Difference between revisions of "18 inch Mark XII (450 mm)"

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{{DISPLAYTITLE:18-inch Mark XII Torpedo}}
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{{DISPLAYTITLE:18-inch Mark XII torpedo}}
<div class="ttx">
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[[File:Torpedo Mark XII.jpg|thumbnail|right|x250px|]]
<div class="ttx-title">18-inch Mk.XII</div>
 
<div class="ttx-image">[[File:Torpedo Mark XII.jpg]]</div>
 
<div class="ttx-table">
 
  <div class="ttx-table-line ttx-table-head">Information</div>
 
  <div class="ttx-table-line"><span class="ttx-value">Aerial / Ship-launched Torpedo</span><span class="ttx-name">Type</span></div>
 
  <div class="ttx-table-line"><span class="ttx-value">Britain [[File:Britain_flag.png]]</span><span class="ttx-name">County of Origin</span></div>
 
  <div class="ttx-table-line ttx-table-head">General Characteristics</div>
 
  <div class="ttx-table-line"><span class="ttx-value">45 cm</span><span class="ttx-name">Diameter</span></div>
 
  <div class="ttx-table-line"><span class="ttx-value">4.95 m</span><span class="ttx-name">Length</span></div>
 
  <div class="ttx-table-line"><span class="ttx-value">702 kg</span><span class="ttx-name">Mass</span></div>
 
  <div class="ttx-table-line"><span class="ttx-value">TNT</span><span class="ttx-name">Explosive Type</span></div>
 
  <div class="ttx-table-line"><span class="ttx-value">176 kg</span><span class="ttx-name">Explosive Mass</span></div>
 
  <div class="ttx-table-line"><span class="ttx-value">69 kph</span><span class="ttx-name">Max Speed</span></div>
 
  <div class="ttx-table-line"><span class="ttx-value">3.2 km</span><span class="ttx-name">Max Range</span></div>
 
  <div class="ttx-table-line"><span class="ttx-value">50 m</span><span class="ttx-name">Arming Distance</span></div>
 
  <div class="ttx-table-line ttx-table-head">Arial Specific Characteristics</div>
 
  <div class="ttx-table-line"><span class="ttx-value">0 - 281 kph</span><span class="ttx-name">Drop Speed Range</span></div>
 
  <div class="ttx-table-line"><span class="ttx-value">0 - 105 m</span><span class="ttx-name">Drop Altitude Range</span></div>
 
  <div class="ttx-table-line ttx-table-head">Naval Specific Characteristics</div>
 
  <div class="ttx-table-line"><span class="ttx-value">74 kph</span><span class="ttx-name">Max Speed (mode change)</span></div>
 
  <div class="ttx-table-line"><span class="ttx-value">1.37 km</span><span class="ttx-name">Max Range (mode change)</span></div>
 
</div>
 
</div>
 
  
 
== Description ==
 
== Description ==
<!--Write an introduction to the article in 2-3 small paragraphs. Briefly tell us about the history of the development and combat using the weaponry and also about its features. Compile a list of air, ground, or naval vehicles that feature this weapon system in the game.-->
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<!-- ''Write an introduction to the article in 2-3 small paragraphs. Briefly tell us about the history of the development and combat using the weaponry and also about its features. Compile a list of air, ground, or naval vehicles that feature this weapon system in the game.'' -->
 
 
 
The '''18-inch Mark XII''', or simply '''Mark XII''', is a British torpedo. Although designed for use as a aerial launch torpedo, it is used on some early Motor Torpedo Boats (MTBs), such as the [[MTB-1 1 series]].
 
The '''18-inch Mark XII''', or simply '''Mark XII''', is a British torpedo. Although designed for use as a aerial launch torpedo, it is used on some early Motor Torpedo Boats (MTBs), such as the [[MTB-1 1 series]].
  
