Difference between revisions of "M168 (20 mm)"

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(Created page with "== Description == ''Write an introduction to the article in 2-3 small paragraphs. Briefly tell about the history of the devekopment and combat using of the weaponry and also a...")
 
(Available ammunition)
 
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== Description ==
 
== Description ==
''Write an introduction to the article in 2-3 small paragraphs. Briefly tell about the history of the devekopment and combat using of the weaponry and also about it's features. Make a air or ground vehicles list on which this weapon is installed in our game.''
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<!-- ''Write an introduction to the article in 2-3 small paragraphs. Briefly tell us about the history of the development and combat using the weaponry and also about its features. Compile a list of air, ground, or naval vehicles that feature this weapon system in the game.'' -->
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The '''20 mm M168''' is a ground version of the [[M61 (20 mm)|M61 family]] of 20 mm (0.787-in) calibre rotary weapons systems, In the game, it is only installed on the [[M163]] in a Vulcan Air Defence System (VADS) mounting.
  
 
=== Vehicles equipped with this weapon ===
 
=== Vehicles equipped with this weapon ===
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<!-- ''List out vehicles that are equipped with the weapon.'' -->
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* {{Specs-Link|us_m163_vulcan}}
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* {{Specs-Link|il_m163_vulcan}}
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* {{Specs-Link|il_machbet}}
  
 
== General info ==
 
== General info ==
''Tell us about the tactical and technical characteristics of the cannon or machine gun.''
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<!-- ''Tell us about the tactical and technical characteristics of the cannon or machine gun.'' -->
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Fitting as a variant of the M61 Vulcan, the M168 retains the weapon's notable high rate of fire for an anti-aircraft role. The high rate of fire of the weapon ensures that in the event of a hit, multiple rounds can potentially hit and either cripple or destroy the air asset.
  
=== Available shells ===
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=== Available ammunition ===
''Describe the shells that are available for the cannon and their features and purpose. If it iconcerns autocanons or machine guns, so write about different ammo belts and what is inside (which types of shells).''
+
<!-- ''Describe the shells that are available for the weapon and their features and purpose. If it concerns autocannons or machine guns, write about different ammo belts and what is inside (which types of shells).'' -->
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* '''Default:''' {{Annotation|AP-I|Armour-piercing incendiary}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEI-T|High-explosive incendiary tracer}}{{-}}{{Annotation|API-T|Armour-piercing incendiary tracer}}
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* '''HEI:''' {{Annotation|HEI-T|High-explosive incendiary tracer}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEF-I|High-explosive fragmentation incendiary}}{{-}}{{Annotation|API-T|Armour-piercing incendiary tracer}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEF-I|High-explosive fragmentation incendiary}}
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* '''AP-I:''' {{Annotation|AP-I|Armour-piercing incendiary}}{{-}}{{Annotation|API-T|Armour-piercing incendiary tracer}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEF-I|High-explosive fragmentation incendiary}}{{-}}{{Annotation|API-T|Armour-piercing incendiary tracer}}
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{{:{{PAGENAME}}/Ammunition|AP-I, API-T, HEF-I, HEI-T}}
  
 
=== Comparison with analogues ===
 
=== Comparison with analogues ===
''Give a comparative description of cannons/machine guns, that have firepower equal to these type of weapons.''
+
<!-- ''Give a comparative description of cannons/machine guns that have firepower equal to this weapon.'' -->
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In the game, very few other anti-aircraft armament can match the fire rate of the M168 as the others consist of multiple single-barreled armaments on a vehicle mount rather than a rotary cannon design.
  
== Usage in the battles ==
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That said, one of the few weapons that is close to the M168's rate of fire and lethality is the [[AZP-23 (23 mm)|23 mm AZP-23]] on the [[ZSU-23-4]] SPAAG, which altogether with four cannons can reach a rather high rate of fire.
''Describe the cannon/machine gun in the game - its distinctive features, tactics of usage against the main opponents. Please don't write a "guide" - do not impose a single point of view, but give the reader food for thought.''
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 +
== Usage in battles ==
 +
''Describe the cannon/machine gun in the game - its distinctive features, tactics of usage against notable opponents. Please don't write a "guide" - do not impose a single point of view, but give the reader food for thought.''
  
