Difference between revisions of "BMP-1"

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{{Specs-Card|code=ussr_bmp_1}}
 
{{Specs-Card|code=ussr_bmp_1}}
{{Notice|''This page is about the light tank '''{{PAGENAME}}'''. For the version equipped with a 30 mm autocannon, see [[BMP-2]]''}}
+
{{About
 +
| about = Russian light tank '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
 +
| usage = other version
 +
| link = BMP-2
 +
}}
  
 
== Description ==
 
== Description ==
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[[File:GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg|420px|thumb|left]]
 
[[File:GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg|420px|thumb|left]]
 
{{Break}}
 
{{Break}}
The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a Rank {{Specs|rank}} Russian light tank {{Battle-rating}}. This vehicle was introduced in [[Update 1.71 "New E.R.A."]].
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The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a Rank {{Specs|rank}} Russian light tank {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.71 "New E.R.A."]].
  
Shoot and scoot. Alone, exposed BMP-1 is a dead one. Use your mobility to find reasonable sniping spots (for your ATGM) and only use your cannon if an enemy is close and unaware of your presence. Remember that if ANYTHING sees you, it can kill you, even a .50 cal from an American tank can devastate you.
+
The BMP-1 is a shoot-and-scoot type of vehicle as an exposed BMP-1 is a dead BMP-1 - avoid being a target at all costs. Use your mobility to find reasonable sniping spots (for your ATGM) and only use your cannon if an enemy is close and unaware of your presence. Remember that if ''anything'' sees you, it can destroy you - even a .50 cal will make quick work of the BMP-1 from the sides or back.
  
 
== General info ==
 
== General info ==
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''If necessary use a visual template to indicate the most secure and weak zones of the armour.''-->
 
''If necessary use a visual template to indicate the most secure and weak zones of the armour.''-->
  
=== [[Armour]] ===
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The BMP-1 has very little to speak of in the armour department. Minimal frontal and nearly non-existent side armour results in the vehicle being vulnerable to almost any incoming fire. As such, the vehicle's survivability stems entirely from its mobility and reasonably small profile. Where possible, utilise hills or other cover, only exposing as much of the vehicle as is necessary to engage an unaware target.
 +
 
 +
Despite the lack of armour, however, the BMP-1 will, on occasion, survive hits unexpectedly - the internals of the vehicle are largely non-critical and many rounds will over-penetrate.
 +
 
 
{| class="wikitable"
 
{| class="wikitable"
 
|-
 
|-
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=== Mobility ===
 
=== Mobility ===
<!--''Write about the mobility of the ground vehicle. Estimate the specific power and manoeuvrability as well as the maximum speed forward and backwards.''-->
+
<!-- ''Write about the mobility of the ground vehicle. Estimate the specific power and manoeuvrability, as well as the maximum speed forwards and backwards.'' -->
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
+
 
|-
+
{{tankMobility|abMinHp= 465|rbMinHp= 265|<!--AoAweight=(optional) -->}}
! colspan="3" | Mobility characteristic
+
 
|-
+
The {{PAGENAME}}'s mobility is reasonably good, although somewhat lacking relative to other IFVs. Despite that, once it gets moving it can travel at a decent pace.
! Weight (tons)
+
 
! colspan="1" | Add-on Armour<br>weight (tons)
+
Be aware when attempting flanking maneuvers and early pushes that there are vehicles with better mobility characteristics, and in many cases you'll encounter a vehicle before reaching a desirable position.
! colspan="1" | Max speed (km/h)
 
|-
 
| rowspan="2" | 13.0 || colspan="1" rowspan="2" | N/A || colspan="1" | 65 (AB)
 
|-
 
|72 (RB/SB)
 
|-
 
! colspan="3" | Engine power (horsepower)
 
|-
 
! colspan="1" | Mode
 
!Stock
 
!Upgraded
 
|-
 
|''Arcade''
 
|465
 
|572
 
|-
 
|''Realistic/Simulator''
 
|265
 
|300
 
|-
 
! colspan="3" | Power-to-weight ratio (hp/ton)
 
|-
 
! colspan="1" | Mode
 
!Stock
 
!Upgraded
 
|-
 
|''Arcade''
 
|35.77
 
|44.00
 
|-
 
|''Realistic/Simulator''
 
|20.38
 
|23.07
 
|-
 
|}
 
  
 
== Armaments ==
 
== Armaments ==
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<!--''Give the reader information about the characteristics of the main gun. Assess its effectiveness in a battle based on the reloading speed, ballistics and the power of shells. Do not forget about the flexibility of the fire, that is how quickly the cannon can be aimed at the target, open fire on it and aim at another enemy. Add a link to the main article on the gun: <code><nowiki>{{main|Name of the weapon}}</nowiki></code>. Describe in general terms the ammunition available for the main gun. Advise about how to use them and how to fill the ammunition storage.''-->
 
<!--''Give the reader information about the characteristics of the main gun. Assess its effectiveness in a battle based on the reloading speed, ballistics and the power of shells. Do not forget about the flexibility of the fire, that is how quickly the cannon can be aimed at the target, open fire on it and aim at another enemy. Add a link to the main article on the gun: <code><nowiki>{{main|Name of the weapon}}</nowiki></code>. Describe in general terms the ammunition available for the main gun. Advise about how to use them and how to fill the ammunition storage.''-->
 
