Custom skins

If you are bored with the look of your favorite vehicles and the available in-game camouflages are not quite right for your vehicle - a custom camouflage can be a good solution to creating a unique look for your vehicle.

You can always find interesting camouflages on the War Thunder LIVE or create your own. Custom camouflage will be set locally which means it is only visible to the player creating it themselves. For others, the tank or aircraft will remain in the camouflage that has been selected in the “Customization” menu as the basis for custom camouflage.

It is also possible to purchase camouflage for your vehicle on the War Thunder market. This camouflage will be visible to all players in battle.

How to setup custom camouflage

Select the tank or aircraft on which you want to update the camouflage, open the “Customization” menu and click on the button to create an example of camouflage.

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Then head to the folder with the installed War Thunder client and do the following:

1. Follow the path: War Thunder → UserSkins → *previously received folder name* (in example: template_ussr_t_34_85_d_5t).
2. If you want to install camouflage from War Thunder LIVE you need simply delete all the the contents of the folder then download the unique camo you like from live.warthunder.com and copy into the folder the contents of the archive, which will consist of several .dds or .tga files, as well as the camouflage configuration file "vehicle_name.blk".

• If you want to create your own camouflage then proceed to editing already contained in the folder simple graphic files in .tga format. By default a texture will be created for tanks, which will be applied to all elements of the tank.

Return to the client and update the list of available camouflages by pressing the appropriate button.

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If you have done everything correctly, the camouflage you downloaded will be displayed in the list of custom camouflages when you click on it. Install it.

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The War Thunder developers periodically refine and update 3D models of vehicles in the game. Custom camouflages for such vehicles may need to be corrected in order to correctly display the custom camouflages created prior to the model update.

How to create camouflage

Creating tank camouflage

Here we will take a look at three options for creating camouflages in order of complexity:

• Scalable camouflage (via replace_tex)
• Fixed camouflage (via set_tex)
• Combined camouflage (via set_tex with replace_tex elements) — Coming Soon!

Scalable camouflage

Let's start with the simplest one. As an example, we will make a scalable camouflage for the T-34-85 (D-5T).

Using the "Create Camouflage Example" function in the customization menu and finding these files in the UserSkins folder in the root of the game, we can start editing them.

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We will need the two files marked in green.

• ussr_camo_green.tga - can be edited in almost any picture editor.
• ussr_t_34_85_d_5t.blk - we may not need it, but it can also be opened and edited by almost any text editor.

Opening ussr_camo_green.tga in the photo editor we will see the standard camouflage for the tank.

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We can start editing immediately: let's draw some orange stripes as an example.

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We can save the camouflage and see what we get. For simplicity save it in the same format and with the same name: ussr_camo_green.tga. So our new texture replaces the old one.

Back in the game, you don't need to close it, pressing "Update custom camouflage list" will update all textures.

Just don't click on the "create camouflage example" again! If you do that, all textures will be overwritten and your changes will not be saved!

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Then select our camouflage from the drop-down list and immediately see the result:

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  Vehicle in new camouflage

We can scale, rotate and change the state of the camouflage, just like with the other available camouflages in the game.

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Note: Right away that for camouflage to work properly, the texture must be seamless. If this is not taken into account, such inconsistencies may occur:

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  Uneven joint on texture

There are quite a few guides on how to make seamless textures on the internet, it won't be hard to find it.

It is also worth mentioning that the texture may have a different name or even a different resolution.

In this case we will need to put this texture in the folder with the other textures and replace the name of the old texture in the .blk file with the new one.

For example, we have the new_tex.dds texture. We put it in the template_ussr_t_34_85_d_5t folder and in ussr_t_34_85_d_5t.blk replace ussr_camo_green.tga with new_tex.dds:

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Congratulations, we have made our first camouflage!

Before we move on to a higher level in creating camouflages, a few points should be noted:

• The camouflage texture must be square.
• The texture side must be 128; 256; 512; 1024; 2048; 4096px.
• Basic textures of vehicles are best executed in a resolution no lower than 2048px on the largest side!

Possible errors

Some ground vehicles may have textures that look like this after creation:

This can be fixed in two ways:

1. Edit blk
2. Edit textures

How to edit blk To do this, we will need a camouflage blk file (in this case template_ussr_t_80 / ussr_t_80.blk). In it, we remove all textures except our scalable camouflage and save.

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This method is suitable if you only want to use scalable camouflage. This method is not suitable for fixed camouflage, but we will cover that next.

