Difference between revisions of "AIM-9B Sidewinder"
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== General info == | == General info == | ||
<!-- ''Tell us about the tactical and technical characteristics of the missile.'' --> | <!-- ''Tell us about the tactical and technical characteristics of the missile.'' --> | ||
| − | Like other early air-to-air missiles, the AIM-9B is limited in is destructive capabilities. Although it contains enough explosive filler to eliminate or cripple an enemy given a direct hit, those direct hits may be hard to come by. For one, this missile only has a 10G overload. Therefore, it is quite easy for an enemy to dodge it. All the enemy needs to do is to turn slightly, and the missile will likely miss. For greatest lethality, use this missile on slow targets that cannot | + | Like other early air-to-air missiles, the AIM-9B is limited in is destructive capabilities. Although it contains enough explosive filler to eliminate or cripple an enemy given a direct hit, those direct hits may be hard to come by. For one, this missile only has a 10G overload. Therefore, it is quite easy for an enemy to dodge it. All the enemy needs to do is to turn slightly, and the missile will likely miss. For greatest lethality, use this missile on slow targets that cannot manoeuvre well (though it should be noted that in this case, guns may be just as effective). |
Additionally, the AIM-9B takes quite a length of time to acquire a target. (The time required may be reduced if the enemy is using their afterburner.) So, even achieving a firing solution may prove difficult. | Additionally, the AIM-9B takes quite a length of time to acquire a target. (The time required may be reduced if the enemy is using their afterburner.) So, even achieving a firing solution may prove difficult. | ||
| Line 45: | Line 45: | ||
== Usage in battles == | == Usage in battles == | ||
<!-- ''Describe situations when you would utilise this missile in-game (vehicle, pillbox, base, etc)'' --> | <!-- ''Describe situations when you would utilise this missile in-game (vehicle, pillbox, base, etc)'' --> | ||
| − | This missile is best | + | This missile is best utilised when trailing an enemy. This will allow the pilot enough time to close the distance and acquire a target lock before firing the missile. The AIM-9B is especially effective against jet bombers, such as the [[Vautour IIA IDF/AF (France)]], which generally have poor manoeuvrability. |
When firing this missile, watch out for nearby friendly aircraft, and for the sun. The missile may lock onto either of these, causing at the best a miss, and at the worst an unintended team-kill. | When firing this missile, watch out for nearby friendly aircraft, and for the sun. The missile may lock onto either of these, causing at the best a miss, and at the worst an unintended team-kill. | ||
| − | The AIM-9B may be used to force the enemy to | + | The AIM-9B may be used to force the enemy to manoeuvre and bleed their speed, making it easier for the pilot to acquire a traditional firing solution and destroy the enemy with cannon fire. |
=== Pros and cons === | === Pros and cons === | ||
| Line 58: | Line 58: | ||
* Effective at destroying low energy targets | * Effective at destroying low energy targets | ||
* Decent effective range can travel far in a straight line to intercept | * Decent effective range can travel far in a straight line to intercept | ||
| − | * Very effective against aircraft with low | + | * Very effective against aircraft with low manoeuvrability |
* Effective against aircraft compressing at high speed | * Effective against aircraft compressing at high speed | ||
| Line 65: | Line 65: | ||
* Narrow firing circle compared to later missiles with uncaged seekers | * Narrow firing circle compared to later missiles with uncaged seekers | ||
* Poorest range out of all AIM-9 variants | * Poorest range out of all AIM-9 variants | ||
| − | * Often loses track when the target | + | * Often loses track when the target manoeuvres in more than one dimension or turns sharply. |
== History == | == History == | ||
<!--Examine the history of the creation and combat usage of the weapon in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the weapon and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Weapon-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>.--> | <!--Examine the history of the creation and combat usage of the weapon in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the weapon and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Weapon-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>.--> | ||