{{main|2A28 (73 mm)}}
 
{{main|2A28 (73 mm)}}
 +
 +
The 2A28 main cannon, despite being the 'main' armament will more often than not act more as secondary armament, at least once the BMP-1P upgrade is researched, due to the 9M113 ATGM proving significantly more controllable and effective at all engagement ranges. Despite this, the PG-9 HEAT round proves valuable in a pinch, with well-placed shots able to disable critical components on most vehicles the BMP will face. Keep in mind that the BMP-1 does not feature any sort of stabilisation at all, and due to its light weight the gun is near impossible to get on target at speed.
 +
 +
The main cannon's primary drawback is its mediocre ballistic performance, with the HEAT round travelling at only 665m/s and the HE round travelling at an abysmal 290m/s.
  
 
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
 
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
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! colspan="1" style="width:4em" |Prior + Ace qualif.
 
! colspan="1" style="width:4em" |Prior + Ace qualif.
 
|-
 
|-
| 7.8 || __.__ || __.__ || __.__
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| 6.0 || 6.0 || 6.0 || 6.0
 
|-
 
|-
 
|}
 
|}
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! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
 
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition
 
! rowspan="2" class="unsortable" | Type of <br /> warhead
 
! rowspan="2" class="unsortable" | Type of <br /> warhead
! rowspan="2" |Maximum Velocity <br /> in m/s
+
! rowspan="2" |Velocity <br /> in m/s
 
! rowspan="2" |Projectile<br />Mass in kg
 
! rowspan="2" |Projectile<br />Mass in kg
! rowspan="2" | Range (m)
 
 
! rowspan="2" | ''Fuse delay''
 
! rowspan="2" | ''Fuse delay''
 
''in m:''
 
''in m:''
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! 100%
 
! 100%
 
|-
 
|-
| PG-6 || HEAT || 665 || 2.6 || ?,000 || 0.0 || 0.0 || 1,250 || +0° || 25° || 18° || 15°
+
| PG-6 || HEAT || 665 || 2.6 || 0.0 || 0.1 || 1,130 || +0° || 25° || 18° || 15°
 
|-
 
|-
| OG-9 || HE || 290 || 3.7 || ?.000 || 0.05 || 0.1 || 735 || +0° || 11° || 10° || 9°
+
| OG-9 || HE || 290 || 3.7 || 0.05 || 0.1 || 735 || +0° || 11° || 10° || 9°
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|}
 
|}
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=== Additional armament ===
 
=== Additional armament ===
 
<!--''Some tanks are armed with several guns in one or more turrets. Evaluate the additional weaponry and advise on its use. Describe the ammunition available for additional weaponry. Advise about how to use them and how to fill the ammunition storage. If there is no additional weaponry remove this subsection.''-->
 
<!--''Some tanks are armed with several guns in one or more turrets. Evaluate the additional weaponry and advise on its use. Describe the ammunition available for additional weaponry. Advise about how to use them and how to fill the ammunition storage. If there is no additional weaponry remove this subsection.''-->
 +
{{main|9M14|9M113 Konkurs}}
 +
'''9M14'''
 +
 +
The BMP-1 comes with a rail-mounted manually-guided ATGM as stock, initially aimed manually and with somewhat mediocre penetration and explosive mass values. While occasionally useful, generally the main gun is easier and more reliable to use.
  
 
4 x 9M14 ATGM
 
4 x 9M14 ATGM
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*Guidance type: MCLOS
 
*Guidance type: MCLOS
 
*Firing range: 3 km
 
*Firing range: 3 km
 +
 +
'''9M113'''
 +
 +
Once the BMP-1P upgrade is researched, the rail-mounted 9M14 ATGM is replaced with a spindle-mounted 9M113 ATGM. This ATGM is significantly more powerful and easier to use due to its semi-automatic guiding system. Improved penetration values and significantly increased explosive mass will result in far more reliable destructive power. Keep in mind that the ATGM can only be fired when stopped or at extremely low speeds.
  
 
4 x 9M113 ATGM (BMP-1P)
 
4 x 9M113 ATGM (BMP-1P)
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! 2,000 m
 
! 2,000 m
 
|-
 
|-
| 9M14 || AGTM || 400 || 400 || 400 || 400 || 400 || 400  
+
| 9M14 || ATGM || 400 || 400 || 400 || 400 || 400 || 400  
 
|-
 
|-
| 9M113 || AGTM || 600 || 600|| 600|| 600|| 600 || 600
+
| 9M113 || ATGM || 600 || 600|| 600|| 600|| 600 || 600
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|}
 
|}
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! 100%
 
! 100%
 
|-
 
|-
| 9M14 || AGTM || 120 || 11 || 3,000 || 0.0 || 0.1 || 3,410 || +0° || 0° || 8° || 8°
+
| 9M14 || ATGM || 120 || 11 || 3,000 || 0.0 || 0.1 || 3,410 || +0° || 0° || 8° || 8°
 
|-
 
|-
| 9M113 || AGTM || 205 || 25 || 3.000 || 0.0 || 0.1 || 4,860 || +0° || 0° || 8° || 8°
+
| 9M113 || ATGM || 205 || 25 || 3.000 || 0.0 || 0.1 || 4,860 || +0° || 0° || 8° || 8°
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|}
 
|}
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{{main|PKT (7.62 mm)}}
 
{{main|PKT (7.62 mm)}}
  
The {{PAGENAME}} comes equipped with a coaxial 7.62 mm PKT machine gun.  
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The {{PAGENAME}} comes equipped with a coaxial 7.62 mm PKT machine gun. This is only useful for clearing small obstacles or exposed crew in open-top vehicles.  
  
