Difference between revisions of "CN-105-F1 (105 mm)"

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== Description ==
 
== Description ==
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''Write an introduction to the article in 2-3 small paragraphs. Briefly tell us about the history of the development and combat using the weaponry and also about its features. Compile a list of air, ground, or naval vehicles that feature this weapon system in the game.''
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<!-- ''Write an introduction to the article in 2-3 small paragraphs. Briefly tell us about the history of the development and combat using the weaponry and also about its features. Compile a list of air, ground, or naval vehicles that feature this weapon system in the game.'' -->
 +
The '''105 mm Modèle F1''' (or CN-105-F1) is a 105 mm rifled tank gun used by the AMX-30 and its variants. The gun is made from steel with a magnesium thermal sleeve to protect against damage such as bending. One of the unique features of the gun was the ability to shoot the '''Obus à Charge Creuse de 105 mm Modèle F1''' or OCC for short.
  
 
=== Vehicles equipped with this weapon ===
 
=== Vehicles equipped with this weapon ===
 
<!-- ''List out vehicles that are equipped with the weapon.'' -->
 
<!-- ''List out vehicles that are equipped with the weapon.'' -->
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* {{Specs-Link|fr_amx_30}}
 
* {{Specs-Link|fr_amx_30}}
 
* {{Specs-Link|fr_amx_30_1972}}
 
* {{Specs-Link|fr_amx_30_1972}}
 
* {{Specs-Link|fr_amx_30_b2}}
 
* {{Specs-Link|fr_amx_30_b2}}
 
* {{Specs-Link|fr_amx_30_b2_brenus}}
 
* {{Specs-Link|fr_amx_30_b2_brenus}}
 +
* {{Specs-Link|fr_amx_30_super}}
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* {{Specs-Link|fr_amx_32_105}}
  
 
== General info ==
 
== General info ==
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''Tell us about the tactical and technical characteristics of the cannon or machine gun.''
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<!-- ''Tell us about the tactical and technical characteristics of the cannon or machine gun.'' -->
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The Modèle F1 is fitted with a semi-automatic vertical sliding wedge breechblock but it is lacking a muzzle brake. As opposed to the British [[Royal Ordnance L7A1 (105 mm)|L7A1]], the F1 cannon uses a compressed air scavenging system instead of a bore evacuator. The recoil mechanism uses two symmetrically opposed hydraulic brake cylinders with a single hydropneumatic recuperator cylinder.
 +
 
 +
=== Available ammunition ===
 +
<!-- ''Describe the shells that are available for the weapon and their features and purpose. If it concerns autocannons or machine guns, write about different ammo belts and what is inside (which types of shells).'' -->
 +
 
 +
* '''OCC 105 F1''' - The OCC projectile is the default HEAT round the user starts out with. It consists of two parts, the outer shell with a suspended inner shell connected by ball bearings. This allowed the HEAT round to be spin stabilized unlike other modern HEAT rounds which are fin stabilized. It weighs 10.95 kg and the warhead contains 780 g of RDX. Its speed is 1,000 m/s with the penetration force of up to 400 mm.
 +
 
 +
* '''OE 105 F1 Mle.60''' - The OE 105 projectile is a default HE round the user stats out with. It consists of a steel body with an explosive filling of the TNT type. There is a sensitive impact fuse at the end of the projectile which detonates upon contact with any surface. The projectile weighs 12.1 kg and the explosive mass is 2 kg worth of TNT. Its speed is 700 m/s with the penetration force of 25 mm.
 +
 
 +
* '''OFPH 105 F1''' - The OFPH 105 projectile is a smoke round that creates a full smoke screen after 5 seconds upon impact. The smoke screen itself lasts 25 seconds and has 20 m radius. It weighs 11.4 kg and has a muzzle velocity of 700 m/s.
 +
 
 +
* '''OFL 105 F1''' - The OFL 105 projectile is an APFSDS round that relies on kinetic energy and spalling to damage enemy vehicles. It weighs 3.45 kg but drops to 1.6 kg in-flight due to the SABOT discarding. It moves at the speed of 1,525 m/s with the penetration force of up to 361 mm.
  
