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| − | {{DISPLAYTITLE:C/38 (20 mm)}}
| + | #REDIRECT [[2 cm/65 C/38 (20 mm)]] |
| − | <div class="ttx">
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| − | <div class="ttx-title">20 mm C/38</div>
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| − | <div class="ttx-image">[[File:C38.png]]</div>
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| − | <div class="ttx-table">
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| − | <div class="ttx-table-line ttx-table-head">Information</div>
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| − | <div class="ttx-table-line"><span class="ttx-value">Automatic Cannon</span><span class="ttx-name">Type</span></div>
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| − | <div class="ttx-table-line"><span class="ttx-value">Germany [[File:Germany_flag.png]]</span><span class="ttx-name">County of Origin</span></div>
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| − | <div class="ttx-table-line ttx-table-head">General Characteristics</div>
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| − | <div class="ttx-table-line"><span class="ttx-value">20 mm</span><span class="ttx-name">Diameter</span></div>
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| − | <div class="ttx-table-line"><span class="ttx-value">1.30 m</span><span class="ttx-name">Length</span></div>
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| − | <div class="ttx-table-line"><span class="ttx-value">40 rounds</span><span class="ttx-name">{{Annotation|Belt Capacity|Maximum capacity of ammunition belt or magazine}}</span></div>
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| − | <div class="ttx-table-line"><span class="ttx-value">450 {{Annotation|rpm|rounds per minute}}</span><span class="ttx-name">Rate of Fire</span></div>
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| − | <div class="ttx-table-line"><span class="ttx-value">835 m/s</span><span class="ttx-name">{{Annotation|Muzzle Velocity|Muzzle velocity of fastest round}}</span></div>
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| − | <div class="ttx-table-line"><span class="ttx-value">46 mm</span><span class="ttx-name">Max Penetration</span></div>
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| − | <div class="ttx-table-line ttx-table-head">Production History</div>
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| − | <div class="ttx-table-line"><span class="ttx-value">Rheinmetall-Borsig</span><span class="ttx-name">Designer</span></div>
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| − | <div class="ttx-table-line"><span class="ttx-value">Full Production</span><span class="ttx-name">Production Status</span></div>
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| − | <div class="ttx-table-line"><span class="ttx-value">1940 - 1945</span><span class="ttx-name">Produced</span></div>
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| − | </div>
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| − | </div>
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| − | | |
| − | == Description ==
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| − | <!--''Write an introduction to the article in 2-3 small paragraphs. Briefly tell us about the history of the development and combat using the weaponry and also about its features. Compile a list of air, ground, or naval vehicles that feature this weapon system in the game.''-->
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| − | The 20 mm C/38 is a German WWII light naval anti-aircraft cannon. As of Update 1.95, the gun is no longer in use on any vehicle in the game, replaced by [[2 cm/65 C/38 (20 mm)]]. There are two other variants of this gun: [[2 cm/65 Flakzwilling 38 (20 mm)]], a twin mount of the MG C/38; and [[2 cm/65 Flakvierling 38 (20 mm)]], a quadruple mount. 20 mm C/38 is an improved version of [[2 cm/65 C/30 (20 mm)]], which can be found on many German naval vessels.
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| − | Two army versions, [[FlaK 38 (20 mm)]] and [[KwK38 (20 mm)]], can be found on some German SPAA and early light tanks, respectively.
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| − | | |
| − | === Vehicles equipped with this weapon ===
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| − | <!-- ''List out vehicles that are equipped with the weapon.'' -->
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| − | {{Notice
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| − | |As of Update 1.95, this gun is no longer in use.
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| − | }}
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| − | | |
| − | == General info ==
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| − | <!--''Tell us about the tactical and technical characteristics of the cannon or machine gun.''-->
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| − | The 20 mm C/38 has a barrel diameter of 20 mm, a barrel length of 1.300 m, and weighs 57.5 kg. It has a magazine size of 40 rounds and has a rate of fire of 450 rounds per minute.
