Difference between revisions of "Type 91 Model 2 (835 kg)"

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[[File:Type91_Mod2_torpedo.png|thumbnail|right|x250px|]]
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== Description ==
 
== Description ==
''Write an introduction to the article in 2-3 small paragraphs. Briefly tell us about the history of the development and combat using the weaponry and also about its features. Compile a list of air, ground, or naval vehicles that feature this weapon system in the game.''
+
<!-- ''Write an introduction to the article in 2-3 small paragraphs. Briefly tell us about the history of the development and combat using the weaponry and also about its features. Compile a list of air, ground, or naval vehicles that feature this weapon system in the game.'' -->
 +
The Type 91 Model 2 is an aerial torpedo that can be found on several Japanese WWII bombers and torpedo bombers, often with a separate option for its other variant, [[Type 91 Model 3 (850 kg)]].
  
 
=== Vehicles equipped with this weapon ===
 
=== Vehicles equipped with this weapon ===
 
<!-- ''List out vehicles that are equipped with the weapon.'' -->
 
<!-- ''List out vehicles that are equipped with the weapon.'' -->
 +
 
* {{Specs-Link|b5n2}}
 
* {{Specs-Link|b5n2}}
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* {{Specs-Link|b6n1}}
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* {{Specs-Link|b6n2}}
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* {{Specs-Link|b6n2a}}
 
* {{Specs-Link|g4m1}}
 
* {{Specs-Link|g4m1}}
 
* {{Specs-Link|h6k4}}
 
* {{Specs-Link|h6k4}}
 
* {{Specs-Link|h8k2}}
 
* {{Specs-Link|h8k2}}
 
* {{Specs-Link|h8k3}}
 
* {{Specs-Link|h8k3}}
* {{Specs-Link|p1y1_mod11}}
 
  
 
== General info ==
 
== General info ==
''Tell us about the tactical and technical characteristics of the bomb.''
+
<!-- ''Tell us about the tactical and technical characteristics of the torpedo.'' -->
 +
The Type 91 Model 2 has a diameter of 450 mm, a length of 5.486 m, and weighs 835 kg. It can travel at a maximum speed of 77 km/h in the water for 2 km.
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 +
{{Notice|Dropping the torpedo outside of these ranges will result in the torpedo being drowned.}}
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 +
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
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! colspan="5" | '''Drop Ranges'''
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|-
 +
! Game Modes
 +
! Drop Speed Range (km/h)
 +
! Drop Altitude Range (m)
 +
! Drop Angle Range
 +
|-
 +
| {{Annotation|AB|Arcade Battles}} || {{Annotation|0 - 936|0 - 260.0 m/s}} || 0 - 350 || -30°/+30°
 +
|-
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| {{Annotation|RB|Realistic Battles}}/{{Annotation|SB|Simulator Battles}} || {{Annotation|0 - 481|0 - 133.6 m/s}} || 0 - 260 || -15°/+15°
 +
|-
 +
|}
  
 
=== Effective damage ===
 
=== Effective damage ===
''Describe the type of damage produced by this type of bomb (high explosive, splash damage, etc)''
+
<!-- ''Describe the type of damage produced by this type of torpedo (high explosive, splash damage, etc)'' -->
 +
In air battles, a single hit is usually enough to sink most AI ships. Certain larger ships such as aircraft carriers and battleships may require two or more hits to sink, depending on where the torpedo hits. In naval battles, many of the larger ships such as heavy cruisers can require multiple torpedo hits, depending on where they are hit. Destroyers and smaller vessels can usually be sunk with a single torpedo.
  
 
=== Comparison with analogues ===
 
=== Comparison with analogues ===
''Give a comparative description of bombs that have firepower equal to these type of weapons.''
+
<!-- ''Give a comparative description of torpedoes that have firepower equal to this weapon.'' -->
 +
Compared with its other variant,[[Type 91 Model 3 (850 kg)]], the Type 93 Model 2 is inferior, with a lower maximum drop speed and drop angle as well as a smaller warhead, everything else being the same. The Type 91 Model 2 is also 15 kg lighter than the Type 91 Model 3, although differences in flight performance when carrying one or the other is negligible.
 +
 
 +
Compared to common aerial torpedoes in other nations (using RB/SB mode specifications):
 +
 
