https://wiki.warthunder.com/api.php?action=feedcontributions&user=U29417738&feedformat=atomWar Thunder Wiki - User contributions [en]2024-03-28T15:42:46ZUser contributionsMediaWiki 1.30.0https://wiki.warthunder.com/index.php?title=ELC_bis&diff=125279ELC bis2022-03-26T16:31:15Z<p>U29417738: /* Pros and cons */</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Specs-Card<br />
|code=fr_amx_elc_bis<br />
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
== Description ==<br />
<!-- ''In the description, the first part should be about the history of the creation and combat usage of the vehicle, as well as its key features. In the second part, tell the reader about the ground vehicle in the game. Insert a screenshot of the vehicle, so that if the novice player does not remember the vehicle by name, he will immediately understand what kind of vehicle the article is talking about.'' --><br />
The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} French tank destroyer {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update "Wind of Change"]].<br />
<br />
== General info ==<br />
=== Survivability and armour ===<br />
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}<br />
<!-- ''Describe armour protection. Note the most well protected and key weak areas. Appreciate the layout of modules as well as the number and location of crew members. Is the level of armour protection sufficient, is the placement of modules helpful for survival in combat? If necessary use a visual template to indicate the most secure and weak zones of the armour.'' --><br />
''Describe armour protection. Note the most well protected and key weak areas. Appreciate the layout of modules as well as the number and location of crew members. Is the level of armour protection sufficient, is the placement of modules helpful for survival in combat? If necessary use a visual template to indicate the most secure and weak zones of the armour.''<br />
<br />
'''Armour type:''' <!-- The types of armour present on the vehicle and their general locations --><br />
<!-- Example: * Rolled homogeneous armour (Front, Side, Rear, Hull roof)<br />
* Cast homogeneous armour (Turret, Transmission area) --><br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|-<br />
! Armour !! Front (Slope angle) !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof<br />
|-<br />
| Hull || ___ mm || ___ mm ''Top'' <br> ___ mm ''Bottom'' || ___ mm || ___ - ___ mm<br />
|-<br />
| Turret || ___ - ___ mm ''Turret front'' <br> ___ mm ''Gun mantlet'' || ___ - ___ mm || ___ - ___ mm || ___ - ___ mm<br />
|-<br />
| Cupola || ___ mm || ___ mm || ___ mm || ___ mm<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
'''Notes:''' <!-- Any additional notes which the user needs to be aware of --><br />
<!-- Example: * Suspension wheels are 20 mm thick, tracks are 30 mm thick, and torsion bars are 60 mm thick. --><br />
<br />
=== Mobility ===<br />
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}<br />
<!-- ''Write about the mobility of the ground vehicle. Estimate the specific power and manoeuvrability, as well as the maximum speed forwards and backwards.'' --><br />
''Write about the mobility of the ground vehicle. Estimate the specific power and manoeuvrability, as well as the maximum speed forwards and backwards.''<br />
<br />
{{tankMobility}}<br />
<br />
=== Modifications and economy ===<br />
{{Specs-Economy}}<br />
<br />
== Armaments ==<br />
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}<br />
=== Main armament ===<br />
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}<br />
<!-- ''Give the reader information about the characteristics of the main gun. Assess its effectiveness in a battle based on the reloading speed, ballistics and the power of shells. Do not forget about the flexibility of the fire, that is how quickly the cannon can be aimed at the target, open fire on it and aim at another enemy. Add a link to the main article on the gun: <code><nowiki>{{main|Name of the weapon}}</nowiki></code>. Describe in general terms the ammunition available for the main gun. Give advice on how to use them and how to fill the ammunition storage.'' --><br />
{{main|D915 (90 mm)}}<br />
<br />
''Give the reader information about the characteristics of the main gun. Assess its effectiveness in a battle based on the reloading speed, ballistics and the power of shells. Do not forget about the flexibility of the fire, that is how quickly the cannon can be aimed at the target, open fire on it and aim at another enemy. Add a link to the main article on the gun: <code><nowiki>{{main|Name of the weapon}}</nowiki></code>. Describe in general terms the ammunition available for the main gun. Give advice on how to use them and how to fill the ammunition storage.''<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="5" | [[D915 (90 mm)|90 mm D915]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)<br />
|-<br />
! Mode !! Capacity !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer<br />
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced<br />
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced<br />
|-<br />
! ''Arcade''<br />
| rowspan="2" | 36 || rowspan="2" | -7°/+13° || rowspan="2" | ±20° || rowspan="2" | N/A || __._ || __._ || __._ || __._ || __._ || rowspan="2" | _.__ || rowspan="2" | _.__ || rowspan="2" | _.__ || rowspan="2" | _.__<br />
|-<br />
! ''Realistic''<br />
| __._ || __._ || __._ || __._ || __._<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==== Ammunition ====<br />
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"<br />
! colspan="8" | Penetration statistics<br />
|-<br />
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition<br />
! rowspan="2" | Type of<br>warhead<br />
! colspan="6" | Penetration @ 0° Angle of Attack (mm)<br />
|-<br />
! 10 m !! 100 m !! 500 m !! 1,000 m !! 1,500 m !! 2,000 m<br />
|-<br />
| OCC 60-62 || HEATFS || __ || __ || __ || __ || __ || __<br />
|-<br />
| OE 90 F1 || HE || __ || __ || __ || __ || __ || __<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"<br />
! colspan="10" | Shell details<br />
|-<br />
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition<br />
! rowspan="2" | Type of<br>warhead<br />
! rowspan="2" | Velocity<br>(m/s)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Projectile<br>Mass (kg)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Fuse delay<br>(m)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Fuse sensitivity<br>(mm)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Explosive Mass<br>(TNT equivalent) (g)<br />
! colspan="3" | Ricochet<br />
|-<br />
! 0% !! 50% !! 100%<br />
|-<br />
| OCC 60-62 || HEATFS || ___ || _.__ || __ || _._ || ___ || __° || __° || __°<br />
|-<br />
| OE 90 F1 || HE || ___ || _.__ || __ || _._ || ___ || __° || __° || __°<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"<br />
! colspan="7" | Smoke shell characteristics<br />
|-<br />
! Ammunition<br />
! Velocity<br>(m/s)<br />
! Projectile<br>Mass (kg)<br />
! Screen radius<br>(m)<br />
! Screen deploy time<br>(s)<br />
! Screen hold time<br>(s)<br />
! Explosive Mass<br>(TNT equivalent) (g)<br />
|-<br />
| OFUM PH90-F2 || ___ || ____ || __ || __ || __ || ___<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==== [[Ammo racks]] ====<br />
<!-- [[File:Ammoracks_{{PAGENAME}}.png|right|thumb|x250px|[[Ammo racks]] of the {{PAGENAME}}]] --><br />
<!-- '''Last updated:''' --><br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"<br />
|-<br />
! Full<br>ammo<br />
! 1st<br>rack empty<br />
! 2nd<br>rack empty<br />
! 3rd<br>rack empty<br />
! 4th<br>rack empty<br />
! 5th<br>rack empty<br />
! 6th<br>rack empty<br />
! Visual<br>discrepancy<br />
|-<br />
| '''36''' || __&nbsp;''(+__)'' || __&nbsp;''(+__)'' || __&nbsp;''(+__)'' || __&nbsp;''(+__)'' || __&nbsp;''(+__)'' || __&nbsp;''(+__)'' || __<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
=== Machine guns ===<br />
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|2}}<br />
<!-- ''Offensive and anti-aircraft machine guns not only allow you to fight some aircraft but also are effective against lightly armoured vehicles. Evaluate machine guns and give recommendations on its use.'' --><br />
{{main|MAC 31 (7.5 mm)}}<br />
<br />
''Offensive and anti-aircraft machine guns not only allow you to fight some aircraft but also are effective against lightly armoured vehicles. Evaluate machine guns and give recommendations on its use.''<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="5" | [[MAC 31 (7.5 mm)|7.5 mm MAC 31]]<br />
|-<br />
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal<br />
|-<br />
| || ___ (___) || ___ || __° || __°<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
== Usage in battles ==<br />
<!-- ''Describe the tactics of playing in the vehicle, the features of using vehicles in the team and advice on tactics. Refrain from creating a "guide" - do not impose a single point of view but instead give the reader food for thought. Describe the most dangerous enemies and give recommendations on fighting them. If necessary, note the specifics of the game in different modes (AB, RB, SB).'' --><br />
''Describe the tactics of playing in the vehicle, the features of using vehicles in the team and advice on tactics. Refrain from creating a "guide" - do not impose a single point of view but instead give the reader food for thought. Describe the most dangerous enemies and give recommendations on fighting them. If necessary, note the specifics of the game in different modes (AB, RB, SB).''<br />
<br />
=== Pros and cons ===<br />
<!-- ''Summarise and briefly evaluate the vehicle in terms of its characteristics and combat effectiveness. Mark its pros and cons in a bulleted list. Try not to use more than 6 points for each of the characteristics. Avoid using categorical definitions such as "bad", "good" and the like - use substitutions with softer forms such as "inadequate" and "effective".'' --><br />
''Summarise and briefly evaluate the vehicle in terms of its characteristics and combat effectiveness. Mark its pros and cons in a bulleted list. Try not to use more than 6 points for each of the characteristics. Avoid using categorical definitions such as "bad", "good" and the like - use substitutions with softer forms such as "inadequate" and "effective".''<br />
<br />
'''Pros:'''<br />
<br />
* Very mobile<br />
* Powerful gun<br />
* Incredibly small profile, can hide in places that are simply impossible for other vehicles <br />
* Top speed of 80 km/h<br />
* Deadly in an ambush position<br />
* Decent depression of -7 degrees<br />
<br />
*<br />
<br />
'''Cons:'''<br />
<br />
* Cannot fully traverse the turret 360 degrees<br />
* Only 2 crewmembers, both sitting in a small turret - hits on the turret are nearly always fatal <br />
* Low muzzle velocity on the HEAT-FS shells - not suited as a sniper<br />
* Low gun elevation<br />
* Rarely reaches its top speed in RB and SB<br />
* Reverse speed is underwhelming for a light tank<br />
* Weak top armour - 20mm cannons found on aircraft rip right through<br />
<br />
*<br />
<br />
== History ==<br />
<!-- ''Describe the history of the creation and combat usage of the vehicle in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the vehicle and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Vehicle-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>. This section may also include the vehicle's dev blog entry (if applicable) and the in-game encyclopedia description (under <code><nowiki>=== In-game description ===</nowiki></code>, also if applicable).'' --><br />
''Describe the history of the creation and combat usage of the vehicle in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the vehicle and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Vehicle-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>. This section may also include the vehicle's dev blog entry (if applicable) and the in-game encyclopedia description (under <code><nowiki>=== In-game description ===</nowiki></code>, also if applicable).''<br />
<br />
== Media ==<br />
<!-- ''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.'' --><br />
''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.''<br />
<br />
== See also ==<br />
<!-- ''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''<br />
* ''reference to the series of the vehicles;''<br />
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.'' --><br />
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''<br />
<br />
* ''reference to the series of the vehicles;''<br />
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''<br />
<br />
== External links ==<br />
<!-- ''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''<br />
* ''topic on the official game forum;''<br />
* ''other literature.'' --><br />
<br />
* [[wt:en/news/7615-development-amx-elc-bis-the-grass-crawler-en|[Devblog] AMX ELC bis: The Grass Crawler]]<br />
<br />
{{France tank destroyers}}</div>U29417738https://wiki.warthunder.com/index.php?title=Turan_II&diff=123433Turan II2022-02-19T10:27:40Z<p>U29417738: /* Pros and cons */</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Specs-Card<br />
|code=it_41m_turan_2<br />
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg|ArtImage_{{PAGENAME}}.png}}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
== Description ==<br />
<!-- ''In the description, the first part should be about the history of the creation and combat usage of the vehicle, as well as its key features. In the second part, tell the reader about the ground vehicle in the game. Insert a screenshot of the vehicle, so that if the novice player does not remember the vehicle by name, he will immediately understand what kind of vehicle the article is talking about.'' --><br />
The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a premium gift rank {{Specs|rank}} Italian medium tank {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced during [[Update "Winged Lions"]] as a reward for [[Battle Pass: Season VI, "Firepower"]].<br />
<br />
== General info ==<br />
=== Survivability and armour ===<br />
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}<br />
<!-- ''Describe armour protection. Note the most well protected and key weak areas. Appreciate the layout of modules as well as the number and location of crew members. Is the level of armour protection sufficient, is the placement of modules helpful for survival in combat? If necessary use a visual template to indicate the most secure and weak zones of the armour.'' --><br />
''Describe armour protection. Note the most well protected and key weak areas. Appreciate the layout of modules as well as the number and location of crew members. Is the level of armour protection sufficient, is the placement of modules helpful for survival in combat? If necessary use a visual template to indicate the most secure and weak zones of the armour.''<br />
<br />
'''Armour type:''' <!-- The types of armour present on the vehicle and their general locations --><br />
<!-- Example: * Rolled homogeneous armour (Front, Side, Rear, Hull roof)<br />
* Cast homogeneous armour (Turret, Transmission area) --><br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|-<br />
! Armour !! Front (Slope angle) !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof<br />
|-<br />
| Hull || ___ mm || ___ mm ''Top'' <br> ___ mm ''Bottom'' || ___ mm || ___ - ___ mm<br />
|-<br />
| Turret || ___ - ___ mm ''Turret front'' <br> ___ mm ''Gun mantlet'' || ___ - ___ mm || ___ - ___ mm || ___ - ___ mm<br />
|-<br />
| Cupola || ___ mm || ___ mm || ___ mm || ___ mm<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
'''Notes:''' <!-- Any additional notes which the user needs to be aware of --><br />
<!-- Example: * Suspension wheels are 20 mm thick, tracks are 30 mm thick, and torsion bars are 60 mm thick. --><br />
<br />
=== Mobility ===<br />
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}<br />
<!-- ''Write about the mobility of the ground vehicle. Estimate the specific power and manoeuvrability, as well as the maximum speed forwards and backwards.'' --><br />
<br />
{{tankMobility|abMinHp=403|rbMinHp=230}}<br />
<br />
=== Modifications and economy ===<br />
{{Specs-Economy}}<br />
<br />
== Armaments ==<br />
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}<br />
=== Main armament ===<br />
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}<br />
<!-- ''Give the reader information about the characteristics of the main gun. Assess its effectiveness in a battle based on the reloading speed, ballistics and the power of shells. Do not forget about the flexibility of the fire, that is how quickly the cannon can be aimed at the target, open fire on it and aim at another enemy. Add a link to the main article on the gun: <code><nowiki>{{main|Name of the weapon}}</nowiki></code>. Describe in general terms the ammunition available for the main gun. Give advice on how to use them and how to fill the ammunition storage.'' --><br />
{{main|41.M (75 mm)}}<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="5" | [[41.M (75 mm)|75 mm 41.M]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)<br />
|-<br />
! Mode !! Capacity !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer<br />
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced<br />
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced<br />
|-<br />
! ''Arcade''<br />
| rowspan="2" | 52 || rowspan="2" | -10°/+20° || rowspan="2" | ±180° || rowspan="2" | N/A || 14.3 || 19.8 || 24.0 || 26.5 || 28.2 || rowspan="2" | 4.29 || rowspan="2" | 3.80 || rowspan="2" | 3.50 || rowspan="2" | 3.30<br />
|-<br />
! ''Realistic''<br />
| 8.9 || 10.5 || 12.8 || 14.1 || 15.0<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==== Ammunition ====<br />
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"<br />
! colspan="8" | Penetration statistics<br />
|-<br />
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition<br />
! rowspan="2" | Type of<br>warhead<br />
! colspan="6" | Penetration @ 0° Angle of Attack (mm)<br />
|-<br />
! 10 m !! 100 m !! 500 m !! 1,000 m !! 1,500 m !! 2,000 m<br />
|-<br />
| 42/36.M || APCBC || 44 || 43 || 37 || 31 || 26 || 22<br />
|-<br />
| 42/38.M || HE || 7 || 7 || 7 || 7 || 7 || 7<br />
|-<br />
| 42.M || HEAT || 90 || 90 || 90 || 90 || 90 || 90<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"<br />
! colspan="10" | Shell details<br />
|-<br />
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition<br />
! rowspan="2" | Type of<br>warhead<br />
! rowspan="2" | Velocity<br>(m/s)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Projectile<br>Mass (kg)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Fuse delay<br>(m)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Fuse sensitivity<br>(mm)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Explosive Mass<br>(TNT equivalent) (g)<br />
! colspan="3" | Ricochet<br />
|-<br />
! 0% !! 50% !! 100%<br />
|-<br />
| 42/36.M || APCBC || 400 || 5.2 || 1.2 || 14 || 80 || 48° || 63° || 71°<br />
|-<br />
| 42/38.M || HE || 450 || 5.2 || 0 || 0.1 || 400 || 79° || 80° || 81°<br />
|-<br />
| 42.M || HEAT || 450 || 4.8 || 0.05 || 0.1 || 875.5 || 62° || 69° || 73°<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==== [[Ammo racks]] ====<br />
[[File:Ammoracks_{{PAGENAME}}.png|right|thumb|x250px|[[Ammo racks]] of the {{PAGENAME}}]]<br />
<!-- '''Last updated: 2.13.0.111''' --><br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"<br />
|-<br />
! Full<br>ammo<br />
! 1st<br>rack empty<br />
! 2nd<br>rack empty<br />
! 3rd<br>rack empty<br />
! 4th<br>rack empty<br />
! 5th<br>rack empty<br />
! 6th<br>rack empty<br />
! 7th<br>rack empty<br />
! 8th<br>rack empty<br />
! Visual<br>discrepancy<br />
|-<br />
| '''52''' || 47&nbsp;''(+5)'' || 41&nbsp;''(+11)'' || 35&nbsp;''(+17)'' || 29&nbsp;''(+23)'' || 23&nbsp;''(+29)'' || 17&nbsp;''(+35)'' || 11&nbsp;''(+41)'' || 1&nbsp;''(+51)'' || No<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
'''Notes''':<br />
<br />
* As they are modeled by sets of 2, shells disappear from the rack only after you've fired both shells in the set.<br />
* Turret empty: 23&nbsp;''(+29)'' shells.<br />
<br />
=== Machine guns ===<br />
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|2}}<br />
<!-- ''Offensive and anti-aircraft machine guns not only allow you to fight some aircraft but also are effective against lightly armoured vehicles. Evaluate machine guns and give recommendations on its use.'' --><br />
{{main|34/40M (8 mm)}}<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="5" | [[34/40M (8 mm)|8 mm 34/40M]]<br />
|-<br />
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal<br />
|-<br />
| Coaxial || 3,200 (100) || 900 || N/A || N/A<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
== Usage in battles ==<br />
<!-- ''Describe the tactics of playing in the vehicle, the features of using vehicles in the team and advice on tactics. Refrain from creating a "guide" - do not impose a single point of view but instead give the reader food for thought. Describe the most dangerous enemies and give recommendations on fighting them. If necessary, note the specifics of the game in different modes (AB, RB, SB).'' --><br />
''Describe the tactics of playing in the vehicle, the features of using vehicles in the team and advice on tactics. Refrain from creating a "guide" - do not impose a single point of view but instead give the reader food for thought. Describe the most dangerous enemies and give recommendations on fighting them. If necessary, note the specifics of the game in different modes (AB, RB, SB).''<br />
<br />
=== Pros and cons ===<br />
<!-- ''Summarise and briefly evaluate the vehicle in terms of its characteristics and combat effectiveness. Mark its pros and cons in a bulleted list. Try not to use more than 6 points for each of the characteristics. Avoid using categorical definitions such as "bad", "good" and the like - use substitutions with softer forms such as "inadequate" and "effective".'' --><br />
''Summarise and briefly evaluate the vehicle in terms of its characteristics and combat effectiveness. Mark its pros and cons in a bulleted list. Try not to use more than 6 points for each of the characteristics. Avoid using categorical definitions such as "bad", "good" and the like - use substitutions with softer forms such as "inadequate" and "effective".''<br />
<br />
'''Pros:'''<br />
<br />
* Quick reload<br />
* Fairly mobile for its size and weight<br />
* quick and responsive reverse of -12 km/h<br />
* Can become surprisingly bouncy with a bit of angling<br />
* 3 shells to chose from - one APCBC, one HEAT and one HE shell<br />
<br />
*<br />
<br />
'''Cons:'''<br />
<br />
* Must choose between high lethality and low penetration with APCBC or high penetration and low lethality with HEAT<br />
* Struggles in an uptier<br />
* Large profile<br />
* Cramped turret, a penetrating shot often takes out the whole crew<br />
* Littered with ammunition<br />
* Angling too much presents a flat target for the enemy to shoot at, due to the shape of the hull<br />
* Slow turret traverse<br />
<br />
*<br />
<br />
== History ==<br />
<!-- ''Describe the history of the creation and combat usage of the vehicle in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the vehicle and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Vehicle-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>. This section may also include the vehicle's dev blog entry (if applicable) and the in-game encyclopedia description (under <code><nowiki>=== In-game description ===</nowiki></code>, also if applicable).'' --><br />
''Describe the history of the creation and combat usage of the vehicle in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the vehicle and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Vehicle-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>. This section may also include the vehicle's dev blog entry (if applicable) and the in-game encyclopedia description (under <code><nowiki>=== In-game description ===</nowiki></code>, also if applicable).''<br />
<br />
== Media ==<br />
<!-- ''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.'' --><br />
<br />
;Skins<br />
<br />
* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=it_41m_turan_2 Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]<br />
<br />
;Videos<br />
{{Youtube-gallery|WlS7yspnciI|'''Battle Pass: Firepower''' discusses the {{PAGENAME}} at 00:38 - ''War Thunder Official Channel''}}<br />
<br />
== See also ==<br />
<!-- ''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''<br />
* ''reference to the series of the vehicles;''<br />
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.'' --><br />
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''<br />
<br />
* ''reference to the series of the vehicles;''<br />
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''<br />
<br />
== External links ==<br />
<!-- ''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''<br />
* ''topic on the official game forum;''<br />
* ''other literature.'' --><br />
<br />
* [[wt:en/news/7524-development-battle-pass-vehicles-41-m-tur%C3%A1n-ii-en|[Devblog] Battle Pass vehicles: 41.M Turán II]]<br />
<br />
<br />
{{Italy medium tanks}}<br />
{{Italy premium ground vehicles}}</div>U29417738https://wiki.warthunder.com/index.php?title=Challenger_2_TES&diff=118317Challenger 2 TES2021-12-17T15:04:50Z<p>U29417738: /* Pros and cons */</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Specs-Card<br />
|code=uk_challenger_2_tes<br />
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
== Description ==<br />
<!-- ''In the description, the first part should be about the history of the creation and combat usage of the vehicle, as well as its key features. In the second part, tell the reader about the ground vehicle in the game. Insert a screenshot of the vehicle, so that if the novice player does not remember the vehicle by name, he will immediately understand what kind of vehicle the article is talking about.'' --><br />
The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} British medium tank {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update "Winged Lions"]].<br />
<br />
== General info ==<br />
=== Survivability and armour ===<br />
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}<br />
<!-- ''Describe armour protection. Note the most well protected and key weak areas. Appreciate the layout of modules as well as the number and location of crew members. Is the level of armour protection sufficient, is the placement of modules helpful for survival in combat? If necessary use a visual template to indicate the most secure and weak zones of the armour.'' --><br />
The Challenger 2 TES has the armour that would be expected of the name (TES - Theatre Entry Standard). The tank has been updated to meet the modern theatres of war, including streetfighting and more effective chemical munitions and kinetic weapons. The ERA on the sides displays this exact line of thought. The tank now boasts some of the most effective ERA in the game, beating the T-90A's frontal chemical protection by over 500 mm of effective thickness.<br />
<br />
Equipped with the iconic jammer plate mounted to the roof, this tank will be easy to spot and identify, so one should take care to cover their weak points with extra care, as many will know where the weaknesses are, and feel pressured to shoot them due to the increased armour elsewhere. The tank retains the same weakspots; the gun mantlet, driver's port and the lower frontal plate, though it is less vulnerable to chemical munitions now. The gun breech will most likely block spalling from any penetrating round, allowing TES players to retreat and repair their breech, should they be far enough away from danger.<br />
<br />
When opposing enemy tanks, commanders should attempt to angle their tank slightly, as the composite side screens can take most of the brunt of lower power kinetic rounds (M111, DM33) at an angle. Chemical rounds will also fail to penetrate when hitting any ERA on the side. Angling has the added bonus of making the driver's port less effective as a means of knocking out the tank's crew.<br />
<br />
'''Armour type:''' <!-- The types of armour present on the vehicle and their general locations --><br />
<!-- Example: * Rolled homogeneous armour (Front, Side, Rear, Hull roof)<br />
* Cast homogeneous armour (Turret, Transmission area) --><br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|-<br />
! Armour !! Front !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof<br />
|-<br />
| Hull || 38-50 mm (56-83°) ''Upper Plate''<br />
70 mm (31-34°) ''Lower Glacis'' 60 mm (0-80°) ''Driver's Port''<br />
| 25 mm Top (70°)<br />
25 mm Middle (0°) 38 mm ''Bottom'' (0°)<br />
| 25 mm (32°) || 10-20 mm<br />
|-<br />
| Turret || 38 - 50 mm (56-82°) ''Turret Front'' <br>30 mm (3-82°) ''Gun Mantlet'' || 20-25 mm (8-10°) || 20 mm (18°) || 10-38 mm<br />
|-<br />
| Cupola || 8 mm (3-78°) || 8 mm (9-60°) || 8 mm (1-80°) || 44-60 mm<br />
|-<br />
!Composite Armour<br />
!Front<br />
! colspan="3" |Sides<br />
|-<br />
|Hull<br />
|'''Upper'''<br>Kinetic: 420-700 mm<br>Chemical: 800-1100 mm<br>'''Lower'''<br>Kinetic: 100-270 mm<br>Chemical: 130-800 mm<br />
| colspan="3" |'''Ext. Composite Screen with ERA:'''<br>Kinetic: 88 mm<br>Chemical: 1900 mm<br />
|-<br />
|Turret<br />
|'''Turret Cheeks'''<br>Kinetic: 440-720 mm<br>Chemical: 780-1000 mm<br />
| colspan="3" |'''Internal Composite'''<br>Kinetic: 190-740 mm<br>Chemical: 300-1000 mm<br />
'''Ext. ERA''':<br />
<br />
Kinetic: 30 mm<br />
<br />
Chemical: 222 mm<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
'''Notes:'''<br />
<br />
* ''Upper Frontal Plate'' has additional 6.35 mm external structural steel plate.<br />
* ''Lower Frontal Plate'' has additional composite with NERA elements, which is very effective against chemical munitions.<br />
<br />
=== Mobility ===<br />
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}<br />
<!-- ''Write about the mobility of the ground vehicle. Estimate the specific power and manoeuvrability, as well as the maximum speed forwards and backwards.'' --><br />
''Write about the mobility of the ground vehicle. Estimate the specific power and manoeuvrability, as well as the maximum speed forwards and backwards.''<br />
<br />
{{tankMobility|abMinHp=1886|rbMinHp=1076}}<br />
<br />
=== Modifications and economy ===<br />
{{Specs-Economy}}<br />
<br />
== Armaments ==<br />
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}<br />
=== Main armament ===<br />
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}<br />
<!-- ''Give the reader information about the characteristics of the main gun. Assess its effectiveness in a battle based on the reloading speed, ballistics and the power of shells. Do not forget about the flexibility of the fire, that is how quickly the cannon can be aimed at the target, open fire on it and aim at another enemy. Add a link to the main article on the gun: <code><nowiki>{{main|Name of the weapon}}</nowiki></code>. Describe in general terms the ammunition available for the main gun. Give advice on how to use them and how to fill the ammunition storage.'' --><br />
{{main|L30A1 (120 mm)}}<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="5" | [[L30A1 (120 mm)|120 mm L30A1]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)<br />
|-<br />
! Mode !! Capacity !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer<br />
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced<br />
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced<br />
|-<br />
! ''Arcade''<br />
| rowspan="2" | 50 || rowspan="2" | -10°/+20° || rowspan="2" | ±180° || rowspan="2" | Two-plane || 29.5 || 40.8 || 49.6 || 54.8 || 58.4 || rowspan="2" | 6.50 || rowspan="2" | 5.75 || rowspan="2" | 5.30 || rowspan="2" | 5.00<br />
|-<br />
! ''Realistic''<br />
| 18.4 || 21.7 || 26.4 || 29.1 || 31.0<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==== Ammunition ====<br />
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"<br />
! colspan="8" | Penetration statistics<br />
|-<br />
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition<br />
! rowspan="2" | Type of<br>warhead<br />
! colspan="6" | Penetration @ 0° Angle of Attack (mm)<br />
|-<br />
! 10 m !! 100 m !! 500 m !! 1,000 m !! 1,500 m !! 2,000 m<br />
|-<br />
| Shot L23A1 || APFSDS || 396 || 394 || 387 || 376 || 367 || 357<br />
|-<br />
| Shell L31A7 || HESH || 152 || 152 || 152 || 152 || 152 || 152<br />
|-<br />
| L26 || APFSDS || 493 || 491 || 487 || 481 || 474 || 468<br />
|-<br />
| L27A1 || APFSDS || 564 || 562 || 557 || 551 || 545 || 538<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"<br />
! colspan="10" | Shell details<br />
|-<br />
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition<br />
! rowspan="2" | Type of<br>warhead<br />
! rowspan="2" | Velocity<br>(m/s)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Projectile<br>Mass (kg)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Fuse delay<br>(m)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Fuse sensitivity<br>(mm)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Explosive Mass<br>(TNT equivalent) (g)<br />
! colspan="3" | Ricochet<br />
|-<br />
! 0% !! 50% !! 100%<br />
|-<br />
| Shot L23A1 || APFSDS || 1,535 || 3.89 || N/A || N/A || N/A || 78° || 80° || 81°<br />
|-<br />
| Shell L31A7 || HESH || 670 || 17.1 || 0.1 || 4 || 6,560 || 73° || 77° || 80°<br />
|-<br />
| L26 || APFSDS || 1,650 || 4.1 || N/A || N/A || N/A || 78° || 80° || 81°<br />
|-<br />
| L27A1 || APFSDS || 1,650 || 4.1 || N/A || N/A || N/A || 78° || 80° || 81°<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"<br />
! colspan="7" | Smoke shell characteristics<br />
|-<br />
! Ammunition<br />
! Velocity<br>(m/s)<br />
! Projectile<br>Mass (kg)<br />
! Screen radius<br>(m)<br />
! Screen deploy time<br>(s)<br />
! Screen hold time<br>(s)<br />
! Explosive Mass<br>(TNT equivalent) (g)<br />
|-<br />
| L34 || 670 || 17.1 || 20 || 5 || 25 || 50<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==== [[Ammo racks]] ====<br />
<!-- [[File:Ammoracks_{{PAGENAME}}.png|right|thumb|x250px|[[Ammo racks]] of the {{PAGENAME}}]] --><br />
<!-- '''Last updated:''' --><br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"<br />
|-<br />
! Full<br>ammo<br />
! 1st<br>rack empty<br />
! 2nd<br>rack empty<br />
! 3rd<br>rack empty<br />
! 4th<br>rack empty<br />
! 5th<br>rack empty<br />
! 6th<br>rack empty<br />
! Visual<br>discrepancy<br />
|-<br />
| '''50''' || __&nbsp;''(+__)'' || __&nbsp;''(+__)'' || __&nbsp;''(+__)'' || __&nbsp;''(+__)'' || __&nbsp;''(+__)'' || __&nbsp;''(+__)'' || __<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
=== Machine guns ===<br />
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|3}}<br />
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|2}}<br />
<!-- ''Offensive and anti-aircraft machine guns not only allow you to fight some aircraft but also are effective against lightly armoured vehicles. Evaluate machine guns and give recommendations on its use.'' --><br />
{{main|L37A2 (7.62 mm)|L94A1 (7.62 mm)}}<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="5" | [[L37A2 (7.62 mm)|7.62 mm L37A2]]<br />
|-<br />
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal<br />
|-<br />
| Pintle || 1,700 (100) || 650 || -10°/+50° || ±180°<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="5" | [[L94A1 (7.62 mm)|7.62 mm L94A1]]<br />
|-<br />
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal<br />
|-<br />
| Coaxial || 2,300 (2,000) || 600 || N/A || N/A<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
== Usage in battles ==<br />
<!-- ''Describe the tactics of playing in the vehicle, the features of using vehicles in the team and advice on tactics. Refrain from creating a "guide" - do not impose a single point of view but instead give the reader food for thought. Describe the most dangerous enemies and give recommendations on fighting them. If necessary, note the specifics of the game in different modes (AB, RB, SB).'' --><br />
''Describe the tactics of playing in the vehicle, the features of using vehicles in the team and advice on tactics. Refrain from creating a "guide" - do not impose a single point of view but instead give the reader food for thought. Describe the most dangerous enemies and give recommendations on fighting them. If necessary, note the specifics of the game in different modes (AB, RB, SB).''<br />
<br />
=== Pros and cons ===<br />
<!-- ''Summarise and briefly evaluate the vehicle in terms of its characteristics and combat effectiveness. Mark its pros and cons in a bulleted list. Try not to use more than 6 points for each of the characteristics. Avoid using categorical definitions such as "bad", "good" and the like - use substitutions with softer forms such as "inadequate" and "effective".'' --><br />
<br />
'''Pros:'''<br />
<br />
* Impressive chemical protection on the front and sides.<br />
* Maintains the kinetic protection from previous variants, with improvements in places.<br />
* Very accurate L30A1 120 mm gun.<br />
* Fast reload, down to 5.0 seconds with an aced crew.<br />
<br />
'''Cons:'''<br />
<br />
* No composite plates behind the ERA panels on the turret sides<br />
* Heaviest MBT in the game with a very poor hp/ton ratio; very poor acceleration<br />
* Same ammunition options as the previous Challenger 2s<br />
* Maintains the same weakspots from previous variants.<br />
* No CITV (Commander Independent Thermal Viewer).<br />
* L27A1 has low penetration compared to other top rank NATO ammunition.<br />
* The increase in armour only protects against chemical based shells and offers marginal protection to APFSDS shells<br />
<br />
== History ==<br />
<!-- ''Describe the history of the creation and combat usage of the vehicle in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the vehicle and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Vehicle-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>. This section may also include the vehicle's dev blog entry (if applicable) and the in-game encyclopedia description (under <code><nowiki>=== In-game description ===</nowiki></code>, also if applicable).'' --><br />
''Describe the history of the creation and combat usage of the vehicle in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the vehicle and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Vehicle-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>. This section may also include the vehicle's dev blog entry (if applicable) and the in-game encyclopedia description (under <code><nowiki>=== In-game description ===</nowiki></code>, also if applicable).''<br />
<br />
== Media ==<br />
<!-- ''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.'' --><br />
''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.''<br />
<br />
== See also ==<br />
<!-- ''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''<br />
* ''reference to the series of the vehicles;''<br />
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.'' --><br />
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''<br />
<br />
* ''reference to the series of the vehicles;''<br />
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''<br />
<br />
== External links ==<br />
<!-- ''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''<br />
* ''topic on the official game forum;''<br />
* ''other literature.'' --><br />
''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''<br />
<br />
* ''topic on the official game forum;''<br />
* ''other literature.''<br />
<br />
{{Britain medium tanks}}</div>U29417738https://wiki.warthunder.com/index.php?title=M-51_(W)&diff=118316M-51 (W)2021-12-17T14:55:14Z<p>U29417738: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{Specs-Card<br />
|code=il_m_51_w<br />
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg|StoreImage_{{PAGENAME}}_003.jpg}}<br />
|store= 10705<br />
}}<br />
<br />
== Description ==<br />
<!-- ''In the description, the first part should be about the history of the creation and combat usage of the vehicle, as well as its key features. In the second part, tell the reader about the ground vehicle in the game. Insert a screenshot of the vehicle, so that if the novice player does not remember the vehicle by name, he will immediately understand what kind of vehicle the article is talking about.'' --><br />
The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a premium gift rank {{Specs|rank}} Israeli medium tank {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update "Winged Lions"]].<br />
<br />
== General info ==<br />
=== Survivability and armour ===<br />
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}<br />
<!-- ''Describe armour protection. Note the most well protected and key weak areas. Appreciate the layout of modules as well as the number and location of crew members. Is the level of armour protection sufficient, is the placement of modules helpful for survival in combat? If necessary use a visual template to indicate the most secure and weak zones of the armour.'' --><br />
''Describe armour protection. Note the most well protected and key weak areas. Appreciate the layout of modules as well as the number and location of crew members. Is the level of armour protection sufficient, is the placement of modules helpful for survival in combat? If necessary use a visual template to indicate the most secure and weak zones of the armour.''<br />
<br />
'''Armour type:''' <!-- The types of armour present on the vehicle and their general locations --><br />
<!-- Example: * Rolled homogeneous armour (Front, Side, Rear, Hull roof)<br />
* Cast homogeneous armour (Turret, Transmission area) --><br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|-<br />
! Armour !! Front (Slope angle) !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof<br />
|-<br />
| Hull || ___ mm || ___ mm ''Top'' <br> ___ mm ''Bottom'' || ___ mm || ___ - ___ mm<br />
|-<br />
| Turret || ___ - ___ mm ''Turret front'' <br> ___ mm ''Gun mantlet'' || ___ - ___ mm || ___ - ___ mm || ___ - ___ mm<br />
|-<br />
| Cupola || ___ mm || ___ mm || ___ mm || ___ mm<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
'''Notes:''' <!-- Any additional notes which the user needs to be aware of --><br />
<!-- Example: * Suspension wheels are 20 mm thick, tracks are 30 mm thick, and torsion bars are 60 mm thick. --><br />
<br />
=== Mobility ===<br />
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}<br />
<!-- ''Write about the mobility of the ground vehicle. Estimate the specific power and manoeuvrability, as well as the maximum speed forwards and backwards.'' --><br />
''Write about the mobility of the ground vehicle. Estimate the specific power and manoeuvrability, as well as the maximum speed forwards and backwards.''<br />
<br />
{{tankMobility}}<br />
<br />
=== Modifications and economy ===<br />
{{Specs-Economy}}<br />
<br />
== Armaments ==<br />
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}<br />
=== Main armament ===<br />
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}<br />
<!-- ''Give the reader information about the characteristics of the main gun. Assess its effectiveness in a battle based on the reloading speed, ballistics and the power of shells. Do not forget about the flexibility of the fire, that is how quickly the cannon can be aimed at the target, open fire on it and aim at another enemy. Add a link to the main article on the gun: <code><nowiki>{{main|Name of the weapon}}</nowiki></code>. Describe in general terms the ammunition available for the main gun. Give advice on how to use them and how to fill the ammunition storage.'' --><br />
{{main|M-51 (105 mm)}}<br />
<br />
''Give the reader information about the characteristics of the main gun. Assess its effectiveness in a battle based on the reloading speed, ballistics and the power of shells. Do not forget about the flexibility of the fire, that is how quickly the cannon can be aimed at the target, open fire on it and aim at another enemy. Add a link to the main article on the gun: <code><nowiki>{{main|Name of the weapon}}</nowiki></code>. Describe in general terms the ammunition available for the main gun. Give advice on how to use them and how to fill the ammunition storage.''<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="5" | [[M-51 (105 mm)|105 mm M-51]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)<br />
|-<br />
! Mode !! Capacity !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer<br />
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced<br />
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced<br />
|-<br />
! ''Arcade''<br />
| rowspan="2" | 56 || rowspan="2" | -8°/+20° || rowspan="2" | ±180° || rowspan="2" | N/A || __._ || __._ || __._ || __._ || __._ || rowspan="2" | _.__ || rowspan="2" | _.__ || rowspan="2" | _.__ || rowspan="2" | _.__<br />
|-<br />
! ''Realistic''<br />
| __._ || __._ || __._ || __._ || __._<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==== Ammunition ====<br />
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"<br />
! colspan="8" | Penetration statistics<br />
|-<br />
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition<br />
! rowspan="2" | Type of<br>warhead<br />
! colspan="6" | Penetration @ 0° Angle of Attack (mm)<br />
|-<br />
! 10 m !! 100 m !! 500 m !! 1,000 m !! 1,500 m !! 2,000 m<br />
|-<br />
| OCC 105 F1 || HEAT || 400 || 400 || 400 || 400 || 400 || 400<br />
|-<br />
| OE 105 F1 Mle.60 || HE || 25 || 25 || 25 || 25 || 25 || 25<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"<br />
! colspan="10" | Shell details<br />
|-<br />
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition<br />
! rowspan="2" | Type of<br>warhead<br />
! rowspan="2" | Velocity<br>(m/s)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Projectile<br>Mass (kg)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Fuse delay<br>(m)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Fuse sensitivity<br>(mm)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Explosive Mass<br>(TNT equivalent) (g)<br />
! colspan="3" | Ricochet<br />
|-<br />
! 0% !! 50% !! 100%<br />
|-<br />
| OCC 105 F1 || HEAT || 800 || 10.95 || 0.05 || 0.1 || 1,020 || 62° || 69° || 73°<br />
|-<br />
| OE 105 F1 Mle.60 || HE || 800 || 12.1 || 0 || 0.1 || 2,000 || 79° || 80° || 81°<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"<br />
! colspan="7" | Smoke shell characteristics<br />
|-<br />
! Ammunition<br />
! Velocity<br>(m/s)<br />
! Projectile<br>Mass (kg)<br />
! Screen radius<br>(m)<br />
! Screen deploy time<br>(s)<br />
! Screen hold time<br>(s)<br />
! Explosive Mass<br>(TNT equivalent) (g)<br />
|-<br />
| OFPH 105 F1 || 600 || 11.4 || 20 || 5 || 25 || 50<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==== [[Ammo racks]] ====<br />
<!-- [[File:Ammoracks_{{PAGENAME}}.png|right|thumb|x250px|[[Ammo racks]] of the {{PAGENAME}}]] --><br />
<!-- '''Last updated:''' --><br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"<br />
|-<br />
! Full<br>ammo<br />
! 1st<br>rack empty<br />
! 2nd<br>rack empty<br />
! 3rd<br>rack empty<br />
! 4th<br>rack empty<br />
! 5th<br>rack empty<br />
! 6th<br>rack empty<br />
! Visual<br>discrepancy<br />
|-<br />
| '''56''' || __&nbsp;''(+__)'' || __&nbsp;''(+__)'' || __&nbsp;''(+__)'' || __&nbsp;''(+__)'' || __&nbsp;''(+__)'' || __&nbsp;''(+__)'' || __<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
=== Machine guns ===<br />
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|2}}<br />
<!-- ''Offensive and anti-aircraft machine guns not only allow you to fight some aircraft but also are effective against lightly armoured vehicles. Evaluate machine guns and give recommendations on its use.'' --><br />
{{main|M1919A4 (7.62 mm)}}<br />
<br />
''Offensive and anti-aircraft machine guns not only allow you to fight some aircraft but also are effective against lightly armoured vehicles. Evaluate machine guns and give recommendations on its use.''<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="5" | [[M1919A4 (7.62 mm)|7.62 mm M1919A4]]<br />
|-<br />
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal<br />
|-<br />
| Coaxial<br />
| 4750 (250) || 500 || N/A || N/A<br />
|-<br />
| Pintle<br />
| 600 (200) || 500 || -8°/+70° || ±180°<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
== Usage in battles ==<br />
<!-- ''Describe the tactics of playing in the vehicle, the features of using vehicles in the team and advice on tactics. Refrain from creating a "guide" - do not impose a single point of view but instead give the reader food for thought. Describe the most dangerous enemies and give recommendations on fighting them. If necessary, note the specifics of the game in different modes (AB, RB, SB).'' --><br />
''Describe the tactics of playing in the vehicle, the features of using vehicles in the team and advice on tactics. Refrain from creating a "guide" - do not impose a single point of view but instead give the reader food for thought. Describe the most dangerous enemies and give recommendations on fighting them. If necessary, note the specifics of the game in different modes (AB, RB, SB).''<br />
<br />
=== Pros and cons ===<br />
<!-- ''Summarise and briefly evaluate the vehicle in terms of its characteristics and combat effectiveness. Mark its pros and cons in a bulleted list. Try not to use more than 6 points for each of the characteristics. Avoid using categorical definitions such as "bad", "good" and the like - use substitutions with softer forms such as "inadequate" and "effective".'' --><br />
''Summarise and briefly evaluate the vehicle in terms of its characteristics and combat effectiveness. Mark its pros and cons in a bulleted list. Try not to use more than 6 points for each of the characteristics. Avoid using categorical definitions such as "bad", "good" and the like - use substitutions with softer forms such as "inadequate" and "effective".''<br />
<br />
'''Pros:'''<br />
<br />
* Impressive firepower<br />
* Great long range cannon<br />
* Wide FOV in the gunner's sight<br />
* Quick turret traverse<br />
* 4 turret-mounted smoke grenades<br />
<br />
'''Cons:'''<br />
<br />
* Massive gun wobbling: the gun is not stabilised and bounces a lot<br />
* Poor top speed and acceleration<br />
* With its poor armour and massive gun, close quarters is not recommended<br />
* Cramped turret due to the large breech<br />
* Relatively long reload time<br />
* Fires only chemical based HEAT and HE shells<br />
* The HEAT shell has low muzzle velocity and unreliable post-penetration damage<br />
* The large muzzle brake catches a lot of shells, destroying the gun<br />
* Only has .30 cal machine guns<br />
* Unimpressive mobility<br />
<br />
== History ==<br />
<!-- ''Describe the history of the creation and combat usage of the vehicle in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the vehicle and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Vehicle-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>. This section may also include the vehicle's dev blog entry (if applicable) and the in-game encyclopedia description (under <code><nowiki>=== In-game description ===</nowiki></code>, also if applicable).'' --><br />
''Describe the history of the creation and combat usage of the vehicle in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the vehicle and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Vehicle-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>. This section may also include the vehicle's dev blog entry (if applicable) and the in-game encyclopedia description (under <code><nowiki>=== In-game description ===</nowiki></code>, also if applicable).''<br />
<br />
== Media ==<br />
<!-- ''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.'' --><br />
''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.''<br />
<br />
== See also ==<br />
<!-- ''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''<br />
* ''reference to the series of the vehicles;''<br />
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.'' --><br />
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''<br />
<br />
* ''reference to the series of the vehicles;''<br />
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''<br />
<br />
== External links ==<br />
<!-- ''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''<br />
* ''topic on the official game forum;''<br />
* ''other literature.'' --><br />
''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''<br />
<br />
* ''topic on the official game forum;''<br />
* ''other literature.''<br />
<br />
{{Israel medium tanks}}<br />
{{Israel premium ground vehicles}}</div>U29417738https://wiki.warthunder.com/index.php?title=M-51_(W)&diff=118026M-51 (W)2021-12-16T15:59:52Z<p>U29417738: /* Pros and cons */</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Specs-Card<br />
|code=il_m_51_w<br />
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}<br />
|store= 10705<br />
}}<br />
<br />
== Description ==<br />
<!-- ''In the description, the first part should be about the history of the creation and combat usage of the vehicle, as well as its key features. In the second part, tell the reader about the ground vehicle in the game. Insert a screenshot of the vehicle, so that if the novice player does not remember the vehicle by name, he will immediately understand what kind of vehicle the article is talking about.'' --><br />
The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a premium gift rank {{Specs|rank}} Israeli medium tank {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update "Winged Lions"]].<br />
<br />
== General info ==<br />
=== Survivability and armour ===<br />
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}<br />
<!-- ''Describe armour protection. Note the most well protected and key weak areas. Appreciate the layout of modules as well as the number and location of crew members. Is the level of armour protection sufficient, is the placement of modules helpful for survival in combat? If necessary use a visual template to indicate the most secure and weak zones of the armour.'' --><br />
''Describe armour protection. Note the most well protected and key weak areas. Appreciate the layout of modules as well as the number and location of crew members. Is the level of armour protection sufficient, is the placement of modules helpful for survival in combat? If necessary use a visual template to indicate the most secure and weak zones of the armour.''<br />
<br />
'''Armour type:''' <!-- The types of armour present on the vehicle and their general locations --><br />
<!-- Example: * Rolled homogeneous armour (Front, Side, Rear, Hull roof)<br />
* Cast homogeneous armour (Turret, Transmission area) --><br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|-<br />
! Armour !! Front (Slope angle) !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof<br />
|-<br />
| Hull || ___ mm || ___ mm ''Top'' <br> ___ mm ''Bottom'' || ___ mm || ___ - ___ mm<br />
|-<br />
| Turret || ___ - ___ mm ''Turret front'' <br> ___ mm ''Gun mantlet'' || ___ - ___ mm || ___ - ___ mm || ___ - ___ mm<br />
|-<br />
| Cupola || ___ mm || ___ mm || ___ mm || ___ mm<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
'''Notes:''' <!-- Any additional notes which the user needs to be aware of --><br />
<!-- Example: * Suspension wheels are 20 mm thick, tracks are 30 mm thick, and torsion bars are 60 mm thick. --><br />
<br />
=== Mobility ===<br />
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}<br />
<!-- ''Write about the mobility of the ground vehicle. Estimate the specific power and manoeuvrability, as well as the maximum speed forwards and backwards.'' --><br />
''Write about the mobility of the ground vehicle. Estimate the specific power and manoeuvrability, as well as the maximum speed forwards and backwards.''<br />
<br />
{{tankMobility}}<br />
<br />
=== Modifications and economy ===<br />
{{Specs-Economy}}<br />
<br />
== Armaments ==<br />
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}<br />
=== Main armament ===<br />
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}<br />
<!-- ''Give the reader information about the characteristics of the main gun. Assess its effectiveness in a battle based on the reloading speed, ballistics and the power of shells. Do not forget about the flexibility of the fire, that is how quickly the cannon can be aimed at the target, open fire on it and aim at another enemy. Add a link to the main article on the gun: <code><nowiki>{{main|Name of the weapon}}</nowiki></code>. Describe in general terms the ammunition available for the main gun. Give advice on how to use them and how to fill the ammunition storage.'' --><br />
{{main|M-51 (105 mm)}}<br />
<br />
''Give the reader information about the characteristics of the main gun. Assess its effectiveness in a battle based on the reloading speed, ballistics and the power of shells. Do not forget about the flexibility of the fire, that is how quickly the cannon can be aimed at the target, open fire on it and aim at another enemy. Add a link to the main article on the gun: <code><nowiki>{{main|Name of the weapon}}</nowiki></code>. Describe in general terms the ammunition available for the main gun. Give advice on how to use them and how to fill the ammunition storage.''<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="5" | [[M-51 (105 mm)|105 mm M-51]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)<br />
|-<br />
! Mode !! Capacity !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer<br />
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced<br />
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced<br />
|-<br />
! ''Arcade''<br />
| rowspan="2" | 56 || rowspan="2" | -8°/+20° || rowspan="2" | ±180° || rowspan="2" | N/A || __._ || __._ || __._ || __._ || __._ || rowspan="2" | _.__ || rowspan="2" | _.__ || rowspan="2" | _.__ || rowspan="2" | _.__<br />
|-<br />
! ''Realistic''<br />
| __._ || __._ || __._ || __._ || __._<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==== Ammunition ====<br />
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"<br />
! colspan="8" | Penetration statistics<br />
|-<br />
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition<br />
! rowspan="2" | Type of<br>warhead<br />
! colspan="6" | Penetration @ 0° Angle of Attack (mm)<br />
|-<br />
! 10 m !! 100 m !! 500 m !! 1,000 m !! 1,500 m !! 2,000 m<br />
|-<br />
| OCC 105 F1 || HEAT || 400 || 400 || 400 || 400 || 400 || 400<br />
|-<br />
| OE 105 F1 Mle.60 || HE || 25 || 25 || 25 || 25 || 25 || 25<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"<br />
! colspan="10" | Shell details<br />
|-<br />
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition<br />
! rowspan="2" | Type of<br>warhead<br />
! rowspan="2" | Velocity<br>(m/s)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Projectile<br>Mass (kg)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Fuse delay<br>(m)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Fuse sensitivity<br>(mm)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Explosive Mass<br>(TNT equivalent) (g)<br />
! colspan="3" | Ricochet<br />
|-<br />
! 0% !! 50% !! 100%<br />
|-<br />
| OCC 105 F1 || HEAT || 800 || 10.95 || 0.05 || 0.1 || 1,020 || 62° || 69° || 73°<br />
|-<br />
| OE 105 F1 Mle.60 || HE || 800 || 12.1 || 0 || 0.1 || 2,000 || 79° || 80° || 81°<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"<br />
! colspan="7" | Smoke shell characteristics<br />
|-<br />
! Ammunition<br />
! Velocity<br>(m/s)<br />
! Projectile<br>Mass (kg)<br />
! Screen radius<br>(m)<br />
! Screen deploy time<br>(s)<br />
! Screen hold time<br>(s)<br />
! Explosive Mass<br>(TNT equivalent) (g)<br />
|-<br />
| OFPH 105 F1 || 600 || 11.4 || 20 || 5 || 25 || 50<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==== [[Ammo racks]] ====<br />
<!-- [[File:Ammoracks_{{PAGENAME}}.png|right|thumb|x250px|[[Ammo racks]] of the {{PAGENAME}}]] --><br />
<!-- '''Last updated:''' --><br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"<br />
|-<br />
! Full<br>ammo<br />
! 1st<br>rack empty<br />
! 2nd<br>rack empty<br />
! 3rd<br>rack empty<br />
! 4th<br>rack empty<br />
! 5th<br>rack empty<br />
! 6th<br>rack empty<br />
! Visual<br>discrepancy<br />
|-<br />
| '''56''' || __&nbsp;''(+__)'' || __&nbsp;''(+__)'' || __&nbsp;''(+__)'' || __&nbsp;''(+__)'' || __&nbsp;''(+__)'' || __&nbsp;''(+__)'' || __<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
=== Machine guns ===<br />
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|2}}<br />
<!-- ''Offensive and anti-aircraft machine guns not only allow you to fight some aircraft but also are effective against lightly armoured vehicles. Evaluate machine guns and give recommendations on its use.'' --><br />
{{main|M1919A4 (7.62 mm)}}<br />
<br />
''Offensive and anti-aircraft machine guns not only allow you to fight some aircraft but also are effective against lightly armoured vehicles. Evaluate machine guns and give recommendations on its use.''<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="5" | [[M1919A4 (7.62 mm)|7.62 mm M1919A4]]<br />
|-<br />
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal<br />
|-<br />
| Coaxial<br />
| 4750 (250) || 500 || N/A || N/A<br />
|-<br />
| Pintle<br />
| 600 (200) || 500 || -8°/+70° || ±180°<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
== Usage in battles ==<br />
<!-- ''Describe the tactics of playing in the vehicle, the features of using vehicles in the team and advice on tactics. Refrain from creating a "guide" - do not impose a single point of view but instead give the reader food for thought. Describe the most dangerous enemies and give recommendations on fighting them. If necessary, note the specifics of the game in different modes (AB, RB, SB).'' --><br />
''Describe the tactics of playing in the vehicle, the features of using vehicles in the team and advice on tactics. Refrain from creating a "guide" - do not impose a single point of view but instead give the reader food for thought. Describe the most dangerous enemies and give recommendations on fighting them. If necessary, note the specifics of the game in different modes (AB, RB, SB).''<br />
<br />
=== Pros and cons ===<br />
<!-- ''Summarise and briefly evaluate the vehicle in terms of its characteristics and combat effectiveness. Mark its pros and cons in a bulleted list. Try not to use more than 6 points for each of the characteristics. Avoid using categorical definitions such as "bad", "good" and the like - use substitutions with softer forms such as "inadequate" and "effective".'' --><br />
''Summarise and briefly evaluate the vehicle in terms of its characteristics and combat effectiveness. Mark its pros and cons in a bulleted list. Try not to use more than 6 points for each of the characteristics. Avoid using categorical definitions such as "bad", "good" and the like - use substitutions with softer forms such as "inadequate" and "effective".''<br />
<br />
'''Pros:'''<br />
<br />
* Insane firepower, <br />
* Great long range cannon<br />
* Decent top speed on most terrains<br />
* Wide FOV in the gunner's sight<br />
* Mounted on the reliable Sherman chassis<br />
* Quick turret traverse<br />
* Gun depression only slightly lower, despite the much larger gun<br />
* 4 turret-mounted smoke grenades<br />
<br />
'''Cons:'''<br />
<br />
* Massive gun wobbling: the gun is not stabilised and bounces a lot<br />
* With its poor armour and massive gun, close quarters is not recommended<br />
* Only has a .30 cal machine gun<br />
* Unimpressive mobility<br />
* Relatively long reload<br />
* Fires only chemical based HEAT and HE shells <br />
* Cramped turret due to the large breech<br />
* Unlike most Shermans, the stabiliser is noticably absent<br />
* The large muzzle break catches a lot of shells, destroying the gun<br />
* Unreliable post-pen damage<br />
* HEAT has lower muzzle velocity than the similar 105 mm on the AMX-30 (1972)<br />
<br />
== History ==<br />
<!-- ''Describe the history of the creation and combat usage of the vehicle in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the vehicle and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Vehicle-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>. This section may also include the vehicle's dev blog entry (if applicable) and the in-game encyclopedia description (under <code><nowiki>=== In-game description ===</nowiki></code>, also if applicable).'' --><br />
''Describe the history of the creation and combat usage of the vehicle in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the vehicle and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Vehicle-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>. This section may also include the vehicle's dev blog entry (if applicable) and the in-game encyclopedia description (under <code><nowiki>=== In-game description ===</nowiki></code>, also if applicable).''<br />
<br />
== Media ==<br />
<!-- ''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.'' --><br />
''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.''<br />
<br />
== See also ==<br />
<!-- ''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''<br />
* ''reference to the series of the vehicles;''<br />
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.'' --><br />
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''<br />
<br />
* ''reference to the series of the vehicles;''<br />
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''<br />
<br />
== External links ==<br />
<!-- ''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''<br />
* ''topic on the official game forum;''<br />
* ''other literature.'' --><br />
''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''<br />
<br />
* ''topic on the official game forum;''<br />
* ''other literature.''<br />
<br />
{{Israel medium tanks}}<br />
{{Israel premium ground vehicles}}</div>U29417738https://wiki.warthunder.com/index.php?title=L7_(105_mm)_(Family)&diff=117171L7 (105 mm) (Family)2021-12-10T14:53:24Z<p>U29417738: /* Variants */</p>
<hr />
<div>== Description ==<br />
<!--''Write an introduction to the article in 2-3 small paragraphs. Briefly tell us about the history of the development and combat using the weaponry and also about its features. Compile a list of air, ground, or naval vehicles that feature this weapon system in the game.''--><br />
<br />
The '''Royal Ordnance L7''', officially designated '''Gun, 105 mm, Tank, L7''', is the basic model of the United Kingdom's most successful tank gun.<br />
<br />
=== Variants ===<br />
<br />
* [[File:Britain flag.png|30px|link=|United Kingdom]] [[L7A1 (105 mm)|L7A1]]<br />
* [[File:FRG flag.png|30px|link=|Germany]] [[L7A3 (105 mm)|L7A3]]<br />
* [[File:Britain flag.png|30px|link=|United Kingdom]] [[LRF (105 mm)|L7 LRF]] - ''(Low Recoil Force)''<br />
* [[File:Argentina flag.png|30px|link=|Argentina]] [[FMK.4 Modelo 1L (105 mm)|FM K.4 Modelo 1L]]<br />
* [[File:South Africa flag.png|30px|link=|South Africa]] [[GT-3 (105 mm)|GT-3]]<br />
* [[File:South Africa flag.png|30px|link=|South Africa]] [[GT-7 (105 mm)|GT-7]]<br />
* [[File:South Africa flag.png|30px|link=|South Africa]] [[GT-8 (105 mm)|GT-8]]<br />
* [[File:Japan flag.png|30px|link=|Japan]] [[JSW (105 mm)|JSW 105/52]] - ''(Japan Steel Works)''<br />
* [[File:Sweden flag.png|30px|link=|Sweden]] [[Kan Bofors (105 mm)|Kan Bofors]]<br />
* [[File:Sweden flag.png|30px|link=|Sweden]] [[Kan Strv 101 (105 mm)|Kan Strv 101]]<br />
* [[File:USA flag.png|30px|link=|United States of America]] [[M68 (105 mm)|M68]]<br />
* [[File:USA flag.png|30px|link=|United States of America]] [[M68A1 (105 mm)|M68A1]]<br />
* [[File:USA flag.png|30px|link=|United States of America]] [[M68A1E8 (105 mm)|M68A1E8]]<br />
* [[File:Italy flag.png|30px|link=|Italy]] [[OTO Melara 105/52 (105 mm)|OTO Melara 105/52]]<br />
* [[File:Italy flag.png|30px|link=|Italy]] [[OTO Melara 105/55 (105 mm)|OTO Melara 105/55]]<br />
* [[File:Israel flag.png|30px|link=|Israel]] [[Sharir (105 mm)|Sharir]]<br />
* [[File:China flag.png|30px|link=|China]] [[Type 83 (105 mm)|Type 83]]<br />
* [[File:China flag.png|30px|link=|China]] [[WMA301 (105 mm)|WMA301]]<br />
* [[File:USA flag.png|30px|link=|United States of America]] [[XM35 (105 mm)|XM35]]<br />
* [[File:China flag.png|30px|link=|China]] [[ZPL94 (105 mm)|ZPL94]]<br />
<br />
== History ==<br />
<!--''Examine the history of the creation and combat usage of the weapon in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the weapon and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Weapon-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>.''--><br />
===Introduction===<br />
During the burning hours of WWII, the allies were developing larger calibre guns to compete against heavily armoured German tanks, which later would be needed against Cold War Soviet tanks. The USA designed and built several heavy tanks during this period most notable was the [[T95]] as well as the [[32pdr OQF (94 mm)]] mounted on the British A39 [[Tortoise]].<br />
<br />
The USA struggled against the Soviet [[IS-3]] and [[IS-4M|IS-4]] with its [[M47]]. This led to the introduction of the [[M103]], a heavy tank designed to counter Soviet heavy tanks. Although it packed an extremely powerful 120 mm cannon, it was too impractical as it required two loaders for separate shell and propellant charge loading. The UK came to the same conclusions as they developed their own heavy tank, the [[Conqueror]], which mounted the US 120 mm gun.<br />
===Development===<br />
With the Hungarian Revolution of 1956, a Soviet T-54A was driven into the British embassy in Budapest by rebelling Hungarians. After a quick inspection of the armour and its gun, British officials deemed that the 20-pounder they used was inadequate to deal with the Soviet standard. <br />
<br />
After these analyses, the United Kingdom adopted the new high-velocity gun, the Royal Ordnance L7, in 1958. This would keep existing [[Centurion (Family)|Centurion tanks]] relevant and capable against the Soviet threat. The design of the L7 was to be fitted into old turret mountings of the 20-pounder, making upgrades to Centurions relatively minimal and cheap. The next production tank that would incorporate the L7 was the up-armoured Mark 7 Centurion in 1958 and every other Centurion that came after it.<br />
== Media ==<br />
''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.''<br />
<br />
== See also ==<br />
