Difference between revisions of "SIDAM 25 (Mistral)"

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{{Specs-Card|code=it_otobreda_sidam_25_mistral}}
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{{About
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| about = Italian SPAA '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
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| other
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| usage-1 = the version without [[Mistral SATCP]] missiles
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| link-1 = SIDAM 25
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| usage-2 = other versions
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| link-2 = M113 (Family)
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}}
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{{Specs-Card
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|code=it_otobreda_sidam_25_mistral
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|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}
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}}
  
 
== Description ==
 
== Description ==
 
<!-- ''In the description, the first part should be about the history of the creation and combat usage of the vehicle, as well as its key features. In the second part, tell the reader about the ground vehicle in the game. Insert a screenshot of the vehicle, so that if the novice player does not remember the vehicle by name, he will immediately understand what kind of vehicle the article is talking about.'' -->
 
<!-- ''In the description, the first part should be about the history of the creation and combat usage of the vehicle, as well as its key features. In the second part, tell the reader about the ground vehicle in the game. Insert a screenshot of the vehicle, so that if the novice player does not remember the vehicle by name, he will immediately understand what kind of vehicle the article is talking about.'' -->
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[[File:GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg|420px|thumb|left]]
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The SIDAM 25 is an Italian anti-air platform developed by OTO Melara during the Cold War. Based on the M113A1 platform, the SIDAM 25 was primarily designed to fulfill the short-range air defense needs of the Italian army. The Italian army initially showed interest in the [[OTOMATIC]] anti-air platform; however, due to factors such as cost, the SIDAM 25 was chosen instead. One of its main drawbacks was that it lacked a radar system unlike other anti-air platforms of the era. A total of 275 systems were ordered. In the late 2010s, the SIDAM 25 began to be phased out, with most units being used to arm the Freccia IFV with a 25 mm cannon. The SIDAM 25 (Mistral) was a sole prototype created to test the capability of the Mistral SAM on the SIDAM 25 platform, and as a last ditch effort for OTO Melara to upgrade the SIDAMs so they could remain in service and not be completely obsolete.
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{{break}}
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The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} Italian SPAA {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.91 "Night Vision"]].
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Introduced in [[Update 1.91 "Night Vision"]], the SIDAM 25 is equipped with 4 x 25 mm Oerlikon KBA cannons able to fire both HEI-T* and APDS rounds. The high fire density of this SPAA allows it to destroy planes within seconds, often requiring only a few hits to bring down the target. The HEI-T rounds in the M792 belt contain a TNT equivalent of 54.4 grams in each projectile, with a high muzzle velocity of 1,100 m/s, making it easier to lead targets. However, the standard belts lack armour-penetrating rounds, so your maximum penetration remains at 3 mm until you unlock the M791 belt (APDS). Once the M791 belt is unlocked, defeating tanks becomes much easier, thanks to the 81 mm of penetration at 10 metres and a muzzle velocity of 1,345 m/s. The potential of the platform is however severely limited by the maximum capacity of 660 rounds (165 per gun). It is important to be very careful with your ammunition considering the fire rate and the small ammunition capacity, giving approximately 18 seconds of continuous fire. However, once your rounds hit their target, there is little that can survive. Helicopters and aircraft will be brought down with ease if you remain undetected. The platform's mobility is just sufficient to reach desired positions, but its large size makes it difficult to go unnoticed on the battlefield. The SIDAM 25 also lacks sufficient armour protection, as heavy machine guns can easily penetrate it. The 6 surface-to-air Mistral missiles can prove highly effective against low-flying aircraft and helicopters that venture too close to the battlefield. However, these aircraft often possess countermeasures that can prevent the missile from hitting its target. To maximize the chances of a successful hit, it is advisable to launch the missile while the target is preoccupied, or pair the missile with your main cannons to increase the likelihood of hitting the target.
  
 
== General info ==
 
== General info ==
 
=== Survivability and armour ===
 
=== Survivability and armour ===
 +
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}
 
<!-- ''Describe armour protection. Note the most well protected and key weak areas. Appreciate the layout of modules as well as the number and location of crew members. Is the level of armour protection sufficient, is the placement of modules helpful for survival in combat? If necessary use a visual template to indicate the most secure and weak zones of the armour.'' -->
 
<!-- ''Describe armour protection. Note the most well protected and key weak areas. Appreciate the layout of modules as well as the number and location of crew members. Is the level of armour protection sufficient, is the placement of modules helpful for survival in combat? If necessary use a visual template to indicate the most secure and weak zones of the armour.'' -->
  
 
'''Armour type:'''
 
'''Armour type:'''
  
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*Aluminium Alloy 7039
+
* Aluminium Alloy 7039
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*Structural steel
 
−
*Steel (Cannons and Missile Launchers)
 
  
 
{| class="wikitable"
 
{| class="wikitable"
 
|-
 
|-
−
!Armour!!Front (Slope angle)!!Sides!!Rear!!Roof
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! Armour !! Front (Slope angle) !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof
 
|-
 
|-
−
|Hull||38 mm (46°), 29 mm (46°) ''Front glacis''
+
| Hull || 38 mm (46°), 29 mm (46°) ''Front glacis'' <br> 38 mm (25°) ''Lower glacis'' || 44 mm ''Top'' <br> 32 mm ''Bottom'' || 38 mm (10°)||38 mm (89°) ''Front'' <br> 38 mm (89°) ''Rear''
−
38 mm (25°) ''Lower glacis''  
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|-
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|44 mm ''Top''  
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| Turret || 38 mm (24°) ''Turret front'' <br> 25 mm (1°) ''Gun mantlet'' || 25 mm (0°) || 25 mm (1°) || 25 mm (89°)
−
32 mm ''Bottom''
 
−
|38 mm (10°)||38 mm (89°) ''Front''  
 
−
38 mm (89°) ''Rear''  
 
 
|-
 
|-
−
|Turret||38 mm (24°) ''Turret front''
 
−
25 mm (1°) ''Gun mantlet''
 
−
|25 mm (0°)||25 mm (1°)||25 mm (89°)
 
 
|}
 
|}
 +
'''Notes:'''
 +
 +
* Suspension wheels are 10 mm thick and tracks are 15 mm thick.
  