 +
* [[Mk.13 (569 mm)]]: The Mk.13 has better drop angles (-20°/+20°), has a much higher maximum range (5.76 km) and has a larger warhead; but it has a lower maximum speed (62 km/h), has much worse drop speeds (0 - 205 km/h) and drop altitudes (0 - 105 m), and is heavier (1,005 kg).
 +
 
 +
* [[Mk.13/44 (569 mm)]]: The Mk.13/44 has much better drop speeds (0 - 518 km/h), drop ranges (0 - 250 m), and drop angles (-20°/+20°), has a much higher maximum range (5.76 km) and has a larger warhead; but it has a lower maximum speed (62 km/h) and is heavier (1,005 kg).
 +
 
 +
* [[F5W]]: The F5W has a slightly higher maximum speed (80 km/h) and has a higher maximum range (3 km); but it has much worse drop speeds (0 - 301 km/h) and drop altitudes (0 - 120 m), is heavier (936 kg), and has a smaller warhead.
 +
 
 +
* [[18 inch Mark XII (450 mm)|Mark XII (450 mm)]]: The Mark XII has better drop angles (-20°/+20°), has a higher maximum range (3.2 km), and is lighter (702 kg); but it has a lower maximum speed (69 km/h), has much worse drop speeds (0 - 281 km/h) and drop altitudes (0 - 105 m), and has a smaller warhead.
 +
 
 +
* [[18 inch Mark XV (450 mm)|Mark XV (450 mm)]]: The Mark XV has better drop angles (-20°/+20°), has slightly higher maximum speed (83 km/h), has a much higher maximum range (5.5 km), is lighter (702 kg), and has a larger warhead; but it has worse drop speeds (0 - 443 km/h) and drop altitudes (0 - 122 m).
 +
 
 +
* [[F200/450 (450 mm)]]: The F200/450 has a slightly higher maximum speed (80 km/h) and has a higher maximum range (3 km); but it has much worse drop speeds (0 - 301 km/h) and drop altitudes (0 - 120 m), is heavier (936 kg), and has a smaller warhead.
  
 
== Usage in battles ==
 
== Usage in battles ==
''Describe situations when you would utilize this bomb in game (vehicle, pillbox, base, etc)''
+
<!-- ''Describe situations when you would utilise this torpedo in-game (vehicle, pillbox, base, etc)'' -->
 +
In air battles, the Type 91 Model 2 can be used to attack enemy AI shipping, which usually can be sunk with a single hit. Notable are AI aircraft carriers, which usually require two hits to sink. Because of their short range of only 2 km, aircraft with this torpedo are required to close in much closer to their target than with other torpedoes, which exposes the aircraft to stronger AAA for longer. Despite that, because of the high maximum drop speed and drop altitude, the aircraft can dive in and exit at high speeds, making for a harder target.
 +
 
 +
In naval battles, the short range is a much greater issue, since the enemy's AAA will be much greater, although most torpedo attacks in this mode happen at closer ranges anyway. In turn, the high drop ranges become an even greater asset. To give the enemy as little time as possible to avoid, the Type 91 Model 2 should be dropped as close to the target and the water as possible and at the fastest speed possible, since its initial speed in the air will transfer somewhat to its speed in the water for some distance. Take care though not to drop the torpedo too close to the target, since the torpedo must travel 50 m in the water before its warhead is armed. Be sure to take into account that the torpedo travels a bit in the air before it hits the water.
  
 
=== Pros and cons ===
 
=== Pros and cons ===
''Summarize and briefly evaluate the weaponry in terms of its characteristics and combat effectiveness. Mark pros and cons as a list.''
+
<!-- ''Summarise and briefly evaluate the weaponry in terms of its characteristics and combat effectiveness. Mark pros and cons as a list.'' -->
  
 
'''Pros:'''
 
'''Pros:'''
*
+
* Very good drop speeds and drop altitudes
 +
* Above average maximum speed
  
 
'''Cons:'''
 
'''Cons:'''
*
+
* Lowest range of any aerial torpedo
 +
* Below average drop angles
  
