Difference between revisions of "J6B"

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The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} Swedish fighter {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.95 "Northern Wind"]].
 
The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} Swedish fighter {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.95 "Northern Wind"]].
  
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The {{PAGENAME}} is a follow on development to the Svenska Aero AB (SAAB)’s venture into developing biplane fighters for the Swedish military. Having relied on foreign examples already in production, Svenska Aero attempted to combine the best of what they found into a single aircraft. The first iteration developed was the J5 Jaktfalken and for a first try was a really good fighter, though besought with a few critical problems.
+
Designed and manufactured in Sweden during the early 1930's, the {{PAGENAME}} biplane fighter was the last biplane fighter to be designed in Sweden and the last variant of its series to be built. It was manufactured by ASJA (AB Svenska Järnvägsverkstädernas Aeroplanavdelning) from 1933 to 1935 but the core-design was originally constructed by Svenska Aero AB (SA), which was purchased by ASJA in 1932.
  
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Modifications to fix the problem were aimed at reworking the fixed landing gear and widened the front part of the fuselage to incorporate the new Bristol Jupiter engine which was replacing the current Armstrong Siddeley Jaguar 14 cylinder radial engine which was originally specified. Most problems were fixed after Svenska Aero merged with Armstrong Siddeley Jaguar which included a modified stabilizer and a windscreen for the pilot and this model became known as the {{PAGENAME}}.
+
The {{PAGENAME}} served as a fighter aircraft in the Swedish air force between 1934 to 1938 and as a fighter-trainer from 1938 to 1940. Two {{PAGENAME}}'s were sent to Finland as war aid during the winter war. In Finland they were designated JF and served as trainers until 1945.
  
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With the major problems behind the upgraded {{PAGENAME}}, several were deployed with the Swedish Air Force and a few saw action while on loan to the Finnish Air Force. Though not a top speed aircraft compared to other reserve aircraft in the game, this fighter does utilize two 8 mm machine guns in which to eliminate its foes. Ammunition choices allow the pilot to select what is needed by what type of mission is available on the map. While its slower speed will not see it winning any speed competitions, it will, however, handle well in turning manoeuvres and if enough altitude is gained, Boom & Zoom tactics are an option against other turn fighters which are flying circles around the battle zone chasing each other. When firing against other aircraft, the 8 mm machine guns will do quite a bit of damage if fired within the 100 m to 300 m range as any farther out and you risk weaker shots making contact and not doing as much damage.
+
Though not a speedy aircraft compared to other reserve aircraft in the game, the {{PAGENAME}} features extremely good maneuverability and two nose mounted 8 mm fast firing machine guns which makes it extremely deadly in a skilled pilots hands, but at the same time, also very forgiving to the new player. It has access to a several ammunition belts which allows the {{PAGENAME}} to effectively fight both air and ground targets.
  
−
Assumptions can be made about this aircraft, however, pilots who fly it can prove that this biplane fighter is no slouch.
+
While its slower speed will not see it winning any speed competitions, it will, however, handle well in turning maneuvers and if enough altitude is gained, be able to quite effectively do Boom & Zoom maneuvers, which is useful if fighting other turn fighters. When firing against other aircraft, the 8 mm machine guns, with their high rate of fire, will do quite a bit of damage if fired within 600 meters, but with a skilled player they can effectively be used out to 1000 meters. Beyond 1000 meters the bullets looses to much energy and starts to tumble.
 +
 
 +
The aircraft might not look impressive on paper, but, any pilot with basic air combat knowledge can easily prove prove that this biplane fighter is no slouch. The great climb rate and maneuverability in combination with some creativity is all you need to perform and exceed in this aircraft.
  
 
== General info ==
 
== General info ==
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* Critical components located in front of aircraft (fuel, pilot, engine, controls)
 
* Critical components located in front of aircraft (fuel, pilot, engine, controls)
  
−
Like many aircraft just prior to the break out of World War II, the {{PAGENAME}} was not outfitted with any armour plating. The {{PAGENAME}} relied on its engine to get the aircraft where it needed to go and helped the aircraft get into a position where the guns should shoot down an enemy, any attempts to install armour plating would have only slowed down the already relatively slow biplane which would not have been worth the trade-off.
+
Like many aircraft just prior to the break out of World War II, the {{PAGENAME}} was not outfitted with any armor plating. The {{PAGENAME}} was designed during a time period when armor was not seen as viable due to its added weight. The added weight of armor lowered climb-rate, speed, maneuverability and range greatly due to the low power of most biplanes. Armor first started to appear during the later stages if the 1930's.  
  
 
To maintain the centre of balance for this fighter, the pilot, fuel tank and engine take up the fuselage from the middle to the front, any attacks on this aircraft in this zone risk hitting a critical component, ending the {{PAGENAME}}'s fight in the battle earlier than expected. With an open cockpit, fabric coverings and a mediocre engine, the survivability of this aircraft, for the most part, rests in the pilot's hands and their ability to out-think the enemy pilots.
 