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=== Available shells ===
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{{:{{PAGENAME}}/Ammunition|OCC 105 F1, OE 105 F1 Mle.60, OFPH 105 F1, OFL 105 F1}}
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''Describe the shells that are available for the cannon and their features and purpose. If it concerns autocannons or machine guns, write about different ammo belts and what is inside (which types of shells).''
 
  
 
=== Comparison with analogues ===
 
=== Comparison with analogues ===
−
''Give a comparative description of cannons/machine guns, that have firepower equal to these type of weapons.''
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<!-- ''Give a comparative description of cannons/machine guns that have firepower equal to this weapon.'' -->
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{| class="wikitable"
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! colspan="7" | Comparable cannons to CN-105-F1
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|-
 +
!
 +
! Name
 +
! Year of Creation
 +
! Mass
 +
! Rounds Per Minute
 +
! Rounds
 +
! Calibre
 +
|-
 +
| ▄
 +
| [[Royal Ordnance L7A1 (105 mm)|Royal Ordnance L7A1]]
 +
| style="text-align:center;" | 1956
 +
| 1,282 kg
 +
| style="text-align:center;" | 10 RPM
 +
| Shot L28A1 <br> Shell L35
 +
| 105 mm
 +
|-
 +
| ▄
 +
| [[L7A3 (105 mm)|Royal Ordnance L7A3]]
 +
| style="text-align:center;" | 1957
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| 1,287 kg
 +
| style="text-align:center;" | 6 RPM
 +
| DM12 <br> DM13 <br> DM33
 +
| 105 mm
 +
|-
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| ▃
 +
| [[M68 (105 mm)|M68]]
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| style="text-align:center;" | 1958
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| 1,128 kg
 +
| style="text-align:center;" | 6 RPM
 +
| M728 <br> M456 <br> M393A2
 +
| 105 mm
 +
|-
 +
| ▄
 +
| [[OTO Melara 105/52 (105 mm)|OTO Melara 105/52]]
 +
| style="text-align:center;" | 1977
 +
| _,___ kg
 +
| style="text-align:center;" | 7 RPM
 +
| M456 <br> M393A2 <br> M735 <br> DM33
 +
| 105 mm
 +
|-
 +
|}
  
 
== Usage in battles ==
 
== Usage in battles ==
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''Describe the cannon/machine gun in the game - its distinctive features, tactics of usage against the main opponents. Please don't write a "guide" - do not impose a single point of view, but give the reader food for thought.''
+
<!-- "Describe the cannon/machine gun in the game - its distinctive features, tactics of usage against notable opponents. Please don't write a "guide" - do not impose a single point of view, but give the reader food for thought." -->
 +
Thanks to its very powerful HEAT round and average velocity, one might prefer to fight at longer ranges as opposed to brawling, due to the AMX-30's lack of stabilizers (the only exception is the AMX-30 Super, which does in fact possess a stabilizer). As the HEAT round does not lose its penetration power over distance, one might find themselves reliably one hit killing enemies at longer distances.
 +
 
 +
If one is using the [[AMX-30B2]], [[AMX-30B2 BRENUS]] or the [[AMX-30 Super]], they'll have access to the OFL 105 F1 APFSDS round. This is purely a kinetic energy shell so it can not overpressurize light vehicles, unlike the OCC 105 F1. If compared to the OCC 105 F1, penetration drops by around 40 mm but the velocity will be increased from 1,000 m/s to 1,525 m/s. This makes the round even more reliable at longer ranges. However, one should not instantly forget about the HEAT round as compared to the APFSDS round, the damage is far greater. The APFSDS creates little to no spalling, forcing the player to either hit the hostile's tank ammo rack or try to knock out the whole crew. As mentioned earlier, this round can not overpressurize certain vehicles, and due to the round creating little spalling, light vehicles can very easily survive an encounter against an OFL 105 F1 round. Taking a few HEAT rounds is recommended for this exact situation.
  