 
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
 
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
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! rowspan="1" | Horizontal <br> guidance
 
! rowspan="1" | Horizontal <br> guidance
 
|-
 
|-
| colspan="4" | 250 ||700 shots/min|| -5°/+30° || ±??°
+
| colspan="4" | 250 ||700 || N/A || N/A
 
|-
 
|-
 
|}
 
|}
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== Usage in the battles ==
 
== Usage in the battles ==
 
<!--''Describe the tactics of playing in the vehicle, the features of using vehicles in the team and advice on tactics. Refrain from creating a "guide" - do not impose a single point of view but give the reader food for thought. Describe the most dangerous enemies and give recommendations on fighting them. If necessary, note the specifics of the game in different modes (AB, RB, SB).''-->
 
<!--''Describe the tactics of playing in the vehicle, the features of using vehicles in the team and advice on tactics. Refrain from creating a "guide" - do not impose a single point of view but give the reader food for thought. Describe the most dangerous enemies and give recommendations on fighting them. If necessary, note the specifics of the game in different modes (AB, RB, SB).''-->
The most distinctive features of the BMP-1 is its shape, cannon and ATGM system. The BMP-1 is just a giant box (barn) and is relatively easy to hit, even from long distances. This vehicle utilises a small crew of three (no commander), but is very spacious, so shots from the side are likely only to damage or destroy one module at a time. However, with only 23 mm AT MOST protecting the tank, you can bet hull breaks will be plentiful, especially when facing enemies equipped with APFSDS. Unlike most vehicles, the BMP-1 is equipped with a short-barreled 73 mm gun (an odd calibre) firing exclusively anti-tank grenades. While the drop is extreme (though not worse than a German howitzer) it can be used to great effect at lower (or similar) tiers due to the penetration at any distance is 300 mm. The standard PG-9 ammunition has an explosive mass of about 1.25 kg. The trade-off, in this case, is the low velocity and relatively poor slope characteristics (the penetration drop in half if more than 60 degrees of slope). Finally, as standard, the BMP-1 is equipped with the 9M14 ATGM, capable of penetrating 400mm and carrying an explosive mass of 2.6 kg. It is WASD guided, and therefore somewhat tricky to use at first (and ''especially'' difficult to use in high packet-loss or high ping matches). An optional modification for the BMP-1 allows it to use turret-mounted smoke grenades as well as a next-generation missile, the 9M113. The BMP-1 (as of 1.77.2.149) is the earliest vehicle in-game to be able to use a SACLOS (mouse-guided) system for an ATGM. Not only is the missile nearly twice as fast as the 9M14, but it carries a slightly larger explosive payload, and can penetrate up to 600 mm at 90 degrees, at any range. As of 1.91, it recieves NVD, which can help during night battles to help with visibility. NVD are available for the commander, gunner, and driver of the BMP-1. Once purchased, the NVD modification also allows the use of a Infrared Spotlight to help illuminate targets if they are hard to see. However, it is mounted to the hull, and won't rotate with the turret when on.  
+
The BMP-1 is quite distinctive due to its oddly-shaped hull. The vehicle is crewed by only three (no commander), but is very spacious, so shots from the side occasionally cause minimal or even no damage. However, with only 23 mm AT MOST protecting the tank, it's a safe bet that hull breaks will be plentiful, especially when facing enemies equipped with APFSDS or HEAT. The BMP-1 is equipped with a short-barreled 73 mm gun (an odd calibre) firing exclusively anti-tank grenades. The projectile drop is extreme, albeit not the worst in-game, and it can be used to great effect against many of the vehicles the BMP will face due to the consistent 300mm of penetration at range. The standard PG-9 ammunition has an explosive mass of about 1.25 kg. The trade-off, in this case, is the low velocity and relatively poor slope characteristics (the penetration drop in half if more than 60 degrees of slope). Finally, as standard, the BMP-1 is equipped with the 9M14 ATGM, capable of penetrating 400mm and carrying an explosive mass of 2.6 kg. It is WASD guided, and therefore somewhat tricky to use at first (and ''especially'' difficult to use in high packet-loss or high ping matches). An optional modification for the BMP-1 allows it to use turret-mounted smoke grenades as well as a next-generation missile, the 9M113. The BMP-1 (as of 1.77.2.149) is the earliest vehicle in-game to be able to use a SACLOS (mouse-guided) system for an ATGM. Not only is the missile nearly twice as fast as the 9M14, but it carries a notably larger explosive payload, and can penetrate up to 600 mm at 90 degrees at any range. As of 1.91, the BMP-1 can research NVD, which can help during night battles to help with visibility. NVD is available in commander, gunner, driver and outside viewports. Once purchased, the NVD modification also allows the use of a Infrared Spotlight to help illuminate targets if they are hard to see. However, it is mounted to the hull, and as such will require the hull to be rotated to illuminate anything.  
 +
 
