer tanks, and they needed it quickly.

The M3 Lee tank started from the basis of the M2 Medium Tank, using the chassis and the VVSS suspension system. It was to mount the 75 mm cannon, however it was discovered that the United States does not have a turret design that could mount the 75 mm gun. So as development on the turret proceeded, the 75 mm on the M3 would be sponson-mounted. This design was tested on the M2 medium tank as the T5E2, which was approved for the M3 design. The M3 featured a medium tank with two guns, the 75 mm on the hull sponson mount, and a 37 mm with a coaxial machine gun on a turret. The turret cupola also had its own machine gun and there were also two fixed bow machine guns. The use of two gun mounts on a tank was similar to the German Neubaufahrzeug and Soviet T-35 tanks. The M3's 75 mm gun however presented a huge advantage over contemporary tank armaments, as the 75 mm could fire high-explosive rounds for against infantry and anti-tank guns, yet could also fire a shell with a high enough velocity for anti-tank purposes.

The M3's faults were the high profile and the sponson mount for its main armament. The M3 was 10 ft. 3 in. tall, a feet taller than the M2 medium tank. The 75 mm on a sponson mount meant that the main armament of the tank had a limited traverse compared to a rotatable turret and forced the tank to reveal much of its body in order to aim the gun at the enemy. The M3 was also constructed out of rivets (which increased spalling) and had a smooth track design which reduced ground traction. Despite these disadvantages, the British happily accepted them as they were critically low on tanks. German Colonel Hans von Luck said he even considered them superior to the Panzer IVs.

The M3 first saw service with the British in the campaign for North Africa beginning in May, 1942. Those that had been made with a British-designed turret were identified as "Grant", whereas an additional quantity that were Lend-Leased to the British later on with the standard U.S turret were named "Lee." The British cast turret on the Grant was considered superior in terms of frontal protection and replaced the American smoke dischargers with a British smoke mortar, but did not have the cupola or cupola MG of the Lee. The Grant also moved the radio into the turret, removing the need for a separate radio operator position in the hull (the Americans would later do this with their M3s as well). Their baptism of fire was the Gazala battles, where 167 Grants were present with 1st and 7th Armoured Divisions. Regiments with Grants were initially organized on a 2:1 Grants-to-Stuarts, or a 2:1 Crusaders-to-Grants basis, but by 2nd Alamein in October, 1942, Shermans had also been added into that mix. Still, over 170 Grants or Lees were in the line for that battle. There were 3 tanks in a Grant/Lee troop. By May, 1943, all British Grants and Lees were replaced with newer tanks, mostly the Sherman.

Production on the Lee had begun in August 1941. A majority of these were completed at Baldwin Locomotive Works in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. The British would receive more than their original order of 1,250 tanks. Of the total 6,258 M3s built by the US between start up to the end of production in December 1942, 2,855 units (over 1,600 Grants, and over 1,200 Lees) went to the British and 1,386 Lees went to the Soviet Union, were they served until 1943 before being replaced. A mix of Grants ahd Lees were also used by the Australians and Indians in the India-Burma theater, beginning in December, 1943, serving there until the end of the war with Japan. The M3 risked causing confusion in British service as the same "M3" designation was given to the M3 Light Tank. This set off their tradition of naming American-made tanks after generals, where the M3 medium tank earned the name Lee for the American-turret variant (Grant for the British variant) and the M3 light tank was called the Stuart. Americans did not use these names themselves, only starting to name their tanks after the war.

Combat usage

Combat experience with the M3 Lee was complicated, but favorable. In Africa, the Lees and Grants in British and American service surprised the German forces when they could withstand the 50 mm KwK 38 L/42 gun and 75 mm KwK 37 L/24 howitzer armament on the Panzer IIIs and Panzer IVs. The M3 Lee proved reliable and adequate in armour protection. The Soviet's experience with the M3 Lee was less favorable, as their T-34 tanks were much better in combat performance. The Soviets euphemistically called it a "grave for six men" and the Lee tanks were relegated to the secondary fronts or repurposed as armoured personnel carriers. In the Pacific, the M3 Lees were lent to the Australians and Indians, which proved vastly superior to the Japanese tanks in service. The only American use of the M3 Lee at the Pacific Theater was during the Battle of Makin Island.

The M3 Lee served fine as a stop gap solution for the American tank development. They performed very well on the combat field and proved very reliable. However, once a 75 mm turret was finally designed, the M3 Lee was redesigned to use it, and the resulting tank was the M4 Sherman, which will go on to replace the M3 tanks in the Allies as they are withdrawn from service. Even if it wasn't, the M3 was becoming obsolete due to newer German tanks being deployed, such as the Panther, Tiger I, or improvement of of old chassis like Panzer IV Ausf. G and StuG III Ausf. F. Its obsolescence was a consequence of its own rather unique development and anachronistic design, limiting this medium tank's service life to a mere two years in Allied hands. However it lived on until the end of WW2 in the Far East, where it remained superior to Japanese tanks and was ideal as infantry support, for which it had been designed. Approximately 1700 were transferred as soon as they were replaced in North Africa. It also continued in use after modifications such as tractor and recovery vehicles. The chassis and running gear were adapted by the Canadians to develop their Ram medium tank.

An anecdote

"The 75 (mm gun) is firing. The 37 (mm gun) is firing, but it is traversed round the wrong way. The Browning (machine gun) is jammed. I am saying ‘Driver advance’ on the A set and the driver, who can’t hear me, is reversing. And as I look over the top of the turret and see twelve enemy tanks fifty yards away, someone hands me a cheese sandwich.” —British Lieutenant Ken Giles, tank commander of a M3 Grant

Media

• Skins and camouflages for the Grant Mk.I from live.warthunder.com.

The M3 Lee → and M3 Grant in the North Africa Theater.

Bovington Tank Museum Tank Chats: M3 Grant

See also

• M3 Lee - Standard American variant with the smaller turret.
• Grant I - The Grant I in the American tech tree.
• M3 Medium (USSR) - The M3 Lee in the USSR tech tree.

External links

Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:

• topic on the official game forum;
• encyclopedia page on tank;
• other literature.