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[[File:R-3R.png|thumb|right|350px|R-3Rs mounted on the [[MiG-21SMT]]]]
 
== Description ==
 
== Description ==
−
[[File:R-3R.png|thumb|x250px|R-3Rs mounted on the [[MiG-21SMT]]]]
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<!-- ''Write an introduction to the article in 2-3 small paragraphs. Briefly tell us about the history of the development and combat using the weaponry and also about its features. Compile a list of air, ground, or naval vehicles that feature this weapon system in the game.'' -->
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<!--Write an introduction to the article in 2-3 small paragraphs. Briefly tell us about the history of the development and combat using the weaponry and also about its features. Compile a list of air, ground, or naval vehicles that feature this weapon system in the game.-->
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[[File:WeaponImage R-3R.png|thumb|left|420px|The R-3R missile (scale is approximate)]]
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{{Break}}
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The '''R-3R''' (K13R, AA-2B 'Atoll') is a Soviet semi-active radar homing (SARH) air-to-air missile.
+
The '''R-3R''' (K-13R, AA-2C 'Atoll') is a is a Soviet [[Air-to-air_missiles#Semi-Active_Radar_Homing_.28SARH.29_missiles|semi-active radar-homing air-to-air missile]]. Based on the [[R-3S]] missile, the missile shares the same manoeuvrability and warhead characteristics that makes the missile more viable at shorter ranges.
  
 
=== Vehicles equipped with this weapon ===
 
=== Vehicles equipped with this weapon ===
 
<!-- ''List out vehicles that are equipped with the weapon.'' -->
 
<!-- ''List out vehicles that are equipped with the weapon.'' -->
  
 +
* {{Specs-Link|mig-21_bis_lazur}}
 +
* {{Specs-Link|mig-21_sps_k}}
 +
* {{Specs-Link|mig-21_bis}}
 +
* {{Specs-Link|mig_21_bis_finland}}
 +
* {{Specs-Link|mig-21_bis_sau}}
 +
* {{Specs-Link|mig-21_bis_sau_hungary}}
 +
* {{Specs-Link|mig-21_mf}}
 +
* {{Specs-Link|mig-21_mf_hungary}}
 +
* {{Specs-Link|mig-21_s}}
 
* {{Specs-Link|mig-21_smt}}
 
* {{Specs-Link|mig-21_smt}}
  
 
== General info ==
 
== General info ==
−
''Tell us about the tactical and technical characteristics of the missile.''
+
<!-- ''Tell us about the tactical and technical characteristics of the missile.'' -->
 +
 
 +
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
 +
! colspan="2" | Missile characteristics
 +
|-
 +
| '''Mass''' || 75 kg
 +
|-
 +
| '''Guidance''' || SARH
 +
|-
 +
| '''Signal''' || Pulse
 +
|-
 +
| '''Lock range''' || 8 km
 +
|-
 +
| '''Launch range''' || 9 km
 +
|-
 +
| '''Maximum speed''' || 1.7 M
 +
|-
 +
| '''Maximum overload''' || 10 G
 +
|-
 +
| '''Missile guidance time''' || 21 secs
 +
|-
 +
| '''Explosive mass''' || 8.8 kg TNTeq
 +
|-
 +
|}
  
 
=== Effective damage ===
 
=== Effective damage ===
−
Warhead has a TNT equivalent explosive mass of 8.8 kg which is usually sufficient to destroy targeted aircraft that come within the fuse detonation range with one hit. It does however have the lowest explosive mass of any radar guided missile in game.
+
<!-- ''Describe the type of damage produced by this type of missile (high explosive, splash damage, etc)'' -->
 +
Warhead has a TNT equivalent explosive mass of 8.8 kg which is usually sufficient to destroy targeted aircraft that come within the fuse detonation range with one hit. It does however have the lowest explosive mass of any radar guided missile in-game.
  
−
=== Comparison with analogues''.'' ===
+
=== Comparison with analogues ===
−
The R-3R is equipped with an identical warhead to that found on the R-3S
+
<!-- ''Give a comparative description of missiles that have firepower equal to this weapon.'' -->
 +
The R-3R is equipped with an identical warhead to that found on the R-3S.
  