 
=== Pros and cons ===
 
=== Pros and cons ===
−
''Summarize and briefly evaluate the weaponry in terms of its characteristics and combat effectiveness. Mark pros and cons as a list.''
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<!-- "Summarise and briefly evaluate the weaponry in terms of its characteristics and combat effectiveness. Mark pros and cons as a list." -->
  
 
'''Pros:'''
 
'''Pros:'''
−
*
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 +
* Very powerful HEAT round, reliably one hit kills due to the 400 mm penetration value and above average spalling
  
 
'''Cons:'''
 
'''Cons:'''
−
*
+
 
 +
* AMX-30 and the AMX-30 (1972) lack the OFL 105 F1 round
 +
* OFL 105 F1 does not produce reliable spalling, one hit kill is inconsistent
 +
* HEAT round is very sensitive, a simple bush might stop it
  
 
== History ==
 
== History ==
−
''Examine the history of the creation and combat usage of this weapon. If the historical reference turns out to be too big, take it to a separate article, taking a link to an article about the vehicle and adding a block "/ History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(weapon-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article.''
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<!-- "Examine the history of the creation and combat usage of the weapon in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the weapon and adding a block "/History" (example: https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Weapon-name)/History) and add a link to it here using the main template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <ref></ref>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <references />." -->
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The 105 mm Modèle F1 first entered service in the year 1966. It was designed at the '''Établissement central de l'armement terrestre''' (Central Establishment of Land Armament) in Saint-Cloud and developed by the '''atelier de Bourges''' (Bourges Arsenal) towards the end of 1950. A shortened version of the gun was also used on the M-51 'Super Sherman', which was an improved Israeli version of the American M4 Sherman tank.
 +
 
 +
Its design is based on that of the CN-105-57, used by the AMX-13. The length of the barrel is 5.9 m and its official designation is "Cn 105 Mle 622". It weighs 2,470 kg and it requires 2 crew members to operate efficiently.
 +
 
 +
The AMX-30 with its spin stabilized HEAT round, was considered as an "ideal round" for its time. The Modèle F1 was also designed to fire the OCC F1 Mle.60 high explosive projectile, but also the SCC F1 training round and the OFUM PH-105 F1 smoke round.
  
 
== Media ==
 
== Media ==
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''An excellent addition to the article would be a video guide, as well as screenshots from the game and photos.''
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<!-- "Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos." -->
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<gallery mode="packed" heights="150">
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File:AMX30 Super.jpg|AMX-30 Super equipped with the CN-105-F1
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File:AMX30.jpg|AMX-30 (1972) equipped with the CN-105-F1
 +
</gallery>
  
 
== See also ==
 
== See also ==
−
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''
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<!-- "Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:
−
* ''reference to the article about the variant of the cannon/machine gun;''
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* "reference to the article about the variant of the cannon/machine gun;"
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* ''references to approximate analogues by other nations and research trees.''
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* "references to approximate analogues by other nations and research trees." -->
 +
 
 +
* [[Royal Ordnance L7A1 (105 mm)]] - British 105 mm cannon
 +
* [[L7A3 (105 mm)]] - British 105 mm cannon. Identical to the L7A1, the only exception is that it can load HEATFS and APFSDS rounds
 +
* [[OTO Melara 105/52 (105 mm)]] - Italian 105 mm cannon
 +
* [[M68 (105 mm)]] - American license-produced version of the Royal Ordnance L7, the only difference is that the cannon is secured to the breech by a tapered pin and interrupted breech threads which allow the barrel to be removed from the tank shield without having to dismantle the mantlet.
  
 
== External links ==
 
== External links ==
−
''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''
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<!-- ''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''
 
* ''topic on the official game forum;''
 
* ''topic on the official game forum;''
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* ''encyclopedia page on the weapon;''
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* ''other literature.'' -->
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* ''other literature.''
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 +
* [[wikipedia:105_mm_Modèle_F1|[Wikipedia] 105 mm Modèle F1]]
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* [http://www.kotsch88.de/m_105mm-m57-2.htm <nowiki>[Kotsch88] Ammunition for the Modèle F1</nowiki>]
 +
* [https://www.angelfire.com/mi4/armania/armor/firepower/Cannon.html <nowiki>[Angelfire] Comparison of tank cannons</nowiki>]
  
 
{{France tank cannons}}
 
{{France tank cannons}}
  
 
[[Category:Tank cannons]]
 
[[Category:Tank cannons]]

Latest revision as of 20:53, 25 January 2023

Description

The 105 mm Modèle F1 (or CN-105-F1) is a 105 mm rifled tank gun used by the AMX-30 and its variants. The gun is made from steel with a magnesium thermal sleeve to protect against damage such as bending. One of the unique features of the gun was the ability to shoot the Obus à Charge Creuse de 105 mm Modèle F1 or OCC for short.