 
=== Mobility ===
 
=== Mobility ===
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{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}
 
<!-- ''Write about the mobility of the ground vehicle. Estimate the specific power and manoeuvrability, as well as the maximum speed forwards and backwards.'' -->
 
<!-- ''Write about the mobility of the ground vehicle. Estimate the specific power and manoeuvrability, as well as the maximum speed forwards and backwards.'' -->
  
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{{tankMobility|abMinHp= 301|rbMinHp= 188}}
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{{tankMobility|abMinHp=301|rbMinHp=188}}
 +
 
 +
=== Modifications and economy ===
 +
{{Specs-Economy}}
  
 
== Armaments ==
 
== Armaments ==
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{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}
 
=== Main armament ===
 
=== Main armament ===
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<!--''Give the reader information about the characteristics of the main gun. Assess its effectiveness in a battle based on the reloading speed, ballistics and the power of shells. Do not forget about the flexibility of the fire, that is how quickly the cannon can be aimed at the target, open fire on it and aim at another enemy. Add a link to the main article on the gun: <code><nowiki>{{main|Name of the weapon}}</nowiki></code>. Describe in general terms the ammunition available for the main gun. Advise about how to use them and how to fill the ammunition storage.''-->
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{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|2}}
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<!-- ''Give the reader information about the characteristics of the main gun. Assess its effectiveness in a battle based on the reloading speed, ballistics and the power of shells. Do not forget about the flexibility of the fire, that is how quickly the cannon can be aimed at the target, open fire on it and aim at another enemy. Add a link to the main article on the gun: <code><nowiki>{{main|Name of the weapon}}</nowiki></code>. Describe in general terms the ammunition available for the main gun. Give advice on how to use them and how to fill the ammunition storage.'' -->
 
{{main|Oerlikon KBA (25 mm)}}
 
{{main|Oerlikon KBA (25 mm)}}
  
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The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is outfitted with the following offensive weapons:
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The SIDAM 25 (Mistral) is armed with 4 x 25 mm cannons, with the main purpose of destroying aircraft. Like almost all SPAA armaments, these cannons are not designed to disable or destroy tanks. It is capable of destroying other SPAA, and some SPGs, but it is limited in its anti-tank effectiveness. It carries 660 rounds in total, giving 165 rounds per cannon.
  
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* 4 x 25 mm Oerlikon KBA autocannons (215 RPG - 660 total)
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{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
 +
|-
 +
! colspan="6" | [[Oerlikon KBA (25 mm)|25 mm Oerlikon KBA]] (x4) || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)
 +
|-
 +
! Mode !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
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! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
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! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced
 +
|-
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! ''Arcade''
 +
| rowspan="2" | 660 (150) || rowspan="2" | 550 || rowspan="2" | -5°/+87° || rowspan="2" | ±180° || rowspan="2" | Two-plane || 105.7 || 146.3 || 177.6 || 196.4 || 208.9 || rowspan="2" | 1.30 || rowspan="2" | 1.15 || rowspan="2" | 1.06 || rowspan="2" | 1.00
 +
|-
 +
! ''Realistic''
 +
| 71.4 || 84.0 || 102.0 || 112.8 || 120.0
 +
|-
 +
|}
  
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The SIDAM 25 (Mistral) is armed with 4 x 25 mm cannons, with the main purpose of destroying aircraft. Like almost all SPAA armaments, these cannons are not designed to disable or destroy tanks. It is capable of destroying other SPAA, and some SPGs, but it is limited in its anti-tank effectiveness. It carries 660 rounds for each cannon, giving a total of 2,640 rounds.
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==== Ammunition ====
 +
{{:Oerlikon KBA (25 mm)/Ammunition|M792, M791}}
 +
 
 +
==== [[Ammo racks]] ====
 +
[[File:Ammoracks_{{PAGENAME}}.png|right|thumb|x250px|[[Ammo racks]] of the {{PAGENAME}}]]
 +
<!-- '''Last updated: 2.5.1.138''' -->
 +
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
 +
|-
 +
! Full<br>ammo
 +
! 1st<br>rack empty
 +
! Visual<br>discrepancy
 +
|-
 +
| '''8''' || 0&nbsp;''(+8)'' || No
 +
|-
 +
|}
  
 
=== Additional armament ===
 
=== Additional armament ===
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<!--''Some tanks are armed with several guns in one or more turrets. Evaluate the additional weaponry and give advice on its use. Describe the ammunition available for additional weaponry. Give advice on about how to use them and how to fill the ammunition storage. If there is no additional weaponry remove this subsection.''-->
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{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}
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<!-- ''Some tanks are armed with several guns in one or more turrets. Evaluate the additional weaponry and give advice on its use. Describe the ammunition available for additional weaponry. Give advice on about how to use them and how to fill the ammunition storage. If there is no additional weaponry remove this subsection.'' -->
 
{{main|Mistral SATCP}}
 
{{main|Mistral SATCP}}
  
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The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is outfitted with the following additional armament:
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The SIDAM also possesses 6 surface-to-air (SAM) launchers, for its Mistral missiles. These can be guided by the Optical tracking system onto the target and have an approximate effective range of 4 km. However jets will most likely to evade the missiles if fired from this range, so it is suggested that you wait to fire these at a closer range than 4 km where it will be more difficult for them to react and evade.
  