To maintain the centre of balance for this fighter, the pilot, fuel tank and engine take up the fuselage from the middle to the front, any attacks on this aircraft in this zone risk hitting a critical component, ending the {{PAGENAME}}'s fight in the battle earlier than expected. With an open cockpit, fabric coverings and a mediocre engine, the survivability of this aircraft, for the most part, rests in the pilot's hands and their ability to out-think the enemy pilots.
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The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:
 
The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:
−
* 1 x 8 mm Ksp m/22 Fh machine gun, nose-mounted (500 rpg)
+
* 1 x 8 mm ksp m/22 Fh (fixed right) machine gun, nose-mounted (500 rpg)
−
* 1 x 8 mm Ksp m/22 Fv machine gun, nose-mounted (500 rpg)
+
* 1 x 8 mm ksp m/22 Fv (fixed left) machine gun, nose-mounted (500 rpg)
 +
 
 +
The Swedish Air Force chose to outfit the {{PAGENAME}} with license-built copies of the FN Browning M1919 air cooled aircraft machine gun. These were designated kulspruta m/22 (originally flygplankulspruta m/22), or ksp m/22 for short, in Sweden and were originally chambered for the Swedish 6,5x55 m/94 cartridge. But as this cartridge was seen as too weak against aircraft by 1930, a more powerful 8x63 mm cartridge was introduced in 1932. This cartridge, which went under the designation 8 mm sk ptr m/32 (8 mm skarp patron m/32 )(8 mm live cartridge m/32), was extremely powerful compared to similar cartridges around the world.
 +
 
 +
==== Gun placement ====
 +
Both guns are mounted in the upper cowling and fires synchronized through the propeller arc. This makes it very easy to aim with the {{PAGENAME}} as the bullets always flies in the same line as the aircraft. Aircraft with wing mounted guns are much harder to aim as they have to deal with convergence calculations to hit aircraft. However, bullet drop over distance is still a consideration.
 +
 
 +
Typically in biplanes, the most effective range for disabling or destroying another aircraft is around 100 to 250 meters, although reliable damage can be sent out to ca 600 meters or more with a potent pilot. Many ace pilots from all sides of the war stated that when the enemy filled the windscreen, there was no way you could not hit, thereby guaranteeing a hit and conserving ammunition.
  
−
The Swedish Air Force chose to outfit the {{PAGENAME}} with license-built copies of the Browning M1919 machine gun, however originally was calibrated for 6.5 mm however this round was found to be less effective against fabric-covered aircraft and so the gun was recalibrated up to 8 mm. The Swedish variant is listed as the Ksp m/22 machine gun of which two were mounted on this fighter. One of the benefits of the armament setup on the {{PAGENAME}} is that both machine guns are mounted in the fuselage, synchronized to fire through the propeller arc. Effectively, this aircraft is a point-and-shoot where the pilot will not have to deal with wing-mounted convergence calculations, however, bullet drop over distance is still a consideration. Typically in biplanes, the most effective range for disabling or destroying another aircraft, 100 to 250 m is best for close-in fighting, typically as one gets farther out from there, bullets lose some of their punch.
+
==== Effekt ====
 +
The fire-rate of the {{PAGENAME}}'s guns are an above average 1200 rounds per minute. This is an ideal fire rate as it is high enough to deal a high amount of damage per minute (DPS) but at the same time allow for longer bursts of fire before overheating. The ammunition amount of 500 rounds per gun is also within the ideal for this fire rate. 1200 rounds per minute means 20 shots per second which in return means that it takes 25 seconds to fire through a full magazine. 25 seconds is more than enough for 4-5 kills if all shorts connects. The average burst time before the guns starts to overheat is about 5-6 seconds which is more than enough time to tear a plane apart.
  
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Many ace pilots from all sides of the war stated that when the enemy filled the windscreen, there was no way you could not hit, thereby guaranteeing a hit and conserving ammunition. The {{PAGENAME}} does not have the machine-gun speed of those found on some Russian biplanes as it is necessary to synchronize the firing of the guns in the fuselage to fire through the propeller arc. With 1,000 rounds of ammunition distributed between both machine guns, it is recommended to fire in short bursts, mainly to prevent overheating and jamming of the machine guns. Typically you can continuously fire about 225 rounds of ammunition before the guns jam up and require a cool down before they can be used again.
+
==== Belts ====
 +
The {{PAGENAME}} has access to 7 belt types. The default belt and ground target belts are effectively the same as they use the same composition of bullets except that the order is different. Due to this there is no reason to use the ground targets belts. The same deal goes for the universal belt and air targets belt. They both shares the same composition of bullets except that the composition is different.
  