 +
=== Modules ===
 +
{| class="wikitable"
 +
!Tier
 +
! colspan="2" |Mobility
 +
!Protection
 +
! colspan="3" |Firepower
 +
|-
 +
|I
 +
|Tracks
 +
|
 +
|Parts
 +
|Horizontal Drive
 +
|
 +
|
 +
|-
 +
|II
 +
|Suspension
 +
|Brake System
 +
|FPE
 +
|Adjustment of Fire
 +
|Airstrike
 +
|
 +
|-
 +
|III
 +
|Filters
 +
|
 +
|Crew Replenishment
 +
|Elevation Mechanism
 +
|BMP-1P
 +
|
 +
|-
 +
|IV
 +
|Transmission
 +
|Engine
 +
|ESS
 +
|Artillery Support
 +
|Improved optics
 +
|NVD
 +
|}
  
 
=== Pros and cons ===
 
=== Pros and cons ===
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'''Pros:'''
 
'''Pros:'''
  
* Very mobile, useful in higher rank engagements where armour doesn't matter
+
* Fairly mobile, both weapon systems are particularly effective against the lightly armoured vehicles it will encounter often such as the Leopard, OF-40, etc
* One of the earliest ATGM vehicle available in-game and the earliest to have access to mouse-guided (SACLOS) missiles at 7.3
+
* One of the earliest ATGM vehicles available and the earliest to receive mouse-guided (SACLOS) ATGMs (with the BMP-1P modification)
* Devastating HEAT round, with 300 mm of penetration at any distance
+
* Decent main gun HEAT round penetrating up to 300mm of armour at any range
* Amphibious
+
* Amphibious ability which can allow it to reach positions that other vehicles struggle to
* Thin armour doesn't detonate most fuses of armour piercing ammunition
+
* Armour piercing high explosive rounds often won't detonate on penetration
* Functional in both up-tiers and down-tiers
+
* Solid shot rounds will cause very little internal damage, on occasion completely overpenetrating without doing any damage
* Can face 6.3 vehicles often
+
* Functional even in uptiers
* Reasonably fast turret traverse
+
* All ammunition types are default and as such have no cost
* The BMP-1P's next generation SACLOS (Mouse-Guided) ATGM can be used to great effect in CQB when firing a missile following a shot from the main cannon
+
* Night Vision allows effectiveness in night battles
* Smoke Grenades added with the BMP-1P modification
 
* None of the ammo types (even ATGM) costs SL to replenish, very economical
 
* Gets NVD Modification that allows to see in night battles better
 
  
 
'''Cons:'''
 
'''Cons:'''
  
* Slower reverse speed than most tanks of Rank V
+
* Mediocre reverse speed, particularly for a light tank
* SACLOS missiles have to be unlocked, and hinder performance and add a significant repair cost
+
* Default missiles are manually guided, upgraded missiles must be unlocked with the BMP-1P research
* Virtually no armour, can be easily hull-broken
+
* Vulnerable to hull breaks, particularly from HEAT-FS rounds
* No kinetic shell
+
* Chemical ammunition only, may struggle to damage vehicles with ERA
* All ammo types have a high sensitive fuse, they cannot be shot through even the most flimsy wooden fence
+
* All available ammunition is hyper-sensitive and will detonate on hitting light obstacles such as fences or bushes
* Enemy tanks will more than likely have HEAT-FS or HESH ammo, with one hit easily able to hull-break BMP-1
+
* Somewhat large silhouette for a light tank
* Large, boxy silhouette, making sniping a BMP-1 relatively easy
+
* Minimal gun depression
* Very little gun depression
+
* Has no stabiliser, accurate shots on the move or in water are often not possible
* Without stabiliser, it is rather difficult to shoot accurately in the water
+
* Only three crew members, two of whom sit extremely close together
* Only three crew members
+
* Vulnerable to heavy machine gun and light cannon fire, particularly from the sides or top
* Two of the three crew sit behind each other, high potential to be knocked out simultaneously
+
* Very vulnerable to aircraft and helicopters
* It is possible to kill crew with HMG fire, especially from the sides and top
+
* Bombs and artillery can deal significant damage, even when at a distance
* VERY vulnerable to aerial machine gun fire and rockets
 
* Anti-air can demolish a BMP-1
 
* Bomb shrapnel and artillery can easily penetrate
 
 
* Infrared Spotlight mounted to hull, won't rotate with turret when NVD is on
 
* Infrared Spotlight mounted to hull, won't rotate with turret when NVD is on
  
 
== History ==
 
== History ==
The BMP-1 was the first vehicle of its kind. It was developed by the Soviet Union in the postwar period to fit a new take on existing combat doctrines, modernized for a new age of warfare. Designed in the 1950's, it incorporated ideas from both light tanks and APC's, creating something that could fight against lightly armored vehicles and infantry alike, and carry troops along a front if needed. After being accepted in 1966, the Soviet Army adopted the vehicle into its own ranks. After an analysis of IFV's after the Vietnam, Yom Kippur, and Angolan Wars, it was determined that some minor changes to the hull should be made, and that the ATGM should be switched to the more reliable 9M113 "Konkurs" ATGM and the decision of smoke grenades were to be added in the 1970's. It was then produced until the 1980's, when the BMP-2 came along to take its place, with a new 30mm autocannon, although the BMP-1 was upgraded more and is still in service in some countries today.
+
<!--Describe the history of the creation and combat usage of the ground vehicle in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too big, take it to a separate article, taking a link to an article about the vehicle and adding a block "/historical reference" (example: https://wiki.warthunder.com/Name-vehicles/historical reference) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to include links to sources at the end of the article.-->
 +
 
