View source for 3 pdr QF Hotchkiss (47 mm)

== Description ==
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The '''47 mm 3 pdr QF Hotchkiss''' is a naval gun used on British, French, Russian, and Japanese ships.

=== Vehicles equipped with this weapon ===
<!-- ''List out vehicles that are equipped with the weapon.'' -->

* {{Specs-Link|fr_battleship_courbet_class_courbet}}
* {{Specs-Link|uk_fairmile_a_ml100}}
* {{Specs-Link|uk_fairmile_b_ml345}}
* {{Specs-Link|uk_battlecruiser_invincible}}
* {{Specs-Link|jp_armoredcruiser_kurama}}
* {{Specs-Link|ussr_battleship_poltava}}

== General info ==
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=== Available ammunition ===
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=== Comparison with analogues ===
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== Usage in battles ==
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=== Pros and cons ===
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'''Pros:'''

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'''Cons:'''

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== History ==
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The 3-pounder QF (Quick-Firing) Hotchkiss is a French naval cannon that is a smaller counterpart to the larger 6-pounder Hotchkiss introduced the previous year. The 6-pounder was intended to repel torpedo boats and other small targets but it was too large for use on some ships. Thus in 1886, the 3-pounder was created to fill the gap for torpedo boat protection. The first modern quick-firing (as in a complete round instead of projectile and shell-casing being loaded separately) adopted by the Royal Navy, it was produced under license by the Elswick Ordnance Company. Finding itself on most small cruisers and other small boats during World War I, the Hotchkiss was also mounted on battleships such as [[HMS Invincible|HMS ''Invincible'']] or the ''King George V'' class. It was found to be ineffective due to the cartridge mid-way through World War I however, and began to be phased out for the Ordnance QF 3-pounder Vickers. As they began getting removed from front-line duties, the Hotchkiss found itself in service as a sub-calibre training weapon and a saluting gun. Despite their age, 1,950 guns were still serving in rear line roles when World War II started and due to a pressing need for small ships such as the [[Fairmile A (ML100)|Fairmile A]] Motor Launches and merchant vessels, the guns were brought back into combat service. They would remain in service in this role early in the war and in port defense against torpedo boats, but were soon replaced by the [[6pdr 7cwt QF Mk IIA (57 mm)|6pdr 7cwt QF Mk IIA]] in those roles. The guns are still in British service to this day as saluting guns at Victory Green on the Falkland Islands.

The guns were not only used by the Royal Navy. It was used in France, Italy, Japan, the United States, and Russia. The Russians, who had previously adopted a Gatling-style five-barrel Hotchkiss 3-pounder in the 1880s, were quick to adopt the single-barrel 3-pounder Hotchkiss in 1884. They would become standard equipment on every Imperial Russian Navy ship from 1880 to 1905. After the Russo-Japanese War ended, the Russians reached the same conclusion the British would reach in World War I and phased them out from front-line service. While the guns were still in service during World War I, they were instead used on riverboats and lightships and as anti-aircraft guns. The Soviet Navy would keep some of these guns in service into World War II as part of the Pinsk River Flotilla.

=== French Navy ===
The French Marine Nationale (French Navy) also adopted the 1885 model 3-pounder Hotchkiss gun and paired it with the larger Canon da 65 mm Modèle 1891. The 3-pounder was used on everything from destroyers to armoured cruisers, ironclads, pre-dreadnought battleships, and submarines. The most notable French ships to use the Hotchkiss were the ''Liberté'' and ''Danton''-class pre-dreadnought battleships along with the armoured cruisers ''Jules Michelet'', ''Ernest Renan'', and the ''Edgar Quinet''-class. During World War I, the French used the Hotchkiss 3-pounder as their standard naval anti-aircraft gun, with the design modified to use high-angle mounts but it was ineffective and eventually replaced by the Canon de 75 mm Modèle 1908. Despite this, the 3-pounder was still in service in the AA role by World War II though it was mostly phased out by the AA variants of the  [[APX Canon de 75 mm modèle 1897 (75 mm)|French 75 mm]] and the Canon de 75 mm modèle 1924 guns. The French also used a second 3-pounder Hotchkiss cannon which was 50 calibres long instead of 40 calibres long and was designed in 1902.

== Media ==
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== See also ==
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== External links ==
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{{USSR naval cannons}}
{{Britain naval cannons}}
{{Japan naval cannons}}
{{France naval cannons}}

[[Category:Naval cannons]]