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* 6 x Mistral SATCP Surface-to-Air missiles
+
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
 +
|-
 +
! colspan="5" | [[Mistral SATCP]] missile
 +
|-
 +
! Capacity (Belt) !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer
 +
|-
 +
| 6 (6) || -5°/+87° || ±180° || Two-plane
 +
|-
 +
|}
  
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The SIDAM also possesses 6 surface-to-air (SAM) Launchers, for its Mistral missiles. These can be guided by the Optical tracking system onto the target and have an approximate effective range of 4 km. However jets will most likely to evade the missiles if fired from this range, so it is suggested that you wait to fire these at a closer range than 4 km where it will be more difficult for them to react and evade. The history section (at the bottom of this page) suggests that using the cannon at short range, and missiles for longer range targets, is the best tactic.
+
==== Ammunition ====
 +
{{:Mistral SATCP/Ammunition|Mistral SATCP}}
 +
 
 +
==== [[Ammo racks]] ====
 +
[[File:Ammoracks_{{PAGENAME}}.png|right|thumb|x250px|[[Ammo racks]] of the {{PAGENAME}}]]
 +
<!-- '''Last updated: 2.5.1.138''' -->
 +
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
 +
|-
 +
! Full<br>ammo
 +
! 1st<br>rack empty
 +
! Visual<br>discrepancy
 +
|-
 +
| '''6''' || 0&nbsp;''(+6)'' || No
 +
|-
 +
|}
 +
 
 +
* It is not possible to select how many missiles are taken into battle.
 +
* Missiles launch from left to right.
  
 
== Usage in battles ==
 
== Usage in battles ==
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<!--''Describe the tactics of playing in the vehicle, the features of using vehicles in the team and advice on tactics. Refrain from creating a "guide" - do not impose a single point of view but instead give the reader food for thought. Describe the most dangerous enemies and give recommendations on fighting them. If necessary, note the specifics of the game in different modes (AB, RB, SB).''-->
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<!-- ''Describe the tactics of playing in the vehicle, the features of using vehicles in the team and advice on tactics. Refrain from creating a "guide" - do not impose a single point of view but instead give the reader food for thought. Describe the most dangerous enemies and give recommendations on fighting them. If necessary, note the specifics of the game in different modes (AB, RB, SB).'' -->
 +
 
 +
The SIDAM 25 can be quite deadly when used right, players who have unlocked this machine will get to experience for the first time in the tree, an anti-air vehicle with firepower that rivals or in some instances, is more effective than other nations counterparts. The best way to play with the SIDAM 25 is to play very defensively. Due to it being based on the widespread chassis known as the M113, the SIDAM sadly does not have the best performance on or off road, even a small incline will seriously impact your overall mobility when using the vehicle. It is best to stick to flat ground where your vehicle can be much easier to control. The M113 also does not have the best survivability, so in that the SIDAM also sadly suffers in that area, so it is best to stick with more protected teammates or to flat out stay away from any type of enemy ground vehicles. Artillery will also be able to pressure damage you so in that case you should try your best to move away and avoid getting hit by it in the first place.
  
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The SIDAM, with its optronic guidance and a powerful arsenal of weaponry, is more than capable of taking down most aircraft within range. Helicopters, with their flare, present an issue for the missiles, but unlike the Stormer HVM, the SIDAM has guns! This allows you to dispatch a helicopter with ease, although you may choose to fire missiles to take down a particularly experienced player, as this will not only give you an opportunity to kill him, your teammates may be able to take him down. The SIDAM, like most other anti-aircraft vehicles, has virtually no useful armour and is very susceptible to incoming fire including some heavy machine gun rounds. Fortunately, it has a reasonable range, so it should be able to protect its team from a distance. As the history does point out, the crews assigned to this vehicle tended to fire missiles at long-range targets and then utilised the cannons at closer targets. Unfortunately, its missiles launchers, although a great asset, is also on the top of the turret, leaving them very exposed. Much like most anti-aircraft and missile tanks, if these missiles are hit while still in the launchers, they will most likely detonate and cause damage to the vehicle.
+
In case any vehicles breach your defenses you do have access to a small amount of APDS rounds, they might be able to deal with lightly armoured vehicles, and for the more heavier and protected vehicles, the APDS will at times penetrate and damage enemy tanks. The SIDAM 25's APDS can penetrate up to 81 mm of armour. Do keep in mind that the APDS is a tier 3 modification so you'll have to research it before having access to it. Due to the very low amount you have access to it is highly advised you use it strictly only for self defense, going on the attack with APDS will not usually work out for you, especially on the SIDAM considering the factors mentioned earlier: being slow, and not having very good mobility, not being very survivable, and overall being a very big target are all downsides for the SIDAM 25. You can negate the APDS shortage by being close to a capture point, as not only will it replenish your main ammunition to keep you focused on shooting down air targets, but it will allow you to be a bit more wild with the APDS, as you'll be able to quickly replenish it easily, to allow you to last longer on the battlefield. So overall for the SIDAM, the best tactic is to try your best to remain or at least be near a capture point.
 +
 
 +
In the anti-air sector, the SIDAM 25 sadly does not have access to a radar, unlike other nations' counterparts at the battle rating. What you do have access to however is an optronic tracking system, which allows targets to be tracked, and provides one of the most most accurate lead indicators for any vehicle. This will allow you to predict flight paths of any enemy air vehicles you'll be facing. Another great thing about the optronic system, is that it cannot be detected by radar warning receivers on enemy aircraft, making it much easier for you to target them, and hopefully take them out with a quick barrage of you main gun. Speaking of which, the SIDAM's main armament consists of 4 x 25 mm guns, they have a combined firepower of 2200 rounds per minute; more than enough to deal with most of the aircraft you'll face. You also have access to a two-plane stabilizer, which will furthermore aid you in firefights against both ground and air vehicles.
 +
 