 
== Usage in battles ==
 
== Usage in battles ==
−
As with other radar missiles, acquiring stable radar lock is easiest at higher altitude. The R-3R preforms best at and above 2000m however it can lock on to an enemy above you even at low altitude should you pitch up steeply to avoid ground clutter. Due to the missiles relatively low speed of mach 1.7 long range intercepts are unreliable as the missile will struggle to intercept before running out of burn time. One good remedy to this issue is to pick up higher altitude targets with your radar and approach from head on either level or slightly below the enemy's altitude. Spool up the missile but do not fire from further than 5 km out as missile lock can be intermittent beyond this. When fired in a head on between 5 to 1.25 km the missile has a significant chance of successful intercept if you maintain radar lock with the target and they fail to make significant evasive action. Missiles fired in a head on close in at much greater relative speeds thus little time is provided to evade.
+
<!-- ''Describe situations when you would utilise this missile in-game (vehicle, pillbox, base, etc)'' -->
 +
As with other radar missiles, acquiring stable radar lock is easiest at higher altitude. The R-3R performs best at and above 2,000 m, however it can lock onto an enemy above you even at low altitude should you pitch up steeply to avoid ground clutter. Due to the missile's relatively low speed of Mach 1.7, long-range intercepts are unreliable as the missile will struggle to intercept before running out of fuel. One good remedy to this issue is to pick up higher altitude targets with your radar and approach from head-on either level or slightly below the enemy's altitude. Spool up the missile but do not fire from further than 5 km out as missile lock can be intermittent beyond this. When fired in a head-on between 5 to 1.25 km, the missile has a significant chance of successful intercept if you maintain radar lock with the target and they fail to make significant evasive action. Missiles fired in a head-on close in at much greater relative speeds thus little time is provided to evade. Be aware that the [[F-8E]] has a much faster [[AIM-9C]] missile so it will win in head-ons.
  
 
=== Pros and cons ===
 
=== Pros and cons ===
 +
<!-- ''Summarise and briefly evaluate the weaponry in terms of its characteristics and combat effectiveness. Mark pros and cons as a list.'' -->
  
 
'''Pros:'''
 
'''Pros:'''
  
 
* Capable of hitting targets at lower altitudes if lock can be attained
 
* Capable of hitting targets at lower altitudes if lock can be attained
−
 
+
* Spools up quickly and tracks fast enough to hit targets in a head-on even when fired at ranges just over 1 km
−
* Spools up quickly and tracks fast enough to hit targets in a head on even when fired at ranges just over 1 km
+
* Uncaged seeker with large firing arc after locking target
−
 
 
−
*
 
  
 
'''Cons:'''
 
'''Cons:'''
  
−
* Relatively low 10G overload compared to other air to air missiles at br and all other radar missiles
+
* Relatively low 10G overload compared to other air-to-air missiles and all other radar missiles
−
 
 
 
* Relatively slow intercept speed
 
* Relatively slow intercept speed
 +
* Smallest warhead of all radar guided air-to-air missiles
 +
* Low launch overload limit
  
−
* Smallest warhead of all radar guided air to air missiles available to jets
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== History ==
 +
<!--''Examine the history of the creation and combat usage of the weapon in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the weapon and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Weapon-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>.''-->
 +
Work began on adapting the [[R-3S]] missile with a Semi-Active Radar Homing (SARH) warhead in 1961 under the bureau designation ''Izdeliye 320'', with expectations that it could be used in high-altitude engagements.<ref name="MissileInfoR3">Missilery.info n.d.</ref> Though limited by the dimensions of the R-3S missile, improvements could be made to the warhead, rocket motor, and fins. In the front, a new semi-active radar seeker was installed, surrounded by dielectric fairing. For the rudders in front, a new rudder actuator package was installed that attached an electronic module that adjusts the rudder deflection to better suit the missile's flight based on altitude and target distance. Behind the rudder was the warhead alongside the new ''Yastreb'' radar proximity fuse, the latter which has a diameter wider than the missile's body, creating a bulge in the missile body that contains the fuse's transmitter/receiver antennas.<ref name="Gordon2004_26to28">Gordon 2004, 26-28</ref> It is not known what specific upgrade, if any, were done to the rocket motor. These modifications to the missile increased the length by 580 mm and the weight by 7.1 kg.<ref name="Gordon2004_26to28" />
  