 
== History ==
 
== History ==
''Examine the history of the creation and combat usage of this weapon. If the historical reference turns out to be too big, take it to a separate article, taking a link to an article about the vehicle and adding a block "/ History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(weapon-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article.''
+
<!-- ''Examine the history of the creation and combat usage of the weapon in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the weapon and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Weapon-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>.'' -->
 +
At the time of the Type 91's inception, no aerial torpedo designs existed in Japan. In 1925, Rear Admiral Seiji Naruse, at a time a lieutenant, was promoted to development management officer at Imperial Japanese Navy Technical Department (Kampon) and sent to the United Kingdom to obtain aerial torpedo technology. He returned in 1927 and began development on Japan's first domestic aerial torpedo, the Type 91, with his team, the 91 Association, at Yokosuka Naval Arsenal. A prototype was tested in December 1930, with the Type 91 entering production a year later in December 1931. In 1934, Kampon halted production and development of the Type 91 in favor of an aerial version of the Type 93 torpedo, though designs were impractical and production of the Type 91 continued nonetheless. In 1936, a new version, Type 91 Mod 1, added wooden stabilization fins to the tail fins, which would improve water entry. The torpedo would discard the wooden fins upon entering the water. Type 91 Mod 1 had a diameter of 450 mm, a length of 5.275 m, weighed 784 kg, and carried a 150 kg Type 97 explosive charge. It had a range of 2 km and a speed of 33 knots (80 km/h).
 +
 
 +
Type 91 Mod 2 was a strengthened version of Type 91 Mod 1 designed in 1938. Later in August 1941, a modification of Type 91 Mod 2 was developed for use in a planned attack of the US Pacific Fleet at Pearl Harbor. This design featured an advanced anti-rolling system was added that, in the case of rolling, would use torpedo's rudders to steer it back to the neutral position. Unique to the Type 91's anti-rolling system was a system that would deflect the rudders in the opposite direction, countersteer, as it approached the neutral position, slowing its angular velocity, something that no other aerial torpedo at the time had. Entering production and service later that year, Type 91 Mod 2 increased the length to 5.486 m, the weight to 835 kg, and the warhead to 205 kg of Type 97 explosive. The anti-rolling system allowed the Type 91 Mod 2 to be successfully used in water as shallow as 20 m, and they would ultimately be used in the Attack on Pearl Harbor.
 +
 
 +
Beginning production in 1941, Type 91 Mod 3 was an improvement of the Type 91 Mod 2 that increased the explosive charge to 240 kg of Type 97 explosive, among other minor changes. A version of the Type 91 Mod 3 with a strengthened body called the Type 91 Mod 3 Improved was introduced in 1942. The reinforced structure allowed for it to be dropped at speeds of 555.6 km/h.
  
 
== Media ==
 
== Media ==
''An excellent addition to the article would be a video guide, as well as screenshots from the game and photos.''
+
''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.''
  
 
== See also ==
 
== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''
+
<!-- ''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''
* ''reference to the article about the variant of the cannon/machine gun;''
+
* ''reference to the article about the variant of the weapon;''
* ''references to approximate analogues by other nations and research trees.''
+
* ''references to approximate analogues by other nations and research trees.'' -->
 +
 
 +
* [[Type 91 Model 3 (850 kg)]]
 +
* [[Mk.13/44 (569 mm)]]
  
 
== External links ==
 
== External links ==
''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''
+
<!-- ''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''
 
* ''topic on the official game forum;''
 
* ''topic on the official game forum;''
 
* ''encyclopedia page on the weapon;''
 
* ''encyclopedia page on the weapon;''
* ''other literature.''
+
* ''other literature.'' -->
 +
 
 +
* [http://www.self.gutenberg.org/articles/eng/Type_91_torpedo World Heritage Encyclopedia - Type 91 torpedo]
 +
* [http://www.navweaps.com/Weapons/WTJAP_WWII.php NavWeaps - World War II Torpedoes of Japan]
  
 
{{Torpedoes}}
 
{{Torpedoes}}
  
 
[[Category:Suspended armaments]]
 
[[Category:Suspended armaments]]

Revision as of 18:23, 8 September 2020

Type91 Mod2 torpedo.png

Description

The Type 91 Model 2 is an aerial torpedo that can be found on several Japanese WWII bombers and torpedo bombers, often with a separate option for its other variant, Type 91 Model 3 (850 kg).

Vehicles equipped with this weapon

General info

The Type 91 Model 2 has a diameter of 450 mm, a length of 5.486 m, and weighs 835 kg. It can travel at a maximum speed of 77 km/h in the water for 2 km.