Vehicles equipped with this weapon

General info

The Modèle F1 is fitted with a semi-automatic vertical sliding wedge breechblock but it is lacking a muzzle brake. As opposed to the British L7A1, the F1 cannon uses a compressed air scavenging system instead of a bore evacuator. The recoil mechanism uses two symmetrically opposed hydraulic brake cylinders with a single hydropneumatic recuperator cylinder.

Available ammunition

  • OCC 105 F1 - The OCC projectile is the default HEAT round the user starts out with. It consists of two parts, the outer shell with a suspended inner shell connected by ball bearings. This allowed the HEAT round to be spin stabilized unlike other modern HEAT rounds which are fin stabilized. It weighs 10.95 kg and the warhead contains 780 g of RDX. Its speed is 1,000 m/s with the penetration force of up to 400 mm.
  • OE 105 F1 Mle.60 - The OE 105 projectile is a default HE round the user stats out with. It consists of a steel body with an explosive filling of the TNT type. There is a sensitive impact fuse at the end of the projectile which detonates upon contact with any surface. The projectile weighs 12.1 kg and the explosive mass is 2 kg worth of TNT. Its speed is 700 m/s with the penetration force of 25 mm.
  • OFPH 105 F1 - The OFPH 105 projectile is a smoke round that creates a full smoke screen after 5 seconds upon impact. The smoke screen itself lasts 25 seconds and has 20 m radius. It weighs 11.4 kg and has a muzzle velocity of 700 m/s.
  • OFL 105 F1 - The OFL 105 projectile is an APFSDS round that relies on kinetic energy and spalling to damage enemy vehicles. It weighs 3.45 kg but drops to 1.6 kg in-flight due to the SABOT discarding. It moves at the speed of 1,525 m/s with the penetration force of up to 361 mm.

Penetration statistics
Ammunition Type of
warhead 		Penetration @ 0° Angle of Attack (mm)
10 m 100 m 500 m 1,000 m 1,500 m 2,000 m
OCC 105 F1 HEAT 400 400 400 400 400 400
OE 105 F1 Mle.60 HE 25 25 25 25 25 25
OFL 105 F1 APFSDS 361 358 350 341 332 322
Shell details
Ammunition Type of
warhead 		Velocity
(m/s) 		Projectile
mass (kg) 		Fuse delay
(m) 		Fuse sensitivity
(mm) 		Explosive mass
(TNT equivalent) (kg) 		Ricochet
0% 50% 100%
OCC 105 F1 HEAT 1,000 10.95 0.05 0.1 1.02 62° 69° 73°
OE 105 F1 Mle.60 HE 700 12.1 0 0.1 2 79° 80° 81°
OFL 105 F1 APFSDS 1,525 3.8 - - - 78° 80° 81°
Smoke shell characteristics
Ammunition Velocity
(m/s) 		Projectile
mass (kg) 		Screen radius
(m) 		Screen deploy
time (s) 		Screen hold
time (s) 		Explosive mass
(TNT equivalent) (g)
OFPH 105 F1 700 11.4 20 5 25 50

Comparison with analogues

Comparable cannons to CN-105-F1
Name Year of Creation Mass Rounds Per Minute Rounds Calibre
▄ Royal Ordnance L7A1 1956 1,282 kg 10 RPM Shot L28A1
Shell L35 		105 mm
▄ Royal Ordnance L7A3 1957 1,287 kg 6 RPM DM12
DM13
DM33 		105 mm
▃ M68 1958 1,128 kg 6 RPM M728
M456
M393A2 		105 mm
▄ OTO Melara 105/52 1977 _,___ kg 7 RPM M456
M393A2
M735
DM33 		105 mm

Usage in battles

Thanks to its very powerful HEAT round and average velocity, one might prefer to fight at longer ranges as opposed to brawling, due to the AMX-30's lack of stabilizers (the only exception is the AMX-30 Super, which does in fact possess a stabilizer). As the HEAT round does not lose its penetration power over distance, one might find themselves reliably one hit killing enemies at longer distances.