===Development=== | ===Development=== | ||
| − | The missile’s history starts at the Naval Ordnance Test Station (NOTS) at China Lake in 1947.<ref name="Goebel2019">Goebel 2019</ref> Under William B. McLean, the missile conception sprang from mating lead-sulfide proximity fuzes that were sensitive to infrared radiation with a guidance system to home onto the infrared source.<ref name="HollwayFOX2">Hollway "The AIM-9 Sidewinder: Fox Two!"</ref> Initially his own private project, McLean eventually received approval by Admiral William S. Parsons for development.<ref name="Goebel2019" />These missiles were first test fired in 1951, with the first air-to-air hit was made on 11 September 1953 on a drone.<ref name="ParschAIM9">Parsch 2008</ref> This experimental missile would be designated as the ''XAAM-N-7''. The missile would also earn the name "Sidewinder" by the development team, named after the desert rattlesnake that senses its prey’s heat and moves in a winding motion.<ref name="Goebel2019" /><ref name="HollwayFOX2" /> | + | The missile’s history starts at the Naval Ordnance Test Station (NOTS) at China Lake in 1947.<ref name="Goebel2019">Goebel 2019</ref> Under William B. McLean, the missile conception sprang from mating lead-sulfide proximity fuzes that were sensitive to infrared radiation with a guidance system to home onto the infrared source.<ref name="HollwayFOX2">Hollway "The AIM-9 Sidewinder: Fox Two!"</ref> Initially his own private project, McLean eventually received approval by Admiral William S. Parsons for development.<ref name="Goebel2019"/>These missiles were first test fired in 1951, with the first air-to-air hit was made on 11 September 1953 on a drone.<ref name="ParschAIM9">Parsch 2008</ref> This experimental missile would be designated as the ''XAAM-N-7''. The missile would also earn the name "Sidewinder" by the development team, named after the desert rattlesnake that senses its prey’s heat and moves in a winding motion.<ref name="Goebel2019"/><ref name="HollwayFOX2"/> |
| − | Initially a US Navy project, the US Air Force was urged into participating by Howard Wilcox, the next project lead after McLean was promoted to upper management at NOTS in 1954.<ref name="Goebel2019" /> This culminated in a shoot-off in June 1955 between the Navy’s Sidewinder against the Air Force’s GAR-2 Falcon missile. The Sidewinder’s performance in this event resulted in the US Air Force putting their support in the Sidewinder.<ref name="ParschAIM9" /> By May 1956, the missile was officially adopted as the ''AAM-N-7'' for the US Navy and the ''GAR-8'' for the US Air Force.<ref name="ParschAIM9" /><ref name="GervasiArsenal">Gervasi 1984, p.256</ref> These designation would remain until 27 June 1963, when the Sidewinder’s designations were | + | Initially a US Navy project, the US Air Force was urged into participating by Howard Wilcox, the next project lead after McLean was promoted to upper management at NOTS in 1954.<ref name="Goebel2019"/> This culminated in a shoot-off in June 1955 between the Navy’s Sidewinder against the Air Force’s GAR-2 Falcon missile. The Sidewinder’s performance in this event resulted in the US Air Force putting their support in the Sidewinder.<ref name="ParschAIM9"/> By May 1956, the missile was officially adopted as the ''AAM-N-7'' for the US Navy and the ''GAR-8'' for the US Air Force.<ref name="ParschAIM9"/><ref name="GervasiArsenal">Gervasi 1984, p.256</ref> These designation would remain until 27 June 1963, when the Sidewinder’s designations were standardised across all armed services as the '''AIM-9'''.<ref name="ParschDesignation">Parsch 2020</ref> |
===AIM-9B=== | ===AIM-9B=== | ||
| − | The '''AIM-9B''' (pre-1963 Navy designation ''AAM-N-7 Sidewinder IA'') was the initial production version of the Sidewinder.<ref name="ParschAIM9" /> More than 80,000 units of the AIM-9B Sidewinder would be produced.<ref name="GervasiArsenal" /> | + | The '''AIM-9B''' (pre-1963 Navy designation ''AAM-N-7 Sidewinder IA'') was the initial production version of the Sidewinder.<ref name="ParschAIM9"/> More than 80,000 units of the AIM-9B Sidewinder would be produced.<ref name="GervasiArsenal"/> |