Msg-info.png Dropping the torpedo outside of these ranges will result in the torpedo being drowned.
Drop Ranges
Game Modes Drop Speed Range (km/h) Drop Altitude Range (m) Drop Angle Range
AB 0 - 936 0 - 350 -30°/+30°
RB/SB 0 - 481 0 - 260 -15°/+15°

Effective damage

In air battles, a single hit is usually enough to sink most AI ships. Certain larger ships such as aircraft carriers and battleships may require two or more hits to sink, depending on where the torpedo hits. In naval battles, many of the larger ships such as heavy cruisers can require multiple torpedo hits, depending on where they are hit. Destroyers and smaller vessels can usually be sunk with a single torpedo.

Comparison with analogues

Compared with its other variant,Type 91 Model 3 (850 kg), the Type 93 Model 2 is inferior, with a lower maximum drop speed and drop angle as well as a smaller warhead, everything else being the same. The Type 91 Model 2 is also 15 kg lighter than the Type 91 Model 3, although differences in flight performance when carrying one or the other is negligible.

Compared to common aerial torpedoes in other nations (using RB/SB mode specifications):

  • Mk.13 (569 mm): The Mk.13 has better drop angles (-20°/+20°), has a much higher maximum range (5.76 km) and has a larger warhead; but it has a lower maximum speed (62 km/h), has much worse drop speeds (0 - 205 km/h) and drop altitudes (0 - 105 m), and is heavier (1,005 kg).
  • Mk.13/44 (569 mm): The Mk.13/44 has much better drop speeds (0 - 518 km/h), drop ranges (0 - 250 m), and drop angles (-20°/+20°), has a much higher maximum range (5.76 km) and has a larger warhead; but it has a lower maximum speed (62 km/h) and is heavier (1,005 kg).
  • F5W: The F5W has a slightly higher maximum speed (80 km/h) and has a higher maximum range (3 km); but it has much worse drop speeds (0 - 301 km/h) and drop altitudes (0 - 120 m), is heavier (936 kg), and has a smaller warhead.
  • Mark XII (450 mm): The Mark XII has better drop angles (-20°/+20°), has a higher maximum range (3.2 km), and is lighter (702 kg); but it has a lower maximum speed (69 km/h), has much worse drop speeds (0 - 281 km/h) and drop altitudes (0 - 105 m), and has a smaller warhead.
  • Mark XV (450 mm): The Mark XV has better drop angles (-20°/+20°), has slightly higher maximum speed (83 km/h), has a much higher maximum range (5.5 km), is lighter (702 kg), and has a larger warhead; but it has worse drop speeds (0 - 443 km/h) and drop altitudes (0 - 122 m).
  • F200/450 (450 mm): The F200/450 has a slightly higher maximum speed (80 km/h) and has a higher maximum range (3 km); but it has much worse drop speeds (0 - 301 km/h) and drop altitudes (0 - 120 m), is heavier (936 kg), and has a smaller warhead.

Usage in battles

In air battles, the Type 91 Model 2 can be used to attack enemy AI shipping, which usually can be sunk with a single hit. Notable are AI aircraft carriers, which usually require two hits to sink. Because of their short range of only 2 km, aircraft with this torpedo are required to close in much closer to their target than with other torpedoes, which exposes the aircraft to stronger AAA for longer. Despite that, because of the high maximum drop speed and drop altitude, the aircraft can dive in and exit at high speeds, making for a harder target.

In naval battles, the short range is a much greater issue, since the enemy's AAA will be much greater, although most torpedo attacks in this mode happen at closer ranges anyway. In turn, the high drop ranges become an even greater asset. To give the enemy as little time as possible to avoid, the Type 91 Model 2 should be dropped as close to the target and the water as possible and at the fastest speed possible, since its initial speed in the air will transfer somewhat to its speed in the water for some distance. Take care though not to drop the torpedo too close to the target, since the torpedo must travel 50 m in the water before its warhead is armed. Be sure to take into account that the torpedo travels a bit in the air before it hits the water.

