Difference between revisions of "Browning-Colt Mk12 Mod 3 (20 mm)"

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| title = {{PAGENAME}}
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| MG-calibre = 20
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| RoF = 996
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| MG-velocity = 1,012
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== Description ==
 
== Description ==
The Colt-Browning Mk 12 Mod 3 is an advanced derivative of the [[AN/M3 (20 mm)]] cannon, and became the standard cannon found on US Navy aircraft from the mid 1950s. Compared to the AN/M3 it replaced, the Mk 12 boasted a faster rate of fire and a higher muzzle velocity, courtesy of the new, electrically-primed cartridges designed specifically for the Mk 12.
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<!-- ''Write an introduction to the article in 2-3 small paragraphs. Briefly tell us about the history of the development and combat using the weaponry and also about its features. Compile a list of air, ground, or naval vehicles that feature this weapon system in the game.'' -->
 +
The Colt-Browning Mk 12 Mod 3 is an advanced derivative of the [[AN/M3 (20 mm)|20 mm AN/M3]] cannon and became the standard cannon found on US Navy aircraft from the mid-1950s. Compared to the AN/M3 it replaced, the Mk 12 boasted a faster rate of fire and higher muzzle velocity, courtesy of the new electrically-primed cartridges designed specifically for the Mk 12.
  
 
=== Vehicles equipped with this weapon ===
 
=== Vehicles equipped with this weapon ===
 
<!-- ''List out vehicles that are equipped with the weapon.'' -->
 
<!-- ''List out vehicles that are equipped with the weapon.'' -->
 
 
* {{Specs-Link|fj_4b}}
 
* {{Specs-Link|fj_4b}}
 
* {{Specs-Link|fj_4b_agm_12b}}
 
* {{Specs-Link|fj_4b_agm_12b}}
  
 
== General info ==
 
== General info ==
Rate of Fire: 1000 rounds/min
+
<!-- ''Tell us about the tactical and technical characteristics of the cannon or machine gun.'' -->
 +
=== Tactical and technical characteristics ===
 +
* Rate of Fire: 996 rounds/min
 +
* Individual Gun Burst Mass: 1.83 kg/sec
 +
* Muzzle Velocity: 1,012 metres/sec
 +
* Projectile Mass: 110 grams
 +
* HE-I Filler Mass: 14 grams
 +
* Tracer Colour: Red
  
Individual Gun Burst Mass: 1.83 kg/sec
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=== Available ammunition ===
 +
<!-- ''Describe the shells that are available for the weapon and their features and purpose. If it concerns autocannons or machine guns, write about different ammo belts and what is inside (which types of shells).'' -->
 +
The Mk 12 cannon fires 20 x 110 mm USN ammunition, which was developed from the 20 x 110 mm Hispano-Suiza ammunition used by the AN/M2 and AN/M3 cannons.
  
Muzzle Velocity: 1012 metres/sec
+
The Mk 12 Mod 3 cannon can be equipped with the following belts:
  
Projectile Mass: 110 grams
+
* '''Default:''' {{Annotation|HEI|High-explosive incendiary}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEI|High-explosive incendiary}}{{-}}{{Annotation|AP-T|Armour-piercing tracer}}
 +
: These are comprised of Mk 106 HE-I and Mk 108 AP-T rounds and are the stock belts that come with the cannon.
  
HE-I Filler Mass: 14 grams
+
* '''Universal:''' {{Annotation|HEI|High-explosive incendiary}}{{-}}{{Annotation|AP-T|Armour-piercing tracer}}
 +
: These general-purpose belts are made up of the same HE-I and AP-T rounds as the default belts.
  
Tracer Colour: Red
+
* '''Ground targets:''' {{Annotation|AP-T|Armour-piercing tracer}}{{-}}{{Annotation|AP-T|Armour-piercing tracer}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEI|High-explosive incendiary}}{{-}}{{Annotation|AP-I|Armour-piercing incendiary}}
 +
: Intended to be used against armoured ground targets, these boast a belt made up almost entirely of armour piercing ammunition. It features Mk 106 HE-I, Mk 107 AP-I, and Mk 108 AP-T rounds.
  