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When possible, change out the default ammunition belts for either tracer belts which are very effective against other biplanes, especially those which have fabric coverings and non-self sealing fuel tanks as tracer rounds have a good chance of setting planes on fire which can rarely put the flames out. Air belts are another good choice due to the explosive filler in the round which helps to damage or disable aircraft faster than regular bullets. For those pilots who like to sneak into a fight and catch enemy aircraft unaware, stealth belts are the way to go as there are no tracer rounds to give away your position. The enemy pilots tend to realize where the stealth bullets are coming from only too late as their aircraft is coming apart and falling to the ground.
+
In any case, there are 4 belts which are of use for the average player.
 +
* '''Tracers''': This belt is very effective against other biplanes, especially those which have fabric coverings and non-self sealing fuel tanks. Tracer bullets, due to their fosfor tracer load, has a good chance of setting unprotected planes on fire. This is a good combination at tier 1 as a lot of planes lacks self-sealing fuel tanks.
 +
* '''Air targets/Universal''': These belts contains 1 tracer bullet, one armor piercing bullet and 2 incendiary bullets. As noted previously the tracer bullets are good at setting biplanes one fire. The incendiary bullets are good at setting full metal monoplanes on fire.
 +
* '''Stealth''': These belts lacks a tracer bullet and only consist of armor piercing and incendiary. Due to this they are ideal for attacking unsuspecting targets as they cannot see the strings of bullets flying out from your machine guns. On the other hand, neither can you. The way to use stealth is to know the projectile paths by hart so you can calculate the trajectory without tracers. A lot of seasoned players uses stealth belts as they find tracers annoying and misleading.
 +
* '''Armored targets''': This belt apparently uses tungsten bullets instead of steel ones. This gives it an impressive penetration of 18 mmm at 500 meters. This is enough to penetrate some light tanks from the side or from the top. Although, the bullets do minor damage at best. In any case it is possible to engage light pillboxes and light tanks with this belt unlike the rest.
  
 
== Usage in battles ==
 
== Usage in battles ==
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* Great handling characteristics
 
* Great handling characteristics
−
* Large choice of machine gun ammo belts
+
* Good climb rate
 +
* Nose mounted armament
 +
* High rate of fire for main guns
 +
* Large ammunition amount
 +
* Large choice of ammunition belts for main guns
 +
* Self-sealing fuel tanks
  
 
'''Cons:'''
 
'''Cons:'''
  
−
* Average speed near the ground, slow level flight
+
* Below average speed near the ground, slow level flight
−
* Weak armament
+
* Weak armament against full metal aircraft
 +
* Unprotected
  
 
== History ==
 
== History ==
 
<!-- ''Describe the history of the creation and combat usage of the aircraft in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the vehicle and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Vehicle-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>. This section may also include the vehicle's dev blog entry (if applicable) and the in-game encyclopedia description (under <code><nowiki>=== In-game description ===</nowiki></code>, also if applicable).'' -->
 
<!-- ''Describe the history of the creation and combat usage of the aircraft in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the vehicle and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Vehicle-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>. This section may also include the vehicle's dev blog entry (if applicable) and the in-game encyclopedia description (under <code><nowiki>=== In-game description ===</nowiki></code>, also if applicable).'' -->
  
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Svenska Aero AB (SAAB) worked on a private venture to develop a biplane fighter, and to build a fighter which the Swedish Air Force could use, however guidance and direction were not forthcoming by the military, so Svenska Aero turned to foreign-built aircraft to gain inspiration from what was working. The resulting fighter was the Jaktfalken, a relatively standard biplane format fighter which utilised fixed landing gear and like many other early fighters a tail skid instead of a wheel. While the fuselage was constructed of welded beams which were covered in fabric, several portions of the fore and aft section were covered with aluminium sheeting. A 14-cylinder Armstrong Siddeley Jaguar radial engine was outfitted with a fuel tank just aft with the cockpit following right behind.
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The {{PAGENAME}} is a Swedish designed and manufactured biplane fighter from the early 1930's. It was the last biplane fighter to be designed in Sweden and the last version of its aircraft-model to be built. Its designer and manufacturer, AB Svenska Järnvägsverkstädernas Aeroplanavdelning (The Swedish iron-works aeroplane department Ltd)(ASJA for short), acquired the base-model when they bought the company Svenska Aero AB (Swedish Aero Ltd)(SA for short) in 1932. Svenska Aero AB had designed and manufactured 3 previous iterations of the {{PAGENAME}} during a 4 year period prior to their acquisition by ASJA in 1932.
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 +
To get a good understanding of the {{PAGENAME}}'s history it is necessary to tell the history of its original designer, Svenska Aero AB as well as its previous iterations.
 +
 
 +
=== Svenska Aero AB ===
 +
Svenska Aero AB was founded in 1921 as a response to the limitations put on the German aviation industry after WWI. Germany was not allowed to export military aircraft which led to a lot of German aviation companies and engineers to move work abroad. One of these were the German pilot and aviation-enthusiast Carl Clemens Bücker, known today for his popular WWII trainer aircraft such as the Bü 131 och Bü 133.
 +
 
 +
Carl Clemens Bücker had been a marine-pilot in WWI, a time period were he among others had befriended Ernst Heinkel. In 1920 after the war, Bücker moved to Sweden in hope of starting an aviation company. After a year in Sweden, Bücker acquired Swedish citizenship and became a pilot for the Swedish torpedo department of Stockholm, as well as an adviser for the Swedish navy air corps. As a starter to his planned aviation company, Bücker planned to buy a reconnaissance aircraft from German company Caspar-Werke, which would then be smuggled to Sweden in parts. To make the purchase easier, Bücker would first have to found his aviation company, which he did with a bit of help from Ernst Heinkel. Once the company was created Bücker quit his job as an adviser for the Swedish navy to become the CEO and sole manager of the company.
 +
 