 
=== Vehicles equipped with this weapon ===
 
=== Vehicles equipped with this weapon ===
<!--List out vehicles that are equipped with the weapon.-->
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<!-- ''List out vehicles that are equipped with the weapon.'' -->
{{Navigation-Start|Vehicles equipped with this weapon|width=70%}}
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 +
{{Navigation-Start|Vehicles equipped with this weapon}}
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{{Navigation-First-Line|'''Twin-engine fighters'''}}{{Specs-Link|beaufighter_mk6c}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|beaufighter_mkx}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|beaufighter_mk21}}
 
{{Navigation-First-Line|'''Twin-engine fighters'''}}{{Specs-Link|beaufighter_mk6c}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|beaufighter_mkx}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|beaufighter_mk21}}
{{Navigation-First-Line|'''Bombers'''}}{{Specs-Link|beaufort_mkviii}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|hp52_hampden_tbmk1}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|hp52_hampden_tbmk1_ussr_utk1}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|swordfish_mk1}}
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{{Navigation-Line|}}{{Specs-Link|wellington_mk1c}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|wellington_mk1c_late}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|wellington_mk3}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|wellington_mk10}}
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{{Navigation-Line|'''Bombers'''}}{{Specs-Link|beaufort_mkviii}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|hp52_hampden_tbmk1}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|hp52_hampden_tbmk1_ussr_utk1}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|swordfish_mk1}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|swordfish_mk2}}
{{Navigation-First-Line|'''Ships'''}}{{Specs-Link|uk_mtb_1series}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|uk_mtb_2series}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|uk_mtb_vosper_1series|short}}
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{{Navigation-Line| }}{{Specs-Link|wellington_mk1c}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|wellington_mk1c_late}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|wellington_mk3}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|wellington_mk10}}
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{{Navigation-Line|'''Motor torpedo boats'''}}{{Specs-Link|uk_mtb_1series}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|uk_mtb_2series}}
 +
 
 
{{Navigation-End}}
 
{{Navigation-End}}
  
 
== General info ==
 
== General info ==
<!--Tell us about the tactical and technical characteristics of the bomb.-->
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<!-- ''Tell us about the tactical and technical characteristics of the torpedo.'' -->
The Mark XII is a relatively early torpedo. Deigned for aerial use, it has a lower weight and explosive mass than some other torpedoes, however it is relatively fast in the water.
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The Mark XII is a relatively early torpedo. Designed for aerial use, it has a lower weight and explosive mass than some other torpedoes, however it is relatively fast in the water.
  
The naval version of the torpedo has an optional "Torpedo Mode" modification which reduces the range from 3.2 km to 1.37 km, but bumps up the speed by 5 kph, bringing it to 74 kph.
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{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
 +
! colspan="9" | Torpedo Characteristics
 +
|-
 +
! Torpedo Mode !! Mass (kg) !! Maximum speed in water (km/h) !! Travel distance (km) !! Depth stroke (m) !! Arming distance (m) !! Explosive type !! Explosive mass (kg) !! TNT equivalent (kg)
 +
|-
 +
| {{Annotation|No|'Torpedo Mode' modification uninstalled}} || 702 || 50 || 3.20 || 1 || 50 || TNT || 176 || 176
 +
|-
 +
| {{Annotation|Yes|'Torpedo Mode' modification installed}} || 702 || 74 || 1.37  || 1 || 50 || TNT || 176 || 176
 +
|}
 +
 
 +
The naval version of the torpedo has an optional "Torpedo Mode" modification which decreases the range from 3.2 km to 1.37 km, but increases the speed by 7 m/s, bringing it to 74 km/h.  
 +
 
 +
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
 +
! colspan="2" | Torpedo mode specification changes
 +
|-
 +
! Max distance (m)
 +
! Max speed (m/s)
 +
|-
 +
| -1829|| +7
 +
|-
 +
|}
  
 
=== Effective damage ===
 
=== Effective damage ===
<!--Describe the type of damage produced by this type of bomb (high explosive, splash damage, etc)-->
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<!-- ''Describe the type of damage produced by this type of torpedo (high explosive, splash damage, etc)'' -->
 
Like other torpedoes, when launched from a ship, the Mark XII can destroy just about anything smaller than a destroyer with a single hit (or even a near miss). It is possible for some destroyers to survive a hit from a ship launched Mark XII torpedo, and cruisers can almost always take multiple hits from a Mark XII without being destroyed (the torpedo will still start major fires and hull breaches, but won't instantly hull-break the ship).
 
Like other torpedoes, when launched from a ship, the Mark XII can destroy just about anything smaller than a destroyer with a single hit (or even a near miss). It is possible for some destroyers to survive a hit from a ship launched Mark XII torpedo, and cruisers can almost always take multiple hits from a Mark XII without being destroyed (the torpedo will still start major fires and hull breaches, but won't instantly hull-break the ship).
  