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| − | | |
| − | === Available shells ===
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| − | <!--''Describe the shells that are available for the cannon and their features and purpose. If it concerns autocannons or machine guns, write about different ammo belts and what is inside (which types of shells).''-->
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| − | Depending on the vehicle, there are up to three belts available. Note that Default and Universal refer to the same belt, depending on the vehicle.
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| − | | |
| − | * Default/Universal: AP-T/AP/HEF-T/HEF
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| − | * 20 mm HET: HEF/HEF-T/HEF/AP
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| − | * 25 mm APT: AP/AP-T/AP/HEF
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| − | | |
| − | {{notice|Not all belts listed are available on all vehicles equipped with this weapon.}}
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| − | | |
| − | {| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
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| − | ! colspan="7" | '''Penetration Statistics'''
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| − | |-
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| − | ! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
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| − | ! colspan="6" | '''Penetration @ 0° Angle of Attack (mm)'''
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| − | |-
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| − | ! 10 m !! 100 m !! 500 m !! 1,000 m !! 1,500 m !! 2,000 m
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| − | |-
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| − | | AP-T || 46 || 45 || 33 || 23 || 15 || 11
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| − | |-
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| − | | AP || 46 || 45 || 33 || 23 || 15 || 11
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| − | |-
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| − | | HEF-T || 10 || 7.5 || 7.5 || 7.5 || 6 || 6
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| − | |-
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| − | | HEF || 10 || 7.5 || 7.5 || 7.5 || 6 || 6
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| − | |-
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| − | |}
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| − | | |
| − | {| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
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| − | ! colspan="12" | '''Shell Details'''
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| − | |-
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| − | ! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
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| − | ! rowspan="2" | Projectile Mass (kg)
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| − | ! rowspan="2" | Velocity (m/s)
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| − | ! rowspan="2" | Explosive Type
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| − | ! rowspan="2" | Explosive Mass (kg)
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| − | ! rowspan="2" | TNT Equivalent (kg)
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| − | ! rowspan="2" | Fuse Delay (m)
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| − | ! rowspan="2" | Fuse Sensitivity (mm)
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| − | ! rowspan="2" | Normalization at 30°
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| − | ! colspan="3" | Ricochet
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| − | |-
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| − | ! 0% !! 50% !! 100%
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| − | |-
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| − | | AP-T || 0.148 || 785 || N/A || N/A || N/A || N/A || N/A || _° || _° || _° || _°
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| − | |-
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| − | | AP || 0.148 || 785 || N/A || N/A || N/A || N/A || N/A || _° || _° || _° || _°
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| − | |-
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| − | | HEF-T || 0.115 || 835 || NP 10 || 0.0062 || 0.01054 || 0.0 || 0.1 || _° || _° || _° || _°
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| − | |-
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| − | | HEF || 0.115 || 835 || NP 10 || 0.0062 || 0.01054 || 0.0 || 0.1 || _° || _° || _° || _°
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| − | |-
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| − | |}
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| − | {{notice|NP 10 is equivalent to 1.7x TNT.}}
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| − | | |
| − | === Comparison with analogues ===
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| − | <!--''Give a comparative description of cannons/machine guns, that have firepower equal to these type of weapons.''-->
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| − | Compared to other 20 mm guns within the German naval tree:
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| − | | |
| − | * [[MG 151 (20 mm)|MG 151/20 (20 mm)]]: MG 151/20 has a larger belt size (600 rounds) and a much greater rate of fire (700 rpm); but it has a weaker AP shell (25 mmm max penetration) with a slower muzzle velocity (705 m/s), and it can overheat if fired for too long.
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| − | * [[2 cm/65 C/30 (20 mm)]]: The predecessor of MG C/38, it has a smaller magazine size (20 rounds) and has a lower rate of fire (312 rpm).
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| − | * [[2 cm/65 C/38 (20 mm)]]: 20 mm MG C/38 with a different name, it has a greater rate of fire (480 rpm).
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| − | * [[2 cm/65 Flakzwilling 38 (20 mm)]]: A twin MG C/38 mount, each gun has a greater rate of fire (500 rpm).