 +
'''Development'''
 +
 
 +
In the 1950’s, Soviet armored personnel carrier (APC) tactics consisted of lightly armored vehicles that would transport soldiers to combat zones, and then head back behind the lines to safety. During this time, the West German Bundeswehr was using the Schützenpanzer Lang and infantry fighting vehicle (IFV) tactics, where the vehicles would work with the infantry and tanks in order to support them, especially against lightly armored targets. The BMP was a Soviet IFV design created in the late 1950’s. Some of the requirements were the ability for all of the infantry carried to be able to fire from within the vehicle, which was unseen before in IFV designs. It was intended to support the infantry and combat enemy light vehicles. The design placed emphasis on speed and maneuverability, potent armament, and sufficient armament to protect against 23 mm autocannons over the frontal arc. There was a debate over how the vehicle should be wheeled or tracked, and a number of options were explored including hybrid designs with both. The design that was chosen was a tracked vehicle with the engine in the front and the crew compartment in the rear; it was designated the Object 764. A prototype was created in 1964, and the final design was chosen in 1965 - an improved model called the Object 765. In service the production model was called the BMP-1.
 +
 
 +
'''Design'''
 +
 
 +
The BMP-1 features a fully tracked hull, with a sharply angled glacis at the front, a centrally mounted turret, and a crew compartment in the rear of the hull, with doors for the infantry to mount and dismount the vehicle. The hull layout is as follows: the engine was in the front right section of the hull. The driver sat to the front left of the vehicle, the commander sat right behind the driver, and the gunner sat in the right side of the turret. The troop compartment located at the rear of the vehicle could seat 8 infantry soldiers. The ability to fire from inside the vehicle was provided by four firing ports on each side of the hull and one in the left door. There are also four hatches in the roof. The infantry sit on two benches with padding, back to back, facing the outer sides of the vehicle. The armor of the frontal arc is enough to generally protect against 20 mm autocannon fire, the side armor generally protects against 12.7 mm machine gun fire, and the roof and rear armor protects against small arms fire and shell fragments. In addition, the sloped glacis on the front of the hull also increased the chances of shells bouncing, because of the extreme angles. The protection level depended somewhat on the version of the BMP-1 in question, as different nations had differing levels of armor quality. The main armament consisted of a 73 mm 2A28 Grom smoothbore semi-automatic cannon, along with a 9M14 Malyutka anti-tank guided missile (ATGM). Secondary armament consisted of a 7.62 mm PKT machine gun. The engine provides 300 hp, and is a six-cylinder four-stroke diesel engine. The suspension system used was a torsion bar suspension system. The BMP-1 is fully amphibious with little preparation. Before entering the water a trim vane has to be raised, which provides additional frontal armor when in the lowered position. It can achieve 65 kph (40 mph) on road and 8 kph (5 mph) in water.
 +
 
 +
'''Production and Service'''
 +
 
 +
Over 20,000 BMP-1's were produced in the Soviet Union alone, with many more produced in China and Czechoslovakia. The BMP-1 was widely exported and saw significant combat worldwide. BMP-1's participated in the Yom Kippur War, the Angolan Civil War, the Iran-Iraq War, the Gulf War, and many other conflicts. It was well liked for its maneuverability, but it was found that the cannon lacked effective range and the 9M14 ATGM's were hard to control. During the Gulf War it was found that the 25 mm Bushmaster cannon found on the M2/M3 Bradley could consistently penetrate the frontal armor of the BMP-1, even at range.
 +
 
 +
'''BMP-1P Upgrade'''
 +
 
 +
The BMP-1P was an upgrade to the ATGM systems of the BMP-1. It replaced the 9M14 Malyutka missiles with 9M113 Konkurs or 9M111 missile. This increased the weight of the vehicle, leading to a slight decrease in maneuverability.
  
 
== Media ==
 
== Media ==
''An excellent addition to the article will be video guides, as well as screenshots from the game and photos.''
+
<!--Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.-->
 +
{{Youtube-gallery|SKeFUWKudoY|'''The Shooting Range #63''' - ''War Machines'' section at 04:49 discusses the BMP-1.}}
  
 
== Read also ==
 
== Read also ==
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''ETC.''-->
 
''ETC.''-->
  
* [https://warthunder.com/en/news/4909-development-bmp-1-master-of-adaptation-en [Devblog<nowiki>]</nowiki> BMP-1 - “Master of Adaptation”]<br />
+
* [https://warthunder.com/en/news/4909-development-bmp-1-master-of-adaptation-en [Devblog<nowiki>]</nowiki> BMP-1 - “Master of Adaptation”]
 +
 
 +
== Bibliography ==
 +
 
 +
* David B. (2015, December 1). BMP-1. Tank Encyclopedia. https://tanks-encyclopedia.com/coldwar/USSR/soviet_BMP-1.php
 +
* BMP-1. (2020, March 25). In ''Wikipedia''. https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=BMP-1&oldid=947316322<br />
  
 
== Sources ==
 
== Sources ==

Revision as of 01:08, 25 May 2020

Rank VI USSR | Premium | Golden Eagles
Su-25K Pack
ussr_bmp_1.png
BMP-1
AB RB SB
7.7 7.7 7.7
Class:
Research:105 000 Specs-Card-Exp.png
Purchase:300 000 Specs-Card-Lion.png
Show in game
This page is about the Russian light tank BMP-1. For other version, see BMP-2.