 +
The new company was named Svenska Aero AB and operated from the municipality Lidingö in Stockholm. Svenska Aero AB initially built planes under license from Caspar-Werke and Heinkel but the manufacturing capability of Svenska Aero AB was at the start very limited and the first planes built by the company were in fact fabricated secretly in Germany by Caspar-Werke or Heinkel and later put together by the Swedish torpedo department of Stockholm were Bücker had connections. Eventually though, around 1927, the company instituted their own construction department with the intent to construct in-house designs. A Swedish airplane constructor by the name of Sven Blomberg was hired as chief designer. Blomberg had previously worked for Heinkel Flugzeugwerke in Germany.
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 +
=== SA-11 Jaktfalken (J5) ===
 +
Once the construction department was set up the company initiated the construction of 2 aircraft which they intended to propose to the newly formed Swedish air force. One of these was a fighter which they came to name Jaktfalken (the Gyrfalcon).
 +
 
 +
In 1928, Svenska Aero AB on their own initiative asked the Swedish air force for some preliminary guidelines for a fighter aircraft with the intent that they would develop such an aircraft for the Swedish air force at their own expense. The Swedish air force agreed and gave some basic specifications for what they wanted. Upon receiving these specifications Svenska Aero AB started a private venture to develop this fighter. As the company had deep ties to Heinkel a lot of design elements were taken directly from their aircraft. Svenska Aero also took a lot of inspiration from other fighter aircraft of the era.
 +
 
 +
The end product became known as SA-11 Jaktfalken (The Gyrfalcon), a conventional biplane fighter based on a mixed construction of fabric covered steel tubes and aluminium plates. The engine was an Armstrong Siddeley Jaguar radial engine with 500 hp. This propelled the SA-11 up to a maximum speed of 285 kph. A prototype was finished in 1929 and was flight ready by fall that year. The Swedish air force was impressed with Svenska Aero AB's fighter aircraft and wanted to test the prototype at the Svea air force wing in Barkarby. The Swedish air force test pilot Nils Söderberg was selected to fly the aircraft during this test. The first flights were problem free and after one of the landings Nils Söderberg commented that it was the best aircraft he had ever flown. Not long after, on the 11th of november 1929, the SA-11 was demonstrated before Swedish authorities and press who all noted how good of an aircraft it was. After this the Swedish air force decided to acquire 3 Jaktfalken-planes, the initial prototype as well as 2 improved ones. These would then be used in trials against 3 Bristol Bulldogs Mk.II's the air force planned to acquire.
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 +
On the 9th of februari 1930 the SA-11 prototype was purchased by the Swedish air force and given the designation J5, J standing for Jakt (Pursuit) and 5 meaning that it was the fifth registered fighter aircraft of the Swedish air force. ''(A note of interest is that the Swedish air force at this time numbered aircraft types based on their role. For example J1, J2, J3 and B1, B2, B3 etc. This was seen as somewhat problematic when planes changed roles. For example S7 was changed into B4. After 1940 that system was scrapped and numbers were given to each main aircraft type, for example Fpl 20, Fpl 21, Fpl 22, starting from the number 15. This way planes could easily be re-designated in case they had to change role. For example B18 > S18, or J29 > A29.)''
 +
 
 +
=== SA-14 Jaktfalkten I (J6) ===
 +
By februari 1930 the Swedish air force decided that the 2 improved Jaktfalken-planes were to use Bristol Jupiter VI engines which required Svenska Aero AB to modify the design in various ways. These aircraft were named SA-14 Jaktfalken I internally and received the designation J6 in the Swedish air force. An order for 5 more J6's soon followed for more testing.
 +
 
 +
Initial tests with the J6 showed complications with vibrations in the tail section. Both Svenska Aero AB and the Swedish air force's own production facilities tried to fix the problem without success. Despite this all aircraft entered service. Once the ordered Bristol Bulldogs had arrived to Sweden it was time for trials between them and the J6. The Bristol Bulldog formally entered service as the J7 in the Swedish air force. Trials between the J6 and J7 showed that the J6 had superior maneuverability and was easier to fly compared to the J7. However due to the limited production capacity of Svenska Aero AB the Swedish air force realized that they could never adopt the J6 in sufficient numbers. They tried to buy a license from Svenska Aero AB to produce the J6 in their own facilities but Svenska Aero AB turned it down. Due to this the Swedish air force decided in may 1931 to buy 8 improved Bristol Bulldog Mk.IIA-planes (J7A) to fulfill their needs. This prompted Svenska Aero AB to design an improved SA-14 for the air force to test.
 +
 
 +
=== SA-14 Jaktfalkten II (J6A & {{PAGENAME}}) ===
 +
The improved SA-14 got the name Jaktfalken II and featured a more powerful Jupiter VIIF engine as well an improved fuselage and landing gear. The Swedish air force decided to order 3 copies of Jaktfalken II for trials in late 1931. At this stage Svenska Aero AB was loosing money due to the low orders from the Swedish air force. This prompted Bücker to sell the company to ASJA in 1932, after which he returned to Germanay were he would found the much more successful Bücker Flugzeugbau aviation company.
 +
 
 +
The Swedish air force was however not finished with the J6 design. The Bristol Bulldog (J7) has shown itself to be a problematic design and 3 out of 11 aircraft had been destroyed within 2 years of entering service. On top of that the aircraft was prone to failure and almost every J7 in use had crash landed on at least one occasion. (A note of interest is that only two out of the original eleven J7's survived by the end of 1936) The J6's on the other hand had proven themselves as safe aircraft with only 1 destroyed by the summer of 1933. Due to this the Swedish air force ordered 7 improved Jaktfalken II aircraft from ASJA who now owned the design. ASJA further improved on the J6A design by modifying the windscreen and elevator which meant that the aircraft had to be considered a separate variant from the J6A. Due to this the 7 new planes got the designation {{PAGENAME}}.
  