How to edit textures

1. Open the textures of the hull, turret and cannon:

   

2. Find the alpha channel of the texture:

   

3. Black out the alpha channel on all textures and save.
4. Update in game!
5. Done!

Scalable texture and alpha channel.

Let's take it up a notch! Let's say we have an inscription that we want to put on the tank. Let it be... "Camouflage". But if we will use the previous method, so the inscription will appear in an unclear place and, most likely, will be stretched...

Let's go back to our T-34-85 and try to make it look nice. Let's place this inscription on the turret.

1. Open the texture of the turret t_34_85_d5t_turret.tga.
2. We see a rendering of the texture of the turret. With a little skill we can guess which part of the texture is responsible for what.
3. Place the inscription on the turret where we want it:

Now we need to make it visible.

By default the alpha channel of the texture is black, which means that this texture is completely transparent and does not affect the camouflage. If we make the alpha channel white (i.e. completely opaque), this texture will completely cover our scalable camouflage.

This is what it would look like if we fill the "alpha" of the tower texture with white:

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Therefore, in order to make only our inscription appear, it is necessary to paint only the area where our inscription is on the texture in "alpha" white.

Save, check the result in the game. Don't forget to press "Update custom camouflage list"!

The inscription has appeared and is not affected by rotation, scaling and our scalable camouflage! It will always be in the same place on the tower!

The alpha channel doesn't have to be white or black. You can use different greyscales to get a semi-transparent or uneven overlay. For example, if you make the lettering grey rather than white in the "alpha", our scalable camouflage will partially shine through from underneath it.

Why do we need this apart from proper inscriptions and decals?

For example, we don't need camouflage to be applied to the rollers... or the turret roof... Find these parts of the tank in the textures, create them the desired color and paint these parts white in the alpha channel.

There is plenty to experiment with, try it out and find interesting solutions! In the meantime, we will go one step further and move on to fully fixed camouflages.

Fixed camouflage

This is going to be a little more difficult. It takes a lot of care and probably a lot of time. But camouflages of this type get into Camouflage Trophies, and their creators get a royalty on each sold key to such trophies. You can also apply in-game decals to these camouflages!

We have already familiarized ourselves with the textures of individual parts of the tank, now let's talk about them in more detail and create a simple camouflage for the same T-34-85. For example, we will make it in a grey fill with orange stripes at the joints of the armour plates.

But a bit of theory. Fixed camouflage cannot be rotated and scaled. All the necessary texture elements have to be applied manually to the corresponding parts of the albedo texture of the machine element.

Albedo texture — is the texture responsible for color and transparency. The Red, Green and Blue channels are responsible for color and Alpha for transparency. There is also a normal map texture. This is not only responsible for normals, but also for smoothness and metallicity. НBut we will talk about “_n” textures later.

We will create everything from scratch.

1. Create an example of camouflage.
2. Find our textures in the root folder of the game.
3. We will start with editing the tower: open the t_34_85_d5t_turret.tga texture and immediately completely white out all the alpha-channel.

After updating in the game we will see the following picture:

Let’s to the RGB layers and will now work with them.

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Focusing on the texture elements, create orange stripes at the joints of the armour.

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Fill the rest with gray ¯\_(ツ)_/¯

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Save under the same name and format with a replacement, update the camouflage in the game and get the result:

All other parts of the tank can be made by analogy:

• t_34_85_d5t_gun.tga
• t_34_85_d5t_body.tga

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We have got a great* camouflage!

You can download other players' camouflages from Live WT and see how they are made, there are many interesting things to discover.

Players also join camouflage authoring communities such as LNC and Slayer's Workshop. There experienced authors can help you if you can't figure something out, or teach you new tricks and techniques when working with camouflages.

The fixed camouflage method is used to make most camouflages on the Live WT. The quality of a camouflage is often directly related to the time it takes to create it. Some authors spend months gathering materials for historical camouflages and rendering them! Or very detailed and meticulous work on semi historical and fictional camouflages.

Working with Camouflage Nets

Starting from the Dance of Dragons update, tanks with camouflage nets are being switched to a new shader for texturing camouflage nets. In the Dance of Dragons update, the Vextra 105 and T-80U-E1 switched to the new system, and starting from the Firebirds update, all new vehicles with camouflage nets will be added with the new texturing system.

Camouflage nets now inherit the base texture of the camouflage instead of having its own fixed color.

Let’s use the Leopard 2A4M (germ_leopard_2a4m_can) as an example. In the resulting camouflage the net color is determined by the base texture, in this case ger_camo_bronzegruen.

Here’s the camouflage we get by default:

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By changing it, we’ll change the camouflage of the entire tank, including the net.