 
Air launched Mark XIIs seem to be more powerful and can often destroy cruisers (of the player controlled variety) in a single hit.
 
Air launched Mark XIIs seem to be more powerful and can often destroy cruisers (of the player controlled variety) in a single hit.
<!--TODO: Add description of destructive power against Air RB ground targets-->
 
  
 
=== Comparison with analogues ===
 
=== Comparison with analogues ===
<!--Give a comparative description of bombs that have firepower equal to these type of weapons.-->
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<!-- ''Give a comparative description of torpedoes that have firepower equal to this weapon.'' -->
 
The closest comparison to the Mark XII (with regards to naval battles) is the German [[LT 1A/1]] (also a 45 cm torpedo found at reserve rank). By comparison, the Mark XII is much faster, however the German torpedo has a larger warhead. The Japanese [[Type 2]] (a 45 cm torpedo found on the Japanese reserve ship) is an all round better torpedo, being both faster and having a larger warhead.
 
The closest comparison to the Mark XII (with regards to naval battles) is the German [[LT 1A/1]] (also a 45 cm torpedo found at reserve rank). By comparison, the Mark XII is much faster, however the German torpedo has a larger warhead. The Japanese [[Type 2]] (a 45 cm torpedo found on the Japanese reserve ship) is an all round better torpedo, being both faster and having a larger warhead.
  
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== Usage in battles ==
 
== Usage in battles ==
<!--Describe situations when you would utilize this bomb in game (vehicle, pillbox, base, etc)-->
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<!-- ''Describe situations when you would utilise this torpedo in-game (vehicle, pillbox, base, etc)'' -->
 
The Mark VII is relatively fast compared to other low rank torpedoes in naval battles and has a compatible range, allowing you to hit further away targets easier.
 
The Mark VII is relatively fast compared to other low rank torpedoes in naval battles and has a compatible range, allowing you to hit further away targets easier.
  
When dropped from aircraft the characteristics of the Mark XII are not ideal. You are required to drop below 105 m and decrease your speed to below 281 kph.
+
When dropped from aircraft the characteristics of the Mark XII are not ideal. You are required to drop below 105 m and decrease your speed to below 281 km/h. Contemporary counterparts, such as the US' [[Mk.13-1 Case (1,927 lb)|Mk.13-1 Case]] or the USSR [[45-36AN (450 mm)]] have better airdrop characteristics; however, when it comes to aerial torpedoes, its successor, the [[18 inch Mark XV (450 mm)]] solves this by incrementing its drop speed maximum to 443 km/h, but its altitude maximum is only incremented to 122 m.  
  
 
=== Pros and cons ===
 
=== Pros and cons ===
<!--Summarize and briefly evaluate the weaponry in terms of its characteristics and combat effectiveness. Mark pros and cons as a list.-->
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<!-- ''Summarise and briefly evaluate the weaponry in terms of its characteristics and combat effectiveness. Mark pros and cons as a list.'' -->
 +
 
 
'''Pros:'''
 
'''Pros:'''
* Good speed
+
 
* OK range
+
* Good speed, enhanced when Torpedo Mode is used.
 +
* Average range, allowing for having a bit of distance towards a target.
  
 
'''Cons:'''
 
'''Cons:'''
* Poor airdrop characteristics
+
 
* Below average explosive mass  
+
* Poor airdrop characteristics, meaning the aircraft needs a slower (under 281 km/h) and lower (under 105m) approach towards its target if there is a need to aim, being vulnerable to defensive fire.
 +
* Slowest in comparison to other air-dropped torpedoes.
 +
* Below average explosive mass, may not always guarantee full destruction of a bigger player vessel.
  