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| − | * [[2 cm/65 Flakvierling 38 (20 mm)]]: A quadruple MG C/38 mount, each gun has a greater rate of fire (480 rpm).
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| − | Common 20 mm guns in other nations include:
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| − | * [[Oerlikon Mk.II (20 mm)]]: 20 mm Oerlikon Mk.II, and its derivatives, have a larger magazine (60 rounds) and have a greater muzzle velocity (844 m/s); but they fire a weaker AP shell (40 mm max penetration) and a weaker HE shell (0.006525 kg TNT equivalence).
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| − | * [[Type 98 (20 mm)]]: 20 mm Type 98 has a greater muzzle velocity (844 m/s); but has a smaller magazine (20 rounds), has a lower rate of fire (300 rpm), and fires a weaker AP shell (40 mm max penetration) and a weaker HE shell (0.006171 kg TNT equivalence).
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| − | | |
| − | == Usage in battles ==
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| − | <!--''Describe the cannon/machine gun in the game - its distinctive features, tactics of usage against the main opponents. Please don't write a "guide" - do not impose a single point of view, but give the reader food for thought.''-->
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| − | The 20 mm C/38 has a very large TNT equivalent explosive mass compared to other guns of similar calibre. While the C/30 can struggle to destroy enemy boats with one magazine, thanks to the increased magazine size, the C/38 has no problems in this aspect. This, combined with the greater rate of fire over the C/30, lets the C/38 be even more effective weapon against enemy boats.
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| − | However, the 20 mm C/38 is held back by its effective range of approximately 2.00 km using the 20 mm HET belt. This can be slightly increased to approximately 2.30 km using the 20 mm APT belt, although even so, hitting moving targets at such ranges can be difficult. Boats armed with 20 mm MG C/38 should instead aim to close the distance and overwhelm enemy boats with their firepower.
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| − | The effective range of the 20 mm C/38 is approximately 2.00 km with the 20 mm HET belt, though if using the 20 mm APT belt, the effect range can be increased to roughly 2.30 km. Even so, hitting moving targets at such ranges can be difficult because of the relatively low muzzle velocity and the small mass of the rounds. Boats armed with 20 mm C/38 should aim to close the distance where they can overwhelm enemy boats with their firepower.
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| − | The primary belt choice for this gun should be the 20 mm HET belt since it contains the highest HE:AP ratio. Several 20 APT belts should also be taken to deal with armoured targets, primarily USSR armoured river patrol boats. For destroyers and cruisers armed with 20 mm C/38, if the option is available, only take 20 mm HET, since the main guns can handle any armoured targets much better.
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| − | | |
| − | === Pros and cons ===
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| − | <!--''Summarize and briefly evaluate the weaponry in terms of its characteristics and combat effectiveness. Mark pros and cons as a list.''-->
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| − | '''Pros:'''
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| − | * Very high explosive mass
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| − | * Above average AP penetration
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| − | * High rate of fire
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| − | | |
| − | '''Cons:'''
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| − | * Below average muzzle velocity
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| − | | |
| − | == History ==
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| − | <!--''Examine the history of the creation and combat usage of this weapon. If the historical reference turns out to be too big, take it to a separate article, taking a link to an article about the vehicle and adding a block "/ History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(weapon-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article.''-->
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| − | Development began in 1938 for a replacement for the Flak 30, an army version of the 2 cm/65 C/30 after issues arose in its slow rate of fire and small ammunition magazine size. Rheinmetall began production of the new gun, Flak 38, in 1939, with it entering service the same year. In 1940, a naval version, 2 cm/65 C/38, entered production and service in the Kriegsmarine, where it would replace the older 2 cm/65 C/30.