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''<br />
<br />
* ''reference to the article about the variant of the cannon/machine gun;''<br />
* ''references to approximate analogues by other nations and research trees.''<br />
<br />
== External links ==<br />
''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''<br />
<br />
* ''topic on the official game forum;''<br />
* ''encyclopedia page on the weapon;''<br />
* ''other literature.''<br />
<br />
{{USA tank cannons}}<br />
{{Germany tank cannons}}<br />
{{Britain tank cannons}}<br />
{{Japan tank cannons}}<br />
{{China tank cannons}}<br />
{{Italy tank cannons}}<br />
{{Sweden tank cannons}}<br />
[[Category:Family pages]]</div>U29417738https://wiki.warthunder.com/index.php?title=L30A1_(120_mm)&diff=117151L30A1 (120 mm)2021-12-10T10:08:13Z<p>U29417738: /* Pros and cons */</p>
<hr />
<div>== Description ==<br />
''Write an introduction to the article in 2-3 small paragraphs. Briefly tell us about the history of the development and combat using the weaponry and also about its features. Compile a list of air, ground, or naval vehicles that feature this weapon system in the game.''<br />
<br />
=== Vehicles equipped with this weapon ===<br />
<!-- ''List out vehicles that are equipped with the weapon.'' --><br />
<br />
* {{Specs-Link|uk_challenger_II}}<br />
* {{Specs-Link|uk_challenger_2_dorchester}}<br />
<br />
== General info ==<br />
''Tell us about the tactical and technical characteristics of the cannon or machine gun.''<br />
<br />
=== Available ammunition ===<br />
''Describe the shells that are available for the weapon and their features and purpose. If it concerns autocannons or machine guns, write about different ammo belts and what is inside (which types of shells).''<br />
<br />
The gun has access to three variants of kinetic rounds, a chemical shell and a smoke shell. Additionally, the turret has one co-axial and an AA machine gun, both of which are 7.62mm calibre.<br />
<br />
The three kinetic rounds it has access to are:<br />
<br />
* Shot L23A1 - APFSDS<br />
* Shot L26 - APFSDS<br />
* Shot L27A1 - APFSDS<br />
<br />
These three rounds are all long-rod penetrators, which is characterised by low spalling creation on penetration but a much higher penetration value and is more consistent than its HEATFS counterpart, especially against ERA. The three rounds all act rather similarly, with one of the main benefits from upgrading being the higher penetration, and in regards to the L23A1, the other two rounds have a higher muzzle velocity. This higher penetration makes it easier to target the existing weak spots (turret mantlet, drivers port on Russian MBTs). One can reasonably expect to only bring kinetic rounds into the battle and have no problem dealing with any opponent.<br />
<br />
The only chemical round the L30 has is the shell L31A7, a High Explosive Squash Head (HESH) round. This round excels at achieving penetration on highly sloped targets, such as the top of Russian MBTs turrets, Leopards upper frontal plates, etc. Using the round against ERA-equipped targets is inadvisable. Due to the hull break mechanic, these rounds are extremely effective, and help players remedy to situations when the kinetic round does not penetrate through the engine from the front (on BMPs, Begleitpanzers, etc.) or when shooting lighter vehicles in the side and failing to eliminate enough crew members or ammo to destroy the target. The round has 6.5 kg of explosive equivalent, and as such has a much reduced muzzle velocity, so using the laser rangefinder at longer ranges is recommended.<br />
<br />
The tank also has access to a smoke round, the L34, which has a 20 m radius, and the round's effect lasts 30 seconds, with 5 seconds to fully deploy and 25 seconds of full smoke cover. The round has the same weight and muzzle velocity as the HESH.<br />
<br />
=== Comparison with analogues ===<br />
''Give a comparative description of cannons/machine guns that have firepower equal to this weapon.''<br />
<br />
== Usage in battles ==<br />
The gun is extremely accurate at all ranges, and with 1,650 m/s of muzzle velocity, is quite easy to aim. Due to the optics of the gun, sniping is extremely viable on almost all maps, and locating weak spots on far away enemies is also easy. The gun is capable of punching through the front of most top tier rivals at several points, the most common being the lower frontal plate, mantlet, and driver's port on some tanks. Due to the potency of the gun, fighting Russian MBTs is made easy as the rotary autoloading ammo rack below the turret will be set off if hit, and can be hit from all sides. Against Leopards and Abrams, the gun has enough penetration to punch through the turret ring. The HESH is also potent against light vehicles and some MBTs without ERA on the sides or turret roof. As expected, shooting for strong points, such as turret cheeks or upper front plates, will not provide a penetration.<br />
<br />
=== Pros and cons ===<br />
'''Pros:'''<br />
<br />
* The gun is extremely accurate at all ranges.<br />
* The L27A1 is an extremely competitive round for the BR, in penetration and muzzle velocity.<br />
* The HESH round has plenty of explosive filler for soft targets.<br />
* Very quick reload of 5 seconds (aced crew)<br />
* Access to gun launched smoke shells (rare amongst top tier vehicles)<br />
* Great optics - high zoom, wide FOV and second generation thermal sights<br />
<br />
'''Cons:'''<br />
<br />
* HESH rounds have low muzzle velocity.<br />
* Lower versatility than some smoothbore guns at the same BR, lacking any ATGM, HEAT-FS or Proximity rounds.<br />
* Lower penetration than contemporary and enemy tanks<br />
* 4 round ready-racks - sustained firing depletes it very fast<br />
<br />
== History ==<br />
''Examine the history of the creation and combat usage of the weapon in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the weapon and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Weapon-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>.''<br />
<br />
== Media ==<br />
''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.''<br />
<br />
== See also ==<br />
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''<br />
<br />
* ''reference to the article about the variant of the cannon/machine gun;''<br />
* ''references to approximate analogues by other nations and research trees.''<br />
<br />
== External links ==<br />
''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''<br />
<br />
* ''topic on the official game forum;''<br />
* ''other literature.''<br />
<br />
{{Britain tank cannons}}<br />
<br />
[[Category:Tank cannons]]</div>U29417738https://wiki.warthunder.com/index.php?title=M256_(120_mm)&diff=117150M256 (120 mm)2021-12-10T10:04:14Z<p>U29417738: /* Pros and cons */</p>
<hr />
<div>== Description ==<br />
<!--''Write an introduction to the article in 2-3 small paragraphs. Briefly tell us about the history of the development and combat using the weaponry and also about its features. Compile a list of air, ground, or naval vehicles that feature this weapon system in the game.''--><br />
The '''120 mm M256''' is an American tank cannon used in its top rank vehicles. It is most famously used by the American M1 Abrams series of tanks since its installation in the [[M1A1 Abrams]] model, though it has saw usage in older American tanks like the [[M60 AMBT|M60]] main battle tank.<br />
<br />
It is based off the [[Rh120 L/44 (120 mm)|Rheinmetall L/44 cannon]], though it is license-produced in America with a simplified design.<br />
<br />
=== Vehicles equipped with this weapon ===<br />
<!-- ''List out vehicles that are equipped with the weapon.'' --><br />
<br />
* {{Specs-Link|us_m60a3_slep}}<br />
* {{Specs-Link|us_m1a1_abrams}}<br />
* {{Specs-Link|us_m1a1_hc_abrams}}<br />
* {{Specs-Link|us_m1a2_abrams}}<br />
<br />
== General info ==<br />
''Tell us about the tactical and technical characteristics of the cannon or machine gun.''<br />
<br />
=== Available ammunition ===<br />
<!-- ''Describe the shells that are available for the weapon and their features and purpose. If it concerns autocannons or machine guns, write about different ammo belts and what is inside (which types of shells).'' --><br />
<br />
'''American ammunition'''<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"<br />
! colspan="8" | Penetration statistics<br />
|-<br />
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition<br />
! rowspan="2" | Type of<br>warhead<br />
! colspan="6" | Penetration @ 0° Angle of Attack (mm)<br />
|-<br />
! 10 m !! 100 m !! 500 m !! 1,000 m !! 1,500 m !! 2,000 m<br />
|-<br />
| M830 || HEATFS || 480 || 480 || 480 || 480 || 480 || 480<br />
|-<br />
| M830A1 || HEATFS || 350 || 350 || 350 || 350 || 350 || 350<br />
|-<br />
| M829 || APFSDS || 491 || 488 || 481 || 473 || 464 || 454<br />
|-<br />
| M829A1 || APFSDS || 598 || 596 || 589 || 580 || 570 || 560<br />
|-<br />
| M829A2 || APFSDS || 629 || 627 || 619 || 610 || 601 || 590<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"<br />
! colspan="10" | Shell details<br />
|-<br />
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition<br />
! rowspan="2" | Type of<br>warhead<br />
! rowspan="2" | Velocity<br>(m/s)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Projectile<br>Mass (kg)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Fuse delay<br>(m)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Fuse sensitivity<br>(mm)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Explosive Mass<br>(TNT equivalent) (g)<br />
! colspan="3" | Ricochet<br />
|-<br />
! 0% !! 50% !! 100%<br />
|-<br />
| M830 || HEATFS || 1,140 || 13.1 || 0.05 || 0.1 || 2,360 || 65° || 72° || 77°<br />
|-<br />
| M830A1 || HEATFS || 1,410 || 11.4 || 0.05 || 0.1 || 1,390 || 65° || 72° || 77°<br />
|-<br />
| M829 || APFSDS || 1,670 || 3.94 || N/A || N/A || N/A || 78° || 80° || 81°<br />
|-<br />
| M829A1 || APFSDS || 1,569 || 4.64 || N/A || N/A || N/A || 78° || 80° || 81°<br />
|-<br />
| M829A2 || APFSDS || 1,680 || 4.64 || N/A || N/A || N/A || 78° || 80° || 81°<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
'''Export ammunition'''<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"<br />
! colspan="8" | Penetration statistics<br />
|-<br />
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition<br />
! rowspan="2" | Type of<br>warhead<br />
! colspan="6" | Penetration @ 0° Angle of Attack (mm)<br />
|-<br />
! 10 m !! 100 m !! 500 m !! 1,000 m !! 1,500 m !! 2,000 m<br />
|-<br />
| KE-W || APFSDS || 583 || 579 || 569 || 556 || 542 || 528<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"<br />
! colspan="10" | Shell details<br />
|-<br />
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition<br />
! rowspan="2" | Type of<br>warhead<br />
! rowspan="2" | Velocity<br>(m/s)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Projectile<br>Mass (kg)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Fuse delay<br>(m)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Fuse sensitivity<br>(mm)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Explosive Mass<br>(TNT equivalent) (g)<br />
! colspan="3" | Ricochet<br />
|-<br />
! 0% !! 50% !! 100%<br />
|-<br />
| KE-W || APFSDS || 1,585 || 4 || N/A || N/A || N/A || 78° || 80° || 81°<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
=== Comparison with analogues ===<br />
<!-- ''Give a comparative description of cannons/machine guns that have firepower equal to this weapon.'' --><br />
<br />
* [[File:Germany_flag.png|25px|link=]] [[Rh120 L/44 (120 mm)]] - The original basis of the M256, the Rh120 L/44 matches many aspects of the American gun down to the reload rate. However, the M256 is vastly superior in APFSDS penetration performance due to the M829A1 round.<br />
* [[File:Germany_flag.png|25px|link=]] [[Rh120 L/55 (120 mm)]] - An elongated version of the Rh120 L/44, the L/55 can exceed the M256 in APFSDS penetration and muzzle velocity values, but suffers in reload time.<br />
* [[File:USSR_flag.png|25px|link=]] [[2A46M-5 (125 mm)]] - This Russian cannon is the only one in the tech tree able to come close to the M256 in APFSDS performance, but is still lacking and has a longer reload time than the M256. However, all of its chemical rounds are superior compared to the HEAT-FS the M256 can fire.<br />
* [[File:Britain_flag.png|25px|link=]] [[L30A1 (120 mm)]] - This British cannon comes close to the M256 in terms of APFSDS penetrations alongside a slightly faster reload rate. However the only alternative chemical weapon is HESH, which means the gun must choose to focus in the armor-piercing capabilities of the APFSDS rounds or in the explosive powers of the HESH to do its damage.<br />
* [[File:Japan_flag.png|25px|link=]] [[Type 90 L/44 (120 mm)]] - Another license-production version of the Rh120 L/44, this Japanese cannon is severely lacking compared to the M829A1 round fired by the M256. However, the gun's weapon platform in the Type 90 tanks have autoloaders to allow a way faster firing rate compared to Rh120 and M256 tanks.<br />
* [[File:China_flag.png|25px|link=]] [[ZPT98 (125 mm)]] - Like the Russian 2A46M-5, though this Chinese cannon has a much better APFSDS round available at the cost of a longer reload and no gun-launched ATGM available.<br />
* [[File:Italy_flag.png|25px|link=]] [[OTO Breda 120/44 (120 mm)]] - This Italian tank cannon fires the fastest and hardest-hitting APFSDS round out of a 120 mm L/44 cannon, despite having similar handling characteristics as the M256.<br />
* [[File:France_flag.png|25px|link=]] [[GIAT CN120-26 F1 (120 mm)]] - This French tank cannon has slightly lower APFSDS performance than the M829A1 round, but has a reload rate of 6 seconds between round. Otherwise, performance are quite similar in terms of HEAT-FS performance.<br />
* [[File:Sweden_flag.png|25px|link=]] [[Kan Strv 122 (120 mm)]] - See Rh120 L/44 entry due to near-identical performances.<br />
<br />
== Usage in battles ==<br />
''Describe the cannon/machine gun in the game - its distinctive features, tactics of usage against notable opponents. Please don't write a "guide" - do not impose a single point of view, but give the reader food for thought.''<br />
<br />
=== Pros and cons ===<br />
<!-- ''Summarise and briefly evaluate the weaponry in terms of its characteristics and combat effectiveness. Mark pros and cons as a list.'' --><br />
<br />
'''Pros:'''<br />
<br />
* M829, KE-W (on the M60 AMBT), M829A1 (on the M1A1 HC) and M829A2 (on the M1A2) are amongst the most powerful shells in the game, with M829A2 having the second highest penetration after the German DM53.<br />
* The M256 on the M1A2 Abrams has access to the high velocity, proximity-fused M830A1 {{Annotation|HEAT-MP|High-explosive anti-tank multi-purpose}} shell, enabling the M1A2 to engage helicopters and low flying aircraft.<br />
* Reload is comparable to other NATO MBTs - 7.8 seconds stock and 6 seconds with an aced crew.<br />
* Relatively wide selection of shells - M829 and M830 on the M1A1, M829, M829A1, M830 and M830A1 on the M1A1 HC, M829, M829A2, M830 and M830A1 on the M1A2 Abrams. The M60 AMBT gets access to the powerful KE-W APFSDS shell (which is a tungsten based M829A1 shell, without the depleted uranium tip) and the M830 HEAT-FS shell.<br />
* M830A1 is the fastest HEAT based shell in the game with a muzzle velocity of 1,400 m/s.<br />
* Extremely high muzzle velocity on M829, KE-W, M829A1 and M829A2 makes longe range sniping a satisfying experience - M829A2 has the highest muzzle velocity out of the 5 shells available.<br />
* Great gun handling characteristics - the gun elevates towards +20 and depresses towards -10 very quickly.<br />
* Very effective stabiliser - does not stop working at high speeds.<br />
<br />
'''Cons:'''<br />
<br />
* Poor stock grind - enemy tanks are very capable of withstanding M830 HEAT-FS.<br />
* M830A1 is not effective against enemy MBTs - it only has 350 mm of chemical-based penetration.<br />
* The M256 on the M1A1 Abrams and M60 AMBT do not get access to the M829A1 APFSDS shell and the M830A1 HEAT-MP shell.<br />
* M830A1 needs to travel a certain distance to arm the fuse - unable to engage helicopters at close range, except for a direct hit.<br />
* Average reload for a NATO tank. The reload time is equal to the Leopard 2A5/6, the Strv 122's, the Ariete's, and the Leclerc's. An aced Challenger 2 and Challenger 2 (2F) can beat you by a full second, the Type 90 and Type 90 (B) (due to their autoloader) by a full 2 or 3 seconds, depending on your crewskill<br />
* M830A1 self-destructs at 4.5 kilometres - helicopters can engage the M1A2 way beyond that range.<br />
* M830A1 requires a direct hit for maximum effectiveness - near hits result in little to no damage to the enemy target<br />
<br />
== History ==<br />
<!-- ''Examine the history of the creation and combat usage of the weapon in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the weapon and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Weapon-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>.'' --><br />
In 1972, as the a replacement to the cancelled [[MBT-70]] and [[XM-803]] was beginning development by Chrysler and GM, a 120 mm smoothbore gun had been considered. However, the developing gun by West Germany was not expected to be produced in time to meet the scheduled production timeline, and so the [[M68 (105 mm)|105 mm M68]] was retained as the main armament for the upcoming design.<ref name="AbramsHunnicuttpg1">Hunnicutt 1990, p.163</ref> In 1976, during the decision on which company will receive the contract to produce the XM-1 tank, a separate decision was made for the tank to be able to accommodate a 120 mm gun in the future, either the British 120 mm rifled gun or the German smoothbore gun. On October 28th, the XM-1 designs were modified with this new requirement.<ref name="AbramsHunnicuttpg2">Hunnicutt 1990, p.190</ref> Chrysler eventually won the contract to produce the tanks, but they were armed with the [[M68A1 (105 mm)|105 mm M68A1]].<br />
[[File:M256 diagram.png|x50px|right|thumb|none|A diagram image of the M256 cannon.]]<br />
<br />
The German [[Rh120 L/44 (120 mm)|Rheinmetall 120 mm]] was eventually chosen to become the next tank armament for US tanks. Receiving a license to produce it, the Watervliet Arsenal produced the Rheinmetall cannon as the '''M256'''.<ref name="AbramsHunnicuttpg3">Hunnicutt 1990, p.224</ref> With the original Rheinmetall design considered overly complex and expensive, the M256 had been redesigned with fewer parts.<ref name="AbramsZalogapg1">Zaloga 1993, p.10</ref><br />
<br />
== Media ==<br />
''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.''<br />
<br />
== See also ==<br />
<!-- ''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''<br />
* ''reference to the article about the variant of the cannon/machine gun;''<br />
* ''references to approximate analogues by other nations and research trees.'' --><br />
<br />
* [[Rh120 L/44 (120 mm)]] - The cannon the M256 was based off of.<br />
<br />
== External links ==<br />
<!-- ''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''<br />
* ''topic on the official game forum;''<br />
* ''encyclopedia page on the weapon;''<br />
* ''other literature.'' --><br />
<br />
* [https://www.inetres.com/gp/military/cv/weapon/M256.html [inetres<nowiki>.com]</nowiki> Gary's Combat Vehicle Reference Guide - M256 120mm Smoothbore Gun]<br />
<br />
===References===<br />
<br />
;Citations<br />
<references /><br />
<br />
;Bibliography<br />
<br />
* Hunnicutt, R.P. ''Abrams: A History of the American Main Battle Tank.'' Presidio Press, 1990<br />
* Zaloga, Steven. ''M1 Abrams Main Battle Tank 1982-1992.'' Osprey Publishing Ltd., 1993<br />
<br />
{{USA tank cannons}}<br />
<br />
[[Category:Tank cannons]]</div>U29417738https://wiki.warthunder.com/index.php?title=Ariete&diff=117149Ariete2021-12-10T09:27:20Z<p>U29417738: /* Pros and cons */</p>
<hr />
<div>{{About<br />
| about = Italian MBT '''{{PAGENAME}}'''<br />
| usage = other versions<br />
| link = Ariete (Family)<br />
}}<br />
{{Specs-Card<br />
|code=it_c1_ariete<br />
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
== Description ==<br />
<!-- ''In the description, the first part should be about the history of the creation and combat usage of the vehicle, as well as its key features. In the second part, tell the reader about the ground vehicle in the game. Insert a screenshot of the vehicle, so that if the novice player does not remember the vehicle by name, he will immediately understand what kind of vehicle the article is talking about.'' --><br />
The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} Italian medium tank {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.89 "Imperial Navy"]].<br />
<br />
== General info ==<br />
=== Survivability and armour ===<br />
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}<br />
<!-- ''Describe armour protection. Note the most well protected and key weak areas. Appreciate the layout of modules as well as the number and location of crew members. Is the level of armour protection sufficient, is the placement of modules helpful for survival in combat? If necessary use a visual template to indicate the most secure and weak zones of the armour.'' --><br />
<br />
The C1 Ariete is the least armoured top tier MBT currently in the game but that does not mean it has no armour to speak of. The turret front is decently protected especially with the WAR kit modification allowing it to stop all APFSDS rounds fired from guns smaller than 120mm as well as most of the weaker 120mm APFSDS rounds such as the 3BM22, L23A1 and DM13. The WAR kit also makes the turret invulnerable to all HEAT threats except for tandem ATGMs. The mantlet on the Ariete is not too large but it will be your weak spot from the front but that is also true for all other MBTs. The gunner and commander sit on the left side of the turret while the loader sits on the right, and the large optics block on the left side of the turret can occasionally save your gunner and commander by soaking up the post penetration damage.<br />
<br />
Unfortunately that's where the armour ends, the hull is one large weak spot with a huge LFP consisting of just one angled 50mm plate that won't stop anything fired at you even from 8.7 vehicles; while the UFP is made out of spaced armour that can only stop auto-cannon rounds or 105mm APDS shells. Shots through the hull will most likely take out the tank immediately, a shot on the left side of the hull front would take out the driver, gunner and commander, while a shot to the right side would hit the first stage ammo rack. Like most top tier vehicles, the tank sides offer little protection, though the fuel tanks in the side of the hull might soak up the occasional HEAT round but it isn't something you can rely on. Ultimately, it is advised to play this tank away from the front lines sniping whenever possible peaking from behind cover to maximize the use of your turret armour.<br />
<br />
'''Armour type:'''<br />
<br />
* Rolled homogeneous armour (hull, turret, internal plates)<br />
* High-hardness rolled armour (hull UFP, turret front)<br />
* Composite armour (turret front)<br />
* Spaced armour (hull UFP, gun mantlet, turret sides)<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|-<br />
!'''Armour'''!!'''Front (Slope angle)'''!!'''Sides'''!!'''Rear'''!!'''Roof'''<br />
|-<br />
|Hull||{{Annotation|Spaced Armour|70 mm High hardness rolled armour + 80 mm Air + 40 mm High hardness rolled armour}} ''Upper glacis'' <br> 50 mm (50°) ''Lower glacis'' <br> 35 mm (60°) ''Sponson front''|| 10-20 mm ''Top'' <br> 35 mm ''Bottom'' || 20 mm || 35 mm ''Crew compartment'' <br> 20 mm ''Engine compartment'' <br> 5 mm ''Exhaust radiators''<br />
|-<br />
|Turret||{{Annotation|Composite armour|20 mm High hardness rolled armour + 80 mm Air + 20 mm High hardness rolled armour + 220 mm External composite armour with NERA elements + 100 mm Rolled homogeneous armour}} ''Turret front'' <br> {{Annotation|Spaced armour|20 mm High hardness rolled armour + 140 mm Air + 20 mm High hardness rolled armour}} + 90 mm ''Gun mantlet'' || {{Annotation|Spaced armour|20 mm Rolled homogeneous armour + 140 mm Air + 40 mm Rolled homogeneous armour}}||20 mm + 10 mm || 40 mm ''Front portion''<br />
20 mm ''Rear portion''<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
'''Internal armour:'''<br />
<br />
* 20 mm - Upper hull sides<br />
* 35 mm - Upper hull sides<br />
* 10 mm - Between driver and hull ammo rack<br />
* 8 mm - Between crew and engine compartments<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
! '''Composite/spaced armour''' !! '''Front''' !! '''Sides'''<br />
|-<br />
| Hull || '''''Upper glacis''''' <br> 300 - 400+ mm ''Chemical'' <br> 235 - 300+ mm ''Kinetic'' || N/A<br />
|-<br />
| Turret || '''''Turret front''''' <br> 520 - 600+ mm ''Chemical'' <br> 380 - 400+ mm ''Kinetic'' <br> '''''Gun mantlet''''' <br> 210 - 530+ mm ''Chemical'' <br> 175 - 400+ mm ''Kinetic'' || '''''Turret side''''' <br> 45 - 400+ mm ''Chemical'' <br> 45 - 225+ mm ''Kinetic''<br />
|}<br />
'''Notes:'''<br />
<br />
*Tracks and suspension - 20 mm<br />
*Sideskirts - 12 mm<br />
*Fenders - 5 mm<br />
*There is a 10 mm composite screen on the turret roof<br />
<br />
=== Mobility ===<br />
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}<br />
<!-- ''Write about the mobility of the ground vehicle. Estimate the specific power and manoeuvrability, as well as the maximum speed forwards and backwards.'' --><br />
<br />
{{tankMobility|abMinHp=1,761|rbMinHp=1,150|AoAweight=1}}<br />
<br />
=== Modifications and economy ===<br />
{{Specs-Economy}}<br />
<br />
== Armaments ==<br />
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}<br />
=== Main armament ===<br />
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}<br />
<!-- ''Give the reader information about the characteristics of the main gun. Assess its effectiveness in a battle based on the reloading speed, ballistics and the power of shells. Do not forget about the flexibility of the fire, that is how quickly the cannon can be aimed at the target, open fire on it and aim at another enemy. Add a link to the main article on the gun: <code><nowiki>{{main|Name of the weapon}}</nowiki></code>. Describe in general terms the ammunition available for the main gun. Give advice on how to use them and how to fill the ammunition storage.'' --><br />
{{main|OTO Breda 120/44 (120 mm)}}<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="5" | [[OTO Breda 120/44 (120 mm)|120 mm OTO Breda 120/44]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)<br />
|-<br />
! Mode !! Capacity !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer<br />
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced<br />
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced<br />
|-<br />
! ''Arcade''<br />
| rowspan="2" | 42 || rowspan="2" | -9°/+20° || rowspan="2" | ±180° || rowspan="2" | Two-plane || 38.1 || 52.7 || 64.0 || 70.8 || 75.3 || rowspan="2" | 7.80 || rowspan="2" | 6.90 || rowspan="2" | 6.36 || rowspan="2" | 6.00<br />
|-<br />
! ''Realistic''<br />
| 23.8 || 28.0 || 34.0 || 37.6 || 40.0<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==== Ammunition ====<br />
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"<br />
! colspan="8" | Penetration statistics<br />
|-<br />
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition<br />
! rowspan="2" | Type of<br>warhead<br />
! colspan="6" | Penetration @ 0° Angle of Attack (mm)<br />
|-<br />
! 10 m !! 100 m !! 500 m !! 1,000 m !! 1,500 m !! 2,000 m<br />
|-<br />
| DM12A1 || HEATFS || 480 || 480 || 480 || 480 || 480 || 480<br />
|-<br />
| DM33 || APFSDS || 481 || 478 || 470 || 461 || 450 || 440<br />
|-<br />
| CL3143 || APFSDS || 589 || 586 || 577 || 565 || 553 || 541<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"<br />
! colspan="10" | Shell details<br />
|-<br />
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition<br />
! rowspan="2" | Type of<br>warhead<br />
! rowspan="2" | Velocity<br>(m/s)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Projectile<br>Mass (kg)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Fuse delay<br>(m)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Fuse sensitivity<br>(mm)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Explosive Mass<br>(TNT equivalent) (g)<br />
! colspan="3" | Ricochet<br />
|-<br />
! 0% !! 50% !! 100%<br />
|-<br />
| DM12A1 || HEATFS || 1,140 || 13.5 || 0.05 || 0.1 || 2,150 || 65° || 72° || 77°<br />
|-<br />
| DM33 || APFSDS || 1,640 || 4.3 || N/A || N/A || N/A || 78° || 80° || 81°<br />
|-<br />
| CL3143 || APFSDS || 1,705 || 5.6 || N/A || N/A || N/A || 78° || 80° || 81°<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==== [[Ammo racks]] ====<br />
[[File:Ammoracks_Ariete_(P).png|right|thumb|x250px|[[Ammo racks]] of the {{PAGENAME}}]]<br />
<!-- '''Last updated: 2.5.0.23''' --><br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"<br />
|-<br />
! Full<br>ammo<br />
! 1st<br>rack empty<br />
! 2nd<br>rack empty<br />
! Visual<br>discrepancy<br />
|-<br />
| '''42''' || 16&nbsp;''(+26)'' || 1&nbsp;''(+41)'' || No<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
Notes:<br />
<br />
* Shells are modeled individually and disappear after having been shot or loaded.<br />
* Rack 2 is a first stage ammo rack. It totals 15 shells and gets filled first when loading up the tank.<br />
* Simply not firing when the gun is loaded will move ammo from rack 1 into rack 2. Firing will interrupt the restocking of the ready rack.<br />
<br />
=== Machine guns ===<br />
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|2}}<br />
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|3}}<br />
<!-- ''Offensive and anti-aircraft machine guns not only allow you to fight some aircraft but also are effective against lightly armoured vehicles. Evaluate machine guns and give recommendations on its use.'' --><br />
{{main|Beretta MG42/59 (7.62 mm)}}<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="5" | [[Beretta MG42/59 (7.62 mm)|7.62 mm Beretta MG42/59]]<br />
|-<br />
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal<br />
|-<br />
| Coaxial || 4,500 (200) || 1,200 || N/A || N/A<br />
|-<br />
| Pintle (Commander) - R || 2,000 (200) || 1,200 || -8°/+60° || ±120°<br />
|-<br />
| Pintle (Loader) - L || 2,000 (200) || 1,200 || -8°/+60° || ±120°<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
== Usage in battles ==<br />
<!-- ''Describe the tactics of playing in the vehicle, the features of using vehicles in the team and advice on tactics. Refrain from creating a "guide" - do not impose a single point of view but instead give the reader food for thought. Describe the most dangerous enemies and give recommendations on fighting them. If necessary, note the specifics of the game in different modes (AB, RB, SB).'' --><br />
<br />
The C1 Ariete has access to a decent round, the CL3143, and with the WAR add-on armour installed, can also protect itself against some 125 mm APFSDS and the majority of low level IFV autocannon fire. The best playstyle for the Ariete, especially when you are just starting out with it, would be more a supportive one, such as flanking manoeuvres or to stick with your better armoured teammates who can withstand hits such as Leopards 2A6. The Ariete being one of the weakest top tier MBTs for its battle rating, it is advised to keep your distance and try pick enemies from far away. With the CL3143 round, you can easily take out the majority of enemies with one hit if you aim right. Most top tier MBT weak spots at the front are the lower front of the vehicle. If you manage to flank the enemy team, go for the sides or where the ammunition is stored as that also will usually get rid of an enemy quickly. When you have unlocked the WAR add-on armour kit, you have more chances to play hull down which will greatly increase your overall effectiveness on the battlefield, as you'll be able to withstand some shots coming your way. Remember that in Arcade Battles, enemies can easily find out where you are with your name tag and where your weak spots are. The Ariete also has access to commanders thermals, something the previous vehicle (Ariete (P)) did not have. This will be one of the most useful items in your arsenal and will allow you to better spot enemies from behind cover, as well as quickly engage and disengage without exposing yourself long enough for the enemy to see you coming. If you can master this technique, you'll be able to still be useful despite being at a disadvantage.<br />
<br />
=== Pros and cons ===<br />
<!-- ''Summarise and briefly evaluate the vehicle in terms of its characteristics and combat effectiveness. Mark its pros and cons in a bulleted list. Try not to use more than 6 points for each of the characteristics. Avoid using categorical definitions such as "bad", "good" and the like - use substitutions with softer forms such as "inadequate" and "effective".'' --><br />
<br />
'''Pros:'''<br />
<br />
* The DM33 APFSDS round is a tier 1 modification<br />
* The turret cheeks are reasonably armoured against HEAT-FS below 125 mm, especially with the War kit modification equipped<br />
* Decent mobility forwards<br />
* The commander has access to thermal sights, and both gunner and commander thermals are Gen 2 (higher resolution)<br />
* Outstanding gun handling characteristics<br />
* Quick and responsive reverse<br />
* Fairly decent and reactive mobility at medium to high speeds<br />
* Quick neutral steering<br />
* CL3143, combined with great thermals and a laser rangefinder make for an exceptionally deadly sniper<br />
* Unlike other NATO MBTs, there is no ammo rack in the turret bustle: a penetration in the turret rarely destroys the tank in one shot<br />
<br />
'''Cons:'''<br />
<br />
* Hull armour almost non-existent<br />
* Placement of crew members and first stage ammo rack make hits to the hull fatal<br />
* The lack of armour is not counteracted by improved mobility, the mobility is average for a rank VII ground vehicle<br />
* The stock ammunition is HEATFS, the CL3143 round is a tier 4 modification<br />
* The War kit armour package is a tier 4 modification<br />
* The War kit armour package only increases chemical protection, with missiles and 125 mm HEAT-FS still able to penetrate<br />
* Transmission makes low speed manoeuvring sluggish<br />
* Russian tanks, protected by CONTACT-5 ERA, can withstand CL3143 directly on the ERA blocks<br />
* CL3143 isn't as powerful now as it once was - significantly reduced penetration<br />
<br />
== History ==<br />
<!-- ''Describe the history of the creation and combat usage of the vehicle in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the vehicle and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Vehicle-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>. This section may also include the vehicle's dev blog entry (if applicable) and the in-game encyclopedia description (under <code><nowiki>=== In-game description ===</nowiki></code>, also if applicable).'' --><br />
The history of the C1 Ariete begins during the late stages of the Cold War, with a program born out of the need of the Italian army to modernize the fleet of tanks they had during the Cold War, which were the Leopards and M60s. Those tanks would be considered obsolete, considering the fact that many countries around the world who adopted such designs had either put them out of service or replaced them for something more modern. To make the new Italian MBT, Italy put Iveco and OTO Melara in charge. Iveco dealt with the hull, transmission, and engine, while OTO Melara took care of the turret, cannon, and the installation of sights. After many changes, and a couple of wooden mock-ups, the C1 Ariete (P), would first be shown to the public, at a presentation inside of La Spezia in 1987. Development kept on continuing towards the year of 1990, which allowed both Iveco and OTO Melara to refine the C1 Ariete's design. Deliveries were scheduled to first take place in 1993, however due to some setbacks (likely funding) it wouldn't be until 1995 that the first C1 Ariete production deliveries actually took place. At first an order of 300 tanks would be made, but due to the Cold War coming to an end, it was reduced to only 200 units, which would all finally be delivered on 7th August 2002.<br />
<br />
The C1 Ariete had many new advancements that the previous tanks that Italy used could only dream of having. The first C1 Ariete production models had access to the TURMS 3rd generation LTFCS made by Officine Galileo, which gave the capability to the Ariete to fire on the move, both during the day and at night. However later down the line, the last 50 Arietes would receive an upgrade of their sights, which resulted in many improvements, such as giving the C1 Ariete commanders thermal imaging. In terms of armaments, the C1 Ariete (P) and C1 Ariete Production have access to a 120 mm smoothbore gun, made by OTO Melara, with similarities to the German made L44. The Ariete can fire all NATO standard munitions, however as of now the best round that is known the vehicle has in service, would be the CL3143 APFSDS, which is a license-produced version of the M332 Israeli-made round. In 2010 there were plans to buy M338 APFSDS for the C1 Ariete, which was basically DM43 with an improved cap, but nothing came out of it, however as previously mentioned before, if need be the C1 Ariete can fire the majority of NATO standard munitions. The C1 Ariete's armour is currently classified, as it is currently still in service, however CIO (Consorzio Iveco-Oto Melara) claim that it is a mix of steel and composite on both the hull and turret. Most experts claim that the C1 Ariete, at least the first production models, had similar if not better protection than a Leopard 2A4, this does hold some truth as both tanks were designed around the same time.<br />
<br />
Currently there are 3 known upgrades to the C1 Ariete armour, one of which was first shown in 2002 in the form of a mock-up of the "C2 Ariete", though the planned upgrades never came into fruition. However a couple of C1 production Arietes would later be equipped and tested with the add-on armour package known as "WAR". As the name implies, the new pack was made for war scenarios, and is said to stop a lot of APFSDS rounds from actually entering the tank, giving a new elevated protection to both the tank and the crew. The second armour upgrade would come in the form of the "PSO" kit (Peace Support Operation), which would add new composite add-on armour to the sides of the C1 Ariete. The Ariete PSO was deployed during Operation Ancient Babylon in Iraq. And last but not least, recently it was discovered that a mix of WAR+PSO was tested on the C1 Ariete, although little to no information is available on this upgrade. There is one upgrade that is in the works, known as the C1 Ariete AMV, standing for "Ammodernamento di Mezza Vita" (English: "mid life update"). This new update is said to bring the C1 Ariete up to standard; planned upgrades include a new modern sight and thermal system made by Leonardo, active protection systems, better armour, new engine, and much more. The first 3 AMV prototypes are said to be complete by the end of 2021. In terms of service, the C1 Ariete has partaken in many peace-keeping operations around the globe, such as in Yugoslavia, Iraq, and now currently being used in Latvia for NATO's Enhanced Forward Presence mission.<br />
<br />
== Media ==<br />
<!-- ''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.'' --><br />
<br />
;Skins<br />
<br />
* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=it_c1_ariete Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]<br />
<br />
;Videos<br />
{{Youtube-gallery|ifv05cSErOc|'''The Shooting Range #152''' - ''Metal Beasts'' section at 00:35 discusses the Ariete.}}<br />
<br />
== See also ==<br />
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''<br />
<br />
* ''reference to the series of the vehicles;''<br />
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''<br />
<br />
== External links ==<br />
''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''<br />
<br />
* ''topic on the official game forum;''<br />
* ''other literature.''<br />
<br />
{{TankManufacturer OTO Melara}}<br />
{{Italy medium tanks}}</div>U29417738https://wiki.warthunder.com/index.php?title=M1A2_Abrams&diff=117148M1A2 Abrams2021-12-10T09:25:20Z<p>U29417738: /* Pros and cons */</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Specs-Card<br />
|code=us_m1a2_abrams<br />
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
== Description ==<br />
<!-- ''In the description, the first part should be about the history of the creation and combat usage of the vehicle, as well as its key features. In the second part, tell the reader about the ground vehicle in the game. Insert a screenshot of the vehicle, so that if the novice player does not remember the vehicle by name, he will immediately understand what kind of vehicle the article is talking about.'' --><br />
The '''{{Specs|name}}''' (shortened to '''{{Specs|pseudonym}}''') is a rank {{Specs|rank}} American medium tank {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.93 "Shark Attack"]] as the top researchable vehicle in the US Ground Forces tech tree. The M1A2 introduces heavy depleted uranium armour and a commander's thermal sight.<br />
<br />
== General info ==<br />
=== Survivability and armour ===<br />
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}<br />
<!-- ''Describe armour protection. Note the most well protected and key weak areas. Appreciate the layout of modules as well as the number and location of crew members. Is the level of armour protection sufficient, is the placement of modules helpful for survival in combat? If necessary use a visual template to indicate the most secure and weak zones of the armour.'' --><br />
<br />
[[File:M1A2 armour scheme.png|thumbnail|The M1A2's frontal KE protection vs 3BM42 at 500 metres]]<br />
[[File:M1A2 CE armour scheme.png|thumbnail|The M1A2's frontal CE protection vs MIM-146]]<br />
<br />
The M1A2's armour is a massive improvement in comparison to its predecessor, the [[M1A1 Abrams|M1A1]], and is the first Abrams in the game to be equipped with depleted uranium composite armour, located behind the turret cheeks of the tank. The protection afforded with the use of depleted uranium amounts to roughly over 300 mm RHAe more armour against kinetic energy projectiles whilst retaining the near-impenetrable chemical protection of the M1A1. The turret's overall kinetic energy protection ranges from around 780 mm to 680 mm, whilst the chemical energy protection ranges from 1200 mm to 1000 mm. However, the M1A2 has no depleted uranium located in the lower front plate, retaining the same weak spots as the M1A1's hull. The turret ring and breech also are weak spots, though the breech on the Abrams series is notably some of the strongest out of all NATO main battle tanks being small and well protected against chemical energy rounds and some early APFSDS rounds.<br />
<br />
=== Mobility ===<br />
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}<br />
<!-- ''Write about the mobility of the ground vehicle. Estimate the specific power and manoeuvrability, as well as the maximum speed forwards and backwards.'' --><br />
<br />
{{tankMobility|abMinHp=2,058|rbMinHp=1,343}}<br />
<br />
The {{PAGENAME}} retains the same 1,519 horsepower AGT-1500 gas turbine on previous Abrams variants, though the tank has gained an additional 4 tons of weight, putting the total mass of the tank at 61.7 tonnes. This translates to a noticeable decrease in acceleration and manoeuvrability due to a lower hp/ton ratio. However, the tank retains the same 68 km/h top speed and 40 km/h reverse speed and relative to its counterparts the {{PAGENAME}} is still fairly mobile, especially at speeds over 40 km/h. When stock, the hull traverse is quite horrendous and acceleration is lacking, though these are largely remedied by researching the tracks, filters, engine and transmission modifications.<br />
<br />
=== Modifications and economy ===<br />
{{Specs-Economy}}<br />
<br />
'''<big>Unlock order recommendations</big>'''<br />
<br />
The order of modifications should be well thought out. Below is a guide of which modifications to unlock first, but it is just a recommendation and can be modified or adapted depending on the tank commander's preferences.<br />
<br />
'''Tier 1'''<br />
<br />
The first two modifications that should be unlocked are parts and the M829 APFSDS round, to allow repairing of the tank and increase firepower respectively. The order of the two unlocks is up to the vehicle commander but these two modifications are by far the most important when starting the stock grind. You only need one modification to move on to tier 2 but it is highly recommended to get both parts and M829 before moving on.<br />
<br />
'''Tier 2'''<br />
<br />
Moving on, you need two modifications from tier 2 in order to move to tier 3. Some good choices are FPE and smoke grenades; these two are the most important to success on the battlefield. FPE allows the putting out of fires and smoke grenades allows the deploying of a smoke screen, both of which are likely to save the tank on the field of battle. Now, adjustment of fire can be useful when engaging at longer ranges but in most cases it's not necessary at ranges up to even over one kilometre. After you unlock your two modifications in tier 2 it's recommended to move on to tier 3 to unlock more useful modifications.<br />
<br />
'''Tier 3'''<br />
<br />
In tier 3 there are several useful modifications but only two are required to move on to tier 4. Because there are multiple useful modifications in this tier a more broad recommendation should be given. The laser rangefinder - which allows great accuracy at long range, crew replenishment - which allows replacing a knocked out crew member, and filters - which increase mobility, although elevation mechanism can be useful as well it generally isn't quite as useful on the M1A2 because the gun already elevates quickly enough to use in battle. It's probably best to get crew replenishment and laser rangefinder but this one is up to the commander.<br />
<br />
'''Tier 4'''<br />
<br />
Moving on to tier 4 the prioritized modifications should be M829A2, NVD, and engine modifications to give much increased firepower, search and location ability, and mobility respectively. After that the most major modifications have been researched and now it's time to go back through the tiers and pick up the remaining mods.<br />
<br />
'''Finishing up'''<br />
<br />
After reaching tier 4 there are likely still useful modifications throughout the tiers that should be researched including tracks, filters, transmission, elevation mechanism, M830A1 and others. There are some modifications that aren't very useful though and should be saved for last, like suspension and brake system.<br />
<br />
== Armaments ==<br />
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}<br />
=== Main armament ===<br />
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}<br />
<!-- ''Give the reader information about the characteristics of the main gun. Assess its effectiveness in a battle based on the reloading speed, ballistics and the power of shells. Do not forget about the flexibility of the fire, that is how quickly the cannon can be aimed at the target, open fire on it and aim at another enemy. Add a link to the main article on the gun: <code><nowiki>{{main|Name of the weapon}}</nowiki></code>. Describe in general terms the ammunition available for the main gun. Give advice on how to use them and how to fill the ammunition storage.'' --><br />
{{main|M256 (120 mm)}}<br />
<br />
The M1A2 is armed with the 120 mm M256 smoothbore gun, the same cannon found on the M1A1 and the M1A1 HC, and has access to the same APFSDS and HEATFS ammunition. Its ammo selection is identical to the M1A1 HC, with the powerful M829A2 APFSDS as its most notable round.<br />
<br />
The M1A2's gun handles very well, with a very efficient stabiliser that allows accurate fire at any speed and a very fast turret traverse. The gun has good depression and elevation angles; negative 10 and positive 20 degrees respectively. An aced crew can reload the gun in just six seconds, which is comparable its contemporaries although slower than the T-80BVM, T-80U, Challenger 2s, and Type 90s.<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="5" | [[M256 (120 mm)|120 mm M256]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)<br />
|-<br />
! Mode !! Capacity !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer<br />
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced<br />
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced<br />
|-<br />
! ''Arcade''<br />
| rowspan="2" | 42 || rowspan="2" | -10°/+20° || rowspan="2" | ±180° || rowspan="2" | Two-plane || 38.1 || 52.7 || 64.0 || 70.8 || 75.3 || rowspan="2" | 7.80 || rowspan="2" | 6.90 || rowspan="2" | 6.36 || rowspan="2" | 6.00<br />
|-<br />
! ''Realistic''<br />
| 23.8 || 28.0 || 34.0 || 37.6 || 40.0<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==== Ammunition ====<br />
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"<br />
! colspan="8" | Penetration statistics<br />
|-<br />
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition<br />
! rowspan="2" | Type of<br>warhead<br />
! colspan="6" | Penetration @ 0° Angle of Attack (mm)<br />
|-<br />
! 10 m !! 100 m !! 500 m !! 1,000 m !! 1,500 m !! 2,000 m<br />
|-<br />
| M830 || HEATFS || 480 || 480 || 480 || 480 || 480 || 480<br />
|-<br />
| M830A1 || HEATFS || 350 || 350 || 350 || 350 || 350 || 350<br />
|-<br />
| M829 || APFSDS || 491 || 488 || 481 || 473 || 464 || 454<br />
|-<br />
| M829A2 || APFSDS || 629 || 627 || 619 || 610 || 601 || 590<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"<br />
! colspan="10" | Shell details<br />
|-<br />
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition<br />
! rowspan="2" | Type of<br>warhead<br />
! rowspan="2" | Velocity<br>(m/s)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Projectile<br>Mass (kg)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Fuse delay<br>(m)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Fuse sensitivity<br>(mm)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Explosive Mass<br>(TNT equivalent) (g)<br />
! colspan="3" | Ricochet<br />
|-<br />
! 0% !! 50% !! 100%<br />
|-<br />
| M830 || HEATFS || 1,140 || 13.1 || 0.05 || 0.1 || 2,360 || 65° || 72° || 77°<br />
|-<br />
| M830A1 || HEATFS || 1,410 || 11.4 || 0.05 || 0.1 || 1,390 || 65° || 72° || 77°<br />
|-<br />
| M829 || APFSDS || 1,670 || 3.94 || N/A || N/A || N/A || 78° || 80° || 81°<br />
|-<br />
| M829A2 || APFSDS || 1,680 || 4.64 || N/A || N/A || N/A || 78° || 80° || 81°<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==== [[Ammo racks]] ====<br />
[[File:Ammoracks_{{PAGENAME}}.png|right|thumb|x250px|[[Ammo racks]] of the {{PAGENAME}}]]<br />
<!-- '''Last updated:''' --><br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"<br />
|-<br />
! Full<br>ammo<br />
! 1st<br>rack empty<br />
! 2nd<br>rack empty<br />
! 3rd<br>rack empty<br />
! Visual<br>discrepancy<br />
|-<br />
| '''42''' || 37&nbsp;''(+5)'' || 19&nbsp;''(+23)'' || 1&nbsp;''(+41)'' || No<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
=== Machine guns ===<br />
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|2}}<br />
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|3}}<br />
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|4}}<br />
<!-- ''Offensive and anti-aircraft machine guns not only allow you to fight some aircraft but also are effective against lightly armoured vehicles. Evaluate machine guns and give recommendations on its use.'' --><br />
{{main|M2HB (12.7 mm)|M240 (7.62 mm)}}<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="5" | [[M2HB (12.7 mm)|12.7 mm M2HB]]<br />
|-<br />
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal<br />
|-<br />
| Pintle (Commander) || 1,000 (200) || 577 || -9°/+65° || -160°/+180°<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="5" | [[M240 (7.62 mm)|7.62 mm M240]]<br />
|-<br />
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal<br />
|-<br />
| Coaxial || 10,000 (200) || 941 || N/A || N/A<br />
|-<br />
| Pintle (Loader) || 1,400 (200) || 941 || -9°/+65° || -180°/+20°<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<!--===Optics and night vision===<br />
The M1A2 is equipped with a thermal imager for the commander, gunner and driver. It has good resolution and provides excellent situational awareness for the vehicle.<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
! colspan="7" |{{PAGENAME}} [[Optics]]<br />
|-<br />
! rowspan="3" |Type of optic<br />
! rowspan="3" |Magnification<br />
! colspan="5" |[[Night Vision Devices]]<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="3" |Image Intensifier<br />
! rowspan="2" |Thermal Imager<br />
Resolution<br />
! rowspan="2" |Notes<br />
|-<br />
!Resolution<br />
!Light Mult<br />
!Noise Level<br />
|-<br />
!Gunner's Sight<br />
|X3.0 - X10.0<br />
|Not fitted<br />
|N/A<br />
|N/A<br />
|800 x 600<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
!Commander's View<br />
|X6<br />
|Not fitted<br />
|N/A<br />
|N/A<br />
|800 x 600<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
!Driver's View<br />
|X1<br />
|Not fitted<br />
|N/A<br />
|N/A<br />
|800 x 600<br />
|}<br />
--><br />
<br />
== Usage in battles ==<br />
<!-- ''Describe the tactics of playing in the vehicle, the features of using vehicles in the team and advice on tactics. Refrain from creating a "guide" - do not impose a single point of view but instead give the reader food for thought. Describe the most dangerous enemies and give recommendations on fighting them. If necessary, note the specifics of the game in different modes (AB, RB, SB).'' --><br />
The M1A2 Abrams excels as an all-around jack of all trades vehicle capable of any role presented to it. It has a great combination of protection, firepower, situational awareness and mobility to allow it to adapt to any task it may face, from close-quarters fighting in urban areas to long-range engagements on large open maps.<br />
<br />
;Urban combat<br />
<br />
The M1A2, with its good mobility and improved protection over the M1A1 can function as an effective brawler in close-quarters urban fighting. The M1A2's reload rate is on par when aced to its counterparts, with the exception of the Challenger 2 and Type 90, making it able to quickly dish out damage and deal with multiple foes. Thusly, the M1A2 has no issue leading the charge into urban areas and being a frontline vehicle in the thick of the action, being able to equally deal damage and take it.<br />
<br />
;Rural combat<br />
<br />
On large open maps, the M1A2 is fully able to exploit its improved turret protection and commander's thermal imaging to give it the upper hand in long-range battles. The mobility of the M1A2 allows it to reach advantageous positions that overlook key areas of the map but its 1st gen. thermal device doesn't allow a fast identification of targets at range and in dense woodland. The commander's thermal imager means the player can keep track of threats all around the vehicle and monitor the battlefield without exposing the turret at all. The M1A2 is best played as an ambush sniper, using its commander's thermal sight to survey from cover, exposing the tank only to engage a target. The turret armour also means the M1A2 should be kept in a hull-down position, making the tank extremely hard to destroy. The M1A2 also retains the ability to effectively take the enemy head-on when the situation calls for it, such as assaulting capture points. The M830A1 shell is also valuable, allowing the M1A2 to become an ad-hoc anti-aircraft vehicle, especially against unwary helicopters that get too close to you or your allies.<br />
<br />
;Notable enemies<br />
<br />
* [[Leopard 2A5]]/[[Leopard 2A6|2A6]]: These are the main counterparts of the M1A2. Though the M1A2 outperforms the Leopard 2A5 in firepower, the Leopard 2A6 has superior firepower compared to both, having the best APFSDS in the game. The DM53 APFSDS the Leopard 2A6 is equipped with is capable of penetrating the turret cheek of the M1A2 at closer ranges. Thus, the Leopard 2s should be a high-priority target to be dealt with carefully. When hull down, the Leopard 2s can only be effectively penetrated through the gun mantlet or a lucky shot into the turret ring, so aim for the gun area, as this usually results in at least the disablement of the cannon or breech. If the Leopard 2 presents its hull, aim for the left side as the lined-up crew members usually result in all of them being knocked out at the same time, resulting in a one shot if done correctly.<br />
<br />
* [[T-80U]]: The T-80U can be a fearsome enemy if you are unaware of its significant disadvantages and weaknesses. The tank's frontal protection is very strong, though the area around the gun and the driver's hatch are weak spots that should be targeted. The T-80U, like many other T-series vehicles, are prone to being destroyed in one-shot due to the tightly-packed interior that has the turret crew sitting on top of all the ammunition. Furthermore, the T-80U is very vulnerable to any form of angling in the hull as its side protection is very weak in comparison to the frontal armour. A single penetration at all but the most oblique angles usually results in the detonation of the hull-ammo carousel to easily destroy the T-80U.<br />
<br />
* [[Leclerc]]: The Leclerc's good mobility, firepower and protection make it a formidable foe to engage. However the tank's armour scheme is inconsistent and presents three main weak spots frontally; the massive and extremely weak mantlet, the UFP and LFP. These are quite easy to hit and present a good chance of dealing serious damage or knocking out the vehicle entirely.<br />
<br />
=== Pros and cons ===<br />
<!-- ''Summarise and briefly evaluate the vehicle in terms of its characteristics and combat effectiveness. Mark its pros and cons in a bulleted list. Try not to use more than 6 points for each of the characteristics. Avoid using categorical definitions such as "bad", "good" and the like - use substitutions with softer forms such as "inadequate" and "effective".'' --><br />
<br />
'''Pros:'''<br />
<br />
* New depleted uranium composite armour layout makes the frontal turret extremely difficult to penetrate to all munitions in the game, other than the Leopard 2A6's DM53, at short range<br />
* Can effectively destroy aircraft or helicopters with new HEATFS shell through proximity detonation<br />
* Thermal sight for both the commander and gunner<br />
* Good crew survivability like the rest of the Abrams line<br />
* M829 APFSDS modification unlocked at tier I<br />
* Second best APFSDS shell in the game - M829A2 has excellent ballistics and penetration properties<br />
<br />
'''Cons:'''<br />
<br />
* Very easy to penetrate, even by low rank 5 tanks, hits on the UFP can auto bounce into the turret, often incapacitating the gunner and commander, as well as detonating the ammo<br />
* The turret ring is a massive weak spot, any tank in the game can penetrate it, a hit to the highly angled upper front plate will likely cause the incoming shell to ricochet into the turret ring, destroying critical components and knocking out crew members<br />
* The LFP is huge and has very poor protection<br />
* Has the same weak spots as the preceding Abrams<br />
* The gun mantlet weak spot on the turret, though this is common with all MBTs.<br />
* The Leopard 2A6's DM53 has a good chance of penetrating the turret cheeks if they're hit at a right angle<br />
* Least manoeuvrable Abrams in the game, due to its weight of 61.7 tonnes<br />
* The stock HEATFS shell is very difficult to use at top tier due to every tank you face having more than 600mm of chemical protection or being coated in ERA frontally. Flank shots are the only reliable way to get kills<br />
* Like with most Abrams series tanks, the engine deck is slightly raised, meaning that you will not be able to depress the gun over the rear of the tank.<br />
<br />
== History ==<br />
<!-- ''Describe the history of the creation and combat usage of the vehicle in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the vehicle and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Vehicle-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>. This section may also include the vehicle's dev blog entry (if applicable) and the in-game encyclopedia description (under <code><nowiki>=== In-game description ===</nowiki></code>, also if applicable).'' --><br />
[[File:U.S. Army M1A2 Abrams Iraq 2005.jpg|x240px|right|none|thumb|Two US Army M1A2s in Iraq.]]<br />
<br />
In the second half of the 1980s, a development project was launched to increase the combat effectiveness of the Abrams MBT. The result of this undertaking became the M1A2 version of the Abrams.<br />
<br />
The new version featured an upgraded fire control system, a new independent commander's panoramic sight as well as improved protection thanks to the use of second generation depleted uranium composite armor. All of these upgrades combined significantly bolstered the combat capabilities of the Abrams tank. Production of the M1A2 began in 1986 and the modification was formally introduced into US service in 1992.<br />
<br />
The M1A2 and its sub-variants are the most advanced modifications of the Abrams tank fielded to date. Over 1,500 M1A2s have been built with some older variants also being upgraded to the M1A2 standard. Apart from the U.S. as its primary operator, the M1A2 also sees service with the armed forces of Kuwait and Saudi Arabia.<br />
<br />
''- From [[wt:en/news/6451-development-m1a2-abrams-higher-and-higher-en|Devblog]]''<br />
<br />
== Media ==<br />
<!-- ''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.'' --><br />
<br />
;Skins<br />
<br />
* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=us_m1a2_abrams Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]<br />
<br />
;Images<br />
<gallery mode="packed" heights="200px"><br />
File:M1A2 Cobra King II Hangar.png|Cobra King II, prepped for combat.<br />
File:M1A2 on Kursk.png|Angel of Death, scanning the horizon on Kursk.<br />
File:M1A2 Allied Spirit VIII camouflage.jpg|Unlockable Allied Spirit VIII skin representing US Army units in Europe, 2018.<br />
</gallery><br />
<br />
;Videos<br />
{{Youtube-gallery|k-TAP29inb8|'''Should You Grind The M1A2 Abrams?''' - ''Sako Sniper''}}<br />
<br />
== See also ==<br />
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''<br />
<br />
* ''reference to the series of the vehicles;''<br />
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''<br />
<br />
== External links ==<br />
<!-- ''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''<br />
* ''topic on the official game forum;''<br />
* ''other literature.'' --><br />
<br />
* [[wt:en/news/6451-development-m1a2-abrams-higher-and-higher-en|[Development] M1A2 Abrams - Higher and Higher]]<br />
<br />
{{TankManufacturer GDLS}}<br />
{{USA medium tanks}}</div>U29417738https://wiki.warthunder.com/index.php?title=AJ37&diff=116894AJ372021-12-03T10:15:20Z<p>U29417738: /* Pros and cons */</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Specs-Card<br />
|code=saab_aj37<br />
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
== Description ==<br />
<!-- ''In the description, the first part should be about the history of and the creation and combat usage of the aircraft, as well as its key features. In the second part, tell the reader about the aircraft in the game. Insert a screenshot of the vehicle, so that if the novice player does not remember the vehicle by name, he will immediately understand what kind of vehicle the article is talking about.'' --><br />
The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} Swedish strike aircraft {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update "Ground Breaking"]].<br />
<br />
== General info ==<br />
=== Flight performance ===<br />
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}<br />
<!-- ''Describe how the aircraft behaves in the air. Speed, manoeuvrability, acceleration and allowable loads - these are the most important characteristics of the vehicle.'' --><br />
''Describe how the aircraft behaves in the air. Speed, manoeuvrability, acceleration and allowable loads - these are the most important characteristics of the vehicle.''<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"<br />
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics<br />
! colspan="2" | Max Speed<br>(km/h at 9,000 m)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude<br>(metres)<br />
! colspan="2" | Turn time<br>(seconds)<br />
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb<br>(metres/second)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run<br>(metres)<br />
|-<br />
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB<br />
|-<br />
! Stock<br />
| 1,869 || 1,825 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 26.2 || 26.3 || 157.1 || 145.8 || rowspan="2" | 900<br />
|-<br />
! Upgraded<br />
| ___ || ___ || __._ || __._ || __._ || __._<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==== Details ====<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="6" | Features<br />
|-<br />
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear !! Drogue chute<br />
|-<br />
| X || X || ✓ || ✓ || X || X <!-- ✓ --><br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="7" | Limits<br />
|-<br />
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)<br />
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)<br />
! colspan="2" | Max Static G<br />
|-<br />
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -<br />
|-<br />
| {{Specs|destruction|body}} || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || N/A || N/A || 400 || ~12 || ~4<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)<br />
|-<br />
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator<br />
|-<br />
| < ___ || < ___ || < ___ || N/A<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==== Engine performance ====<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="3" | Engine<br />
! colspan="6" | Aircraft mass<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="2" | Engine name || Number<br />
! colspan="3" | {{Annotation|Basic mass|Mass of the aircraft with pilot and engine oil, but no fuel or weapons load}} || colspan="3" | Wing loading (full fuel)<br />
|-<br />
| colspan="2" | Svenska Flygmotor RM8A || 1<br />
| colspan="3" | 11,015 kg || colspan="3" | 309 kg/m<sup>2</sup><br />
|-<br />
! colspan="3" | Engine characteristics<br />
! colspan="5" | Mass with fuel (no weapons load) || rowspan="2" | Max Takeoff<br>Weight<br />
|-<br />
! Weight (each) || colspan="2" | Type<br />
! 15m fuel || 20m fuel || 30m fuel || 45m fuel || 51m fuel<br />
|-<br />
| 2,350 kg || colspan="2" | Afterburning low-bypass turbofan<br />
| 12,341 kg || 12,727 kg || 13,583 kg || 14,867 kg || 15,435 kg || 19,000 kg<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="3" | {{Annotation|Maximum engine thrust @ 0 m (RB/SB)|The maximum thrust produced by each engine, while mounted in the aircraft. NOTE: Thrust varies significantly depending on speed & altitude.}}<br />
! colspan="6" | Thrust to weight ratio @ 0 m (WEP)<br />
|-<br />
! Condition || 100% || WEP<br />
! 15m fuel || 20m fuel || 30m fuel || 45m fuel || 51m fuel || MTOW<br />
|-<br />
| ''Stationary'' || 6,386 kgf || 10,520 kgf<br />
| 0.85 || 0.83 || 0.77 || 0.71 || 0.68 || 0.55<br />
|-<br />
| ''Optimal'' || 6,386 kgf<br>(0 km/h) || 15,255 kgf<br>(1,250 km/h)<br />
| 1.24 || 1.20 || 1.12 || 1.03 || 0.99 || 0.80<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
=== Survivability and armour ===<br />
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}<br />
<!-- ''Examine the survivability of the aircraft. Note how vulnerable the structure is and how secure the pilot is, whether the fuel tanks are armoured, etc. Describe the armour, if there is any, and also mention the vulnerability of other critical aircraft systems.'' --><br />
''Examine the survivability of the aircraft. Note how vulnerable the structure is and how secure the pilot is, whether the fuel tanks are armoured, etc. Describe the armour, if there is any, and also mention the vulnerability of other critical aircraft systems.''<br />
<br />
=== Modifications and economy ===<br />
{{Specs-Economy}}<br />
<br />
== Armaments ==<br />
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="4" | [[Ballistic Computer]]<br />
|-<br />
! CCIP (Guns) !! CCIP (Rockets) !! CCIP (Bombs) !! CCRP (Bombs)<br />
|-<br />
| {{Tick}} || {{Tick}} || {{Tick}} || {{Cross}}<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
=== Suspended armament ===<br />
{{Specs-Avia-Suspended}}<br />
<!-- ''Describe the aircraft's suspended armament: additional cannons under the wings, bombs, rockets and torpedoes. This section is especially important for bombers and attackers. If there is no suspended weaponry remove this subsection.'' --><br />
{{main|m/71 (120 kg)|psrak m/70|Akan m/55 (30 mm)}}<br />
{{main|RB24|RB24J|RB 75|Rb05A}}<br />
<br />
The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance:<br />
<br />
* 2 x 30 mm Akan m/55 cannons (150 rpg = 300 total)<br />
* 24 x psrak m/70 rockets<br />
* 12 x psrak m/70 rockets + 48 x countermeasures<br />
* 2 x Rb05A missiles<br />
* 2 x Rb05A missiles + 48 x countermeasures<br />
* 2 x RB 75 missiles<br />
* 2 x RB 75 missiles + 48 x countermeasures<br />
* 2 x RB24 missiles<br />
* 2 x RB24 missiles + 48 x countermeasures<br />
* 2 x RB24J missiles<br />
* 2 x RB24J missiles + 48 x countermeasures<br />
* 16 x 120 kg m/71 bombs (1,920 kg total)<br />
* 8 x 120 kg m/71 bombs + 48 x countermeasures (960 kg total)<br />
* 2 x 30 mm Akan m/55 cannons + 2 x Rb05A missiles<br />
* 2 x 30 mm Akan m/55 cannons + 2 x RB 75 missiles<br />
* 2 x 30 mm Akan m/55 cannons + 12 x psrak m/70 rockets<br />
* 2 x 30 mm Akan m/55 cannons + 2 x RB24J missiles<br />
* 2 x 30 mm Akan m/55 cannons + 2 x RB24 missiles<br />
<br />
== Usage in battles ==<br />