 
=== Pros and cons ===
 
=== Pros and cons ===
''Summarize and briefly evaluate the weaponry in terms of its characteristics and combat effectiveness. Mark pros and cons as a list.''
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''Summarise and briefly evaluate the weaponry in terms of its characteristics and combat effectiveness. Mark pros and cons as a list.''
  
 
'''Pros:'''
 
'''Pros:'''
 +
 
*
 
*
  
 
'''Cons:'''
 
'''Cons:'''
 +
 
*
 
*
  
== Historical part ==
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== History ==
''Examine the history of the creation and combat usage of this weapon. If the historical reference turns out to be big one, take it into a separate article and add a link to it by using the "main" template. In the end be sure to include references to sources.''
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<!-- ''Examine the history of the creation and combat usage of the weapon in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the weapon and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Weapon-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>.'' -->
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The M168 is a land-based variant of the [[M61 (20 mm)|M61 Vulcan]] aircraft cannon. It came about as part of the "Interim Forward Area Air Defense" project which aimed to adapt the [[AIM-9D Sidewinder]] to serve as a surface-to-air missile resulting in the MIM-72 Chaparral. However, there was concern that, at shorter ranges, the time needed to acquire a lock-on would make it difficult for the Sidewinder to eliminate the target. The solution for short-range engagements was to take the M61 Vulcan and use it as a manually targeted anti-aircraft weapon. The result was the M168 which was mounted in two versions. The first configuration was the [[M163|M163 VADS]] (Vulcan Air Defense System), which takes the cannon and mounts it on the M741 carrier (a variant of the venerable [[M113 (Family)|M113 APC]]) which combined the gun with rotating turret, an AN/VPS-2 range-only radar, an M61 lead calculating sight, and had the option to mount the AN/PVS night vision sights. The M168 fires at 3,000 rounds per minute, half the rate of the Vulcan for stability reasons, with the gun having the option to fire in bursts from 10 to 100 rounds or at 1,000 rounds per minute in continuous fire mode. The range of the gun is 3,100 feet. The later alternative model is the the M167 VADS, a towed variant of the M168 with the tractor unit being the Gamma Goat initially before being replaced by the Humvee. The M168 was used on the VADS in the United States before it was retired and still sees service in Israel on the [[Machbet]]. The M167 saw service in the US but also Belgium, Chile and Morocco and remains in use with Botswana, Egypt, Honduras, Japan, South Korea, Sudan, Thailand, Uruguay and Yemen.
  
 
== Media ==
 
== Media ==
''An excellent addition to the article would be a video guide, as well as screenshots from the game and photos.''
+
''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.''
  
== Read also ==
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== See also ==
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example,''
+
<!-- ''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''
 
* ''reference to the article about the variant of the cannon/machine gun;''
 
* ''reference to the article about the variant of the cannon/machine gun;''
* ''references to approximate analogues by other nations and research trees.''
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* ''references to approximate analogues by other nations and research trees.'' -->
''ETC.''
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* [[M61 (20 mm)]]
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* [[JM61A1 (20 mm)]]
  
== Sources ==
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== External links ==
 
''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''
 
''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''
* ''topic on the official game forum''
+
 
* ''page on the Wikipedia''
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* ''topic on the official game forum;''
* ''page on aircraft or gorund forces encyclopedia''
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* ''other literature.''
* ''other literature''
 
  
 
{{Britain and USA anti-aircraft guns}}
 
{{Britain and USA anti-aircraft guns}}
 +
{{Israel anti-aircraft guns}}
  
 
[[Category:Anti-aircraft guns]]
 
[[Category:Anti-aircraft guns]]

Latest revision as of 19:20, 16 January 2023

Description

The 20 mm M168 is a ground version of the M61 family of 20 mm (0.787-in) calibre rotary weapons systems, In the game, it is only installed on the M163 in a Vulcan Air Defence System (VADS) mounting.

Vehicles equipped with this weapon

General info

Fitting as a variant of the M61 Vulcan, the M168 retains the weapon's notable high rate of fire for an anti-aircraft role. The high rate of fire of the weapon ensures that in the event of a hit, multiple rounds can potentially hit and either cripple or destroy the air asset.