 +
In terms of the Matra Mistral launchers it has access to, although at times these can prove to be a great asset, they also positioned on the top of the turret, leaving them very exposed. Much like most anti-aircraft and missile vehicles, if these missiles are hit while still in the launchers, they will most likely detonate and cause damage to the vehicle. They are best used when low flying aircraft are inbound, or when they have just pulled up from a dive. Do not attempt to try and take out fast moving planes as they will prove very difficult for the missiles to track. Also considering it only has a maximum range of 5.5 km, other similar missile SPAAs will still outperform you from long ranges.
  
 
=== Pros and cons ===
 
=== Pros and cons ===
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<!--''Summarise and briefly evaluate the vehicle in terms of its characteristics and combat effectiveness. Mark its pros and cons in a bulleted list. Try not to use more than 6 points for each of the characteristics. Avoid using categorical definitions such as "bad", "good" and the like - use substitutions with softer forms such as "inadequate" and "effective".''-->
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<!-- ''Summarise and briefly evaluate the vehicle in terms of its characteristics and combat effectiveness. Mark its pros and cons in a bulleted list. Try not to use more than 6 points for each of the characteristics. Avoid using categorical definitions such as "bad", "good" and the like - use substitutions with softer forms such as "inadequate" and "effective".'' -->
 +
 
 
'''Pros:'''
 
'''Pros:'''
  
−
* Possesses both cannons and missiles
+
* Equipped with Mistral infrared SAMs
−
* Has a reasonable mobility
+
* Cannons have relatively high rate of fire (550 RPM on the 25 mm guns, a combined 2200 RPM)
−
* High rate of fire from cannons
+
* The APDS belt can go through most tanks' side armour
 +
* Has an optronic tracking system allowing targets to be tracked and providing a lead indicator
 +
* Optronic system cannot be detected by RWR on enemy aircraft, making it much easier for you to target them
  
 
'''Cons:'''
 
'''Cons:'''
  
−
* Has inadequate armour to withstand large calibre cannon fire
+
* Armour is extremely inadequate, heavy machine guns even from afar can cut right trough
−
* Can only use cannons against ground targets, missiles can only be utilised for anti-air attacks
+
* Vulnerable to overpressure damage
 +
* Without the HEI-T ammo belt the main cannons are rather inadequate against most top-tier aircraft
 +
* Limited APDS ammunition: the SIDAM can only carry 60 rounds
 +
* Missiles can only be utilized for anti-air attacks
 +
* Missiles have an absolute maximum range of 5.5 km
 +
* Missiles can be defeated by flares
 
* Missile launchers are highly exposed on the top of the tank
 
* Missile launchers are highly exposed on the top of the tank
 
* Does not have a search radar
 
* Does not have a search radar
−
* Missiles have an absolute maximum range of 5.5 km
+
* Doesn't have thermals or even NVD
  
 
== History ==
 
== History ==
−
<!--Describe the history of the creation and combat usage of the vehicle in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the vehicle and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Vehicle-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>. This section may also include the vehicle's dev blog entry (if applicable) and the in-game encyclopedia description (under <code><nowiki>=== In-game description ===</nowiki></code>, also if applicable).-->
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<!-- ''Describe the history of the creation and combat usage of the vehicle in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the vehicle and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Vehicle-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>. This section may also include the vehicle's dev blog entry (if applicable) and the in-game encyclopedia description (under <code><nowiki>=== In-game description ===</nowiki></code>, also if applicable).'' -->
 +
 
 +
The SIDAM 25 was made during the Cold War (the SIDAM system started in about 1980 and first two prototypes were trialed in 1983), Italy wanted to find a suitable anti-air vehicle that would be on par with the Soviet Union's and Warsaw Pact, as well as NATO vehicles such as the German Gepard and the American M163 VADS. Its primary goal was to take out out low flying aircraft but it was provided a secondary capability against lightly armoured targets thanks to the types of ammunition it had access to, such as APDS, HEI and SAPHEI. There had been some contenders on what the next anti air vehicle would be, but the Italian Ministry of defense ended up supporting the SIDAM 25 and started to place orders for the vehicle.
 +
 
 +
The SIDAM 25 would be based on the American M113 chassis then built under license, mainly it was chosen as it had local production and allowed for a cheap supply of parts and easy maintenance and training. However, to carry the impressive quad system, a large array of modifications had to be carried out including the removal of the single fuel tank replaced with twin tanks either side of the new engine and updated suspension to cope with the increased weight. Although to the outsiders it may look like a decent SPAA (which it is in a way, on a good day), but the actual production version lacked radar and any form of night vision/thermal vision. The SIDAM 25 was advertised at the time to be able to utilize night vision and thermal vision, however there was an issue, cost. The SIDAM 25 project ended up costing Italy too much, so they had to remove things from the actual prototypes such as night vision and the thermal imaging, it ended up having an entirely different turret (the one currently in game). In retrospect Italy could've acquired the OTOMATIC with that money, which although it would lead to less units, it would've been great if they went for quality over quantity.
 +
 