<!-- ''Describe the tactics of playing in the aircraft, the features of using aircraft in a team and advice on tactics. Refrain from creating a "guide" - do not impose a single point of view, but instead, give the reader food for thought. Examine the most dangerous enemies and give recommendations on fighting them. If necessary, note the specifics of the game in different modes (AB, RB, SB).'' --><br />
''Describe the tactics of playing in the aircraft, the features of using aircraft in a team and advice on tactics. Refrain from creating a "guide" - do not impose a single point of view, but instead, give the reader food for thought. Examine the most dangerous enemies and give recommendations on fighting them. If necessary, note the specifics of the game in different modes (AB, RB, SB).''<br />
<br />
=== Pros and cons ===<br />
<!-- ''Summarise and briefly evaluate the vehicle in terms of its characteristics and combat effectiveness. Mark its pros and cons in the bulleted list. Try not to use more than 6 points for each of the characteristics. Avoid using categorical definitions such as "bad", "good" and the like - use substitutions with softer forms such as "inadequate" and "effective".'' --><br />
''Summarise and briefly evaluate the vehicle in terms of its characteristics and combat effectiveness. Mark its pros and cons in the bulleted list. Try not to use more than 6 points for each of the characteristics. Avoid using categorical definitions such as "bad", "good" and the like - use substitutions with softer forms such as "inadequate" and "effective".''<br />
<br />
'''Pros:'''<br />
<br />
* Great acceleration<br />
* Access to Maverick AGM's<br />
<br />
*<br />
<br />
'''Cons:'''<br />
<br />
* Underwhelming CAS options<br />
<br />
*<br />
<br />
== History ==<br />
<!-- ''Describe the history of the creation and combat usage of the aircraft in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the vehicle and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Vehicle-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>. This section may also include the vehicle's dev blog entry (if applicable) and the in-game encyclopedia description (under <code><nowiki>=== In-game description ===</nowiki></code>, also if applicable).'' --><br />
''Describe the history of the creation and combat usage of the aircraft in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the vehicle and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Vehicle-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>. This section may also include the vehicle's dev blog entry (if applicable) and the in-game encyclopedia description (under <code><nowiki>=== In-game description ===</nowiki></code>, also if applicable).''<br />
<br />
== Media ==<br />
<!-- ''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.'' --><br />
''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.''<br />
<br />
== See also ==<br />
<!-- ''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''<br />
* ''reference to the series of the aircraft;''<br />
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.'' --><br />
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''<br />
<br />
* ''reference to the series of the aircraft;''<br />
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''<br />
<br />
== External links ==<br />
<!-- ''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''<br />
* ''topic on the official game forum;''<br />
* ''other literature.'' --><br />
<br />
* [https://forum.warthunder.com/index.php?/topic/538755-aj-37/ Official data sheet - more details about the performance]<br />
<br />
{{AirManufacturer Saab}}<br />
{{Sweden jet aircraft}}</div>U29417738https://wiki.warthunder.com/index.php?title=LVT-4/40&diff=116275LVT-4/402021-11-24T10:07:41Z<p>U29417738: /* Pros and cons */</p>
<hr />
<div>{{About<br />
| about = French light tank '''{{PAGENAME}}'''<br />
| usage = other versions<br />
| link = LVT (Family)<br />
}}<br />
{{Specs-Card<br />
|code=fr_lvt_bofors<br />
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg|ArtImage LVT-4-40.png}}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
== Description ==<br />
<!-- ''In the description, the first part should be about the history of the creation and combat usage of the vehicle, as well as its key features. In the second part, tell the reader about the ground vehicle in the game. Insert a screenshot of the vehicle, so that if the novice player does not remember the vehicle by name, he will immediately understand what kind of vehicle the article is talking about.'' --><br />
The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a premium gift rank {{Specs|rank}} French light tank {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced during [[Update "Direct Hit"]] as a reward for [[Battle Pass: Season V, "River Hunter"]].<br />
<br />
== General info ==<br />
=== Survivability and armour ===<br />
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}<br />
<!-- ''Describe armour protection. Note the most well protected and key weak areas. Appreciate the layout of modules as well as the number and location of crew members. Is the level of armour protection sufficient, is the placement of modules helpful for survival in combat? If necessary use a visual template to indicate the most secure and weak zones of the armour.'' --><br />
''Describe armour protection. Note the most well protected and key weak areas. Appreciate the layout of modules as well as the number and location of crew members. Is the level of armour protection sufficient, is the placement of modules helpful for survival in combat? If necessary use a visual template to indicate the most secure and weak zones of the armour.''<br />
<br />
'''Armour type:''' <!-- The types of armour present on the vehicle and their general locations --><br />
<!-- Example: * Rolled homogeneous armour (Front, Side, Rear, Hull roof)<br />
* Cast homogeneous armour (Turret, Transmission area) --><br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|-<br />
! Armour !! Front (Slope angle) !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof<br />
|-<br />
| Hull || ___ mm || ___ mm ''Top'' <br> ___ mm ''Bottom'' || ___ mm || ___ - ___ mm<br />
|-<br />
| Turret || ___ - ___ mm ''Turret front'' <br> ___ mm ''Gun mantlet'' || ___ - ___ mm || ___ - ___ mm || ___ - ___ mm<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
'''Notes:''' <!-- Any additional notes which the user needs to be aware of --><br />
<!-- Example: * Suspension wheels are 20 mm thick, tracks are 30 mm thick, and torsion bars are 60 mm thick. --><br />
<br />
=== Mobility ===<br />
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}<br />
<!-- ''Write about the mobility of the ground vehicle. Estimate the specific power and manoeuvrability, as well as the maximum speed forwards and backwards.'' --><br />
<br />
{{tankMobility|abMinHp=387|rbMinHp=221}}<br />
<br />
=== Modifications and economy ===<br />
{{Specs-Economy}}<br />
<br />
== Armaments ==<br />
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}<br />
=== Main armament ===<br />
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}<br />
<!-- ''Give the reader information about the characteristics of the main gun. Assess its effectiveness in a battle based on the reloading speed, ballistics and the power of shells. Do not forget about the flexibility of the fire, that is how quickly the cannon can be aimed at the target, open fire on it and aim at another enemy. Add a link to the main article on the gun: <code><nowiki>{{main|Name of the weapon}}</nowiki></code>. Describe in general terms the ammunition available for the main gun. Give advice on how to use them and how to fill the ammunition storage.'' --><br />
{{main|Bofors L/60 (40 mm)}}<br />
<br />
''Give the reader information about the characteristics of the main gun. Assess its effectiveness in a battle based on the reloading speed, ballistics and the power of shells. Do not forget about the flexibility of the fire, that is how quickly the cannon can be aimed at the target, open fire on it and aim at another enemy. Add a link to the main article on the gun: <code><nowiki>{{main|Name of the weapon}}</nowiki></code>. Describe in general terms the ammunition available for the main gun. Give advice on how to use them and how to fill the ammunition storage.''<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="6" | [[Bofors L/60 (40 mm)|40 mm Bofors L/60]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)<br />
|-<br />
! Mode !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer<br />
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced<br />
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced<br />
|-<br />
! ''Arcade''<br />
| rowspan="2" | 384 (8) || rowspan="2" | 120 || rowspan="2" | -3°/+87° || rowspan="2" | ±180° || rowspan="2" | N/A || __._ || __._ || __._ || __._ || __._ || rowspan="2" | _.__ || rowspan="2" | _.__ || rowspan="2" | _.__ || rowspan="2" | _.__<br />
|-<br />
! ''Realistic''<br />
| __._ || __._ || __._ || __._ || __._<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==== Ammunition ====<br />
<br />
* '''Default:''' {{Annotation|AP-T|Armour-piercing tracer}}{{-}}{{Annotation|FI-T*|Fragmentation incendiary tracer (self-destroying)}}<br />
* '''Mk.II:''' {{Annotation|FI-T*|Fragmentation incendiary tracer (self-destroying)}}<br />
* '''M81A1:''' {{Annotation|AP-T|Armour-piercing tracer}}<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"<br />
! colspan="7" | Penetration statistics<br />
|-<br />
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Belt<br />
! colspan="6" | Penetration @ 0° Angle of Attack (mm)<br />
|-<br />
! 10 m !! 100 m !! 500 m !! 1,000 m !! 1,500 m !! 2,000 m<br />
|-<br />
| Default || 72 || 69 || 58 || 47 || 38 || 30<br />
|-<br />
| Mk.II || 3 || 3 || 3 || 3 || 3 || 3<br />
|-<br />
| M81A1 || 72 || 69 || 58 || 47 || 38 || 30<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"<br />
! colspan="10" | Belt details<br />
|-<br />
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Belt<br />
! rowspan="2" | Type of<br>warhead<br />
! rowspan="2" | Velocity<br>(m/s)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Projectile<br>Mass (kg)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Fuse delay<br>(m)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Fuse sensitivity<br>(mm)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Explosive Mass<br>(TNT equivalent) (g)<br />
! colspan="3" | Ricochet<br />
|-<br />
! 0% !! 50% !! 100%<br />
|-<br />
| Mk.II || FI-T* || 874 || 0.86 || 0 || 0.1 || 63 || 79° || 80° || 81°<br />
|-<br />
| M81A1 || AP-T || 874 || 0.88 || N/A || N/A || N/A || 47° || 60° || 65°<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==== [[Ammo racks]] ====<br />
<!-- '''Last updated: 2.11.0.71''' --><br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"<br />
|-<br />
! Full<br>ammo<br />
! Ammo<br>type<br />
! 1st<br>rack empty<br />
! 2nd<br>rack empty<br />
! 3rd<br>rack empty<br />
! 4th<br>rack empty<br />
! 5th<br>rack empty<br />
! 6th<br>rack empty<br />
! 7th<br>rack empty<br />
! 8th<br>rack empty<br />
|-<br />
| '''48''' <br> '''384''' || ''Clips'' <br> ''Rounds'' || 46&nbsp;''(+2)'' <br> 368&nbsp;''(+16)'' || 43&nbsp;''(+5)'' <br> 344&nbsp;''(+40)'' || 40&nbsp;''(+8)'' <br> 320&nbsp;''(+64)'' || 37&nbsp;''(+11)'' <br> 296&nbsp;''(+88)'' || 34&nbsp;''(+14)'' <br> 272&nbsp;''(+112)'' || 31&nbsp;''(+17)'' <br> 248&nbsp;''(+136)'' || 28&nbsp;''(+20)'' <br> 224&nbsp;''(+160)'' || 25&nbsp;''(+23)'' <br> 200&nbsp;''(+184)'' <br />
|-<br />
! 9th<br>rack empty<br />
! 10th<br>rack empty<br />
! 11th<br>rack empty<br />
! 12th<br>rack empty<br />
! 13th<br>rack empty<br />
! 14th<br>rack empty<br />
! 15th<br>rack empty<br />
! 16th<br>rack empty<br />
! Visual<br>discrepancy<br />
!<br />
|-<br />
| 22&nbsp;''(+26)'' <br> 176&nbsp;''(+208)'' || 19&nbsp;''(+29)'' <br> 152&nbsp;''(+232)'' || 16&nbsp;''(+32)'' <br> 128&nbsp;''(+256)'' || 13&nbsp;''(+35)'' <br> 104&nbsp;''(+280)'' || 10&nbsp;''(+38)'' <br> 80&nbsp;''(+304)'' || 7&nbsp;''(+41)'' <br> 56&nbsp;''(+328)'' || 4&nbsp;''(+44)'' <br> 32&nbsp;''(+352)'' || 1&nbsp;''(+47)'' <br> 8&nbsp;''(+376)'' || No<br />
!<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
[[File:Ammoracks LVT-4-40.png|right|thumb|x250px|[[Ammo racks]] of the {{PAGENAME}}]]<br />
'''Notes''':<br />
<br />
* Ammunition is divided into 48 clips of 8 rounds.<br />
* Each rack contains 3 clips (24 rounds).<br />
<br />
=== Machine guns ===<br />
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|2}}<br />
<!-- ''Offensive and anti-aircraft machine guns not only allow you to fight some aircraft but also are effective against lightly armoured vehicles. Evaluate machine guns and give recommendations on its use.'' --><br />
{{main|M2HB (12.7 mm)}}<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="5" | [[M2HB (12.7 mm)|12.7 mm M2HB]]<br />
|-<br />
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal<br />
|-<br />
| Coaxial (left) || 1,200 (200) || 577 || N/A || N/A<br />
|-<br />
| Coaxial (right) || 1,200 (200) || 577 || N/A || N/A<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
== Usage in battles ==<br />
<!-- ''Describe the tactics of playing in the vehicle, the features of using vehicles in the team and advice on tactics. Refrain from creating a "guide" - do not impose a single point of view but instead give the reader food for thought. Describe the most dangerous enemies and give recommendations on fighting them. If necessary, note the specifics of the game in different modes (AB, RB, SB).'' --><br />
''Describe the tactics of playing in the vehicle, the features of using vehicles in the team and advice on tactics. Refrain from creating a "guide" - do not impose a single point of view but instead give the reader food for thought. Describe the most dangerous enemies and give recommendations on fighting them. If necessary, note the specifics of the game in different modes (AB, RB, SB).''<br />
<br />
=== Pros and cons ===<br />
<!-- ''Summarise and briefly evaluate the vehicle in terms of its characteristics and combat effectiveness. Mark its pros and cons in a bulleted list. Try not to use more than 6 points for each of the characteristics. Avoid using categorical definitions such as "bad", "good" and the like - use substitutions with softer forms such as "inadequate" and "effective".'' --><br />
''Summarise and briefly evaluate the vehicle in terms of its characteristics and combat effectiveness. Mark its pros and cons in a bulleted list. Try not to use more than 6 points for each of the characteristics. Avoid using categorical definitions such as "bad", "good" and the like - use substitutions with softer forms such as "inadequate" and "effective".''<br />
<br />
'''Pros:'''<br />
<br />
* Has amphibious capability<br />
* Armour-piercing shells can penetrate most ground targets<br />
* High rate of fire and very short reload time for the 40 mm cannon<br />
* It has two 12.7 mm machine gun to complement the Bofors cannon<br />
* Versatile - Can be used as a tank destroyer, scout or as SPAA<br />
* Large internal volume - remarkably survivable, despite its thin armour<br />
* Complements the already powerful French 2.3 lineup<br />
<br />
'''Cons:'''<br />
<br />
* Gun depression only limit to -3 degrees<br />
* Tall gun position with only -3 degrees gun depression, prone to close short range attacks<br />
* Big profile makes easier for enemies to spot you<br />
* Light armour and open-topped design make it vulnerable to air attacks, machine gun fire, chemical shells (HE, HEAT) and artillery strikes<br />
* Fuel tanks exposed on the sides and prone to fire when shot<br />
<br />
== History ==<br />
<!-- ''Describe the history of the creation and combat usage of the vehicle in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the vehicle and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Vehicle-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>. This section may also include the vehicle's dev blog entry (if applicable) and the in-game encyclopedia description (under <code><nowiki>=== In-game description ===</nowiki></code>, also if applicable).'' --><br />
''Describe the history of the creation and combat usage of the vehicle in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the vehicle and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Vehicle-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>. This section may also include the vehicle's dev blog entry (if applicable) and the in-game encyclopedia description (under <code><nowiki>=== In-game description ===</nowiki></code>, also if applicable).''<br />
<br />
== Media ==<br />
<!-- ''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.'' --><br />
<br />
;Skins<br />
<br />
* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=fr_lvt_bofors Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]<br />
<br />
;Videos<br />
{{Youtube-gallery|Wa5gx59a7RY|'''Should You buy The LVT-4/40? - Vehicle Review''' - ''Sako Sniper''}}<br />
<br />
== See also ==<br />
<!-- ''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''<br />
* ''reference to the series of the vehicles;''<br />
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.'' --><br />
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''<br />
<br />
* ''reference to the series of the vehicles;''<br />
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''<br />
<br />
== External links ==<br />
<!-- ''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''<br />
* ''topic on the official game forum;''<br />
* ''other literature.'' --><br />
<br />
* [[wt:en/news/7384-development-battle-pass-vehicles-lvt-4-40-en|[Devblog] Battle Pass Vehicles: LVT-4/40]]<br />
<br />
{{France light tanks}}<br />
{{France premium ground vehicles}}</div>U29417738https://wiki.warthunder.com/index.php?title=ASU-85&diff=116269ASU-852021-11-24T08:54:08Z<p>U29417738: /* Pros and cons */</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Specs-Card<br />
|code=ussr_asu_85<br />
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
== Description ==<br />
<!-- ''In the description, the first part should be about the history of the creation and combat usage of the vehicle, as well as its key features. In the second part, tell the reader about the ground vehicle in the game. Insert a screenshot of the vehicle, so that if the novice player does not remember the vehicle by name, he will immediately understand what kind of vehicle the article is talking about.'' --><br />
The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} Soviet tank destroyer {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.59 "Flaming Arrows"]]. It was designed to provide the VDV (''Vozdushno-Desantnye Voyska''), the Soviet airborne forces, with an air-portable self-propelled gun for independent fire support and anti-tank capability in support of paratroopers during airborne operations.<br />
<br />
== General info ==<br />
=== Survivability and armour ===<br />
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}<br />
<!-- ''Describe armour protection. Note the most well protected and key weak areas. Appreciate the layout of modules as well as the number and location of crew members. Is the level of armour protection sufficient, is the placement of modules helpful for survival in combat? If necessary use a visual template to indicate the most secure and weak zones of the armour.'' --><br />
The front upper glacis plate, while only 45 mm thick, is quite heavily sloped and can occasionally ricochet rounds. The mantlet is also quite thick and rounded, and it can also bounce the occasional lucky shot. <br />
<br />
However, the rest of the ASU-85 is very thinly armoured and vulnerable to even heavy machine guns. Angling is useless in this tank, since thin armour parts get overmatched by high calibre shells and they just ignore ricochet chance completely. If it is necessary to give the enemy something to fire at, it is possible to take only half of the shells and then present the left side to the enemy, as it will have less ammo racks, though it is still likely the entire tank will be obliterated anyway.<br />
<br />
The tank itself is very short and can even bully tanks like the [[M4A3 (76) W]] by standing next to them, as it will only be able to aim at the autobounce zone on top of the ASU-85 and will likely miss. In the case if the tank it stands next to explodes, the ASU-85 will also suffer overpressure damage and often lose crew, so moderate levels of "vitality" crew skill are needed to survive when doing this. <br />
<br />
The ASU-85 is also somewhat vulnerable to aircraft strafing, particularly if they attack from the top or with rockets.<br />
<br />
'''Armour type:'''<br />
<br />
* Rolled homogeneous armour<br />
* Cast homogeneous armour (Gun mantlet)<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|-<br />
! Armour !! Front !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof<br />
|-<br />
| Hull || 45 mm (60°) ''Front glacis'' <br> 45 mm (37°) ''Lower glacis'' <br> 50 mm ''Driver port''|| 6 mm || 6 mm (40°) ''Upper'' <br> 6 mm (18°) ''Lower'' || 6 mm<br />
|-<br />
| Superstructure || 45 mm (60°) ''Front glacis'' <br> 100 mm ''Gun mantlet'' || 13 mm (37-38°) || 6 mm || 13 mm ''Front'' <br> 6 mm ''Rear''<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
'''Notes:'''<br />
<br />
* Suspension wheels are 10 mm thick, tracks are 15 mm thick.<br />
<br />
=== Mobility ===<br />
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}<br />
<!-- ''Write about the mobility of the ground vehicle. Estimate the specific power and manoeuvrability, as well as the maximum speed forwards and backwards.'' --><br />
<br />
{{tankMobility|abMinHp=298|rbMinHp=186}}<br />
<br />
The ASU-85 is based on the [[PT-76B]] and uses the same engine. It is somewhat heavier, however, and the mobility thus suffers comparatively. With a top speed of under 50 km/h, the ASU-85 is relatively slow for such a lightly armoured vehicle, but it is adequate enough for repositioning when needed. The ASU-85 also has a fairly slow reverse speed and only one reverse gear, inherited from the PT-76B.<br />
<br />
Note that the ASU-85 is not amphibious, unlike the PT-76B it is based on.<br />
<br />
=== Modifications and economy ===<br />
{{Specs-Economy}}<br />
<br />
== Armaments ==<br />
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}<br />
=== Main armament ===<br />
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}<br />
<!-- ''Give the reader information about the characteristics of the main gun. Assess its effectiveness in a battle based on the reloading speed, ballistics and the power of shells. Do not forget about the flexibility of the fire, that is how quickly the cannon can be aimed at the target, open fire on it and aim at another enemy. Add a link to the main article on the gun: <code><nowiki>{{main|Name of the weapon}}</nowiki></code>. Describe in general terms the ammunition available for the main gun. Give advice on how to use them and how to fill the ammunition storage.'' --><br />
{{main|D-70 (85 mm)}}<br />
<br />
The ASU-85 is armed with the '''85 mm D-70''', a significantly more powerful gun compared to the wartime Soviet 85 mm ZiS S-53 and D-5T guns and comparable in capability to the German 8,8 cm L/71 guns. The mounting has only 4° of gun depression due to the restricted size of the vehicle, but has a fairly generous amount of traverse for a casemate tank destroyer. It has a relatively low rate-of-fire for its calibre, reflecting the rather cramped crew compartment of the ASU-85. The recoil of a gun throws the tank around, especially if it is fired sideways, sometimes kicking the tank backwards up to 5-10 m.<br />
<br />
The standard shell is the '''BR-372''' APBC shell with a lethal explosive filler. It has an excellent muzzle velocity and is accurate at long ranges, very similarly to APDS. It will also easily penetrate most things that the ASU-85 may encounter. Anything that cannot be penetrated by the APBC shell will almost certainly be penetrable by the '''3BK7''' HEAT-FS round. Boasting 300 mm of penetration, it is capable of punching straight through a [[Tiger II (P)|Tiger II]]'s upper glacis and does not lose penetration over distance. However, it suffers the usual drawbacks of HEAT rounds (cannot go through obstacles like trees or fences) and is significantly less lethal than the APBC shell. The muzzle velocity is also lower, which can complicate aiming at long ranges.<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="5" | [[D-70 (85 mm)|85 mm D-70]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)<br />
|-<br />
! Mode !! Capacity !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer<br />
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced<br />
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced<br />
|-<br />
! ''Arcade''<br />
| rowspan="2" | 39 || rowspan="2" | -4°/+15° || rowspan="2" | ±15° || rowspan="2" | N/A || 6.2 || 8.5 || 10.4 || 11.5 || 12.2 || rowspan="2" | 11.18 || rowspan="2" | 9.89 || rowspan="2" | 9.12 || rowspan="2" | 8.60<br />
|-<br />
! ''Realistic''<br />
| 4.2 || 4.9 || 6.0 || 6.6 || 7.0<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==== Ammunition ====<br />
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"<br />
! colspan="8" | Penetration statistics<br />
|-<br />
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition<br />
! rowspan="2" | Type of<br>warhead<br />
! colspan="6" | '''Penetration @ 0° Angle of Attack (mm)'''<br />
|-<br />
! 10 m !! 100 m !! 500 m !! 1,000 m !! 1,500 m !! 2,000 m<br />
|-<br />
| BR-372 || APCBC || 245 || 242 || 230 || 216 || 202 || 190<br />
|-<br />
| 3BK7 || HEATFS || 300 || 300 || 300 || 300 || 300 || 300<br />
|-<br />
| OF-372 || HE || 11 || 11 || 11 || 11 || 11 || 11<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"<br />
! colspan="10" | Shell details<br />
|-<br />
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition<br />
! rowspan="2" | Type of<br>warhead<br />
! rowspan="2" | Velocity<br>(m/s)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Projectile<br>Mass (kg)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Fuse delay<br>(m)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Fuse sensitivity<br>(mm)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Explosive Mass<br>(TNT equivalent) (g)<br />
! colspan="3" | Ricochet<br />
|-<br />
! 0% !! 50% !! 100%<br />
|-<br />
| BR-372 || APCBC || 1,040 || 9.3 || 1.2 || 14 || 77 || 48° || 63° || 71°<br />
|-<br />
| 3BK7 || HEATFS || 925 || 7.22 || 0.05 || 0.1 || 1,440 || 65° || 72° || 77°<br />
|-<br />
| OF-372 || HE || 1,010 || 9.66 || 0 || 0.1 || 740 || 79° || 80° || 81°<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==== [[Ammo racks]] ====<br />
[[File:Ammoracks_{{PAGENAME}}.png|right|thumb|x250px|[[Ammo racks]] of the {{PAGENAME}}]]<br />
<!-- '''Last updated:''' --><br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"<br />
|-<br />
! Full<br>ammo<br />
! 1st<br>rack empty<br />
! 2nd<br>rack empty<br />
! 3rd<br>rack empty<br />
! 4th<br>rack empty<br />
! 5th<br>rack empty<br />
! 6th<br>rack empty<br />
! Visual<br>discrepancy<br />
|-<br />
| '''39''' || 33&nbsp;''(+6)'' || 26&nbsp;''(+13)'' || 19&nbsp;''(+20)'' || 13&nbsp;''(+26)'' || 7&nbsp;''(+32)'' || 1&nbsp;''(+38)'' || No<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
'''Notes''':<br />
<br />
* Shells are modeled individually and disappear after having been shot or loaded.<br />
* Front empty: 26&nbsp;''(+13)'' shells<br />
* Sides only: 33&nbsp;''(+6)'' shells<br />
<br />
=== Machine guns ===<br />
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|2}}<br />
<!-- ''Offensive and anti-aircraft machine guns not only allow you to fight some aircraft but also are effective against lightly armoured vehicles. Evaluate machine guns and give recommendations on its use.'' --><br />
{{main|SGMT (7.62 mm)}}<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="5" | [[SGMT (7.62 mm)|7.62 mm SGMT]]<br />
|-<br />
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal<br />
|-<br />
| Coaxial || 2,000 (250) || 600 || N/A || N/A<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
== Usage in battles ==<br />
<!-- ''Describe the tactics of playing in the vehicle, the features of using vehicles in the team and advice on tactics. Refrain from creating a "guide" - do not impose a single point of view but instead give the reader food for thought. Describe the most dangerous enemies and give recommendations on fighting them. If necessary, note the specifics of the game in different modes (AB, RB, SB).'' --><br />
The ASU-85 is a veritable glass cannon that relies on stealth and/or distance in order to survive on the battlefield. It is very vulnerable if caught in the open, especially to planes due to the very weak roof armour. The 85 mm gun is capable of handling almost any tank likely to be encountered by the ASU-85. Unfortunately, the ASU-85 lacks the mobility of its predecessor, the [[ASU-57]], and thus has to adopt a more passive playstyle. The stock APBC round is excellent for ambushes, which tend to involve a lot of side shots where the lethality of the explosive filler is valuable, especially with the long reload time of the gun. The HEAT-FS round is better suited for medium/long-range fighting, since it does not lose penetration over distance.<br />
<br />
The ASU-85 has a rather unorthodox method of using its smoke screen. Unlike most vehicles, which use smoke shells, singular canisters, or canister clusters, the ASU-85 uses two large drum like structures at the rear. When deployed, these will drop away, so it is relatively easy to tell from close range whether or not an ASU-85 has smoke or not, and how many it has. Due to the orientation of the drums, the smoke screen will actually form behind the tank and take 5 seconds to fully envelope the assault gun.<br />
<br />
The smokes screens themselves are very thin and allow ASU-85 to see through them with sniper scope and attack. In arcade mode, ASU-85 can use smoke screen to disable aim assist and spotting for enemy vehicles while still being able to track their position with scouting, which works well with its ability to bounce poorly aimed shots. The APDS-like APHE and HEAT-FS also help with fighting with aim assist off, which makes it a viable trick, though it will not help if enemy already took aim at ASU-85 and is just waiting for reload to finish.<br />
<br />
Common opponent weakspots:<br />
<br />
* Tiger II [[Tiger II (P)|(P)]], [[Tiger II (H)|(H)]], [[Tiger II (10.5 cm Kw.K)|105 mm]]: Turret cheeks. HEAT-FS can penetrate the hull front.<br />
* [[Panther II]]: APBC can penetrate the turret face. HEAT-FS can penetrate the hull front.<br />
* [[T29]]: Lower glacis. There are also weakspots in the gun mantlet, but they may be hard to hit at anything but close range.<br />
* [[Caernarvon]]: Turret ring and lower glacis.<br />
* [[Tortoise]]: Area surrounding the hull machine gun port.<br />
* [[T95]]: Cupolas may be penetrated but do not trigger the explosive filler of AP rounds.<br />
* [[Jagdtiger]]: HEAT-FS can penetrate the hull front and superstructure.<br />
<br />
=== Pros and cons ===<br />
<!-- ''Summarise and briefly evaluate the vehicle in terms of its characteristics and combat effectiveness. Mark its pros and cons in a bulleted list. Try not to use more than 6 points for each of the characteristics. Avoid using categorical definitions such as "bad", "good" and the like - use substitutions with softer forms such as "inadequate" and "effective".'' --><br />
<br />
'''Pros:'''<br />
<br />
* Excellent 85 mm gun - higher penetration and muzzle velocity than the infamous 100 mm D-10T as found on the T-54<br />
* Competitive stock APBC round with explosive filler<br />
* Access to HEAT-FS with 300 mm of penetration<br />
* Tiny profile<br />
* Access to a coaxial machine gun<br />
* Access to night vision devices<br />
<br />
'''Cons:'''<br />
<br />
* Slow gun elevation and traverse<br />
* Slow reload for an 85 mm gun<br />
* Cannon recoil is so strong it throws the tank around and will not only mess with tanks aim but kick the user off a cliff if they are not careful<br />
* Lightly armoured everywhere besides the front, vulnerable to aircraft strafing, angling even just slightly will expose the extremely weak side armor to vehicles with APCBC shells<br />
* Poor reverse speed<br />
* Mediocre mobility and low maximum speed, considering the light armour<br />
* Poor gun depression<br />
<br />
== History ==<br />
<!-- ''Describe the history of the creation and combat usage of the vehicle in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the vehicle and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Vehicle-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>. This section may also include the vehicle's dev blog entry (if applicable) and the in-game encyclopedia description (under <code><nowiki>=== In-game description ===</nowiki></code>, also if applicable).'' --><br />
===Development===<br />
A new assault gun was requested by the Armed Forces sometime before 1953. Due to the success of the [[ASU-57]], they tasked the OKB-40 design bureau headed by Nikolaj Astrov to design the vehicle. The design, designated "Object 573", was ready for tests in the latter half of 1953. Constant changes and improvement was made from the span of 1956 to 1957. The design used the chassis of the [[PT-76B|PT-76]] amphibious light tank design, though it did not have the same amphibious feature and had a new engine propelling it. The armament was an 85 mm D-70 gun derived from the 85 mm D-48 anti-tank gun. The design could carry 45 rounds inside and could fire a variety of rounds up to 1 km away. Secondary armament for the vehicle was a GMT or PKT coaxial machine gun. The improved design was going to accepted and enter production in 1958 as the SU-85 (despite the existence of [[SU-85|a vehicle of the same name]]), but this was again delayed when the Ministry of Defense ordered an armoured roof to be installed. The design was to enter production in 1961, but by then the design was rather outdated for army forces usage. Thus, when the vehicle entered production, it was taken up by the VDV, the Soviet Airborne Forces, and renamed the ASU-85. The ASU-85 was produced from 1959 to 1966, while staying in service from 1959 all the way to 1993.<br />
<br />
===Usage===<br />
The Soviet airborne forces primarily used the ASU-85 as a light infantry support/assault gun. Advancements in air-drop techniques and the advent of helicopters made its air deployment a more viable option in the early 1960s. The Soviet Union deployed 31 ASU-85s to each of its airborne divisions in and assault gun battalion. The Soviet Union used the ASU-85 during the Soviet-Afghan War with the airborne troops stationed there.<br />
<br />
The ASU-85 was only given out to Poland and Vietnam. Poland used the ASU-85s in the same manner as the Soviet Union, with 31 vehicles in each airborne divisions. The ASU-85 are still in service in the Vietnamese military, with interests on improving their technical performances in early 2016.<ref name="JaneASU-85">Fisher</ref><br />
<br />
The ASU-85 also serves as the genesis of other support vehicles using the derived PT-76 chassis. The most notable vehicle using a similar chassis was the [[ZSU-23-4|ZSU-23-4 "Shilka"]] anti-aircraft system.<br />
<br />
== Media ==<br />
<!-- ''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.'' --><br />
<br />
;Skins<br />
<br />
* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=ussr_asu_85 Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]<br />
<br />
;Videos<br />
{{Youtube-gallery|YuBjyMQLRy0|'''Airmobile tanks''' discusses the {{PAGENAME}} at 2:00 - ''War Thunder Official Channel''|y2G4K-5ZvDw|'''ASU-85 self-propelled gun (Soviet Airborne Forces)''' - ''yolkhere''}}<br />
<br />
== See also ==<br />
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''<br />
<br />
* ''reference to the series of the vehicles;''<br />
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''<br />
<br />
== External links ==<br />
<!-- ''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''<br />
* ''topic on the official game forum;''<br />
* ''other literature.'' --><br />
<br />
* [[wt:en/news/3733-development-asu-85-death-from-the-skies-en/|[Devblog] ASU-85: Death from the Skies]]<br />
* [[Wikipedia:ASU-85|[Wikipedia] ASU-85]]<br />
<br />
===References===<br />
<br />
;Citations<br />
<references /><br />
<br />
;Bibliography<br />
<br />
* Fisher, Richard D., Jr. "DSA 2016: Vietnam May Update Soviet Era ASU-85s." ''IHS Jane's 360'', Janes, 21 April 2016, [http://www.janes.com/article/59688/dsa-2016-vietnam-may-update-soviet-era-asu-85s Website]. ([https://web.archive.org/web/20161228181451/http://www.janes.com/article/59688/dsa-2016-vietnam-may-update-soviet-era-asu-85s Archive])<br />
<br />
{{USSR tank destroyers}}</div>U29417738https://wiki.warthunder.com/index.php?title=T26E5&diff=115845T26E52021-11-13T17:49:12Z<p>U29417738: /* Pros and cons */</p>
<hr />
<div>{{About<br />
| about = American heavy tank '''{{PAGENAME}}'''<br />
| usage = the other T26<br />
| link = T26E1-1<br />
}}<br />
{{Specs-Card<br />
|code=us_t26e5<br />
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
== Description ==<br />
<!-- ''In the description, the first part should be about the history of the creation and combat usage of the vehicle, as well as its key features. In the second part, tell the reader about the ground vehicle in the game. Insert a screenshot of the vehicle, so that if the novice player does not remember the vehicle by name, he will immediately understand what kind of vehicle the article is talking about.'' --><br />
The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} American heavy tank {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update "Ground Breaking"]].<br />
<br />
It is a American assault tank intended to be used like [[M4A3E2]]. It is based on the [[M26]] Pershing, uses the same 90 mm M3 gun but has additional armour on the front and the turret. Therefore, the T26E5 is able to effectively compete with late World war II vehicle even more than its predecessor thanks to the additional armour. <br />
<br />
== General info ==<br />
=== Survivability and armour ===<br />
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}<br />
<!-- ''Describe armour protection. Note the most well protected and key weak areas. Appreciate the layout of modules as well as the number and location of crew members. Is the level of armour protection sufficient, is the placement of modules helpful for survival in combat? If necessary use a visual template to indicate the most secure and weak zones of the armour.'' --><br />
The frontal armour is quite strong, able to resist the Panther's gun or even the Tiger II's Kwk 43 gun if well-angled. A notable weak spot on the front glacis is the machine gun port but it is a small target difficult to hit with precision. The other notable weak spot is the lower front plate. With only 120 mm LOS thickness, it is not able to resist most guns and there is no transmission block to absorb a penetrating shell. Side armour can protect you to a certain degree when angled. When not angling, any gun will punch right through your side armour.<br />
<br />
The turret armour is strong, consisting of variable thickness armour ranging from 150 to 300 mm thickness. It is the strongest near the gun mantlet. There are not many weak spots on the turret except the rear and side rear as there is only 100 to 120 mm armour. Any penetrating shell hitting the turret from the side or rear will most likely knock out all of your crew members in the turret as well as detonate the first-stage ammo rack.<br />
<br />
The cupola with only 76 mm thickness can be penetrated by an APHE shell, taking out your gunner and commander. Because of the small cupola size, it remains a spot difficult to hit it in the first place.<br />
<br />
Survivability is average. You have 5 crew members like a majority of tank at your rank, but because of the cramped space a single powerful enough APHE shell like the IS-2's BR-471 shell can tkae out all your crew members in one shot.<br />
<br />
With only 25 mm roof armour, the T26E5 will be easy to penetrate for fighters sporting 30 mm cannons.<br />
<br />
'''Armour type:'''<br />
<br />
* Rolled homogeneous armour (Hull sides, rear and roof)<br />
* Cast homogeneous armour (Front hull, turret, gun mantlet, cupola)<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|-<br />
! Armour !! Front (Slope angle) !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof<br />
|-<br />
| Hull || 152.6 mm (46°) ''Upper front glacis'' <br> 242 mm (21-35°) ''Upper front bulge'' <br> 25.4 mm ''MG port'' <br> 101.6 mm (31°) ''Lower front glacis'' || 76.2 mm ''Fighting compartment'' <br> 50.8 mm ''Engine compartment'' || 50.8 mm (7°) ''Upper rear plate'' <br> 22.2 mm (72°) ''Lower rear glacis'' || 152.6 mm (44°) ''Front glacis'' <br> 22.2 mm (0-20°) ''Fighting & engine compartments'' <br> 5 mm (10°) ''Engine vents''<br />
|-<br />
| Turret || 170-229 mm (24°) ''Turret front'' <br> 177.5 mm (cylindrical) ''Gun mantlet''|| 160 mm (cylindrical) ''Front & centre'' <br> 110 mm (8°) ''Rear'' || 127 mm (2°) || 25 mm (0-7°)<br />
|-<br />
| Cupola || colspan="3" | 76.2 mm (conical) || 25 mm<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
'''Notes:'''<br />
<br />
* Suspension wheels, tracks and torsion bars are 20 mm thick.<br />
* Mudguards and storage boxes are 4 mm thick.<br />
<br />
=== Mobility ===<br />
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}} <br />
<!-- ''Write about the mobility of the ground vehicle. Estimate the specific power and manoeuvrability, as well as the maximum speed forwards and backwards.'' --><br />
The T26E5 use the same engine as the M26 Pershing. It has a poor power-to-weight ratio and its top speed is 40-43 km/h. But expect the average cruising speed to be closer to 30 km/h. When off-road the speed will drop even more. Lacking neutral steering, it might be difficult for the heavy tank to turn in urban environment. As such, the player should plan the route they want to take carefully and avoid flanking manoeuvres that will take a lot of time.<br />
<br />
{{tankMobility|abMinHp=646|rbMinHp=442|AoAweight=}}<br />
<br />
=== Modifications and economy ===<br />
{{Specs-Economy}}<br />
<br />
== Armaments ==<br />
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}<br />
=== Main armament ===<br />
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}<br />
<!-- ''Give the reader information about the characteristics of the main gun. Assess its effectiveness in a battle based on the reloading speed, ballistics and the power of shells. Do not forget about the flexibility of the fire, that is how quickly the cannon can be aimed at the target, open fire on it and aim at another enemy. Add a link to the main article on the gun: <code><nowiki>{{main|Name of the weapon}}</nowiki></code>. Describe in general terms the ammunition available for the main gun. Give advice on how to use them and how to fill the ammunition storage.'' --><br />
{{main|M3 (90 mm)}}<br />
''Give the reader information about the characteristics of the main gun. Assess its effectiveness in a battle based on the reloading speed, ballistics and the power of shells. Do not forget about the flexibility of the fire, that is how quickly the cannon can be aimed at the target, open fire on it and aim at another enemy. Add a link to the main article on the gun: <code><nowiki>{{main|Name of the weapon}}</nowiki></code>. Describe in general terms the ammunition available for the main gun. Give advice on how to use them and how to fill the ammunition storage.''<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="5" | [[M3 (90 mm)|90 mm M3]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)<br />
|-<br />
! Mode !! Capacity !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer<br />
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced<br />
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced<br />
|-<br />
! ''Arcade''<br />
| rowspan="2" | 70 || rowspan="2" | -10°/+20° || rowspan="2" | ±180° || rowspan="2" | N/A || __._ || __._ || __._ || __._ || __._ || rowspan="2" | _.__ || rowspan="2" | _.__ || rowspan="2" | _.__ || rowspan="2" | _.__<br />
|-<br />
! ''Realistic''<br />
| __._ || __._ || __._ || __._ || __._<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==== Ammunition ====<br />
The T26E5 use the same 90 mm M3 cannon as the M26 and fires the same ammunition. Once unlocked, the T26E5 will have an APBC shell as its default round. The APBC has decent characteristics but because it doesn't have any explosive filler, it should be replaced by the APCBC shell as soon as possible. The APCR shot can be used to penetrate some heavily armoured vehicle such as the [[Tiger II (H)]], the [[Ferdinand]] or the [[Jagdtiger]] but the player should be aware of the poor post-penetration damage of the APCR projectile. Thus, the APCR should be used as a last resort against an already disabled tank. The HE shell can be used to damage lightly armoured vehicles and the smoke shell can be used to provide smoke cover for teammates or to blind entrenched enemy tanks.<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"<br />
! colspan="8" | Penetration statistics<br />
|-<br />
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition<br />
! rowspan="2" | Type of<br>warhead<br />
! colspan="6" | Penetration @ 0° Angle of Attack (mm)<br />
|-<br />
! 10 m !! 100 m !! 500 m !! 1,000 m !! 1,500 m !! 2,000 m<br />
|-<br />
| T33 shot || APBC || 175 || 172 || 160 || 146 || 132 || 122<br />
|-<br />
| M82 shot || APCBC || 173 || 170 || 159 || 147 || 135 || 124<br />
|-<br />
| M304 shot || APCR || 287 || 281 || 259 || 234 || 211 || 191<br />
|-<br />
| M71 shell || HE || 13 || 13 || 13 || 13 || 13 || 13<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"<br />
! colspan="10" | Shell details<br />
|-<br />
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition<br />
! rowspan="2" | Type of<br>warhead<br />
! rowspan="2" | Velocity<br>(m/s)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Projectile<br>Mass (kg)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Fuse delay<br>(m)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Fuse sensitivity<br>(mm)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Explosive Mass<br>(TNT equivalent) (g)<br />
! colspan="3" | Ricochet<br />
|-<br />
! 0% !! 50% !! 100%<br />
|-<br />
| T33 shot || APBC || 853 ||10.9 || N/A || N/A || N/A || 47 || 60 || 65<br />
|-<br />
| M82 shot || APCBC || 813 || 10.9 || 1.2 || 14 || 137.2 || 48 || 63 || 71<br />
|-<br />
| M304 shot || APCR || 1,021 || 7.6 || N/A || N/A || N/A || 66 || 70 || 72<br />
|-<br />
| M71 shell || HE || 823 || 10.6 || 0 || 0.1 || 925 || 79 || 80 || 81<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"<br />
! colspan="7" | Smoke shell characteristics<br />
|-<br />
! Ammunition<br />
! Velocity<br>(m/s)<br />
! Projectile<br>Mass (kg)<br />
! Screen radius<br>(m)<br />
! Screen deploy time<br>(s)<br />
! Screen hold time<br>(s)<br />
! Explosive Mass<br>(TNT equivalent) (g)<br />
|-<br />
| M313 || 821 || 10.7 || 13 || 5 || 20 || 50<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==== [[Ammo racks]] ====<br />
<!-- [[File:Ammoracks_{{PAGENAME}}.png|right|thumb|x250px|[[Ammo racks]] of the {{PAGENAME}}]] --><br />
<!-- '''Last updated:''' --><br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"<br />
|-<br />
! Full<br>ammo<br />
! 1st<br>rack empty<br />
! 2nd<br>rack empty<br />
! 3rd<br>rack empty<br />
! 4th<br>rack empty<br />
! 5th<br>rack empty<br />
! 6th<br>rack empty<br />
! Visual<br>discrepancy<br />
|-<br />
| '''70''' || __&nbsp;''(+__)'' || __&nbsp;''(+__)'' || __&nbsp;''(+__)'' || __&nbsp;''(+__)'' || __&nbsp;''(+__)'' || __&nbsp;''(+__)'' || __<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
=== Machine guns ===<br />
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|2}}<br />
<!-- ''Offensive and anti-aircraft machine guns not only allow you to fight some aircraft but also are effective against lightly armoured vehicles. Evaluate machine guns and give recommendations on its use.'' --><br />
{{main|M2HB (12.7 mm)|M1919A4 (7.62 mm)}}<br />
<br />
The 12.7 mm M2HB Browning can shred light tanks and also engage low-flying aircraft to a certain degree. The coaxial low-calibre machine gun is not able to damage anything except open-topped vehicles.<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="5" | [[M2HB (12.7 mm)|12.7 mm M2HB]]<br />
|-<br />
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal<br />
|-<br />
| Pintle || 600 (200)|| 577 || -10°/+30° || ±60°<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="5" | [[M1919A4 (7.62 mm)|7.62 mm M1919A4]]<br />
|-<br />
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal<br />
|-<br />
| Coaxial || 3000 (250) || 500 || N/A || N/A<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
== Usage in battles ==<br />
<!-- ''Describe the tactics of playing in the vehicle, the features of using vehicles in the team and advice on tactics. Refrain from creating a "guide" - do not impose a single point of view but instead give the reader food for thought. Describe the most dangerous enemies and give recommendations on fighting them. If necessary, note the specifics of the game in different modes (AB, RB, SB).'' --><br />
''Describe the tactics of playing in the vehicle, the features of using vehicles in the team and advice on tactics. Refrain from creating a "guide" - do not impose a single point of view but instead give the reader food for thought. Describe the most dangerous enemies and give recommendations on fighting them. If necessary, note the specifics of the game in different modes (AB, RB, SB).''<br />
<br />
=== Pros and cons ===<br />
<!-- ''Summarise and briefly evaluate the vehicle in terms of its characteristics and combat effectiveness. Mark its pros and cons in a bulleted list. Try not to use more than 6 points for each of the characteristics. Avoid using categorical definitions such as "bad", "good" and the like - use substitutions with softer forms such as "inadequate" and "effective".'' --><br />
'''Pros:'''<br />
<br />
* Adequately armoured, capable of shrugging off shells fired by lower BR tanks<br />
* 90 mm M3 cannon is a noticeable upgrade from the Jumbo's 76 mm M1 cannon<br />
* APCR shell is able to penetrate most heavily armoured targets<br />
* Weak spots are relatively small and difficult to hit<br />
* Serves the same purpose and role as the preceding M4A3E2 (76) W Jumbo<br />
* M82 has insane damage potential - either destroys in a single hit or severely cripples your target<br />
* Frontal armour can, when properly angled, even shrug off the dreaded 88 mm shells fired by the Tiger II <br />
* Stronger lower frontal plate than on the regular M26's <br />
* Reverse speed is decently high and fairly responsive <br />
* Strong mantlet armour , a true force to be reckoned with in a hull-down fighting position <br />
* Decent zoom and relatively wide FOV in the gunner's sight <br />
* Fairly quick turret rotation <br />
<br />
'''Cons:'''<br />
<br />
* 90 mm M3 is inadequate in uptiers<br />
* M82 shot does not like sloped armour - bounces frequently<br />
* Long 88 and 122 mm cannons can still penetrate it frontally if not angled<br />
* Increased armour makes the vehicle even more sluggish than the already sluggish M26 its based on<br />
* Very low power-to-weight ratio - sluggish acceleration and low reactive mobility<br />
* Side armour can easily be penetrated by most weapons at its BR<br />
* Average survivability<br />
* Struggles when uptiered - its armour loses its value due to facing more potent ammunition and the mobility and speed is too low to keep up with the faster, more manoeuvrable cold war MBTs it can face<br />
* Large muzzle break frequently attracts shells - expect your gun to be knocked out frequently<br />
* First stage ammunition is stored upright in the turret - ammo detonations are quite frequent<br />
* Unimpressive reload rate for the main gun <br />
<br />
== History ==<br />
<!-- ''Describe the history of the creation and combat usage of the vehicle in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the vehicle and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Vehicle-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>. This section may also include the vehicle's dev blog entry (if applicable) and the in-game encyclopedia description (under <code><nowiki>=== In-game description ===</nowiki></code>, also if applicable).'' --><br />
''Describe the history of the creation and combat usage of the vehicle in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the vehicle and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Vehicle-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>. This section may also include the vehicle's dev blog entry (if applicable) and the in-game encyclopedia description (under <code><nowiki>=== In-game description ===</nowiki></code>, also if applicable).''<br />
<br />
== Media ==<br />
<!-- ''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.'' --><br />
<br />
;Skins<br />
<br />
* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=us_t26e5 Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]<br />
<br />
== See also ==<br />
<!-- ''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''<br />
* ''reference to the series of the vehicles;''<br />
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.'' --><br />
<br />
* [[M26 (Family)]]<br />
<br />
== External links ==<br />
<!-- ''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''<br />
* ''topic on the official game forum;''<br />
* ''other literature.'' --><br />
''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''<br />
<br />
* ''topic on the official game forum;''<br />
* ''other literature.''<br />
<br />
{{USA heavy tanks}}</div>U29417738https://wiki.warthunder.com/index.php?title=VCC-80/30&diff=115844VCC-80/302021-11-13T17:46:12Z<p>U29417738: /* Pros and cons */</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Specs-Card<br />
|code=it_vcc_80_hitfist_30<br />
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_VCC-80-30.jpg}}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
== Description ==<br />
<!-- ''In the description, the first part should be about the history of the creation and combat usage of the vehicle, as well as its key features. In the second part, tell the reader about the ground vehicle in the game. Insert a screenshot of the vehicle, so that if the novice player does not remember the vehicle by name, he will immediately understand what kind of vehicle the article is talking about.'' --><br />
The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} Italian light tank {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update "Ground Breaking"]].<br />
<br />
== General info ==<br />
=== Survivability and armour ===<br />
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}<br />
<!-- ''Describe armour protection. Note the most well protected and key weak areas. Appreciate the layout of modules as well as the number and location of crew members. Is the level of armour protection sufficient, is the placement of modules helpful for survival in combat? If necessary use a visual template to indicate the most secure and weak zones of the armour.'' --><br />
''Describe armour protection. Note the most well protected and key weak areas. Appreciate the layout of modules as well as the number and location of crew members. Is the level of armour protection sufficient, is the placement of modules helpful for survival in combat? If necessary use a visual template to indicate the most secure and weak zones of the armour.''<br />
<br />
'''Armour type:''' <!-- The types of armour present on the vehicle and their general locations --><br />
<!-- Example: * Rolled homogeneous armour (Front, Side, Rear, Hull roof)<br />
* Cast homogeneous armour (Turret, Transmission area) --><br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|-<br />
! Armour !! Front (Slope angle) !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof<br />
|-<br />
| Hull || ___ mm || ___ mm ''Top'' <br> ___ mm ''Bottom'' || ___ mm || ___ - ___ mm<br />
|-<br />
| Turret || ___ - ___ mm ''Turret front'' <br> ___ mm ''Gun mantlet'' || ___ - ___ mm || ___ - ___ mm || ___ - ___ mm<br />
|-<br />
| Cupola || ___ mm || ___ mm || ___ mm || ___ mm<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
'''Notes:''' <!-- Any additional notes which the user needs to be aware of --><br />
<!-- Example: * Suspension wheels are 20 mm thick, tracks are 30 mm thick, and torsion bars are 60 mm thick. --><br />
<br />
=== Mobility ===<br />
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}<br />
<!-- ''Write about the mobility of the ground vehicle. Estimate the specific power and manoeuvrability, as well as the maximum speed forwards and backwards.'' --><br />
<br />
{{tankMobility|abMinHp=806|rbMinHp=460}}<br />
<br />
=== Modifications and economy ===<br />
{{Specs-Economy}}<br />
<br />
== Armaments ==<br />
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}<br />
=== Main armament ===<br />
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|2}}<br />
<!-- ''Give the reader information about the characteristics of the main gun. Assess its effectiveness in a battle based on the reloading speed, ballistics and the power of shells. Do not forget about the flexibility of the fire, that is how quickly the cannon can be aimed at the target, open fire on it and aim at another enemy. Add a link to the main article on the gun: <code><nowiki>{{main|Name of the weapon}}</nowiki></code>. Describe in general terms the ammunition available for the main gun. Give advice on how to use them and how to fill the ammunition storage.'' --><br />
{{main|Bushmaster 2 Mk.44 (30 mm)}}<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="6" | [[Bushmaster 2 Mk.44 (30 mm)|30 mm Bushmaster 2 Mk.44]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)<br />
|-<br />
! Mode !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer<br />
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced<br />
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced<br />
|-<br />
! ''Arcade''<br />
| rowspan="2" | 360 (90) || rowspan="2" | 200 || rowspan="2" | -10°/+60° || rowspan="2" | ±180° || rowspan="2" | Two-plane || 54.5 || 75.5 || 91.7 || 101.4 || 107.9 || rowspan="2" | 13.00 || rowspan="2" | 11.50 || rowspan="2" | 10.60 || rowspan="2" | 10.00<br />
|-<br />
! ''Realistic''<br />
| 34.1 || 40.1 || 48.7 || 53.9 || 57.3<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==== Ammunition ====<br />
<br />
* '''Default:''' {{Annotation|APDS|Armour-piercing discarding sabot}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEI-T*|High-explosive incendiary tracer (self-destroying)}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEI-T*|High-explosive incendiary tracer (self-destroying)}}<br />
* '''MK266:''' {{Annotation|HEI-T*|High-explosive incendiary tracer (self-destroying)}}<br />
* '''MK258:''' {{Annotation|APFSDS|Armour-piercing fin-stabilized discarding sabot}}<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"<br />
! colspan="7" | Penetration statistics<br />
|-<br />
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Belt<br />
! colspan="6" | Penetration @ 0° Angle of Attack (mm)<br />
|-<br />
! 10 m !! 100 m !! 500 m !! 1,000 m !! 1,500 m !! 2,000 m<br />
|-<br />
| Default || 87 || 86 || 81 || 75 || 70 || 65<br />
|-<br />
| MK266 || 3 || 3 || 3 || 3 || 3 || 3<br />
|-<br />
| MK258 || 116 || 115 || 110 || 104 || 99 || 93<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"<br />
! colspan="10" | Belt details<br />
|-<br />
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Belt<br />
! rowspan="2" | Type of<br>warhead<br />
! rowspan="2" | Velocity<br>(m/s)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Projectile<br>Mass (kg)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Fuse delay<br>(m)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Fuse sensitivity<br>(mm)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Explosive Mass<br>(TNT equivalent) (g)<br />
! colspan="3" | Ricochet<br />
|-<br />
! 0% !! 50% !! 100%<br />
|-<br />
| MK266 || HEI-T* || 1,080 || 0.36 || 0 || 0.1 || 54.4 || 79° || 80° || 81°<br />
|-<br />
| MK258 || APFSDS || 1,430 || 0.1 || N/A || N/A || N/A || 78° || 80° || 81°<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==== [[Ammo racks]] ====<br />
<!-- [[File:Ammoracks_{{PAGENAME}}.png|right|thumb|x250px|[[Ammo racks]] of the {{PAGENAME}}]] --><br />
<!-- '''Last updated:''' --><br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"<br />
|-<br />
! Full<br>ammo<br />
! 1st<br>rack empty<br />
! 2nd<br>rack empty<br />
! 3rd<br>rack empty<br />
! 4th<br>rack empty<br />
! 5th<br>rack empty<br />
! 6th<br>rack empty<br />
! Visual<br>discrepancy<br />
|-<br />
| '''4''' || __&nbsp;''(+__)'' || __&nbsp;''(+__)'' || __&nbsp;''(+__)'' || __&nbsp;''(+__)'' || __&nbsp;''(+__)'' || __&nbsp;''(+__)'' || __<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
=== Additional armament ===<br />
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}<br />
<!-- ''Some tanks are armed with several guns in one or more turrets. Evaluate the additional weaponry and give advice on its use. Describe the ammunition available for additional weaponry. Give advice on about how to use them and how to fill the ammunition storage. If there is no additional weaponry remove this subsection.'' --><br />
{{main|BGM-71 TOW}}<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="4" | [[BGM-71 TOW]] missile || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)<br />
|-<br />
! Capacity (Belt) !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer<br />
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced<br />
|-<br />
| 8 (2) || -6°/+30° || N/A || N/A || 13.0 || 11.5 || 10.6 || 10.0<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==== Ammunition ====<br />
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"<br />
! colspan="8" | Penetration statistics<br />
|-<br />
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition<br />
! rowspan="2" | Type of<br>warhead<br />
! colspan="6" | Penetration @ 0° Angle of Attack (mm)<br />
|-<br />
! 10 m !! 100 m !! 500 m !! 1,000 m !! 1,500 m !! 2,000 m<br />
|-<br />
| TOW-2 || ATGM || 800 || 800 || 800 || 800 || 800 || 800<br />
|-<br />
| TOW-2A || ATGM (tandem) || 800 || 800 || 800 || 800 || 800 || 800<br />
|-<br />
| TOW-2B || ATGM || 100 || 100 || 100 || 100 || 100 || 100<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"<br />
! colspan="11" | Shell details<br />
|-<br />
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition<br />
! rowspan="2" | Type of<br>warhead<br />
! rowspan="2" | Velocity<br>(m/s)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Range<br>(m)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Projectile<br>Mass (kg)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Fuse delay<br>(m)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Fuse sensitivity<br>(mm)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Explosive Mass<br>(TNT equivalent) (g)<br />
! colspan="3" | Ricochet<br />
|-<br />
! 0% !! 50% !! 100%<br />
|-<br />
| TOW-2 || ATGM || 329 || 3,750 || 21.45 || 0.05 || 0.1 || 4,100 || 80° || 82° || 90°<br />
|-<br />
| TOW-2A || ATGM (tandem) || 329 || 3,750 || 22.63 || 0.4 || 0.1 || 4,190 || 80° || 82° || 90°<br />
|-<br />
| TOW-2B || ATGM || 309 || 3,750 || 22.59 || 0.05 || 0.1 || 3,140 || 80° || 82° || 90°<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==== [[Ammo racks]] ====<br />
<!-- [[File:Ammoracks_{{PAGENAME}}.png|right|thumb|x250px|[[Ammo racks]] of the {{PAGENAME}}]] --><br />
<!-- '''Last updated:''' --><br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"<br />
|-<br />
! Full<br>ammo<br />
! 1st<br>rack empty<br />
! 2nd<br>rack empty<br />
! 3rd<br>rack empty<br />
! 4th<br>rack empty<br />
! 5th<br>rack empty<br />
! 6th<br>rack empty<br />
! Visual<br>discrepancy<br />
|-<br />
| '''4''' || __&nbsp;''(+__)'' || __&nbsp;''(+__)'' || __&nbsp;''(+__)'' || __&nbsp;''(+__)'' || __&nbsp;''(+__)'' || __&nbsp;''(+__)'' || __<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
=== Machine guns ===<br />
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|3}}<br />
<!-- ''Offensive and anti-aircraft machine guns not only allow you to fight some aircraft but also are effective against lightly armoured vehicles. Evaluate machine guns and give recommendations on its use.'' --><br />
{{main|Beretta MG42/59 (7.62 mm)}}<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="5" | [[Beretta MG42/59 (7.62 mm)|7.62 mm Beretta MG42/59]]<br />
|-<br />
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal<br />
|-<br />
| Coaxial || 1,200 (200) || 1,200 || N/A || N/A<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
== Usage in battles ==<br />
<!-- ''Describe the tactics of playing in the vehicle, the features of using vehicles in the team and advice on tactics. Refrain from creating a "guide" - do not impose a single point of view but instead give the reader food for thought. Describe the most dangerous enemies and give recommendations on fighting them. If necessary, note the specifics of the game in different modes (AB, RB, SB).'' --><br />
''Describe the tactics of playing in the vehicle, the features of using vehicles in the team and advice on tactics. Refrain from creating a "guide" - do not impose a single point of view but instead give the reader food for thought. Describe the most dangerous enemies and give recommendations on fighting them. If necessary, note the specifics of the game in different modes (AB, RB, SB).''<br />
<br />
=== Pros and cons ===<br />
<!-- ''Summarise and briefly evaluate the vehicle in terms of its characteristics and combat effectiveness. Mark its pros and cons in a bulleted list. Try not to use more than 6 points for each of the characteristics. Avoid using categorical definitions such as "bad", "good" and the like - use substitutions with softer forms such as "inadequate" and "effective".'' --><br />
''Summarise and briefly evaluate the vehicle in terms of its characteristics and combat effectiveness. Mark its pros and cons in a bulleted list. Try not to use more than 6 points for each of the characteristics. Avoid using categorical definitions such as "bad", "good" and the like - use substitutions with softer forms such as "inadequate" and "effective".''<br />
<br />
'''Pros:'''<br />
<br />
* Fantastic mobility<br />
* High speed, both forwards (70 km/h) and in reverse (34 km/h)<br />
* Uses the 30 mm Bushmaster II instead of the 25 mm Oerlikon - increased APFSDS penetration<br />
* Access to a full APFSDS belt<br />
* Various missiles at your disposal - standard TOW-2's, tandem-charge TOW-2A's and the infamous top-attack TOW-2B's<br />
* Great zoom and wide FOV in the gunner's and commander's sight<br />
* High gun elevation - capable of engaging helicopters and other aircraft<br />
* Capable of firing 2 rockets without having to wait for the launchers to elevate<br />
* Responsive neutral steering<br />
* Eager to accelerate both forwards and in reverse<br />
* Low profile, unlike its American and Swedish contemporary, the M3A3 Bradley and Strf 9040 BILL<br />
* Very fast turret rotation<br />
<br />
*<br />
<br />
'''Cons:'''<br />
<br />
* Much slower rate of fire than the 25 mm Oerlikon found on the Dardo - 200 rounds/min for the VCC-80/30, 500 rounds/min for the Dardo<br />
* Weak armour, as is expected from an IFV<br />
* Stock belts consists of one single APDS shot, this, combined with the slow rate of fire, can land you in serious trouble when engaging enemy vehicles<br />
* Cramped turret with only 2 crewmembers - hits on the turret are usually fatal<br />
* Cannot fire missiles on the move, unlike the Russian BMP-2M<br />
* Tendency to oversteer at high speeds<br />
<br />
*<br />
<br />
== History ==<br />
<!-- ''Describe the history of the creation and combat usage of the vehicle in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the vehicle and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Vehicle-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>. This section may also include the vehicle's dev blog entry (if applicable) and the in-game encyclopedia description (under <code><nowiki>=== In-game description ===</nowiki></code>, also if applicable).'' --><br />
''Describe the history of the creation and combat usage of the vehicle in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the vehicle and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Vehicle-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>. This section may also include the vehicle's dev blog entry (if applicable) and the in-game encyclopedia description (under <code><nowiki>=== In-game description ===</nowiki></code>, also if applicable).''<br />
<br />
== Media ==<br />
<!-- ''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.'' --><br />
''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.''<br />
<br />
== See also ==<br />
<!-- ''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''<br />
* ''reference to the series of the vehicles;''<br />
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.'' --><br />
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''<br />
<br />
* ''reference to the series of the vehicles;''<br />
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''<br />
<br />
== External links ==<br />
<!-- ''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''<br />
* ''topic on the official game forum;''<br />
* ''other literature.'' --><br />
<br />
* [[wt:en/news/7371-development-vcc-80-30-dardo-s-elder-brother-en|[Devblog] VCC-80/30: Dardo's elder brother]]<br />
* [https://www.iveco-otomelara.com/tracked/DardoAifv.php <nowiki>[Iveco - Oto Melara]</nowiki> Dardo AIFV/ATGM]<br />
<br />
{{Italy light tanks}}<br />
[[Category:ATGM vehicles]]</div>U29417738https://wiki.warthunder.com/index.php?title=T26E5&diff=115804T26E52021-11-12T14:27:53Z<p>U29417738: /* Pros and cons */</p>
<hr />
<div>{{About<br />
| about = American heavy tank '''{{PAGENAME}}'''<br />
| usage = the other T26<br />
| link = T26E1-1<br />
}}<br />
{{Specs-Card<br />
|code=us_t26e5<br />
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
== Description ==<br />