=== Available shells ===
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* '''Air targets:''' {{Annotation|HEI|High-explosive incendiary}}{{-}}{{Annotation|AP-T|Armour-piercing tracer}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEI|High-explosive incendiary}}{{-}}{{Annotation|AP-I|Armour-piercing incendiary}}
The Mk 12 cannon fires 20x110mm USN ammunition, which was developed from the 20x110mm Hispano-Suiza ammunition used on the AN/M2 and AN/M3 cannons.
+
: These belts are arranged in much the same way as the Universal belts. However, every fourth round is now a Mk 107 AP-I round.
  
The following belts can be found on the Mk 12 Mod 3 cannon:
+
* '''Stealth:''' {{Annotation|HEI|High-explosive incendiary}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEI|High-explosive incendiary}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEI|High-explosive incendiary}}{{-}}{{Annotation|AP-I|Armour-piercing incendiary}}
 +
: These belts contain the most HE-I rounds of any available for the Mk 12, with Mk 106 HE-I and Mk 107 AP-I rounds.
  
* Default belts - These are comprised of Mk 106 HE-I and Mk 108 AP-T rounds ordered HE-I/HE-I/AP-T, and are the stock belts that come with the cannon.
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{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
* Universal belts - These general-purpose belts are made up of the same HE-I and AP-T rounds as the default belts, only in a repeating HE-I/AP-T order.
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! colspan="7" | Penetration statistics
* Ground Target belts - Intended to be used against armoured ground targets, these boast a belt made up almost entirely of armour piercing ammunition. It features Mk 106 HE-I, Mk 107 AP-I, and Mk 108 AP-T rounds arranged in AP-T/AP-T/HE-I/AP-I order.
+
|-
* Air Target belts - These belts are arranged in much the same way as the Universal belts. However, every fourth round is now a Mk 107 AP-I round, leaving the belts ordered as HE-I/AP-T/HE-I/AP-I.
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! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
* Stealth belts - These belts contain the most HE-I rounds of any available for the Mk 12, with Mk 106 HE-I and Mk 107 AP-I rounds in HE-I/HE-I/HE-I/AP-I order.
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! colspan="6" | '''Penetration @ 90° (mm)'''
 +
|-
 +
! 10 m || 100 m || 500 m || 1,000 m || 1,500 m || 2,000 m
 +
|-
 +
| AP-I || 36 || 33 || 27 || 22 || 17 || 14
 +
|-
 +
| AP-T || 33 || 31 || 27 || 24 || 19 || 14
 +
|-
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| HEI || 2 || 2 || 2 || 2 || 2 || 2
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|-
 +
|}
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{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
 +
! colspan="10" | Shell details
 +
|-
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! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
 +
! rowspan="2" | Velocity<br>(m/s)
 +
! rowspan="2" | Projectile<br>Mass (kg)
 +
! rowspan="2" | Fuse delay<br>(m)
 +
! rowspan="2" | Fuse sensitivity<br>(mm)
 +
! rowspan="2" | Explosive Mass<br>(TNT equivalent) (g)
 +
! rowspan="2" | Normalisation at 30°<br>from horizontal
 +
! colspan="3" | Ricochet
 +
|-
 +
! 0%
 +
! 50%
 +
! 100%
 +
|-
 +
| AP-I || 1,012 || 0.11 || N/A || N/A || N/A || -1.0° || 47° || 60° || 65°
 +
|-
 +
| AP-T || 1,012 || 0.11 || N/A || N/A || N/A || -1.0° || 47° || 60° || 65°
 +
|-
 +
| HEI || 1,012 || 0.11 || 0.2 || 0.1 || 18.3 || +0.0° || 79° || 80° || 81°
 +
|-
 +
|}
  