Description

GarageImage BMP-1.jpg


The BMP-1 is a Rank V Russian light tank with a battle rating of 7.7 (AB/RB/SB). It was introduced in Update 1.71 "New E.R.A.".

The BMP-1 is a shoot-and-scoot type of vehicle as an exposed BMP-1 is a dead BMP-1 - avoid being a target at all costs. Use your mobility to find reasonable sniping spots (for your ATGM) and only use your cannon if an enemy is close and unaware of your presence. Remember that if anything sees you, it can destroy you - even a .50 cal will make quick work of the BMP-1 from the sides or back.

General info

Survivability and armour

The BMP-1 has very little to speak of in the armour department. Minimal frontal and nearly non-existent side armour results in the vehicle being vulnerable to almost any incoming fire. As such, the vehicle's survivability stems entirely from its mobility and reasonably small profile. Where possible, utilise hills or other cover, only exposing as much of the vehicle as is necessary to engage an unaware target.

Despite the lack of armour, however, the BMP-1 will, on occasion, survive hits unexpectedly - the internals of the vehicle are largely non-critical and many rounds will over-penetrate.

Armour Front (Slope angle) Sides Rear Roof
Hull 7-12 mm (80°) Front glacis
19 mm (56°) Lower glacis
16 mm (3-18°) Top
18 + 4 mm Bottom
16 mm (12°) Top
12 mm (48°) Bottom
12 mm (8-51°) Doors
6 mm
5 mm Engine exhausts
Turret 23 mm (0-53°) Turret front
33 + 26 mm Gun mantlet
13-23 mm (24-37°) 13 mm (23-26°) 6 mm
Armour Sides Roof
Cupola 7 mm 7 mm

Notes:

  • Suspension wheels and tracks are 10 mm thick.
  • Belly armour is 6 mm thick.

Mobility

Game Mode Max Speed (km/h) Weight (tons) Engine power (horsepower) Power-to-weight ratio (hp/ton)
Forward Reverse Stock Upgraded Stock Upgraded
Arcade 73 13 13 465 572 35.77 44
Realistic 66 12 265 300 20.38 23.08

The BMP-1's mobility is reasonably good, although somewhat lacking relative to other IFVs. Despite that, once it gets moving it can travel at a decent pace.

Be aware when attempting flanking maneuvers and early pushes that there are vehicles with better mobility characteristics, and in many cases you'll encounter a vehicle before reaching a desirable position.

Armaments

Main armament

Main article: 2A28 (73 mm)

The 2A28 main cannon, despite being the 'main' armament will more often than not act more as secondary armament, at least once the BMP-1P upgrade is researched, due to the 9M113 ATGM proving significantly more controllable and effective at all engagement ranges. Despite this, the PG-9 HEAT round proves valuable in a pinch, with well-placed shots able to disable critical components on most vehicles the BMP will face. Keep in mind that the BMP-1 does not feature any sort of stabilisation at all, and due to its light weight the gun is near impossible to get on target at speed.

The main cannon's primary drawback is its mediocre ballistic performance, with the HEAT round travelling at only 665m/s and the HE round travelling at an abysmal 290m/s.

73 mm 2A28 Cannon
Capacity Fire rate
(shots/minute)
Vertical
guidance
Horizontal
guidance
Stabilizer
40 7 -5°/+30° N/A No
Turret rotation speed (°/s)
Mode Stock Upgraded Prior + Full crew Prior + Expert qualif. Prior + Ace qualif.
Arcade 11.9 N/A __.__ __.__ __.__
Realistic 11.9 N/A __.__ __.__ __.__
Reloading rate (seconds)
Stock Prior + Full crew Prior + Expert qualif. Prior + Ace qualif.
6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0
Ammunition
Penetration statistics
Ammunition Type of
warhead
Penetration in mm @ 90°
10 m 100 m 500 m 1,000 m 1,500 m 2,000 m
PG-9 HEAT 300 300 300 300 300 300
OG-9 HE 10 10 10 10 10 10
Shell details
Ammunition Type of
warhead
Velocity
in m/s
Projectile
Mass in kg
Fuse delay

in m:

Fuse sensitivity

in mm:

Explosive Mass in g
(TNT equivalent):
Normalization At 30°
from horizontal:
Ricochet:
0% 50% 100%
PG-6 HEAT 665 2.6 0.0 0.1 1,130 +0° 25° 18° 15°
OG-9 HE 290 3.7 0.05 0.1 735 +0° 11° 10°
Ammo racks
Full
ammo
1st
rack empty
2nd
rack empty
3rd
rack empty
4th
rack empty
5th
rack empty
6th
rack empty
Visual
discrepancy
40 XX (X+)  (+)  (+)  (+)  (+)  (+) no

Additional armament

Main articles: 9M14, 9M113 Konkurs

9M14

The BMP-1 comes with a rail-mounted manually-guided ATGM as stock, initially aimed manually and with somewhat mediocre penetration and explosive mass values. While occasionally useful, generally the main gun is easier and more reliable to use.