<!-- ''In the description, the first part should be about the history of the creation and combat usage of the vehicle, as well as its key features. In the second part, tell the reader about the ground vehicle in the game. Insert a screenshot of the vehicle, so that if the novice player does not remember the vehicle by name, he will immediately understand what kind of vehicle the article is talking about.'' --><br />
The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} American heavy tank {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update "Ground Breaking"]].<br />
<br />
It is a American assault tank intended to be used like [[M4A3E2]]. It is based on the [[M26]] Pershing, uses the same 90 mm M3 gun but has additional armour on the front and the turret. Therefore, the T26E5 is able to effectively compete with late World war II vehicle even more than its predecessor thanks to the additional armour. <br />
<br />
== General info ==<br />
=== Survivability and armour ===<br />
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}<br />
<!-- ''Describe armour protection. Note the most well protected and key weak areas. Appreciate the layout of modules as well as the number and location of crew members. Is the level of armour protection sufficient, is the placement of modules helpful for survival in combat? If necessary use a visual template to indicate the most secure and weak zones of the armour.'' --><br />
The frontal armour is quite strong, able to resist the Panther's gun or even the Tiger II's Kwk 43 gun if well-angled. A notable weak spot on the front glacis is the machine gun port but it is a small target difficult to hit with precision. The other notable weak spot is the lower front plate. With only 120 mm LOS thickness, it is not able to resist most guns and there is no transmission block to absorb a penetrating shell. Side armour can protect you to a certain degree when angled. When not angling, any gun will punch right through your side armour.<br />
<br />
The turret armour is strong, consisting of variable thickness armour ranging from 150 to 300 mm thickness. It is the strongest near the gun mantlet. There are not many weak spots on the turret except the rear and side rear as there is only 100 to 120 mm armour. Any penetrating shell hitting the turret from the side or rear will most likely knock out all of your crew members in the turret as well as detonate the first-stage ammo rack.<br />
<br />
The cupola with only 76 mm thickness can be penetrated by an APHE shell, taking out your gunner and commander. Because of the small cupola size, it remains a spot difficult to hit it in the first place.<br />
<br />
Survivability is average. You have 5 crew members like a majority of tank at your rank, but because of the cramped space a single powerful enough APHE shell like the IS-2's BR-471 shell can tkae out all your crew members in one shot.<br />
<br />
With only 25 mm roof armour, the T26E5 will be easy to penetrate for fighters sporting 30 mm cannons.<br />
<br />
'''Armour type:'''<br />
<br />
* Rolled homogeneous armour (Hull sides, rear and roof)<br />
* Cast homogeneous armour (Front hull, turret, gun mantlet, cupola)<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|-<br />
! Armour !! Front (Slope angle) !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof<br />
|-<br />
| Hull || 152.6 mm (46°) ''Upper front glacis'' <br> 242 mm (21-35°) ''Upper front bulge'' <br> 25.4 mm ''MG port'' <br> 101.6 mm (31°) ''Lower front glacis'' || 76.2 mm ''Fighting compartment'' <br> 50.8 mm ''Engine compartment'' || 50.8 mm (7°) ''Upper rear plate'' <br> 22.2 mm (72°) ''Lower rear glacis'' || 152.6 mm (44°) ''Front glacis'' <br> 22.2 mm (0-20°) ''Fighting & engine compartments'' <br> 5 mm (10°) ''Engine vents''<br />
|-<br />
| Turret || 170-229 mm (24°) ''Turret front'' <br> 177.5 mm (cylindrical) ''Gun mantlet''|| 160 mm (cylindrical) ''Front & centre'' <br> 110 mm (8°) ''Rear'' || 127 mm (2°) || 25 mm (0-7°)<br />
|-<br />
| Cupola || colspan="3" | 76.2 mm (conical) || 25 mm<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
'''Notes:'''<br />
<br />
* Suspension wheels, tracks and torsion bars are 20 mm thick.<br />
* Mudguards and storage boxes are 4 mm thick.<br />
<br />
=== Mobility ===<br />
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}} <br />
<!-- ''Write about the mobility of the ground vehicle. Estimate the specific power and manoeuvrability, as well as the maximum speed forwards and backwards.'' --><br />
The T26E5 use the same engine as the M26 Pershing. It has a poor power-to-weight ratio and its top speed is 40-43 km/h. But expect the average cruising speed to be closer to 30 km/h. When off-road the speed will drop even more. Lacking neutral steering, it might be difficult for the heavy tank to turn in urban environment. As such, the player should plan the route they want to take carefully and avoid flanking manoeuvres that will take a lot of time.<br />
<br />
{{tankMobility|abMinHp=646|rbMinHp=442|AoAweight=}}<br />
<br />
=== Modifications and economy ===<br />
{{Specs-Economy}}<br />
<br />
== Armaments ==<br />
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}<br />
=== Main armament ===<br />
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}<br />
<!-- ''Give the reader information about the characteristics of the main gun. Assess its effectiveness in a battle based on the reloading speed, ballistics and the power of shells. Do not forget about the flexibility of the fire, that is how quickly the cannon can be aimed at the target, open fire on it and aim at another enemy. Add a link to the main article on the gun: <code><nowiki>{{main|Name of the weapon}}</nowiki></code>. Describe in general terms the ammunition available for the main gun. Give advice on how to use them and how to fill the ammunition storage.'' --><br />
{{main|M3 (90 mm)}}<br />
''Give the reader information about the characteristics of the main gun. Assess its effectiveness in a battle based on the reloading speed, ballistics and the power of shells. Do not forget about the flexibility of the fire, that is how quickly the cannon can be aimed at the target, open fire on it and aim at another enemy. Add a link to the main article on the gun: <code><nowiki>{{main|Name of the weapon}}</nowiki></code>. Describe in general terms the ammunition available for the main gun. Give advice on how to use them and how to fill the ammunition storage.''<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="5" | [[M3 (90 mm)|90 mm M3]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)<br />
|-<br />
! Mode !! Capacity !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer<br />
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced<br />
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced<br />
|-<br />
! ''Arcade''<br />
| rowspan="2" | 70 || rowspan="2" | -10°/+20° || rowspan="2" | ±180° || rowspan="2" | N/A || __._ || __._ || __._ || __._ || __._ || rowspan="2" | _.__ || rowspan="2" | _.__ || rowspan="2" | _.__ || rowspan="2" | _.__<br />
|-<br />
! ''Realistic''<br />
| __._ || __._ || __._ || __._ || __._<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==== Ammunition ====<br />
The T26E5 use the same 90 mm M3 cannon as the M26 and fires the same ammunition. Once unlocked, the T26E5 will have an APBC shell as its default round. The APBC has decent characteristics but because it doesn't have any explosive filler, it should be replaced by the APCBC shell as soon as possible. The APCR shot can be used to penetrate some heavily armoured vehicle such as the [[Tiger II (H)]], the [[Ferdinand]] or the [[Jagdtiger]] but the player should be aware of the poor post-penetration damage of the APCR projectile. Thus, the APCR should be used as a last resort against an already disabled tank. The HE shell can be used to damage lightly armoured vehicles and the smoke shell can be used to provide smoke cover for teammates or to blind entrenched enemy tanks.<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"<br />
! colspan="8" | Penetration statistics<br />
|-<br />
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition<br />
! rowspan="2" | Type of<br>warhead<br />
! colspan="6" | Penetration @ 0° Angle of Attack (mm)<br />
|-<br />
! 10 m !! 100 m !! 500 m !! 1,000 m !! 1,500 m !! 2,000 m<br />
|-<br />
| T33 shot || APBC || 175 || 172 || 160 || 146 || 132 || 122<br />
|-<br />
| M82 shot || APCBC || 173 || 170 || 159 || 147 || 135 || 124<br />
|-<br />
| M304 shot || APCR || 287 || 281 || 259 || 234 || 211 || 191<br />
|-<br />
| M71 shell || HE || 13 || 13 || 13 || 13 || 13 || 13<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"<br />
! colspan="10" | Shell details<br />
|-<br />
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition<br />
! rowspan="2" | Type of<br>warhead<br />
! rowspan="2" | Velocity<br>(m/s)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Projectile<br>Mass (kg)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Fuse delay<br>(m)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Fuse sensitivity<br>(mm)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Explosive Mass<br>(TNT equivalent) (g)<br />
! colspan="3" | Ricochet<br />
|-<br />
! 0% !! 50% !! 100%<br />
|-<br />
| T33 shot || APBC || 853 ||10.9 || N/A || N/A || N/A || 47 || 60 || 65<br />
|-<br />
| M82 shot || APCBC || 813 || 10.9 || 1.2 || 14 || 137.2 || 48 || 63 || 71<br />
|-<br />
| M304 shot || APCR || 1,021 || 7.6 || N/A || N/A || N/A || 66 || 70 || 72<br />
|-<br />
| M71 shell || HE || 823 || 10.6 || 0 || 0.1 || 925 || 79 || 80 || 81<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"<br />
! colspan="7" | Smoke shell characteristics<br />
|-<br />
! Ammunition<br />
! Velocity<br>(m/s)<br />
! Projectile<br>Mass (kg)<br />
! Screen radius<br>(m)<br />
! Screen deploy time<br>(s)<br />
! Screen hold time<br>(s)<br />
! Explosive Mass<br>(TNT equivalent) (g)<br />
|-<br />
| M313 || 821 || 10.7 || 13 || 5 || 20 || 50<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==== [[Ammo racks]] ====<br />
<!-- [[File:Ammoracks_{{PAGENAME}}.png|right|thumb|x250px|[[Ammo racks]] of the {{PAGENAME}}]] --><br />
<!-- '''Last updated:''' --><br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"<br />
|-<br />
! Full<br>ammo<br />
! 1st<br>rack empty<br />
! 2nd<br>rack empty<br />
! 3rd<br>rack empty<br />
! 4th<br>rack empty<br />
! 5th<br>rack empty<br />
! 6th<br>rack empty<br />
! Visual<br>discrepancy<br />
|-<br />
| '''70''' || __&nbsp;''(+__)'' || __&nbsp;''(+__)'' || __&nbsp;''(+__)'' || __&nbsp;''(+__)'' || __&nbsp;''(+__)'' || __&nbsp;''(+__)'' || __<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
=== Machine guns ===<br />
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|2}}<br />
<!-- ''Offensive and anti-aircraft machine guns not only allow you to fight some aircraft but also are effective against lightly armoured vehicles. Evaluate machine guns and give recommendations on its use.'' --><br />
{{main|M2HB (12.7 mm)|M1919A4 (7.62 mm)}}<br />
<br />
The 12.7 mm M2HB Browning can shred light tanks and also engage low-flying aircraft to a certain degree. The coaxial low-calibre machine gun is not able to damage anything except open-topped vehicles.<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="5" | [[M2HB (12.7 mm)|12.7 mm M2HB]]<br />
|-<br />
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal<br />
|-<br />
| Pintle || 600 (200)|| 577 || -10°/+30° || ±60°<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="5" | [[M1919A4 (7.62 mm)|7.62 mm M1919A4]]<br />
|-<br />
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal<br />
|-<br />
| Coaxial || 3000 (250) || 500 || N/A || N/A<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
== Usage in battles ==<br />
<!-- ''Describe the tactics of playing in the vehicle, the features of using vehicles in the team and advice on tactics. Refrain from creating a "guide" - do not impose a single point of view but instead give the reader food for thought. Describe the most dangerous enemies and give recommendations on fighting them. If necessary, note the specifics of the game in different modes (AB, RB, SB).'' --><br />
''Describe the tactics of playing in the vehicle, the features of using vehicles in the team and advice on tactics. Refrain from creating a "guide" - do not impose a single point of view but instead give the reader food for thought. Describe the most dangerous enemies and give recommendations on fighting them. If necessary, note the specifics of the game in different modes (AB, RB, SB).''<br />
<br />
=== Pros and cons ===<br />
<!-- ''Summarise and briefly evaluate the vehicle in terms of its characteristics and combat effectiveness. Mark its pros and cons in a bulleted list. Try not to use more than 6 points for each of the characteristics. Avoid using categorical definitions such as "bad", "good" and the like - use substitutions with softer forms such as "inadequate" and "effective".'' --><br />
'''Pros:'''<br />
<br />
* Adequately armoured, capable of shrugging off shells fired by lower BR tanks<br />
* 90 mm M3 cannon is a noticeable upgrade from the Jumbo's 76 mm M1 cannon<br />
* APCR shell is able to penetrate most heavily armoured targets<br />
* Weak spots are relatively small and difficult to hit<br />
* Serves the same purpose and role as the preceding M4A3E2 (76) W Jumbo<br />
* M82 has insane damage potential - either destroys in a single hit or severly cripples your target<br />
* Frontal armour can, when properly angled, even shrug off the dreaded 88 mm shells fired by the Tiger II <br />
* Stronger lower frontal plate than on the regular M26's <br />
* Reverse is decently high and fairly responsive <br />
<br />
'''Cons:'''<br />
<br />
* 90 mm M3 is inadequate in uptiers<br />
* M82 shot does not like angled armour - bounces frequently<br />
* Long 88 and 122 mm cannons can still penetrate it frontally if not angled<br />
* Increased armour makes the vehicle even more sluggish than the already sluggish M26 its based on<br />
* Very low HP/T ratio - sluggish acceleration and low reactive mobility<br />
* Side armour can easily be penetrated by most weapons at its BR<br />
* Average survivability<br />
* Weak mantlet<br />
* Struggles when uptiered - its armour loses its value due to facing more potent ammunition and the mobility and speed is too low to keep up with the faster, more manoeuvrable cold war MBT's it can face<br />
* Large muzzle break frequently attracts shells - expect your gun to be knocked out frequently<br />
* First stage ammunition is stored upright in the turret - ammo detonations are quite frequent<br />
* Low zoom and narrow FOV in the gunner's sight<br />
<br />
== History ==<br />
<!-- ''Describe the history of the creation and combat usage of the vehicle in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the vehicle and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Vehicle-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>. This section may also include the vehicle's dev blog entry (if applicable) and the in-game encyclopedia description (under <code><nowiki>=== In-game description ===</nowiki></code>, also if applicable).'' --><br />
''Describe the history of the creation and combat usage of the vehicle in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the vehicle and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Vehicle-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>. This section may also include the vehicle's dev blog entry (if applicable) and the in-game encyclopedia description (under <code><nowiki>=== In-game description ===</nowiki></code>, also if applicable).''<br />
<br />
== Media ==<br />
<!-- ''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.'' --><br />
<br />
;Skins<br />
<br />
* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=us_t26e5 Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]<br />
<br />
== See also ==<br />
<!-- ''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''<br />
* ''reference to the series of the vehicles;''<br />
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.'' --><br />
<br />
* [[M26 (Family)]]<br />
<br />
== External links ==<br />
<!-- ''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''<br />
* ''topic on the official game forum;''<br />
* ''other literature.'' --><br />
''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''<br />
<br />
* ''topic on the official game forum;''<br />
* ''other literature.''<br />
<br />
{{USA heavy tanks}}</div>U29417738https://wiki.warthunder.com/index.php?title=Challenger_Mk.3&diff=114018Challenger Mk.32021-10-25T14:50:24Z<p>U29417738: /* Pros and cons */</p>
<hr />
<div>{{About<br />
| about = British medium tank '''{{PAGENAME}}'''<br />
| usage = other uses<br />
| link = Challenger (Disambiguation)<br />
}}<br />
{{Specs-Card<br />
|code=uk_challenger_mk_3<br />
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
== Description ==<br />
<!-- ''In the description, the first part should be about the history of the creation and combat usage of the vehicle, as well as its key features. In the second part, tell the reader about the ground vehicle in the game. Insert a screenshot of the vehicle, so that if the novice player does not remember the vehicle by name, he will immediately understand what kind of vehicle the article is talking about.'' --><br />
The '''{{Specs|name}}''' (shortened as '''{{Specs|pseudonym}}''') is a rank {{Specs|rank}} British medium tank {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.85 "Supersonic"]].<br />
<br />
The Challenger Mk.3 retains most of the characteristics of the [[Challenger Mk.2]]. It has some unique differences; such as: [[Armour#Explosive_reactive_armour_.28ERA.29|"ROMOR-A ERA"]] which covers the lower glacis and sides, along with the addition of the ammunition storage being covered with rolled homogeneous armour. It retains the same engine (1200 hp) as the Mk.2, however with a minor increase in weight it suffers slightly reduced mobility and acceleration. Its iconic, legendary, and pin-point accurate gun stays the same as on the Challenger Mk.2.<br />
<br />
== General info ==<br />
=== Survivability and armour ===<br />
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}<br />
<!-- ''Describe armour protection. Note the most well protected and key weak areas. Appreciate the layout of modules as well as the number and location of crew members. Is the level of armour protection sufficient, is the placement of modules helpful for survival in combat? If necessary use a visual template to indicate the most secure and weak zones of the armour.'' --><br />
The armour protection on the Challenger Mk.3 is excellent in some areas and bad in others. The upper half of the turret cheeks are capable of withstanding almost all kinetic penetrators and will stop most chemical penetrators with less than 800 mm, while the lower half won't protect against most top-rank rounds. Additionally, the breech weak spot is quite small. This means the turret has excellent protection and hulldown play is recommended. The hull composite is only good against lower penetrating APFSDS rounds such as [[T-55AM-1|T-55AM]], and can also withstand some chemical munitions, but it is not advised to rely on this armour. The rest of the tank (turret and hull sides, lower front plate) has decent protection against chemical rounds due to the add on armour, ERA, and thick turret sides.<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|-<br />
! Armour !! Front (Slope angle) !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof<br />
|-<br />
| Hull || 38 mm (79-81°), 50* mm (60°) ''Upper glacis''<br>70 mm (30°) ''Lower glacis'' || 20 mm, 25 mm (74°) ''Top''<br>38 mm (12°) ''Bottom''<br />
| 25 mm (29-30°) || 20 mm<br>8 mm ''Engine grille''<br />
|-<br />
| Turret || 50* mm (51-54°)<br>60 mm (55-56°), 200 mm ''Gun mantlet'' || 80 mm + 15 mm ''Front right''<br>80 + 25 mm + 4 mm ''Front''<br>45 + 4 mm ''Rear'' || 44 + 4 mm || 38 mm (82°) ''Front''<br>20 mm (80-90°) ''Rear''<br />
|-<br />
| Cupola || colspan="4" | 60 mm<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|-<br />
! Composite armour* !! Front !! Sides<br />
|-<br />
| Hull || 200 mm NERA + 80 mm RHA + 50 mm RHA ''Upper glacis'' || 150 mm NERA, 70 mm screens ''Side skirts''<br />
|-<br />
| Turret || 300 mm NERA + 50 mm RHA + 110 mm CHA || 300 mm NERA + 25 mm RHA + 80 mm RHA<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|-<br />
! Reactive Armour !! Front !! Sides<br />
|-<br />
| Hull || 30 mm ROMOR-A ERA ''Lower glacis''<br>'''Protection against:'''<br>30 mm ''Kinetic''<br>300 mm ''Chemical'' || 150 mm NERA ''Side skirts''<br>'''Protection against:'''<br>30 mm ''Kinetic''<br>400 mm ''Chemical''<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
'''Notes:'''<br />
<br />
* The propellant ammo racks are surrounded by 5 mm RHA.<br />
* Side skirts consist of 150 mm NERA composite, 70 mm composite screens, or 19 mm aluminium.<br />
* Tracks and wheels are 20 mm thick.<br />
<br />
=== Mobility ===<br />
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}<br />
<!-- ''Write about the mobility of the ground vehicle. Estimate the specific power and manoeuvrability, as well as the maximum speed forwards and backwards.'' --><br />
<br />
{{tankMobility|abMinHp=1,860|rbMinHp=1,061}}<br />
<br />
The {{PAGENAME}} has an acceptable top speed, however, acceleration and mobility (primarily due to its weight) are lacklustre compared to other MBTs.<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="60%"<br />
|-<br />
! '''Module rotation speed'''<br />
! 90 Degrees<br />
! 180 Degrees<br />
! 360 Degrees<br />
|-<br />
| '''Tank Hull'''<br />
| 5 Seconds<br />
| 10 Seconds<br />
| 20 Seconds<br />
|-<br />
| '''Tank Turret'''<br />
| 3 Seconds<br />
| 6 Seconds<br />
| 12 Seconds<br />
|-<br />
| '''Test Conditions'''<br />
| colspan="3" style="text-align:left" | *Tested with a spaded {{PAGENAME}}, crew at maximum skill, with basic training qualification. Results can vary based on tank research state, crew levels & qualifications.<br />
|}<br />
<br />
=== Modifications and economy ===<br />
{{Specs-Economy}}<br />
<br />
== Armaments ==<br />
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}<br />
=== Main armament ===<br />
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}<br />
<!-- ''Give the reader information about the characteristics of the main gun. Assess its effectiveness in a battle based on the reloading speed, ballistics and the power of shells. Do not forget about the flexibility of the fire, that is how quickly the cannon can be aimed at the target, open fire on it and aim at another enemy. Add a link to the main article on the gun: <code><nowiki>{{main|Name of the weapon}}</nowiki></code>. Describe in general terms the ammunition available for the main gun. Give advice on how to use them and how to fill the ammunition storage.'' --><br />
{{main|L11A5 (120 mm)}}<br />
<br />
The Challenger's main gun, while not the most powerful at its rank, is competitive, and more importantly, accurate. With a little over 400 mm of penetration at maximum, aim for weak spots (particularly when facing higher-ranked vehicles such as the T-80U, Leopard 2A5, etc) and make use of the Challenger's good reload speed.<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="5" | [[L11A5 (120 mm)|120 mm L11A5]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)<br />
|-<br />
! Mode !! Capacity !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer<br />
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced<br />
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced<br />
|-<br />
! ''Arcade''<br />
| rowspan="2" | 52 || rowspan="2" | -10°/+20° || rowspan="2" | ±180° || rowspan="2" | Two-plane || 29.5 || 40.8 || 49.6 || 54.9 || 58.4 || rowspan="2" | 6.50 || rowspan="2" | 5.75 || rowspan="2" | 5.30 || rowspan="2" | 5.00<br />
|-<br />
! ''Realistic''<br />
| 18.4 || 21.7 || 26.4 || 29.1 || 31.0<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==== Ammunition ====<br />
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"<br />
! colspan="8" | Penetration statistics<br />
|-<br />
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition<br />
! rowspan="2" | Type of<br>warhead<br />
! colspan="6" | Penetration @ 0° Angle of Attack (mm)<br />
|-<br />
! 10 m !! 100 m !! 500 m !! 1,000 m !! 1,500 m !! 2,000 m<br />
|-<br />
| Shot L23A1 || APFSDS || 396 || 394 || 387 || 376 || 367 || 357<br />
|-<br />
| Shell L31A7 || HESH || 152 || 152 || 152 || 152 || 152 || 152<br />
|-<br />
| L26 || APFSDS || 471 || 469 || 464 || 458 || 450 || 444<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"<br />
! colspan="10" | Shell details<br />
|-<br />
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition<br />
! rowspan="2" | Type of<br>warhead<br />
! rowspan="2" | Velocity<br>(m/s)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Projectile<br>Mass (kg)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Fuse delay<br>(m)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Fuse sensitivity<br>(mm)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Explosive Mass<br>(TNT equivalent) (g)<br />
! colspan="3" | Ricochet<br />
|-<br />
! 0% !! 50% !! 100%<br />
|-<br />
| Shot L23A1 || APFSDS || 1,535 || 3.89 || N/A || N/A || N/A || 78° || 80° || 81°<br />
|-<br />
| Shell L31A7 || HESH || 670 || 17.1 || 0.05 || 0.1 || 6,560 || 73° || 77° || 80°<br />
|-<br />
| L26 || APFSDS || 1,550 || 4.1 || N/A || N/A || N/A || 78° || 80° || 81°<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"<br />
! colspan="7" | Smoke shell characteristics<br />
|-<br />
! Ammunition<br />
! Velocity<br>(m/s)<br />
! Projectile<br>Mass (kg)<br />
! Screen radius<br>(m)<br />
! Screen deploy time<br>(s)<br />
! Screen hold time<br>(s)<br />
! Explosive Mass<br>(TNT equivalent) (g)<br />
|-<br />
| L34 || 670 || 17.1 || 20 || 5 || 25 || 50<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==== [[Ammo racks]] ====<br />
<!-- '''Last updated: 2.7.0.141''' --><br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"<br />
|-<br />
! Full<br>ammo<br />
! Ammo<br>part<br />
! 1st<br>rack empty<br />
! 2nd<br>rack empty<br />
! 3rd<br>rack empty<br />
! 4th<br>rack empty<br />
! 5th<br>rack empty<br />
! 6th<br>rack empty<br />
! 7th<br>rack empty<br />
|-<br />
| '''52''' || ''Projectiles''<br>''Propellants'' || 52&nbsp;''(+0)''<br>41&nbsp;''(+11)'' || 47&nbsp;''(+5)''<br>31&nbsp;''(+21)'' || 40&nbsp;''(+12)''<br>30&nbsp;''(+22)'' || 37&nbsp;''(+15)''<br>21&nbsp;''(+31)'' || 35&nbsp;''(+17)''<br>11&nbsp;''(+41)'' || 31&nbsp;''(+21)''<br>6&nbsp;''(+46)'' || 28&nbsp;''(+24)''<br>N/A<br />
|-<br />
! 8th<br>rack empty<br />
! 9th<br>rack empty<br />
! 10th<br>rack empty<br />
! 11th<br>rack empty<br />
! 12th<br>rack empty<br />
! 13th<br>rack empty<br />
! 14th<br>rack empty<br />
! Visual<br>discrepancy<br />
!<br />
|-<br />
| 26&nbsp;''(+26)''<br>1&nbsp;''(+51)*'' || 23&nbsp;''(+29)''<br>N/A || 21&nbsp;''(+31)''<br>N/A || 19&nbsp;''(+33)''<br>N/A || 5&nbsp;''(+47)''<br>N/A || N/A&nbsp;''(+N/A)''<br>N/A || 1&nbsp;''(+51)*''<br>N/A || Yes<br />
!<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
[[File:Ammoracks_{{PAGENAME}}.png|right|thumb|x250px|[[Ammo racks]] of the {{PAGENAME}}]]<br />
'''Notes'''<br />
<br />
* The {{PAGENAME}} uses two-piece ammunition, composed of projectiles (yellow) and propellant bags (orange). Both have separate racks.<br />
* The 8th propellant rack and the 14th projectile rack are the first-stage ammo racks: they will deplete first when firing and will be restocked with ammunition from other ammo racks.<br />
* All the propellant racks are surrounded by 5 mm of {{Annotation|RHA|Rolled homogeneous armour}}.<br />
* The 7th projectile rack is stored in the hull, below the 2nd projectile rack.<br />
* The visual discrepancy concerns the 7th propellant rack and the 13th projectile rack. A shell/charge remains modeled in these racks even after all ammunition has been depleted.<br />
<br />
=== Machine guns ===<br />
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|2}}<br />
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|3}}<br />
<!-- ''Offensive and anti-aircraft machine guns not only allow you to fight some aircraft but also are effective against lightly armoured vehicles. Evaluate machine guns and give recommendations on its use.'' --><br />
{{main|L37A2 (7.62 mm)|L8A2 (7.62 mm)}}<br />
<br />
The machine gun's calibre won't present any major advantage in armoured combat other than serving as target spotter to allies, ranging gun and obstacle clearer. But a major important role is against low flying aircrafts and especially, helicopters. As the highly adequate rate of fire is capable to bring down the biggest of the hovering birds, with enough well placed rounds that is.<br />
<br />
{{Notice|Tip: It is possible to switch to the machine gun as the main weapon and use thermals through the machine gun sight.}}<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="5" | [[L37A2 (7.62 mm)|7.62 mm L37A2]]<br />
|-<br />
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal<br />
|-<br />
| Pintle || 3,600 (100) || 650 || -10°/+50° || ±180°<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="5" | [[L8A2 (7.62 mm)|7.62 mm L8A2]]<br />
|-<br />
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal<br />
|-<br />
| Coaxial || 2,400 (200) || 600 || N/A || N/A<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
== Usage in battles ==<br />
<!-- ''Describe the tactics of playing in the vehicle, the features of using vehicles in the team and advice on tactics. Refrain from creating a "guide" - do not impose a single point of view but instead give the reader food for thought. Describe the most dangerous enemies and give recommendations on fighting them. If necessary, note the specifics of the game in different modes (AB, RB, SB).'' --><br />
<br />
;Urban Environments<br />
<br />
In urban environments, the Challenger will struggle relative to the [[T-80B]], [[M1 Abrams]] and [[Leopard 2A4]] - it's large, heavy and sluggish which proves costly in close quarters or when engagements occur in open streets. While the Challenger's gun still proves effective, often opposition vehicles will achieve valuable positioning before a Challenger can, forcing the Challenger tanker to play defensively. However, playing carefully and avoiding obvious routes, the Challenger can be comfortably put to use in urban environments.<br />
<br />
;Rural Environments<br />
<br />
The Mk.3 performs very well in rural areas, where defilades and ditches that can be used for cover are far more readily available. The Challenger is still best played in hull-down defensive positions, clearing areas of maps before moving up, but a patient playstyle will be rewarded. Make use of the vehicle's good gun depression and competitive reload, utilising off-angles and hull-down positions. If a situation begins to degrade, make use of the Challenger's reasonably good reverse speed and reposition.<br />
<br />
=== Pros and cons ===<br />
<!-- ''Summarise and briefly evaluate the vehicle in terms of its characteristics and combat effectiveness. Mark its pros and cons in a bulleted list. Try not to use more than 6 points for each of the characteristics. Avoid using categorical definitions such as "bad", "good" and the like - use substitutions with softer forms such as "inadequate" and "effective".'' --><br />
<br />
'''Pros:'''<br />
<br />
* Decent turret armour; efficiency increased even more with proper hull down in slopes<br />
* Reasonably small breech protected by turret cheek's armour<br />
* Good HEAT and ATGM resistance on front/sides thanks to ERA and NERA elements<br />
* Good neutral steering and decent reverse speed provides a great boost from the slower [[Chieftain (Family)|Chieftains]]<br />
* Reasonably good reload, particularly for a 120 mm gun; one of the most remarkable aspects of the latter British MBTs<br />
* Brand-new TOGS system provides easy target acquisition in day or night<br />
* Precise L11 gun with adequate penetration values; support rounds available<br />
* Access to L26 APFSDS, a noticable upgrade over the stock L23A1 APFSDS shell<br />
* 5 second reload when aced<br />
<br />
'''Cons:'''<br />
<br />
* Lacklustre sloped armour penetration, worst at high BR battles facing omni-present [[Leopard 2A6]] or [[T-72B (1989)]]; must aim for weak spots<br />
* The lower half of the turret cheeks are vulnerable to some higher-tier FIN rounds<br />
* Slower MBT than most of the vehicles it faces, albeit not by a huge margin<br />
* Hull is large and tall, very vulnerable to kinetic rounds or aerial attacks<br />
* Cannot shoot straight over its engine deck; a notable disadvantage on urban engagements<br />
* Top-tier shells can easily penetrate Challenger's turret armour, even at range<br />
* Ready-rack is depleted very fast due to the low amount of shells it carries and the quick reloading of the gun<br />
<br />
== History ==<br />
<!-- ''Describe the history of the creation and combat usage of the vehicle in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the vehicle and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Vehicle-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>. This section may also include the vehicle's dev blog entry (if applicable) and the in-game encyclopedia description (under <code><nowiki>=== In-game description ===</nowiki></code>, also if applicable).'' --><br />
Once the Challenger was established as the latest MBT for the British army following the decommissioning of the older Chieftain tank, it entered service with the British Army in 1983.<br />
<br />
The British Army chose to test this newly designated tank in the Canadian Army Trophy (CAT) competition in West Germany, 1986. Once in the competition and despite having adequate scores, the Challengers were amongst the last in the score tables versus the equally powerful Abrams and Leopards. This proved to be discouraging results, as it was hoped the all-around better Challengers would provide excellent results this time unlike the older Chieftain - distinctly on the mobility and off-road abilities as the new Rolls-Royce CV12 provided almost twice the horsepower of the Chieftain's Leyland L60 Powerpack.<br />
<br />
The apparent complete failure on the CAT went further to the British Army withdrawing from the competition in 1987, leaving statements like the following:<br />
<br />
{{Quote|I do not believe that the performance of tanks in the artificial circumstances of a competition, such as the recent Canadian Army Trophy, is a proper indication of their capability in war. Challenger's gun gives the best penetrative performance against the tanks of a potential enemy. The tank itself is arguably the best protected in the world and has excellent mobility. It carries an advanced thermal imaging system which is much admired by our allies and ensures that Challenger can fight effectively by night and by day. Participation in international tank gunnery competitions is one useful option in the complete spectrum of training opportunities available in preparing our tank crews for war, but it is not on its own a basis for judgment of overall capability.|'''Ian Stewart, former Minister for the Armed Forces''' when asked if he is satisfied with the standard of British tank international gunnery demonstrated in recent competitions; and if he will make a statement.}}<br />
<br />
'''Mk.3 Upgrade'''<br />
<br />
Before the Gulf War, the Corps of Royal Electrical and Mechanical Engineers (REME) updated the Challenger 1 Mk.2 into the Mk.3 with even more armour protection, increased operational range, desert filters amongst other internal refits. This was the first mass-production use of the Royal Ordnance-made ROMOR-A, of over 250 armour sets were going to be used in the imminent Desert storm - These packages were also included in the Centurion AVRE deploying along with the Challengers 1.<br />
<br />
Numerous Challengers were up-armoured by to Mk.3 desert modification with packages of explosive reactive armour (ERA) ROMOR-A in the lower frontal plate and non-energetic reactive armour (NERA) in the sides - this NERA proved to be safer from accidental detonations for any possible friendly units adjacent to the tank. It was estimated the upgrades would increase the protection in these reinforced areas up to 95% against the performance of shaped charges or ATGMs of approximately 127 mm.<br />
<br />
The armour requirements were exponentially increasing because new lethal weaponry as the infamously portable Soviet RPG-7 became the most widely used anti-tank weapon in the world. The revolutionary and yet classified to this day Chobham armour proved extremely reliable against most possible frontal engagements. However, areas like the side armour or the lower frontal plate remained a weak spot against the powerful anti-tank armaments been constantly developed.<br />
<br />
'''Trial of fire'''<br />
<br />
3 days after of the US-designated Desert storm operation started, the vast miles of desert defended by Iraqi forces were damaged by French and American aerial and ground attacks but fiercely resisting. It was then the only UK armoured division, the 1st Armoured Division headed to combat under the British code name of Operation Grandby. They were equipped with Warriors acting as the mechanized infantry and Challengers leading the spearhead of the assault.<br />
<br />
Charging along with the US' 1st Calvary division, the Challengers Mk.2 and Mk.3 advanced with low visibility conditions and sand storm, during day and night. This advantage is granted to the technologically superior Thermal Observation Gunnery Sight (TOGS) system, that enabled the tank commanders to designate targets in complete darkness. The developing GPS technology also proved vital to increase the mobility of the tanks squadrons in the desert.<br />
<br />
On February 27, 1991, Battle of Norfolk part of the Battle of 73 Easting. One of the major battles for the Challenger 1 MBT took part. It allowed the British tanks to achieved over 200 Iraqi tank kills and other various vehicles kill with no losses. This ardent engagements at long and very close distances versus the sand-dug Iraqi T-55s and T-62s allowed the Challenger to prove its true combat capabilities.<br />
<br />
{{Notice|A Challenger 1 got the longest tank kill of all time, at a range of over 4.6 km, when it knocked out an Iraqi tank with an APFSDS round!}}<br />
<br />
Lt Col Tim Purbrick, Queen's Royal Irish Hussars Battlegroup for the Liberation of Kuwait recollects<br />
<br />
{{Quote|First, Gus's 4,700 m first round FIN kill. It was a supreme technical achievement for man and machine. 4,700m, a shade under 3 miles, is more than three times the 1,200 m battle range of the Challenger. The shot is written up in books, sometimes incorrectly, with one book saying it was a Depleted Uranium (DU) round, it wasn't, it was a normal service FIN round while another book said it was at longer range, it wasn't, it was 4,700 m. I believe that it is the longest range direct fire kinetic round kill ever achieved by a tank on the battlefield.}}<br />
<br />
The Challenger regiments were given several of the specially conceived depleted Uranium APFSDS L26A1 rounds also known as "Jericho". In case of facing the ultimate adversary, the Iraqi Republican's guard T-72M; these engagements never occurred but the round was applied years later in the intended user, the Challenger 2.<br />
<br />
Despite the early perceived poor fidelity of the tank, the Challenger 1 fought till the end of the war without major losses but minor external damages. They travelled approximately 350 km in the desert till the final Gulf war objective; the Basra Highway north of Multa Ridge on February 27, 1991.<br />
<br />
{{Quote|Challenger is a tank built for war and not for competitions.|Patrick Cordingley, Commander of 7th Armoured Brigade}}<br />
<br />
'''Fate'''<br />
<br />
The Challengers 1 continued their British service until the 99's as part of the KFOR, a NATO-led international peacekeeping force in Kosovo.<br />
<br />
Eventually with most of the 400 tanks being sold or gifted in the 2000s to Jordan, in which the King Abdullah II Design and Development Bureau innovated with newer technologies, a rebirth tank, known locally as Al-Hussein. The Jordanians developed an upgrade package prototype unveiled in 2003, adding a crew-less turret fitted with a powerful Swiss RUAG Defense Systems 120 mm/L50 smoothbore with auto-loader, hunter-killer system, laser warning system, thermal imaging and Soft-Kill Active Protection; this variant is known as the '''Falcon turret'''.<br />
<br />
The Challenger 1 Mk.2 and Mk.3 were replaced by the Challenger 2 in the UK service but is still in service until this day in Jordan where the large fleet is being gradually replaced by the more modern French MBT, the Leclerc.<br />
<br />
== Media ==<br />
<!-- ''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.'' --><br />
<br />
;Skins<br />
<br />
* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicle=uk_challenger_mk_3 Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]<br />
<br />
;Videos<br />
{{Youtube-gallery|zlTWSpm0-KA|'''Challenger I Mk.3 - Tank Review''' - ''Napalmratte''|Lwcx7vVieUQ|'''Tank Chats #82 Challenger 1''' - ''The Tank Museum''|TCpSxqaqo-s|'''Challenger 1 Main Battle Tank''' - ''TankNutDave''}}<br />
<br />
== See also ==<br />
<!-- ''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''<br />
* ''reference to the series of the vehicles;''<br />
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.'' --><br />
<br />
'''Shared operational History - Gulf War'''<br />
<br />
* [[M1 Abrams]]<br />
* [[Warrior]]<br />
* [[Challenger Mk.2|Challenger Mk. 2]]<br />
* [[M3 Bradley]]<br />
* [[T-55A|T-55]]<br />
* [[T-62]]<br />
<br />
'''Analogues on other nations'''<br />
<br />
* [[Leopard 2K]]<br />
* [[T-72B]]<br />
* [[T-72B (1989)]]<br />
* [[Leopard 1A5 (Italy)|Leopard 1A5]]<br />
* [[AMX-30B2 BRENUS]]<br />
<br />
== External links ==<br />
<!-- ''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''<br />
* ''topic on the official game forum;''<br />
* ''other literature.'' --><br />
<br />
* [[wt:en/news/5918-development-challenger-mk-3-a-royal-upgrade-en|[Devblog] Challenger Mk 3 - A Royal Upgrade]]<br />
* [https://britisharmyblog.wordpress.com/2016/03/11/desert-storm-part-24-back-to-germany/ Lt Col Tim Purbrick's UK Army blogs - Desert Storm Experience]<br />
* [https://www.militaryfactory.com/armor/detail.asp?armor_id=54 Military Factory.com - Challenger 1 MBT]<br />
* Dunstan, Simon (1998). ''Challenger Main Battle Tank 1982-97''. Osprey Publishing, p. 18. ISBN <bdi>1-85532-485-7</bdi>.<br />
* Challenger 2 Owners' Tank Manual, Haynes Manuals, 1998 to Present - ''An Insight Into the Design, Construction, Operation and Maintenance of the British Army's Main Battle Tank of the 21st Century'', 2018<br />
<br />
{{Britain medium tanks}}</div>U29417738https://wiki.warthunder.com/index.php?title=AMX-30_DCA&diff=114017AMX-30 DCA2021-10-25T14:47:16Z<p>U29417738: /* Pros and cons */</p>
<hr />
<div>{{About<br />
|about=French self-propelled anti-aircraft vehicle '''{{PAGENAME}}'''<br />
|usage=other uses<br />
|link=AMX-30 (Family)<br />
}}<br />
{{Specs-Card<br />
|code=fr_amx_30_dca<br />
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
== Description ==<br />
<!-- ''In the description, the first part should be about the history of the creation and combat usage of the vehicle, as well as its key features. In the second part, tell the reader about the ground vehicle in the game. Insert a screenshot of the vehicle, so that if the novice player does not remember the vehicle by name, he will immediately understand what kind of vehicle the article is talking about.'' --><br />
The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} French self-propelled anti-aircraft vehicle {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.75 "La Résistance"]].<br />
<br />
== General info ==<br />
=== Survivability and armour ===<br />
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}<br />
<!-- ''Describe armour protection. Note the most well protected and key weak areas. Appreciate the layout of modules as well as the number and location of crew members. Is the level of armour protection sufficient, is the placement of modules helpful for survival in combat? If necessary use a visual template to indicate the most secure and weak zones of the armour.'' --><br />
<br />
The AMX-30 DCA is based off the hull of the [[AMX-30 (1972)|AMX-30]] main battle tank, resulting in a decently armoured hull. The front glacis is heavily sloped and capable of bouncing most APHE shells and, with luck, some HEAT shells. However, the hull sides and rear are fairly weak, coming in at only 25-30 mm thick.<br />
<br />
The turret is more modestly armoured, with 20 to 30 mm of armour. This is sufficiently strong enough to withstand 20 mm or 23 mm cannon fired from an angle, allowing you to shoot down enemy aircraft trying to strafe you.<br />
<br />
Crew placement is fairly average, as the driver is in the center of the hull while the gunner and commander sit on the opposite side of the guns. However, the placement of the ammunition feed at the '''front''' of the turret means any penetrating shot has a significant chance of causing an ammunition detonation.It is not advised to take less ammunition, as the 30 mm cannons have a high fire rate.<br />
<br />
=== Mobility ===<br />
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}<br />
<!-- ''Write about the mobility of the ground vehicle. Estimate the specific power and manoeuvrability, as well as the maximum speed forwards and backwards.'' --><br />
<br />
As with the AMX-30, the AMX-30 DCA has a decent top speed of 60 km/h, along with an excellent set of reverse gears. This allows the DCA to keep up with its team, in addition to the ability to quickly escape danger.<br />
<br />
However, note that the DCA lacks neutral steering and is somewhat slow to accelerate stock, meaning that it is possible to get caught off-guard and react too slowly.<br />
<br />
{{tankMobility|abMinHp=994|rbMinHp=619}}<br />
<br />
=== Modifications and economy ===<br />
{{Specs-Economy}}<br />
<br />
== Armaments ==<br />
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}<br />
=== Main armament ===<br />
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}<br />
<!-- ''Give the reader information about the characteristics of the main gun. Assess its effectiveness in a battle based on the reloading speed, ballistics and the power of shells. Do not forget about the flexibility of the fire, that is how quickly the cannon can be aimed at the target, open fire on it and aim at another enemy. Add a link to the main article on the gun: <code><nowiki>{{main|Name of the weapon}}</nowiki></code>. Describe in general terms the ammunition available for the main gun. Give advice on how to use them and how to fill the ammunition storage.'' --><br />
{{main|HSS 831A (30 mm)}}<br />
<br />
The armament consists of 2 x 30 mm HSS 831A cannons with 300 RPG with a quick, fixed fire rate and can make use of 3 types of munitions:<br />
<br />
* High-explosive incendiary (self-destroying, note that the self-destruction range coincides with the radar's lead indicator maximum distance, making the shell inadequate at longer ranges)<br />
* Armour-piercing incendiary tracer, which can be used against lightly armoured vehicles and enemy SPAAs, though the damage to enemy aircraft is reduced, the shell can be used outside radar range since it does not self destruct.<br />
* High-velocity armour-piercing tracer (APDS), which can be used against targets mentioned above and additionally, can be used to attack the side profile of enemy MBTs with reasonable effectiveness.<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="6" | [[HSS 831A (30 mm)|30 mm HSS 831A]] (x2) || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)<br />
|-<br />
! Mode !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer<br />
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced<br />
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced<br />
|-<br />
! ''Arcade''<br />
| rowspan="2" | 1,200 (300) || rowspan="2" | 600 || rowspan="2" | -5°/+85° || rowspan="2" | ±180° || rowspan="2" | N/A || 70.4 || 97.5 || 118.4 || 130.9 || 139.3 || rowspan="2" | 65.00 || rowspan="2" | 57.50 || rowspan="2" | 53.00 || rowspan="2" | 50.00<br />
|-<br />
! ''Realistic''<br />
| 47.6 || 56.0 || 68.0 || 75.2 || 80.0<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==== Ammunition ====<br />
<br />
* '''Default:''' {{Annotation|SAP-I|Semi-armour-piercing incendiary}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEI-T*|High-explosive incendiary tracer (self-destroying)}}<br />
* '''30x170 HE-I-T:''' {{Annotation|HEI-T*|High-explosive incendiary tracer (self-destroying)}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEI*|High-explosive incendiary (self-destroying)}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEI*|High-explosive incendiary (self-destroying)}}{{-}}{{Annotation|SAP-I|Semi-armour-piercing incendiary}}<br />
* '''30x170 APHE-I:''' {{Annotation|SAP-I|Semi-armour-piercing incendiary}}{{-}}{{Annotation|SAP-I|Semi-armour-piercing incendiary}}{{-}}{{Annotation|SAP-I|Semi-armour-piercing incendiary}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEI-T*|High-explosive incendiary tracer (self-destroying)}}<br />
* '''30x170 APDS-T:''' {{Annotation|APDS|Armour-piercing discarding sabot}}{{-}}{{Annotation|SAP-I|Semi-armour-piercing incendiary}}{{-}}{{Annotation|SAP-I|Semi-armour-piercing incendiary}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEI-T*|High-explosive incendiary tracer (self-destroying)}}<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"<br />
! colspan="7" | Penetration statistics<br />
|-<br />
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Belt<br />
! colspan="6" | Penetration @ 0° Angle of Attack (mm)<br />
|-<br />
! 10 m !! 100 m !! 500 m !! 1,000 m !! 1,500 m !! 2,000 m<br />
|-<br />
| Default || 53 || 50 || 39 || 29 || 21 || 16<br />
|-<br />
| 30x170 HE-I-T || 53 || 50 || 39 || 29 || 21 || 16<br />
|-<br />
| 30x170 APHE-I || 53 || 50 || 39 || 29 || 21 || 16<br />
|-<br />
| 30x170 APDS-T || 110 || 101 || 95 || 69 || 52 || 41<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==== [[Ammo racks]] ====<br />
[[File:Ammoracks_{{PAGENAME}}.png|right|thumb|x250px|[[Ammo racks]] of the {{PAGENAME}}]]<br />
<!-- '''Last updated: 2.7.0.173''' --><br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"<br />
|-<br />
! Full<br>ammo<br />
! Ammo<br>type<br />
! 1st<br>rack empty<br />
! Visual<br>discrepancy<br />
|-<br />
| '''4''' <br> '''1,200''' || ''Clips'' <br> ''Rounds'' || 0&nbsp;''(+4)'' || Yes<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
'''Notes''':<br />
<br />
* Ammunition is divided into 4 clips of 300 rounds.<br />
* The visual discrepancy concerns the number of clips: 4 clips can be fired but only 2 are modeled.<br />
<br />
===Radars===<br />
{{main|DR-VC-1A|Albis}}<br />
The AMX-30 DCA is equipped with a [[DR-VC-1A]] combined search and tracking radar. The radar is located at the rear of the turret and cannot be folded. The radar system but can only track targets within a 200° arc from the front of the turret.<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"<br />
! colspan="5" | [[DR-VC-1A]] - Target Detection Radar<br />
|-<br />
! {{Annotation|Maximum<br/>Detection<br/>Range|The maximum possible range at which a target can be detected}}<br />
! {{Annotation|Minimum<br/>Detection<br/>Range|The range, below which, a target cannot be detected}}<br />
! {{Annotation|Max Azimuth<br/>Scan Angle|How far to each side the radar can scan (widest search mode)}}<br />
! {{Annotation|Max Elevation<br/>Scan Angle|How far up and down the radar can scan (widest search mode)}}<br />
! {{Annotation|Minimum<br/>relative speed|The minimum speed a target must be moving, relative to the radar, in order to be detectable by the radar}}<br />
|-<br />
| 15,000 m || 1,000 m || 360° || ??? || 15 m/s (54 km/h)<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="5" | [[Albis]] - Target Tracking Radar<br />
|-<br />
! {{Annotation|Maximum<br/>Tracking<br/>Range|The maximum range at which a target can be tracked}}<br />
! {{Annotation|Minimum<br/>Tracking<br/>Range|The range below which targets cannot be tracked by the radar}}<br />
! {{Annotation|Azimuth Tracking<br/>Angle|How far to each side the radar can track a target}}<br />
! {{Annotation|Elevation Tracking<br/>Angle|How far up and down the radar can track a target}}<br />
! {{Annotation|Minimum<br/>target speed|The minimum speed a target must be moving, relative to the radar, in order to be tracked by the radar}}<br />
|-<br />
| 15,000 m || 75 m || ±100° || -20°/+85° || 15 m/s (54 km/h)<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
* '''Note: lead indicator shows up within 4km'''<br />
<br />
== Usage in battles ==<br />
<!-- ''Describe the tactics of playing in the vehicle, the features of using vehicles in the team and advice on tactics. Refrain from creating a "guide" - do not impose a single point of view but instead give the reader food for thought. Describe the most dangerous enemies and give recommendations on fighting them. If necessary, note the specifics of the game in different modes (AB, RB, SB).'' --><br />
<br />
'''Anti-Air'''<br />
<br />
Ideally, you should be in a place with horizontal cover against tanks and a wide field of view. Use the radar to spot incoming enemy aircraft. Lock onto the target within 4-5 kilometers in order to keep track of it, making sure to not fire.<br />
<br />
For larger 2-4 engined aircraft, firing at 3 km may be effective. However, more agile single-engined fighters and most jet aircraft will be easily able to dodge incoming fire, meaning that you should wait until they close to 2 km before firing.<br />
<br />
Fire in short bursts of 10-50 rounds each to avoid overheating and ammunition shortage. Moving the aim point around during the burst may help to disperse shots and increase hit probability, as even a single 30 mm HEI shell is deadly to most aircraft.<br />
<br />
Keep in mind that the tracking radar does not work well at low altitudes, and will periodically stop tracking a target in order to scan for more incoming planes.<br />
<br />
'''Anti-Tank'''<br />
<br />
If forced into an anti-tank role, the AMX-30 DCA should be played as a support vehicle. With only 53 mm of penetration stock, it is unable to kill anything but IFVs and other SPAA. However, the 30 mm API and HEI rounds are incredibly potent at destroying tracks and damaging barrels, enabling you to assist teammates in killing tanks.<br />
<br />
If facing enemy tanks alone, make sure that they are isolated before attempting to disable them.<br />
<br />
Ideally, the enemy should be unaware of you and be flat-on (i.e perpendicular). From there, check to see if your belt has enough penetration to overcome his side armour. If it does, aim to take out his gun first (shoot directly below the turret), then his crew (driver's compartment, any survivors in the turret).<br />
<br />
* Note that most Soviet MBTS like the [[T-54/55 (Family)|T-55]] or [[T-62]] have '''80 mm''' of side armour, meaning that they should be avoided when stock<br />
* Other notable opponents include the [[M60]] and [[Chieftain (Family)|Chieftain]] series of tanks, as they too have enough side armour to protect against the stock belt.<br />
<br />
=== Pros and cons ===<br />
<!-- ''Summarise and briefly evaluate the vehicle in terms of its characteristics and combat effectiveness. Mark its pros and cons in a bulleted list. Try not to use more than 6 points for each of the characteristics. Avoid using categorical definitions such as "bad", "good" and the like - use substitutions with softer forms such as "inadequate" and "effective".'' --><br />
<br />
'''Pros:'''<br />
<br />
* Fast rate of fire, generally 50-100 RPM higher compared to other 30-35 mm gun SPAA<br />
* The placement of the three crew members makes taking out the whole crew next to impossible with one shot<br />
* Hull front of AMX-30 can sometimes block or deflect APHE<br />
* Very fast considering its hull armour level, unlike the [[Chieftain Marksman]]<br />
* Double or even triple the amount of ammunition, when compared to other 30-35 mm gun SPAA<br />
* Gun arrangement makes it much easier to use against ground targets than the [[Gepard]]-style SPAAs<br />
* Has radar, unlike some SPAA like the [[Falcon]] and [[M163]]<br />
* Stock belts, but especially the APDS belts, chew through lightly armoured medium tanks like the Leopard's and light tanks like the BMP's<br />
* Access to smoke grenades and ESS<br />
* Night vision is available - no thermals however<br />
* Extremely deadly to enemy ground vehicles in flanking manoeuvres<br />
<br />
'''Cons:'''<br />
<br />
* Can only take out light and sometimes medium tanks due to the small size of its guns<br />
* Lightly armoured turret, with ammunition being '''very''' vulnerable to direct attacks<br />
* Gun placement makes firing over ridges and hiding behind cover awkward<br />
* Slow acceleration and lack of neutral steering hinders responsiveness<br />
* Reloading the guns, switching ammunition belts or clearing jammed guns takes over a minute to complete, leaving you vulnerable and out of the action for a very, very long time<br />
* Slow to accelerate in reverse<br />
<br />
== History ==<br />
<!-- ''Describe the history of the creation and combat usage of the vehicle in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the vehicle and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Vehicle-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>. This section may also include the vehicle's dev blog entry (if applicable) and the in-game encyclopedia description (under <code><nowiki>=== In-game description ===</nowiki></code>, also if applicable).'' --><br />
<br />
The development of the '''AMX-30 {{Annotation|DCA|Défense Contre Avions - Defense Against Aircraft}}''' (also known as the AMX-30{{Annotation|SA|Saudi Arabia}}) began in the year 1969 and it was derived from the '''AMX-13 DCA''', a similar system produced for the French army. While the AMX-30 DCA was made for the French Army, it was also made for export and in the end, none of the DCA's were ordered by the French army. Instead, Saudi Arabia ordered an improved version in the 1975, called the AMX-30SA which included the SA-10 Shaline missiles.<br />
<br />
It was developed to be used against low-flying aircraft and low-altitude attacks with its two Hispano-Suiza 30 mm 831 A automatic guns coupled to an '''Oeil-noir''' fire control system. This system had already been installed on the AMX-13, in lieu of a heavier chassis, using a turret designated the S 401 A. Although this vehicle began production in the year 1962, the introduction of the AMX-30 meant that the S 401 A turret could be mounted onto a much larger chassis which improved the agility of the vehicle. It also provided a much more stable platform and with double the ammo capacity of 1,200 rounds instead of the 600 that the AMX-13 could carry.<br />
<br />
The guns were designed to shoot in bursts of 5 rounds, or even 15 rounds per burst with the cyclic rate of fire of 650 rounds a minute. They were controlled by an analogue computer that received information from a Doppler radar, which could be folded into an armoured box when not in use to protect from damage. The fire control depended on visual tracking, meaning it could not be used in night time.<br />
<br />
== Media ==<br />
<!-- ''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.'' --><br />
<br />
;Skins<br />
<br />
* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicleCountry=france&vehicleType=tank&vehicleClass=spaa&vehicle=fr_amx_30_dca Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]<br />
<br />
;Videos<br />
{{Youtube-gallery|l7JUEQDYf9Q|'''How To Basic SPAA feat. AMX-30 DCA''' - ''Napalmratte''|NkkzNeMfO0g|'''{{PAGENAME}} Tank Review''' - ''NUSensei''}}<br />
<br />
== See also ==<br />
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''<br />
<br />
* ''reference to the series of the vehicles;''<br />
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''<br />
<br />
== External links ==<br />
<!-- ''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''<br />
* ''topic on the official game forum;''<br />
* ''other literature.'' --><br />
<br />
* [https://weaponsystems.net/system/114-AMX-30+DCA <nowiki>[Weapon Systems]</nowiki> AMX-30 DCA]<br />
<br />
{{France anti-aircraft vehicles}}</div>U29417738https://wiki.warthunder.com/index.php?title=Ariete&diff=103793Ariete2021-05-27T08:38:09Z<p>U29417738: /* Pros and cons */</p>
<hr />
<div>{{About<br />
| about = Italian MBT '''{{PAGENAME}}'''<br />
| usage = other vehicles of the family<br />
| link = Ariete (Family)<br />
}}<br />
{{Specs-Card<br />
|code=it_c1_ariete<br />
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
== Description ==<br />
<!-- ''In the description, the first part should be about the history of the creation and combat usage of the vehicle, as well as its key features. In the second part, tell the reader about the ground vehicle in the game. Insert a screenshot of the vehicle, so that if the novice player does not remember the vehicle by name, he will immediately understand what kind of vehicle the article is talking about.'' --><br />
The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} Italian medium tank {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.89 "Imperial Navy"]].<br />
<br />
== General info ==<br />
=== Survivability and armour ===<br />
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}<br />
<!-- ''Describe armour protection. Note the most well protected and key weak areas. Appreciate the layout of modules as well as the number and location of crew members. Is the level of armour protection sufficient, is the placement of modules helpful for survival in combat? If necessary use a visual template to indicate the most secure and weak zones of the armour.'' --><br />
<br />
The C1 Ariete is the least armoured top tier MBT currently in the game but that does not mean it has no armour to speak of. The turret front is decently protected especially with the WAR kit modification allowing it to stop all APFSDS rounds fired from guns smaller than 120mm as well as most of the weaker 120mm APFSDS rounds such as the 3BM22, L23A1 and DM13. The WAR kit also makes the turret invulnerable to all HEAT threats except for tandem ATGMs. The mantlet on the Ariete is not too large but it will be your weak spot from the front but that is also true for all other MBTs. The gunner and commander sit on the left side of the turret while the loader sits on the right, and the large optics block on the left side of the turret can occasionally save your gunner and commander by soaking up the post penetration damage.<br />
<br />
Unfortunately that's where the armour ends, the hull is one large weak spot with a huge LFP consisting of just one angled 50mm plate that won't stop anything fired at you even from 8.7 vehicles; while the UFP is made out of spaced armour that can only stop auto-cannon rounds or 105mm APDS shells. Shots through the hull will most likely take out the tank immediately, a shot on the left side of the hull front would take out the driver, gunner and commander, while a shot to the right side would hit the first stage ammo rack. Like most top tier vehicles, the tank sides offer little protection, though the fuel tanks in the side of the hull might soak up the occasional HEAT round but it isn't something you can rely on. Ultimately, it is advised to play this tank away from the front lines sniping whenever possible peaking from behind cover to maximize the use of your turret armour.<br />
<br />
'''Armour type:'''<br />
<br />
* Rolled homogeneous armour (hull, turret, internal plates)<br />
* High-hardness rolled armour (hull UFP, turret front)<br />
* Composite armour (turret front)<br />
* Spaced armour (hull UFP, gun mantlet, turret sides)<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|-<br />
!'''Armour'''!!'''Front (Slope angle)'''!!'''Sides'''!!'''Rear'''!!'''Roof'''<br />
|-<br />
|Hull||{{Annotation|Spaced Armour|70 mm High hardness rolled armour + 80 mm Air + 40 mm High hardness rolled armour}} ''Upper glacis'' <br> 50 mm (50°) ''Lower glacis'' <br> 35 mm (60°) ''Sponson front''|| 10-20 mm ''Top'' <br> 35 mm ''Bottom'' || 20 mm || 35 mm ''Crew compartment'' <br> 20 mm ''Engine compartment'' <br> 5 mm ''Exhaust radiators''<br />
|-<br />
|Turret||{{Annotation|Composite armour|20 mm High hardness rolled armour + 80 mm Air + 20 mm High hardness rolled armour + 220 mm External composite armour with NERA elements + 100 mm Rolled homogeneous armour}} ''Turret front'' <br> {{Annotation|Spaced armour|20 mm High hardness rolled armour + 140 mm Air + 20 mm High hardness rolled armour}} + 90 mm ''Gun mantlet'' || {{Annotation|Spaced armour|20 mm Rolled homogeneous armour + 140 mm Air + 40 mm Rolled homogeneous armour}}||20 mm + 10 mm || 40 mm ''Front portion'' <br />
20 mm ''Rear portion''<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
'''Internal armour:'''<br />
<br />
* 20 mm - Upper hull sides<br />
* 35 mm - Upper hull sides<br />
* 10 mm - Between driver and hull ammo rack<br />
* 8 mm - Between crew and engine compartments<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
! '''Composite/spaced armour''' !! '''Front''' !! '''Sides'''<br />
|-<br />
| Hull || '''''Upper glacis''''' <br> 300 - 400+ mm ''Chemical'' <br> 235 - 300+ mm ''Kinetic'' || N/A<br />
|-<br />
| Turret || '''''Turret front''''' <br> 520 - 600+ mm ''Chemical'' <br> 380 - 400+ mm ''Kinetic'' <br> '''''Gun mantlet''''' <br> 210 - 530+ mm ''Chemical'' <br> 175 - 400+ mm ''Kinetic'' || '''''Turret side''''' <br> 45 - 400+ mm ''Chemical'' <br> 45 - 225+ mm ''Kinetic''<br />
|}<br />
'''Notes:'''<br />
<br />
*Tracks and suspension - 20 mm<br />
*Sideskirts - 12 mm<br />
*Fenders - 5 mm<br />
*There is a 10 mm composite screen on the turret roof<br />
<br />
=== Mobility ===<br />
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}<br />
<!-- ''Write about the mobility of the ground vehicle. Estimate the specific power and manoeuvrability, as well as the maximum speed forwards and backwards.'' --><br />
<br />
{{tankMobility|abMinHp=1,761|rbMinHp=1,150|AoAweight=1}}<br />
<br />
=== Modifications and economy ===<br />
{{Specs-Economy}}<br />
<br />
== Armaments ==<br />
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}<br />
=== Main armament ===<br />
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}<br />
<!-- ''Give the reader information about the characteristics of the main gun. Assess its effectiveness in a battle based on the reloading speed, ballistics and the power of shells. Do not forget about the flexibility of the fire, that is how quickly the cannon can be aimed at the target, open fire on it and aim at another enemy. Add a link to the main article on the gun: <code><nowiki>{{main|Name of the weapon}}</nowiki></code>. Describe in general terms the ammunition available for the main gun. Give advice on how to use them and how to fill the ammunition storage.'' --><br />
{{main|OTO Breda 120/44 (120 mm)}}<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="5" | [[OTO Breda 120/44 (120 mm)|120 mm OTO Breda 120/44]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)<br />
|-<br />
! Mode !! Capacity !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer<br />
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced<br />
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced<br />
|-<br />
! ''Arcade''<br />
| rowspan="2" | 42 || rowspan="2" | -10°/+20° || rowspan="2" | ±180° || rowspan="2" | Two-plane || 38.1 || 52.7 || 64.0 || 70.8 || 75.3 || rowspan="2" | 7.80 || rowspan="2" | 6.90 || rowspan="2" | 6.36 || rowspan="2" | 6.00<br />
|-<br />
! ''Realistic''<br />
| 23.8 || 28.0 || 34.0 || 37.6 || 40.0<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==== Ammunition ====<br />
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"<br />
! colspan="8" | Penetration statistics<br />
|-<br />
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition<br />
! rowspan="2" | Type of<br>warhead<br />
! colspan="6" | '''Penetration @ 0° Angle of Attack (mm)'''<br />
|-<br />
! 10 m !! 100 m !! 500 m !! 1,000 m !! 1,500 m !! 2,000 m<br />
|-<br />
| DM12A1 || HEATFS || 480 || 480 || 480 || 480 || 480 || 480<br />
|-<br />
| DM33 || APFSDS || 481 || 478 || 470 || 461 || 450 || 440<br />
|-<br />
| CL3143 || APFSDS || 625 || 622 || 613 || 601 || 588 || 575<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"<br />
! colspan="10" | Shell details<br />
|-<br />
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition<br />
! rowspan="2" | Type of<br>warhead<br />
! rowspan="2" | Velocity<br>(m/s)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Projectile<br>Mass (kg)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Fuse delay<br>(m)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Fuse sensitivity<br>(mm)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Explosive Mass<br>(TNT equivalent) (g)<br />
! colspan="3" | Ricochet<br />
|-<br />
! 0% !! 50% !! 100%<br />
|-<br />
| DM12A1 || HEATFS || 1,140 || 13.5 || 0.05 || 0.1 || 2,150 || 65° || 72° || 77°<br />
|-<br />
| DM33 || APFSDS || 1,640 || 4.3 || N/A || N/A || N/A || 78° || 80° || 81°<br />
|-<br />
| CL3143 || APFSDS || 1,705 || 5.6 || N/A || N/A || N/A || 78° || 80° || 81°<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==== [[Ammo racks]] ====<br />
[[File:Ammoracks_Ariete_(P).png|right|thumb|x250px|[[Ammo racks]] of the {{PAGENAME}}]]<br />
<!-- '''Last updated: 2.5.0.23''' --><br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"<br />
|-<br />
! Full<br>ammo<br />
! 1st<br>rack empty<br />
! 2nd<br>rack empty<br />
! Visual<br>discrepancy<br />
|-<br />
| '''42''' || 16&nbsp;''(+26)'' || 1&nbsp;''(+41)'' || No<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
Notes:<br />
<br />
* Shells are modeled individually and disappear after having been shot or loaded.<br />
* Rack 2 is a first stage ammo rack. It totals 15 shells and gets filled first when loading up the tank.<br />
* Simply not firing when the gun is loaded will move ammo from rack 1 into rack 2. Firing will interrupt the restocking of the ready rack.<br />
<br />
=== Machine guns ===<br />