Available ammunition

  • Default: AP-I · HEI-T · API-T
  • HEI: HEI-T · HEF-I · API-T · HEF-I
  • AP-I: AP-I · API-T · HEF-I · API-T

Penetration statistics
Ammunition Penetration @ 0° Angle of Attack (mm)
10 m 100 m 500 m 1,000 m 1,500 m 2,000 m
AP-I 40 36 22 12 6 3
API-T 40 36 22 12 6 3
HEF-I 5 5 3 2 2 2
HEI-T 5 5 3 2 2 2
Shell details
Ammunition Velocity
(m/s)
Projectile
mass (kg)
Fuse delay
(m)
Fuse sensitivity
(mm)
Explosive mass
(TNT equivalent) (g)
Ricochet
0% 50% 100%
AP-I 1,030 0.1 - - - 47° 56° 65°
API-T 1,030 0.1 - - - 47° 60° 65°
HEF-I 1,030 0.1 0.1 0.1 17.12 - - -
HEI-T 1,030 0.1 0.1 0.1 12 79° 80° 81°

Comparison with analogues

In the game, very few other anti-aircraft armament can match the fire rate of the M168 as the others consist of multiple single-barreled armaments on a vehicle mount rather than a rotary cannon design.

That said, one of the few weapons that is close to the M168's rate of fire and lethality is the 23 mm AZP-23 on the ZSU-23-4 SPAAG, which altogether with four cannons can reach a rather high rate of fire.

Usage in battles

Describe the cannon/machine gun in the game - its distinctive features, tactics of usage against notable opponents. Please don't write a "guide" - do not impose a single point of view, but give the reader food for thought.

Pros and cons

Summarise and briefly evaluate the weaponry in terms of its characteristics and combat effectiveness. Mark pros and cons as a list.

Pros:

Cons:

History

The M168 is a land-based variant of the M61 Vulcan aircraft cannon. It came about as part of the "Interim Forward Area Air Defense" project which aimed to adapt the AIM-9D Sidewinder to serve as a surface-to-air missile resulting in the MIM-72 Chaparral. However, there was concern that, at shorter ranges, the time needed to acquire a lock-on would make it difficult for the Sidewinder to eliminate the target. The solution for short-range engagements was to take the M61 Vulcan and use it as a manually targeted anti-aircraft weapon. The result was the M168 which was mounted in two versions. The first configuration was the M163 VADS (Vulcan Air Defense System), which takes the cannon and mounts it on the M741 carrier (a variant of the venerable M113 APC) which combined the gun with rotating turret, an AN/VPS-2 range-only radar, an M61 lead calculating sight, and had the option to mount the AN/PVS night vision sights. The M168 fires at 3,000 rounds per minute, half the rate of the Vulcan for stability reasons, with the gun having the option to fire in bursts from 10 to 100 rounds or at 1,000 rounds per minute in continuous fire mode. The range of the gun is 3,100 feet. The later alternative model is the the M167 VADS, a towed variant of the M168 with the tractor unit being the Gamma Goat initially before being replaced by the Humvee. The M168 was used on the VADS in the United States before it was retired and still sees service in Israel on the Machbet. The M167 saw service in the US but also Belgium, Chile and Morocco and remains in use with Botswana, Egypt, Honduras, Japan, South Korea, Sudan, Thailand, Uruguay and Yemen.

Media

Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.

See also

External links

Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:

  • topic on the official game forum;
  • other literature.


Britain and USA anti-aircraft guns
7.92 mm  BESA
12.7 mm  M2HB
20 mm  GAI C01 · M168 · Oerlikon Mk.II · Polsten
25 mm  GAU-12U
30 mm  HSS 831L
35 mm  GA-35
37 mm  M1A2
40 mm  Bofors L/60 · Dual Automatic Gun M2 · M266
  Foreign:
23 mm  ZU-23 (USSR)
35 mm  Oerlikon KDA (Swiss)

Israel anti-aircraft guns
20 mm  Hispano 404 (France) · M168 (USA)
23 mm  AZP-23 (USSR)
57 mm  S-68 (USSR)