4 x 9M14 ATGM

  • Guidance type: MCLOS
  • Firing range: 3 km

9M113

Once the BMP-1P upgrade is researched, the rail-mounted 9M14 ATGM is replaced with a spindle-mounted 9M113 ATGM. This ATGM is significantly more powerful and easier to use due to its semi-automatic guiding system. Improved penetration values and significantly increased explosive mass will result in far more reliable destructive power. Keep in mind that the ATGM can only be fired when stopped or at extremely low speeds.

4 x 9M113 ATGM (BMP-1P)

  • Guidance type: SACLOS
  • Firing range: 3 km
Ammunition
Penetration statistics
Ammunition Type of
warhead
Penetration in mm @ 90°
10 m 100 m 500 m 1,000 m 1,500 m 2,000 m
9M14 ATGM 400 400 400 400 400 400
9M113 ATGM 600 600 600 600 600 600
Shell details
Ammunition Type of
warhead
Maximum Velocity
in m/s
Projectile
Mass in kg
Range (m) Fuse delay

in m:

Fuse sensitivity

in mm:

Explosive Mass in g
(TNT equivalent):
Normalization At 30°
from horizontal:
Ricochet:
0% 50% 100%
9M14 ATGM 120 11 3,000 0.0 0.1 3,410 +0°
9M113 ATGM 205 25 3.000 0.0 0.1 4,860 +0°
Ammo racks
Full
ammo
1st
rack empty
2nd
rack empty
3rd
rack empty
4th
rack empty
5th
rack empty
6th
rack empty
Visual
discrepancy
4 XX (X+)  (+)  (+)  (+)  (+)  (+) no

Machine guns

Main article: PKT (7.62 mm)

The BMP-1 comes equipped with a coaxial 7.62 mm PKT machine gun. This is only useful for clearing small obstacles or exposed crew in open-top vehicles.

PKT 7.62
Coaxial
Capacity (Belt capacity) Fire rate
(shots/minute)
Vertical
guidance
Horizontal
guidance
250 700 N/A N/A

Usage in the battles

The BMP-1 is quite distinctive due to its oddly-shaped hull. The vehicle is crewed by only three (no commander), but is very spacious, so shots from the side occasionally cause minimal or even no damage. However, with only 23 mm AT MOST protecting the tank, it's a safe bet that hull breaks will be plentiful, especially when facing enemies equipped with APFSDS or HEAT. The BMP-1 is equipped with a short-barreled 73 mm gun (an odd calibre) firing exclusively anti-tank grenades. The projectile drop is extreme, albeit not the worst in-game, and it can be used to great effect against many of the vehicles the BMP will face due to the consistent 300mm of penetration at range. The standard PG-9 ammunition has an explosive mass of about 1.25 kg. The trade-off, in this case, is the low velocity and relatively poor slope characteristics (the penetration drop in half if more than 60 degrees of slope). Finally, as standard, the BMP-1 is equipped with the 9M14 ATGM, capable of penetrating 400mm and carrying an explosive mass of 2.6 kg. It is WASD guided, and therefore somewhat tricky to use at first (and especially difficult to use in high packet-loss or high ping matches). An optional modification for the BMP-1 allows it to use turret-mounted smoke grenades as well as a next-generation missile, the 9M113. The BMP-1 (as of 1.77.2.149) is the earliest vehicle in-game to be able to use a SACLOS (mouse-guided) system for an ATGM. Not only is the missile nearly twice as fast as the 9M14, but it carries a notably larger explosive payload, and can penetrate up to 600 mm at 90 degrees at any range. As of 1.91, the BMP-1 can research NVD, which can help during night battles to help with visibility. NVD is available in commander, gunner, driver and outside viewports. Once purchased, the NVD modification also allows the use of a Infrared Spotlight to help illuminate targets if they are hard to see. However, it is mounted to the hull, and as such will require the hull to be rotated to illuminate anything.

Modules

Tier Mobility Protection Firepower
I Tracks Parts Horizontal Drive
II Suspension Brake System FPE Adjustment of Fire Airstrike
III Filters Crew Replenishment Elevation Mechanism BMP-1P
IV Transmission Engine ESS Artillery Support Improved optics NVD

Pros and cons

Pros:

  • Fairly mobile, both weapon systems are particularly effective against the lightly armoured vehicles it will encounter often such as the Leopard, OF-40, etc
  • One of the earliest ATGM vehicles available and the earliest to receive mouse-guided (SACLOS) ATGMs (with the BMP-1P modification)
  • Decent main gun HEAT round penetrating up to 300mm of armour at any range
  • Amphibious ability which can allow it to reach positions that other vehicles struggle to
  • Armour piercing high explosive rounds often won't detonate on penetration
  • Solid shot rounds will cause very little internal damage, on occasion completely overpenetrating without doing any damage
  • Functional even in uptiers
  • All ammunition types are default and as such have no cost
  • Night Vision allows effectiveness in night battles