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|2}}<br />
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|3}}<br />
<!-- ''Offensive and anti-aircraft machine guns not only allow you to fight some aircraft but also are effective against lightly armoured vehicles. Evaluate machine guns and give recommendations on its use.'' --><br />
{{main|Beretta MG42/59 (7.62 mm)}}<br />
<br />
''Offensive and anti-aircraft machine guns not only allow you to fight some aircraft but also are effective against lightly armoured vehicles. Evaluate machine guns and give recommendations on its use.''<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="5" | [[Beretta MG42/59 (7.62 mm)|7.62 mm Beretta MG42/59]]<br />
|-<br />
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal<br />
|-<br />
| Coaxial || 4,500 (200) || 1,200 || ±5° || N/A<br />
|-<br />
| Pintle (Commander) - R || 2,000 (200) || 1,200 || -8°/+80° || ±180°<br />
|-<br />
| Pintle (Loader) - L || 2,000 (200) || 1,200 || -8°/+80° || ±180°<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
== Usage in battles ==<br />
<!-- ''Describe the tactics of playing in the vehicle, the features of using vehicles in the team and advice on tactics. Refrain from creating a "guide" - do not impose a single point of view but instead give the reader food for thought. Describe the most dangerous enemies and give recommendations on fighting them. If necessary, note the specifics of the game in different modes (AB, RB, SB).'' --><br />
<br />
The C1 Ariete has access to a decent round, the CL3143, and with the WAR add-on armour installed, can also protect itself against some 125 mm APFSDS and the majority of low level IFV autocannon fire. The best playstyle for the Ariete, especially when you are just starting out with it, would be more a supportive one, such as flanking manoeuvres or to stick with your better armoured teammates who can withstand hits such as Leopards 2A6. The Ariete being one of the weakest top tier MBTs for its battle rating, it is advised to keep your distance and try pick enemies from far away. With the CL3143 round, you can easily take out the majority of enemies with one hit if you aim right. Most top tier MBT weak spots at the front are the lower front of the vehicle. If you manage to flank the enemy team, go for the sides or where the ammunition is stored as that also will usually get rid of an enemy quickly. When you have unlocked the WAR add-on armour kit, you have more chances to play hull down which will greatly increase your overall effectiveness on the battlefield, as you'll be able to withstand some shots coming your way. Remember that in Arcade Battles, enemies can easily find out where you are with your name tag and where your weak spots are. The Ariete also has access to commanders thermals, something the previous vehicle (Ariete (P)) did not have. This will be one of the most useful items in your arsenal and will allow you to better spot enemies from behind cover, as well as quickly engage and disengage without exposing yourself long enough for the enemy to see you coming. If you can master this technique, you'll be able to still be useful despite being at a disadvantage. <br />
<br />
=== Pros and cons ===<br />
<!-- ''Summarise and briefly evaluate the vehicle in terms of its characteristics and combat effectiveness. Mark its pros and cons in a bulleted list. Try not to use more than 6 points for each of the characteristics. Avoid using categorical definitions such as "bad", "good" and the like - use substitutions with softer forms such as "inadequate" and "effective".'' --><br />
<br />
'''Pros:'''<br />
<br />
* The DM33 APFSDS round is a tier 1 modification<br />
* The CL3143 APFSDS round can penetrate almost all tanks even in the turret cheeks<br />
* The turret cheeks are reasonably armoured against HEAT-FS below 125 mm, especially with the War kit modification equipped<br />
* Decent mobility forwards<br />
* The commander has access to thermal sights, and both gunner and commander thermals are Gen 2 (higher resolution)<br />
* Outstanding gun handling characteristics<br />
* Quick and responsive reverse<br />
* Fairly decent and reactive mobility at medium to high speeds<br />
* Quick neutral steering<br />
* CL3143, combined with great thermals and a laser rangefinder make for an exceptionally deadly sniper<br />
<br />
* Unlike other NATO MBT's, there is no ammo rack in the turret - a penetration in the turret rarely destroys the tank in one shot<br />
<br />
'''Cons:'''<br />
<br />
* Hull armour almost non-existent<br />
* Placement of crew members and first stage ammo rack make hits to the hull fatal<br />
* The lack of armour is not counteracted by improved mobility, the mobility is average for a rank VII ground vehicle<br />
* The stock ammunition is HEATFS, the CL3143 round is a tier 4 modification<br />
* The War kit armour package is a tier 4 modification<br />
* The War kit armour package only increases chemical protection, with missiles and 125 mm HEAT-FS still able to penetrate<br />
* Transmission makes low speed manoeuvring sluggish<br />
* Russian tanks, protected by CONTACT-5 ERA, can withstand CL3143 directly on the ERA blocks<br />
<br />
== History ==<br />
<!-- ''Describe the history of the creation and combat usage of the vehicle in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the vehicle and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Vehicle-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>. This section may also include the vehicle's dev blog entry (if applicable) and the in-game encyclopedia description (under <code><nowiki>=== In-game description ===</nowiki></code>, also if applicable).'' --><br />
The history of the C1 Ariete begins during the late stages of the Cold War, with a program born out of the need of the Italian army to modernize the fleet of tanks they had during the Cold War, which were the Leopards and M60s. Those tanks would be considered obsolete, considering the fact that many countries around the world who adopted such designs had either put them out of service or replaced them for something more modern. To make the new Italian MBT, Italy put Iveco and OTO Melara in charge. Iveco dealt with the hull, transmission, and engine, while OTO Melara took care of the turret, cannon, and the installation of sights. After many changes, and a couple of wooden mock-ups, the C1 Ariete (P), would first be shown to the public, at a presentation inside of La Spezia in 1987. Development kept on continuing towards the year of 1990, which allowed both Iveco and OTO Melara to refine the C1 Ariete's design. Deliveries were scheduled to first take place in 1993, however due to some setbacks (likely funding) it wouldn't be until 1995 that the first C1 Ariete production deliveries actually took place. At first an order of 300 tanks would be made, but due to the Cold War coming to an end, it was reduced to only 200 units, which would all finally be delivered on 7th August 2002.<br />
<br />
The C1 Ariete had many new advancements that the previous tanks that Italy used could only dream of having. The first C1 Ariete production models had access to the TURMS 3rd generation LTFCS made by Officine Galileo, which gave the capability to the Ariete to fire on the move, both during the day and at night. However later down the line, the last 50 Arietes would receive an upgrade of their sights, which resulted in many improvements, such as giving the C1 Ariete commanders thermal imaging. In terms of armaments, the C1 Ariete (P) and C1 Ariete Production have access to a 120 mm smoothbore gun, made by OTO Melara, with similarities to the German made L44. The Ariete can fire all NATO standard munitions, however as of now the best round that is known the vehicle has in service, would be the CL3143 APFSDS, which is a license-produced version of the M332 Israeli-made round. In 2010 there were plans to buy M338 APFSDS for the C1 Ariete, which was basically DM43 with an improved cap, but nothing came out of it, however as previously mentioned before, if need be the C1 Ariete can fire the majority of NATO standard munitions. The C1 Ariete's armour is currently classified, as it is currently still in service, however CIO (Consorzio Iveco-Oto Melara) claim that it is a mix of steel and composite on both the hull and turret. Most experts claim that the C1 Ariete, at least the first production models, had similar if not better protection than a Leopard 2A4, this does hold some truth as both tanks were designed around the same time.<br />
<br />
Currently there are 3 known upgrades to the C1 Ariete armour, one of which was first shown in 2002 in the form of a mock-up of the "C2 Ariete", though the planned upgrades never came into fruition. However a couple of C1 production Arietes would later be equipped and tested with the add-on armour package known as "WAR". As the name implies, the new pack was made for war scenarios, and is said to stop a lot of APFSDS rounds from actually entering the tank, giving a new elevated protection to both the tank and the crew. The second armour upgrade would come in the form of the "PSO" kit (Peace Support Operation), which would add new composite add-on armour to the sides of the C1 Ariete. The Ariete PSO was deployed during Operation Ancient Babylon in Iraq. And last but not least, recently it was discovered that a mix of WAR+PSO was tested on the C1 Ariete, although little to no information is available on this upgrade. There is one upgrade that is in the works, known as the C1 Ariete AMV, standing for "Ammodernamento di Mezza Vita" (English: "mid life update"). This new update is said to bring the C1 Ariete up to standard; planned upgrades include a new modern sight and thermal system made by Leonardo, active protection systems, better armour, new engine, and much more. The first 3 AMV prototypes are said to be complete by the end of 2021. In terms of service, the C1 Ariete has partaken in many peace-keeping operations around the globe, such as in Yugoslavia, Iraq, and now currently being used in Latvia for NATO's Enhanced Forward Presence mission.<br />
<br />
== Media ==<br />
<!-- ''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.'' --><br />
<br />
;Skins<br />
<br />
* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicleCountry=italy&vehicleType=tank&vehicleClass=medium_tank&vehicle=it_c1_ariete Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]<br />
<br />
;Videos<br />
{{Youtube-gallery|ifv05cSErOc|'''The Shooting Range #152''' - ''Metal Beasts'' section at 00:35 discusses the Ariete.}}<br />
<br />
== See also ==<br />
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''<br />
<br />
* ''reference to the series of the vehicles;''<br />
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''<br />
<br />
== External links ==<br />
''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''<br />
<br />
* ''topic on the official game forum;''<br />
* ''other literature.''<br />
<br />
{{Italy medium tanks}}</div>U29417738https://wiki.warthunder.com/index.php?title=Leopard_2A6&diff=103790Leopard 2A62021-05-27T08:02:40Z<p>U29417738: /* Pros and cons */</p>
<hr />
<div>{{About<br />
| about = German medium tank '''{{PAGENAME}}'''<br />
| usage = other versions<br />
| link = Leopard 2 (Family)<br />
}}<br />
{{Specs-Card<br />
|code=germ_leopard_2a6<br />
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
== Description ==<br />
<!-- ''In the description, the first part should be about the history of the creation and combat usage of the vehicle, as well as its key features. In the second part, tell the reader about the ground vehicle in the game. Insert a screenshot of the vehicle, so that if the novice player does not remember the vehicle by name, he will immediately understand what kind of vehicle the article is talking about.'' --><br />
The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} German medium tank {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update "New Power"]].<br />
<br />
The succeeding variant of the [[Leopard 2A5]], the {{PAGENAME}} is distinguished by a longer gun barrel, the 120 mm Rh120 L/55, a 55 calibre (6.6 m) long gun, 11 calibres (1.32 m) longer than its predecessor.<br />
<br />
== General info ==<br />
=== Survivability and armour ===<br />
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}<br />
<!-- ''Describe armour protection. Note the most well protected and key weak areas. Appreciate the layout of modules as well as the number and location of crew members. Is the level of armour protection sufficient, is the placement of modules helpful for survival in combat? If necessary use a visual template to indicate the most secure and weak zones of the armour.'' --><br />
[[File:Leopard 2A5 armour scheme.png|thumb|The frontal KE protection of the {{PAGENAME}} against 3BM42 at 500 m.]]<br />
<br />
The {{PAGENAME}} retains the same excellent armour than its predecessor, the hull remains well protected and the already impenetrable turret cheeks have more protection on the side of the turret. Add-on armour boosts the ability to protect against HEAT-FS and early ADFSDS rounds. The wedges on the front of the turret are able to be blown off if a round with enough energy hits it. The gunners optic is also moved into the roof to eliminate the weak spot which was easily penetrated by any tank.<br />
<br />
[[File:Leopard 2A5 CE armour scheme.png|thumb|The frontal CE protection of the {{PAGENAME}} against MIM-146.]]<br />
Be aware of Soviet tanks though! Most of them will carry their HE rounds that can easily destroy you anywhere they hit. A hit directly to the turret will most likely send fragments into your hull, penetrate and lets your fuel tank explode or at least set a fire and knock out the gun barrel.<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|-<br />
!Armour !! Front (Slope angle)!!Sides!!Rear!!Roof<br />
|-<br />
|Hull<br />
|35 mm (53-82°) ''Upper glacis''<br>40 mm (50-51°) ''Lower glacis''<br />
|10 mm (5°) ''Upper hull''<br>35 mm (0°) ''Lower forward hull''<br>20 mm (0°) ''Lower rear hull''<br />
|20 mm (12-50°) ''All rear''<br />
|20 mm (0-8°) ''Hull roof incl. engine deck''<br />
|-<br />
|Turret<br />
|80 mm (57-59°) ''Right cheek add-on''<br>80 mm (55-58°) ''Left cheek add-on''<br>30 mm (63°) ''Upper mantlet add-on''<br>400 mm (1°) ''Mantlet armour''<br>250 mm (9°) ''Mantlet shroud''<br />
|80 mm (20-22°) ''Right add-on''<br>80 mm (22°) ''Left add-on''<br>35 mm (0°) ''Forward''<br>15 mm (0°) ''Rear''<br />
|20 mm (10°) ''Basket''<br>20 mm (70°) ''Turret underside''<br />
|35 - 40 mm (80-89°) ''Forehead Armour''<br>14 mm (68-82°) ''Forward sides''<br>20 mm (89°) ''Rear turret''<br>20 mm (83°) ''Basket''<br />
|-<br />
!Composite armour<br />
! colspan="2" |Front<br />
! colspan="2" |Sides<br />
|- style="vertical-align:top;"<br />
|Hull<br />
| colspan="2" |'''''Upper+Lower glacis'''''<br>440 - 480 mm ''Kinetic''<br>600 mm ''Chemical''<br />
| colspan="2" | N/A<br />
|- style="vertical-align:top;"<br />
|Turret<br />
| colspan="2" | '''''turret cheeks'''''<br>850 - 950 mm ''Kinetic''<br>1200 mm ''Chemical''<br />
<br />
'''''Gun mantlet (Center)'''''<br><br />
260 - 325 mm ''Kinetic''<br><br />
600 - 690 mm ''Chemical''<br />
<br />
'''''Gun mantlet (Outer)'''''<br><br />
425 - 460 mm ''Kinetic''<br><br />
825 - 905 ''Chemical''<br />
<br />
| colspan="2" | '''''Side armour'''''<br>260 mm ''Kinetic''<br>230 - 285 mm ''Chemical''<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
'''Notes:'''<br />
<br />
* ''Upper hull'' and ''Lower rear hull'' overlap (10 + 20 mm thick)<br />
* ''Upper mantlet add-on'' and ''Mantlet armour'' overlap (30 + 400 mm thick)<br />
* Holes in the engine deck are covered by 8 mm of mesh<br />
<br />
=== Mobility ===<br />
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}<br />
<!-- ''Write about the mobility of the ground vehicle. Estimate the specific power and manoeuvrability, as well as the maximum speed forwards and backwards.'' --><br />
<br />
{{tankMobility|abMinHp=2,032|rbMinHp=1,327}}<br />
<br />
The only drawback compared to the previous model would be the {{PAGENAME}}'s mobility since, despite the half ton increase in weight, the engine remains the same, so the {{PAGENAME}} remains relatively slow and relatively unmanoeuvrable like the [[Leopard 2A5]], but it can still keep up with the other nations MBTs.<br />
The engine remains the same MTU (MOTOREN-UND TURBINEN-UNION FRIEDRICHSHAFEN GMBH) MB 873 Ka-501 engine which produces 1,500 hp (1,100 KW) at 2,600 RPM.<br />
<br />
=== Modifications and economy ===<br />
{{Specs-Economy}}<br />
<br />
== Armaments ==<br />
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}<br />
=== Main armament ===<br />
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}<br />
<!-- ''Give the reader information about the characteristics of the main gun. Assess its effectiveness in a battle based on the reloading speed, ballistics and the power of shells. Do not forget about the flexibility of the fire, that is how quickly the cannon can be aimed at the target, open fire on it and aim at another enemy. Add a link to the main article on the gun: <code><nowiki>{{main|Name of the weapon}}</nowiki></code>. Describe in general terms the ammunition available for the main gun. Give advice on how to use them and how to fill the ammunition storage.'' --><br />
{{main|Rh120 L/55 (120 mm)}}<br />
<br />
The {{PAGENAME}} has access to the DM53 APFSDS shells, the APFSDS shell with the highest penetration as of Version 2.1.0.46. Such shell is able to penetrate [[M1A2 Abrams]], [[Challenger 2]] and [[T-80U]] more easily than its predecessor.<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="5" | [[Rh120 L/55 (120 mm)|120 mm Rh120 L/55]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)<br />
|-<br />
! Mode !! Capacity !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer<br />
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced<br />
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced<br />
|-<br />
! ''Arcade''<br />
| rowspan="2" | 42 || rowspan="2" | -9°/+20° || rowspan="2" | ±180° || rowspan="2" | Two-plane || 38.1 || 52.7 || 64.0 || 70.8 || 75.3 || rowspan="2" | 8.71 || rowspan="2" | 7.70 || rowspan="2" | 7.10 || rowspan="2" | 6.70<br />
|-<br />
! ''Realistic''<br />
| 23.8 || 28.0 || 34.0 || 37.6 || 40.0<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==== Ammunition ====<br />
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"<br />
! colspan="8" | Penetration statistics<br />
|-<br />
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition<br />
! rowspan="2" | Type of<br>warhead<br />
! colspan="6" | '''Penetration @ 0° Angle of Attack (mm)'''<br />
|-<br />
! 10 m !! 100 m !! 500 m !! 1,000 m !! 1,500 m !! 2,000 m<br />
|-<br />
| DM12A1 || HEATFS || 480 || 480 || 480 || 480 || 480 || 480<br />
|-<br />
| DM33 || APFSDS || 496 || 494 || 486 || 476 || 466 || 456<br />
|-<br />
| DM53 || APFSDS || 652 || 650 || 640 || 628 || 616 || 604<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"<br />
! colspan="10" | Shell details<br />
|-<br />
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition<br />
! rowspan="2" | Type of<br>warhead<br />
! rowspan="2" | Velocity<br>(m/s)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Projectile<br>Mass (kg)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Fuse delay<br>(m)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Fuse sensitivity<br>(mm)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Explosive Mass<br>(TNT equivalent) (g)<br />
! colspan="3" | Ricochet<br />
|-<br />
! 0% !! 50% !! 100%<br />
|-<br />
| DM12A1 || HEATFS || 1,190 || 13.5 || 0.05 || 0.1 || 2,150 || 65° || 72° || 77°<br />
|-<br />
| DM33 || APFSDS || 1,690 || 4.3 || N/A || N/A || N/A || 78° || 80° || 81°<br />
|-<br />
| DM53 || APFSDS || 1,750 || 5 || N/A || N/A || N/A || 78° || 80° || 81°<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==== [[Ammo racks]] ====<br />
[[File:Ammoracks_{{PAGENAME}}.png|right|thumb|x250px|[[Ammo racks]] of the {{PAGENAME}}]]<br />
<!-- '''Last updated: 2.1.0.46''' --><br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"<br />
|-<br />
! Full<br>ammo<br />
! 1st<br>rack empty<br />
! 2nd<br>rack empty<br />
! Visual<br>discrepancy<br />
|-<br />
| '''42''' || 16&nbsp;''(+26)'' || 1&nbsp;''(+41)'' || No<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
Notes:<br />
<br />
* The 2nd Rack serves as First-Stage ammo stowage.<br />
<br />
=== Machine guns ===<br />
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|2}}<br />
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|3}}<br />
<!-- ''Offensive and anti-aircraft machine guns not only allow you to fight some aircraft but also are effective against lightly armoured vehicles. Evaluate machine guns and give recommendations on its use.'' --><br />
{{main|MG3A1 (7.62 mm)}}<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="5" | [[MG3A1 (7.62 mm)|7.62 mm MG3A1]]<br />
|-<br />
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal<br />
|-<br />
| Coaxial || 4,500 (1,000) || 1,200 || N/A || N/A<br />
|-<br />
| Pintle || 2,000 (1,000) || 1,200 || -8°/+20° || ±120°<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
== Usage in battles ==<br />
<!-- ''Describe the tactics of playing in the vehicle, the features of using vehicles in the team and advice on tactics. Refrain from creating a "guide" - do not impose a single point of view but instead give the reader food for thought. Describe the most dangerous enemies and give recommendations on fighting them. If necessary, note the specifics of the game in different modes (AB, RB, SB).'' --><br />
<br />
The {{PAGENAME}} remains as slow, but as well armoured, as its predecessor, but it has access to the DM53 round. With the new shell, the playstyle remains similar:<br />
<br />
* ''Hull down'': In the 2A6, the turret is well armoured thanks to the add-on wedge armour, so a hull-down position can now leave the {{PAGENAME}} invulnerable. Even then try to find cover, so then the armour package can last longer throughout the battle.<br />
* ''Sniping'': With the DM53 APFSDS round, the {{PAGENAME}} has an incredibly powerful gun with the highest penetrating shell in the game, therefore it can now make use of the great distance in combat to deal damage while tanking incoming shots. Making use of hull-down positions whilst sniping is recommended.<br />
* ''Flanking'': Due to the {{PAGENAME}} inheriting the relatively slow mobility compared to the other vehicles sharing the same battle rating, it is better to stick to more stationary tactics like ''hull-down'' and ''sniping''. However, with a little bit of caution, flanking can still be successful.<br />
* ''Staying with nearby teammates:'' Try and stick to nearby teammates as this can improve your lifespan throughout the game.<br />
<br />
=== Pros and cons ===<br />
<!-- ''Summarise and briefly evaluate the vehicle in terms of its characteristics and combat effectiveness. Mark its pros and cons in a bulleted list. Try not to use more than 6 points for each of the characteristics. Avoid using categorical definitions such as "bad", "good" and the like - use substitutions with softer forms such as "inadequate" and "effective".'' --><br />
<br />
'''Pros:'''<br />
<br />
* Incredibly powerful gun with the highest penetrating shell in the game, the DM53 with 650 mm of penetration at 100 m<br />
* Impenetrable turret cheeks, the add-on wedge armour makes the turret immune from every shell in the game (average of 850 mm against long rod APFSDS and 1,450 mm against HEAT)<br />
* Good armour on the UFP (430 mm against APFSDS), immune to older shells; though many top-tier tanks possess shells which can go straight through<br />
* Great gun handling: 40°/s turret rotation speed (with Ace crew) and -9°/+20° of vertical guidance<br />
* Side turret covered by add-on armour can bounce early APFSDS shells<br />
* Gunner optics are now mounted on top of the turret, removing the annoying weak spot present on the Leopard 2A4<br />
* Cannon barrel and cannon breech absorbs impact rounds which may otherwise penetrate the turret and injure crews<br />
* Very good thermal imaging quality (Generation 2 for Binoculars, 800 x 600, and Generation 1 for Gunner's view, 500 x 300)<br />
<br />
'''Cons:'''<br />
<br />
* Lower glacis can still be penetrated by most shells (but is expected for most MBTs)<br />
* 16 shells in the ready-rack may be insufficient when playing in Arcade Battles<br />
* Huge hull ammo-rack if more than 16 shells are carried consequently making the tank extremely vulnerable to HE shells<br />
* A penetrating shot on the left side of the hull will most likely knock out the driver, gunner and commander, thus destroying the tank<br />
* A penetrating shell on the right side of the hull will most likely hit the ammo-rack, destroying the tank<br />
* The wedges can be shot off with several hits, though the turret cheeks alone provide 710 mm against KE<br />
* Despite all the added armour, the turret ring and driver's hatch are both easily penetrated, and the enemy will most likely aim at these two spots to disable or destroy the tank<br />
* Slower reload than contemporary (NATO) tanks<br />
* Priority target<br />
<br />
== History ==<br />
<!-- ''Describe the history of the creation and combat usage of the vehicle in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the vehicle and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Vehicle-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>. This section may also include the vehicle's dev blog entry (if applicable) and the in-game encyclopedia description (under <code><nowiki>=== In-game description ===</nowiki></code>, also if applicable).'' --><br />
Following the rollout of the Leopard 2A5 modification with enhanced protection, German engineers, in cooperation with international partners, immediately began working on improving the MBTs firepower.<br />
<br />
This was achieved by, among other minor modifications, lengthening the Rh 120 L44 cannon by 1,320 mm, thus creating the Rh 120 L55. As a result, the Leopard 2A6's firing range was extended in addition to other ballistic properties being improved.<br />
<br />
Production of the vehicle began in the early 2000s by converting older Leopard 2A4 and A5 models to the new standard. Initially, around 225 Leopard 2A6s were produced for the German Bundeswehr. Apart from domestic use, the Leopard 2A6 also sees service with Dutch, Canadian, Greek and Portuguese forces, among others. In particular, the Leopard 2A6 was deployed with Canadian forces to Afghanistan in 2007, marking its first operational use.<br />
<br />
The Leopard 2A6 is still in service today and, along with other variants, forms the spearhead of the armoured units of the German Bundeswehr.<br />
<br />
''- From [[wt:en/news/6927-development-leopard-2a6-deadlier-than-ever-en|Devblog]]''<br />
<br />
== Media ==<br />
<!-- ''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.'' --><br />
<br />
;Skins<br />
<br />
* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicleCountry=germany&vehicleType=tank&vehicleClass=medium_tank&vehicle=germ_leopard_2a6 Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]<br />
<br />
;Images<br />
<gallery mode="packed" caption="Leopard 2A6 Devblog Images" heights="200"><br />
File:Leopard 2A6 WTWallpaper 001.jpg|<br />
File:Leopard 2A6 WTWallpaper 002.jpg|<br />
File:Leopard 2A6 WTWallpaper 003.jpg|<br />
File:Leopard 2A6 WTWallpaper 004.jpg|<br />
File:Leopard 2A6 WTWallpaper 005.jpg|<br />
File:Leopard 2A6 WTWallpaper 006.jpg|<br />
File:Leopard 2A6 WTWallpaper 007.jpg|<br />
File:Leopard 2A6 WTWallpaper 008.jpg|<br />
</gallery><br />
<br />
;Videos<br />
{{Youtube-gallery|zesNf8kYsKg|'''The Shooting Range #229''' - ''Metal Beasts'' section at 00:28 discusses the {{PAGENAME}}.|BkompiilVQw|'''Should You Grind The {{PAGENAME}}?''' - ''Sako Sniper''|nUJ9BpfFxNA|'''{{PAGENAME}} Tank Review''' - ''Napalmratte''}}<br />
<br />
== See also ==<br />
<!-- ''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''<br />
* ''reference to the series of the vehicles;''<br />
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.'' --><br />
<br />
* [[Leopard 2A5]] - Preceding vehicle<br />
<br />
== External links ==<br />
<!-- ''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''<br />
* ''topic on the official game forum;''<br />
* ''other literature.'' --><br />
<br />
* [[wt:en/news/6927-development-leopard-2a6-deadlier-than-ever-en|[Devblog] Leopard 2A6: Deadlier than ever]]<br />
<br />
{{Germany medium tanks}}</div>U29417738https://wiki.warthunder.com/index.php?title=ZTZ96A&diff=103789ZTZ96A2021-05-27T07:48:24Z<p>U29417738: /* Pros and cons */</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Specs-Card<br />
|code=cn_ztz_96a<br />
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
== Description ==<br />
<!-- ''In the description, the first part should be about the history of the creation and combat usage of the vehicle, as well as its key features. In the second part, tell the reader about the ground vehicle in the game. Insert a screenshot of the vehicle, so that if the novice player does not remember the vehicle by name, he will immediately understand what kind of vehicle the article is talking about.'' --><br />
The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} Chinese medium tank {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.97 "Viking Fury"]].<br />
<br />
The ZTZ96A is an upgraded variant of the [[ZTZ96]] that improves on several of its predecessor's deficiencies. FY-4 ERA blocks have been installed on the turret and hull, changing the appearance of the tank and offering drastically improved protection against both kinetic and chemical munitions. The engine has been slightly improved and the gunner now has access to thermal sights. While it still isn't the most mobile or well-protected tank around, the ZTZ96A has enough tricks up its sleeve to be a flexible and capable fighter on the battlefield.<br />
<br />
== General info ==<br />
=== Survivability and armour ===<br />
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}<br />
<!-- ''Describe armour protection. Note the most well protected and key weak areas. Appreciate the layout of modules as well as the number and location of crew members. Is the level of armour protection sufficient, is the placement of modules helpful for survival in combat? If necessary use a visual template to indicate the most secure and weak zones of the armour.'' --><br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
!Armour<br />
!Front (Slope angle)<br />
!Sides<br />
!Rear<br />
!Roof<br />
|-<br />
|Hull<br />
|___ mm<br />
|___ mm ''Top''<br />
___ mm ''Bottom''<br />
|45 mm (10°)<br />
|20-30 mm<br />
|-<br />
|Turret<br />
|___ - ___ mm ''Turret front''<br />
___ mm ''Gun mantlet''<br />
|___ - ___ mm<br />
|5 mm<br />
|20-30 mm<br />
|-<br />
|Cupola<br />
|30 mm<br />
|30 mm<br />
|30 mm<br />
|30 mm<br />
|}<br />
<br />
The most noticeable change on the ZTZ96A is the new armor profile. The design of the ZTZ96A's turret is a further drastic departure from the traditional Chinese and Soviet dome turret design. The turret front is equipped with a wedge or arrowhead shaped block of applique armor, which is modeled as being made of FY-4 ERA tiles. It looks somewhat like the [[Leopard 2A5]]; however, the armour stops short at the coaxial gun port, providing a weak spot for the enemy to exploit. Shooting this area does not usually result in an instant knock-out as it will only disable the gun breech and take out the commander or gunner (depending on which side is shot). The protected areas of the turret cheeks are quite strong for the ZTZ96A's rank; total kinetic protection is around 500 mm of RHA equivalent, which is sufficient to resist any APFSDS fired by Rank VI tanks. Chemical protection is around 900 mm, enough to stop many ATGMs. ERA has also been added to the exterior of the storage racks on the turret sides, but there is not enough total protection to stop anything more than light autocannon fire or small HEAT rounds.<br />
<br />
As for the hull, the added FY-4 ERA on the upper glacis increases the survivability of the tank. Total kinetic protection is around 480 mm and chemical protection is upwards of 900 mm. Even a direct shot from most APFSDS can be resisted.<br />
<br />
It is worth remembering that ERA tiles are destroyed upon absorbing fire and can also be stripped off by autocannons. Without the FY-4 ERA, the base armor of the ZTZ96A is exactly the same as the ZTZ96 and can be easily penetrated by 105 mm DM33 rounds for example. The general weak spots of the ZTZ96 still exist; as mentioned before, the gun breech area does not enjoy the benefits of the new turret armor, and the lower glacis is still completely unprotected. Shots to the lower glacis will often detonate the ammunition in the autoloader and total the tank.<br />
<br />
<br />
=== Mobility ===<br />
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}<br />
<!-- ''Write about the mobility of the ground vehicle. Estimate the specific power and manoeuvrability, as well as the maximum speed forwards and backwards.'' --><br />
<br />
{{tankMobility|abMinHp=1,240|rbMinHp=708}}<br />
<br />
The ZTZ96A's engine outputs an additional 70 horsepower compared to the ZTZ96's, which is a small but welcome improvement. It still will not win any speed races against most Western MBTs like the [[Leopard 2K]] or [[MBT-70]], and even the [[Challenger Mk.2]] can match the ZTZ96A's mobility. Oddly enough the reverse speed of -5 km/h is actually worse than the original ZTZ96, so be careful not to overextend.<br />
<br />
=== Modifications and economy ===<br />
{{Specs-Economy}}<br />
<br />
== Armaments ==<br />
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}<br />
=== Main armament ===<br />
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}<br />
<!-- ''Give the reader information about the characteristics of the main gun. Assess its effectiveness in a battle based on the reloading speed, ballistics and the power of shells. Do not forget about the flexibility of the fire, that is how quickly the cannon can be aimed at the target, open fire on it and aim at another enemy. Add a link to the main article on the gun: <code><nowiki>{{main|Name of the weapon}}</nowiki></code>. Describe in general terms the ammunition available for the main gun. Give advice on how to use them and how to fill the ammunition storage.'' --><br />
{{main|Type 88C (125 mm)}}<br />
<br />
The ZTZ96A makes up for its drawbacks in mobility with a superb gun. The 125 mm Type 88C smoothbore gun is capable of firing APFSDS, HE and HEAT-FS ammunition. For its battle rating, the 125-I shell performs very well, offering 466 mm of flat penetration at point-blank and dropping only to 434 mm at 2 kilometres. Its angled performance is exceptionally good at 269 mm at 60 degrees, outperforming even the best Soviet APFSDS round, 3BM42 whose angled penetration is only 248 mm. For reference, the 125-I performs comparably to Western long-rod sabot rounds such as DM33. The HEAT-FS round is nothing special with a standard 480 mm of penetration that is only really effective at destroying lightly armoured vehicles such as SPAA. The HE round is of the Soviet-style, packing a whopping 5.4 kg of TNT equivalent that can deal devastating damage against Western tanks' weak spots of the hull and turret roof and turret ring. It's recommended to entirely ditch the HEAT-FS for HE as it arguably performs better in the anti-tank role, ironically.<br />
<br />
Although the ZTZ96A uses a similar autoloader system to the T-72, its reload time of 7.5 seconds is slightly longer than the T-72's 7.1 seconds.<br />
<br />
It should be noted that the ZTZ96A's gun depression and gun elevation have declined by 1 and 2 degrees, respectively, compared to the ZTZ96. The latter doesn't make much of a difference, but the former is concerning on hilly maps.<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="5" | [[Type 88C (125 mm)|125 mm Type 88C]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)<br />
|-<br />
! Mode !! Capacity !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer<br />
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced<br />
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced<br />
|-<br />
! ''Arcade''<br />
| rowspan="2" | 40 || rowspan="2" | -5°/+12° || rowspan="2" | ±180° || rowspan="2" | Two-plane || 28.6 || 39.5 || 48.0 || 53.1 || 56.5 || rowspan="2" | 7.50 || rowspan="2" | 7.50 || rowspan="2" | 7.50 || rowspan="2" | 7.50<br />
|-<br />
! ''Realistic''<br />
| 17.9 || 21.0 || 25.5 || 28.2 || 30.0<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==== Ammunition ====<br />
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"<br />
! colspan="8" | Penetration statistics<br />
|-<br />
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition<br />
! rowspan="2" | Type of<br>warhead<br />
! colspan="6" | '''Penetration @ 0° Angle of Attack (mm)'''<br />
|-<br />
! 10 m !! 100 m !! 500 m !! 1,000 m !! 1,500 m !! 2,000 m<br />
|-<br />
| DTP-125 || HEATFS || 480 || 480 || 480 || 480 || 480 || 480<br />
|-<br />
| DTB-125 || HE || 45 || 45 || 45 || 45 || 45 || 45<br />
|-<br />
| 125-I || APFSDS || 466 || 464 || 458 || 450 || 442 || 434<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"<br />
! colspan="10" | Shell details<br />
|-<br />
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition<br />
! rowspan="2" | Type of<br>warhead<br />
! rowspan="2" | Velocity<br>(m/s)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Projectile<br>Mass (kg)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Fuse delay<br>(m)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Fuse sensitivity<br>(mm)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Explosive Mass<br>(TNT equivalent) (g)<br />
! colspan="3" | Ricochet<br />
|-<br />
! 0% !! 50% !! 100%<br />
|-<br />
| DTP-125 || HEATFS || 905 || 18 || 0.05 || 0.1 || 2,190 || 65° || 72° || 77°<br />
|-<br />
| DTB-125 || HE || 850 || 23 || 0 || 0.1 || 5,460 || 79° || 80° || 81°<br />
|-<br />
| 125-I || APFSDS || 1,730 || 4.02 || N/A || N/A || N/A || 78° || 80° || 81°<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==== [[Ammo racks]] ====<br />
[[File:Ammoracks_{{PAGENAME}}.png|right|thumb|x250px|[[Ammo racks]] of the {{PAGENAME}}]]<br />
<!-- '''Last updated: 2.5.1.99''' --><br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"<br />
|-<br />
! Full<br>ammo<br />
! Ammo<br />part<br />
! 1st<br>rack empty<br />
! 2nd<br>rack empty<br />
! 3rd<br>rack empty<br />
! 4th<br>rack empty<br />
! 5th<br>rack empty<br />
! 6th<br>rack empty<br />
! 7th<br>rack empty<br />
! 8th<br>rack empty<br />
! 9th<br>rack empty<br />
! Visual<br>discrepancy<br />
|-<br />
| '''40''' || ''Projectiles''<br />''Propellants'' || 40&nbsp;''(+0)'' <br> 39&nbsp;''(+1)'' || 38&nbsp;''(+2)'' <br> 38&nbsp;''(+2)'' || 37&nbsp;''(+3)'' <br> 37&nbsp;''(+3)'' || 35&nbsp;''(+5)'' <br> 31&nbsp;''(+9)'' || 32&nbsp;''(+8)'' <br> 27&nbsp;''(+13)'' || 29&nbsp;''(+11)'' <br> 23&nbsp;''(+17)'' || 24&nbsp;''(+16)'' <br> 39&nbsp;''(+1)'' || 23&nbsp;''(+17)'' <br> N/A || 39&nbsp;''(+1)'' <br> N/A || No<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
Notes:<br />
<br />
* The 9th projectile rack and the 7th propellant rack are a mechanized first stage ammo rack. As such the tank has a fixed reload as it uses an autoloader to reload the main gun, and the main gun cannot be reloaded when these ammo racks are empty. <br />
* It takes around 25s per shell to reload the first stage ammo rack. Additionally, there is a 10s interval between when the gun is fully loaded and the crew starts to reload the first stage ammo rack.<br />
* It is advised to take at most 37 rounds in order to empty the turret's ammo racks.<br />
<br />
=== Machine guns ===<br />
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|2}}<br />
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|3}}<br />
<!-- ''Offensive and anti-aircraft machine guns not only allow you to fight some aircraft but also are effective against lightly armoured vehicles. Evaluate machine guns and give recommendations on its use.'' --><br />
{{main|QJC88A (12.7 mm)|Type 86 (7.62 mm)}}<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="5" | [[QJC88A (12.7 mm)|12.7 mm QJC88A]]<br />
|-<br />
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal<br />
|-<br />
| Commander's cupola || 500 (150) || 700 || -5°/+60° || ±180°<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="5" | [[Type 86 (7.62 mm)|7.62 mm Type 86]]<br />
|-<br />
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal<br />
|-<br />
| Coaxial || 2,500 (250) || 700 || N/A || N/A<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
== Usage in battles ==<br />
<!-- ''Describe the tactics of playing in the vehicle, the features of using vehicles in the team and advice on tactics. Refrain from creating a "guide" - do not impose a single point of view but instead give the reader food for thought. Describe the most dangerous enemies and give recommendations on fighting them. If necessary, note the specifics of the game in different modes (AB, RB, SB).'' --><br />
The ZTZ96A has a different playstyle than most MBTs do. Instead of being a king of mobility, this tank trades speed for improved armour protection. The tank's mobility is improved from that of the [[ZTZ96]], but it is still below average for this battle rating. It can keep up with some IFVs, but against MBTs, this tank can't match their speed and acceleration. It also has a poor reverse speed, which can make getting out of sticky situations difficult. This lack of mobility means that the ZTZ96A can't rush objectives or favourable locations at the beginning of battle like faster vehicles can. Additionally, it takes longer to relocate around the map to deal with enemies or to attack and defend capture zones. Flanking manoeuvres are also difficult. However, the ZTZ96A's below-average speed doesn't hinder its abilities to brawl in close quarters situations or to snipe from afar.<br />
<br />
Both of these playstyles benefit from the tank's strong armour protection, which features ERA on the front of the hull and turret. The turret cheeks and upper glacis are especially well-defended--even a direct APFSDS shell can't always penetrate. In general, the tank is hard to damage from the front. This does not mean that it has no weakpoints, though: the gun breech is exposed and unprotected, and a shot there can do great damage inside the turret compartment. In addition, the vehicle sports an ammunition carousel in the bottom of the hull; a side shot here will very often detonate the ammo storage, causing immediate destruction of the tank. And finally, the ZTZ96A only has three crew members, so long-term endurance is lacking. Even one crew member being knocked out makes taking any more damage much riskier. As a whole, the ZTZ96A's protection is potentially strong but inconsistent, so it's best to stick to cover and not trust the armor as a first line of defense. Even gentle ridgelines can help mask the vulnerable lower glacis.<br />
<br />
The ZTZ96A also makes up for its mobility drawbacks with its powerful cannon. Its APFSDS shell has high penetration against both flat and angled armour, and can perform even at long ranges. The gun also makes use of a very powerful HE shell which can deal devastating damage if fired at the roofs of enemy tanks. This gun is reloaded by an autoloading system, which can get a new shell in the breech every 7.5 seconds. The reload speed is worse than that of many MBTs, and skilled players will be able to take advantage of this to destroy the ZTZ96A. It is important to try to destroy the enemy in one shot, or else there may not be enough time to try again. And, the slow reload means that dealing with multiple enemies in quick succession is more difficult than normal. Be careful about the gun's poor turret elevation speed. It can take longer than expected to get sights on a target. The ZTZ96A is equipped with thermal sights which help visibility in night battles or for spotting targets during daytime. Make good use of the thermal sights as they are one of the ZTZ96A's selling points; most contemporary Soviet tanks lack them.<br />
<br />
This vehicle is armed with a roof machine gun for use against aircraft and lightly-armoured ground targets.<br />
<br />
This tank is a good sniper thanks to its strong frontal armour and powerful gun. When sniping, poor mobility is not an issue and the long reload rate doesn't overly hurt the ZTZ96A's performance. It is also more difficult for enemies to target the ZTZ96A's weak spots. If firing from behind ridgelines, remember that the gun depression is below average, at only -5 degrees.<br />
<br />
The ZTZ96A is also effective in close-quarters brawls, where its armour provides a great advantage against the enemy. An opponent like the [[Leopard 2K]] or [[M1 Abrams]] will have to aim for the ZTZ96A's weak spots while the 125-I APFSDS can penetrate these tanks anywhere. Although the gun handling isn't outstanding, it's enough to get the job done with some situational awareness.<br />
<br />
===Assault mode===<br />
For players grinding the APFSDS in assault mode, it is recommended to bring full ammo, with around half HEAT and half HE. As the countdown goes at the start of the match, quickly find a spot where you will not get shot from every direction and stay there until you run out of ammo or get destroyed. The HEAT is great at one-shotting weakly armoured (relatively) cold war tanks, while the HE is capable of destroying those heavily protected top tier MBT. Given that you do not have APFSDS therefore lacking the ability to knock out some AI frontally, you will have to rely on assists to get scores. Firing HEAT / HE at tracks, roof mounted MG, turret ring, cannon barrel, etc can at least immobile / disarm the AI, granting you an assist. The 7.5 second reload will be quite slow when facing a huge wave of AI so you must aim each shot carefully, but other times it is generally fast enough. The ZTZ96's armour can take quite some beating but is also prone to ammo rack explosion, or penetrating shots from the lower front plate and gun mantlet.<br />
<br />
'''Enemies worth noting:'''<br />
<br />
* Leopard 2A5: this is the most protected Leopard you will see in assault, usually in Mozdok and Fulda. When facing it frontally or with slight angles, load HE and aim for its turret ring where the crosshair is green. It is very likely to destroy it instantly. When facing its side, load HEAT and aim for its central hull. Don't expect to block any of its shells as its APFSDS can easily go through the ZTZ96's frontal armour, or the AI can just target your weakspots.<br />
* M1A2: you will see it mostly in Fulda and Ardennes. When facing it frontally or with slight angles, load HEAT and aim for its turret ring where the crosshair is green. It is very likely to destroy it instantly. HE might not work here since it cannot effectively hurt the turret crew. But HE works great when aiming at the M1's turret roof. Items like the MG and the optics will all detonate the HE, causing the downward shrapnel to knock out all the crew. When facing its side, load HEAT and aim for its central hull.<br />
* Challenger 2F: you will see it mostly in Sands of Sinai. It is one of the toughest AI to destroy, especially when there are waves of them. When facing it frontally or with slight angles, load HE and aim for the hull side above the tracks where the crosshair is green. It is very likely to detonate random ammo inside. When facing its side, still load HE and aim for its central hull for an ammo detonation. The Challenger 2F's sides are covered with ERA blocks thus HEAT will get absorbed.<br />
<br />
=== Pros and cons ===<br />
<!-- ''Summarise and briefly evaluate the vehicle in terms of its characteristics and combat effectiveness. Mark its pros and cons in a bulleted list. Try not to use more than 6 points for each of the characteristics. Avoid using categorical definitions such as "bad", "good" and the like - use substitutions with softer forms such as "inadequate" and "effective".'' --><br />
<br />
'''Pros:'''<br />
<br />
* Powerful gun with access to high-penetrating APFSDS (same as ZTZ96)<br />
* Autoloader reloads the cannon even when putting out fires or replacing crew members<br />
* HE shell is extremely powerful (more than 5 kg TNT) for a MBT, it can cripple or outright destroy enemies with overpressure<br />
* Low profile<br />
* Strong turret cheeks armour<br />
* Strong upper glacis armour<br />
* Combinations of strong armour and very fast and high penetrating APFSDS makes it a good sniper<br />
* Roof-mounted heavy machine gun is useful against aircraft and light targets<br />
* Relatively fast turret rotation speed, compared to contemporary Soviet tanks<br />
* Thermal sights<br />
* Improved mobility over predecessor ZTZ96<br />
* Coated in FY-4 ERA - improved protection against chemical-based munitions and slightly improved protection against kinetic penetrators<br />
<br />
'''Cons:'''<br />
<br />
* Only 3 crew members<br />
* Large weak spots<br />
** Large and weak mantlet<br />
** Lower plate is very weak, with penetrating shells killing crew or exploding ammo<br />
* ERA and thickened armour is a great improvement over the previous model, but some shells are still able to penetrate<br />
* Mobility is below average at its rank<br />
** Relatively slow reload compared to other MBTs<br />
** Poor reverse speed<br />
** Heavier than the preceding ZTZ96 due to addition of FY-4 ERA - slightly lower reactive mobility<br />
* Poor gun handling characteristics<br />
** Below average gun depression (-5°)<br />
** Poor zoom in the gunner's sight<br />
** Slow gun elevation and depression<br />
* Autoloader carousel is a giant ammo rack<br />
* No ATGM capability, unlike the T-64B and T-72B<br />
<br />
== History ==<br />
<!-- ''Describe the history of the creation and combat usage of the vehicle in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the vehicle and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Vehicle-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>. This section may also include the vehicle's dev blog entry (if applicable) and the in-game encyclopedia description (under <code><nowiki>=== In-game description ===</nowiki></code>, also if applicable).'' --><br />
<br />
The [[ZTZ96]] main battle tank entered service with the People's Liberation Army starting in the late 1990s. The Gulf War had shown that older tanks like the [[T-55A|T-55]] or [[Type 69]] were no match whatsoever for modern MBTs like the [[M1 Abrams]], and the ZTZ96 was derived from the export Type 85-IIAP as a stopgap. It was a significant improvement over the old stocks of [[Type 59]] variants that formed the bulk of the PLA's tank forces, featuring modular composite armor and a powerful 125 mm smoothbore gun. However, the basic ZTZ96 was still below par in terms of engine power, electronics, and overall protection compared to many Western main battle tanks. The next-generation [[ZTZ99]], which had been under separate development for years, was a significantly more competitive design with heavier armor, superior mobility, and a sophisticated suite of electronics. However, the ZTZ99 was heavier and more expensive than the ZTZ96, limiting how quickly it could be adopted and where in China it could be deployed. The ZTZ96 could still occupy a niche as a lighter and cheaper MBT for the rapid modernization of the PLA, but it needed upgrades to bring it closer to parity with its rivals.<br />
<br />
The ZTZ96A variant was developed through the early 2000s and first unveiled in 2006. The upgrades consisted of applique armor on the turret front in an "arrowhead" shape, a new gunner's sight with thermal imaging, an improved fire control system, and a slightly more powerful 800 horsepower engine. At least one prototype vehicle was tested with an unusual "needle-nose" applique armor format and infrared dazzlers akin to the Soviet Shtora system. The former did not enter production but a handful of ZTZ96As in PLA service have been seen with the dazzlers.<br />
<br />
The ZTZ96A was used by the Chinese team from 2014-2016 at the Tank Biathlon competition hosted by Russia. The Chinese team placed third in 2014 and second in 2015 and 2016 in the final results. From 2017 onward, it was replaced for competition use by the upgraded ZTZ96B variant with a more powerful engine developing between 1,000 and 1,130 horsepower and general improvements to the systems and chassis.<br />
<br />
The ZTZ96A has been offered for export by Norinco under the name of "VT-2", first demonstrated in 2012.<br />
<br />
At present, more than 1,100 examples of the ZTZ96A are currently in service with the PLA. It is more numerous than the elite [[ZTZ99]] and will continue to serve for the forseeable future.<br />
<br />
=== [[wt:en/news/6630-development-ztz96a-can-take-a-punch-en|Devblog]] ===<br />
<br />
Development of the ZTZ96A began in the early 2000s, once it became clear that the introduction of the ZTZ99 MBT would be delayed due to issues surrounding its development. As a result, Chinese engineers developed an improved version of the existing ZTZ96, in order to counter the threat of the most advanced fighting vehicles of other nations, such as the USA, Russia, Japan, Korea or India.<br />
<br />
Two different prototypes were built as part of the development work, of which one was chosen for further development and eventually entered production as the ZTZ96A. With the ZTZ96A, Chinese engineers addressed two of the biggest shortcomings of the original ZTZ96 - mobility and protection - by installing additional ERA packages to the turret and hull front as well as fitting a more powerful engine.<br />
<br />
The ZTZ96A was first revealed in 2006 and served as the basis for the development of more advanced versions of the vehicle. The ZTZ96A is still in service and makes for the most widely used main battle tank in service with the PLA today.<br />
<br />
<br />
== Media ==<br />
<!-- ''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.'' --><br />
<br />
;Skins<br />
<br />
* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicleCountry=china&vehicleType=tank&vehicleClass=medium_tank&vehicle=cn_ztz_96a Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]<br />
<br />
;Images<br />
<gallery mode="packed" heights="150"><br />
File:ZTZ-96A WTWallpaper 01.jpg|<br />
File:ZTZ-96A WTWallpaper 02.jpg|<br />
File:ZTZ-96A WTWallpaper 03.jpg|<br />
File:ZTZ-96A WTWallpaper 04.jpg|<br />
File:ZTZ-96A WTWallpaper 05.jpg|<br />
File:ZTZ-96A WTWallpaper 06.jpg|<br />
</gallery><br />
<br />
;Videos<br />
{{Youtube-gallery|86-UrgRQQ5k|'''ZTZ96A Slightly Improved''' - ''JustinPlaysYT''}}<br />
<br />
== See also ==<br />
<!-- ''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''<br />
* ''reference to the series of the vehicles;''<br />
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.'' --><br />
<br />
;Vehicles equipped with the same chassis<br />
<br />
* [[ZTZ96]]<br />
<br />
== External links ==<br />
<!-- ''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''<br />
* ''topic on the official game forum;''<br />
* ''other literature.'' --><br />
<br />
* [[wt:en/news/6630-development-ztz96a-can-take-a-punch-en|[Devblog] ZTZ96A: Can take a punch!]]<br />
<br />
{{China medium tanks}}</div>U29417738https://wiki.warthunder.com/index.php?title=ZTZ96A&diff=103409ZTZ96A2021-05-21T08:44:06Z<p>U29417738: /* Pros and cons */</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Specs-Card<br />
|code=cn_ztz_96a<br />
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
== Description ==<br />
<!-- ''In the description, the first part should be about the history of the creation and combat usage of the vehicle, as well as its key features. In the second part, tell the reader about the ground vehicle in the game. Insert a screenshot of the vehicle, so that if the novice player does not remember the vehicle by name, he will immediately understand what kind of vehicle the article is talking about.'' --><br />
The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} Chinese medium tank {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.97 "Viking Fury"]].<br />
<br />
The ZTZ96A is an upgraded variant of the [[ZTZ96]] that improves on several of its predecessor's deficiencies. FY-4 ERA blocks have been installed on the turret and hull, changing the appearance of the tank and offering drastically improved protection against both kinetic and chemical munitions. The engine has been slightly improved and the gunner now has access to thermal sights. While it still isn't the most mobile or well-protected tank around, the ZTZ96A has enough tricks up its sleeve to be a flexible and capable fighter on the battlefield.<br />
<br />
== General info ==<br />
=== Survivability and armour ===<br />
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}<br />
<!-- ''Describe armour protection. Note the most well protected and key weak areas. Appreciate the layout of modules as well as the number and location of crew members. Is the level of armour protection sufficient, is the placement of modules helpful for survival in combat? If necessary use a visual template to indicate the most secure and weak zones of the armour.'' --><br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
!Armour<br />
!Front (Slope angle)<br />
!Sides<br />
!Rear<br />
!Roof<br />
|-<br />
|Hull<br />
|___ mm<br />
|___ mm ''Top''<br />
___ mm ''Bottom''<br />
|45 mm (10°)<br />
|20-30 mm<br />
|-<br />
|Turret<br />
|___ - ___ mm ''Turret front''<br />
___ mm ''Gun mantlet''<br />
|___ - ___ mm<br />
|5 mm<br />
|20-30 mm<br />
|-<br />
|Cupola<br />
|30 mm<br />
|30 mm<br />
|30 mm<br />
|30 mm<br />
|}<br />
<br />
The most noticeable change on the ZTZ96A is the new armor profile. The design of the ZTZ96A's turret is a further drastic departure from the traditional Chinese and Soviet dome turret design. The turret front is equipped with a wedge or arrowhead shaped block of applique armor, which is modeled as being made of FY-4 ERA tiles. It looks somewhat like the [[Leopard 2A5]]; however, the armour stops short at the coaxial gun port, providing a weak spot for the enemy to exploit. Shooting this area does not usually result in an instant knock-out as it will only disable the gun breech and take out the commander or gunner (depending on which side is shot). The protected areas of the turret cheeks are quite strong for the ZTZ96A's rank; total kinetic protection is around 500 mm of RHA equivalent, which is sufficient to resist any APFSDS fired by Rank VI tanks. Chemical protection is around 900 mm, enough to stop many ATGMs. ERA has also been added to the exterior of the storage racks on the turret sides, but there is not enough total protection to stop anything more than light autocannon fire or small HEAT rounds.<br />
<br />
As for the hull, the added FY-4 ERA on the upper glacis increases the survivability of the tank. Total kinetic protection is around 480 mm and chemical protection is upwards of 900 mm. Even a direct shot from most APFSDS can be resisted.<br />
<br />
It is worth remembering that ERA tiles are destroyed upon absorbing fire and can also be stripped off by autocannons. Without the FY-4 ERA, the base armor of the ZTZ96A is exactly the same as the ZTZ96 and can be easily penetrated by 105 mm DM33 rounds for example. The general weak spots of the ZTZ96 still exist; as mentioned before, the gun breech area does not enjoy the benefits of the new turret armor, and the lower glacis is still completely unprotected. Shots to the lower glacis will often detonate the ammunition in the autoloader and total the tank.<br />
<br />
<br />
=== Mobility ===<br />
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}<br />
<!-- ''Write about the mobility of the ground vehicle. Estimate the specific power and manoeuvrability, as well as the maximum speed forwards and backwards.'' --><br />
<br />
{{tankMobility|abMinHp=1,240|rbMinHp=708}}<br />
<br />
The ZTZ96A's engine outputs an additional 70 horsepower compared to the ZTZ96's, which is a small but welcome improvement. It still will not win any speed races against most Western MBTs like the [[Leopard 2K]] or [[MBT-70]], and even the [[Challenger Mk.2]] can match the ZTZ96A's mobility. Oddly enough the reverse speed of -5 km/h is actually worse than the original ZTZ96, so be careful not to overextend.<br />
<br />
=== Modifications and economy ===<br />
{{Specs-Economy}}<br />
<br />
== Armaments ==<br />
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}<br />
=== Main armament ===<br />
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}<br />
<!-- ''Give the reader information about the characteristics of the main gun. Assess its effectiveness in a battle based on the reloading speed, ballistics and the power of shells. Do not forget about the flexibility of the fire, that is how quickly the cannon can be aimed at the target, open fire on it and aim at another enemy. Add a link to the main article on the gun: <code><nowiki>{{main|Name of the weapon}}</nowiki></code>. Describe in general terms the ammunition available for the main gun. Give advice on how to use them and how to fill the ammunition storage.'' --><br />
{{main|Type 88C (125 mm)}}<br />
<br />
The ZTZ96A makes up for its drawbacks in mobility with a superb gun. The 125 mm Type 88C smoothbore gun is capable of firing APFSDS, HE and HEAT-FS ammunition. For its battle rating, the 125-I shell performs very well, offering 466 mm of flat penetration at point-blank and dropping only to 434 mm at 2 kilometres. Its angled performance is exceptionally good at 269 mm at 60 degrees, outperforming even the best Soviet APFSDS round, 3BM42 whose angled penetration is only 248 mm. For reference, the 125-I performs comparably to Western long-rod sabot rounds such as DM33. The HEAT-FS round is nothing special with a standard 480 mm of penetration that is only really effective at destroying lightly armoured vehicles such as SPAA. The HE round is of the Soviet-style, packing a whopping 5.4 kg of TNT equivalent that can deal devastating damage against Western tanks' weak spots of the hull and turret roof and turret ring. It's recommended to entirely ditch the HEAT-FS for HE as it arguably performs better in the anti-tank role, ironically.<br />
<br />
Although the ZTZ96A uses a similar autoloader system to the T-72, its reload time of 7.5 seconds is slightly longer than the T-72's 7.1 seconds.<br />
<br />
It should be noted that the ZTZ96A's gun depression and gun elevation have declined by 1 and 2 degrees, respectively, compared to the ZTZ96. The latter doesn't make much of a difference, but the former is concerning on hilly maps.<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="5" | [[Type 88C (125 mm)|125 mm Type 88C]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)<br />
|-<br />
! Mode !! Capacity !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer<br />
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced<br />
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced<br />
|-<br />
! ''Arcade''<br />
| rowspan="2" | 40 || rowspan="2" | -5°/+12° || rowspan="2" | ±180° || rowspan="2" | Two-plane || 28.6 || 39.5 || 48.0 || 53.1 || 56.5 || rowspan="2" | 7.50 || rowspan="2" | 7.50 || rowspan="2" | 7.50 || rowspan="2" | 7.50<br />
|-<br />
! ''Realistic''<br />
| 17.9 || 21.0 || 25.5 || 28.2 || 30.0<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==== Ammunition ====<br />
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"<br />
! colspan="8" | Penetration statistics<br />
|-<br />
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition<br />
! rowspan="2" | Type of<br>warhead<br />
! colspan="6" | '''Penetration @ 0° Angle of Attack (mm)'''<br />
|-<br />
! 10 m !! 100 m !! 500 m !! 1,000 m !! 1,500 m !! 2,000 m<br />
|-<br />
| DTP-125 || HEATFS || 480 || 480 || 480 || 480 || 480 || 480<br />
|-<br />
| DTB-125 || HE || 45 || 45 || 45 || 45 || 45 || 45<br />
|-<br />
| 125-I || APFSDS || 466 || 464 || 458 || 450 || 442 || 434<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"<br />
! colspan="10" | Shell details<br />
|-<br />
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition<br />
! rowspan="2" | Type of<br>warhead<br />
! rowspan="2" | Velocity<br>(m/s)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Projectile<br>Mass (kg)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Fuse delay<br>(m)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Fuse sensitivity<br>(mm)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Explosive Mass<br>(TNT equivalent) (g)<br />
! colspan="3" | Ricochet<br />
|-<br />
! 0% !! 50% !! 100%<br />
|-<br />
| DTP-125 || HEATFS || 905 || 18 || 0.05 || 0.1 || 2,190 || 65° || 72° || 77°<br />
|-<br />
| DTB-125 || HE || 850 || 23 || 0 || 0.1 || 5,460 || 79° || 80° || 81°<br />
|-<br />
| 125-I || APFSDS || 1,730 || 4.02 || N/A || N/A || N/A || 78° || 80° || 81°<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==== [[Ammo racks]] ====<br />
[[File:Ammoracks_{{PAGENAME}}.png|right|thumb|x250px|[[Ammo racks]] of the {{PAGENAME}}]]<br />
<!-- '''Last updated: 2.5.1.99''' --><br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"<br />
|-<br />
! Full<br>ammo<br />
! Ammo<br />part<br />
! 1st<br>rack empty<br />
! 2nd<br>rack empty<br />
! 3rd<br>rack empty<br />
! 4th<br>rack empty<br />
! 5th<br>rack empty<br />
! 6th<br>rack empty<br />
! 7th<br>rack empty<br />
! 8th<br>rack empty<br />
! 9th<br>rack empty<br />
! Visual<br>discrepancy<br />
|-<br />
| '''40''' || ''Projectiles''<br />''Propellants'' || 40&nbsp;''(+0)'' <br> 39&nbsp;''(+1)'' || 38&nbsp;''(+2)'' <br> 38&nbsp;''(+2)'' || 37&nbsp;''(+3)'' <br> 37&nbsp;''(+3)'' || 35&nbsp;''(+5)'' <br> 31&nbsp;''(+9)'' || 32&nbsp;''(+8)'' <br> 27&nbsp;''(+13)'' || 29&nbsp;''(+11)'' <br> 23&nbsp;''(+17)'' || 24&nbsp;''(+16)'' <br> 39&nbsp;''(+1)'' || 23&nbsp;''(+17)'' <br> N/A || 39&nbsp;''(+1)'' <br> N/A || No<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
Notes:<br />
<br />
* The 9th projectile rack and the 7th propellant rack are a mechanized first stage ammo rack. As such the tank has a fixed reload as it uses an autoloader to reload the main gun, and the main gun cannot be reloaded when these ammo racks are empty. <br />
* It takes around 25s per shell to reload the first stage ammo rack. Additionally, there is a 10s interval between when the gun is fully loaded and the crew starts to reload the first stage ammo rack.<br />
* It is advised to take at most 37 rounds in order to empty the turret's ammo racks.<br />
<br />
=== Machine guns ===<br />
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|2}}<br />
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|3}}<br />
<!-- ''Offensive and anti-aircraft machine guns not only allow you to fight some aircraft but also are effective against lightly armoured vehicles. Evaluate machine guns and give recommendations on its use.'' --><br />
{{main|QJC88A (12.7 mm)|Type 86 (7.62 mm)}}<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="5" | [[QJC88A (12.7 mm)|12.7 mm QJC88A]]<br />
|-<br />
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal<br />
|-<br />
| Commander's cupola || 500 (150) || 700 || -5°/+60° || ±180°<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="5" | [[Type 86 (7.62 mm)|7.62 mm Type 86]]<br />
|-<br />
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal<br />
|-<br />
| Coaxial || 2,500 (250) || 700 || N/A || N/A<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
== Usage in battles ==<br />
<!-- ''Describe the tactics of playing in the vehicle, the features of using vehicles in the team and advice on tactics. Refrain from creating a "guide" - do not impose a single point of view but instead give the reader food for thought. Describe the most dangerous enemies and give recommendations on fighting them. If necessary, note the specifics of the game in different modes (AB, RB, SB).'' --><br />
The ZTZ96A has a different playstyle than most MBTs do. Instead of being a king of mobility, this tank trades speed for improved armour protection. The tank's mobility is improved from that of the [[ZTZ96]], but it is still below average for this battle rating. It can keep up with some IFVs, but against MBTs, this tank can't match their speed and acceleration. It also has a poor reverse speed, which can make getting out of sticky situations difficult. This lack of mobility means that the ZTZ96A can't rush objectives or favourable locations at the beginning of battle like faster vehicles can. Additionally, it takes longer to relocate around the map to deal with enemies or to attack and defend capture zones. Flanking manoeuvres are also difficult. However, the ZTZ96A's below-average speed doesn't hinder its abilities to brawl in close quarters situations or to snipe from afar.<br />
<br />
Both of these playstyles benefit from the tank's strong armour protection, which features ERA on the front of the hull and turret. The turret cheeks and upper glacis are especially well-defended--even a direct APFSDS shell can't always penetrate. In general, the tank is hard to damage from the front. This does not mean that it has no weakpoints, though: the gun breech is exposed and unprotected, and a shot there can do great damage inside the turret compartment. In addition, the vehicle sports an ammunition carousel in the bottom of the hull; a side shot here will very often detonate the ammo storage, causing immediate destruction of the tank. And finally, the ZTZ96A only has three crew members, so long-term endurance is lacking. Even one crew member being knocked out makes taking any more damage much riskier. As a whole, the ZTZ96A's protection is potentially strong but inconsistent, so it's best to stick to cover and not trust the armor as a first line of defense. Even gentle ridgelines can help mask the vulnerable lower glacis.<br />
<br />