 
== History ==
 
== History ==
<!--Examine the history of the creation and combat usage of this weapon. If the historical reference turns out to be too big, take it to a separate article, taking a link to an article about the vehicle and adding a block "/ History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(weapon-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article.-->
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<!-- ''Examine the history of the creation and combat usage of the weapon in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the weapon and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Weapon-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>.'' -->
  
The Mark XII was designed in 1935 (and entered service in 1937) as an aerial torpedo for use by the Fleet Air Arm and RAF Coastal Command. It was a development of the 18-inch Mark XI, which had a larger 211 kg warhead (compared to 176 kg on the Mark XII), but a shorter 2,300 m range and lower speed of 35 knots (65 kph). The Mark XII reduced the warhead size, but increased the speed and range to 69 kph at 3,000 m range or 74 kph at 1,400 m range.
+
The Mark XII was designed in 1935 (and entered service in 1937) as an aerial torpedo for use by the Fleet Air Arm and RAF Coastal Command. It was a development of the 18-inch Mark XI, which had a larger 211 kg warhead (compared to 176 kg on the Mark XII), but a shorter 2,300 m range and lower speed of 35 knots (65 km/h). The Mark XII reduced the warhead size, but increased the speed and range to 69 km/h at 3,000 m range or 74 km/h at 1,400 m range.
  
 
The torpedo was 4.95 m long, 450 cm wide and weighed 702 kg. It was powered by a 140 hp burner-cycle engine.
 
The torpedo was 4.95 m long, 450 cm wide and weighed 702 kg. It was powered by a 140 hp burner-cycle engine.
  
 
== Media ==
 
== Media ==
''An excellent addition to the article would be a video guide, as well as screenshots from the game and photos.''
+
''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.''
  
 
== See also ==
 
== See also ==
 
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''
 
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''
 +
 
* ''reference to the article about the variant of the weapon;''
 
* ''reference to the article about the variant of the weapon;''
 
* ''references to approximate analogues by other nations and research trees.''
 
* ''references to approximate analogues by other nations and research trees.''
  
 
== External links ==
 
== External links ==
<!--Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:
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<!-- ''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''
 
* ''topic on the official game forum;''
 
* ''topic on the official game forum;''
* ''encyclopedia page on the weapon;''
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* ''other literature.'' -->
* ''other literature.''-->
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* [[Wikipedia:British_18-inch_torpedo|[Wikipedia<nowiki>]</nowiki> British 18-inch torpedo]]
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* [[Wikipedia:British_18-inch_torpedo|[Wikipedia] British 18-inch torpedo]]
  
 
{{Torpedoes}}
 
{{Torpedoes}}
  
 
[[Category:Suspended armaments]]
 
[[Category:Suspended armaments]]
 +
[[Category:Naval special armaments]]

Latest revision as of 10:46, 16 February 2023

Torpedo Mark XII.jpg

Description

The 18-inch Mark XII, or simply Mark XII, is a British torpedo. Although designed for use as a aerial launch torpedo, it is used on some early Motor Torpedo Boats (MTBs), such as the MTB-1 1 series.

Vehicles equipped with this weapon

Vehicles equipped with this weapon
Twin-engine fighters  Beaufighter Mk VIc · Beaufighter Mk X · Beaufighter Mk 21
Bombers  Beaufort Mk VIII · Hampden TB Mk I · ▂Hampden TB Mk I · Swordfish Mk I · Swordfish Mk II
  Wellington Mk Ic · Wellington Mk Ic/L · Wellington Mk III · Wellington Mk X
Motor torpedo boats  MTB-1(1) · MTB-1(2)

General info

The Mark XII is a relatively early torpedo. Designed for aerial use, it has a lower weight and explosive mass than some other torpedoes, however it is relatively fast in the water.

Torpedo Characteristics
Torpedo Mode Mass (kg) Maximum speed in water (km/h) Travel distance (km) Depth stroke (m) Arming distance (m) Explosive type Explosive mass (kg) TNT equivalent (kg)
No 702 50 3.20 1 50 TNT 176 176
Yes 702 74 1.37 1 50 TNT 176 176

The naval version of the torpedo has an optional "Torpedo Mode" modification which decreases the range from 3.2 km to 1.37 km, but increases the speed by 7 m/s, bringing it to 74 km/h.

Torpedo mode specification changes
Max distance (m) Max speed (m/s)
-1829 +7

Effective damage

Like other torpedoes, when launched from a ship, the Mark XII can destroy just about anything smaller than a destroyer with a single hit (or even a near miss). It is possible for some destroyers to survive a hit from a ship launched Mark XII torpedo, and cruisers can almost always take multiple hits from a Mark XII without being destroyed (the torpedo will still start major fires and hull breaches, but won't instantly hull-break the ship).

Air launched Mark XIIs seem to be more powerful and can often destroy cruisers (of the player controlled variety) in a single hit.