 +
Sadly the SIDAM 25 lived a short life, in total 276 of such systems were produced from 1985, they'd slowly be taken out of active service and put in storage. Most of them have been used for its main armament, and installed onto the Italian army 'Freccia IFV' which uses the same 25 mm the SIDAM once used. The SIDAM 25 would only ever be exported to a private military collector in Belgium, in an estimated 40 units. There was also plans on installing the SIDAM quad mount on another OTO-Melara project, the C-13, however due to political reasons that would not end up happening. In terms of SIDAM upgrades, modernization plans for the SIDAM 25 were drawn up in late 1994. The Italian engineers proposed the up-arming of the vehicle with Matra Mistral surface-to-air missiles in order to give it better long-range capabilities and improve its performance as a whole. Sadly, the Mistral program which aimed to upgrade the Italian SIDAMs would not be picked up.
 +
 
 +
=== [[wt:en/news/6345-development-sidam-25-mistral-blowing-away-the-competition-en|Devblog]] ===
 +
 
 
Modernization plans for the SIDAM 25 were drawn up in late 1994, when Italian engineers proposed the up-arming of the vehicle with Mistral surface-to-air missiles in order to give it better long-range capabilities and improve its performance as a whole.
 
Modernization plans for the SIDAM 25 were drawn up in late 1994, when Italian engineers proposed the up-arming of the vehicle with Mistral surface-to-air missiles in order to give it better long-range capabilities and improve its performance as a whole.
  
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The modernization of the SIDAM 25s with Mistral SAMs was expected to begin in the early 2000s, alongside some other potential upgrades as well.
 
The modernization of the SIDAM 25s with Mistral SAMs was expected to begin in the early 2000s, alongside some other potential upgrades as well.
  
−
''- From [[wt:en/news/6345-development-sidam-25-mistral-blowing-away-the-competition-en|Devblog]]''
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== Media ==
 +
<!-- ''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.'' -->
  
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== Media ==
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;Skins
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<!--Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.-->
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 +
* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=it_otobreda_sidam_25_mistral Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]
 +
 
 +
;Videos
 
{{Youtube-gallery|0_lSvW7IOhY|'''The Shooting Range #168''' - ''Metal Beasts'' section at 00:32 discusses the SIDAM 25 (Mistral).}}
 
{{Youtube-gallery|0_lSvW7IOhY|'''The Shooting Range #168''' - ''Metal Beasts'' section at 00:32 discusses the SIDAM 25 (Mistral).}}
  
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''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''
 
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''
  
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* ''reference to the series of the vehicles;''
+
* [[SIDAM 25]]
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* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''
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* [[Machbet]]
  
 
== External links ==
 
== External links ==
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<!--Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:
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<!-- ''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''
 
* ''topic on the official game forum;''
 
* ''topic on the official game forum;''
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* ''encyclopedia page on the tank;''
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* ''other literature.'' -->
−
* ''other literature.''-->
 
  
 
* [[wt:en/news/6345-development-sidam-25-mistral-blowing-away-the-competition-en|[Devblog] SIDAM 25 Mistral: Blowing Away the Competition]]
 
* [[wt:en/news/6345-development-sidam-25-mistral-blowing-away-the-competition-en|[Devblog] SIDAM 25 Mistral: Blowing Away the Competition]]
  
 +
{{TankManufacturer OTO Melara}}
 
{{Italy anti-aircraft vehicles}}
 
{{Italy anti-aircraft vehicles}}

Latest revision as of 13:08, 6 June 2023

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This page is about the Italian SPAA SIDAM 25 (Mistral). For the version without Mistral SATCP missiles, see SIDAM 25. For other versions, see M113 (Family).
SIDAM 25 (Mistral)
it_otobreda_sidam_25_mistral.png
GarageImage SIDAM 25 (Mistral).jpg
SIDAM 25 (Mistral)
Italy flag.png Italy
VII Rank
Battle rating:
AB RB SB
10.0 9.7 9.7
Class:
Research:260 000 Specs-Card-Exp.png
Purchase:710 000 Specs-Card-Lion.png
Show in game

Description

The SIDAM 25 is an Italian anti-air platform developed by OTO Melara during the Cold War. Based on the M113A1 platform, the SIDAM 25 was primarily designed to fulfill the short-range air defense needs of the Italian army. The Italian army initially showed interest in the OTOMATIC anti-air platform; however, due to factors such as cost, the SIDAM 25 was chosen instead. One of its main drawbacks was that it lacked a radar system unlike other anti-air platforms of the era. A total of 275 systems were ordered. In the late 2010s, the SIDAM 25 began to be phased out, with most units being used to arm the Freccia IFV with a 25 mm cannon. The SIDAM 25 (Mistral) was a sole prototype created to test the capability of the Mistral SAM on the SIDAM 25 platform, and as a last ditch effort for OTO Melara to upgrade the SIDAMs so they could remain in service and not be completely obsolete.

Introduced in Update 1.91 "Night Vision", the SIDAM 25 is equipped with 4 x 25 mm Oerlikon KBA cannons able to fire both HEI-T* and APDS rounds. The high fire density of this SPAA allows it to destroy planes within seconds, often requiring only a few hits to bring down the target. The HEI-T rounds in the M792 belt contain a TNT equivalent of 54.4 grams in each projectile, with a high muzzle velocity of 1,100 m/s, making it easier to lead targets. However, the standard belts lack armour-penetrating rounds, so your maximum penetration remains at 3 mm until you unlock the M791 belt (APDS). Once the M791 belt is unlocked, defeating tanks becomes much easier, thanks to the 81 mm of penetration at 10 metres and a muzzle velocity of 1,345 m/s. The potential of the platform is however severely limited by the maximum capacity of 660 rounds (165 per gun). It is important to be very careful with your ammunition considering the fire rate and the small ammunition capacity, giving approximately 18 seconds of continuous fire. However, once your rounds hit their target, there is little that can survive. Helicopters and aircraft will be brought down with ease if you remain undetected. The platform's mobility is just sufficient to reach desired positions, but its large size makes it difficult to go unnoticed on the battlefield. The SIDAM 25 also lacks sufficient armour protection, as heavy machine guns can easily penetrate it. The 6 surface-to-air Mistral missiles can prove highly effective against low-flying aircraft and helicopters that venture too close to the battlefield. However, these aircraft often possess countermeasures that can prevent the missile from hitting its target. To maximize the chances of a successful hit, it is advisable to launch the missile while the target is preoccupied, or pair the missile with your main cannons to increase the likelihood of hitting the target.