The ZTZ96A also makes up for its mobility drawbacks with its powerful cannon. Its APFSDS shell has high penetration against both flat and angled armour, and can perform even at long ranges. The gun also makes use of a very powerful HE shell which can deal devastating damage if fired at the roofs of enemy tanks. This gun is reloaded by an autoloading system, which can get a new shell in the breech every 7.5 seconds. The reload speed is worse than that of many MBTs, and skilled players will be able to take advantage of this to destroy the ZTZ96A. It is important to try to destroy the enemy in one shot, or else there may not be enough time to try again. And, the slow reload means that dealing with multiple enemies in quick succession is more difficult than normal. Be careful about the gun's poor turret elevation speed. It can take longer than expected to get sights on a target. The ZTZ96A is equipped with thermal sights which help visibility in night battles or for spotting targets during daytime. Make good use of the thermal sights as they are one of the ZTZ96A's selling points; most contemporary Soviet tanks lack them.<br />
<br />
This vehicle is armed with a roof machine gun for use against aircraft and lightly-armoured ground targets.<br />
<br />
This tank is a good sniper thanks to its strong frontal armour and powerful gun. When sniping, poor mobility is not an issue and the long reload rate doesn't overly hurt the ZTZ96A's performance. It is also more difficult for enemies to target the ZTZ96A's weak spots. If firing from behind ridgelines, remember that the gun depression is below average, at only -5 degrees.<br />
<br />
The ZTZ96A is also effective in close-quarters brawls, where its armour provides a great advantage against the enemy. An opponent like the [[Leopard 2K]] or [[M1 Abrams]] will have to aim for the ZTZ96A's weak spots while the 125-I APFSDS can penetrate these tanks anywhere. Although the gun handling isn't outstanding, it's enough to get the job done with some situational awareness.<br />
<br />
===Assault mode===<br />
For players grinding the APFSDS in assault mode, it is recommended to bring full ammo, with around half HEAT and half HE. As the countdown goes at the start of the match, quickly find a spot where you will not get shot from every direction and stay there until you run out of ammo or get destroyed. The HEAT is great at one-shotting weakly armoured (relatively) cold war tanks, while the HE is capable of destroying those heavily protected top tier MBT. Given that you do not have APFSDS therefore lacking the ability to knock out some AI frontally, you will have to rely on assists to get scores. Firing HEAT / HE at tracks, roof mounted MG, turret ring, cannon barrel, etc can at least immobile / disarm the AI, granting you an assist. The 7.5 second reload will be quite slow when facing a huge wave of AI so you must aim each shot carefully, but other times it is generally fast enough. The ZTZ96's armour can take quite some beating but is also prone to ammo rack explosion, or penetrating shots from the lower front plate and gun mantlet.<br />
<br />
'''Enemies worth noting:'''<br />
<br />
* Leopard 2A5: this is the most protected Leopard you will see in assault, usually in Mozdok and Fulda. When facing it frontally or with slight angles, load HE and aim for its turret ring where the crosshair is green. It is very likely to destroy it instantly. When facing its side, load HEAT and aim for its central hull. Don't expect to block any of its shells as its APFSDS can easily go through the ZTZ96's frontal armour, or the AI can just target your weakspots.<br />
* M1A2: you will see it mostly in Fulda and Ardennes. When facing it frontally or with slight angles, load HEAT and aim for its turret ring where the crosshair is green. It is very likely to destroy it instantly. HE might not work here since it cannot effectively hurt the turret crew. But HE works great when aiming at the M1's turret roof. Items like the MG and the optics will all detonate the HE, causing the downward shrapnel to knock out all the crew. When facing its side, load HEAT and aim for its central hull.<br />
* Challenger 2F: you will see it mostly in Sands of Sinai. It is one of the toughest AI to destroy, especially when there are waves of them. When facing it frontally or with slight angles, load HE and aim for the hull side above the tracks where the crosshair is green. It is very likely to detonate random ammo inside. When facing its side, still load HE and aim for its central hull for an ammo detonation. The Challenger 2F's sides are covered with ERA blocks thus HEAT will get absorbed.<br />
<br />
=== Pros and cons ===<br />
<!-- ''Summarise and briefly evaluate the vehicle in terms of its characteristics and combat effectiveness. Mark its pros and cons in a bulleted list. Try not to use more than 6 points for each of the characteristics. Avoid using categorical definitions such as "bad", "good" and the like - use substitutions with softer forms such as "inadequate" and "effective".'' --><br />
<br />
'''Pros:'''<br />
<br />
* Powerful gun with access to high-penetrating APFSDS (same as ZTZ96)<br />
* Autoloader reloads the cannon even when putting out fires or replacing crew members<br />
* HE shell is extremely powerful (more than 5 kg TNT) for a MBT, it can cripple or outright destroy enemies with overpressure<br />
* Low profile<br />
* Strong turret cheeks armour<br />
* Strong upper glacis armour<br />
* Combinations of strong armour and very fast and high penetrating APFSDS makes it a good sniper<br />
* Roof-mounted heavy machine gun is useful against aircraft and light targets<br />
* Relatively fast turret rotation speed, compared to contemporary Soviet tanks<br />
* Thermal sights<br />
* Improved mobility over predecessor ZTZ96<br />
<br />
'''Cons:'''<br />
<br />
* Only 3 crew members<br />
* Large weak spots<br />
** Large and weak mantlet<br />
** Lower plate is very weak, with penetrating shells killing crew or exploding ammo<br />
* ERA and thickened armour is a great improvement over the previous model, but some shells are still able to penetrate<br />
* Mobility is below average at its rank<br />
** Relatively slow reload compared to other MBTs<br />
** Poor reverse speed<br />
** Lower hp/t ratio than the preceding ZTZ96 due to addition of FY-4 ERA<br />
* Poor gun handling characteristics<br />
** Below average gun depression (-5°)<br />
** Poor zoom in the gunner's sight<br />
** Slow gun elevation and depression<br />
* Autoloader carousel is a giant ammo rack<br />
* No ATGM capability, unlike the T-64B and T-72B<br />
<br />
== History ==<br />
<!-- ''Describe the history of the creation and combat usage of the vehicle in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the vehicle and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Vehicle-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>. This section may also include the vehicle's dev blog entry (if applicable) and the in-game encyclopedia description (under <code><nowiki>=== In-game description ===</nowiki></code>, also if applicable).'' --><br />
<br />
The [[ZTZ96]] main battle tank entered service with the People's Liberation Army starting in the late 1990s. The Gulf War had shown that older tanks like the [[T-55A|T-55]] or [[Type 69]] were no match whatsoever for modern MBTs like the [[M1 Abrams]], and the ZTZ96 was derived from the export Type 85-IIAP as a stopgap. It was a significant improvement over the old stocks of [[Type 59]] variants that formed the bulk of the PLA's tank forces, featuring modular composite armor and a powerful 125 mm smoothbore gun. However, the basic ZTZ96 was still below par in terms of engine power, electronics, and overall protection compared to many Western main battle tanks. The next-generation [[ZTZ99]], which had been under separate development for years, was a significantly more competitive design with heavier armor, superior mobility, and a sophisticated suite of electronics. However, the ZTZ99 was heavier and more expensive than the ZTZ96, limiting how quickly it could be adopted and where in China it could be deployed. The ZTZ96 could still occupy a niche as a lighter and cheaper MBT for the rapid modernization of the PLA, but it needed upgrades to bring it closer to parity with its rivals.<br />
<br />
The ZTZ96A variant was developed through the early 2000s and first unveiled in 2006. The upgrades consisted of applique armor on the turret front in an "arrowhead" shape, a new gunner's sight with thermal imaging, an improved fire control system, and a slightly more powerful 800 horsepower engine. At least one prototype vehicle was tested with an unusual "needle-nose" applique armor format and infrared dazzlers akin to the Soviet Shtora system. The former did not enter production but a handful of ZTZ96As in PLA service have been seen with the dazzlers.<br />
<br />
The ZTZ96A was used by the Chinese team from 2014-2016 at the Tank Biathlon competition hosted by Russia. The Chinese team placed third in 2014 and second in 2015 and 2016 in the final results. From 2017 onward, it was replaced for competition use by the upgraded ZTZ96B variant with a more powerful engine developing between 1,000 and 1,130 horsepower and general improvements to the systems and chassis.<br />
<br />
The ZTZ96A has been offered for export by Norinco under the name of "VT-2", first demonstrated in 2012.<br />
<br />
At present, more than 1,100 examples of the ZTZ96A are currently in service with the PLA. It is more numerous than the elite [[ZTZ99]] and will continue to serve for the forseeable future.<br />
<br />
=== [[wt:en/news/6630-development-ztz96a-can-take-a-punch-en|Devblog]] ===<br />
<br />
Development of the ZTZ96A began in the early 2000s, once it became clear that the introduction of the ZTZ99 MBT would be delayed due to issues surrounding its development. As a result, Chinese engineers developed an improved version of the existing ZTZ96, in order to counter the threat of the most advanced fighting vehicles of other nations, such as the USA, Russia, Japan, Korea or India.<br />
<br />
Two different prototypes were built as part of the development work, of which one was chosen for further development and eventually entered production as the ZTZ96A. With the ZTZ96A, Chinese engineers addressed two of the biggest shortcomings of the original ZTZ96 - mobility and protection - by installing additional ERA packages to the turret and hull front as well as fitting a more powerful engine.<br />
<br />
The ZTZ96A was first revealed in 2006 and served as the basis for the development of more advanced versions of the vehicle. The ZTZ96A is still in service and makes for the most widely used main battle tank in service with the PLA today.<br />
<br />
<br />
== Media ==<br />
<!-- ''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.'' --><br />
<br />
;Skins<br />
<br />
* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicleCountry=china&vehicleType=tank&vehicleClass=medium_tank&vehicle=cn_ztz_96a Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]<br />
<br />
;Images<br />
<gallery mode="packed" heights="150"><br />
File:ZTZ-96A WTWallpaper 01.jpg|<br />
File:ZTZ-96A WTWallpaper 02.jpg|<br />
File:ZTZ-96A WTWallpaper 03.jpg|<br />
File:ZTZ-96A WTWallpaper 04.jpg|<br />
File:ZTZ-96A WTWallpaper 05.jpg|<br />
File:ZTZ-96A WTWallpaper 06.jpg|<br />
</gallery><br />
<br />
;Videos<br />
{{Youtube-gallery|86-UrgRQQ5k|'''ZTZ96A Slightly Improved''' - ''JustinPlaysYT''}}<br />
<br />
== See also ==<br />
<!-- ''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''<br />
* ''reference to the series of the vehicles;''<br />
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.'' --><br />
<br />
;Vehicles equipped with the same chassis<br />
<br />
* [[ZTZ96]]<br />
<br />
== External links ==<br />
<!-- ''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''<br />
* ''topic on the official game forum;''<br />
* ''other literature.'' --><br />
<br />
* [[wt:en/news/6630-development-ztz96a-can-take-a-punch-en|[Devblog] ZTZ96A: Can take a punch!]]<br />
<br />
{{China medium tanks}}</div>U29417738https://wiki.warthunder.com/index.php?title=ZTZ96A&diff=103405ZTZ96A2021-05-21T06:54:12Z<p>U29417738: /* Pros and cons */</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Specs-Card<br />
|code=cn_ztz_96a<br />
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
== Description ==<br />
<!-- ''In the description, the first part should be about the history of the creation and combat usage of the vehicle, as well as its key features. In the second part, tell the reader about the ground vehicle in the game. Insert a screenshot of the vehicle, so that if the novice player does not remember the vehicle by name, he will immediately understand what kind of vehicle the article is talking about.'' --><br />
The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} Chinese medium tank {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.97 "Viking Fury"]].<br />
<br />
The ZTZ96A is an upgraded variant of the [[ZTZ96]] that improves on several of its predecessor's deficiencies. FY-4 ERA blocks have been installed on the turret and hull, changing the appearance of the tank and offering drastically improved protection against both kinetic and chemical munitions. The engine has been slightly improved and the gunner now has access to thermal sights. While it still isn't the most mobile or well-protected tank around, the ZTZ96A has enough tricks up its sleeve to be a flexible and capable fighter on the battlefield.<br />
<br />
== General info ==<br />
=== Survivability and armour ===<br />
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}<br />
<!-- ''Describe armour protection. Note the most well protected and key weak areas. Appreciate the layout of modules as well as the number and location of crew members. Is the level of armour protection sufficient, is the placement of modules helpful for survival in combat? If necessary use a visual template to indicate the most secure and weak zones of the armour.'' --><br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
!Armour<br />
!Front (Slope angle)<br />
!Sides<br />
!Rear<br />
!Roof<br />
|-<br />
|Hull<br />
|___ mm<br />
|___ mm ''Top''<br />
___ mm ''Bottom''<br />
|45 mm (10°)<br />
|20-30 mm<br />
|-<br />
|Turret<br />
|___ - ___ mm ''Turret front''<br />
___ mm ''Gun mantlet''<br />
|___ - ___ mm<br />
|5 mm<br />
|20-30 mm<br />
|-<br />
|Cupola<br />
|30 mm<br />
|30 mm<br />
|30 mm<br />
|30 mm<br />
|}<br />
<br />
The most noticeable change on the ZTZ96A is the new armor profile. The design of the ZTZ96A's turret is a further drastic departure from the traditional Chinese and Soviet dome turret design. The turret front is equipped with a wedge or arrowhead shaped block of applique armor, which is modeled as being made of FY-4 ERA tiles. It looks somewhat like the [[Leopard 2A5]]; however, the armour stops short at the coaxial gun port, providing a weak spot for the enemy to exploit. Shooting this area does not usually result in an instant knock-out as it will only disable the gun breech and take out the commander or gunner (depending on which side is shot). The protected areas of the turret cheeks are quite strong for the ZTZ96A's rank; total kinetic protection is around 500 mm of RHA equivalent, which is sufficient to resist any APFSDS fired by Rank VI tanks. Chemical protection is around 900 mm, enough to stop many ATGMs. ERA has also been added to the exterior of the storage racks on the turret sides, but there is not enough total protection to stop anything more than light autocannon fire or small HEAT rounds.<br />
<br />
As for the hull, the added FY-4 ERA on the upper glacis increases the survivability of the tank. Total kinetic protection is around 480 mm and chemical protection is upwards of 900 mm. Even a direct shot from most APFSDS can be resisted.<br />
<br />
It is worth remembering that ERA tiles are destroyed upon absorbing fire and can also be stripped off by autocannons. Without the FY-4 ERA, the base armor of the ZTZ96A is exactly the same as the ZTZ96 and can be easily penetrated by 105 mm DM33 rounds for example. The general weak spots of the ZTZ96 still exist; as mentioned before, the gun breech area does not enjoy the benefits of the new turret armor, and the lower glacis is still completely unprotected. Shots to the lower glacis will often detonate the ammunition in the autoloader and total the tank.<br />
<br />
<br />
=== Mobility ===<br />
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}<br />
<!-- ''Write about the mobility of the ground vehicle. Estimate the specific power and manoeuvrability, as well as the maximum speed forwards and backwards.'' --><br />
<br />
{{tankMobility|abMinHp=1,240|rbMinHp=708}}<br />
<br />
The ZTZ96A's engine outputs an additional 70 horsepower compared to the ZTZ96's, which is a small but welcome improvement. It still will not win any speed races against most Western MBTs like the [[Leopard 2K]] or [[MBT-70]], and even the [[Challenger Mk.2]] can match the ZTZ96A's mobility. Oddly enough the reverse speed of -5 km/h is actually worse than the original ZTZ96, so be careful not to overextend.<br />
<br />
=== Modifications and economy ===<br />
{{Specs-Economy}}<br />
<br />
== Armaments ==<br />
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}<br />
=== Main armament ===<br />
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}<br />
<!-- ''Give the reader information about the characteristics of the main gun. Assess its effectiveness in a battle based on the reloading speed, ballistics and the power of shells. Do not forget about the flexibility of the fire, that is how quickly the cannon can be aimed at the target, open fire on it and aim at another enemy. Add a link to the main article on the gun: <code><nowiki>{{main|Name of the weapon}}</nowiki></code>. Describe in general terms the ammunition available for the main gun. Give advice on how to use them and how to fill the ammunition storage.'' --><br />
{{main|Type 88C (125 mm)}}<br />
<br />
The ZTZ96A makes up for its drawbacks in mobility with a superb gun. The 125 mm Type 88C smoothbore gun is capable of firing APFSDS, HE and HEAT-FS ammunition. For its battle rating, the 125-I shell performs very well, offering 466 mm of flat penetration at point-blank and dropping only to 434 mm at 2 kilometres. Its angled performance is exceptionally good at 269 mm at 60 degrees, outperforming even the best Soviet APFSDS round, 3BM42 whose angled penetration is only 248 mm. For reference, the 125-I performs comparably to Western long-rod sabot rounds such as DM33. The HEAT-FS round is nothing special with a standard 480 mm of penetration that is only really effective at destroying lightly armoured vehicles such as SPAA. The HE round is of the Soviet-style, packing a whopping 5.4 kg of TNT equivalent that can deal devastating damage against Western tanks' weak spots of the hull and turret roof and turret ring. It's recommended to entirely ditch the HEAT-FS for HE as it arguably performs better in the anti-tank role, ironically.<br />
<br />
Although the ZTZ96A uses a similar autoloader system to the T-72, its reload time of 7.5 seconds is slightly longer than the T-72's 7.1 seconds.<br />
<br />
It should be noted that the ZTZ96A's gun depression and gun elevation have declined by 1 and 2 degrees, respectively, compared to the ZTZ96. The latter doesn't make much of a difference, but the former is concerning on hilly maps.<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="5" | [[Type 88C (125 mm)|125 mm Type 88C]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)<br />
|-<br />
! Mode !! Capacity !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer<br />
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced<br />
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced<br />
|-<br />
! ''Arcade''<br />
| rowspan="2" | 40 || rowspan="2" | -5°/+12° || rowspan="2" | ±180° || rowspan="2" | Two-plane || 28.6 || 39.5 || 48.0 || 53.1 || 56.5 || rowspan="2" | 7.50 || rowspan="2" | 7.50 || rowspan="2" | 7.50 || rowspan="2" | 7.50<br />
|-<br />
! ''Realistic''<br />
| 17.9 || 21.0 || 25.5 || 28.2 || 30.0<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==== Ammunition ====<br />
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"<br />
! colspan="8" | Penetration statistics<br />
|-<br />
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition<br />
! rowspan="2" | Type of<br>warhead<br />
! colspan="6" | '''Penetration @ 0° Angle of Attack (mm)'''<br />
|-<br />
! 10 m !! 100 m !! 500 m !! 1,000 m !! 1,500 m !! 2,000 m<br />
|-<br />
| DTP-125 || HEATFS || 480 || 480 || 480 || 480 || 480 || 480<br />
|-<br />
| DTB-125 || HE || 45 || 45 || 45 || 45 || 45 || 45<br />
|-<br />
| 125-I || APFSDS || 466 || 464 || 458 || 450 || 442 || 434<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"<br />
! colspan="10" | Shell details<br />
|-<br />
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition<br />
! rowspan="2" | Type of<br>warhead<br />
! rowspan="2" | Velocity<br>(m/s)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Projectile<br>Mass (kg)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Fuse delay<br>(m)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Fuse sensitivity<br>(mm)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Explosive Mass<br>(TNT equivalent) (g)<br />
! colspan="3" | Ricochet<br />
|-<br />
! 0% !! 50% !! 100%<br />
|-<br />
| DTP-125 || HEATFS || 905 || 18 || 0.05 || 0.1 || 2,190 || 65° || 72° || 77°<br />
|-<br />
| DTB-125 || HE || 850 || 23 || 0 || 0.1 || 5,460 || 79° || 80° || 81°<br />
|-<br />
| 125-I || APFSDS || 1,730 || 4.02 || N/A || N/A || N/A || 78° || 80° || 81°<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==== [[Ammo racks]] ====<br />
[[File:Ammoracks_{{PAGENAME}}.png|right|thumb|x250px|[[Ammo racks]] of the {{PAGENAME}}]]<br />
<!-- '''Last updated: 2.5.1.99''' --><br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"<br />
|-<br />
! Full<br>ammo<br />
! Ammo<br />part<br />
! 1st<br>rack empty<br />
! 2nd<br>rack empty<br />
! 3rd<br>rack empty<br />
! 4th<br>rack empty<br />
! 5th<br>rack empty<br />
! 6th<br>rack empty<br />
! 7th<br>rack empty<br />
! 8th<br>rack empty<br />
! 9th<br>rack empty<br />
! Visual<br>discrepancy<br />
|-<br />
| '''40''' || ''Projectiles''<br />''Propellants'' || 40&nbsp;''(+0)'' <br> 39&nbsp;''(+1)'' || 38&nbsp;''(+2)'' <br> 38&nbsp;''(+2)'' || 37&nbsp;''(+3)'' <br> 37&nbsp;''(+3)'' || 35&nbsp;''(+5)'' <br> 31&nbsp;''(+9)'' || 32&nbsp;''(+8)'' <br> 27&nbsp;''(+13)'' || 29&nbsp;''(+11)'' <br> 23&nbsp;''(+17)'' || 24&nbsp;''(+16)'' <br> 39&nbsp;''(+1)'' || 23&nbsp;''(+17)'' <br> N/A || 39&nbsp;''(+1)'' <br> N/A || No<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
Notes:<br />
<br />
* The 9th projectile rack and the 7th propellant rack are a mechanized first stage ammo rack. As such the tank has a fixed reload as it uses an autoloader to reload the main gun, and the main gun cannot be reloaded when these ammo racks are empty. <br />
* It takes around 25s per shell to reload the first stage ammo rack. Additionally, there is a 10s interval between when the gun is fully loaded and the crew starts to reload the first stage ammo rack.<br />
* It is advised to take at most 37 rounds in order to empty the turret's ammo racks.<br />
<br />
=== Machine guns ===<br />
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|2}}<br />
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|3}}<br />
<!-- ''Offensive and anti-aircraft machine guns not only allow you to fight some aircraft but also are effective against lightly armoured vehicles. Evaluate machine guns and give recommendations on its use.'' --><br />
{{main|QJC88A (12.7 mm)|Type 86 (7.62 mm)}}<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="5" | [[QJC88A (12.7 mm)|12.7 mm QJC88A]]<br />
|-<br />
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal<br />
|-<br />
| Commander's cupola || 500 (150) || 700 || -5°/+60° || ±180°<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="5" | [[Type 86 (7.62 mm)|7.62 mm Type 86]]<br />
|-<br />
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal<br />
|-<br />
| Coaxial || 2,500 (250) || 700 || N/A || N/A<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
== Usage in battles ==<br />
<!-- ''Describe the tactics of playing in the vehicle, the features of using vehicles in the team and advice on tactics. Refrain from creating a "guide" - do not impose a single point of view but instead give the reader food for thought. Describe the most dangerous enemies and give recommendations on fighting them. If necessary, note the specifics of the game in different modes (AB, RB, SB).'' --><br />
The ZTZ96A has a different playstyle than most MBTs do. Instead of being a king of mobility, this tank trades speed for improved armour protection. The tank's mobility is improved from that of the [[ZTZ96]], but it is still below average for this battle rating. It can keep up with some IFVs, but against MBTs, this tank can't match their speed and acceleration. It also has a poor reverse speed, which can make getting out of sticky situations difficult. This lack of mobility means that the ZTZ96A can't rush objectives or favourable locations at the beginning of battle like faster vehicles can. Additionally, it takes longer to relocate around the map to deal with enemies or to attack and defend capture zones. Flanking manoeuvres are also difficult. However, the ZTZ96A's below-average speed doesn't hinder its abilities to brawl in close quarters situations or to snipe from afar.<br />
<br />
Both of these playstyles benefit from the tank's strong armour protection, which features ERA on the front of the hull and turret. The turret cheeks and upper glacis are especially well-defended--even a direct APFSDS shell can't always penetrate. In general, the tank is hard to damage from the front. This does not mean that it has no weakpoints, though: the gun breech is exposed and unprotected, and a shot there can do great damage inside the turret compartment. In addition, the vehicle sports an ammunition carousel in the bottom of the hull; a side shot here will very often detonate the ammo storage, causing immediate destruction of the tank. And finally, the ZTZ96A only has three crew members, so long-term endurance is lacking. Even one crew member being knocked out makes taking any more damage much riskier. As a whole, the ZTZ96A's protection is potentially strong but inconsistent, so it's best to stick to cover and not trust the armor as a first line of defense. Even gentle ridgelines can help mask the vulnerable lower glacis.<br />
<br />
The ZTZ96A also makes up for its mobility drawbacks with its powerful cannon. Its APFSDS shell has high penetration against both flat and angled armour, and can perform even at long ranges. The gun also makes use of a very powerful HE shell which can deal devastating damage if fired at the roofs of enemy tanks. This gun is reloaded by an autoloading system, which can get a new shell in the breech every 7.5 seconds. The reload speed is worse than that of many MBTs, and skilled players will be able to take advantage of this to destroy the ZTZ96A. It is important to try to destroy the enemy in one shot, or else there may not be enough time to try again. And, the slow reload means that dealing with multiple enemies in quick succession is more difficult than normal. Be careful about the gun's poor turret elevation speed. It can take longer than expected to get sights on a target. The ZTZ96A is equipped with thermal sights which help visibility in night battles or for spotting targets during daytime. Make good use of the thermal sights as they are one of the ZTZ96A's selling points; most contemporary Soviet tanks lack them.<br />
<br />
This vehicle is armed with a roof machine gun for use against aircraft and lightly-armoured ground targets.<br />
<br />
This tank is a good sniper thanks to its strong frontal armour and powerful gun. When sniping, poor mobility is not an issue and the long reload rate doesn't overly hurt the ZTZ96A's performance. It is also more difficult for enemies to target the ZTZ96A's weak spots. If firing from behind ridgelines, remember that the gun depression is below average, at only -5 degrees.<br />
<br />
The ZTZ96A is also effective in close-quarters brawls, where its armour provides a great advantage against the enemy. An opponent like the [[Leopard 2K]] or [[M1 Abrams]] will have to aim for the ZTZ96A's weak spots while the 125-I APFSDS can penetrate these tanks anywhere. Although the gun handling isn't outstanding, it's enough to get the job done with some situational awareness.<br />
<br />
===Assault mode===<br />
For players grinding the APFSDS in assault mode, it is recommended to bring full ammo, with around half HEAT and half HE. As the countdown goes at the start of the match, quickly find a spot where you will not get shot from every direction and stay there until you run out of ammo or get destroyed. The HEAT is great at one-shotting weakly armoured (relatively) cold war tanks, while the HE is capable of destroying those heavily protected top tier MBT. Given that you do not have APFSDS therefore lacking the ability to knock out some AI frontally, you will have to rely on assists to get scores. Firing HEAT / HE at tracks, roof mounted MG, turret ring, cannon barrel, etc can at least immobile / disarm the AI, granting you an assist. The 7.5 second reload will be quite slow when facing a huge wave of AI so you must aim each shot carefully, but other times it is generally fast enough. The ZTZ96's armour can take quite some beating but is also prone to ammo rack explosion, or penetrating shots from the lower front plate and gun mantlet.<br />
<br />
'''Enemies worth noting:'''<br />
<br />
* Leopard 2A5: this is the most protected Leopard you will see in assault, usually in Mozdok and Fulda. When facing it frontally or with slight angles, load HE and aim for its turret ring where the crosshair is green. It is very likely to destroy it instantly. When facing its side, load HEAT and aim for its central hull. Don't expect to block any of its shells as its APFSDS can easily go through the ZTZ96's frontal armour, or the AI can just target your weakspots.<br />
* M1A2: you will see it mostly in Fulda and Ardennes. When facing it frontally or with slight angles, load HEAT and aim for its turret ring where the crosshair is green. It is very likely to destroy it instantly. HE might not work here since it cannot effectively hurt the turret crew. But HE works great when aiming at the M1's turret roof. Items like the MG and the optics will all detonate the HE, causing the downward shrapnel to knock out all the crew. When facing its side, load HEAT and aim for its central hull.<br />
* Challenger 2F: you will see it mostly in Sands of Sinai. It is one of the toughest AI to destroy, especially when there are waves of them. When facing it frontally or with slight angles, load HE and aim for the hull side above the tracks where the crosshair is green. It is very likely to detonate random ammo inside. When facing its side, still load HE and aim for its central hull for an ammo detonation. The Challenger 2F's sides are covered with ERA blocks thus HEAT will get absorbed.<br />
<br />
=== Pros and cons ===<br />
<!-- ''Summarise and briefly evaluate the vehicle in terms of its characteristics and combat effectiveness. Mark its pros and cons in a bulleted list. Try not to use more than 6 points for each of the characteristics. Avoid using categorical definitions such as "bad", "good" and the like - use substitutions with softer forms such as "inadequate" and "effective".'' --><br />
<br />
'''Pros:'''<br />
<br />
* Same powerful gun with access to high-penetrating APFSDS as ZTZ96<br />
* Autoloader reloads the cannon even when putting out fires or replacing crew members<br />
* HE shell is currently the most powerful available to any high-rank MBT, can cripple or outright destroy enemies with a good shot<br />
* Low profile<br />
* Strong turret cheeks armour<br />
* Strong upper glacis armour<br />
* Combinations of strong armour and very fast and high penetrating APFSDS makes it a good sniper<br />
* Roof-mounted heavy machine gun is useful against aircraft and light targets<br />
* Relatively faster turret rotation speed, compared to contemporary Soviet tanks<br />
* Thermal sights<br />
* Improved mobility over predecessor ZTZ96<br />
<br />
'''Cons:'''<br />
<br />
* Mobility is below average at its rank<br />
* Autoloader carousel is a giant ammo rack<br />
* Poor reverse speed<br />
* Below average gun depression (-5°)<br />
* Only 3 crew members<br />
* No ATGM capability, unlike the T-64B and T-72B<br />
* Relatively slow reload compared to other MBT's<br />
* ERA and thickened armour is a great improvement over the previous model, but some shells are still able to penetrate<br />
* Lower plate is very weak, with penetrating shells killing crew or exploding ammo<br />
* Poor gun handling characteristics<br />
* Large weakspots <br />
* Large and weak mantlet<br />
* Low zoom in the gunner's sight<br />
<br />
== History ==<br />
<!-- ''Describe the history of the creation and combat usage of the vehicle in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the vehicle and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Vehicle-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>. This section may also include the vehicle's dev blog entry (if applicable) and the in-game encyclopedia description (under <code><nowiki>=== In-game description ===</nowiki></code>, also if applicable).'' --><br />
<br />
The [[ZTZ96]] main battle tank entered service with the People's Liberation Army starting in the late 1990s. The Gulf War had shown that older tanks like the [[T-55A|T-55]] or [[Type 69]] were no match whatsoever for modern MBTs like the [[M1 Abrams]], and the ZTZ96 was derived from the export Type 85-IIAP as a stopgap. It was a significant improvement over the old stocks of [[Type 59]] variants that formed the bulk of the PLA's tank forces, featuring modular composite armor and a powerful 125 mm smoothbore gun. However, the basic ZTZ96 was still below par in terms of engine power, electronics, and overall protection compared to many Western main battle tanks. The next-generation [[ZTZ99]], which had been under separate development for years, was a significantly more competitive design with heavier armor, superior mobility, and a sophisticated suite of electronics. However, the ZTZ99 was heavier and more expensive than the ZTZ96, limiting how quickly it could be adopted and where in China it could be deployed. The ZTZ96 could still occupy a niche as a lighter and cheaper MBT for the rapid modernization of the PLA, but it needed upgrades to bring it closer to parity with its rivals.<br />
<br />
The ZTZ96A variant was developed through the early 2000s and first unveiled in 2006. The upgrades consisted of applique armor on the turret front in an "arrowhead" shape, a new gunner's sight with thermal imaging, an improved fire control system, and a slightly more powerful 800 horsepower engine. At least one prototype vehicle was tested with an unusual "needle-nose" applique armor format and infrared dazzlers akin to the Soviet Shtora system. The former did not enter production but a handful of ZTZ96As in PLA service have been seen with the dazzlers.<br />
<br />
The ZTZ96A was used by the Chinese team from 2014-2016 at the Tank Biathlon competition hosted by Russia. The Chinese team placed third in 2014 and second in 2015 and 2016 in the final results. From 2017 onward, it was replaced for competition use by the upgraded ZTZ96B variant with a more powerful engine developing between 1,000 and 1,130 horsepower and general improvements to the systems and chassis.<br />
<br />
The ZTZ96A has been offered for export by Norinco under the name of "VT-2", first demonstrated in 2012.<br />
<br />
At present, more than 1,100 examples of the ZTZ96A are currently in service with the PLA. It is more numerous than the elite [[ZTZ99]] and will continue to serve for the forseeable future.<br />
<br />
=== [[wt:en/news/6630-development-ztz96a-can-take-a-punch-en|Devblog]] ===<br />
<br />
Development of the ZTZ96A began in the early 2000s, once it became clear that the introduction of the ZTZ99 MBT would be delayed due to issues surrounding its development. As a result, Chinese engineers developed an improved version of the existing ZTZ96, in order to counter the threat of the most advanced fighting vehicles of other nations, such as the USA, Russia, Japan, Korea or India.<br />
<br />
Two different prototypes were built as part of the development work, of which one was chosen for further development and eventually entered production as the ZTZ96A. With the ZTZ96A, Chinese engineers addressed two of the biggest shortcomings of the original ZTZ96 - mobility and protection - by installing additional ERA packages to the turret and hull front as well as fitting a more powerful engine.<br />
<br />
The ZTZ96A was first revealed in 2006 and served as the basis for the development of more advanced versions of the vehicle. The ZTZ96A is still in service and makes for the most widely used main battle tank in service with the PLA today.<br />
<br />
<br />
== Media ==<br />
<!-- ''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.'' --><br />
<br />
;Skins<br />
<br />
* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicleCountry=china&vehicleType=tank&vehicleClass=medium_tank&vehicle=cn_ztz_96a Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]<br />
<br />
;Images<br />
<gallery mode="packed" heights="150"><br />
File:ZTZ-96A WTWallpaper 01.jpg|<br />
File:ZTZ-96A WTWallpaper 02.jpg|<br />
File:ZTZ-96A WTWallpaper 03.jpg|<br />
File:ZTZ-96A WTWallpaper 04.jpg|<br />
File:ZTZ-96A WTWallpaper 05.jpg|<br />
File:ZTZ-96A WTWallpaper 06.jpg|<br />
</gallery><br />
<br />
;Videos<br />
{{Youtube-gallery|86-UrgRQQ5k|'''ZTZ96A Slightly Improved''' - ''JustinPlaysYT''}}<br />
<br />
== See also ==<br />
<!-- ''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''<br />
* ''reference to the series of the vehicles;''<br />
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.'' --><br />
<br />
;Vehicles equipped with the same chassis<br />
<br />
* [[ZTZ96]]<br />
<br />
== External links ==<br />
<!-- ''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''<br />
* ''topic on the official game forum;''<br />
* ''other literature.'' --><br />
<br />
* [[wt:en/news/6630-development-ztz96a-can-take-a-punch-en|[Devblog] ZTZ96A: Can take a punch!]]<br />
<br />
{{China medium tanks}}</div>U29417738https://wiki.warthunder.com/index.php?title=Centurion_Mk.5/1&diff=103140Centurion Mk.5/12021-05-18T09:33:46Z<p>U29417738: /* Pros and cons */</p>
<hr />
<div>{{About<br />
| about = British medium tank '''{{PAGENAME}}'''<br />
| usage = other versions<br />
| link = Centurion (Family)<br />
}}<br />
{{Specs-Card<br />
|code=uk_centurion_mk_5_raac<br />
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_Centurion Mk.5-1.jpg}}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
== Description ==<br />
<!-- ''In the description, the first part should be about the history of the creation and combat usage of the vehicle, as well as its key features. In the second part, tell the reader about the ground vehicle in the game. Insert a screenshot of the vehicle, so that if the novice player does not remember the vehicle by name, he will immediately understand what kind of vehicle the article is talking about.'' --><br />
The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a premium gift rank {{Specs|rank}} British medium tank {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced during [[Update "Hot Tracks"]] as a reward for [[Battle Pass: Season II, "Steel Centurion"]].<br />
<br />
== General info ==<br />
=== Survivability and armour ===<br />
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}<br />
<!-- ''Describe armour protection. Note the most well protected and key weak areas. Appreciate the layout of modules as well as the number and location of crew members. Is the level of armour protection sufficient, is the placement of modules helpful for survival in combat? If necessary use a visual template to indicate the most secure and weak zones of the armour.'' --><br />
<br />
'''Armour type:'''<br />
<br />
* Rolled Homogeneous Armour - hull, turret roof, external fuel tank<br />
* Cast Homogeneous Armour - turret (except roof)<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|-<br />
! '''Armour''' !! '''Front (Slope angle)''' !! '''Sides''' !! '''Rear''' !! '''Roof'''<br />
|-<br />
| Hull || 76.2 + {{annotation|50.8|Appliqué armour}} mm (58°) ''Upper glacis'' <br> 76.2 mm (47°) ''Lower glacis'' <br />
| 50.8 mm|| 38 mm || 29 mm ''Crew compartment'' <br> 8-14 mm ''Engine compartment'' <br> 5 mm ''Radiator vents''<br />
|-<br />
| Turret || 89-152 mm ''Turret front'' <br> {{annotation|Up to 300 mm|Variable thickness armour}} + {{annotation|100 mm|Hidden in mantlet}} ''Gun mantlet'' || 89 mm || 89 mm || 29-50.8 mm<br />
|-<br />
| Cupola || 152 mm || colspan="2" | 90 mm || 29 mm<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
'''Notes:'''<br />
<br />
* Road wheels - 20 mm, tracks - 20 mm<br />
* Main gun - 20 mm, machine guns - 5 mm<br />
* External fuel tank - 12.7 mm<br />
* Fenders and stowage boxes - 4 mm<br />
<br />
Your upper front glacis plate may bounce a shell or two but all side skirts have been removed. It means that HEATFS, and HESH rounds become much more effective as there is only 50.8 mm of RHA on the sides.<br />
<br />
=== Mobility ===<br />
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}<br />
<!-- ''Write about the mobility of the ground vehicle. Estimate the specific power and manoeuvrability, as well as the maximum speed forwards and backwards.'' --><br />
<br />
{{tankMobility|abMinHp=1,007|rbMinHp=575}}<br />
<br />
=== Modifications and economy ===<br />
{{Specs-Economy}}<br />
<br />
== Armaments ==<br />
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}<br />
<br />
=== Main armament ===<br />
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}<br />
<!-- ''Give the reader information about the characteristics of the main gun. Assess its effectiveness in a battle based on the reloading speed, ballistics and the power of shells. Do not forget about the flexibility of the fire, that is how quickly the cannon can be aimed at the target, open fire on it and aim at another enemy. Add a link to the main article on the gun: <code><nowiki>{{main|Name of the weapon}}</nowiki></code>. Describe in general terms the ammunition available for the main gun. Give advice on how to use them and how to fill the ammunition storage.'' --><br />
{{main|20pdr OQF Mk.I (84 mm)}}<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="5" | [[20pdr OQF Mk.I (84 mm)|84 mm 20pdr OQF Mk.I]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)<br />
|-<br />
! Mode !! Capacity !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer<br />
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced<br />
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced<br />
|-<br />
! ''Arcade''<br />
| rowspan="2" | 62 || rowspan="2" | -10°/+20° || rowspan="2" | ±180° || rowspan="2" | Two-plane || 19.0 || 26.4 || 32.0 || 35.4 || 37.7 || rowspan="2" | 8.19 || rowspan="2" | 7.25 || rowspan="2" | 6.68 || rowspan="2" | 6.30<br />
|-<br />
! ''Realistic''<br />
| 11.9 || 14.0 || 17.0 || 18.8 || 20.0<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==== Ammunition ====<br />
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"<br />
! colspan="8" | Penetration statistics<br />
|-<br />
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition<br />
! rowspan="2" | Type of<br>warhead<br />
! colspan="6" | '''Penetration @ 0° Angle of Attack (mm)'''<br />
|-<br />
! 10 m !! 100 m !! 500 m !! 1,000 m !! 1,500 m !! 2,000 m<br />
|-<br />
| Shot Mk.1 || APCBC || 232 || 229 || 216 || 201 || 187 || 173<br />
|-<br />
| Shell Mk.1 || HE || 15 || 15 || 15 || 15 || 15 || 15<br />
|-<br />
| Shot Mk.3 || APDS || 285 || 283 || 262 || 239 || 218 || 198<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"<br />
! colspan="10" | Shell details<br />
|-<br />
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition<br />
! rowspan="2" | Type of<br>warhead<br />
! rowspan="2" | Velocity<br>(m/s)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Projectile<br>Mass (kg)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Fuse delay<br>(m)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Fuse sensitivity<br>(mm)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Explosive Mass<br>(TNT equivalent) (g)<br />
! colspan="3" | Ricochet<br />
|-<br />
! 0% !! 50% !! 100%<br />
|-<br />
| Shot Mk.1 || APCBC || 1,000 || 9.1 || N/A || N/A || N/A || 48° || 63° || 71°<br />
|-<br />
| Shell Mk.1 || HE || 600 || 7.5 || 0 || 0.1 || 1,130 || 79° || 80° || 81°<br />
|-<br />
| Shot Mk.3 || APDS || 1,400 || 3.2 || N/A || N/A || N/A || 75° || 78° || 80°<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"<br />
! colspan="7" | Smoke shell characteristics<br />
|-<br />
! Ammunition<br />
! Velocity<br>(m/s)<br />
! Projectile<br>Mass (kg)<br />
! Screen radius<br>(m)<br />
! Screen deploy time<br>(s)<br />
! Screen hold time<br>(s)<br />
! Explosive Mass<br>(TNT equivalent) (g)<br />
|-<br />
| 20pdr Shell SS Mk.1 || 250 || 9.3 || 13 || 5 || 20 || 50<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==== [[Ammo racks]] ====<br />
[[File:Ammoracks_Centurion_Mk.5-1.png|right|thumb|x250px|[[Ammo racks]] of the {{PAGENAME}}]]<br />
<!-- '''Last updated: 2.5.0.47''' --><br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"<br />
|-<br />
! Full<br>ammo<br />
! 1st<br>rack empty<br />
! 2nd<br>rack empty<br />
! 3rd<br>rack empty<br />
! 4th<br>rack empty<br />
! 5th<br>rack empty<br />
|-<br />
| '''62''' || 61&nbsp;''(+1)'' || 59&nbsp;''(+3)'' || 51&nbsp;''(+11)'' || 43&nbsp;''(+19)'' || 35&nbsp;''(+27)''<br />
|-<br />
! 6th<br>rack empty<br />
! 7th<br>rack empty<br />
! 8th<br>rack empty<br />
! 9th<br>rack empty<br />
! Visual<br>discrepancy<br />
!<br />
|-<br />
| 27&nbsp;''(+35)'' || 7&nbsp;''(+55)'' || 5&nbsp;''(+57)'' || 1&nbsp;''(+61)'' || No<br />
!<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
'''Notes''':<br />
<br />
* Shells are modeled individually and disappear after having been shot or loaded.<br />
* Racks 8 and 9 are first stage ammo racks. They total 6 shells and get filled first when loading up the tank.<br />
* These racks are also emptied early: the depletion order at full capacity is 8 - 9 - 1 - 2 - etc. until 7.<br />
* Full reload speed will be realized as long as shells are available in the ready racks 8 and 9. If the ready racks are empty, a penalty to reload speed will occur.<br />
* Simply not firing when the gun is loaded will move ammo from racks 1-7 into racks 9 then 8. Firing will interrupt the restocking of the ready racks.<br />
<br />
=== Machine guns ===<br />
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|2}}<br />
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|3}}<br />
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|4}}<br />
<!-- ''Offensive and anti-aircraft machine guns not only allow you to fight some aircraft but also are effective against lightly armoured vehicles. Evaluate machine guns and give recommendations on its use.'' --><br />
{{main|M2HB (12.7 mm)|L3A1 (7.62 mm)}}<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="5" | [[M2HB (12.7 mm)|12.7 mm M2HB]]<br />
|-<br />
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal<br />
|-<br />
| Coaxial || 3,000 (200) || 577 || N/A || N/A<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="5" | [[L3A1 (7.62 mm)|7.62 mm L3A1]]<br />
|-<br />
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal<br />
|-<br />
| Pintle || 1,000 (250) || 500 || -10°/+50° || ±120°<br />
|-<br />
| Coaxial || 3,600 (250) || 500 || N/A || N/A<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
== Usage in battles ==<br />
<!-- ''Describe the tactics of playing in the vehicle, the features of using vehicles in the team and advice on tactics. Refrain from creating a "guide" - do not impose a single point of view but instead give the reader food for thought. Describe the most dangerous enemies and give recommendations on fighting them. If necessary, note the specifics of the game in different modes (AB, RB, SB).'' --><br />
<br />
Take advantage of your good gun depression of -10° and powerful 20-pdr cannon to snipe from long distances. If you want to play close quarters, use cover as much as possible since your armour is something you shouldn't rely upon. The gun stabilizer means you can shoot faster than most tanks at that BR without needing to come to a stop. The night vision is a bonus and paired with the IR spotlight on the front side of the turret the vehicle can be excellent in night battles.<br />
<br />
=== Pros and cons ===<br />
<!-- ''Summarise and briefly evaluate the vehicle in terms of its characteristics and combat effectiveness. Mark its pros and cons in a bulleted list. Try not to use more than 6 points for each of the characteristics. Avoid using categorical definitions such as "bad", "good" and the like - use substitutions with softer forms such as "inadequate" and "effective".'' --><br />
<br />
'''Pros:'''<br />
<br />
* Powerful APDS round with high velocity<br />
* Good mobility of a Centurion plus decent reverse speed<br />
* Accurate cannon with stabilizer<br />
* Extra sloped armour plate on UFP, making the frontal armour on the Mk.5/1 equal to the Centurion Mk 10<br />
* Decent frontal turret armour<br />
* Night vision for driver, gunner and commander is an uncommon feature at this BR<br />
* Generous amount of ammunition available for the 20-pounder gun: APCBC, APDS, smoke and HE shells<br />
* Browning .50 calibre HBMG with 3,000 rounds as coaxially mounted machinegun - noticable upgrade over the standard British BESA machinegun<br />
* Decent frontal turret armour, -10° gun depression and a powerful gun make the Centurion Mk.5/1 (RAAC) a powerful hulldown vehicle<br />
* Rear mounted fuel tank offers a slight increase in protection against shells aimed at your engine<br />
<br />
'''Cons:'''<br />
<br />
* Only fires solid shots without explosive filler <br />
* Weak side armour <br />
* Frontal ammo stowage (can be mitigated by bringing fewer than 30 rounds)<br />
* Low top speed<br />
* Fuel tanks over the engine deck restrict gun depression while turret is facing backwards<br />
* Unlike other Centurions, no turret mounted smoke grenade launchers<br />
* IR spotlight can give your position away when activated during night battles <br />
* Slow turret traverse<br />
* Gun is slow to elevate and depress<br />
* Slight loss in protection against shaped-charge munitions due to the missing sideskirts<br />
* Reverse speed of -12 km/h is a noticable upgrade over previous British tanks, but still quite underwhelming when you need a quick getaway<br />
<br />
== History ==<br />
<!-- ''Describe the history of the creation and combat usage of the vehicle in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the vehicle and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Vehicle-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>. This section may also include the vehicle's dev blog entry (if applicable) and the in-game encyclopedia description (under <code><nowiki>=== In-game description ===</nowiki></code>, also if applicable).'' --><br />
The Royal Australian Armoured Corps (RAAC) received Centurion Mark 3 tanks in 1955. The Mark 3 Centurion introduced the 20-pounder (84 mm) gun in the completely cast turret of the Mark 2. It was the first Centurion to include a new gunsight and a two-plane stabilization system for the main gun, as well as to have replaced the coaxial 20 mm Polsten gun with a 7.92 mm BESA machine gun. Additionally, the Mark 3 introduced a more powerful version of the Meteor engine - producing 650 horsepower. The RAAC upgraded their Mark 3 tanks to the Centurion Mark 5/1 standard. The Mark 5 replaced the coaxial BESA machine gun with a 7.62 mm L3 machine gun, a version of the American M1919 Browning, and added a second L3 machine gun on the commander's cupola; a 12.7 mm L6A1 machine gun (based on the American M2HB Browning) was mounted coaxial for ranging of the 20-pounder main gun. A layer of armour was added to the upper glacis to increase frontal protection.<br />
<br />
Australian Centurion Mk 5/1 tanks of the C Squadron, 1st Armoured Regiment were deployed to Vietnam in February 1968. They were mainly used in the infantry support role due to a lack of enemy armour in the theatre. The Australian Centurions proved to have a high level of mobility during the conflict but were too heavy for most South Vietnamese bridges. Notable combats involving RAAC Centurions included defensive actions at the Coral and Balmoral firebases where RAAC Centurions were instrumental in the Australian victory. RAAC Centurions had been withdrawn from Vietnam by August 1971 and were replaced in the RAAC by the German Leopard 1 soon after. During their time in Vietnam 42 out of 58 Centurions took combat damage, of which six were irreparable. Despite this, only two Centurion crew members were killed in the conflict.<br />
<br />
While in Vietnam, Australian tank crews removed the sideskirts from around the suspension in order to prevent a buildup of muck in the suspension. A 100 gallon fuel tank was bolted onto the rear of the hull in order to increase the very limited range of the Centurion. The standard ammunition loadout for Centurions deployed in Vietnam was 62 rounds of 84 mm ammunition, 4,000 rounds of 12.7 mm ammunition, and 9,000 rounds of 7.62 mm ammunition. Some Australian Centurions had their smoke grenade launchers removed while in Vietnam.<br />
<br />
=== [[wt:en/news/7070-development-battle-pass-vehicles-centurion-mk-5-1-raac-en|Devblog]] ===<br />
Since 1951, the Royal Australian Armoured Corps has been replenished with Centurion Mk.3 and Mk.5 tanks, arriving both from the United Kingdom and other British-controlled regions. By the end of the 60s, all Centurion tanks were upgraded to the Mk.5/1 modification - among other works, the modernisation involved the installation of new sighting and commander machine guns, as well as the welding of additional armour plates, which were 50.8 mm thick, to the upper front plate of the hull. <br />
<br />
In 1965, Australia announced the introduction of its military contingent into Vietnam. For this mission, Centurion tanks were additionally equipped with night vision devices: a removable IR searchlight appeared on the front of the tower, and the driver’s, gunner's, and commander's sights all received infrared night vision devices. The final standardisation of all available Centurions took place in 1973 after the return of the Australian troops from Vietnam. The Centurion Mk.5/1 was the main battle tank of the Australian Royal Tank Corps until the 1980s, later replaced by Leopard 1 tanks.<br />
<br />
== Media ==<br />
<!-- ''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.'' --><br />
<br />
;Skins<br />
<br />
* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicleCountry=britain&vehicleType=tank&vehicleClass=medium_tank&vehicle=uk_centurion_mk_5_raac Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]<br />
<br />
;Images<br />
<gallery mode="packed" heights="150"><br />
File:Centurion Mk 5-1 RAAC WTWallpaper 01.jpg|<br />
File:Centurion Mk 5-1 RAAC WTWallpaper 02.jpg|<br />
File:Centurion Mk 5-1 RAAC WTWallpaper 03.jpg|<br />
File:Centurion Mk 5-1 RAAC WTWallpaper 04.jpg|<br />
</gallery><br />
<br />
;Videos<br />
{{Youtube-gallery|9ffyPCaxp9k|'''Battle Pass Vehicles''' discusses the {{PAGENAME}} at 04:22 - ''War Thunder Official Channel''}}<br />
<br />
== See also ==<br />
<!-- ''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''<br />
* ''reference to the series of the vehicles;''<br />
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.'' --><br />
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''<br />
<br />
* ''reference to the series of the vehicles;''<br />
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''<br />
<br />
== External links ==<br />
<!-- ''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''<br />
* ''topic on the official game forum;''<br />
* ''other literature.'' --><br />
''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''<br />
<br />
* ''topic on the official game forum;''<br />
* ''other literature.''<br />
<br />
{{Britain medium tanks}}<br />
{{Britain premium ground vehicles}}</div>U29417738https://wiki.warthunder.com/index.php?title=Challenger_Mk.3&diff=103139Challenger Mk.32021-05-18T09:27:43Z<p>U29417738: /* Pros and cons */</p>
<hr />
<div>{{About<br />
| about = British medium tank '''{{PAGENAME}}'''<br />
| usage = other uses<br />
| link = Challenger (Disambiguation)<br />
}}<br />
{{Specs-Card<br />
|code=uk_challenger_mk_3<br />
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
== Description ==<br />
<!-- ''In the description, the first part should be about the history of the creation and combat usage of the vehicle, as well as its key features. In the second part, tell the reader about the ground vehicle in the game. Insert a screenshot of the vehicle, so that if the novice player does not remember the vehicle by name, he will immediately understand what kind of vehicle the article is talking about.'' --><br />
The '''{{Specs|name}}''' (shortened as '''{{Specs|pseudonym}}''') is a rank {{Specs|rank}} British medium tank {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.85 "Supersonic"]].<br />
<br />
The Challenger Mk.3 retains most of the characteristics of the [[Challenger Mk.2]]. It has some unique differences; such as: [[Armour#Explosive_reactive_armour_.28ERA.29|"ROMOR-A ERA"]] which covers the lower glacis and sides, along with the addition of the ammunition storage being covered with rolled homogeneous armour. It retains the same engine (1200 hp) as the Mk.2, however with a minor increase in weight it suffers slightly reduced mobility and acceleration. Its iconic, legendary, and pin-point accurate gun stays the same as on the Challenger Mk.2.<br />
<br />
== General info ==<br />
=== Survivability and armour ===<br />
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}<br />
<!-- ''Describe armour protection. Note the most well protected and key weak areas. Appreciate the layout of modules as well as the number and location of crew members. Is the level of armour protection sufficient, is the placement of modules helpful for survival in combat? If necessary use a visual template to indicate the most secure and weak zones of the armour.'' --><br />
The armour protection on the Challenger Mk.3 is excellent in some areas and bad in others. The upper half of the turret cheeks are capable of withstanding almost all kinetic penetrators and will stop most chemical penetrators with less than 800 mm, while the lower half won't protect against most top-rank rounds. Additionally, the breech weak spot is quite small. This means the turret has excellent protection and hulldown play is recommended. The hull composite is only good against lower penetrating APFSDS rounds such as [[T-55AM-1|T-55AM]], and can also withstand some chemical munitions, but it is not advised to rely on this armour. The rest of the tank (turret and hull sides, lower front plate) has decent protection against chemical rounds due to the add on armour, ERA, and thick turret sides.<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|-<br />
! Armour !! Front (Slope angle) !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof<br />
|-<br />
| Hull || 38 mm (79-81°), 50* mm (60°) ''Upper glacis''<br>70 mm (30°) ''Lower glacis''<br />
| 20 mm, 25 mm (74°) ''Top''<br>38 mm (12°) ''Bottom''<br />
| 25 mm (29-30°)<br />
| 20 mm<br>8 mm ''Engine grille''<br />
|-<br />
| Turret || 50* mm (51-54°)<br>60 mm (55-56°), 200 mm ''Gun mantlet''<br />
| 80 mm + 15 mm ''Front right''<br>80 + 25 mm + 4 mm ''Front''<br>45 + 4 mm ''Rear''<br />
| 44 + 4 mm<br />
| 38 mm (82°) ''Front''<br>20 mm (80-90°) ''Rear''<br />
|-<br />
| Cupola || colspan="4" | 60 mm<br />
|-<br />
! Composite armour* !! colspan="2" | Front !! colspan="2" | Sides<br />
|-<br />
| Hull<br />
| colspan="2" | 200 mm NERA + 80 mm RHA + 50 mm RHA ''Upper glacis''<br />
| colspan="2" | 150 mm NERA, 70 mm screens ''Side skirts''<br />
|-<br />
| Turret<br />
| colspan="2" | 300 mm NERA + 50 mm RHA + 110 mm CHA<br />
| colspan="2" | 300 mm NERA + 25 mm RHA + 80 mm RHA<br />
|-<br />
! Reactive Armour !! colspan="2" | Front !! colspan="2" | Sides<br />
|-<br />
| Hull<br />
| colspan="2" | 30 mm ROMOR-A ERA ''Lower glacis''<br>'''Protection against:'''<br>30 mm ''Kinetic''<br>300 mm ''Chemical''<br />
| colspan="2" | 150 mm NERA ''Side skirts''<br>'''Protection against:'''<br>30 mm ''Kinetic''<br>400 mm ''Chemical''<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
'''Notes:'''<br />
<br />
* The propellant ammo racks are surrounded by 5 mm RHA<br />
* Side skirts consist of 150 mm NERA composite, 70 mm composite screens, or 19 mm aluminium<br />
* Tracks and wheels are 20 mm thick<br />
<br />
=== Mobility ===<br />
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}<br />
<!-- ''Write about the mobility of the ground vehicle. Estimate the specific power and manoeuvrability, as well as the maximum speed forwards and backwards.'' --><br />
<br />
{{tankMobility|abMinHp=1,860|rbMinHp=1,061}}<br />
<br />
The {{PAGENAME}} has an acceptable top speed, however, acceleration and mobility (primarily due to its weight) are lacklustre compared to other MBTs.<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="60%"<br />
|-<br />
! '''Module rotation speed'''<br />
! 90 Degrees<br />
! 180 Degrees<br />
! 360 Degrees<br />
|-<br />
| '''Tank Hull'''<br />
| 5 Seconds<br />
| 10 Seconds<br />
| 20 Seconds<br />
|-<br />
| '''Tank Turret'''<br />
| 3 Seconds<br />
| 6 Seconds<br />
| 12 Seconds<br />
|-<br />
| '''Test Conditions'''<br />
| colspan="3" style="text-align:left" | *Tested with a spaded {{PAGENAME}}, crew at maximum skill, with basic training qualification. Results can vary based on tank research state, crew levels & qualifications.<br />
|}<br />
<br />
=== Modifications and economy ===<br />
{{Specs-Economy}}<br />
<br />
== Armaments ==<br />
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}<br />
=== Main armament ===<br />
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}<br />
<!-- ''Give the reader information about the characteristics of the main gun. Assess its effectiveness in a battle based on the reloading speed, ballistics and the power of shells. Do not forget about the flexibility of the fire, that is how quickly the cannon can be aimed at the target, open fire on it and aim at another enemy. Add a link to the main article on the gun: <code><nowiki>{{main|Name of the weapon}}</nowiki></code>. Describe in general terms the ammunition available for the main gun. Give advice on how to use them and how to fill the ammunition storage.'' --><br />
{{main|L11A5 (120 mm)}}<br />
<br />
The Challenger's main gun, while not the most powerful at its rank, is competitive, and more importantly, accurate. With a little over 400 mm of penetration at maximum, aim for weak spots (particularly when facing higher-ranked vehicles such as the T-80U, Leopard 2A5, etc) and make use of the Challenger's good reload speed.<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="5" | [[L11A5 (120 mm)|120 mm L11A5]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)<br />
|-<br />
! Mode !! Capacity !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer<br />
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced<br />
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced<br />
|-<br />
! ''Arcade''<br />
| rowspan="2" | 52 || rowspan="2" | -10°/+20° || rowspan="2" | ±180° || rowspan="2" | Two-plane || 29.5 || 40.8 || 49.6 || 54.9 || 58.4 || rowspan="2" | 6.50 || rowspan="2" | 5.75 || rowspan="2" | 5.30 || rowspan="2" | 5.00<br />
|-<br />
! ''Realistic''<br />
| 18.4 || 21.7 || 26.4 || 29.1 || 31.0<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==== Ammunition ====<br />
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"<br />
! colspan="8" | Penetration statistics<br />
|-<br />
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition<br />
! rowspan="2" | Type of<br>warhead<br />
! colspan="6" | Penetration @ 0° Angle of Attack (mm)<br />
|-<br />
! 10 m !! 100 m !! 500 m !! 1,000 m !! 1,500 m !! 2,000 m<br />
|-<br />
| Shot L23 || APFSDS || 410 || 408 || 405 || 400 || 390 || 380<br />
|-<br />
| Shell L31A7 || HESH || 152 || 152 || 152 || 152 || 152 || 152<br />
|-<br />
| Shot L23A1 || APFSDS || 396 || 394 || 387 || 376 || 367 || 357<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"<br />
! colspan="10" | Shell details<br />
|-<br />
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition<br />
! rowspan="2" | Type of<br>warhead<br />
! rowspan="2" | Velocity<br>(m/s)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Projectile<br>Mass (kg)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Fuse delay<br>(m)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Fuse sensitivity<br>(mm)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Explosive Mass<br>(TNT equivalent) (g)<br />
! colspan="3" | Ricochet<br />
|-<br />
! 0% !! 50% !! 100%<br />
|-<br />
| Shot L23 || APFSDS || 1,535 || 3.89 || N/A || N/A || N/A || 76° || 77° || 80°<br />
|-<br />
| Shell L31A7 || HESH || 670 || 17.1 || 0.05 || 0.1 || 6,560 || 73° || 77° || 80°<br />
|-<br />
| Shot L23A1 || APFSDS || 1,535 || 3.89 || N/A || N/A || N/A || 78° || 80° || 81°<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"<br />
! colspan="7" | Smoke shell characteristics<br />
|-<br />
! Ammunition<br />
! Velocity<br>(m/s)<br />
! Projectile<br>Mass (kg)<br />
! Screen radius<br>(m)<br />
! Screen deploy time<br>(s)<br />
! Screen hold time<br>(s)<br />
! Explosive Mass<br>(TNT equivalent) (g)<br />
|-<br />
| L34 || 670 || 17.1 || 20 || 5 || 25 || 50<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==== [[Ammo racks]] ====<br />
<!-- [[File:Ammoracks_{{PAGENAME}}.png|right|thumb|x250px|[[Ammo racks]] of the {{PAGENAME}}]] --><br />
<!-- '''Last updated:''' --><br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"<br />
|-<br />
! Full<br>ammo<br />
! 1st<br>rack empty<br />
! 2nd<br>rack empty<br />
! 3rd<br>rack empty<br />
! 4th<br>rack empty<br />
! 5th<br>rack empty<br />
! 6th<br>rack empty<br />
! Visual<br>discrepancy<br />
|-<br />
| '''52''' || __&nbsp;''(+__)'' || __&nbsp;''(+__)'' || __&nbsp;''(+__)'' || __&nbsp;''(+__)'' || __&nbsp;''(+__)'' || __&nbsp;''(+__)'' || __<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
=== Machine guns ===<br />
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|2}}<br />
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|3}}<br />
<!-- ''Offensive and anti-aircraft machine guns not only allow you to fight some aircraft but also are effective against lightly armoured vehicles. Evaluate machine guns and give recommendations on its use.'' --><br />
{{main|L37A2 (7.62 mm)|L8A2 (7.62 mm)}}<br />
<br />
The machine gun's calibre won't present any major advantage in armoured combat other than serving as target spotter to allies, ranging gun and obstacle clearer. But a major important role is against low flying aircrafts and especially, helicopters. As the highly adequate rate of fire is capable to bring down the biggest of the hovering birds, with enough well placed rounds that is.<br />
<br />
{{Notice|Tip: It is possible to switch to the machine gun as the main weapon and use thermals through the machine gun sight.}}<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="5" | [[L37A2 (7.62 mm)|7.62 mm L37A2]]<br />
|-<br />
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal<br />
|-<br />
| Pintle || 3,600 (100) || 650 || -10°/+50° || ±120°<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="5" | [[L8A2 (7.62 mm)|7.62 mm L8A2]]<br />
|-<br />
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal<br />
|-<br />
| Coaxial || 2,400 (200) || 600 || N/A || N/A<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
== Usage in battles ==<br />
<!-- ''Describe the tactics of playing in the vehicle, the features of using vehicles in the team and advice on tactics. Refrain from creating a "guide" - do not impose a single point of view but instead give the reader food for thought. Describe the most dangerous enemies and give recommendations on fighting them. If necessary, note the specifics of the game in different modes (AB, RB, SB).'' --><br />
<br />
;Urban Environments<br />
<br />
In urban environments, the Challenger will struggle relative to the [[T-80B]], [[M1 Abrams]] and [[Leopard 2A4]] - it's large, heavy and sluggish which proves costly in close quarters or when engagements occur in open streets. While the Challenger's gun still proves effective, often opposition vehicles will achieve valuable positioning before a Challenger can, forcing the Challenger tanker to play defensively. However, playing carefully and avoiding obvious routes, the Challenger can be comfortably put to use in urban environments.<br />
<br />
;Rural Environments<br />
<br />
The Mk.3 performs very well in rural areas, where defilades and ditches that can be used for cover are far more readily available. The Challenger is still best played in hull-down defensive positions, clearing areas of maps before moving up, but a patient playstyle will be rewarded. Make use of the vehicle's good gun depression and competitive reload, utilising off-angles and hull-down positions. If a situation begins to degrade, make use of the Challenger's reasonably good reverse speed and reposition.<br />
<br />
=== Pros and cons ===<br />
<!-- ''Summarise and briefly evaluate the vehicle in terms of its characteristics and combat effectiveness. Mark its pros and cons in a bulleted list. Try not to use more than 6 points for each of the characteristics. Avoid using categorical definitions such as "bad", "good" and the like - use substitutions with softer forms such as "inadequate" and "effective".'' --><br />
<br />
'''Pros:'''<br />
<br />
* Decent turret armour; efficiency increased even more with proper hull down in slopes<br />
* Reasonably small breech protected by turret cheek's armour<br />
* Good HEAT and ATGM resistance on front/sides thanks to ERA and NERA elements<br />
* Good neutral steering and decent reverse speed provides a great boost from the slower [[Chieftain (Family)|Chieftains]]<br />
* Reasonably good reload, particularly for a 120 mm gun; one of the most remarkable aspects of the latter British MBTs<br />