−
*
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Izdeliye 320 was ready for production in 1965-66, with the missile index designated '''R-3R''' (also known as ''K-13R'', or the US codename ''AA-2C'').<ref name="MissileInfoR3" /><ref name="Gordon2004_26to28" /> The weapon would be accepted into service by 1968.<ref name="Gordon2004pg30">Gordon 2004, 30</ref> The R-3R's SARH seeker allowed for an all-aspect engagement with the target. The missile was effective up to 21 km in altitude, with an effective range between 0.3 to 15 km.<ref name="MissileInfoR3" /> The R-3R was compatible with the APU-13U-2 launch rails, which were installed in later models of the MiG-21 (from ''[[MiG-21S|S]]'' to ''[[MiG-21bis|bis]]'') and early MiG-23 variants.
  
−
== History ==
+
A fixed acquisition "training" round was also produced for the R-3R, designated the ''R-3RU'' (''Izdeliye 328'') which was effectively a R-3U (training round for the R-3S) with a SARH seeker installed and with the fins retained without rudder nor rollerons.<ref name="Gordon2004_26to28" />
−
''Examine the history of the creation and combat usage of the weapon in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the weapon and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Weapon-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>.''
 
  
 
== Media ==
 
== Media ==
Line 54: Line 91:
  
 
== See also ==
 
== See also ==
−
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''
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<!-- ''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''
 +
* ''reference to the article about the variant of the weapon;''
 +
* ''references to approximate analogues by other nations and research trees.'' -->
  
−
* ''reference to the article about the variant of the weapon;''
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* [[R-3S]]
−
* ''references to approximate analogues by other nations and research trees.''
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* [[AIM-9B Sidewinder]]
 +
 
 +
;Other SARH missiles with IR seeker alternatives
 +
* [[AIM-9C]] (IR: [[AIM-9D]])
 +
* [[R-23R]] (IR: [[R-23T]])
 +
* [[R-24R]] (IR: [[R-24T]])
 +
* [[R-27R]] (IR: [[R-27T]])
 +
* [[R-27ER]] (IR: [[R-27ET]])
 +
* [[Matra R530]] (IR: [[Matra R530E]])
  
 
== External links ==
 
== External links ==
−
''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''
+
<!-- ''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''
 +
* ''topic on the official game forum;''
 +
* ''other literature.'' -->
  
−
* ''topic on the official game forum;''
+
===References===
−
* ''encyclopedia page on the weapon;''
+
 
−
* ''other literature.''
+
;Citations:
 +
<references />
 +
 
 +
;Bibliography:
 +
 
 +
* Gordon, Yefim. 2004. ''Soviet/Russian Aircraft Weapons Since World War II.'' England: Midland Publishing.
 +
* <nowiki>Missilery.info</nowiki>. n.d. "R-3S aircraft missile (K-13, item 310 and 310A)." Accessed February 18, 2022. [https://en.missilery.info/missile/r3c Website] ([https://web.archive.org/web/20220218133952/https://en.missilery.info/missile/r3c Archive])
  
 
{{Missiles}}
 
{{Missiles}}
  
 
[[Category:Suspended armaments]]
 
[[Category:Suspended armaments]]

Latest revision as of 06:46, 27 March 2024

This page is about the semi-active radar homing missile R-3R. For the infrared homing version, see R-3S.
R-3Rs mounted on the MiG-21SMT

Description

The R-3R missile (scale is approximate)


The R-3R (K-13R, AA-2C 'Atoll') is a is a Soviet semi-active radar-homing air-to-air missile. Based on the R-3S missile, the missile shares the same manoeuvrability and warhead characteristics that makes the missile more viable at shorter ranges.