 
=== Comparison with analogues ===
 
=== Comparison with analogues ===
[[AN/M3 (20 mm)|AN/M3]] - The predecessor to the Mk 12, and inferior in almost every way. It has a lower rate of fire, lower burst mass, and lower muzzle velocity than the Mk 12 Mod 3.
+
<!-- ''Give a comparative description of cannons/machine guns that have firepower equal to this weapon.'' -->
 +
;Comparable ammunition:
 +
* [[AN/M3 (20 mm)|AN/M3]] - The predecessor to the Mk 12, and inferior in almost every way. It has a lower rate of fire, lower burst mass, and lower muzzle velocity than the Mk 12 Mod 3.
  
[[M24A1 (20 mm)|M24A1]] - Derived from the AN/M3, this cannon uses electrically primed cartridges instead of the percussivelly primed cartridges on all other Hispano variants. Much like the AN/M3, its inferior in every way to the Mk 12 Mod 3.
+
* [[M24A1 (20 mm)|M24A1]] - Derived from the AN/M3, this cannon uses electrically primed cartridges instead of the percussively primed cartridges on all other Hispano variants. Much like the AN/M3, it's inferior in every way to the Mk 12 Mod 3.
  
[[Hispano Mk.V (20 mm)|Hispano Mk.V]] - The forerunner to the AN/M3, and by extension the Mk 12. As with the two above, it has a lower muzzle velocity, lower rate of fire, and lower burst mass than the Mk 12.
+
* [[Hispano Mk.V (20 mm)|Hispano Mk.V]] - The forerunner to the AN/M3, and by extension the Mk 12. As with the two above, it has a lower muzzle velocity, lower rate of fire, and lower burst mass than the Mk 12.
  
All three of the above weapons fire 20x110mm Hispano ammunition, which has a higher projectile mass than the 20x110mm USN used by the Mk 12, so each individual shell impact will do more damage.
+
All three of the above weapons fire 20 x 110 mm Hispano ammunition, which has a higher projectile mass than the 20 x 110 mm USN used by the Mk 12, so each individual shell impact will do more damage.
  
[[M39A1 (20 mm)|M39A1]] & [[FMC T-160 (20 mm)|FMC T-160]] - These are the US Air Force equivalent to the Mk 12. They have a higher muzzle velocity, much higher rate of fire, and a higher burst mass. However, they have an individual projectile mass nearly 10% lower than that of the Mk 12, and rely more on the sheer number of rounds hitting the target than the size of the shell itself.
+
* [[M39A1 (20 mm)|M39A1]] & [[FMC T-160 (20 mm)|FMC T-160]] - These are the US Air Force equivalent to the Mk 12. They have a higher muzzle velocity, a much higher rate of fire, and a higher burst mass. However, they have an individual projectile mass nearly 10% lower than that of the Mk 12 and rely more on the sheer number of rounds hitting the target than the size of the shell itself.
  
 
== Usage in battles ==
 
== Usage in battles ==
The Mk 12 is an excellent general-purpose cannon - the high quantity of AP rounds in the ''Ground Targets'' belts are ideally suited to taking out lightly armoured vehicles, and the large amount of HE-I rounds in most other belts are easily capable of destroying any opponent. However, the higher rate-of-fire and higher muzzle velocity than the AN/M3 cannons found on the aircraft before it will require some getting used to, particularly when using these cannons against moving targets. Additionally, short bursts are required with a stock cannon, but are not a requirement once the ''New 20mm Cannons'' modification has been unlocked.
+
<!-- ''Describe the cannon/machine gun in the game - its distinctive features, tactics of usage against notable opponents. Please don't write a "guide" - do not impose a single point of view, but give the reader food for thought.'' -->
 +
The Mk 12 is an excellent general-purpose cannon - the high quantity of AP rounds in the ''Ground targets'' belts are ideally suited to taking out lightly armoured vehicles, and a large amount of HE-I rounds in most other belts are easily capable of destroying any opponent. However, the higher rate-of-fire and higher muzzle velocity than the AN/M3 cannons found on the aircraft before it will require some getting used to, particularly when using these cannons against moving targets. Additionally, short bursts are required with a stock cannon but are not a requirement once the ''New 20 mm cannons'' modification has been unlocked.
  