* Brand-new TOGS system provides easy target acquisition in day or night<br />
<br />
'''Cons:'''<br />
<br />
* Lacklustre penetration, even worst during high ranked battles facing the omni-presents [[Leopard 2A6]] or [[T-72B (1989)]]; must aim for weak spots<br />
* The lower half of the turret cheeks are vulnerable to some higher-tier FIN rounds<br />
* Slower MBT than most of the vehicles it faces, albeit not by a huge margin<br />
* Hull is large and tall, very vulnerable to kinetic rounds or aerial attacks<br />
* Cannot shoot straight over its engine deck; a notable disadvantage on urban engagements<br />
* Current top tier shells (e.g. DM53, M829A1, CL3143, 3BM42M, OFL 120 F1, L27A1 and the like) can penetrate the Challenger's turret armour, even at range <br />
<br />
== History ==<br />
<!-- ''Describe the history of the creation and combat usage of the vehicle in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the vehicle and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Vehicle-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>. This section may also include the vehicle's dev blog entry (if applicable) and the in-game encyclopedia description (under <code><nowiki>=== In-game description ===</nowiki></code>, also if applicable).'' --><br />
Once the Challenger was established as the latest MBT for the British army following the decommissioning of the older Chieftain tank, it entered service with the British Army in 1983.<br />
<br />
The British Army chose to test this newly designated tank in the Canadian Army Trophy (CAT) competition in West Germany, 1986. Once in the competition and despite having adequate scores, the Challengers were amongst the last in the score tables versus the equally powerful Abrams and Leopards. This proved to be discouraging results, as it was hoped the all-around better Challengers would provide excellent results this time unlike the older Chieftain - distinctly on the mobility and off-road abilities as the new Rolls-Royce CV12 provided almost twice the horsepower of the Chieftain's Leyland L60 Powerpack.<br />
<br />
The apparent complete failure on the CAT went further to the British Army withdrawing from the competition in 1987, leaving statements like the following:<br />
<br />
{{Quote|I do not believe that the performance of tanks in the artificial circumstances of a competition, such as the recent Canadian Army Trophy, is a proper indication of their capability in war. Challenger's gun gives the best penetrative performance against the tanks of a potential enemy. The tank itself is arguably the best protected in the world and has excellent mobility. It carries an advanced thermal imaging system which is much admired by our allies and ensures that Challenger can fight effectively by night and by day. Participation in international tank gunnery competitions is one useful option in the complete spectrum of training opportunities available in preparing our tank crews for war, but it is not on its own a basis for judgment of overall capability.|'''Ian Stewart, former Minister for the Armed Forces''' when asked if he is satisfied with the standard of British tank international gunnery demonstrated in recent competitions; and if he will make a statement.}}<br />
<br />
'''Mk.3 Upgrade'''<br />
<br />
Before the Gulf War, the Corps of Royal Electrical and Mechanical Engineers (REME) updated the Challenger 1 Mk.2 into the Mk.3 with even more armour protection, increased operational range, desert filters amongst other internal refits. This was the first mass-production use of the Royal Ordnance-made ROMOR-A, of over 250 armour sets were going to be used in the imminent Desert storm - These packages were also included in the Centurion AVRE deploying along with the Challengers 1.<br />
<br />
Numerous Challengers were up-armoured by to Mk.3 desert modification with packages of explosive reactive armour (ERA) ROMOR-A in the lower frontal plate and non-energetic reactive armour (NERA) in the sides - this NERA proved to be safer from accidental detonations for any possible friendly units adjacent to the tank. It was estimated the upgrades would increase the protection in these reinforced areas up to 95% against the performance of shaped charges or ATGMs of approximately 127 mm.<br />
<br />
The armour requirements were exponentially increasing because new lethal weaponry as the infamously portable Soviet RPG-7 became the most widely used anti-tank weapon in the world. The revolutionary and yet classified to this day Chobham armour proved extremely reliable against most possible frontal engagements. However, areas like the side armour or the lower frontal plate remained a weak spot against the powerful anti-tank armaments been constantly developed.<br />
<br />
'''Trial of fire'''<br />
<br />
3 days after of the US-designated Desert storm operation started, the vast miles of desert defended by Iraqi forces were damaged by French and American aerial and ground attacks but fiercely resisting. It was then the only UK armoured division, the 1st Armoured Division headed to combat under the British code name of Operation Grandby. They were equipped with Warriors acting as the mechanized infantry and Challengers leading the spearhead of the assault.<br />
<br />
Charging along with the US' 1st Calvary division, the Challengers Mk.2 and Mk.3 advanced with low visibility conditions and sand storm, during day and night. This advantage is granted to the technologically superior Thermal Observation Gunnery Sight (TOGS) system, that enabled the tank commanders to designate targets in complete darkness. The developing GPS technology also proved vital to increase the mobility of the tanks squadrons in the desert.<br />
<br />
On February 27, 1991, Battle of Norfolk part of the Battle of 73 Easting. One of the major battles for the Challenger 1 MBT took part. It allowed the British tanks to achieved over 200 Iraqi tank kills and other various vehicles kill with no losses. This ardent engagements at long and very close distances versus the sand-dug Iraqi T-55s and T-62s allowed the Challenger to prove its true combat capabilities.<br />
<br />
{{Notice|A Challenger 1 got the longest tank kill of all time, at a range of over 4.6 km, when it knocked out an Iraqi tank with an APFSDS round!}}<br />
<br />
Lt Col Tim Purbrick, Queen's Royal Irish Hussars Battlegroup for the Liberation of Kuwait recollects<br />
<br />
{{Quote|First, Gus's 4,700 m first round FIN kill. It was a supreme technical achievement for man and machine. 4,700m, a shade under 3 miles, is more than three times the 1,200 m battle range of the Challenger. The shot is written up in books, sometimes incorrectly, with one book saying it was a Depleted Uranium (DU) round, it wasn't, it was a normal service FIN round while another book said it was at longer range, it wasn't, it was 4,700 m. I believe that it is the longest range direct fire kinetic round kill ever achieved by a tank on the battlefield.}}<br />
<br />
The Challenger regiments were given several of the specially conceived depleted Uranium APFSDS L26A1 rounds also known as "Jericho". In case of facing the ultimate adversary, the Iraqi Republican's guard T-72M; these engagements never occurred but the round was applied years later in the intended user, the Challenger 2.<br />
<br />
Despite the early perceived poor fidelity of the tank, the Challenger 1 fought till the end of the war without major losses but minor external damages. They travelled approximately 350 km in the desert till the final Gulf war objective; the Basra Highway north of Multa Ridge on February 27, 1991.<br />
<br />
{{Quote|Challenger is a tank built for war and not for competitions.|Patrick Cordingley, Commander of 7th Armoured Brigade}}<br />
<br />
'''Fate'''<br />
<br />
The Challengers 1 continued their British service until the 99's as part of the KFOR, a NATO-led international peacekeeping force in Kosovo.<br />
<br />
Eventually with most of the 400 tanks being sold or gifted in the 2000s to Jordan, in which the King Abdullah II Design and Development Bureau innovated with newer technologies, a rebirth tank, known locally as Al-Hussein. The Jordanians developed an upgrade package prototype unveiled in 2003, adding a crew-less turret fitted with a powerful Swiss RUAG Defense Systems 120 mm/L50 smoothbore with auto-loader, hunter-killer system, laser warning system, thermal imaging and Soft-Kill Active Protection; this variant is known as the '''Falcon turret'''.<br />
<br />
The Challenger 1 Mk.2 and Mk.3 were replaced by the Challenger 2 in the UK service but is still in service until this day in Jordan where the large fleet is being gradually replaced by the more modern French MBT, the Leclerc.<br />
<br />
== Media ==<br />
<!-- Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos. --><br />
{{Youtube-gallery|OI328RITINo|Video about the Operation Granby|Lwcx7vVieUQ|Bovington's chat about the Challenger 1|TCpSxqaqo-s|Crew operations inside the Challenger }}<br />
<br />
== See also ==<br />
<!-- ''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''<br />
* ''reference to the series of the vehicles;''<br />
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.'' --><br />
'''Preceded by'''<br />
<br />
* [[Chieftain Mk 10]]<br />
* [[Chieftain Mk 5]]<br />
<br />
'''Succeeded by'''<br />
<br />
* [[Challenger 2]]<br />
<br />
'''Shared operational History - Gulf War'''<br />
<br />
* [[M1 Abrams]]<br />
* [[Warrior]]<br />
* [[Challenger Mk.2|Challenger Mk. 2]]<br />
* [[M3 Bradley]]<br />
* [[T-55A|T-55]]<br />
* [[T-62]]<br />
<br />
'''Analogues on other nations'''<br />
<br />
* [[Leopard 2K]]<br />
* [[Leopard 1A5 (Italy)|Leopard 1A5]]<br />
* [[AMX-30B2 BRENUS]]<br />
* [[T-72B]]<br />
* [[T-72B (1989)]]<br />
<br />
== External links ==<br />
<!-- ''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''<br />
* ''topic on the official game forum;''<br />
* ''encyclopedia page on the tank;''<br />
* ''other literature.'' --><br />
<br />
* [[wt:en/news/5918-development-challenger-mk-3-a-royal-upgrade-en|[Devblog] Challenger Mk 3 - A Royal Upgrade]]<br />
* [https://britisharmyblog.wordpress.com/2016/03/11/desert-storm-part-24-back-to-germany/ Lt Col Tim Purbrick's UK Army blogs - Desert Storm Experience]<br />
* [https://www.militaryfactory.com/armor/detail.asp?armor_id=54 Military Factory.com - Challenger 1 MBT]<br />
* Dunstan, Simon (1998). ''Challenger Main Battle Tank 1982-97''. Osprey Publishing, p. 18. ISBN <bdi>1-85532-485-7</bdi>.<br />
* Challenger 2 Owners' Tank Manual, Haynes Manuals, 1998 to Present - ''An Insight Into the Design, Construction, Operation and Maintenance of the British Army's Main Battle Tank of the 21st Century'', 2018<br />
<br />
{{Britain medium tanks}}</div>U29417738https://wiki.warthunder.com/index.php?title=L7A3_(105_mm)&diff=103135L7A3 (105 mm)2021-05-18T09:06:14Z<p>U29417738: /* Comparison with analogues */</p>
<hr />
<div>== Description ==<br />
''Write an introduction to the article in 2-3 small paragraphs. Briefly tell us about the history of the development and combat using the weaponry and also about its features. Compile a list of air, ground, or naval vehicles that feature this weapon system in the game.''<br />
<br />
=== Vehicles equipped with this weapon ===<br />
<!-- ''List out vehicles that are equipped with the weapon.'' --><br />
<br />
{{Navigation-Start|Vehicles equipped with this weapon}}<br />
<br />
{{Navigation-First-Line|'''Light tanks'''}}{{Specs-Link|germ_radpanzer_90}}<br />
<br />
{{Navigation-Line|'''Medium tanks'''}}<br />
{{Navigation-Line|Germany}}{{Specs-Link|germ_leopard_I}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|germ_leopard_I_a1}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|germ_leopard_1a5}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|germ_leopard_c2_mexas}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|germ_mkpz_m48a2ga2}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|germ_mkpz_super_m48}}<br />
{{Navigation-Line|Japan}}{{Specs-Link|jp_st_b1}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|jp_type_74}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|jp_type_74_f}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|jp_type_74_mod_g_kai}}<br />
{{Navigation-Line|Italy}}{{Specs-Link|it_leopard_1a5}}<br />
<br />
{{Navigation-End}}<br />
<br />
== General info ==<br />
<!-- ''Tell us about the tactical and technical characteristics of the cannon or machine gun.'' --><br />
<br />
The L7A3 shares many of its properties with the [[L7A1 (105 mm)|L7A1]] on British tanks, although it has access to a wider range of ammunition. Aside from the standard APDS and HESH rounds, the L7A3 is found to use HEATFS as well as a smoke shell. The L7A3 can be found either unstabilized or fully stabilized depending on the vehicle. Giving accurate fire at long ranges that can punch through even heavily armoured vehicles, the L7A3 is a highly capable weapon for the vehicles it is found on and will often face.<br />
<br />
=== Available ammunition ===<br />
<!-- ''Describe the shells that are available for the weapon and their features and purpose. If it concerns autocannons or machine guns, write about different ammo belts and what is inside (which types of shells).'' --><br />
{{notice|Not all ammunition listed is available on all vehicles equipped with this weapon.}}<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"<br />
! colspan="8" | Penetration statistics<br />
|-<br />
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition<br />
! rowspan="2" | Type of<br>warhead<br />
! colspan="6" | '''Penetration @ 0° Angle of Attack (mm)'''<br />
|-<br />
! 10 m !! 100 m !! 500 m !! 1,000 m !! 1,500 m !! 2,000 m<br />
|-<br />
| DM12 || HEATFS || 400 || 400 || 400 || 400 || 400 || 400<br />
|-<br />
| DM13 || APDS || 303 || 302 || 296 || 277 || 257 || 252<br />
|-<br />
| DM23 || APFSDS || 337 || 335 || 330 || 322 || 314 || 306<br />
|-<br />
| DM33 || APFSDS || 408 || 405 || 398 || 389 || 379 || 370<br />
|-<br />
| DM502 || HESH || 127 || 127 || 127 || 127 || 127 || 127<br />
|-<br />
| M392A2 || APDS || 303 || 302 || 296 || 277 || 257 || 252<br />
|-<br />
| M393A2 || HESH || 127 || 127 || 127 || 127 || 127 || 127<br />
|-<br />
| M456 || HEATFS || 400 || 400 || 400 || 400 || 400 || 400<br />
|-<br />
| M735 || APFSDS || 353 || 350 || 342 || 333 || 322 || 312<br />
|-<br />
| Type 75 || HESH || 127 || 127 || 127 || 127 || 127 || 127<br />
|-<br />
| Type 91 || HEATFS || 400 || 400 || 400 || 400 || 400 || 400<br />
|-<br />
| Type 93 || APFSDS || 405 || 403 || 396 || 388 || 378 || 370<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"<br />
! colspan="10" | Shell details<br />
|-<br />
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition<br />
! rowspan="2" | Type of<br>warhead<br />
! rowspan="2" | Velocity<br>(m/s)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Projectile<br>Mass (kg)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Fuse delay<br>(m)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Fuse sensitivity<br>(mm)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Explosive Mass<br>(TNT equivalent) (g)<br />
! colspan="3" | Ricochet<br />
|-<br />
! 0% !! 50% !! 100%<br />
|-<br />
| DM12 || HEATFS || 1,173 || 10.5 || 0.05 || 0.1 || 1,270 || 65° || 72° || 77°<br />
|-<br />
| DM13 || APDS || 1,478 || 4 || N/A || N/A || N/A || 75° || 78° || 80°<br />
|-<br />
| DM23 || APFSDS || 1,455 || 3.79 || N/A || N/A || N/A || 78° || 80° || 81°<br />
|-<br />
| DM33 || APFSDS || 1,455 || 3.79 || N/A || N/A || N/A || 78° || 80° || 81°<br />
|-<br />
| DM502 || HESH || 732 || 14.85 || 0.05 || 0.1 || 4,310 || 73° || 77° || 80°<br />
|-<br />
| M392A2 || APDS || 1,478 || 4 || N/A || N/A || N/A || 75° || 78° || 80°<br />
|-<br />
| M393A2 || HESH || 732 || 14.85 || 0.05 || 0.1 || 4,310 || 73° || 77° || 80°<br />
|-<br />
| M456 || HEATFS || 1,173 || 10.5 || 0.05 || 0.1 || 1,270 || 65° || 72° || 77°<br />
|-<br />
| M735 || APFSDS || 1,501 || 3.7 || N/A || N/A || N/A || 76° || 77° || 80°<br />
|-<br />
| Type 75 || HESH || 760 || 10.8 || 0.05 || 0.1 || 3,890 || 73° || 77° || 80°<br />
|-<br />
| Type 91 || HEATFS || 1,150 || 10.5 || 0.05 || 0.1 || 1,270 || 65° || 72° || 77°<br />
|-<br />
| Type 93 || APFSDS || 1,501 || 3.4 || N/A || N/A || N/A || 78° || 80° || 81°<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"<br />
! colspan="7" | Smoke shell characteristics<br />
|-<br />
! Ammunition<br />
! Velocity<br>(m/s)<br />
! Projectile<br>Mass (kg)<br />
! Screen radius<br>(m)<br />
! Screen deploy time<br>(s)<br />
! Screen hold time<br>(s)<br />
! Explosive Mass<br>(TNT equivalent) (g)<br />
|-<br />
| M416 || 730 || 11.4 || 20 || 5 || 25 || 50<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
=== Comparison with analogues ===<br />
<!-- ''Give a comparative description of cannons/machine guns that have firepower equal to this weapon.'' --><br />
<br />
* [[L7A1 (105 mm)|'''L7A1 (105 mm)''']]: The L7A1 is the British original version of the L7A3, and has identical performance with the exception that no HEATFS shell is available for the L7A1.<br />
* [[M68 (105 mm)|'''M68 (105 mm)''']]: The M68 is the American licensed-produced version of the L7, and so also shares identical performance for matching shells, although the Americans have added a smoke shell in the place of having smoke grenades on vehicles.<br />
* [[D-10T2S (100 mm)|'''D-10T2S (100 mm)''']]: Unlike the standard D-10T found on the T-54, the D-10T2S uses a full stabilizer and has access to ammunition such as the 3BM25 which performs similarly to DM23 and M735 on the L7A3. However, the vehicles using the L7A3 reload faster than the T-55A (which uses the D-10T2S), although the T-55AM-1 does have a gun-launched ATGM which is not a feature found on the L7A3.<br />
* [[OTO Melara 105/52 (105 mm)|'''OTO Melara 105/52 (105 mm)''']]: The OTO Melara 105/52 shares ammunition with the L7A3, and Italian vehicles using it such as the Centauro and OF-40 can reload as fast as the German and Japanese vehicles with the L7A3.<br />
* [[CN-105-F1 (105 mm)|'''CN-105-F1 (105 mm)''']]: The CN-105-F1 has drastically limited ammunition available with only a single shell of each major type present, but the ammunition is just as good or better than that found on the L7A3 as the OFL 105 F1 has the edge in penetration over DM23, although the Japanese Type 93 is still the top ammunition choice.<br />
* [[Type 83 (105 mm)|'''Type 83 (105 mm)''']]: The Type 83 is a Chinese produced variant of the famous British L7 gun. Its ammunition performs the same as every other L7 gun in game, however the ammunition has a different name in Chinese use. It is capable of firing all standard 105mm NATO rounds, and is very powerful, the Type 83 (DM23 equivalent) APFSDS round is capable of knocking out nearly anything it may go up against.<br />
* [[ZPL94 (105 mm)|'''ZPL94 (105 mm)''']]: The ZPL94 is a Chinese variant of the L7, but is slightly longer, resulting in increased penetration.<br />
<br />
== Usage in battles ==<br />
''Describe the cannon/machine gun in the game - its distinctive features, tactics of usage against notable opponents. Please don't write a "guide" - do not impose a single point of view, but give the reader food for thought.''<br />
<br />
=== Pros and cons ===<br />
<!--''Summarise and briefly evaluate the weaponry in terms of its characteristics and combat effectiveness. Mark pros and cons as a list.''--><br />
<br />
'''Pros:'''<br />
<br />
* Wide selection of potent ammunition<br />
* Excellent ballistic properties<br />
* Quick reload<br />
* many nations in the game use the L7, ensuring familiarity<br />
<br />
'''Cons:'''<br />
<br />
* APDS, APFSDS HESH and HEAT-FS lose their potency when facing vehicles equipped with ERA or composite armour<br />
<br />
== History ==<br />
''Examine the history of the creation and combat usage of the weapon in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the weapon and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Weapon-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>.''<br />
<br />
== Media ==<br />
''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.''<br />
<br />
== See also ==<br />
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''<br />
<br />
* ''reference to the article about the variant of the cannon/machine gun;''<br />
* ''references to approximate analogues by other nations and research trees.''<br />
<br />
== External links ==<br />
''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''<br />
<br />
* ''topic on the official game forum;''<br />
* ''encyclopedia page on the weapon;''<br />
* ''other literature.''<br />
<br />
{{Germany tank cannons}}<br />
{{Japan tank cannons}}<br />
{{Italy tank cannons}}<br />
<br />
[[Category:Tank cannons]]</div>U29417738https://wiki.warthunder.com/index.php?title=M256_(120_mm)&diff=103134M256 (120 mm)2021-05-18T08:56:15Z<p>U29417738: /* Pros and cons */</p>
<hr />
<div>== Description ==<br />
<!--''Write an introduction to the article in 2-3 small paragraphs. Briefly tell us about the history of the development and combat using the weaponry and also about its features. Compile a list of air, ground, or naval vehicles that feature this weapon system in the game.''--><br />
The '''120 mm M256''' is an American tank cannon used in its top rank vehicles. It is most famously used by the American M1 Abrams series of tanks since its installation in the [[M1A1 Abrams]] model, though it has saw usage in older American tanks like the [[M60 AMBT|M60]] main battle tank.<br />
<br />
It is based off the [[Rh120 L/44 (120 mm)|Rheinmetall L/44 cannon]], though it is license-produced in America with a simplified design.<br />
<br />
=== Vehicles equipped with this weapon ===<br />
<!-- ''List out vehicles that are equipped with the weapon.'' --><br />
<br />
* {{Specs-Link|us_m60a3_slep}}<br />
* {{Specs-Link|us_m1a1_abrams}}<br />
* {{Specs-Link|us_m1a2_abrams}}<br />
<br />
== General info ==<br />
''Tell us about the tactical and technical characteristics of the cannon or machine gun.''<br />
<br />
=== Available ammunition ===<br />
<!-- ''Describe the shells that are available for the weapon and their features and purpose. If it concerns autocannons or machine guns, write about different ammo belts and what is inside (which types of shells).'' --><br />
<br />
'''American ammunition'''<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"<br />
! colspan="8" | Penetration statistics<br />
|-<br />
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition<br />
! rowspan="2" | Type of<br>warhead<br />
! colspan="6" | Penetration @ 0° Angle of Attack (mm)<br />
|-<br />
! 10 m !! 100 m !! 500 m !! 1,000 m !! 1,500 m !! 2,000 m<br />
|-<br />
| M830 || HEATFS || 480 || 480 || 480 || 480 || 480 || 480<br />
|-<br />
| M830A1 || HEATFS || 350 || 350 || 350 || 350 || 350 || 350<br />
|-<br />
| M829 || APFSDS || 491 || 488 || 481 || 473 || 464 || 454<br />
|-<br />
| M829A1 || APFSDS || 598 || 596 || 589 || 580 || 570 || 560<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"<br />
! colspan="10" | Shell details<br />
|-<br />
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition<br />
! rowspan="2" | Type of<br>warhead<br />
! rowspan="2" | Velocity<br>(m/s)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Projectile<br>Mass (kg)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Fuse delay<br>(m)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Fuse sensitivity<br>(mm)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Explosive Mass<br>(TNT equivalent) (g)<br />
! colspan="3" | Ricochet<br />
|-<br />
! 0% !! 50% !! 100%<br />
|-<br />
| M830 || HEATFS || 1,140 || 13.1 || 0.05 || 0.1 || 2,360 || 65° || 72° || 77°<br />
|-<br />
| M830A1 || HEATFS || 1,410 || 11.4 || 0.05 || 0.1 || 1,390 || 65° || 72° || 77°<br />
|-<br />
| M829 || APFSDS || 1,670 || 3.94 || N/A || N/A || N/A || 78° || 80° || 81°<br />
|-<br />
| M829A1 || APFSDS || 1,569 || 4.64 || N/A || N/A || N/A || 78° || 80° || 81°<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
'''Export ammunition'''<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"<br />
! colspan="8" | Penetration statistics<br />
|-<br />
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition<br />
! rowspan="2" | Type of<br>warhead<br />
! colspan="6" | Penetration @ 0° Angle of Attack (mm)<br />
|-<br />
! 10 m !! 100 m !! 500 m !! 1,000 m !! 1,500 m !! 2,000 m<br />
|-<br />
| KE-W || APFSDS || 583 || 579 || 569 || 556 || 542 || 528<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"<br />
! colspan="10" | Shell details<br />
|-<br />
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition<br />
! rowspan="2" | Type of<br>warhead<br />
! rowspan="2" | Velocity<br>(m/s)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Projectile<br>Mass (kg)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Fuse delay<br>(m)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Fuse sensitivity<br>(mm)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Explosive Mass<br>(TNT equivalent) (g)<br />
! colspan="3" | Ricochet<br />
|-<br />
! 0% !! 50% !! 100%<br />
|-<br />
| KE-W || APFSDS || 1,585 || 4 || N/A || N/A || N/A || 78° || 80° || 81°<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
=== Comparison with analogues ===<br />
<!--''Give a comparative description of cannons/machine guns that have firepower equal to this weapon.''--><br />
<br />
* [[File:Germany_flag.png|25px|link=]] [[Rh120 L/44 (120 mm)]] - The original basis of the M256, the Rh120 L/44 matches many aspects of the American gun down to the reload rate. However, the M256 is vastly superior in APFSDS penetration performance due to the M829A1 round.<br />
* [[File:Germany_flag.png|25px|link=]] [[Rh120 L/55 (120 mm)]] - An elongated version of the Rh120 L/44, the L/55 can exceed the M256 in APFSDS penetration and muzzle velocity values, but suffers in reload time.<br />
* [[File:USSR_flag.png|25px|link=]] [[2A46M-5 (125 mm)]] - This Russian cannon is the only one in the tech tree able to come close to the M256 in APFSDS performance, but is still lacking and has a longer reload time than the M256. However, all of its chemical rounds are superior compared to the HEAT-FS the M256 can fire.<br />
* [[File:Britain_flag.png|25px|link=]] [[L30A1 (120 mm)]] - This British cannon comes close to the M256 in terms of APFSDS penetrations alongside a slightly faster reload rate. However the only alternative chemical weapon is HESH, which means the gun must choose to focus in the armor-piercing capabilities of the APFSDS rounds or in the explosive powers of the HESH to do its damage.<br />
* [[File:Japan_flag.png|25px|link=]] [[Type 90 L/44 (120 mm)]] - Another license-production version of the Rh120 L/44, this Japanese cannon is severely lacking compared to the M829A1 round fired by the M256. However, the gun's weapon platform in the Type 90 tanks have autoloaders to allow a way faster firing rate compared to Rh120 and M256 tanks.<br />
* [[File:China_flag.png|25px|link=]] [[ZPT98 (125 mm)]] - Like the Russian 2A46M-5, though this Chinese cannon has a much better APFSDS round available at the cost of a longer reload and no gun-launched ATGM available.<br />
* [[File:Italy_flag.png|25px|link=]] [[OTO Breda 120/44 (120 mm)]] - This Italian tank cannon fires the fastest and hardest-hitting APFSDS round out of a 120 mm L/44 cannon, despite having similar handling characteristics as the M256.<br />
* [[File:France_flag.png|25px|link=]] [[GIAT CN120-26 F1 (120 mm)]] - This French tank cannon has slightly lower APFSDS performance than the M829A1 round, but has a reload rate of 6 seconds between round. Otherwise, performance are quite similar in terms of HEAT-FS performance.<br />
* [[File:Sweden_flag.png|25px|link=]] [[Kan Strv 122 (120 mm)]] - See Rh120 L/44 entry due to near-identical performances.<br />
<br />
== Usage in battles ==<br />
''Describe the cannon/machine gun in the game - its distinctive features, tactics of usage against notable opponents. Please don't write a "guide" - do not impose a single point of view, but give the reader food for thought.''<br />
<br />
=== Pros and cons ===<br />
<!-- ''Summarise and briefly evaluate the weaponry in terms of its characteristics and combat effectiveness. Mark pros and cons as a list.'' --><br />
<br />
'''Pros:'''<br />
<br />
* M829, KE-W (on the M60 AMBT), and M829A1 (on the M1A2 Abrams) are amongst the most powerful shells in the game, with M829A1 having the third highest penetration after the German DM53 and the Italian CL3143.<br />
* The M256 on the M1A2 Abrams has access to the high velocity, proximity-fused M830A1 {{Annotation|HEAT-MP|High-explosive anti-tank multi-purpose}} shell, enabling the M1A2 to engage helicopters and low flying aircraft with devastating (and often hilarious) results. A direct hit isn't needed either due to the large amount of explosive filler and wide blast radius.<br />
* Reload is comparable to other NATO MBTs - 7.8 seconds stock and 6 seconds with an aced crew.<br />
* Relatively wide selection of shells - 1 APFSDS shell (M829) and 1 HEAT-FS shell (M830) on the M1A1, 2 APFSDS shells (M829 and M829A1), 1 standard HEAT-FS shell (M830) and 1 HEAT-MP shell (M830A1) on the M1A2 Abrams, the M60 AMBT gets access to the powerful KE-W APFSDS shell and the M830 HEAT-FS shell.<br />
* M830A1 is the fastest HEAT based shell in the game with a muzzle velocity of 1,400 m/s.<br />
* Extremely high muzzle velocity on M829, KE-W, and M829A1 makes longe range sniping a satisfying experience - M829 has the highest muzzle velocity out of the 3 APFSDS shells available.<br />
* Great gun handling characteristics - the gun elevates towards +20 and depresses towards -10 very quickly.<br />
* Very effective stabiliser - does not stop working at high speeds.<br />
<br />
'''Cons:'''<br />
<br />
* Poor stock grind - enemy tanks are very capable of withstanding M830 HEAT-FS.<br />
* M830A1 is not effective against enemy MBTs - it only has 350 mm of chemical-based penetration.<br />
* The M256 on the M1A1 Abrams and M60 AMBT do not get access to the M829A1 APFSDS shell and the M830A1 HEAT-MP shell.<br />
* M830A1 needs to travel a certain distance to arm the fuse - unable to engage helicopters at close range, except for a direct hit.<br />
* The reload isn't very impressive compared to contemporary tanks like the Leopard 2A5/6, the Strv 122, the Ariete, and the Leclerc. An aced Challenger 2 and Challenger 2 (2F) can beat you by a full second, the Type 90 and Type 90 (B) (due to their autoloader) by a full 2 or 3 seconds, depending on your crewskill<br />
* M830A1 self-destructs at 4.5 kilometres - helicopters can engage the M1A2 way beyond that range.<br />
<br />
== History ==<br />
<!--''Examine the history of the creation and combat usage of the weapon in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the weapon and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Weapon-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>.''--><br />
In 1972, as the a replacement to the cancelled [[MBT-70]] and [[XM-803]] was beginning development by Chrysler and GM, a 120 mm smoothbore gun had been considered. However, the developing gun by West Germany was not expected to be produced in time to meet the scheduled production timeline, and so the [[M68 (105 mm)|105 mm M68]] was retained as the main armament for the upcoming design.<ref name="AbramsHunnicuttpg1">Hunnicutt 1990, p.163</ref> In 1976, during the decision on which company will receive the contract to produce the XM-1 tank, a separate decision was made for the tank to be able to accommodate a 120 mm gun in the future, either the British 120 mm rifled gun or the German smoothbore gun. On October 28th, the XM-1 designs were modified with this new requirement.<ref name="AbramsHunnicuttpg2">Hunnicutt 1990, p.190</ref> Chrysler eventually won the contract to produce the tanks, but they were armed with the [[M68A1 (105 mm)|105 mm M68A1]].<br />
[[File:M256 diagram.png|x50px|right|thumb|none|A diagram image of the M256 cannon.]]<br />
<br />
The German [[Rh120 L/44 (120 mm)|Rheinmetall 120 mm]] was eventually chosen to become the next tank armament for US tanks. Receiving a license to produce it, the Watervliet Arsenal produced the Rheinmetall cannon as the '''M256'''.<ref name="AbramsHunnicuttpg3">Hunnicutt 1990, p.224</ref> With the original Rheinmetall design considered overly complex and expensive, the M256 had been redesigned with fewer parts.<ref name="AbramsZalogapg1">Zaloga 1993, p.10</ref><br />
<br />
== Media ==<br />
''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.''<br />
<br />
== See also ==<br />
<!--''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''<br />
<br />
* ''reference to the article about the variant of the cannon/machine gun;''<br />
* ''references to approximate analogues by other nations and research trees.''--><br />
<br />
* [[Rh120 L/44 (120 mm)]] - The cannon the M256 was based off of.<br />
<br />
== External links ==<br />
<!--''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''<br />
<br />
* ''topic on the official game forum;''<br />
* ''encyclopedia page on the weapon;''<br />
* ''other literature.''--><br />
<br />
* [https://www.inetres.com/gp/military/cv/weapon/M256.html [inetres<nowiki>.com]</nowiki> Gary's Combat Vehicle Reference Guide - M256 120mm Smoothbore Gun]<br />
<br />
===References===<br />
<references /><br />
<br />
===Bibliography===<br />
<br />
* Hunnicutt, R.P. ''Abrams: A History of the American Main Battle Tank.'' Presidio Press, 1990<br />
* Zaloga, Steven. ''M1 Abrams Main Battle Tank 1982-1992.'' Osprey Publishing Ltd., 1993<br />
<br />
{{USA tank cannons}}<br />
<br />
[[Category:Tank cannons]]</div>U29417738https://wiki.warthunder.com/index.php?title=Centurion_Mk.5/1&diff=103133Centurion Mk.5/12021-05-18T08:48:51Z<p>U29417738: /* Pros and cons */</p>
<hr />
<div>{{About<br />
| about = British medium tank '''{{PAGENAME}}'''<br />
| usage = other versions<br />
| link = Centurion (Family)<br />
}}<br />
{{Specs-Card<br />
|code=uk_centurion_mk_5_raac<br />
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_Centurion Mk.5-1.jpg}}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
== Description ==<br />
<!-- ''In the description, the first part should be about the history of the creation and combat usage of the vehicle, as well as its key features. In the second part, tell the reader about the ground vehicle in the game. Insert a screenshot of the vehicle, so that if the novice player does not remember the vehicle by name, he will immediately understand what kind of vehicle the article is talking about.'' --><br />
The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a premium gift rank {{Specs|rank}} British medium tank {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced during [[Update "Hot Tracks"]] as a reward for [[Battle Pass: Season II, "Steel Centurion"]].<br />
<br />
== General info ==<br />
=== Survivability and armour ===<br />
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}<br />
<!-- ''Describe armour protection. Note the most well protected and key weak areas. Appreciate the layout of modules as well as the number and location of crew members. Is the level of armour protection sufficient, is the placement of modules helpful for survival in combat? If necessary use a visual template to indicate the most secure and weak zones of the armour.'' --><br />
<br />
'''Armour type:'''<br />
<br />
* Rolled Homogeneous Armour - hull, turret roof, external fuel tank<br />
* Cast Homogeneous Armour - turret (except roof)<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|-<br />
! '''Armour''' !! '''Front (Slope angle)''' !! '''Sides''' !! '''Rear''' !! '''Roof'''<br />
|-<br />
| Hull || 76.2 + {{annotation|50.8|Appliqué armour}} mm (58°) ''Upper glacis'' <br> 76.2 mm (47°) ''Lower glacis'' <br />
| 50.8 mm|| 38 mm || 29 mm ''Crew compartment'' <br> 8-14 mm ''Engine compartment'' <br> 5 mm ''Radiator vents''<br />
|-<br />
| Turret || 89-152 mm ''Turret front'' <br> {{annotation|Up to 300 mm|Variable thickness armour}} + {{annotation|100 mm|Hidden in mantlet}} ''Gun mantlet'' || 89 mm || 89 mm || 29-50.8 mm<br />
|-<br />
| Cupola || 152 mm || colspan="2" | 90 mm || 29 mm<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
'''Notes:'''<br />
<br />
* Road wheels - 20 mm, tracks - 20 mm<br />
* Main gun - 20 mm, machine guns - 5 mm<br />
* External fuel tank - 12.7 mm<br />
* Fenders and stowage boxes - 4 mm<br />
<br />
Your upper front glacis plate may bounce a shell or two but all side skirts have been removed. It means that HEATFS, and HESH rounds become much more effective as there is only 50.8 mm of RHA on the sides.<br />
<br />
=== Mobility ===<br />
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}<br />
<!-- ''Write about the mobility of the ground vehicle. Estimate the specific power and manoeuvrability, as well as the maximum speed forwards and backwards.'' --><br />
<br />
{{tankMobility|abMinHp=1,007|rbMinHp=575}}<br />
<br />
=== Modifications and economy ===<br />
{{Specs-Economy}}<br />
<br />
== Armaments ==<br />
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}<br />
<br />
=== Main armament ===<br />
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}<br />
<!-- ''Give the reader information about the characteristics of the main gun. Assess its effectiveness in a battle based on the reloading speed, ballistics and the power of shells. Do not forget about the flexibility of the fire, that is how quickly the cannon can be aimed at the target, open fire on it and aim at another enemy. Add a link to the main article on the gun: <code><nowiki>{{main|Name of the weapon}}</nowiki></code>. Describe in general terms the ammunition available for the main gun. Give advice on how to use them and how to fill the ammunition storage.'' --><br />
{{main|20pdr OQF Mk.I (84 mm)}}<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="5" | [[20pdr OQF Mk.I (84 mm)|84 mm 20pdr OQF Mk.I]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)<br />
|-<br />
! Mode !! Capacity !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer<br />
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced<br />
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced<br />
|-<br />
! ''Arcade''<br />
| rowspan="2" | 62 || rowspan="2" | -10°/+20° || rowspan="2" | ±180° || rowspan="2" | Two-plane || 19.0 || 26.4 || 32.0 || 35.4 || 37.7 || rowspan="2" | 8.19 || rowspan="2" | 7.25 || rowspan="2" | 6.68 || rowspan="2" | 6.30<br />
|-<br />
! ''Realistic''<br />
| 11.9 || 14.0 || 17.0 || 18.8 || 20.0<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==== Ammunition ====<br />
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"<br />
! colspan="8" | Penetration statistics<br />
|-<br />
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition<br />
! rowspan="2" | Type of<br>warhead<br />
! colspan="6" | '''Penetration @ 0° Angle of Attack (mm)'''<br />
|-<br />
! 10 m !! 100 m !! 500 m !! 1,000 m !! 1,500 m !! 2,000 m<br />
|-<br />
| Shot Mk.1 || APCBC || 232 || 229 || 216 || 201 || 187 || 173<br />
|-<br />
| Shell Mk.1 || HE || 15 || 15 || 15 || 15 || 15 || 15<br />
|-<br />
| Shot Mk.3 || APDS || 285 || 283 || 262 || 239 || 218 || 198<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"<br />
! colspan="10" | Shell details<br />
|-<br />
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition<br />
! rowspan="2" | Type of<br>warhead<br />
! rowspan="2" | Velocity<br>(m/s)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Projectile<br>Mass (kg)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Fuse delay<br>(m)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Fuse sensitivity<br>(mm)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Explosive Mass<br>(TNT equivalent) (g)<br />
! colspan="3" | Ricochet<br />
|-<br />
! 0% !! 50% !! 100%<br />
|-<br />
| Shot Mk.1 || APCBC || 1,000 || 9.1 || N/A || N/A || N/A || 48° || 63° || 71°<br />
|-<br />
| Shell Mk.1 || HE || 600 || 7.5 || 0 || 0.1 || 1,130 || 79° || 80° || 81°<br />
|-<br />
| Shot Mk.3 || APDS || 1,400 || 3.2 || N/A || N/A || N/A || 75° || 78° || 80°<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"<br />
! colspan="7" | Smoke shell characteristics<br />
|-<br />
! Ammunition<br />
! Velocity<br>(m/s)<br />
! Projectile<br>Mass (kg)<br />
! Screen radius<br>(m)<br />
! Screen deploy time<br>(s)<br />
! Screen hold time<br>(s)<br />
! Explosive Mass<br>(TNT equivalent) (g)<br />
|-<br />
| 20pdr Shell SS Mk.1 || 250 || 9.3 || 13 || 5 || 20 || 50<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==== [[Ammo racks]] ====<br />
[[File:Ammoracks_Centurion_Mk.5-1.png|right|thumb|x250px|[[Ammo racks]] of the {{PAGENAME}}]]<br />
<!-- '''Last updated: 2.5.0.47''' --><br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"<br />
|-<br />
! Full<br>ammo<br />
! 1st<br>rack empty<br />
! 2nd<br>rack empty<br />
! 3rd<br>rack empty<br />
! 4th<br>rack empty<br />
! 5th<br>rack empty<br />
|-<br />
| '''62''' || 61&nbsp;''(+1)'' || 59&nbsp;''(+3)'' || 51&nbsp;''(+11)'' || 43&nbsp;''(+19)'' || 35&nbsp;''(+27)''<br />
|-<br />
! 6th<br>rack empty<br />
! 7th<br>rack empty<br />
! 8th<br>rack empty<br />
! 9th<br>rack empty<br />
! Visual<br>discrepancy<br />
!<br />
|-<br />
| 27&nbsp;''(+35)'' || 7&nbsp;''(+55)'' || 5&nbsp;''(+57)'' || 1&nbsp;''(+61)'' || No<br />
!<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
'''Notes''':<br />
<br />
* Shells are modeled individually and disappear after having been shot or loaded.<br />
* Racks 8 and 9 are first stage ammo racks. They total 6 shells and get filled first when loading up the tank.<br />
* These racks are also emptied early: the depletion order at full capacity is 8 - 9 - 1 - 2 - etc. until 7.<br />
* Full reload speed will be realized as long as shells are available in the ready racks 8 and 9. If the ready racks are empty, a penalty to reload speed will occur.<br />
* Simply not firing when the gun is loaded will move ammo from racks 1-7 into racks 9 then 8. Firing will interrupt the restocking of the ready racks.<br />
<br />
=== Machine guns ===<br />
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|2}}<br />
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|3}}<br />
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|4}}<br />
<!-- ''Offensive and anti-aircraft machine guns not only allow you to fight some aircraft but also are effective against lightly armoured vehicles. Evaluate machine guns and give recommendations on its use.'' --><br />
{{main|M2HB (12.7 mm)|L3A1 (7.62 mm)}}<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="5" | [[M2HB (12.7 mm)|12.7 mm M2HB]]<br />
|-<br />
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal<br />
|-<br />
| Coaxial || 3,000 (200) || 577 || N/A || N/A<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="5" | [[L3A1 (7.62 mm)|7.62 mm L3A1]]<br />
|-<br />
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal<br />
|-<br />
| Pintle || 1,000 (250) || 500 || -10°/+50° || ±120°<br />
|-<br />
| Coaxial || 3,600 (250) || 500 || N/A || N/A<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
== Usage in battles ==<br />
<!-- ''Describe the tactics of playing in the vehicle, the features of using vehicles in the team and advice on tactics. Refrain from creating a "guide" - do not impose a single point of view but instead give the reader food for thought. Describe the most dangerous enemies and give recommendations on fighting them. If necessary, note the specifics of the game in different modes (AB, RB, SB).'' --><br />
<br />
Take advantage of your good gun depression of -10° and powerful 20-pdr cannon to snipe from long distances. If you want to play close quarters, use cover as much as possible since your armour is something you shouldn't rely upon. The gun stabilizer means you can shoot faster than most tanks at that BR without needing to come to a stop. The night vision is a bonus and paired with the IR spotlight on the front side of the turret the vehicle can be excellent in night battles.<br />
<br />
=== Pros and cons ===<br />
<!-- ''Summarise and briefly evaluate the vehicle in terms of its characteristics and combat effectiveness. Mark its pros and cons in a bulleted list. Try not to use more than 6 points for each of the characteristics. Avoid using categorical definitions such as "bad", "good" and the like - use substitutions with softer forms such as "inadequate" and "effective".'' --><br />
<br />
'''Pros:'''<br />
<br />
* Powerful APDS round with high velocity<br />
* Good mobility of a Centurion plus decent reverse speed<br />
* Accurate cannon with stabilizer <br />
* Extra sloped armour plate on UFP, making the frontal armour on the Mk.5/1 equal to the Centurion Mk.10<br />
* Decent frontal turret armour<br />
* Night vision for driver, gunner and commander is an uncommon feature at 7.3<br />
* Generous amount of ammunition available for the 20-pounder gun - APCBC, APDS, smoke and HE<br />
* Browning .50 calibre HBMG with 3,000 rounds as coaxially mounted machinegun - noticable upgrade over the standard British BESA machinegun<br />
* .30 calibre machinegun mounted on the roof for defense against aerial vehicles<br />
* Decent frontal turret armour, -10 gun depression and a powerful gun make the Centurion Mk.5/1 (RAAC) a powerful hulldown vehicle<br />
* Rear mounted fuel tank offer a slight increase in protection against shells aimed at your engine<br />
<br />
'''Cons:'''<br />
<br />
* Only fires solid shots without explosive filler <br />
* Weak side armour <br />
* Frontal ammo stowage (can be mitigated by bringing fewer than 30 rounds)<br />
* Low top speed<br />
* Fuel tanks over the engine deck restrict gun depression while turret is facing backwards<br />
* Unlike other Centurions, no turret mounted smoke grenade launchers<br />
* IR spotlight can give your position away when activated during nightbattles <br />
* Slow turret traverse<br />
* Gun is slow to elevate and depress<br />
* Slight loss in protection against shaped-charge munitions due to the missing sideskirts<br />
* Reverse speed of -12 kp/h is a noticable upgrade over previous British tanks, but still quite underwhelming when you need a quick getaway<br />
<br />
== History ==<br />
<!-- ''Describe the history of the creation and combat usage of the vehicle in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the vehicle and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Vehicle-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>. This section may also include the vehicle's dev blog entry (if applicable) and the in-game encyclopedia description (under <code><nowiki>=== In-game description ===</nowiki></code>, also if applicable).'' --><br />
The Royal Australian Armoured Corps (RAAC) received Centurion Mark 3 tanks in 1955. The Mark 3 Centurion introduced the 20-pounder (84 mm) gun in the completely cast turret of the Mark 2. It was the first Centurion to include a new gunsight and a two-plane stabilization system for the main gun, as well as to have replaced the coaxial 20 mm Polsten gun with a 7.92 mm BESA machine gun. Additionally, the Mark 3 introduced a more powerful version of the Meteor engine - producing 650 horsepower. The RAAC upgraded their Mark 3 tanks to the Centurion Mark 5/1 standard. The Mark 5 replaced the coaxial BESA machine gun with a 7.62 mm L3 machine gun, a version of the American M1919 Browning, and added a second L3 machine gun on the commander's cupola; a 12.7 mm L6A1 machine gun (based on the American M2HB Browning) was mounted coaxial for ranging of the 20-pounder main gun. A layer of armour was added to the upper glacis to increase frontal protection.<br />
<br />
Australian Centurion Mk 5/1 tanks of the C Squadron, 1st Armoured Regiment were deployed to Vietnam in February 1968. They were mainly used in the infantry support role due to a lack of enemy armour in the theatre. The Australian Centurions proved to have a high level of mobility during the conflict but were too heavy for most South Vietnamese bridges. Notable combats involving RAAC Centurions included defensive actions at the Coral and Balmoral firebases where RAAC Centurions were instrumental in the Australian victory. RAAC Centurions had been withdrawn from Vietnam by August 1971 and were replaced in the RAAC by the German Leopard 1 soon after. During their time in Vietnam 42 out of 58 Centurions took combat damage, of which six were irreparable. Despite this, only two Centurion crew members were killed in the conflict.<br />
<br />
While in Vietnam, Australian tank crews removed the sideskirts from around the suspension in order to prevent a buildup of muck in the suspension. A 100 gallon fuel tank was bolted onto the rear of the hull in order to increase the very limited range of the Centurion. The standard ammunition loadout for Centurions deployed in Vietnam was 62 rounds of 84 mm ammunition, 4,000 rounds of 12.7 mm ammunition, and 9,000 rounds of 7.62 mm ammunition. Some Australian Centurions had their smoke grenade launchers removed while in Vietnam.<br />
<br />
=== [[wt:en/news/7070-development-battle-pass-vehicles-centurion-mk-5-1-raac-en|Devblog]] ===<br />
Since 1951, the Royal Australian Armoured Corps has been replenished with Centurion Mk.3 and Mk.5 tanks, arriving both from the United Kingdom and other British-controlled regions. By the end of the 60s, all Centurion tanks were upgraded to the Mk.5/1 modification - among other works, the modernisation involved the installation of new sighting and commander machine guns, as well as the welding of additional armour plates, which were 50.8 mm thick, to the upper front plate of the hull. <br />
<br />
In 1965, Australia announced the introduction of its military contingent into Vietnam. For this mission, Centurion tanks were additionally equipped with night vision devices: a removable IR searchlight appeared on the front of the tower, and the driver’s, gunner's, and commander's sights all received infrared night vision devices. The final standardisation of all available Centurions took place in 1973 after the return of the Australian troops from Vietnam. The Centurion Mk.5/1 was the main battle tank of the Australian Royal Tank Corps until the 1980s, later replaced by Leopard 1 tanks.<br />
<br />
== Media ==<br />
<!-- ''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.'' --><br />
<br />
;Skins<br />
<br />
* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicleCountry=britain&vehicleType=tank&vehicleClass=medium_tank&vehicle=uk_centurion_mk_5_raac Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]<br />
<br />
;Images<br />
<gallery mode="packed" heights="150"><br />
File:Centurion Mk 5-1 RAAC WTWallpaper 01.jpg|<br />
File:Centurion Mk 5-1 RAAC WTWallpaper 02.jpg|<br />
File:Centurion Mk 5-1 RAAC WTWallpaper 03.jpg|<br />
File:Centurion Mk 5-1 RAAC WTWallpaper 04.jpg|<br />
</gallery><br />
<br />
;Videos<br />
{{Youtube-gallery|9ffyPCaxp9k|'''Battle Pass Vehicles''' discusses the {{PAGENAME}} at 04:22 - ''War Thunder Official Channel''}}<br />
<br />
== See also ==<br />
<!-- ''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''<br />
* ''reference to the series of the vehicles;''<br />
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.'' --><br />
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''<br />
<br />
* ''reference to the series of the vehicles;''<br />
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''<br />
<br />
== External links ==<br />
<!-- ''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''<br />
* ''topic on the official game forum;''<br />
* ''other literature.'' --><br />
''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''<br />
<br />
* ''topic on the official game forum;''<br />
* ''other literature.''<br />
<br />
{{Britain medium tanks}}<br />
{{Britain premium ground vehicles}}</div>U29417738https://wiki.warthunder.com/index.php?title=CV_90120&diff=102561CV 901202021-05-11T12:54:53Z<p>U29417738: /* Pros and cons */</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Specs-Card<br />
|code=sw_cv_90120<br />
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
== Description ==<br />
<!-- ''In the description, the first part should be about the history of the creation and combat usage of the vehicle, as well as its key features. In the second part, tell the reader about the ground vehicle in the game. Insert a screenshot of the vehicle, so that if the novice player does not remember the vehicle by name, he will immediately understand what kind of vehicle the article is talking about.'' --><br />
The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} Swedish light tank {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.97 "Viking Fury"]].<br />
<br />
== General info ==<br />
=== Survivability and armour ===<br />
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}<br />
<!-- ''Describe armour protection. Note the most well protected and key weak areas. Appreciate the layout of modules as well as the number and location of crew members. Is the level of armour protection sufficient, is the placement of modules helpful for survival in combat? If necessary use a visual template to indicate the most secure and weak zones of the armour.'' --><br />
<br />
The CV 90120 combines the Combat Vehicle 90's chassis with a new turret with a 120 mm CTG cannon. As a result, armour is barely present and can only withstand heavy machine gun from the front. Even autocannons can penetrate its turret and 12.7 mm machine guns can cut clean through its side armour. Also be aware, your main goal should be to not receive any enemy fire.<br />
<br />
=== Mobility ===<br />
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}<br />
<!-- ''Write about the mobility of the ground vehicle. Estimate the specific power and manoeuvrability, as well as the maximum speed forwards and backwards.'' --><br />
<br />
{{tankMobility|abMinHp=1,038|rbMinHp=593}}<br />
<br />
Despite competing against other top-tier vehicles with incredible mobility, the {{PAGENAME}} achieves incredibly high speeds on all types of terrain, even when stock. This makes it a lot easier to grind the vehicle, as most priority goes into getting the powerful m/95 round. The {{PAGENAME}} reaches speeds of just around 50 km/h quite often, and finds little to no trouble manoeuvring. Another upside is the gearbox, which allows the {{PAGENAME}} to move almost equally as fast in reverse. The vehicle is light, and due to the lack of add-on-armour compared to the prior [[Strf 9040C]], the {{PAGENAME}} is actually lighter than the 40 mm variant before it. Despite this, the tank has around 150 more horsepower, which results in good torque. Although not comparable to tanks such as the [[Strv 121]], the {{PAGENAME}} can definitively stand its own ground in poor conditions.<br />
<br />
=== Modifications and economy ===<br />
{{Specs-Economy}}<br />
<br />
== Armaments ==<br />
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}<br />
=== Main armament ===<br />
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}<br />
<!-- ''Give the reader information about the characteristics of the main gun. Assess its effectiveness in a battle based on the reloading speed, ballistics and the power of shells. Do not forget about the flexibility of the fire, that is how quickly the cannon can be aimed at the target, open fire on it and aim at another enemy. Add a link to the main article on the gun: <code><nowiki>{{main|Name of the weapon}}</nowiki></code>. Describe in general terms the ammunition available for the main gun. Give advice on how to use them and how to fill the ammunition storage.'' --><br />
{{main|CTG (120 mm)}}<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="5" | [[CTG (120 mm)|120 mm CTG]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)<br />
|-<br />
! Mode !! Capacity !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer<br />
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced<br />
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced<br />
|-<br />
! ''Arcade''<br />
| rowspan="2" | 45 || rowspan="2" | -8°/+22° || rowspan="2" | ±180° || rowspan="2" | Two-plane || 28.6 || 39.5 || 48.0 || 53.1 || 56.5 || rowspan="2" | 5.00 || rowspan="2" | 5.00 || rowspan="2" | 5.00 || rowspan="2" | 5.00<br />
|-<br />
! ''Realistic''<br />
| 17.9 || 21.0 || 25.5 || 28.2 || 30.0<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==== Ammunition ====<br />
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"<br />
! colspan="8" | Penetration statistics<br />
|-<br />
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition<br />
! rowspan="2" | Type of<br>warhead<br />
! colspan="6" | '''Penetration @ 0° Angle of Attack (mm)'''<br />
|-<br />
! 10 m !! 100 m !! 500 m !! 1,000 m !! 1,500 m !! 2,000 m<br />
|-<br />
| DM12A1 || HEATFS || 480 || 480 || 480 || 480 || 480 || 480<br />
|-<br />
| DM23 || APFSDS || 418 || 416 || 409 || 401 || 393 || 384<br />
|-<br />
| slsgr m/95 || HE || 36 || 36 || 36 || 36 || 36 || 36<br />
|-<br />
| slpprj m/95 || APFSDS || 625 || 622 || 613 || 601 || 588 || 575<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"<br />
! colspan="10" | Shell details<br />
|-<br />
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition<br />
! rowspan="2" | Type of<br>warhead<br />
! rowspan="2" | Velocity<br>(m/s)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Projectile<br>Mass (kg)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Fuse delay<br>(m)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Fuse sensitivity<br>(mm)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Explosive Mass<br>(TNT equivalent) (g)<br />
! colspan="3" | Ricochet<br />
|-<br />
! 0% !! 50% !! 100%<br />
|-<br />
| DM12A1 || HEATFS || 1,140 || 13.5 || 0.05 || 0.1 || 2,150 || 65° || 72° || 77°<br />
|-<br />
| DM23 || APFSDS || 1,680 || 4.3 || N/A || N/A || N/A || 78° || 80° || 81°<br />
|-<br />
| slsgr m/95 || HE || 736 || 17.5 || 0.1 || 0.1 || 3,540 || 79° || 80° || 81°<br />
|-<br />
| slpprj m/95 || APFSDS || 1,705 || 5.6 || N/A || N/A || N/A || 78° || 80° || 81°<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==== [[Ammo racks]] ====<br />
[[File:Ammoracks_{{PAGENAME}}.png|right|thumb|x250px|[[Ammo racks]] of the {{PAGENAME}}]]<br />
<!-- '''Last updated: 2.1.0.94''' --><br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"<br />
|-<br />
! Full<br>ammo<br />
! 1st<br>rack empty<br />
! 2nd<br>rack empty<br />
! 3rd<br>rack empty<br />
! 4th<br>rack empty<br />
! Visual<br>discrepancy<br />
|-<br />
| '''45''' || 26&nbsp;''(+19)'' || 13&nbsp;''(+32)'' || 7&nbsp;''(+38)'' || 1&nbsp;''(+44)'' || No<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
One shell is always immediately loaded into the breech upon spawning. This means there's always one shell missing from the ammunition racks.<br />
<br />
<!--==== Optics and night vision ====<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"<br />
! colspan="7" | {{PAGENAME}} [[Optics]]<br />
|-<br />
! rowspan="3" |Type of optic<br />
! rowspan="3" |Magnification<br />
! colspan="5" |[[Night Vision Devices]]<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="3" |Image Intensifier<br />
! rowspan="2" |{{Annotation|Thermal Imager<br>Resolution|The higher the resolution the clearer and more detailed the image is}}<br />
! rowspan="2" |Notes<br />
|-<br />
! {{Annotation|Resolution|The higher the resolution the clearer and more detailed the image is}}<br />
! {{Annotation|Light Mult|By how much the image intensifier amplifies the existing light, primarily useful for comparing image intensifiers}}<br />
! {{Annotation|Noise Level|How much noise is present in the image (how grainy the image is)}}<br />
|-<br />
! Gunner's Sight<br />
| X3.0 - X10.5 || - || - || - || 1200 x 800 || Thermal imager unlocked by "NVD" modification (tier 3)<br />
|-<br />
! Commander's View<br />
| X6 || - || - || - || 1200 x 800 || Thermal imager unlocked by "NVD" modification (tier 3)<br />
|-<br />
! Driver's View<br />
| X1 || 1200 x 800 || 7.0 || High || Not Fitted || Image intensifier unlocked by "NVD" modification (tier 3)<br />
|-<br />
|}--><br />
<br />
=== Machine guns ===<br />
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|2}}<br />
<!-- ''Offensive and anti-aircraft machine guns not only allow you to fight some aircraft but also are effective against lightly armoured vehicles. Evaluate machine guns and give recommendations on its use.'' --><br />
{{main|ksp 88 (12.7 mm)}}<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="5" | [[ksp 88 (12.7 mm)|12.7 mm ksp 88]]<br />
|-<br />
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal<br />
|-<br />
| Coaxial || 1,200 (200) || 577 || N/A || N/A<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
== Usage in battles ==<br />
<!-- ''Describe the tactics of playing in the vehicle, the features of using vehicles in the team and advice on tactics. Refrain from creating a "guide" - do not impose a single point of view but instead give the reader food for thought. Describe the most dangerous enemies and give recommendations on fighting them. If necessary, note the specifics of the game in different modes (AB, RB, SB).'' --><br />
As discussed in the armour section, you have minimal armour meant to withstand small arms fire and indirect shrapnel. Your playstyle should involve sitting back and maintaining overwatch of a specific area of the battlefield. Stay far away from the heat of close quarters combat as enemy tanks will have a harder time finding and killing you. With the slpprj m/95 round, you can penetrate any vehicle in the game from the front at any range (excluding areas such as the Leopard 2A5's turret cheeks). The stock DM33 round is, although powerful, somewhat lacklustre compared to m/95, but holds its own against tanks at its BR. You will just have to play more passively and know how to hit weak spots at longer ranges. Use your mobility to flank on large maps such as Maginot Line and (if you have them researched) use your powerful thermal optics to acquire and destroy a target. If the enemy is looking at you and you are too close, reposition and try to make them lose focus on you. By playing more passively and smarter than you would a normal MBT, you can make the most of this vehicle.<br />
<br />
With a reload of 5 seconds, it shares the fastest top tier reload with the aced [[Challenger 2]] and the aced [[IPM1|105 mm Abrams]], beating the [[Leclerc]] and any other tank's aced crew. This means that if you get the first shot off, and either their return shot misses or you destroy their cannon, then you can do wonders with the CV90120. It packs an INSANE amount of firepower for a light tank, dishing out 625 mm of pen every five seconds, and can by itself cripple distracted players.<br />
<br />
=== Pros and cons ===<br />
<!-- ''Summarise and briefly evaluate the vehicle in terms of its characteristics and combat effectiveness. Mark its pros and cons in a bulleted list. Try not to use more than 6 points for each of the characteristics. Avoid using categorical definitions such as "bad", "good" and the like - use substitutions with softer forms such as "inadequate" and "effective".'' --><br />
<br />
'''Pros:'''<br />
<br />
* Excellent gun and reload, with access to the slpprj m/95 round, which shares identical stats to the Italian CL3143.<br />
* Adequate mobility enabling you to get to an early game position and quickly change positions if spotted or injured.<br />
* The weak armour may reduce the amount of spalling caused by being hit by enemy shells.<br />
* Access to scouting and "Airstrike" ability (reduced spawn cost for friendlies destroying enemy tanks you scouted).<br />
* Equipped with an autoloader: reload takes place even while extinguishing a fire or if a crew member gets knocked out.<br />
* Shares the same amazing reload as the (aced) British Challenger 2.<br />
* Insane firepower for a light tank - no other light tank has access to a 120 mm gun that can penetrate over 600 mm of armour.<br />
* Outstanding optics - very high zoom and a wide FOV, with second generation thermals for both gunner and commander<br />
<br />
'''Cons:'''<br />
<br />
* Non-existent armour, can be penetrated by heavy machine guns on the side and autocannons in the front.<br />
* No top machine gun for anti-helicopter and aircraft defence.<br />
* The slpprj m/95 round is a tier IV modification and will take some time to get access to it.<br />
* Difficult to hide due to tall profile, with the "doorknob" optic on the roof of the turret.<br />
* Difficult stock grind - many tanks at your BR can withstand HEAT-FS.<br />
* Taller and longer profile than all other Strf/CV 90s .<br />
* Turret is mounted far back on the hull: needs to show the entire hull when peeking around corners.<br />
<br />
== History ==<br />
<!-- ''Describe the history of the creation and combat usage of the vehicle in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the vehicle and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Vehicle-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>. This section may also include the vehicle's dev blog entry (if applicable) and the in-game encyclopedia description (under <code><nowiki>=== In-game description ===</nowiki></code>, also if applicable).'' --><br />
'''Background'''<br />
<br />
After the [[CV 90105 TML]] project, Hägglunds began their own private venture to develop the light tank of the future. Working from their CV 90 chassis, they began tinkering with the Swiss Ordnance 120 mm Smoothbore cannon, to achieve MBT grade firepower. The design principle behind the project was that the vehicle wouldn't require armour if it had the capability to destroy targets before being fired upon. The tank was revealed in the summer of 1998 at the EUROSATORY defence exhibition in Paris. This version was a prototype however, as it took Hägglunds 3 more years to finalize the design. The vehicle would be known as the CV 90120, and is one of the most passionate projects launched by Hägglunds.<br />
[[File:CV 90120-T.jpg|thumb|CV 90120-T in low visibility summer camouflage.]]<br />
'''Design'''<br />
<br />
The CV 90120 is incredibly light for its weaponry, coming in at just below 20 tonnes excluding the weaponry. The challenge when designing the tank was transferring the recoil from a gun that size, into the chassis, without damaging the tank. The gun was specifically modified and picked for this problem. the CTG (Compact Tank Gun) 120/L50 Smoothbore managed to solve this issue thanks to the lightweight design and strong structure. The gun is semi auto-loaded from the rear of the turret, with reserve ammunition stored in the rear of the chassis, which was previously used as troop transport in the prior CV 90. Later variants, such as the CV 90120-T, the variant reflected in game, would see novel features such as generation 3 thermal imaging, along with smoke grenades, and commanders thermals provided by SAAB.<br />
<br />
'''Future development'''<br />
<br />
Hägglunds was bought by Alvis Ltd. in 1997, and later by BAE Systems in 2004. Despite this, the project has continued development. The latest version was revealed in 2011, known as the CV 90120 Ghost. This version is still being worked on, despite lacking any sort of customers. No matter the fate of the vehicle, Hägglunds seem convinced that the future of tank combat isn't survivability, but rather visibility. The CV 90120 Ghost has side-skirts capable of adapting its thermal imaging to look like something else, and the chassis is shaped to reflect radar signature. Hägglunds has made it perfectly clear what their vision on the future is, and along with the Polish PL-01 based on the same chassis, the vehicle remains a concept waiting to prove itself right.<br />
<br />
== Media ==<br />
<!-- ''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.'' --><br />
<br />
;Skins<br />
<br />
* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicleCountry=sweden&vehicleType=tank&vehicleClass=light_tank&vehicle=sw_cv_90120 Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]<br />
<br />
;Videos<br />
{{Youtube-gallery|48cZtb2k40s|'''Should You Grind The CV 90 120?''' - ''Sako Sniper''|Xme5HO8098Q|'''Swedish Doom Cannon! - CV90120''' - ''JustinPlaysYT''|YVbmeJ4HGVY|'''CV 90120 - Deadliest Light Tank In WT ATM - Tank Review''' - ''Napalmratte''|YIPHzv54GQw|'''The Shooting Range #197''' - ''Metal Beasts'' section at 00:33 discusses the CV 90120.|x4MI7OsUYsQ|'''CV 90120 The True Glass Cannon!''' - ''JustinPlaysYT''}}<br />
<br />
== See also ==<br />
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''<br />
<br />
* ''reference to the series of the vehicles;''<br />
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''<br />
<br />
== External links ==<br />
''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''<br />
<br />
* ''topic on the official game forum;''<br />
* ''other literature.''<br />
<br />
{{Sweden light tanks}}</div>U29417738https://wiki.warthunder.com/index.php?title=Chieftain_Mk_10&diff=100674Chieftain Mk 102021-04-13T08:04:03Z<p>U29417738: /* Pros and cons */</p>
<hr />
<div>{{About<br />
| about = British medium tank '''{{PAGENAME}}'''<br />
| usage = other uses<br />
| link = Chieftain (Family)<br />
}}<br />
{{Specs-Card<br />
|code=uk_chieftain_mk_10<br />
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
== Description ==<br />
<!-- ''In the description, the first part should be about the history of the creation and combat usage of the vehicle, as well as its key features. In the second part, tell the reader about the ground vehicle in the game. Insert a screenshot of the vehicle, so that if the novice player does not remember the vehicle by name, he will immediately understand what kind of vehicle the article is talking about.'' --><br />
The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} British medium tank {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.71 "New E.R.A."]].<br />
<br />
The {{PAGENAME}} is the first vehicle in the British main research tree with APFSDS ammunition, significantly improving the vehicle's gun performance once the corresponding module researched.<br />
<br />
== General info ==<br />
=== Survivability and armour ===<br />
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}<br />
<!-- ''Describe armour protection. Note the most well protected and key weak areas. Appreciate the layout of modules as well as the number and location of crew members. Is the level of armour protection sufficient, is the placement of modules helpful for survival in combat? If necessary use a visual template to indicate the most secure and weak zones of the armour.'' --><br />