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Initial tests of this aircraft resulted in positive reviews by test pilots of the Swedish Air Force, leading to the military to order three Jaktfalken to be built which would then side-by-side be tested against the British Bristol fighter the Bulldog II. The Jaktfalken prototype became known as the J5 by the Swedish Air Force, however, at the last minute in February 1930, the Air Administration reconsidered the ASJA 14-cylinder engine and ordered it to be replaced by a Bristol Jupiter engine which would become the standard engine to be used in the Swedish Air Force. To accept the new Jupiter VII engines, the fuselage needed to be modified along with the engine attachment points. Unfortunately, during test flights severe vibrations were encountered and further attempted modifications failed to correct this. Even with the vibrations issues unresolved, three of these fighters were delivered to the Swedish Air Force and redesignated as J6A fighters.
+
=== {{PAGENAME}} service life ===
 +
The {{PAGENAME}} entered service with the Swedish air force in 1934 with the last aircraft being delivered in 1935. In service the {{PAGENAME}} would serve with the F1 air force wing were it would initially be used as a fighter before being relegated to fighter-trainers in 1938. By this time the {{PAGENAME}} was hopelessly outdated even as a fighter trainer and by 1940 the planes were put in storage and eventually scrapped in 1941.
  
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Later as Svenska Aero and Armstrong Siddeley Jaguar merged, they worked on the issues plaguing the Jaktfalken fighter and installed a modified stabilizer and a windscreen for the pilot (previous versions did not have one) and these versions were delivered to the Swedish Air Force as J6B Jaktfalken II fighters. These fighters served the Swedish military for several years with three of them given to Finland to augment their air force during the 1939-1940 Winter War with the Soviet Union. By the end of 1941, all remaining operational J6B Jaktfalken II fighters in the Swedish inventory were scrapped and replaced by newer and more reliable fighters.
+
However, two {{PAGENAME}}'s and a J6A were donated as war air to Finland during the winter war. In Finnish service they would be re-designated to JF (for JaktFalken) and used as trainers. Finland could continue to use the JF until 1945 when they were all pulled from Service and scrapped.
  
 
== Media ==
 
== Media ==

Revision as of 13:50, 2 May 2020

RANK 6 BRITAIN
Rooikat 105 PACK
J6B
j6b.png
J6B
Sweden flag.png Sweden
I Rank
Battle rating:
AB RB SB
1.0 1.0 1.0
Class:
Research:Free
Purchase:Free
Show in game

Description

GarageImage J6B.jpg


The J6B is a rank I Swedish fighter with a battle rating of 1.0 (AB/RB/SB). It was introduced in Update 1.95 "Northern Wind".

Designed and manufactured in Sweden during the early 1930's, the J6B biplane fighter was the last biplane fighter to be designed in Sweden and the last variant of its series to be built. It was manufactured by ASJA (AB Svenska Järnvägsverkstädernas Aeroplanavdelning) from 1933 to 1935 but the core-design was originally constructed by Svenska Aero AB (SA), which was purchased by ASJA in 1932.

The J6B served as a fighter aircraft in the Swedish air force between 1934 to 1938 and as a fighter-trainer from 1938 to 1940. Two J6B's were sent to Finland as war aid during the winter war. In Finland they were designated JF and served as trainers until 1945.

Though not a speedy aircraft compared to other reserve aircraft in the game, the J6B features extremely good maneuverability and two nose mounted 8 mm fast firing machine guns which makes it extremely deadly in a skilled pilots hands, but at the same time, also very forgiving to the new player. It has access to a several ammunition belts which allows the J6B to effectively fight both air and ground targets.

While its slower speed will not see it winning any speed competitions, it will, however, handle well in turning maneuvers and if enough altitude is gained, be able to quite effectively do Boom & Zoom maneuvers, which is useful if fighting other turn fighters. When firing against other aircraft, the 8 mm machine guns, with their high rate of fire, will do quite a bit of damage if fired within 600 meters, but with a skilled player they can effectively be used out to 1000 meters. Beyond 1000 meters the bullets looses to much energy and starts to tumble.

The aircraft might not look impressive on paper, but, any pilot with basic air combat knowledge can easily prove prove that this biplane fighter is no slouch. The great climb rate and maneuverability in combination with some creativity is all you need to perform and exceed in this aircraft.

General info

Flight performance

Describe how the aircraft behaves in the air. Speed, manoeuvrability, acceleration and allowable loads - these are the most important characteristics of the vehicle.