 
=== Pros and cons ===
 
=== Pros and cons ===
''Summarize and briefly evaluate the weaponry in terms of its characteristics and combat effectiveness. Mark pros and cons as a list.''
+
<!-- ''Summarise and briefly evaluate the weaponry in terms of its characteristics and combat effectiveness. Mark pros and cons as a list.'' -->
  
 
'''Pros:'''
 
'''Pros:'''
 
+
* Higher velocity ammunition means less lead is required against manoeuvring targets
* Higher velocity ammunition means less lead is required against manoeuvering targets
 
 
* High rate-of-fire
 
* High rate-of-fire
 
* Can fire nearly 400 rounds before jamming when upgraded
 
* Can fire nearly 400 rounds before jamming when upgraded
 
*
 
  
 
'''Cons:'''
 
'''Cons:'''
 
+
* As with other high rate-of-fire cannons, it will quickly deplete its ammunition stores.
* As with other high rate-of-fire cannons, it will quickly deplete it's ammunition stores.
 
 
* Limited to fairly short bursts while stock to prevent jamming
 
* Limited to fairly short bursts while stock to prevent jamming
 
* Inaccurate while stock
 
* Inaccurate while stock
 
*
 
  
 
== History ==
 
== History ==
''Examine the history of the creation and combat usage of this weapon. If the historical reference turns out to be too big, take it to a separate article, taking a link to an article about the vehicle and adding a block "/ History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(weapon-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article.''
+
''Examine the history of the creation and combat usage of the weapon in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the weapon and adding a block "/ History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Weapon-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>.''
  
 
== Media ==
 
== Media ==
Line 72: Line 125:
  
 
== See also ==
 
== See also ==
[[AN/M3 (20 mm)]]
+
<!-- ''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''
 
+
* ''reference to the article about the variant of the cannon/machine gun;''
[[Hispano Mk.V (20 mm)]]
+
* ''references to approximate analogues by other nations and research trees.'' -->
 
+
* [[AN/M3 (20 mm)]]
[[M24A1 (20 mm)]]
+
* [[Hispano Mk.V (20 mm)]]
 
+
* [[M24A1 (20 mm)]]
[[FMC T-160 (20 mm)]]
+
* [[FMC T-160 (20 mm)]]
 
+
* [[M39A1 (20 mm)]]
[[M39A1 (20 mm)]]
 
  
 
== External links ==
 
== External links ==
[[wikipedia:Colt_Mk_12_cannon|Colt Mk 12 cannon (Wikipedia)]]
+
<!-- ''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''
 
+
* ''topic on the official game forum;''
[https://drive.google.com/file/d/1Qadku999lrNkKvifuJ4MzeMlKQ8EBf4G/view?usp=sharing NAVWEPS OP 1866 - 20-mm Aircraft Gun Mark 12 Mods 0, 2, and 3; Description, Operation and Maintenance (PDF)]
+
* ''encyclopedia page on the weapon;''
 
+
* ''other literature.'' -->
The following documents also contain information about the Mk 12 cannon, as well as other types -
+
* [[wikipedia:Colt_Mk_12_cannon|[Wikipedia] Colt Mk 12 cannon]]
 