Comparison with analogues

The closest comparison to the Mark XII (with regards to naval battles) is the German LT 1A/1 (also a 45 cm torpedo found at reserve rank). By comparison, the Mark XII is much faster, however the German torpedo has a larger warhead. The Japanese Type 2 (a 45 cm torpedo found on the Japanese reserve ship) is an all round better torpedo, being both faster and having a larger warhead.

Compared to the larger American Mk.8-3 C/D 53 cm torpedo (found at reserve rank), and German G7a the Mark XII has much better speed but a smaller warhead.

Usage in battles

The Mark VII is relatively fast compared to other low rank torpedoes in naval battles and has a compatible range, allowing you to hit further away targets easier.

When dropped from aircraft the characteristics of the Mark XII are not ideal. You are required to drop below 105 m and decrease your speed to below 281 km/h. Contemporary counterparts, such as the US' Mk.13-1 Case or the USSR 45-36AN (450 mm) have better airdrop characteristics; however, when it comes to aerial torpedoes, its successor, the 18 inch Mark XV (450 mm) solves this by incrementing its drop speed maximum to 443 km/h, but its altitude maximum is only incremented to 122 m.

Pros and cons

Pros:

  • Good speed, enhanced when Torpedo Mode is used.
  • Average range, allowing for having a bit of distance towards a target.

Cons:

  • Poor airdrop characteristics, meaning the aircraft needs a slower (under 281 km/h) and lower (under 105m) approach towards its target if there is a need to aim, being vulnerable to defensive fire.
  • Slowest in comparison to other air-dropped torpedoes.
  • Below average explosive mass, may not always guarantee full destruction of a bigger player vessel.

History

The Mark XII was designed in 1935 (and entered service in 1937) as an aerial torpedo for use by the Fleet Air Arm and RAF Coastal Command. It was a development of the 18-inch Mark XI, which had a larger 211 kg warhead (compared to 176 kg on the Mark XII), but a shorter 2,300 m range and lower speed of 35 knots (65 km/h). The Mark XII reduced the warhead size, but increased the speed and range to 69 km/h at 3,000 m range or 74 km/h at 1,400 m range.

The torpedo was 4.95 m long, 450 cm wide and weighed 702 kg. It was powered by a 140 hp burner-cycle engine.

Media

Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.

See also

Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:

  • reference to the article about the variant of the weapon;
  • references to approximate analogues by other nations and research trees.

External links


Torpedoes
USA 
450 mm  Mk.7
533 mm  Bliss-Leavitt Mk.1 · Mark 35 · Mk.8 · Mk.8-3 C/D · Mk.15 · Mk.16
569 mm  Mk.13 · Mk.13-6 · Mk.13-6 Case
Germany 
324 mm  Mark 44
450 mm  C/06D · LT 1A/1 · F5W · F5b
500 mm  G6c
533 mm  G7a · Seal DM2A1
600 mm  H/8
USSR 
400 mm  SET-40
450 mm  Pattern 1910 · Pattern 1912 · 45-36NU · 45-36AN · 45-36MAN
533 mm  53-38 · 53-39 · 53-56 · 53-57 · 53-65 · SET-53M · SET-65
Britain 
450 mm  R.G.F. Mark VI** · Mark XII · Mark XV
533 mm  Mark I · Mk.IV · Mk.V · Mk.VIII · Mk.IX · Mk.IX** · 21 inch Mk.20 Bidder
Japan 
324 mm  Mark 46
450 mm  Type 2 · Type 38 No.2 B · Type 43 · Type 44 No.2 · Type 91 Model 2 · Type 91 Model 3
533 mm  Type 6 · Type 43 (1910) · Type 54 Model 3 · Type 72 Model 1 · Type 89
610 mm  Type 8 No.2 · Type 90 · Type 93 Model 1, Mod 2 · Type 93 Model 3
Italy 
450 mm  F200/450 · S.I.170/450X5,25 · W.200/450X5,75 · Whitehead A 110/450
533 mm  S.I.270 · S.I. 250/533,4X7,5 Tipo A · S.I. 270/533,4X7,2 Tipo I · S.I. 270/533X6.84 Tipo L · S.I. 270/533,4X7,2 Tipo M
France 
400 mm  1926DA
450 mm  1909R
550 mm  Model 1923DT
Sweden 
450 mm  m/38 · m/41
  † = Aerial torpedo
‡ = Aerial and ship-launched torpedo