General info

Survivability and armour

Armourfront / side / back
Hull38 / 44 / 38
Turret38 / 25 / 25
Crew3 people
Visibility123 %

Armour type:

  • Aluminium Alloy 7039
Armour Front (Slope angle) Sides Rear Roof
Hull 38 mm (46°), 29 mm (46°) Front glacis
38 mm (25°) Lower glacis 		44 mm Top
32 mm Bottom 		38 mm (10°) 38 mm (89°) Front
38 mm (89°) Rear
Turret 38 mm (24°) Turret front
25 mm (1°) Gun mantlet 		25 mm (0°) 25 mm (1°) 25 mm (89°)

Notes:

  • Suspension wheels are 10 mm thick and tracks are 15 mm thick.

Mobility

Speedforward / back
AB70 / 17 km/h
RB and SB65 / 15 km/h
Number of gears6 forward
2 back
Weight14.3 t
Engine power
AB404 hp
RB and SB212 hp
Power-to-weight ratio
AB28.3 hp/t
RB and SB14.8 hp/t
Game Mode Max Speed (km/h) Weight (tons) Engine power (horsepower) Power-to-weight ratio (hp/ton)
Forward Reverse Stock Upgraded Stock Upgraded
Arcade 70 17 14.3 301 404 21.05 28.25
Realistic 65 15 188 212 13.15 14.83

Modifications and economy

Repair costBasic → Reference
AB5 126 → 6 715 Sl icon.png
RB5 084 → 6 660 Sl icon.png
SB5 003 → 6 553 Sl icon.png
Total cost of modifications205 400 Rp icon.png
349 000 Sl icon.png
Talisman cost2 800 Ge icon.png
Crew training200 000 Sl icon.png
Experts710 000 Sl icon.png
Aces2 100 Ge icon.png
Research Aces1 080 000 Rp icon.png
Reward for battleAB / RB / SB
160 / 200 / 250 % Sl icon.png
232 / 232 / 232 % Rp icon.png
Modifications
Mobility Protection Firepower
Mods new tank traks.png
Tracks
Research:
15 000 Rp icon.png
Cost:
23 000 Sl icon.png
370 Ge icon.png
Mods new tank suspension.png
Suspension
Research:
13 000 Rp icon.png
Cost:
20 000 Sl icon.png
320 Ge icon.png
Mods new tank break.png
Brake System
Research:
13 000 Rp icon.png
Cost:
20 000 Sl icon.png
320 Ge icon.png
Mods new tank filter.png
Filters
Research:
14 000 Rp icon.png
Cost:
22 000 Sl icon.png
350 Ge icon.png
Mods new tank transmission.png
Transmission
Research:
18 000 Rp icon.png
Cost:
28 000 Sl icon.png
450 Ge icon.png
Mods new tank engine.png
Engine
Research:
18 000 Rp icon.png
Cost:
28 000 Sl icon.png
450 Ge icon.png
Mods tank tool kit.png
Improved Parts
Research:
4 500 Rp icon.png
Cost:
23 000 Sl icon.png
370 Ge icon.png
Mods extinguisher.png
Improved FPE
Research:
3 900 Rp icon.png
Cost:
20 000 Sl icon.png
320 Ge icon.png
Mods tank reinforcement it.png
Crew Replenishment
Research:
14 000 Rp icon.png
Cost:
22 000 Sl icon.png
350 Ge icon.png
Mods new tank horizontal aiming.png
Horizontal Drive
Research:
15 000 Rp icon.png
Cost:
23 000 Sl icon.png
370 Ge icon.png
Mods tank cannon.png
Adjustment of Fire
Research:
13 000 Rp icon.png
Cost:
20 000 Sl icon.png
320 Ge icon.png
Mods new tank vertical aiming.png
Elevation Mechanism
Research:
14 000 Rp icon.png
Cost:
22 000 Sl icon.png
350 Ge icon.png
Mods tank ammo.png
25mm_kba_APDS_ammo_pack
Research:
14 000 Rp icon.png
Cost:
22 000 Sl icon.png
350 Ge icon.png
Mods art support.png
Artillery Support
Research:
18 000 Rp icon.png
Cost:
28 000 Sl icon.png
450 Ge icon.png
Mods tank laser rangefinder.png
Laser rangefinder
Research:
18 000 Rp icon.png
Cost:
28 000 Sl icon.png
450 Ge icon.png

Armaments

Laser rangefinder
Reduces the error and increases the maximum measurable distance of the rangefinder

Main armament

4 x 25 mm Oerlikon KBA cannon
Two-plane stabilizer
Reduces the swing of the gun in two planes while moving
Ammunition660 rounds
Belt capacity150 rounds
Reloadbasic crew → aces
1.3 → 1.0 s
Fire rate550 shots/min
Vertical guidance-5° / 87°
Main article: Oerlikon KBA (25 mm)

The SIDAM 25 (Mistral) is armed with 4 x 25 mm cannons, with the main purpose of destroying aircraft. Like almost all SPAA armaments, these cannons are not designed to disable or destroy tanks. It is capable of destroying other SPAA, and some SPGs, but it is limited in its anti-tank effectiveness. It carries 660 rounds in total, giving 165 rounds per cannon.