+
* [https://drive.google.com/file/d/1Qadku999lrNkKvifuJ4MzeMlKQ8EBf4G/view?usp=sharing NAVWEPS OP 1866 - 20-mm Aircraft Gun Mark 12 Mods 0, 2, and 3; Description, Operation and Maintenance (PDF - Download required for view!)]
[https://drive.google.com/file/d/1Sc_aDGyOn3RnR8EsqQkzg6AGAQZAW0Xp/view?usp=sharing MIL-STD-637A - Machine and Automatic Guns and Machinegun Trainers Through 30-mm (PDF)]
+
* The following documents also contain information about the Mk 12 cannon, as well as other types -
 
+
** [https://drive.google.com/file/d/1Sc_aDGyOn3RnR8EsqQkzg6AGAQZAW0Xp/view?usp=sharing MIL-STD-637A - Machine and Automatic Guns and Machinegun Trainers Through 30-mm (PDF)]
[http://bulletpicker.com/pdf/OP%202215,%20Navy%20Gun%20Type%20Ammunition%20(1972).pdf NAVORD OP 2215 - Navy Gun Type Ammunition (PDF)]
+
** [http://bulletpicker.com/pdf/OP%202215,%20Navy%20Gun%20Type%20Ammunition%20(1972).pdf NAVORD OP 2215 - Navy Gun Type Ammunition (PDF)]
 +
** [http://bulletpicker.com/pdf/DST-1160G-514-81-VOL2,%20Small%20Caliber%20ID%20Guide%20(20mm%20to%2040mm).pdf Small-Caliber Ammunition Identification Guide, Volume 2 - 20-mm to 40-mm Cartridges (PDF)]
  
[http://bulletpicker.com/pdf/DST-1160G-514-81-VOL2,%20Small%20Caliber%20ID%20Guide%20(20mm%20to%2040mm).pdf Small-Caliber Ammunition Identification Guide, Volume 2 - 20-mm to 40-mm Cartridges (PDF)]{{USA aircraft cannons}}
+
{{USA aircraft cannons}}
  
 
[[Category:Aircraft cannons]]
 
[[Category:Aircraft cannons]]

Revision as of 06:36, 15 June 2019


Description

The Colt-Browning Mk 12 Mod 3 is an advanced derivative of the 20 mm AN/M3 cannon and became the standard cannon found on US Navy aircraft from the mid-1950s. Compared to the AN/M3 it replaced, the Mk 12 boasted a faster rate of fire and higher muzzle velocity, courtesy of the new electrically-primed cartridges designed specifically for the Mk 12.

Vehicles equipped with this weapon

General info

Tactical and technical characteristics

  • Rate of Fire: 996 rounds/min
  • Individual Gun Burst Mass: 1.83 kg/sec
  • Muzzle Velocity: 1,012 metres/sec
  • Projectile Mass: 110 grams
  • HE-I Filler Mass: 14 grams
  • Tracer Colour: Red

Available ammunition

The Mk 12 cannon fires 20 x 110 mm USN ammunition, which was developed from the 20 x 110 mm Hispano-Suiza ammunition used by the AN/M2 and AN/M3 cannons.

The Mk 12 Mod 3 cannon can be equipped with the following belts:

  • Default: HEI · HEI · AP-T
These are comprised of Mk 106 HE-I and Mk 108 AP-T rounds and are the stock belts that come with the cannon.
  • Universal: HEI · AP-T
These general-purpose belts are made up of the same HE-I and AP-T rounds as the default belts.
  • Ground targets: AP-T · AP-T · HEI · AP-I
Intended to be used against armoured ground targets, these boast a belt made up almost entirely of armour piercing ammunition. It features Mk 106 HE-I, Mk 107 AP-I, and Mk 108 AP-T rounds.
  • Air targets: HEI · AP-T · HEI · AP-I
These belts are arranged in much the same way as the Universal belts. However, every fourth round is now a Mk 107 AP-I round.
  • Stealth: HEI · HEI · HEI · AP-I
These belts contain the most HE-I rounds of any available for the Mk 12, with Mk 106 HE-I and Mk 107 AP-I rounds.
Penetration statistics
Ammunition Penetration @ 90° (mm)
10 m 100 m 500 m 1,000 m 1,500 m 2,000 m
AP-I 36 33 27 22 17 14
AP-T 33 31 27 24 19 14
HEI 2 2 2 2 2 2
Shell details
Ammunition Velocity
(m/s)
Projectile
Mass (kg)
Fuse delay
(m)
Fuse sensitivity
(mm)
Explosive Mass
(TNT equivalent) (g)
Normalisation at 30°
from horizontal
Ricochet
0% 50% 100%
AP-I 1,012 0.11 N/A N/A N/A -1.0° 47° 60° 65°
AP-T 1,012 0.11 N/A N/A N/A -1.0° 47° 60° 65°
HEI 1,012 0.11 0.2 0.1 18.3 +0.0° 79° 80° 81°