| − | The AIM-9B would see combat first over the Taiwan Strait in 1958, where Chinese MiGs and Taiwanese F-86 Sabres faced off in air battles. The first AIM-9B were sent in September to assist the ROC air force, which were equipped onto their Sabres.<ref name="HollwayFOX2" /> The first air-to-air kill with a Sidewinder was recorded on 24 September 1958, in which a Sabre shot down a MiG-15 with an AIM-9B. During these battles, an AIM-9B Sidewinder successfully hit a Chinese MiG, but failed to explode, leaving it lodged in the fuselage. The MiG flew back to China with its baggage of an intact example of a heat-seeking missile. The AIM-9B was looked at by Soviet engineers, who reversed engineered the design into the [[R-3S|R-3]], or K-13, missile (NATO reporting name: AA-2 Atoll).<ref name="Goebel2019" /><ref name="LaiDragon">Lai 2016</ref> | + | The AIM-9B would see combat first over the Taiwan Strait in 1958, where Chinese MiGs and Taiwanese F-86 Sabres faced off in air battles. The first AIM-9B were sent in September to assist the ROC air force, which were equipped onto their Sabres.<ref name="HollwayFOX2"/> The first air-to-air kill with a Sidewinder was recorded on 24 September 1958, in which a Sabre shot down a MiG-15 with an AIM-9B. During these battles, an AIM-9B Sidewinder successfully hit a Chinese MiG, but failed to explode, leaving it lodged in the fuselage. The MiG flew back to China with its baggage of an intact example of a heat-seeking missile. The AIM-9B was looked at by Soviet engineers, who reversed engineered the design into the [[R-3S|R-3]], or K-13, missile (NATO reporting name: AA-2 Atoll).<ref name="Goebel2019"/><ref name="LaiDragon">Lai 2016</ref> |
| − | The AIM-9B would also see widespread service in Vietnam. It has accounted for around 28 MiG kills with 175 launches between 1965 to 1968.<ref name="KoppAUSAIM9">Kopp 2014</ref> However, the missile’s limitations became more apparent overtime. The range was short, the maneuverability leaves a lot to be desired, the reliability is poor, and the missile’s IR lock can be easily interfered by sun, cloud, and even the ground.<ref name="HollwayFOX2" /><ref name="KoppAUSAIM9" /> These problems led to continued development of the Sidewinder. The US Navy’s efforts became the [[AIM-9D Sidewinder|AIM-9D]] variant, while the US Air Force developed the [[AIM-9E Sidewinder|AIM-9E]].<ref name="Goebel2019" /><ref name="ParschAIM9" /><ref name="KoppAUSAIM9" /> | + | The AIM-9B would also see widespread service in Vietnam. It has accounted for around 28 MiG kills with 175 launches between 1965 to 1968.<ref name="KoppAUSAIM9">Kopp 2014</ref> However, the missile’s limitations became more apparent overtime. The range was short, the maneuverability leaves a lot to be desired, the reliability is poor, and the missile’s IR lock can be easily interfered by sun, cloud, and even the ground.<ref name="HollwayFOX2"/><ref name="KoppAUSAIM9"/> These problems led to continued development of the Sidewinder. The US Navy’s efforts became the [[AIM-9D Sidewinder|AIM-9D]] variant, while the US Air Force developed the [[AIM-9E Sidewinder|AIM-9E]].<ref name="Goebel2019"/><ref name="ParschAIM9"/><ref name="KoppAUSAIM9"/> |
== Media == | == Media == | ||
| Line 97: | Line 97: | ||
* ''encyclopedia page on the weapon;'' | * ''encyclopedia page on the weapon;'' | ||
* ''other literature.''--> | * ''other literature.''--> | ||
| − | |||
;References: | ;References: | ||
<references /> | <references /> | ||
;Bibliography: | ;Bibliography: | ||
| − | |||
* Gervasi, Tom. ''America's War Machine: the Pursuit of Global Dominance: Arsenal of Democracy III''. Grove Press, Inc., 1984. | * Gervasi, Tom. ''America's War Machine: the Pursuit of Global Dominance: Arsenal of Democracy III''. Grove Press, Inc., 1984. | ||
* Goebel, Greg. "The Falcon & Sidewinder Air-To-Air Missiles." ''Air Vectors'', 01 Apr. 2019, [http://www.airvectors.net/avsdaam.html#m5 Website]. | * Goebel, Greg. "The Falcon & Sidewinder Air-To-Air Missiles." ''Air Vectors'', 01 Apr. 2019, [http://www.airvectors.net/avsdaam.html#m5 Website]. | ||
Revision as of 21:33, 11 January 2021
Contents
Description
The AIM-9B is an American infrared homing air-to-air missile, it was introduced in Update 1.85 "Supersonic". The AIM-9B is the earliest and least capable member of the Sidewinder family of missiles found in the game. It was the basis for the later Sidewinder missiles, as well as many other missiles found in the game. The Rb24 is an AIM-9B built under license in Sweden, while the R-3S, R-13M and PL-2 are all decedents of the Vympel R-3 missile, which was a Soviet reverse-engineered version of the AIM-9B. The AIM-9B also served as the basis for the design of the Israeli Shafrir missile, although there are notable differences between the two.