Characteristics Max Speed
(km/h at 3,000 m) 		Max altitude
(metres) 		Turn time
(seconds) 		Rate of climb
(metres/second) 		Take-off run
(metres)
AB RB AB RB AB RB
Stock 311 298 7700 14.4 15.0 13.8 13.8 294
Upgraded 343 325 13.0 13.7 20.3 16.6

Details

Features
Combat flaps Take-off flaps Landing flaps Air brakes Arrestor gear
X X X X X
Limits
Wings (km/h) Gear (km/h) Flaps (km/h) Max Static G
Combat Take-off Landing + -
560 560 N/A N/A N/A ~12 ~6
Optimal velocities (km/h)
Ailerons Rudder Elevators Radiator
< 250 < 200 < 320 > 170

Survivability and armour

  • No armour plating
  • No armour glazing
  • Critical components located in front of aircraft (fuel, pilot, engine, controls)

Like many aircraft just prior to the break out of World War II, the J6B was not outfitted with any armor plating. The J6B was designed during a time period when armor was not seen as viable due to its added weight. The added weight of armor lowered climb-rate, speed, maneuverability and range greatly due to the low power of most biplanes. Armor first started to appear during the later stages if the 1930's.

To maintain the centre of balance for this fighter, the pilot, fuel tank and engine take up the fuselage from the middle to the front, any attacks on this aircraft in this zone risk hitting a critical component, ending the J6B's fight in the battle earlier than expected. With an open cockpit, fabric coverings and a mediocre engine, the survivability of this aircraft, for the most part, rests in the pilot's hands and their ability to out-think the enemy pilots.

Armaments

Offensive armament

Main articles: Ksp m/22 Fh (8 mm), Ksp m/22 Fv (8 mm)

The J6B is armed with:

  • 1 x 8 mm ksp m/22 Fh (fixed right) machine gun, nose-mounted (500 rpg)
  • 1 x 8 mm ksp m/22 Fv (fixed left) machine gun, nose-mounted (500 rpg)

The Swedish Air Force chose to outfit the J6B with license-built copies of the FN Browning M1919 air cooled aircraft machine gun. These were designated kulspruta m/22 (originally flygplankulspruta m/22), or ksp m/22 for short, in Sweden and were originally chambered for the Swedish 6,5x55 m/94 cartridge. But as this cartridge was seen as too weak against aircraft by 1930, a more powerful 8x63 mm cartridge was introduced in 1932. This cartridge, which went under the designation 8 mm sk ptr m/32 (8 mm skarp patron m/32 )(8 mm live cartridge m/32), was extremely powerful compared to similar cartridges around the world.

Gun placement

Both guns are mounted in the upper cowling and fires synchronized through the propeller arc. This makes it very easy to aim with the J6B as the bullets always flies in the same line as the aircraft. Aircraft with wing mounted guns are much harder to aim as they have to deal with convergence calculations to hit aircraft. However, bullet drop over distance is still a consideration.

Typically in biplanes, the most effective range for disabling or destroying another aircraft is around 100 to 250 meters, although reliable damage can be sent out to ca 600 meters or more with a potent pilot. Many ace pilots from all sides of the war stated that when the enemy filled the windscreen, there was no way you could not hit, thereby guaranteeing a hit and conserving ammunition.

Effekt

The fire-rate of the J6B's guns are an above average 1200 rounds per minute. This is an ideal fire rate as it is high enough to deal a high amount of damage per minute (DPS) but at the same time allow for longer bursts of fire before overheating. The ammunition amount of 500 rounds per gun is also within the ideal for this fire rate. 1200 rounds per minute means 20 shots per second which in return means that it takes 25 seconds to fire through a full magazine. 25 seconds is more than enough for 4-5 kills if all shorts connects. The average burst time before the guns starts to overheat is about 5-6 seconds which is more than enough time to tear a plane apart.

Belts

The J6B has access to 7 belt types. The default belt and ground target belts are effectively the same as they use the same composition of bullets except that the order is different. Due to this there is no reason to use the ground targets belts. The same deal goes for the universal belt and air targets belt. They both shares the same composition of bullets except that the composition is different.

In any case, there are 4 belts which are of use for the average player.

  • Tracers: This belt is very effective against other biplanes, especially those which have fabric coverings and non-self sealing fuel tanks. Tracer bullets, due to their fosfor tracer load, has a good chance of setting unprotected planes on fire. This is a good combination at tier 1 as a lot of planes lacks self-sealing fuel tanks.
  • Air targets/Universal: These belts contains 1 tracer bullet, one armor piercing bullet and 2 incendiary bullets. As noted previously the tracer bullets are good at setting biplanes one fire. The incendiary bullets are good at setting full metal monoplanes on fire.
  • Stealth: These belts lacks a tracer bullet and only consist of armor piercing and incendiary. Due to this they are ideal for attacking unsuspecting targets as they cannot see the strings of bullets flying out from your machine guns. On the other hand, neither can you. The way to use stealth is to know the projectile paths by hart so you can calculate the trajectory without tracers. A lot of seasoned players uses stealth belts as they find tracers annoying and misleading.
  • Armored targets: This belt apparently uses tungsten bullets instead of steel ones. This gives it an impressive penetration of 18 mmm at 500 meters. This is enough to penetrate some light tanks from the side or from the top. Although, the bullets do minor damage at best. In any case it is possible to engage light pillboxes and light tanks with this belt unlike the rest.

Usage in battles

Describe the tactics of playing in the aircraft, the features of using aircraft in a team and advice on tactics. Refrain from creating a "guide" - do not impose a single point of view, but instead, give the reader food for thought. Examine the most dangerous enemies and give recommendations on fighting them. If necessary, note the specifics of the game in different modes (AB, RB, SB).