Comparison with analogues

Comparable ammunition
  • AN/M3 - The predecessor to the Mk 12, and inferior in almost every way. It has a lower rate of fire, lower burst mass, and lower muzzle velocity than the Mk 12 Mod 3.
  • M24A1 - Derived from the AN/M3, this cannon uses electrically primed cartridges instead of the percussively primed cartridges on all other Hispano variants. Much like the AN/M3, it's inferior in every way to the Mk 12 Mod 3.
  • Hispano Mk.V - The forerunner to the AN/M3, and by extension the Mk 12. As with the two above, it has a lower muzzle velocity, lower rate of fire, and lower burst mass than the Mk 12.

All three of the above weapons fire 20 x 110 mm Hispano ammunition, which has a higher projectile mass than the 20 x 110 mm USN used by the Mk 12, so each individual shell impact will do more damage.

  • M39A1 & FMC T-160 - These are the US Air Force equivalent to the Mk 12. They have a higher muzzle velocity, a much higher rate of fire, and a higher burst mass. However, they have an individual projectile mass nearly 10% lower than that of the Mk 12 and rely more on the sheer number of rounds hitting the target than the size of the shell itself.

Usage in battles

The Mk 12 is an excellent general-purpose cannon - the high quantity of AP rounds in the Ground targets belts are ideally suited to taking out lightly armoured vehicles, and a large amount of HE-I rounds in most other belts are easily capable of destroying any opponent. However, the higher rate-of-fire and higher muzzle velocity than the AN/M3 cannons found on the aircraft before it will require some getting used to, particularly when using these cannons against moving targets. Additionally, short bursts are required with a stock cannon but are not a requirement once the New 20 mm cannons modification has been unlocked.

Pros and cons

Pros:

  • Higher velocity ammunition means less lead is required against manoeuvring targets
  • High rate-of-fire
  • Can fire nearly 400 rounds before jamming when upgraded

Cons:

  • As with other high rate-of-fire cannons, it will quickly deplete its ammunition stores.
  • Limited to fairly short bursts while stock to prevent jamming
  • Inaccurate while stock

History

Examine the history of the creation and combat usage of the weapon in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the weapon and adding a block "/ History" (example: https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Weapon-name)/History) and add a link to it here using the main template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <ref></ref>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <references />.

Media

An excellent addition to the article would be a video guide, as well as screenshots from the game and photos.

See also

External links


USA aircraft cannons
20 mm  AN/M2 · Browning-Colt Mk12 Mod 0 · Browning-Colt Mk12 Mod 3 · FMC T-160
  M3 · M24A1 · M39 · M39A1 · M39A2 · M39A3 · M61A1 · M195 · M197 · Mk 11 · Mk 11 mod 5 · T31
30 mm  M230E-1 · XM140 · GAU-8/A · GAU-13/A · LR30
37 mm  M4 · M9 · M10
40 mm  M75 · M129
75 mm  M10 · T13E1
  Foreign:
20 mm  Hispano 404 (France) · Hispano Mk.II (Britain) · MG 151 (Germany) · Type 99 Model 1 (Japan)
30 mm  ADEN Mk.4 (Britain)