Vehicles equipped with this weapon
| Vehicles equipped with this weapon | |
|---|---|
| Jet fighters | |
| USA | F3H-2 · F-4C Phantom II · F9F-8 · F11F-1 · F-100D · F-104A · F-104C · FJ-4B · FJ-4B VMF-232 |
| Germany | ◄CL-13B Mk.6 · ◄F-86K · ◄F-104G · ◄G.91 R/4 · ◄Sea Hawk Mk.100 |
| Britain | Scimitar F Mk.1 |
| Japan | F-86F-40 ▅ · F-86F-40 JASDF▅ · F-104J · T-2 |
| China | ␗F-86F-40 · ␗F-100A · ␗F-104A · ␗F-104G |
| Italy | F-104S · G.91 R/4 · G.91 YS |
| France | Etendard IVM · ▄F-86K · ▄F-86K · ▄F-100D · Mirage IIIC · Super Mystere B2 |
| Jet attackers | A-4B |
General info
Like other early air-to-air missiles, the AIM-9B is limited in is destructive capabilities. Although it contains enough explosive filler to eliminate or cripple an enemy given a direct hit, those direct hits may be hard to come by. For one, this missile only has a 10G overload. Therefore, it is quite easy for an enemy to dodge it. All the enemy needs to do is to turn slightly, and the missile will likely miss. For greatest lethality, use this missile on slow targets that cannot manoeuvre well (though it should be noted that in this case, guns may be just as effective).
Additionally, the AIM-9B takes quite a length of time to acquire a target. (The time required may be reduced if the enemy is using their afterburner.) So, even achieving a firing solution may prove difficult.
Still, as one of the first air-to-air missiles in the game, the missile is quite effective for dealing with enemies in the right circumstances. Careful positioning and trigger discipline are required. In lower-tier jet combat, the AIM-9B is the gold standard for long to medium range air-to-air combat.
Effective damage
Describe the type of damage produced by this type of missile (high explosive, splash damage, etc)
Comparison with analogues
Give a comparative description of missiles that have firepower equal to this weapon.
Usage in battles
This missile is best utilised when trailing an enemy. This will allow the pilot enough time to close the distance and acquire a target lock before firing the missile. The AIM-9B is especially effective against jet bombers, such as the Vautour IIA IDF/AF (France), which generally have poor manoeuvrability.
When firing this missile, watch out for nearby friendly aircraft, and for the sun. The missile may lock onto either of these, causing at the best a miss, and at the worst an unintended team-kill.
The AIM-9B may be used to force the enemy to manoeuvre and bleed their speed, making it easier for the pilot to acquire a traditional firing solution and destroy the enemy with cannon fire.
Pros and cons
Pros:
- Effective at destroying low energy targets
- Decent effective range can travel far in a straight line to intercept
- Very effective against aircraft with low manoeuvrability
- Effective against aircraft compressing at high speed
Cons:
- Narrow firing circle compared to later missiles with uncaged seekers
- Poorest range out of all AIM-9 variants
- Often loses track when the target manoeuvres in more than one dimension or turns sharply.