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| − | The 2 cm/65 C/38 had the same dimensions as its predecessor, with a bore diameter of 20 mm and a barrel length of 1.300 m, while also managing to be 6.5 kg lighter at 57.7 kg total weight. Like the 2 cm/65 C/30, the gun was fully automatic and recoil-operated, and it fired the same ammunition: a HE round that weighed 0.134 kg and had a muzzle velocity of 835 m/s; and an AP round that weighed 0.148 kg and had a muzzle velocity of 800 m/s. The barrel was also of a monobloc design and could be easily removed and replaced. However, unlike its predecessor, 2 cm/65 C/38 was fed with 40-round magazines, as opposed to the 20-round magazines of the C/30, and had a cyclic rate of fire of 480 rounds per minute and an effective rate of fire of 220 rounds per minute, a noticeable improvement over the 280 rounds per minute cyclic and 120 rounds per minute effective of the C/30.
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| − | Available for the gun were three mounts: L/30, L41, LM44U. L/30 was the standard single mount for the 2 cm/65 C/38. It weighed 416 kg with the gun and was manually operated, able to depress -11° and elevate +85°. At its base was a small ammunition storage for up to five magazines, which would be manually loaded by the crew into the left side of the gun. On the right side was a bag which would catch spent casings. L41 was a single mount designed for use in the comparatively confined spaces of S-Boote. It weighed 500 kg, could only depress to -10°, and traversed with the use of a hand crank. LM44U was a special twin mount which weighed 3,600 kg total and was designed to withstand up to 200 m depths for use on submarines. The mount could depress -10° and elevate +78°. It was driven by hydraulic devices and could train at a rate of 30°/s and could elevate at a rate of 30°/s or 60°/s, set by the operator who also fired the guns using two foot pedals, one for each gun.
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| − | A highly successful configuration of the 2 cm/65 C/38 was the 2 cm Flakvierling C/38, which consisted of four guns in a quadruple mount, arrange 28 cm apart vertically and 67.4 cm apart horizontally. The Flakvierling C/38 was manually operated with two hand cranks, one for training and one for elevation, by an operator who said directly behind the guns and fired them using two foot pedals. The right-hand side guns were arranged upside-down such that ammunition would be loaded in from the right-hand side. Ammunition was manually loaded into all of the guns from each side by the crew from ammunition racks at the base and spent casings fell down the middle into a receptacle. There were versions produced with and without the gun shield. For the Flakvierling C/38, two mounts were available: L/38 and L38/43. L/38 weighed 2,150 kg with the guns, and it could depress -10° and elevate +90°; L38/43, designed in 1943 and introduced in 1944, was a 3-D stabilized L/38 mount.
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| − | The 2 cm/65 C/38 was a highly successful gun and became the standard light anti-aircraft cannon of the Kriegsmarine upon its introduction in 1940, with it being mounted on nearly every ship.
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| − | == Media ==
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| − | ''An excellent addition to the article would be a video guide, as well as screenshots from the game and photos.''
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| − | == See also ==
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| − | <!--''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''
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| − | * ''reference to the article about the variant of the cannon/machine gun;''
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| − | * ''references to approximate analogues by other nations and research trees.''-->
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| − | * [[2 cm/65 C/30 (20 mm)]]
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| − | * [[2 cm/65 C/38 (20 mm)]]
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| − | * [[2 cm/65 Flakzwilling 38 (20 mm)]]
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| − | * [[2 cm/65 Flakvierling 38 (20 mm)]]
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| − | * [[Oerlikon Mk.II (20 mm)]]
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| − | == External links ==
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| − | <!--''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''
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| − | * ''topic on the official game forum;''
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| − | * ''encyclopedia page on the weapon;''
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| − | * ''other literature.''-->
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| − | * [https://www.lonesentry.com/ordnance/2-cm-flak-38-a-a-a-t-gun.html Lone Sentry - 2 cm Flak 38: A.A./A.T. Gun] - Originally published as ''Catalog of Enemy Ordnance Material'', United States Office of the Chief of Ordnance, 1945, p. 136
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| − | * [http://www.navweaps.com/Weapons/WNGER_20mm-65_c30.php NavWeaps - 2 cm/65 (0.79") C/30 and C/38 AA MG]
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| − | * [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2_cm_Flak_30/38/Flakvierling Wikipedia - 2 cm Flak 30/38/Flakvierling]
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| − | {{Germany naval cannons}}
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| − | [[Category:Naval cannons]]
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