Manual Engine Control

MEC elements
Mixer Pitch Radiator Supercharger Turbocharger
Oil Water Type
Controllable Not controllable
Not auto controlled 		Not controllable
Not auto controlled 		Not controllable
Not auto controlled 		Separate Not controllable
1 gear 		Not controllable

Modules

Tier Flight performance Survivability Weaponry
I Fuselage repair Radiator Offensive 8 mm
II Compressor Airframe
III Wings repair Engine New 8 mm MGs
IV Engine injection Cover

Pros and cons

Pros:

  • Great handling characteristics
  • Good climb rate
  • Nose mounted armament
  • High rate of fire for main guns
  • Large ammunition amount
  • Large choice of ammunition belts for main guns
  • Self-sealing fuel tanks

Cons:

  • Below average speed near the ground, slow level flight
  • Weak armament against full metal aircraft
  • Unprotected

History

The J6B is a Swedish designed and manufactured biplane fighter from the early 1930's. It was the last biplane fighter to be designed in Sweden and the last version of its aircraft-model to be built. Its designer and manufacturer, AB Svenska Järnvägsverkstädernas Aeroplanavdelning (The Swedish iron-works aeroplane department Ltd)(ASJA for short), acquired the base-model when they bought the company Svenska Aero AB (Swedish Aero Ltd)(SA for short) in 1932. Svenska Aero AB had designed and manufactured 3 previous iterations of the J6B during a 4 year period prior to their acquisition by ASJA in 1932.

To get a good understanding of the J6B's history it is necessary to tell the history of its original designer, Svenska Aero AB as well as its previous iterations.

Svenska Aero AB

Svenska Aero AB was founded in 1921 as a response to the limitations put on the German aviation industry after WWI. Germany was not allowed to export military aircraft which led to a lot of German aviation companies and engineers to move work abroad. One of these were the German pilot and aviation-enthusiast Carl Clemens Bücker, known today for his popular WWII trainer aircraft such as the Bü 131 och Bü 133.

Carl Clemens Bücker had been a marine-pilot in WWI, a time period were he among others had befriended Ernst Heinkel. In 1920 after the war, Bücker moved to Sweden in hope of starting an aviation company. After a year in Sweden, Bücker acquired Swedish citizenship and became a pilot for the Swedish torpedo department of Stockholm, as well as an adviser for the Swedish navy air corps. As a starter to his planned aviation company, Bücker planned to buy a reconnaissance aircraft from German company Caspar-Werke, which would then be smuggled to Sweden in parts. To make the purchase easier, Bücker would first have to found his aviation company, which he did with a bit of help from Ernst Heinkel. Once the company was created Bücker quit his job as an adviser for the Swedish navy to become the CEO and sole manager of the company.

The new company was named Svenska Aero AB and operated from the municipality Lidingö in Stockholm. Svenska Aero AB initially built planes under license from Caspar-Werke and Heinkel but the manufacturing capability of Svenska Aero AB was at the start very limited and the first planes built by the company were in fact fabricated secretly in Germany by Caspar-Werke or Heinkel and later put together by the Swedish torpedo department of Stockholm were Bücker had connections. Eventually though, around 1927, the company instituted their own construction department with the intent to construct in-house designs. A Swedish airplane constructor by the name of Sven Blomberg was hired as chief designer. Blomberg had previously worked for Heinkel Flugzeugwerke in Germany.

SA-11 Jaktfalken (J5)

Once the construction department was set up the company initiated the construction of 2 aircraft which they intended to propose to the newly formed Swedish air force. One of these was a fighter which they came to name Jaktfalken (the Gyrfalcon).

In 1928, Svenska Aero AB on their own initiative asked the Swedish air force for some preliminary guidelines for a fighter aircraft with the intent that they would develop such an aircraft for the Swedish air force at their own expense. The Swedish air force agreed and gave some basic specifications for what they wanted. Upon receiving these specifications Svenska Aero AB started a private venture to develop this fighter. As the company had deep ties to Heinkel a lot of design elements were taken directly from their aircraft. Svenska Aero also took a lot of inspiration from other fighter aircraft of the era.

The end product became known as SA-11 Jaktfalken (The Gyrfalcon), a conventional biplane fighter based on a mixed construction of fabric covered steel tubes and aluminium plates. The engine was an Armstrong Siddeley Jaguar radial engine with 500 hp. This propelled the SA-11 up to a maximum speed of 285 kph. A prototype was finished in 1929 and was flight ready by fall that year. The Swedish air force was impressed with Svenska Aero AB's fighter aircraft and wanted to test the prototype at the Svea air force wing in Barkarby. The Swedish air force test pilot Nils Söderberg was selected to fly the aircraft during this test. The first flights were problem free and after one of the landings Nils Söderberg commented that it was the best aircraft he had ever flown. Not long after, on the 11th of november 1929, the SA-11 was demonstrated before Swedish authorities and press who all noted how good of an aircraft it was. After this the Swedish air force decided to acquire 3 Jaktfalken-planes, the initial prototype as well as 2 improved ones. These would then be used in trials against 3 Bristol Bulldogs Mk.II's the air force planned to acquire.