25 mm Oerlikon KBA (x4) Turret rotation speed (°/s) Reloading rate (seconds)
Mode Capacity (Belt) Fire rate Vertical Horizontal Stabilizer Stock Upgraded Full Expert Aced Stock Full Expert Aced
Arcade 660 (150) 550 -5°/+87° ±180° Two-plane 105.7 146.3 177.6 196.4 208.9 1.30 1.15 1.06 1.00
Realistic 71.4 84.0 102.0 112.8 120.0

Ammunition

Penetration statistics
Ammunition Type of
warhead 		Penetration @ 0° Angle of Attack (mm)
10 m 100 m 500 m 1,000 m 1,500 m 2,000 m
M792 HEI-T* 7 6 4 3 3 3
M791 APDS 80 78 73 66 60 55
Shell details
Ammunition Type of
warhead 		Velocity
(m/s) 		Projectile
mass (kg) 		Fuse delay
(m) 		Fuse sensitivity
(mm) 		Explosive mass
(TNT equivalent) (g) 		Ricochet
0% 50% 100%
M792 HEI-T* 1,100 0.19 0.1 0.1 54.4 79° 80° 81°
M791 APDS 1,330 0.13 - - - 75° 78° 80°

Ammo racks

Ammo racks of the SIDAM 25 (Mistral)
Full
ammo 		1st
rack empty 		Visual
discrepancy
8 0 (+8) No

Additional armament

Mistral SATCP
Two-plane stabilizer
Reduces the swing of the gun in two planes while moving
Ammunition6 rounds
Belt capacity6 rounds
Fire rate120 shots/min
Vertical guidance-5° / 87°
Main article: Mistral SATCP

The SIDAM also possesses 6 surface-to-air (SAM) launchers, for its Mistral missiles. These can be guided by the Optical tracking system onto the target and have an approximate effective range of 4 km. However jets will most likely to evade the missiles if fired from this range, so it is suggested that you wait to fire these at a closer range than 4 km where it will be more difficult for them to react and evade.

Mistral SATCP missile
Capacity (Belt) Vertical Horizontal Stabilizer
6 (6) -5°/+87° ±180° Two-plane

Ammunition

Shell details
Ammunition Type of
warhead 		Velocity
(m/s) 		Range
(m) 		Projectile
mass (kg) 		Fuse delay
(m) 		Fuse sensitivity
(mm) 		Arming
distance (m) 		Trigger
radius (m) 		Explosive mass
(TNT equivalent) (kg) 		Ricochet
0% 50% 100%
Mistral SATCP SAM 850 6,000 18.7 1 0.1 0 2 1.78 79° 80° 81°

Ammo racks

Ammo racks of the SIDAM 25 (Mistral)
Full
ammo 		1st
rack empty 		Visual
discrepancy
6 0 (+6) No
  • It is not possible to select how many missiles are taken into battle.
  • Missiles launch from left to right.

Usage in battles

The SIDAM 25 can be quite deadly when used right, players who have unlocked this machine will get to experience for the first time in the tree, an anti-air vehicle with firepower that rivals or in some instances, is more effective than other nations counterparts. The best way to play with the SIDAM 25 is to play very defensively. Due to it being based on the widespread chassis known as the M113, the SIDAM sadly does not have the best performance on or off road, even a small incline will seriously impact your overall mobility when using the vehicle. It is best to stick to flat ground where your vehicle can be much easier to control. The M113 also does not have the best survivability, so in that the SIDAM also sadly suffers in that area, so it is best to stick with more protected teammates or to flat out stay away from any type of enemy ground vehicles. Artillery will also be able to pressure damage you so in that case you should try your best to move away and avoid getting hit by it in the first place.

In case any vehicles breach your defenses you do have access to a small amount of APDS rounds, they might be able to deal with lightly armoured vehicles, and for the more heavier and protected vehicles, the APDS will at times penetrate and damage enemy tanks. The SIDAM 25's APDS can penetrate up to 81 mm of armour. Do keep in mind that the APDS is a tier 3 modification so you'll have to research it before having access to it. Due to the very low amount you have access to it is highly advised you use it strictly only for self defense, going on the attack with APDS will not usually work out for you, especially on the SIDAM considering the factors mentioned earlier: being slow, and not having very good mobility, not being very survivable, and overall being a very big target are all downsides for the SIDAM 25. You can negate the APDS shortage by being close to a capture point, as not only will it replenish your main ammunition to keep you focused on shooting down air targets, but it will allow you to be a bit more wild with the APDS, as you'll be able to quickly replenish it easily, to allow you to last longer on the battlefield. So overall for the SIDAM, the best tactic is to try your best to remain or at least be near a capture point.

In the anti-air sector, the SIDAM 25 sadly does not have access to a radar, unlike other nations' counterparts at the battle rating. What you do have access to however is an optronic tracking system, which allows targets to be tracked, and provides one of the most most accurate lead indicators for any vehicle. This will allow you to predict flight paths of any enemy air vehicles you'll be facing. Another great thing about the optronic system, is that it cannot be detected by radar warning receivers on enemy aircraft, making it much easier for you to target them, and hopefully take them out with a quick barrage of you main gun. Speaking of which, the SIDAM's main armament consists of 4 x 25 mm guns, they have a combined firepower of 2200 rounds per minute; more than enough to deal with most of the aircraft you'll face. You also have access to a two-plane stabilizer, which will furthermore aid you in firefights against both ground and air vehicles.