For example, let’s create a simple ornament of grey and dark green lines instead of using solid grey color.

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Here’s the result:

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To make the textures of the rest of the tank separate from the camouflage net pattern, create or take the necessary textures for the gun, turret, and hull from the SDK and add them to the tank's camouflage using set_tex. The areas of the texture covered in white in the alpha channel will completely overlap the base pattern.

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Here you can see that we applied a grey and green camouflage while keeping the tank in another desired color.

You can use this camouflage added to the game through the UGC program as an example: it features a fully custom net and hull textures.

There is also an option to work with texture replacement via the shader, but it is currently unavailable for custom camouflages. More detailed information about working with the shader will be provided later.

Classification of camouflage by historicity

Semi-historical, historical, fictional camouflages? Why classify them and how do they differ?

The camouflage classification is for the convenience of Live WT players. Some people for example only want to see historical camouflages on their vehicles, and such labels make it easier to find suitable work.

Such a label helps in the selection of camouflage for the market. And for the camouflage that got on the market it determines the visibility of the camouflage for other players in battle.

You can change this in the menu Settings - Customization of Vehicles

• Historical camouflage — camouflage, which has a real-life prototype that served in the army. It is important that the prototype must have the same modification as the vehicle for which the camouflage was made in the game.

For example if a camouflage was made for the F-4C, and the QF-4B was chosen as the reference, then it would be a semi historical camouflage.

• Semi Historical camouflage — if the camouflage was taken from another vehicle model of the same or a close time period, and also if the camouflage was applied to a vehicle that was not listed as active in the army (museum exhibits and racing camouflages).
• Fictional camouflage — everything else.

Work with blk

Let's talk a little more about the camouflage .blk file. It determines which textures to replace with new ones.

For example let's take something more impressive than the T-34-85, let it be the Abrams M1A1 HC. We will be working in Visual Studio Code for this example, but almost any other text editor can be used.

Having created an example of camouflage, we will see:

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• leopard_2a4_blade.tga — dump albedo texture
• m1a1_abrams_ammo_box.tga — albedo texture of a box with a machine gun belt
• m1a1_abrams_body.tga — hull albedo texture
• m1a1_abrams_body_add.tga — albedo texture of mounted armor
• m1a1_abrams_gun.tga — cannon albedo texture
• m1a1_abrams_turret.tga — turret albedo texture
• m1a1_hc_abrams_turret.tga — albedo texture for additional turret elements
• mg_m240.tga — albedo texture of the anti-aircraft machine gun
• us_camo_modern_green.tga— scalable camouflage texture
• us_m1a1_hc_abrams.blk — camouflage config file, which will be discussed now
• us_m1a1_hc_abrams_phys_track.tga — track albedo texture

Let's talk about us_m1a1_hc_abrams.blk. In it we see:

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First, let's note that us_camo_modern_green.tga is in the set_tex block, and all other textures are in the replace_tex block.

name:t="user"		// It just has to be here

replace_tex {		// Scalable camouflage
  from:t="us_camo_olive*"		// Replacement texture
  to:t="us_camo_modern_green.tga"	// New texture
}

set_tex {		// Fixed camouflage
  from:t="m1a1_abrams_body_c*"		// Replacement texture
  to:t="m1a1_abrams_body.tga"		// New texture
  param:t="camo_skin_tex"		// Required parameter for set_tex, it won't work without it
}

The texture of a separate part of the tank (turret, hull...) can also be made using replace_tex without the param:t="camo_skin_tex" parameter. But then the alpha channel of the texture should be made black, and game decals will not be applied to the camouflage. But it still won't scale or rotate.

Normal textures will be written via replace_tex.

Work with assetviewer

Assetviewer — part of the War Thunder CDK.

With the help of Assetviewer, you can get the necessary textures for vehicles.

Working with Normal Maps

As mentioned above, normal maps allow you to adjust the smoothness, metallicity and relief of the texture. Normal maps usually have an "_n" in their texture name.

Tank normal maps will not be automatically uploaded when creating a camouflage example and can be accessed via assetviewer. For aircraft they will be unloaded along with albedo textures.

Let’s continue to work with our T-34-85. We can get the normal maps we need from the assetviewer and upgrade them or make them from scratch based on the albedo texture.

Let's say we got the normal maps through the assetviewer. For each albedo texture there is a corresponding normal map.

• For t_34_85_d5t_body.tga — t_34_85_d5t_body_n.tga
• For t_34_85_d5t_turret.tga — t_34_85_d5t_turret_n.tga
• And so on.