On the 9th of februari 1930 the SA-11 prototype was purchased by the Swedish air force and given the designation J5, J standing for Jakt (Pursuit) and 5 meaning that it was the fifth registered fighter aircraft of the Swedish air force. (A note of interest is that the Swedish air force at this time numbered aircraft types based on their role. For example J1, J2, J3 and B1, B2, B3 etc. This was seen as somewhat problematic when planes changed roles. For example S7 was changed into B4. After 1940 that system was scrapped and numbers were given to each main aircraft type, for example Fpl 20, Fpl 21, Fpl 22, starting from the number 15. This way planes could easily be re-designated in case they had to change role. For example B18 > S18, or J29 > A29.)

SA-14 Jaktfalkten I (J6)

By februari 1930 the Swedish air force decided that the 2 improved Jaktfalken-planes were to use Bristol Jupiter VI engines which required Svenska Aero AB to modify the design in various ways. These aircraft were named SA-14 Jaktfalken I internally and received the designation J6 in the Swedish air force. An order for 5 more J6's soon followed for more testing.

Initial tests with the J6 showed complications with vibrations in the tail section. Both Svenska Aero AB and the Swedish air force's own production facilities tried to fix the problem without success. Despite this all aircraft entered service. Once the ordered Bristol Bulldogs had arrived to Sweden it was time for trials between them and the J6. The Bristol Bulldog formally entered service as the J7 in the Swedish air force. Trials between the J6 and J7 showed that the J6 had superior maneuverability and was easier to fly compared to the J7. However due to the limited production capacity of Svenska Aero AB the Swedish air force realized that they could never adopt the J6 in sufficient numbers. They tried to buy a license from Svenska Aero AB to produce the J6 in their own facilities but Svenska Aero AB turned it down. Due to this the Swedish air force decided in may 1931 to buy 8 improved Bristol Bulldog Mk.IIA-planes (J7A) to fulfill their needs. This prompted Svenska Aero AB to design an improved SA-14 for the air force to test.

SA-14 Jaktfalkten II (J6A & J6B)

The improved SA-14 got the name Jaktfalken II and featured a more powerful Jupiter VIIF engine as well an improved fuselage and landing gear. The Swedish air force decided to order 3 copies of Jaktfalken II for trials in late 1931. At this stage Svenska Aero AB was loosing money due to the low orders from the Swedish air force. This prompted Bücker to sell the company to ASJA in 1932, after which he returned to Germanay were he would found the much more successful Bücker Flugzeugbau aviation company.

The Swedish air force was however not finished with the J6 design. The Bristol Bulldog (J7) has shown itself to be a problematic design and 3 out of 11 aircraft had been destroyed within 2 years of entering service. On top of that the aircraft was prone to failure and almost every J7 in use had crash landed on at least one occasion. (A note of interest is that only two out of the original eleven J7's survived by the end of 1936) The J6's on the other hand had proven themselves as safe aircraft with only 1 destroyed by the summer of 1933. Due to this the Swedish air force ordered 7 improved Jaktfalken II aircraft from ASJA who now owned the design. ASJA further improved on the J6A design by modifying the windscreen and elevator which meant that the aircraft had to be considered a separate variant from the J6A. Due to this the 7 new planes got the designation J6B.

J6B service life

The J6B entered service with the Swedish air force in 1934 with the last aircraft being delivered in 1935. In service the J6B would serve with the F1 air force wing were it would initially be used as a fighter before being relegated to fighter-trainers in 1938. By this time the J6B was hopelessly outdated even as a fighter trainer and by 1940 the planes were put in storage and eventually scrapped in 1941.

However, two J6B's and a J6A were donated as war air to Finland during the winter war. In Finnish service they would be re-designated to JF (for JaktFalken) and used as trainers. Finland could continue to use the JF until 1945 when they were all pulled from Service and scrapped.

Media

Images
  • J6B WTWallpaper 001.jpg
  • J6B WTWallpaper 002.jpg
  • J6B WTWallpaper 003.jpg
  • J6B WTWallpaper 004.jpg
  • J6B WTWallpaper 005.jpg
  • J6B WTWallpaper 006.jpg

See also

Aircraft of comparable role, configuration and era

External links


Swedish Aeroplane Company Ltd. (SAAB)
Pre-SAAB: ASJA  J6B
Fighters  J21A-1 · J21A-2 · A21A-3
Jet fighters  A21RB · J21RA · J29A · A29B · J29D · J29F · J32B · J35A · J35D · JA37C · JA37D · JAS39A
Jet attackers  A32A · A32A Röd Adam · AJ37 · AJS37 · SAAB-105G · SK60B
Bombers  B17A · B17B · S17BS
Dive-bombers  B3C · B18A · B18B · T18B · T18B (57)
Export  SAAB-105OE · Saab J35XS · JAS39C · ◔JAS39EBS HU C

Sweden fighters
ASJA  J6B
Saab  J21A-1 · J21A-2 · A21A-3
FFVS  J22-A · J22-B
Foreign Import  J8A · Iacobi's J8A · J9 Early · J11 · J20 · J26 David · J26
Finland 
VL  Mörkö-Morane · VL Myrsky II · VL Pyörremyrsky
(NL) Fokker  ▄Fokker D.XXI-3 · ▄Fokker D.XXI
(DE) Messerschmitt  ▄Bf 109 G-2 · ▄Bf 109 G-6 Erla · ▄Bf 109 G-6
Other  ▄B-239 · ▄Hurricane Mk I/L

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