Pros and cons

Pros:

  • Very good drop speeds and drop altitudes
  • Above average maximum speed

Cons:

  • Lowest range of any aerial torpedo
  • Below average drop angles

History

At the time of the Type 91's inception, no aerial torpedo designs existed in Japan. In 1925, Rear Admiral Seiji Naruse, at a time a lieutenant, was promoted to development management officer at Imperial Japanese Navy Technical Department (Kampon) and sent to the United Kingdom to obtain aerial torpedo technology. He returned in 1927 and began development on Japan's first domestic aerial torpedo, the Type 91, with his team, the 91 Association, at Yokosuka Naval Arsenal. A prototype was tested in December 1930, with the Type 91 entering production a year later in December 1931. In 1934, Kampon halted production and development of the Type 91 in favor of an aerial version of the Type 93 torpedo, though designs were impractical and production of the Type 91 continued nonetheless. In 1936, a new version, Type 91 Mod 1, added wooden stabilization fins to the tail fins, which would improve water entry. The torpedo would discard the wooden fins upon entering the water. Type 91 Mod 1 had a diameter of 450 mm, a length of 5.275 m, weighed 784 kg, and carried a 150 kg Type 97 explosive charge. It had a range of 2 km and a speed of 33 knots (80 km/h).

Type 91 Mod 2 was a strengthened version of Type 91 Mod 1 designed in 1938. Later in August 1941, a modification of Type 91 Mod 2 was developed for use in a planned attack of the US Pacific Fleet at Pearl Harbor. This design featured an advanced anti-rolling system was added that, in the case of rolling, would use torpedo's rudders to steer it back to the neutral position. Unique to the Type 91's anti-rolling system was a system that would deflect the rudders in the opposite direction, countersteer, as it approached the neutral position, slowing its angular velocity, something that no other aerial torpedo at the time had. Entering production and service later that year, Type 91 Mod 2 increased the length to 5.486 m, the weight to 835 kg, and the warhead to 205 kg of Type 97 explosive. The anti-rolling system allowed the Type 91 Mod 2 to be successfully used in water as shallow as 20 m, and they would ultimately be used in the Attack on Pearl Harbor.

Beginning production in 1941, Type 91 Mod 3 was an improvement of the Type 91 Mod 2 that increased the explosive charge to 240 kg of Type 97 explosive, among other minor changes. A version of the Type 91 Mod 3 with a strengthened body called the Type 91 Mod 3 Improved was introduced in 1942. The reinforced structure allowed for it to be dropped at speeds of 555.6 km/h.

Media

Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.

See also

External links


Torpedoes
USA 
450 mm  Mk.7
533 mm  Bliss-Leavitt Mk.1 · Mark 35 · Mk.8 · Mk.8-3 C/D · Mk.15 · Mk.16
569 mm  Mk.13 · Mk.13-6 · Mk.13-6 Case
Germany 
324 mm  Mark 44
450 mm  C/06D · LT 1A/1 · F5W · F5b
500 mm  G6c
533 mm  G7a · Seal DM2A1
600 mm  H/8
USSR 
400 mm  SET-40
450 mm  Pattern 1910 · Pattern 1912 · 45-36NU · 45-36AN · 45-36MAN
533 mm  53-38 · 53-39 · 53-56 · 53-57 · 53-65 · SET-53M · SET-65
Britain 
450 mm  R.G.F. Mark VI** · Mark XII · Mark XV
533 mm  Mark I · Mk.IV · Mk.V · Mk.VIII · Mk.IX · Mk.IX** · 21 inch Mk.20 Bidder
Japan 
324 mm  Mark 46
450 mm  Type 2 · Type 38 No.2 B · Type 43 · Type 44 No.2 · Type 91 Model 2 · Type 91 Model 3
533 mm  Type 6 · Type 43 (1910) · Type 54 Model 3 · Type 72 Model 1 · Type 89
610 mm  Type 8 No.2 · Type 90 · Type 93 Model 1, Mod 2 · Type 93 Model 3
Italy 
450 mm  F200/450 · S.I.170/450X5,25 · W.200/450X5,75 · Whitehead A 110/450
533 mm  S.I.270 · S.I. 250/533,4X7,5 Tipo A · S.I. 270/533,4X7,2 Tipo I · S.I. 270/533X6.84 Tipo L · S.I. 270/533,4X7,2 Tipo M
France 
400 mm  1926DA
450 mm  1909R
550 mm  Model 1923DT
Sweden 
450 mm  m/38 · m/41
  † = Aerial torpedo
‡ = Aerial and ship-launched torpedo