If one is using the AMX-30B2, AMX-30B2 BRENUS or the AMX-30 Super, they'll have access to the OFL 105 F1 APFSDS round. This is purely a kinetic energy shell so it can not overpressurize light vehicles, unlike the OCC 105 F1. If compared to the OCC 105 F1, penetration drops by around 40 mm but the velocity will be increased from 1,000 m/s to 1,525 m/s. This makes the round even more reliable at longer ranges. However, one should not instantly forget about the HEAT round as compared to the APFSDS round, the damage is far greater. The APFSDS creates little to no spalling, forcing the player to either hit the hostile's tank ammo rack or try to knock out the whole crew. As mentioned earlier, this round can not overpressurize certain vehicles, and due to the round creating little spalling, light vehicles can very easily survive an encounter against an OFL 105 F1 round. Taking a few HEAT rounds is recommended for this exact situation.

Pros and cons

Pros:

  • Very powerful HEAT round, reliably one hit kills due to the 400 mm penetration value and above average spalling

Cons:

  • AMX-30 and the AMX-30 (1972) lack the OFL 105 F1 round
  • OFL 105 F1 does not produce reliable spalling, one hit kill is inconsistent
  • HEAT round is very sensitive, a simple bush might stop it

History

The 105 mm Modèle F1 first entered service in the year 1966. It was designed at the Établissement central de l'armement terrestre (Central Establishment of Land Armament) in Saint-Cloud and developed by the atelier de Bourges (Bourges Arsenal) towards the end of 1950. A shortened version of the gun was also used on the M-51 'Super Sherman', which was an improved Israeli version of the American M4 Sherman tank.

Its design is based on that of the CN-105-57, used by the AMX-13. The length of the barrel is 5.9 m and its official designation is "Cn 105 Mle 622". It weighs 2,470 kg and it requires 2 crew members to operate efficiently.

The AMX-30 with its spin stabilized HEAT round, was considered as an "ideal round" for its time. The Modèle F1 was also designed to fire the OCC F1 Mle.60 high explosive projectile, but also the SCC F1 training round and the OFUM PH-105 F1 smoke round.

Media

  • AMX-30 Super equipped with the CN-105-F1

  • AMX-30 (1972) equipped with the CN-105-F1

See also

  • Royal Ordnance L7A1 (105 mm) - British 105 mm cannon
  • L7A3 (105 mm) - British 105 mm cannon. Identical to the L7A1, the only exception is that it can load HEATFS and APFSDS rounds
  • OTO Melara 105/52 (105 mm) - Italian 105 mm cannon
  • M68 (105 mm) - American license-produced version of the Royal Ordnance L7, the only difference is that the cannon is secured to the breech by a tapered pin and interrupted breech threads which allow the barrel to be removed from the tank shield without having to dismantle the mantlet.

External links


France tank cannons
20 mm  20F2
25 mm  SA35 L/72
37 mm  SA18 L/21 · SA38 L/33
47 mm  SA34 L/30 · SA35 L/32 · SA37
75 mm  APX · APX Canon de 75 mm modèle 1897 · SA35 L/17 · SA44 · SA49 · SA50 L/57
90 mm  D.911 APX · CN90 F2 · CN90 F3 · CN90 F4 · D915 · DEFA F1 · SA45 · SA47
100 mm  SA47 L/58
105 mm  CN-105-F1 · Modele F2 · PzK M57
120 mm  GIAT CN120-25 G1 · GIAT CN120-26 F1 · SA46
142 mm  ACRA
155 mm  GCT F1 · Schneider 155 C · L'Obusier de 155 Modèle 1950
  Foreign:
15 mm  MG 151 (Germany)
20 mm  MG 151 (Germany)
30 mm  Bushmaster 2 Mk.44 (USA)
37 mm  M6 (USA)
40 mm  Bofors L/60 · QF 2-pounder (Britain)
75 mm  KwK42 (Germany) · M3 (USA) · M6 (USA)
76 mm  M7 (USA)
90 mm  M3 (USA)
105 mm  M4 (USA)

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