In the received example, normal maps for ground vehicles and ships will not be specified in the camouflage config. But you can write them yourself. For example, to add a turret normal map for the T-34-85, you need to add the normal texture to the folder with the rest of the textures and add it to the camouflage config (.blk).

replace_tex{
  from:t="t_34_85_d5t_turret_n*"
  to:t="t_34_85_d5t_turret_n.dds"
}

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It is important that the file name and extension exactly match the specified file in the config!

For example consider t_34_85_d5t_turret_n.tga — the normal map of the tower. We see the following:

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Here all the work takes place in separate channels, each of which is responsible for its own parameter:

• Red — smoothness
• Green — x normal
• Blue — metallicity
• Alpha 1 — y normal

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The closer to black, the weaker the effect. For example a completely black Red channel on a texture will make the car matte. And completely white - glossy. Normals (Green and Alpha 1 channels) allow you to make bumps. Their base color is grey.

Let's go back to our gray-orange skin on the T-34-85 and try each layer individually. Let's start with Red - smoothness. By default, the red channel looks like this:

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And this is what the turret looks like:

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But if we paint it white (that is, turn the smoothness to the maximum), we will get:

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And vice versa, if we paint it black:

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Everything is exactly the same with the metallicity map (Blue).

With the “Wind of Change” update the game has incorporated a new rendering system. The advantage of this being an extended range in the “smoothness” textures, allowing for a more natural reproduction of smooth and rough materials. This will especially affect the use of heavy roughness. In connection with this, there have been changes in the technology for camouflage creation. In the normal texture (_n, _n_dmg) the red channel that previously was responsible for smoothness of the texture, is now stored inverted roughness. The old smoothness channel has been converted to the new inverted roughness by the formula: inverted roughness = 1 - (1-0.7*smoothness)^3

Note how the normal layers (Green and Alpha 1) work. The base color is grey, which simply means the surface is flat. The lighter, the surface will be more convex, the darker, on the contrary, more hollow.

For example let's flatten completely the turret of our T-34-85 by making both layers of normals evenly grey.

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We equalized the normals of the tower and we get a perfectly smooth tower without seams or chipping:

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Camouflages for aircraft

Creating an aircraft skin is almost the same thing as creating a tank skin. The main difference is, it is impossible to create a scalable skin, only a fixed one. Everything else is the same as for ground vehicles and ships.

Each aircraft has two main textures: 1. Albedo texture of an aircraft (e.g., su_25.tga) 2. Normal map of an aircraft (e.g., su_25_n.tga)

In most cases, these two textures alone will be sufficient.

The main texture does not include the textures for the pylons, the interior of the cockpit and the afterburner flame texture for the jet engines. These can be obtained through Assetviewer.

In the “Apex Predators” update for PCs, the _dmg textures of aircraft and helicopters have been replaced by damage decals. But _dmg textures are still required for consoles, where damage is displayed the old way.

Naval camouflages

This will be done in the same way as tank camouflages.

Helicopter camouflages

This will be done in the same way as aircraft camouflages.

Requirements for market

Camouflage published on the WT Live page may qualify for selection for Camouflage Trophies.

Camouflages need to meet several technical and formal requirements.

Technical:

• Camouflage should be published on the WT Live in the camouflage section (https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/).
• The resolution of the camouflage texture must be in multiples of 8. Permitted texture sizes on the largest side: 128; 256; 512; 1024; 2048; 4096 and 8192 px (8192 px only for the texture of high rank (VI+ rank) aircraft and bombers).
• Textures for ground vehicles should be made with the obligatory possibility of applying decals (see fixed camouflage). Diffuse texture should be done via set_tex, not via replace_tex. It is allowed to combine fixed and scalable camouflage.
• The title picture of the topic will be chosen as cover for the camouflage. It must have a horizontal format and have a proportion of 16x9. If the title picture doesn't meet the requirements another suitable picture from the topic will be chosen.
• Camouflage textures should be in .dds or .tga format. The dds format is recommended, as it is more compact.
• It is not allowed to change cockpit and engine flame textures.

Formal:

• Camouflage must not violate WT Live WT rules.
• Camouflages containing intellectual property will not be considered for trophy selection. Check for copyrights on decals, logos, drawings, and patterns. Often festival camouflages and pilot group camouflages have active copyrights!
• Aircraft identification marks of the countries of the fascist/Nazi bloc must not contain prohibited symbols. The use of harmonized identification marks is recommended (link).

Links

• Custom gray hangar
• Gaijin Contribution Agreement
• Market
• What is market