In terms of the Matra Mistral launchers it has access to, although at times these can prove to be a great asset, they also positioned on the top of the turret, leaving them very exposed. Much like most anti-aircraft and missile vehicles, if these missiles are hit while still in the launchers, they will most likely detonate and cause damage to the vehicle. They are best used when low flying aircraft are inbound, or when they have just pulled up from a dive. Do not attempt to try and take out fast moving planes as they will prove very difficult for the missiles to track. Also considering it only has a maximum range of 5.5 km, other similar missile SPAAs will still outperform you from long ranges.

Pros and cons

Pros:

  • Equipped with Mistral infrared SAMs
  • Cannons have relatively high rate of fire (550 RPM on the 25 mm guns, a combined 2200 RPM)
  • The APDS belt can go through most tanks' side armour
  • Has an optronic tracking system allowing targets to be tracked and providing a lead indicator
  • Optronic system cannot be detected by RWR on enemy aircraft, making it much easier for you to target them

Cons:

  • Armour is extremely inadequate, heavy machine guns even from afar can cut right trough
  • Vulnerable to overpressure damage
  • Without the HEI-T ammo belt the main cannons are rather inadequate against most top-tier aircraft
  • Limited APDS ammunition: the SIDAM can only carry 60 rounds
  • Missiles can only be utilized for anti-air attacks
  • Missiles have an absolute maximum range of 5.5 km
  • Missiles can be defeated by flares
  • Missile launchers are highly exposed on the top of the tank
  • Does not have a search radar
  • Doesn't have thermals or even NVD

History

The SIDAM 25 was made during the Cold War (the SIDAM system started in about 1980 and first two prototypes were trialed in 1983), Italy wanted to find a suitable anti-air vehicle that would be on par with the Soviet Union's and Warsaw Pact, as well as NATO vehicles such as the German Gepard and the American M163 VADS. Its primary goal was to take out out low flying aircraft but it was provided a secondary capability against lightly armoured targets thanks to the types of ammunition it had access to, such as APDS, HEI and SAPHEI. There had been some contenders on what the next anti air vehicle would be, but the Italian Ministry of defense ended up supporting the SIDAM 25 and started to place orders for the vehicle.

The SIDAM 25 would be based on the American M113 chassis then built under license, mainly it was chosen as it had local production and allowed for a cheap supply of parts and easy maintenance and training. However, to carry the impressive quad system, a large array of modifications had to be carried out including the removal of the single fuel tank replaced with twin tanks either side of the new engine and updated suspension to cope with the increased weight. Although to the outsiders it may look like a decent SPAA (which it is in a way, on a good day), but the actual production version lacked radar and any form of night vision/thermal vision. The SIDAM 25 was advertised at the time to be able to utilize night vision and thermal vision, however there was an issue, cost. The SIDAM 25 project ended up costing Italy too much, so they had to remove things from the actual prototypes such as night vision and the thermal imaging, it ended up having an entirely different turret (the one currently in game). In retrospect Italy could've acquired the OTOMATIC with that money, which although it would lead to less units, it would've been great if they went for quality over quantity.

Sadly the SIDAM 25 lived a short life, in total 276 of such systems were produced from 1985, they'd slowly be taken out of active service and put in storage. Most of them have been used for its main armament, and installed onto the Italian army 'Freccia IFV' which uses the same 25 mm the SIDAM once used. The SIDAM 25 would only ever be exported to a private military collector in Belgium, in an estimated 40 units. There was also plans on installing the SIDAM quad mount on another OTO-Melara project, the C-13, however due to political reasons that would not end up happening. In terms of SIDAM upgrades, modernization plans for the SIDAM 25 were drawn up in late 1994. The Italian engineers proposed the up-arming of the vehicle with Matra Mistral surface-to-air missiles in order to give it better long-range capabilities and improve its performance as a whole. Sadly, the Mistral program which aimed to upgrade the Italian SIDAMs would not be picked up.

Devblog

Modernization plans for the SIDAM 25 were drawn up in late 1994, when Italian engineers proposed the up-arming of the vehicle with Mistral surface-to-air missiles in order to give it better long-range capabilities and improve its performance as a whole.

The missiles were to be distributed between two launchers, with each launcher containing three missiles. As such, the vehicle could then utilize the missiles against targets at long range, whilst preserving the cannon armament for close-range engagements.

The modernization of the SIDAM 25s with Mistral SAMs was expected to begin in the early 2000s, alongside some other potential upgrades as well.

Media

Skins
Videos
The Shooting Range #168 - Metal Beasts section at 00:32 discusses the SIDAM 25 (Mistral).

See also

Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:

External links


OTO Melara
Light Tanks/IFVs 
Centauro  Centauro I 105 · Centauro I 105 R · Centauro I 120 · VRCC
Dardo  Dardo · VCC-80/30 · VCC-80/60
Other  C13 T90 · R3 T106 FA
MBTs 
OF-40  OF-40 · OF-40 Mk.2A · OF-40 (MTCA)
Ariete  Ariete (P) · Ariete · Ariete PSO · Ariete AMV
Other  M47 (105/55)
Tank Destroyers  M113A1 (TOW)
SPAA  R3 T20 FA-HS · SIDAM 25 · SIDAM 25 (Mistral) · OTOMATIC
Patrol Boats 
Sparviero-class  Sparviero*
See Also  OTO
  *Built by OTO Melara in La Spezia under the Alinavi S.p.A. consortium

Italy anti-aircraft vehicles
R3 Capraia  R3 T20 FA-HS
SIDAM 25  SIDAM 25 · SIDAM 25 (Mistral)
Wheeled  AS 42 · CM52
Tracked  M42 Contraereo · Leopard 40/70 · OTOMATIC
Hungary  ◔ZSU-57-2 · ◔ZSU-23-4

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