History
Development
The missile’s history starts at the Naval Ordnance Test Station (NOTS) at China Lake in 1947.[1] Under William B. McLean, the missile conception sprang from mating lead-sulfide proximity fuzes that were sensitive to infrared radiation with a guidance system to home onto the infrared source.[2] Initially his own private project, McLean eventually received approval by Admiral William S. Parsons for development.[1]These missiles were first test fired in 1951, with the first air-to-air hit was made on 11 September 1953 on a drone.[3] This experimental missile would be designated as the XAAM-N-7. The missile would also earn the name "Sidewinder" by the development team, named after the desert rattlesnake that senses its prey’s heat and moves in a winding motion.[1][2]
Initially a US Navy project, the US Air Force was urged into participating by Howard Wilcox, the next project lead after McLean was promoted to upper management at NOTS in 1954.[1] This culminated in a shoot-off in June 1955 between the Navy’s Sidewinder against the Air Force’s GAR-2 Falcon missile. The Sidewinder’s performance in this event resulted in the US Air Force putting their support in the Sidewinder.[3] By May 1956, the missile was officially adopted as the AAM-N-7 for the US Navy and the GAR-8 for the US Air Force.[3][4] These designation would remain until 27 June 1963, when the Sidewinder’s designations were standardised across all armed services as the AIM-9.[5]
AIM-9B
The AIM-9B (pre-1963 Navy designation AAM-N-7 Sidewinder IA) was the initial production version of the Sidewinder.[3] More than 80,000 units of the AIM-9B Sidewinder would be produced.[4]
The AIM-9B would see combat first over the Taiwan Strait in 1958, where Chinese MiGs and Taiwanese F-86 Sabres faced off in air battles. The first AIM-9B were sent in September to assist the ROC air force, which were equipped onto their Sabres.[2] The first air-to-air kill with a Sidewinder was recorded on 24 September 1958, in which a Sabre shot down a MiG-15 with an AIM-9B. During these battles, an AIM-9B Sidewinder successfully hit a Chinese MiG, but failed to explode, leaving it lodged in the fuselage. The MiG flew back to China with its baggage of an intact example of a heat-seeking missile. The AIM-9B was looked at by Soviet engineers, who reversed engineered the design into the R-3, or K-13, missile (NATO reporting name: AA-2 Atoll).[1][6]
The AIM-9B would also see widespread service in Vietnam. It has accounted for around 28 MiG kills with 175 launches between 1965 to 1968.[7] However, the missile’s limitations became more apparent overtime. The range was short, the maneuverability leaves a lot to be desired, the reliability is poor, and the missile’s IR lock can be easily interfered by sun, cloud, and even the ground.[2][7] These problems led to continued development of the Sidewinder. The US Navy’s efforts became the AIM-9D variant, while the US Air Force developed the AIM-9E.[1][3][7]
Media
See also
Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:
- reference to the article about the variant of the weapon;
- references to approximate analogues by other nations and research trees.
External links
- References
- Bibliography
- Gervasi, Tom. America's War Machine: the Pursuit of Global Dominance: Arsenal of Democracy III. Grove Press, Inc., 1984.
- Goebel, Greg. "The Falcon & Sidewinder Air-To-Air Missiles." Air Vectors, 01 Apr. 2019, Website.
- Hollway, Don. "The AIM-9 Sidewinder: Fox Two!" HistoryNet, Website.
- Kopp, Carlo. "The Sidewinder Story: The Evolution of the AIM-9 Missile." Air Power Australia, 27 Jan 2014, Website.
- Lai, Benjamin. The Dragon's Teeth: The Chinese People's Liberation Army - Its History, Traditions, and Air Sea and Land Capability in the 21st Century. Casemate Publishers, 14 July 2016.
- Parsch, Andreas. "AIM-9." Directory of U.S. Military Rockets and Missiles, Designation-Systems.Net, 09 July 2008, Website.
- Parsch, Andreas. "Current Designations of U.S. Unmanned Military Aerospace Vehicles." U.S. Military Aviation Designation Systems, Designation-Systems.Net, 30 March 2020, Website.