Cons:

  • Mediocre reverse speed, particularly for a light tank
  • Default missiles are manually guided, upgraded missiles must be unlocked with the BMP-1P research
  • Vulnerable to hull breaks, particularly from HEAT-FS rounds
  • Chemical ammunition only, may struggle to damage vehicles with ERA
  • All available ammunition is hyper-sensitive and will detonate on hitting light obstacles such as fences or bushes
  • Somewhat large silhouette for a light tank
  • Minimal gun depression
  • Has no stabiliser, accurate shots on the move or in water are often not possible
  • Only three crew members, two of whom sit extremely close together
  • Vulnerable to heavy machine gun and light cannon fire, particularly from the sides or top
  • Very vulnerable to aircraft and helicopters
  • Bombs and artillery can deal significant damage, even when at a distance
  • Infrared Spotlight mounted to hull, won't rotate with turret when NVD is on

History

Development

In the 1950’s, Soviet armored personnel carrier (APC) tactics consisted of lightly armored vehicles that would transport soldiers to combat zones, and then head back behind the lines to safety. During this time, the West German Bundeswehr was using the Schützenpanzer Lang and infantry fighting vehicle (IFV) tactics, where the vehicles would work with the infantry and tanks in order to support them, especially against lightly armored targets. The BMP was a Soviet IFV design created in the late 1950’s. Some of the requirements were the ability for all of the infantry carried to be able to fire from within the vehicle, which was unseen before in IFV designs. It was intended to support the infantry and combat enemy light vehicles. The design placed emphasis on speed and maneuverability, potent armament, and sufficient armament to protect against 23 mm autocannons over the frontal arc. There was a debate over how the vehicle should be wheeled or tracked, and a number of options were explored including hybrid designs with both. The design that was chosen was a tracked vehicle with the engine in the front and the crew compartment in the rear; it was designated the Object 764. A prototype was created in 1964, and the final design was chosen in 1965 - an improved model called the Object 765. In service the production model was called the BMP-1.

Design

The BMP-1 features a fully tracked hull, with a sharply angled glacis at the front, a centrally mounted turret, and a crew compartment in the rear of the hull, with doors for the infantry to mount and dismount the vehicle. The hull layout is as follows: the engine was in the front right section of the hull. The driver sat to the front left of the vehicle, the commander sat right behind the driver, and the gunner sat in the right side of the turret. The troop compartment located at the rear of the vehicle could seat 8 infantry soldiers. The ability to fire from inside the vehicle was provided by four firing ports on each side of the hull and one in the left door. There are also four hatches in the roof. The infantry sit on two benches with padding, back to back, facing the outer sides of the vehicle. The armor of the frontal arc is enough to generally protect against 20 mm autocannon fire, the side armor generally protects against 12.7 mm machine gun fire, and the roof and rear armor protects against small arms fire and shell fragments. In addition, the sloped glacis on the front of the hull also increased the chances of shells bouncing, because of the extreme angles. The protection level depended somewhat on the version of the BMP-1 in question, as different nations had differing levels of armor quality. The main armament consisted of a 73 mm 2A28 Grom smoothbore semi-automatic cannon, along with a 9M14 Malyutka anti-tank guided missile (ATGM). Secondary armament consisted of a 7.62 mm PKT machine gun. The engine provides 300 hp, and is a six-cylinder four-stroke diesel engine. The suspension system used was a torsion bar suspension system. The BMP-1 is fully amphibious with little preparation. Before entering the water a trim vane has to be raised, which provides additional frontal armor when in the lowered position. It can achieve 65 kph (40 mph) on road and 8 kph (5 mph) in water.

Production and Service

Over 20,000 BMP-1's were produced in the Soviet Union alone, with many more produced in China and Czechoslovakia. The BMP-1 was widely exported and saw significant combat worldwide. BMP-1's participated in the Yom Kippur War, the Angolan Civil War, the Iran-Iraq War, the Gulf War, and many other conflicts. It was well liked for its maneuverability, but it was found that the cannon lacked effective range and the 9M14 ATGM's were hard to control. During the Gulf War it was found that the 25 mm Bushmaster cannon found on the M2/M3 Bradley could consistently penetrate the frontal armor of the BMP-1, even at range.

BMP-1P Upgrade

The BMP-1P was an upgrade to the ATGM systems of the BMP-1. It replaced the 9M14 Malyutka missiles with 9M113 Konkurs or 9M111 missile. This increased the weight of the vehicle, leading to a slight decrease in maneuverability.

Media

Read also

Bibliography

Sources

Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:

  • topic on the official game forum;
  • other literature.


USSR light tanks
T-26  T-26 · T-26 (1st Gv.T.Br.) · T-26-4 · T-26E
BT  BT-5 · RBT-5 · BT-7 · BT-7 TD · BT-7M · BT-7A (F-32)
T-50  T-126 · T-50
T-70  T-70 · T-80
PT-76  PT-76B · PT-76-57 · Object 906
BMP  BMP-1 · BMP-2 · BMP-2M · BMP-3
BMD  BMD-4
2S25  2S25 · 2S25M
Wheeled  BA-11 · BTR-80A
Other  T-60 · Object 685 · 2S38
China  ▂Type 62