Vehicles equipped with this weapon

General info

Missile characteristics
Mass 75 kg
Guidance SARH
Signal Pulse
Lock range 8 km
Launch range 9 km
Maximum speed 1.7 M
Maximum overload 10 G
Missile guidance time 21 secs
Explosive mass 8.8 kg TNTeq

Effective damage

Warhead has a TNT equivalent explosive mass of 8.8 kg which is usually sufficient to destroy targeted aircraft that come within the fuse detonation range with one hit. It does however have the lowest explosive mass of any radar guided missile in-game.

Comparison with analogues

The R-3R is equipped with an identical warhead to that found on the R-3S.

Usage in battles

As with other radar missiles, acquiring stable radar lock is easiest at higher altitude. The R-3R performs best at and above 2,000 m, however it can lock onto an enemy above you even at low altitude should you pitch up steeply to avoid ground clutter. Due to the missile's relatively low speed of Mach 1.7, long-range intercepts are unreliable as the missile will struggle to intercept before running out of fuel. One good remedy to this issue is to pick up higher altitude targets with your radar and approach from head-on either level or slightly below the enemy's altitude. Spool up the missile but do not fire from further than 5 km out as missile lock can be intermittent beyond this. When fired in a head-on between 5 to 1.25 km, the missile has a significant chance of successful intercept if you maintain radar lock with the target and they fail to make significant evasive action. Missiles fired in a head-on close in at much greater relative speeds thus little time is provided to evade. Be aware that the F-8E has a much faster AIM-9C missile so it will win in head-ons.

Pros and cons

Pros:

  • Capable of hitting targets at lower altitudes if lock can be attained
  • Spools up quickly and tracks fast enough to hit targets in a head-on even when fired at ranges just over 1 km
  • Uncaged seeker with large firing arc after locking target

Cons:

  • Relatively low 10G overload compared to other air-to-air missiles and all other radar missiles
  • Relatively slow intercept speed
  • Smallest warhead of all radar guided air-to-air missiles
  • Low launch overload limit

History

Work began on adapting the R-3S missile with a Semi-Active Radar Homing (SARH) warhead in 1961 under the bureau designation Izdeliye 320, with expectations that it could be used in high-altitude engagements.[1] Though limited by the dimensions of the R-3S missile, improvements could be made to the warhead, rocket motor, and fins. In the front, a new semi-active radar seeker was installed, surrounded by dielectric fairing. For the rudders in front, a new rudder actuator package was installed that attached an electronic module that adjusts the rudder deflection to better suit the missile's flight based on altitude and target distance. Behind the rudder was the warhead alongside the new Yastreb radar proximity fuse, the latter which has a diameter wider than the missile's body, creating a bulge in the missile body that contains the fuse's transmitter/receiver antennas.[2] It is not known what specific upgrade, if any, were done to the rocket motor. These modifications to the missile increased the length by 580 mm and the weight by 7.1 kg.[2]

Izdeliye 320 was ready for production in 1965-66, with the missile index designated R-3R (also known as K-13R, or the US codename AA-2C).[1][2] The weapon would be accepted into service by 1968.[3] The R-3R's SARH seeker allowed for an all-aspect engagement with the target. The missile was effective up to 21 km in altitude, with an effective range between 0.3 to 15 km.[1] The R-3R was compatible with the APU-13U-2 launch rails, which were installed in later models of the MiG-21 (from S to bis) and early MiG-23 variants.

A fixed acquisition "training" round was also produced for the R-3R, designated the R-3RU (Izdeliye 328) which was effectively a R-3U (training round for the R-3S) with a SARH seeker installed and with the fins retained without rudder nor rollerons.[2]

Media

Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.

See also

Other SARH missiles with IR seeker alternatives

External links

References

Citations
  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Missilery.info n.d.
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 Gordon 2004, 26-28
  3. ↑ Gordon 2004, 30
Bibliography
  • Gordon, Yefim. 2004. Soviet/Russian Aircraft Weapons Since World War II. England: Midland Publishing.
  • Missilery.info. n.d. "R-3S aircraft missile (K-13, item 310 and 310A)." Accessed February 18, 2022. Website (Archive)


Missiles
USA 
AAM  AIM-54A Phoenix · AIM-54C Phoenix · ATAS (AIM-92)
Sparrow  AIM-7C · AIM-7D · AIM-7E · AIM-7E-2 · AIM-7F · AIM-7M
Sidewinder  AIM-9B · AIM-9C · AIM-9D · AIM-9E · AIM-9G · AIM-9H · AIM-9J · AIM-9L · AIM-9M · AIM-9P
AGM  AGM-22 · APKWS II (M151) · APKWS II (M282) · BGM-71D TOW-2
Bullpup  AGM-12B Bullpup · AGM-12C Bullpup
Hellfire  AGM-114B Hellfire · AGM-114K Hellfire II
Maverick  AGM-65A · AGM-65B · AGM-65D
ATGM  LOSAT/MGM-166A
TOW  BGM-71 · BGM-71A · BGM-71B · BGM-71C
SAM  FIM-92 Stinger · MIM-72 · MIM146
Naval SAM  RIM-24A
Germany 
AAM  AIM-9B FGW.2 Sidewinder · Flz Lwf 63/80
AGM  9M14M Malyutka · Flz Lwf LB 82 · HOT-1 · HOT-2 TOW · HOT-3 · PARS 3 LR
AShM  AS.34 Kormoran
ATGM  HOT-K3S
SAM  Roland
USSR 
AAM  9M39 Igla · R-3R · R-3S · R-13M1 · R-23R · R-23T · R-24R · R-24T · R-27ER(1) · R-27ET(1) · R-27R(1) · R-27T(1) · R-60 · R-60M · R-60MK · R-73(E)
AGM  9K127 Vikhr · 9M17M Falanga · 9M120 Ataka · 9M120-1 Ataka
  Kh-23M · Kh-25 · Kh-25ML · Kh-29L · Kh-29T · Kh-29TE · Kh-29TD · Kh-66 · S-25L
ATGM  3M7 · 9M14 · 9M113 Konkurs · 9M114 Shturm · 9M123 Khrizantema · 9M133 · 9M133FM3 · 9M133M-2
SAM  95Ya6 · 9M311 · 9M311-1M · 9M331 · 9M37M
Naval SAM  Volna-M
Britain 
AAM  Fireflash · Firestreak · Red Top · Skyflash · Skyflash SuperTEMP · SRAAM
AGM  AS.12 · ZT-6 Mokopa
AShM  AJ.168
ATGM  BAe Swingfire · MILAN · MILAN 2 · ZT3
SAM  Starstreak
Japan 
AAM  AAM-3
AGM  Ki-148 I-Go Model 1B
ATGM  Type 64 MAT · Type 79 Jyu-MAT
SAM  Type 81 SAM-1C · Type 91
China 
AAM  PL-2 · PL-5B · PL-5C · PL-7 · PL-8 · TY-90
AGM  AKD-9 · AKD-10 · HJ-8A · HJ-8C · HJ-8E · HJ-8H
ATGM  302 · HJ-73 · HJ-73E · HJ-9 · QN201DD · QN502CDD
SAM  HN-6
Italy 
AAM  Aspide-1A
AGM  CIRIT · L-UMTAS · Spike ER
ATGM  Spike-LR2MR
Naval AShM  Nettuno
SAM  Mistral SATCP
France 
AAM  AA-20 Nord · Matra R511 · Matra R530 · Matra R530E · Matra Super 530D · Matra Super 530F · Matra R550 Magic 1 · Matra R550 Magic 2 · Mistral
AGM  9M14-2 Malyutka-2 · AS-20 Nord · AS-30 Nord · AS-30L Nord · HOT-1 · HOT-2 TOW · HOT-3 · Spike ER
ATGM  HOT · SS.11
SAM  Roland · VT1
Sweden 
AAM  RB24 · RB24J · RB71 · RB 74 · RB 74(M)
AGM  Rb05A · RB 53 Bantam · RB 55B Heli TOW · RB 55C Heli TOW · RB 75
ATGM  Rbs 55 · Rbs 56
SAM  Rbs 70
Israel 
AAM  Shafrir · Shafrir 2 · Python 3
ATGM  Spike-MR
  AAM = Air-to-Air Missile   AGM = Air-to-Ground Missile   AShM = Anti-Ship Missile   ATGM = Anti-Tank Guided Missile (Ground mounts)   SAM = Surface-to-Air Missile

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