<br />
'''Armour type:'''<br />
<br />
* Cast homogeneous armour (hull front, turret front half, cupola)<br />
* Rolled homogeneous armour (hull sides, hull rear, hull roof, turret rear half, turret roof, cupola roof)<br />
* Stillbrew composite armour (turret front half, turret ring - front part)<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|-<br />
! Armour !! Front !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof<br />
|-<br />
| Hull || 70-127 mm (40-79°) ''Front glacis'' <br> 76.2 mm (40-45°) ''Lower glacis'' <br> 200* mm (0-45°) ''Turret ring'' || 88-220 (8-30°) + 13 mm ''Front Top'' <br> 50 mm (1-31°) ''Center Top'' <br> 37 mm (30°) + 13 mm ''Rear Top'' <br> 37 (10°) + 13 mm ''Bottom'' || 37 mm (1-7°) || 13-28 mm<br />
|-<br />
| Turret || 125-250 + 80-150* mm (2-81°) Turret front 100-220 mm (1-53°) Gun mantlet || 45-196 mm (1-65°) || 45 mm (1°) || 50.8 mm ''Front'' <br> 25 mm ''Rear''<br />
|-<br />
| Cupola || colspan="3" style="text-align:center" | 150 mm || 25 mm<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
'''Notes:'''<br />
<br />
* Suspension wheels and tracks are 20 mm thick while bogies are 19 mm thick.<br />
* Belly armour is 16 mm of RHA.<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|-<br />
! Stillbrew armour !! Front<br />
|-<br />
| Turret ring - front part || 200 mm ''Kinetic'' <br> 200 mm ''Chemical''<br />
|-<br />
| Turret - front half || 450 mm ''Kinetic'' <br> 500 mm ''Chemical''<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
'''Notes:'''<br />
<br />
* Stillbrew armour at turret ring is pure 200 mm CHA.<br />
* Stillbrew armour on turret front is composed of 80 to 150 mm CHA + 60 mm rubber + 150 to 250 mm CHA.<br />
<br />
The {{PAGENAME}} sports identical hull armour to the earlier variants, however the turret is augmented with Stillbrew composite armour, providing near-complete frontal protection when in hull-down positioning, with the exceptions of the small area around the gun breech and a small section of visible turret ring. The Chieftain's Stillbrew package offers extremely effective protection against most kinetic rounds, with only rounds available on vehicles such as the T-80B and Type 90 able to penetrate it.<br />
<br />
The vehicle's hull armour should be considered essentially non-existent relative to the weaponry it faces; in most cases a hull shot will result in penetration.<br />
<br />
=== Mobility ===<br />
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}<br />
<!-- ''Write about the mobility of the ground vehicle. Estimate the specific power and manoeuvrability, as well as the maximum speed forwards and backwards.'' --><br />
<br />
{{tankMobility|abMinHp=1,178|rbMinHp=672}}<br />
<br />
The {{PAGENAME}}'s mobility is extremely sub-par, particularly when considering the vehicles it will face regularly - such as the [[Leopard A1A1]] or the [[AMX-30 Super]]. While the vehicle is ''technically'' capable of a maximum of 48 km/h in RB/SB, the lacklustre power and the {{PAGENAME}}'s significant weight result in this speed being essentially unattainable except in on-road downhills.<br />
<br />
As such, {{PAGENAME}} players should not rely on their mobility for anything; rather they should make their way to positions with good visibility and attempt to maintain ranged engagements only, relying on their turret armour.<br />
<br />
=== Modifications and economy ===<br />
{{Specs-Economy}}<br />
<br />
== Armaments ==<br />
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}<br />
=== Main armament ===<br />
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}<br />
<!-- ''Give the reader information about the characteristics of the main gun. Assess its effectiveness in a battle based on the reloading speed, ballistics and the power of shells. Do not forget about the flexibility of the fire, that is how quickly the cannon can be aimed at the target, open fire on it and aim at another enemy. Add a link to the main article on the gun: <code><nowiki>{{main|Name of the weapon}}</nowiki></code>. Describe in general terms the ammunition available for the main gun. Give advice on how to use them and how to fill the ammunition storage.'' --><br />
{{main|Ordnance BL Tk. L11 (120 mm)}}<br />
<br />
The L11 120 mm Rifled Cannon is reasonably competitive at the Chieftain's rank, although it does suffer from a somewhat mediocre reload time. The weapon is extremely accurate, particularly once utilising the L23 APFSDS round, and performs admirably in ranged engagements. The weapon's default APDS and HESH rounds can be used to good effect against most targets, given careful aim and target selection.<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="5" | [[Ordnance BL Tk. L11 (120 mm)|120 mm Ordnance BL Tk. L11]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)<br />
|-<br />
! Mode !! Capacity !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer<br />
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced<br />
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced<br />
|-<br />
! ''Arcade''<br />
| rowspan="2" | 53 || rowspan="2" | -10°/+20° || rowspan="2" | ±180° || rowspan="2" | Two-plane || 21.4 || 29.6 || 36.0 || 39.8 || 42.4 || rowspan="2" | 9.7 || rowspan="2" | 8.6 || rowspan="2" | 7.9 || rowspan="2" | 7.5<br />
|-<br />
! ''Realistic''<br />
| 13.4 || 15.8 || 19.1 || 21.1 || 22.5<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==== Ammunition ====<br />
The available ammunition allows for engaging all types of targets:<br />
<br />
* '''L15A3''': APDS; an armour-piercing round with a discarding sabot that has a good penetration power and no explosive filler. As it lacks post-penetration damage, the tactic with an APDS shot is to either knock out the majority of the tank's crew or to provoke ammo or fuel detonation by targeting their respective locations. This requires good knowledge of the layouts of potential opposing vehicles. Use the Protection analysis feature in the hangar menu to analyse potential foes for their weak spots! Also, keep in mind that with increased armour thickness the number of shrapnel shrinks.<br />
<br />
* '''L31A7''': HESH; a high-explosive squash head projectile works very differently from other shell types. It ignores any angle, except for ricochet, and deals damage by metal-flakes which are blown off inside the armour by the exterior explosion. To create this deadly shrapnel inside the tank, make sure to only hit armour plates which are a direct part of the interior crew compartment of the tank. Hitting exterior parts of a tank like spaced armour, the suspension, tracks etc. will not harm crew members/modules at all. Currently, only true armour thickness (as opposed to the line of sight thickness) will provide sufficient means of protection, benefiting the USSR turret designs and in general German tanks. Like all high-explosive shells, the fuse is very sensitive and can be set-off by most objects e.g. fences, trees, posts. The slow muzzle velocity of this shell can make it quite hard to hit targets at longer distances, but at the same time it can be handy because its arc trajectory allows it to land hits on enemies hiding behind shallow hills.<br />
<br />
* '''L23''': APFSDS; a kinetic dart with high penetration power capable of easily penetrating the majority of the foes it meets but without explosive filler. As it lacks post-penetration damage, the tactic with an APDS shot is to either knock out the majority of the tank's crew or to provoke ammo or fuel detonation by targeting their respective locations. This requires good knowledge of the layouts of potential opposing vehicles. Use the Protection analysis feature in the hangar menu to analyse potential foes for their weak spots! Also, keep in mind that with increased armour thickness the number of shrapnel shrinks.<br />
<br />
* '''L34''': Smoke; useful to blind enemy vehicles that are too remote for you to disable so that you can progress towards objectives.<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"<br />
! colspan="8" | Penetration statistics<br />
|-<br />
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition<br />
! rowspan="2" | Type of<br>warhead<br />
! colspan="6" | '''Penetration @ 0° Angle of Attack (mm)'''<br />
|-<br />
! 10 m !! 100 m !! 500 m !! 1,000 m !! 1,500 m !! 2,000 m<br />
|-<br />
| Shot L15A3 || APDS || 320 || 315 || 305 || 294 || 280 || 270<br />
|-<br />
| Shell L31A7 || HESH || 152 || 152 || 152 || 152 || 152 || 152<br />
|-<br />
| Shot L23 || APFSDS || 410 || 408 || 405 || 400 || 390 || 380<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"<br />
! colspan="10" | Shell details<br />
|-<br />
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition<br />
! rowspan="2" | Type of<br>warhead<br />
! rowspan="2" | Velocity<br>(m/s)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Projectile<br>Mass (kg)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Fuse delay<br>(m)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Fuse sensitivity<br>(mm)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Explosive Mass<br>(TNT equivalent) (g)<br />
! colspan="3" | Ricochet<br />
|-<br />
! 0% !! 50% !! 100%<br />
|-<br />
| Shot L15A3 || APDS || 1,370 || 7.6 || N/A || N/A || N/A || 75° || 78° || 80°<br />
|-<br />
| Shell L31A7 || HESH || 670 || 17.1 || 0.4 || 0.1 || 6,560 || 73° || 77° || 80°<br />
|-<br />
| Shot L23 || APFSDS || 1,535 || 3.89 || N/A || N/A || N/A || 76° || 77° || 80°<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"<br />
! colspan="7" | Smoke shell characteristics<br />
|-<br />
! Ammunition<br />
! Velocity<br>(m/s)<br />
! Projectile<br>Mass (kg)<br />
! Screen radius<br>(m)<br />
! Screen deploy time<br>(s)<br />
! Screen hold time<br>(s)<br />
! Explosive Mass<br>(TNT equivalent) (g)<br />
|-<br />
| L34 || 670 || 17.1 || 20 || 5 || 25 || 50<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==== [[Ammo racks]] ====<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"<br />
|-<br />
! Full<br>ammo<br />
! Ammo<br />part<br />
! 1st<br>rack empty<br />
! 2nd<br>rack empty<br />
! 3rd<br>rack empty<br />
! 4th<br>rack empty<br />
! 5th<br>rack empty<br />
! 6th<br>rack empty<br />
! 7th<br>rack empty<br />
! 8th<br>rack empty<br />
|-<br />
| '''53''' || ''Projectiles''<br />''Propellants'' || 52&nbsp;''(+1)'' <br> 48&nbsp;''(+5)'' || 48&nbsp;''(+5)'' <br> 37&nbsp;''(+16)'' || 46&nbsp;''(+7)'' <br> 20&nbsp;''(+33)'' || 43&nbsp;''(+10)'' <br> 17&nbsp;''(+36)'' || 39&nbsp;''(+14)'' <br> 11&nbsp;''(+42)'' || 37&nbsp;''(+16)'' <br> 4&nbsp;''(+49)'' || 36&nbsp;''(+17)'' <br> 1&nbsp;''(+52)'' || 35&nbsp;''(+18)'' <br> N/A<br />
|-<br />
! 9th<br>rack empty<br />
! 10th<br>rack empty<br />
! 11th<br>rack empty<br />
! 12th<br>rack empty<br />
! 13th<br>rack empty<br />
! 14th<br>rack empty<br />
! 15th<br>rack empty<br />
! 16th<br>rack empty<br />
! 17th<br>rack empty<br />
! Visual<br>discrepancy<br />
|-<br />
| 30&nbsp;''(+23)'' <br> N/A || 20&nbsp;''(+33)'' <br> N/A || 18&nbsp;''(+35)'' <br> N/A || 17&nbsp;''(+36)'' <br> N/A || 12&nbsp;''(+41)'' <br> N/A || 8&nbsp;''(+45)'' <br> N/A || 4&nbsp;''(+49)'' <br> N/A || 3&nbsp;''(+50)'' <br> N/A || 1&nbsp;''(+52)'' <br> N/A || Yes<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
[[File:Ammoracks_{{PAGENAME}}.png|right|thumb|x400px|[[Ammo racks]] of the {{PAGENAME}}]]<br />
Notes:<br />
<br />
* Like the other Chieftains, the {{PAGENAME}} uses two-piece ammunition, composed of both projectiles (yellow) and propellants (orange). Both have separate racks. Projectiles' racks can be seen on the upper part of the image while the propellants' racks can be seen on the lower part.<br />
* Like the previous Chieftains, every propellant rack is encased by 5 mm of {{Annotation|RHA|Rolled homogeneous armour}}. In case of a successful penetration, the 5 mm of RHA provide protection against shrapnel. It however may not be enough to stop a direct hit to the propellant rack.<br />
* Projectile racks 11 to 17 and propellant racks 4 to 7 are the first stage ammo racks. They total 20 shots and get filled first when loading up the tank.<br />
* Unlike the previous Chieftains, the projectile racks have visual discrepancy: the ammo racks can "''store''" more ammo than what the model suggests. For instance projectile racks 9 and 10 have such phenomenon.<br />
* So as to go into battle without any ammunition stored in the front hull, it is advised to bring 20&nbsp;''(+33)'' shells (projectile racks 1 to 10 emptied and propellant racks 1 to 3 emptied).<br />
* Projectile racks 15 and 17 are located right next to each other: rack 15 being on top of rack 17.<br />
<br />
==== Optics and night vision ====<br />
The magnification of the gunner's optics on the {{PAGENAME}} is ok, but not anything special compared to other tanks it faces. There is only a minimal difference between the default magnification and the zoomed in magnification.<br />
<br />
The Chieftain is equipped with a fairly basic night vision system, consisting of image intensifiers and an IR searchlight, there is no thermal imager. The image intensifiers are fairly standard compared to those fitted to vehicles of the same time period, they have a lower resolution and higher noise than those fitted to later vehicles.<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"<br />
! colspan="7" | {{PAGENAME}} [[Optics]]<br />
|-<br />
! rowspan="3" |Type of optic<br />
! rowspan="3" |Magnification<br />
! colspan="5" |[[Night Vision Devices]]<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="3" |Image Intensifier<br />
! rowspan="2" |{{Annotation|Thermal Imager<br>Resolution|The higher the resolution the clearer and more detailed the image is}}<br />
! rowspan="2" |Notes<br />
|-<br />
! {{Annotation|Resolution|The higher the resolution the clearer and more detailed the image is}}<br />
! {{Annotation|Light Mult|By how much the image intensifier amplifies the existing light, primarily useful for comparing image intensifiers}}<br />
! {{Annotation|Noise Level|How much noise is present in the image (how grainy the image is)}}<br />
|-<br />
! Gunner's Sight<br />
| X7.25 - X8 || 800 x 600 || 8.0 || High || Not Fitted || Image intensifier unlocked by "NVD" mod (tier 3)<br />
|-<br />
! Commander's View<br />
| X6 || 800 x 600 || 8.0 || High || Not Fitted || Image intensifier unlocked by "NVD" mod (tier 3)<br />
|-<br />
! Driver's View<br />
| X1 || 800 x 600 || 5.0 || High || Not Fitted || Image intensifier unlocked by "NVD" mod (tier 3)<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
The IR searchlight on the {{PAGENAME}} is mounted in a distinctive box on the left hand side of the turret, it has a wide beam compared to other searchlights; however due to its placement some of the turret blocks some of the light which would otherwise go to the right. In practice this slightly narrows the beam, compared to the theoretical angle listed below (it is still much wider than other searchlights though).<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"<br />
! colspan="3" | {{PAGENAME}} [[Night_Vision_Devices#Infrared_Spotlights|IR Searchlight]]<br />
|-<br />
! Max Range<br />
! Beam Width<br />
! Location / Notes<br />
|-<br />
| 1,500 m || 15.3° || Searchlight mounted in box on left hand side of turret, does not pitch up or down.<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
=== Machine guns ===<br />
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|2}}<br />
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|3}}<br />
<!--Offensive and anti-aircraft machine guns not only allow you to fight some aircraft but also are effective against lightly armoured vehicles. Evaluate machine guns and give recommendations on its use.--><br />
{{main|L37A1 (7.62 mm)|L8A1 (7.62 mm)}}<br />
<br />
The small caliber of the 7.62 machine gun makes them largely ineffective against all armoured vehicles but the ones with an open compartment or to destroy incoming ATGMs, with a bit of luck.<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="5" | [[L37A1 (7.62 mm)|7.62 mm L37A1]]<br />
|-<br />
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal<br />
|-<br />
| Pintle || 2,000 (100) || 650 || -10°/+50° || ±120°<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="5" | [[L8A1 (7.62 mm)|7.62 mm L8A1]]<br />
|-<br />
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal<br />
|-<br />
| Coaxial || 6,000 (200) || 600 || N/A || N/A<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
== Usage in battles ==<br />
<!-- ''Describe the tactics of playing in the vehicle, the features of using vehicles in the team and advice on tactics. Refrain from creating a "guide" - do not impose a single point of view but instead give the reader food for thought. Describe the most dangerous enemies and give recommendations on fighting them. If necessary, note the specifics of the game in different modes (AB, RB, SB).'' --><br />
The {{PAGENAME}} plays similarly to the Mk 3/Mk 5 - ideally taking long-ranged engagements from hull-down positions, or when forced into shorter-ranged engagements avoiding exposing the vehicle as much as possible. Fortunately, the Stillbrew addition on the Mk.10 significantly reduces the risks of exposing the turret, with the composite capable of deflecting most kinetic rounds it will face - although the armour package is not invulnerable to chemical rounds; some powerful HEAT rounds and most late ATGMs will easily punch through it. Augmenting the vehicle's ability further is the (researchable) access to L23 APFSDS, which significantly improves the L11's long range efficacy. Despite these improvements, the Chieftain still suffers from mediocre mobility and care must be taken to ensure one does not get engaged while the vehicle is moving, as the ability to quickly move into cover is often not an option.<br />
<br />
'''Specific Adversaries'''<br />
<br />
'''[[T-64B]]/[[T-80B]]:''' The Chieftain is susceptible to the T-64B and T-80B at close to medium ranges, where their highest-performance APFSDS rounds or their ATGMs are capable of punching through the Stillbrew armour. As such, when forced to engage either of these vehicles try to force mistakes by staying in cover, encouraging them to move within your firing line rather than attempting to brute-force your way through them.<br />
<br />
'''[[Leopard 2K]]:''' The Leopard 2K is a dangerous adversary due to its speed and ability to move quickly and potentially flank the Chieftain Mk.10. The Leopard ''is'' however fairly easy to destroy due to its essentially non-existent armour - although don't underestimate the ability for the sharp angles to bounce rounds.<br />
<br />
'''[[AMX-40]]:''' The AMX-40 is a threat to the Chieftain Mk.10 for similar reasons to the Leopard 2K; as with the Leopard, be wary of flanks and the power of the AMX-40's APFSDS.<br />
<br />
=== Pros and cons ===<br />
<!-- ''Summarise and briefly evaluate the vehicle in terms of its characteristics and combat effectiveness. Mark its pros and cons in a bulleted list. Try not to use more than 6 points for each of the characteristics. Avoid using categorical definitions such as "bad", "good" and the like - use substitutions with softer forms such as "inadequate" and "effective".'' --><br />
<br />
'''Pros:'''<br />
<br />
* Stillbrew composite armour makes a hull-down Chieftain essentially impervious to all but the best kinetic rounds. It is also resistant to most rank VI chemical rounds and early generation ATGMs. Due to this, the tank is a nightmare to fight with outdated tanks for many nations, as not many tanks can even scratch its turret directly to begin with<br />
* The L23 APFSDS round is very powerful and will have little trouble penetrating most vehicles at the Chieftain's rank<br />
* 10° of gun depression<br />
* Reasonably fast reload time for a 120mm with a base time of 9.5s and a best time of 7.5s<br />
* Reasonable reverse speed<br />
* Receives a Laser Rangefinder as a Tier 4 modification, the first British vehicle this is available on<br />
* Reasonable repair cost<br />
<br />
'''Cons:'''<br />
<br />
* Stillbrew composite armour does not provide particularly good chemical protection against upgraded rank VI ATGM, which means, that while it can often allow {{PAGENAME}} to ignore ATGM attacks from tanks like [[Begleitpanzer 57]], [[KPz-70]] or [[M551]] and maybe even some attacks from unskilled [[IT-1]] operator, in up-tier or against specialized rank VI ATGM tanks and tanks, which can carry advanced ATGM ( like [[BMP-1]], [[BMP-1 (DDR)]], [[BMP-2]], [[Type 89]], [[Warrior]], Etc.), the tank commander must be much more cautious<br />
* While turret is near invulnerable to shells with poor flight characteristics, it still retains a glaring weakspot in form of cupola, which can be penetrated and obliterated by almost any APHE, sometimes even from light tanks such as [[Begleitpanzer 57]], resulting in full crew knockout. Because of this, the {{PAGENAME}} is usually forced to keep their enemies away, even when going to the frontline<br />
* Very poor mobility characteristics, much slower than most medium tanks it have to face<br />
* Hull armour is negligible, comprised only of Cast Homogenous armour, which means that it is even weaker, than what it looks like<br />
* Hull penetration will often result in ammunition detonation as ammo is strewn throughout it<br />
<br />
== History ==<br />
<!-- ''Describe the history of the creation and combat usage of the vehicle in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the vehicle and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Vehicle-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>. This section may also include the vehicle's dev blog entry (if applicable) and the in-game encyclopedia description (under <code><nowiki>=== In-game description ===</nowiki></code>, also if applicable).'' --><br />
===Concept===<br />
The idea of a "universal tank" began in Britain in 1944 when Montgomery and other influential people began advocating for a more standardized tank to replace the cruiser and infantry tank classes used on the field. Efforts did not start until after World War II under the General Staff designation A45, with development starting just as the new cruiser tank [[Centurion Mk 3|Centurion]] started to enter military service. The A45 was cancelled in 1948 after development troubles and its inability to be used as a "universal" platform. Ironically, the Centurion proved to be a better "universal tank" platform than the A45.<ref name="DunstanChieftain">Dunstan Simon. ''Chieftain Main Battle Tank 1965-2003'' Great Britain: Osprey Publishing Ltd., 2003</ref><br />
<br />
===Development===<br />
The [[Centurion Mk 10|Centurion]] tank series was very successful in British and its allies' service, but the development of new Soviet armour such as the [[IS-3]] and [[T-54 (1951)|T-54/55]] caused the British tank arms race to take another leap forward. Development on the Centurion's successor began in 1951 under the name ''Medium Gun Tank No. 2''. The project's priority was gun and armour, but with mobility to be equal to the Centurion's and weight of fewer than 45 tons. The weight limit caused a program known as the Concept Study Programme to commence in order to find ways to keep the tank under that weight limit yet meet all the armour and firepower specifications. One of the concepts that came out was the usage of bagged charges, which was already in use on naval ships but was a new concept for tank ammunition. Thus, a gun using the bagged charge propellant system began development in 1954, along with a new specification by General Staff that the Medium Gun Tank No.2, now known as ''FV4201'', uses a conventional four crew tank with a turret and a better gun and armour than the Centurion. Though the [[Conqueror]] heavy tank was one such response to the firepower requirement, limited production cut that to only 200 units built.<ref name="DunstanChieftain">Dunstan Simon. ''Chieftain Main Battle Tank 1965-2003'' Great Britain: Osprey Publishing Ltd., 2003</ref><br />
<br />
The biggest bump to the firepower of the FV4201 was the recommendation of a 120 mm calibre tank cannon. Though the Conqueror used a 120 mm, the new one would incorporate more innovative features such as the bagged charges. Other design features added was the usage of a Rolls-Royce V8 engine, an auxiliary engine, an automatic gearbox, and a reclining seat for the driver. The reclining seat was a very new feature in tank design as it reduced the vehicle's hull height and thus gave it a lower profile. Leyland Motors was assigned to be the main designer for the tank despite their commitment to the Centurion production lines. The manufacturing process of the tank was decided to be cast rather than welded. In 1957, several specifications added to the FV4201 impeded its attempt to fit in the specifications. A bigger turret was designed and it mounted IR equipment for night fighting. Troops requested more frontal and turret side armour, which along with the turret change caused an increase in the tank's overall weight. A controversial decision was also made in 1957 by NATO that tanks should have multi-fuel engines. The FV4201 installed a new engine conforming to these standards in 1958, a German engine derived from a Junkers Jumo aviation engine. This extended development time since the engine compartment had to be redesigned to fit the engine, raising the total tank weight to 50 tons. The engine, designated the L60, was received with a mixed reception by the Royal Armoured Corps (RAC) and other users due to its novel features. Britain stayed as the only user of a multi-fuel engine in the Cold War as many other nations found the concept impractical and abandoned it.<ref name="DunstanChieftain">Dunstan Simon. ''Chieftain Main Battle Tank 1965-2003'' Great Britain: Osprey Publishing Ltd., 2003</ref><br />
<br />
As the FV4201 finalized its prototype stages, General Staff sent a revised specification for it. The tank was to have the firepower of the Conqueror with the mobility of the Centurion, an armour that maximizes the protection-weight ratio, a weight limit at 45 ton with a top speed of 26 mph and an operating range of 300 miles. The first wooden prototype was made in March 1959, with full prototypes ordered in June 1959 for troop trials. Vickers-Armstrong and Royal Ordnance Factory shared the manufacturing process and the first prototypes were built in January 1960. The first two prototype FV4201 was trialled in Germany alongside their new [[Leopard I|Leopard 1]]. The greatest issue with the FV4201 was the engine, which caused many failures due to vibration, a result of the flawed multi-fuel concept. Trials were delayed due to lack of parts to fix broken pieces and redesigns were requested to fix problems. After a lengthy trial period in 1962, the FV4201, now named the '''Chieftain''', was sent to the operational unit in Germany for service and combat trials. The Chieftain was finally accepted for service in 1st May 1963, despite the many faults in the design. The first deliveries of the improved and redesigned Chieftains began in mid-1965. These were the ''Chieftain Mk 1's'', which further revealed problems with the horsepower that the ''Mk 2'' was designed and sent in April 1966. The ''[[Chieftain Mk 3]]'' rolled out of the production lines in September 1969, it now weighed 53 tons and the L60 engine was producing 650 hp, still underpowered for the weight. Engine failures were still frequent and left the Chieftain with a sour note until the [[Chieftain Mk 5|Mk 5]] variant fixed these pressing issues with a new engine and NBC protection. The Mk 5 would be the main variant of the Chieftain in British service. During its production life from 1965 to 1985, a total of 2,265 Chieftains would be built by Britain, with about 1,000 used by the British Army.<ref name="DunstanChieftain">Dunstan Simon. ''Chieftain Main Battle Tank 1965-2003'' Great Britain: Osprey Publishing Ltd., 2003</ref><br />
<br />
===Service===<br />
The first British units to receive the Chieftains was the 1st and 5th Royal Tank Regiments back during the trials. The Chieftain, despite its initial engine flaws, proved to be combat-proof and could be upgraded to fit new requirements. Some of these upgrades were the addition of composite add-on armour to fight off new anti-tank technology such as the HEAT rounds. The Chieftain earned the title "most formidable tank in the world" during the 1960's Cold War period and also redefined the specifications of a "main battle tank". Its success is due to its novel main gun and heavily sloped armour, as well as satisfactory mobility and speeds able to compete with the Leopard 1. The Chieftain stayed in use by the British Army On the Rhine on the German border with the Warsaw Pact, which caused the Soviets to in turn station their best tanks such as their [[T-64A (1971)|T-64's]] against the Chieftains. The British retained the Chieftains all the way until 1997, when it was replaced by the Challenger II, initially being used in addition to Challenger I.<br />
<br />
The Chieftain was also successful in the export market, primarily in the Middle East to the hands of Iran, Jordan, Kuwait, and Oman. Another user of the Chieftain was Israel, with Britain initially agreeing to help set up production for locally produced Chieftains. Two Chieftains were sent for trials among the Israeli Defense Force in 1967. After two years of trials and deliberation for the acquirement of the Chieftains, Britain ultimately refused to offer the Israelis the Chieftain for political reasons. The Israeli trials benefit Britain with data on desert combat with the Chieftain, however, and the refusal did jump start Israel's tank program that would become the ''Merkava''.<br />
<br />
Despite that, sales to the Middle East soared, with Iran being the major buyer of the Chieftains with at least 887 of mostly the MK3 and MK5 variants sent to them before their revolution in 1979. The Chieftain saw prolonged combat in the Middle East in the Iran-Iraq War, including Operation Nasr which was the largest tank vs. tank battle of the war where the Iranian Chieftains and [[M60A1 (AOS)|M60A1 Pattons]] fought against the Iraqi [[T-62]]s. After that war, the Chieftain in Kuwait then saw combat fighting the Iraqis during their invasion in 1990. Kuwait eventually replaced their Chieftains with the Yugoslavian M-84 tanks, which are a variant of the Soviet T-72s.<br />
<br />
The Chieftain is still in service Iran, Jordan, and Oman in varying numbers, about 100 in Iran, 350 in Jordan, and 27 in Oman. The Chieftains underwent local upgrades to keep them up to date against a modern threat, which resulted in the Iran ''Mobarez'' Chieftain upgrade.<br />
<br />
===Legacy===<br />
The Chieftain helped revolutionize tank design with its innovative features. The most important was the reclining driver seat, which allowed the tank to have a lower profile as the driver was now that highest part of the hull in tank design. It also had the most powerful NATO tank armament in service until the advent of the German Rheinmetall 120 mm, which came about two decades later. Chieftain can be considered the definitive main battle tank of the 1960s and help transition the path between second-generation main battle tanks and the third.<br />
<br />
== Media ==<br />
<!-- ''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.'' --><br />
<br />
;Skins<br />
<br />
* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicleCountry=britain&vehicleType=tank&vehicleClass=medium_tank&vehicle=uk_chieftain_mk_10 Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]<br />
<br />
;Videos<br />
{{Youtube-gallery|lAW5l2qvPZs|'''{{PAGENAME}}: Come at me Bro!!!''' - ''Napalmratte''|F9_TT9_uPEg|'''{{PAGENAME}} Tank Review''' - ''NUSensei''|D3OF9IvtHLk|'''Tank Chats #34: Chieftain''' - ''The Tank Museum''}}<br />
<br />
== See also ==<br />
<!-- ''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''<br />
* ''reference to the series of the vehicles;''<br />
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.'' --><br />
<br />
;Vehicles equipped with the same chassis<br />
<br />
* [[Chieftain (Family)]]<br />
<br />
;Other vehicles of similar configuration and role<br />
<br />
* [[M48 Super]]<br />
* [[T-55AM-1]]<br />
<br />
== External links ==<br />
<!-- ''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''<br />
* ''topic on the official game forum;''<br />
* ''encyclopedia page on the tank;''<br />
* ''other literature.'' --><br />
<br />
* [[wt:en/news/4946-development-chieftain-mk-10-dressing-up-for-war-en|[Devblog] Chieftain Mk.10: Dressing Up for War]]<br />
* [[wikipedia:Chieftain_(tank)|[Wikipedia] Chieftain (tank)]]<br />
* [[wikipedia:Stillbrew_armour|[Wikipedia] Stillbrew armour]]<br />
* [https://tanks-encyclopedia.com/coldwar/UK/chieftain.php <nowiki>[Tanks Encyclopedia]</nowiki> FV4201 Chieftain]<br />
* [https://www.militaryfactory.com/armor/detail.asp?armor_id=83 <nowiki>[Military Factory]</nowiki> Chieftain MBT]<br />
<br />
=== References ===<br />
<references /><br />
<br />
{{Britain medium tanks}}</div>U29417738https://wiki.warthunder.com/index.php?title=M3A3_Bradley&diff=98928M3A3 Bradley2021-03-23T10:26:03Z<p>U29417738: /* Pros and cons */</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Specs-Card<br />
|code=us_m3a3_bradley<br />
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
== Description ==<br />
<!-- ''In the description, the first part should be about the history of the creation and combat usage of the vehicle, as well as its key features. In the second part, tell the reader about the ground vehicle in the game. Insert a screenshot of the vehicle, so that if the novice player does not remember the vehicle by name, he will immediately understand what kind of vehicle the article is talking about.'' --><br />
The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} American light tank {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update "Ixwa Strike"]]. The M3A3 variant differs mainly from the M3 Bradley by its laser rangefinder, its APFSDS belt for the 25 mm cannon and more powerful TOW missiles.<br />
<br />
== General info ==<br />
=== Survivability and armour ===<br />
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}<br />
<!-- ''Describe armour protection. Note the most well protected and key weak areas. Appreciate the layout of modules as well as the number and location of crew members. Is the level of armour protection sufficient, is the placement of modules helpful for survival in combat? If necessary use a visual template to indicate the most secure and weak zones of the armour.'' --><br />
''Describe armour protection. Note the most well protected and key weak areas. Appreciate the layout of modules as well as the number and location of crew members. Is the level of armour protection sufficient, is the placement of modules helpful for survival in combat? If necessary use a visual template to indicate the most secure and weak zones of the armour.''<br />
<br />
'''Armour type:''' <!-- The types of armour present on the vehicle and their general locations --><br />
<!-- Example: * Rolled homogeneous armour (Front, Side, Rear, Hull roof)<br />
* Cast homogeneous armour (Turret, Transmission area) --><br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|-<br />
! Armour !! Front (Slope angle) !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof<br />
|-<br />
| Hull || ___ mm || ___ mm ''Top'' <br> ___ mm ''Bottom'' || ___ mm || ___ - ___ mm<br />
|-<br />
| Turret || ___ - ___ mm ''Turret front'' <br> ___ mm ''Gun mantlet'' || ___ - ___ mm || ___ - ___ mm || ___ - ___ mm<br />
|-<br />
| Cupola || ___ mm || ___ mm || ___ mm || ___ mm<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
'''Notes:''' <!-- Any additional notes which the user needs to be aware of --><br />
<!-- Example: * Suspension wheels are 20 mm thick, tracks are 30 mm thick, and torsion bars are 60 mm thick. --><br />
<br />
=== Mobility ===<br />
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}<br />
<!-- ''Write about the mobility of the ground vehicle. Estimate the specific power and manoeuvrability, as well as the maximum speed forwards and backwards.'' --><br />
<br />
{{tankMobility|abMinHp=942|rbMinHp=538}}<br />
<br />
=== Modifications and economy ===<br />
{{Specs-Economy}}<br />
<br />
== Armaments ==<br />
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}<br />
=== Main armament ===<br />
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|2}}<br />
<!-- ''Give the reader information about the characteristics of the main gun. Assess its effectiveness in a battle based on the reloading speed, ballistics and the power of shells. Do not forget about the flexibility of the fire, that is how quickly the cannon can be aimed at the target, open fire on it and aim at another enemy. Add a link to the main article on the gun: <code><nowiki>{{main|Name of the weapon}}</nowiki></code>. Describe in general terms the ammunition available for the main gun. Give advice on how to use them and how to fill the ammunition storage.'' --><br />
{{main|M242 (25 mm)}}<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="6" | [[M242 (25 mm)|25 mm M242]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)<br />
|-<br />
! Mode !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer<br />
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced<br />
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced<br />
|-<br />
! ''Arcade''<br />
| rowspan="2" | 1,500 (300) || rowspan="2" | 201 || rowspan="2" | -9°/+59° || rowspan="2" | ±180° || rowspan="2" | Two-plane || 57.1 || 79.1 || 96.0 || 106.2 || 112.9 || rowspan="2" | 0.26 || rowspan="2" | 0.23 || rowspan="2" | 0.21 || rowspan="2" | 0.20<br />
|-<br />
! ''Realistic''<br />
| 35.7 || 42.0 || 51.0 || 56.4 || 60.0<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==== Ammunition ====<br />
<br />
* '''Default:''' {{Annotation|APDS|Armour-piercing discarding sabot}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEI-T*|High-explosive incendiary tracer (self-destroying)}}<br />
* '''M791:''' {{Annotation|APDS|Armour-piercing discarding sabot}}{{-}}{{Annotation|APDS|Armour-piercing discarding sabot}}{{-}}{{Annotation|APDS|Armour-piercing discarding sabot}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEI-T*|High-explosive incendiary tracer (self-destroying)}}<br />
* '''M919:''' {{Annotation|APFSDS|Armour-piercing fin-stabilized discarding sabot}}<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"<br />
! colspan="7" | Penetration statistics<br />
|-<br />
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Belt<br />
! colspan="6" | Penetration @ 0° Angle of Attack (mm)<br />
|-<br />
! 10 m !! 100 m !! 500 m !! 1,000 m !! 1,500 m !! 2,000 m<br />
|-<br />
| Default || 81 || 80 || 76 || 70 || 66 || 61<br />
|-<br />
| M791 || 81 || 80 || 76 || 70 || 66 || 61<br />
|-<br />
| M919 || 101 || 100 || 97 || 93 || 89 || 85<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"<br />
! colspan="10" | Belt details<br />
|-<br />
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Belt<br />
! rowspan="2" | Type of<br>warhead<br />
! rowspan="2" | Velocity<br>(m/s)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Projectile<br>Mass (kg)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Fuse delay<br>(m)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Fuse sensitivity<br>(mm)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Explosive Mass<br>(TNT equivalent) (g)<br />
! colspan="3" | Ricochet<br />
|-<br />
! 0% !! 50% !! 100%<br />
|-<br />
| M919 || APFSDS || 1,385 || 0.1 || N/A || N/A || N/A || 78° || 80° || 81°<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==== [[Ammo racks]] ====<br />
<!-- [[File:Ammoracks_{{PAGENAME}}.png|right|thumb|x250px|[[Ammo racks]] of the {{PAGENAME}}]] --><br />
<!-- '''Last updated:''' --><br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"<br />
|-<br />
! Full<br>ammo<br />
! 1st<br>rack empty<br />
! 2nd<br>rack empty<br />
! 3rd<br>rack empty<br />
! 4th<br>rack empty<br />
! 5th<br>rack empty<br />
! 6th<br>rack empty<br />
! Visual<br>discrepancy<br />
|-<br />
| '''5''' || __&nbsp;''(+__)'' || __&nbsp;''(+__)'' || __&nbsp;''(+__)'' || __&nbsp;''(+__)'' || __&nbsp;''(+__)'' || __&nbsp;''(+__)'' || __<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
=== Additional armament ===<br />
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}<br />
<!-- ''Some tanks are armed with several guns in one or more turrets. Evaluate the additional weaponry and give advice on its use. Describe the ammunition available for additional weaponry. Give advice on about how to use them and how to fill the ammunition storage. If there is no additional weaponry remove this subsection.'' --><br />
{{main|BGM-71 TOW}}<br />
''Some tanks are armed with several guns in one or more turrets. Evaluate the additional weaponry and give advice on its use. Describe the ammunition available for additional weaponry. Give advice on about how to use them and how to fill the ammunition storage. If there is no additional weaponry remove this subsection.''<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="4" | [[BGM-71 TOW]] missile || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)<br />
|-<br />
! Capacity (Belt) !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer<br />
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced<br />
|-<br />
| 12 (2) || -19°/+29° || N/A || N/A || _.__ || _.__ || _.__ || _.__<br />
|-<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==== Ammunition ====<br />
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"<br />
! colspan="8" | Penetration statistics<br />
|-<br />
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition<br />
! rowspan="2" | Type of<br>warhead<br />
! colspan="6" | Penetration @ 0° Angle of Attack (mm)<br />
|-<br />
! 10 m !! 100 m !! 500 m !! 1,000 m !! 1,500 m !! 2,000 m<br />
|-<br />
| TOW-2 || ATGM || 800 || 800 || 800 || 800 || 800 || 800<br />
|-<br />
| TOW-2B || ATGM || 430 || 430 || 430 || 430 || 430 || 430<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"<br />
! colspan="10" | Shell details<br />
|-<br />
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition<br />
! rowspan="2" | Type of<br>warhead<br />
! rowspan="2" | Velocity<br>(m/s)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Projectile<br>Mass (kg)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Fuse delay<br>(m)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Fuse sensitivity<br>(mm)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Explosive Mass<br>(TNT equivalent) (g)<br />
! colspan="3" | Ricochet<br />
|-<br />
! 0% !! 50% !! 100%<br />
|-<br />
| TOW-2 || ATGM || 329 || 21.4 || 0 || 0.01 || 3,130 || 80° || 82° || 90°<br />
|-<br />
| TOW-2B || ATGM || 309 || 22.6 || 0 || 0.01 || 4,100 || 80° || 82° || 90°<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==== [[Ammo racks]] ====<br />
<!-- [[File:Ammoracks_{{PAGENAME}}.png|right|thumb|x250px|[[Ammo racks]] of the {{PAGENAME}}]] --><br />
<!-- '''Last updated:''' --><br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"<br />
|-<br />
! Full<br>ammo<br />
! 1st<br>rack empty<br />
! 2nd<br>rack empty<br />
! 3rd<br>rack empty<br />
! 4th<br>rack empty<br />
! 5th<br>rack empty<br />
! 6th<br>rack empty<br />
! Visual<br>discrepancy<br />
|-<br />
| '''6''' || __&nbsp;''(+__)'' || __&nbsp;''(+__)'' || __&nbsp;''(+__)'' || __&nbsp;''(+__)'' || __&nbsp;''(+__)'' || __&nbsp;''(+__)'' || __<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
=== Machine guns ===<br />
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|3}}<br />
<!-- ''Offensive and anti-aircraft machine guns not only allow you to fight some aircraft but also are effective against lightly armoured vehicles. Evaluate machine guns and give recommendations on its use.'' --><br />
{{main|M240 (7.62 mm)}}<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="5" | [[M240 (7.62 mm)|7.62 mm M240]]<br />
|-<br />
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal<br />
|-<br />
| Coaxial || 4,400 (200) || 941 || N/A || N/A<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
== Usage in battles ==<br />
<!-- ''Describe the tactics of playing in the vehicle, the features of using vehicles in the team and advice on tactics. Refrain from creating a "guide" - do not impose a single point of view but instead give the reader food for thought. Describe the most dangerous enemies and give recommendations on fighting them. If necessary, note the specifics of the game in different modes (AB, RB, SB).'' --><br />
''Describe the tactics of playing in the vehicle, the features of using vehicles in the team and advice on tactics. Refrain from creating a "guide" - do not impose a single point of view but instead give the reader food for thought. Describe the most dangerous enemies and give recommendations on fighting them. If necessary, note the specifics of the game in different modes (AB, RB, SB).''<br />
<br />
=== Pros and cons ===<br />
<!-- ''Summarise and briefly evaluate the vehicle in terms of its characteristics and combat effectiveness. Mark its pros and cons in a bulleted list. Try not to use more than 6 points for each of the characteristics. Avoid using categorical definitions such as "bad", "good" and the like - use substitutions with softer forms such as "inadequate" and "effective".'' --><br />
<br />
'''Pros:'''<br />
<br />
* Access to a full belt of 25 mm APFSDS shells - higher consistent performance against (the sides of) enemy vehicles than the M3 Bradley's mixed APDS/HEI-T belts<br />
* Access to the fast travelling TOW-2B top-attack missile - capable of penetrating the weak top armour of enemy tanks, and targeting vehicles that are hiding behind cover<br />
* Access to excellent 2nd generation gunner's thermals and CITV<br />
* Respectable reverse of -13 km/h<br />
* Scouting ability<br />
* Can use the engine smoke system mechanic - deployment of a smoke screen by using the engine and its fuel<br />
* Good mobility<br />
* Can engage enemy aerial vehicles with the main gun due to +59 degrees of gun elevation<br />
* -9 gun depression and a small turret mean you can effectively use hull down tactics<br />
* Laser rangefinder for the main gun<br />
* Great zoom of 4.0x - 12.0x and a good sight FOV of 18-6<br />
* The TOW-2B missiles, scouting mechanic and excellent thermals make the M3A3 very effective even at top tier<br />
* More armour than the M3 Bradley, can absorb up to 30 mm APDS (as fired by, for example, the BMP-2) in some places at range<br />
* Quick turret traverse<br />
* Decent reactive mobility<br />
* Shreds light vehicles and lightly armoured MBTs with the APFSDS belt<br />
<br />
'''Cons:'''<br />
<br />
* Slightly less mobile and less willing to accelerate than the preceding M3 Bradley, due to the increase in weight<br />
* Continuously firing the main gun increases dispersion, thereby reducing accuracy<br />
* Low rate of fire for the main gun<br />
* Cannot fire missiles while moving at a speed greater than 4 km/h<br />
* Missile launchers take some time to deploy<br />
* Cannot reliably engage enemy MBTs from the front with 25 mm APFSDS<br />
* Infrared countermeasures (as found on the French AMX-30B2 BRENUS and Russian T-90A) will knock the missiles off course<br />
* Despite the increase in armour over the regular M3, the armour is still thin and only 3 crewmembers - low survivability<br />
* Missiles can be detonated when hit by enemy fire, even while still in the launcher<br />
* Tall profile<br />
* Enemy vehicles equipped with thermals can see through ESS<br />
<br />
== History ==<br />
<!-- ''Describe the history of the creation and combat usage of the vehicle in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the vehicle and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Vehicle-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>. This section may also include the vehicle's dev blog entry (if applicable) and the in-game encyclopedia description (under <code><nowiki>=== In-game description ===</nowiki></code>, also if applicable).'' --><br />
=== [[wt:en/news/7048-development-m3a3-bradley-the-upgraded-warhorse-en|Devblog]] ===<br />
Following the Gulf War of the early 1990's, US engineers developed a new modification of the widely used M3 Bradley in order to incorporate improvements derived from the operational experience gained during the conflict. As such, the Bradley received numerous upgrades to its electronic systems, including a new fire control system, a laser rangefinder and thermal imaging for the commander along with other improvements to the vehicle's protection and firepower.<br />
<br />
The M3A3 modification of the Bradley started being shipped to the first U.S. Army units in 1998 with the first vehicles officially entering service in 2000. By late 2010, well over 3,300 Bradleys were converted to the A3 standard and the vehicle continues serving as one of the cornerstones of the U.S. armored units today.<br />
<br />
== Media ==<br />
<!-- ''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.'' --><br />
<br />
<gallery mode="packed" heights="150"><br />
File:M3A3 Bradley WTWallpaper 01.jpg|<br />
File:M3A3 Bradley WTWallpaper 02.jpg|<br />
File:M3A3 Bradley WTWallpaper 03.jpg|<br />
File:M3A3 Bradley WTWallpaper 04.jpg|<br />
File:M3A3 Bradley WTWallpaper 05.jpg|<br />
File:M3A3 Bradley WTWallpaper 06.jpg|<br />
File:M3A3 Bradley WTWallpaper 07.jpg|<br />
</gallery><br />
<br />
== See also ==<br />
<!-- ''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''<br />
* ''reference to the series of the vehicles;''<br />
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.'' --><br />
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''<br />
<br />
* ''reference to the series of the vehicles;''<br />
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''<br />
<br />
== External links ==<br />
<!-- ''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''<br />
* ''topic on the official game forum;''<br />
* ''other literature.'' --><br />
''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''<br />
<br />
* ''topic on the official game forum;''<br />
* ''other literature.''<br />
<br />
{{USA light tanks}}<br />
[[Category:ATGM vehicles]]</div>U29417738https://wiki.warthunder.com/index.php?title=ADATS_(M113)&diff=98927ADATS (M113)2021-03-23T10:22:07Z<p>U29417738: /* Pros and cons */</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Specs-Card<br />
|code=uk_adats_m113a3<br />
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
== Description ==<br />
<!-- ''In the description, the first part should be about the history of the creation and combat usage of the vehicle, as well as its key features. In the second part, tell the reader about the ground vehicle in the game. Insert a screenshot of the vehicle, so that if the novice player does not remember the vehicle by name, he will immediately understand what kind of vehicle the article is talking about.'' --><br />
The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} British tank destroyer {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update "Hot Tracks"]].<br />
<br />
== General info ==<br />
=== Survivability and armour ===<br />
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}<br />
<!-- ''Describe armour protection. Note the most well protected and key weak areas. Appreciate the layout of modules as well as the number and location of crew members. Is the level of armour protection sufficient, is the placement of modules helpful for survival in combat? If necessary use a visual template to indicate the most secure and weak zones of the armour.'' --><br />
''Describe armour protection. Note the most well protected and key weak areas. Appreciate the layout of modules as well as the number and location of crew members. Is the level of armour protection sufficient, is the placement of modules helpful for survival in combat? If necessary use a visual template to indicate the most secure and weak zones of the armour.''<br />
<br />
'''Armour type:''' <!-- The types of armour present on the vehicle and their general locations --><br />
<!-- Example: * Rolled homogeneous armour (Front, Side, Rear, Hull roof)<br />
* Cast homogeneous armour (Turret, Transmission area) --><br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|-<br />
! Armour !! Front (Slope angle) !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof<br />
|-<br />
| Hull || ___ mm || ___ mm ''Top'' <br> ___ mm ''Bottom'' || ___ mm || ___ - ___ mm<br />
|-<br />
| Turret || ___ - ___ mm ''Turret front'' <br> ___ mm ''Gun mantlet'' || ___ - ___ mm || ___ - ___ mm || ___ - ___ mm<br />
|-<br />
| Cupola || ___ mm || ___ mm || ___ mm || ___ mm<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
'''Notes:''' <!-- Any additional notes which the user needs to be aware of --><br />
<!-- Example: * Suspension wheels are 20 mm thick, tracks are 30 mm thick, and torsion bars are 60 mm thick. --><br />
<br />
=== Mobility ===<br />
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}<br />
<!-- ''Write about the mobility of the ground vehicle. Estimate the specific power and manoeuvrability, as well as the maximum speed forwards and backwards.'' -->{{tankMobility|abMinHp=396|rbMinHp=247}}<br />
<br />
=== Modifications and economy ===<br />
{{Specs-Economy}}<br />
<br />
== Armaments ==<br />
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}<br />
=== Main armament ===<br />
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}<br />
<!-- ''Give the reader information about the characteristics of the main gun. Assess its effectiveness in a battle based on the reloading speed, ballistics and the power of shells. Do not forget about the flexibility of the fire, that is how quickly the cannon can be aimed at the target, open fire on it and aim at another enemy. Add a link to the main article on the gun: <code><nowiki>{{main|Name of the weapon}}</nowiki></code>. Describe in general terms the ammunition available for the main gun. Give advice on how to use them and how to fill the ammunition storage.'' --><br />
{{main|MIM146}}<br />
''Give the reader information about the characteristics of the main gun. Assess its effectiveness in a battle based on the reloading speed, ballistics and the power of shells. Do not forget about the flexibility of the fire, that is how quickly the cannon can be aimed at the target, open fire on it and aim at another enemy. Add a link to the main article on the gun: <code><nowiki>{{main|Name of the weapon}}</nowiki></code>. Describe in general terms the ammunition available for the main gun. Give advice on how to use them and how to fill the ammunition storage.''<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="5" | [[MIM146]] missile || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)<br />
|-<br />
! Mode !! Capacity !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer<br />
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced<br />
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced<br />
|-<br />
! ''Arcade''<br />
| rowspan="2" | 8 || rowspan="2" | 0°/+85° || rowspan="2" | ±180° || rowspan="2" | N/A || __._ || __._ || __._ || __._ || __._ || rowspan="2" | _.__ || rowspan="2" | _.__ || rowspan="2" | _.__ || rowspan="2" | _.__<br />
|-<br />
! ''Realistic''<br />
| __._ || __._ || __._ || __._ || __._<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==== Ammunition ====<br />
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"<br />
! colspan="8" | Penetration statistics<br />
|-<br />
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition<br />
! rowspan="2" | Type of<br>warhead<br />
! colspan="6" | '''Penetration @ 0° Angle of Attack (mm)'''<br />
|-<br />
! 10 m !! 100 m !! 500 m !! 1,000 m !! 1,500 m !! 2,000 m<br />
|-<br />
| MIM146 || ATGM || 900 || 900 || 900 || 900 || 900 || 900 <br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"<br />
! colspan="11" | Shell details<br />
|-<br />
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition<br />
! rowspan="2" | Type of<br>warhead<br />
! rowspan="2" | Velocity<br>(m/s)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Range<br>(m)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Projectile<br>Mass (kg)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Fuse delay<br>(m)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Fuse sensitivity<br>(mm)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Explosive Mass<br>(TNT equivalent) (g)<br />
! colspan="3" | Ricochet<br />
|-<br />
! 0% !! 50% !! 100%<br />
|-<br />
| MIM146 || ATGM || 1,200 || 10,000 || 51.0 || 0 || 0.1 || 7,860 || 80° || 82° || 90°<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==== [[Ammo racks]] ====<br />
<!-- [[File:Ammoracks_{{PAGENAME}}.png|right|thumb|x250px|[[Ammo racks]] of the {{PAGENAME}}]] --><br />
<!-- '''Last updated:''' --><br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"<br />
|-<br />
! Full<br>ammo<br />
! Visual<br>discrepancy<br />
|-<br />
| '''8''' || No<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
== Usage in battles ==<br />
<!-- ''Describe the tactics of playing in the vehicle, the features of using vehicles in the team and advice on tactics. Refrain from creating a "guide" - do not impose a single point of view but instead give the reader food for thought. Describe the most dangerous enemies and give recommendations on fighting them. If necessary, note the specifics of the game in different modes (AB, RB, SB).'' --><br />
''Describe the tactics of playing in the vehicle, the features of using vehicles in the team and advice on tactics. Refrain from creating a "guide" - do not impose a single point of view but instead give the reader food for thought. Describe the most dangerous enemies and give recommendations on fighting them. If necessary, note the specifics of the game in different modes (AB, RB, SB).''<br />
<br />
=== Pros and cons ===<br />
<!-- ''Summarise and briefly evaluate the vehicle in terms of its characteristics and combat effectiveness. Mark its pros and cons in a bulleted list. Try not to use more than 6 points for each of the characteristics. Avoid using categorical definitions such as "bad", "good" and the like - use substitutions with softer forms such as "inadequate" and "effective".'' --><br />
<br />
'''Pros:'''<br />
<br />
* Has 8 multi purpose missiles that can destroy both tanks and aircraft<br />
* Missiles can penetrate 900 mm of armour<br />
* Missiles have a range of 10 km<br />
* One of the fastest missiles in the game (1,200 m/s)<br />
* Missiles aren't affected by infrared APS such as on [[T-90A]] or [[AMX-30B2 BRENUS]]<br />
* Lower profile than the American [[ADATS]] - especially with the radar folded down<br />
* Far easier to use and more effective in the AA role than its predecessor, the [[Stormer HVM]]<br />
* Missile launchers can elevate higher than the ones on the American ADATS<br />
* Missiles are armed with a proximity fuse, meaning a direct hit isn't needed to down an aircraft<br />
<br />
'''Cons:'''<br />
<br />
* Really fragile, can be penetrated by autocannons and high-calibre machine guns<br />
* Long antennas might give your position<br />
* Just -4 degrees of gun depression <br />
* Lacks the 25 mm gun found on the American ADATS<br />
* Smoke launchers are mounted on the front of the vehicle - hull must face the direction of smokescreen deployment<br />
* The M113 chassis has a low hp/ton ratio - mobility is severely reduced off-road, in mud, snow, and sand<br />
* No ESS<br />
* Low reactive mobility<br />
* Only 8 missiles - after these are used they must be reloaded on a capture point which takes quite some time<br />
* Missiles need to travel a certain distance to arm the fuze - unable to engage enemy aerial vehicles at close range, except for a direct hit<br />
<br />
== History ==<br />
<!-- ''Describe the history of the creation and combat usage of the vehicle in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the vehicle and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Vehicle-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>. This section may also include the vehicle's dev blog entry (if applicable) and the in-game encyclopedia description (under <code><nowiki>=== In-game description ===</nowiki></code>, also if applicable).'' -->The ADATS (M113) was a Canadian-operated anti-aircraft and anti-tank missile carrier system, designed to engage both ground and air targets. Developed in the early 1970s by Oerlikon-Buhrle (now part of Rheinmetall), the AA system failed to see service with the countries it was intended for, namely the United States. However, the Canadian armed forces procured 36 ADATs vehicles based on the M113 chassis, which served with the Canadian army as anti-aircraft systems until their withdrawal in 2007.<br />
<br />
=== Design and Development ===<br />
In the early 1970s, Oerlikon-Buhrle began the process of developing a new vehicle, designed for both anti-tank and anti-aircraft defence. This vehicle would later become the ADATs. In 1979, Martin-Marietta joined the design process. The vehicle was designed to compete in the FAAD (Forward Area Air Defence) competition for the US Department of Defence, which wished to replace it’s interim [[M163]]/M167 Vulcan Anti-Aircraft guns and the MIM-72 Corporal anti-aircraft systems. The ADATS ended up winning the competition, beating out competitors including the Franco-German-designed Roland.<br />
<br />
However, the ADATs encountered a number of critical issues with it’s operability. Namely, it had an extremely high mechanical failure rate resulting in a very low operational readiness. And, in 1990, the Cold War ended; that was the final straw for the ADATS. As a result, the US DoD cancelled the ADATS program, after almost five billion dollars of funding. Despite this, the Canadian government ordered the ADATS for their Low Level Air Defence (LLAD) program, spending 1.09 billion dollars to purchase 36 ADATS vehicles along with the necessary equipment.<br />
<br />
The ADATS was highly unique in that it was designed for both anti-air and anti-ground defence. Based on the M113 APC chassis, the weapon system was composed of eight ADATS missiles, along with a search radar and laser missile director. The Canadian version was not fitted with the M242 Bushmaster cannon fitted to American ADATS SPAAs. The missiles themselves were laser-guided, and had a combined HEAT/HE-Frag warhead capable of penetrating 900 mm of armour. This system enabled the ADATS to destroy both tanks and helicopters from a maximum range of 10 km, or 7 km altitude.<br />
<br />
=== Operational History ===<br />
The ADATS entered service with the Canadian armed forces in 1989, and was built by Oerlikon Aerospace, based in Quebec. The ADATS saw combat just once, being deployed by the Canadian armed forces during the Gulf War. However, it never actually saw combat, and never fired a shot in anger. The ADATS was unusually expensive for an anti-aircraft vehicle, due to its large design and development costs and small order in terms of vehicles. As a result, the Canadian Armed Forces announced that they would retire the ADATS in 2006. By 2007, all ADATS vehicles had been withdrawn from Canadian service.<br />
<br />
== Media ==<br />
<!-- ''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.'' --><br />
''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.''<br />
<br />
== See also ==<br />
<!-- ''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''<br />
* ''reference to the series of the vehicles;''<br />
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.'' --><br />
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''<br />
<br />
* ''reference to the series of the vehicles;''<br />
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''<br />
<br />
== External links ==<!-- ''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''<br />
* ''topic on the official game forum;''<br />
* ''other literature.'' --><br />
<br />
=== References ===<br />
<br />
* Military Today. (2006). ADATS. Retrieved January 02, 2021, from <nowiki>http://www.military-today.com/missiles/adats.htm</nowiki><br />
<br />
* Sherman, R. (1999, July 3). ADATS. Retrieved January 02, 2021, from <nowiki>https://fas.org/man/dod-101/sys/land/adats.html</nowiki><br />
<br />
{{Britain tank destroyers}}</div>U29417738https://wiki.warthunder.com/index.php?title=M3A3_Bradley&diff=98879M3A3 Bradley2021-03-22T15:28:05Z<p>U29417738: /* Usage in battles */</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Specs-Card<br />
|code=us_m3a3_bradley<br />
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
== Description ==<br />
<!-- ''In the description, the first part should be about the history of the creation and combat usage of the vehicle, as well as its key features. In the second part, tell the reader about the ground vehicle in the game. Insert a screenshot of the vehicle, so that if the novice player does not remember the vehicle by name, he will immediately understand what kind of vehicle the article is talking about.'' --><br />
The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} American light tank {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update "Ixwa Strike"]]. The M3A3 variant differs mainly from the M3 Bradley by its laser rangefinder, its APFSDS belt for the 25 mm cannon and more powerful TOW missiles.<br />
<br />
== General info ==<br />
=== Survivability and armour ===<br />
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}<br />
<!-- ''Describe armour protection. Note the most well protected and key weak areas. Appreciate the layout of modules as well as the number and location of crew members. Is the level of armour protection sufficient, is the placement of modules helpful for survival in combat? If necessary use a visual template to indicate the most secure and weak zones of the armour.'' --><br />
''Describe armour protection. Note the most well protected and key weak areas. Appreciate the layout of modules as well as the number and location of crew members. Is the level of armour protection sufficient, is the placement of modules helpful for survival in combat? If necessary use a visual template to indicate the most secure and weak zones of the armour.''<br />
<br />
'''Armour type:''' <!-- The types of armour present on the vehicle and their general locations --><br />
<!-- Example: * Rolled homogeneous armour (Front, Side, Rear, Hull roof)<br />
* Cast homogeneous armour (Turret, Transmission area) --><br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|-<br />
! Armour !! Front (Slope angle) !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof<br />
|-<br />
| Hull || ___ mm || ___ mm ''Top'' <br> ___ mm ''Bottom'' || ___ mm || ___ - ___ mm<br />
|-<br />
| Turret || ___ - ___ mm ''Turret front'' <br> ___ mm ''Gun mantlet'' || ___ - ___ mm || ___ - ___ mm || ___ - ___ mm<br />
|-<br />
| Cupola || ___ mm || ___ mm || ___ mm || ___ mm<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
'''Notes:''' <!-- Any additional notes which the user needs to be aware of --><br />
<!-- Example: * Suspension wheels are 20 mm thick, tracks are 30 mm thick, and torsion bars are 60 mm thick. --><br />
<br />
=== Mobility ===<br />
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}<br />
<!-- ''Write about the mobility of the ground vehicle. Estimate the specific power and manoeuvrability, as well as the maximum speed forwards and backwards.'' --><br />
<br />
{{tankMobility|abMinHp=942|rbMinHp=538}}<br />
<br />
=== Modifications and economy ===<br />
{{Specs-Economy}}<br />
<br />
== Armaments ==<br />
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}<br />
=== Main armament ===<br />
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|2}}<br />
<!-- ''Give the reader information about the characteristics of the main gun. Assess its effectiveness in a battle based on the reloading speed, ballistics and the power of shells. Do not forget about the flexibility of the fire, that is how quickly the cannon can be aimed at the target, open fire on it and aim at another enemy. Add a link to the main article on the gun: <code><nowiki>{{main|Name of the weapon}}</nowiki></code>. Describe in general terms the ammunition available for the main gun. Give advice on how to use them and how to fill the ammunition storage.'' --><br />
{{main|M242 (25 mm)}}<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="6" | [[M242 (25 mm)|25 mm M242]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)<br />
|-<br />
! Mode !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer<br />
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced<br />
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced<br />
|-<br />
! ''Arcade''<br />
| rowspan="2" | 1,500 (300) || rowspan="2" | 201 || rowspan="2" | -9°/+59° || rowspan="2" | ±180° || rowspan="2" | Two-plane || 57.1 || 79.1 || 96.0 || 106.2 || 112.9 || rowspan="2" | 0.26 || rowspan="2" | 0.23 || rowspan="2" | 0.21 || rowspan="2" | 0.20<br />
|-<br />
! ''Realistic''<br />
| 35.7 || 42.0 || 51.0 || 56.4 || 60.0<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==== Ammunition ====<br />
<br />
* '''Default:''' {{Annotation|APDS|Armour-piercing discarding sabot}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEI-T*|High-explosive incendiary tracer (self-destroying)}}<br />
* '''M791:''' {{Annotation|APDS|Armour-piercing discarding sabot}}{{-}}{{Annotation|APDS|Armour-piercing discarding sabot}}{{-}}{{Annotation|APDS|Armour-piercing discarding sabot}}{{-}}{{Annotation|HEI-T*|High-explosive incendiary tracer (self-destroying)}}<br />
* '''M919:''' {{Annotation|APFSDS|Armour-piercing fin-stabilized discarding sabot}}<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"<br />
! colspan="7" | Penetration statistics<br />
|-<br />
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Belt<br />
! colspan="6" | Penetration @ 0° Angle of Attack (mm)<br />
|-<br />
! 10 m !! 100 m !! 500 m !! 1,000 m !! 1,500 m !! 2,000 m<br />
|-<br />
| Default || 81 || 80 || 76 || 70 || 66 || 61<br />
|-<br />
| M791 || 81 || 80 || 76 || 70 || 66 || 61<br />
|-<br />
| M919 || 101 || 100 || 97 || 93 || 89 || 85<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"<br />
! colspan="10" | Belt details<br />
|-<br />
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Belt<br />
! rowspan="2" | Type of<br>warhead<br />
! rowspan="2" | Velocity<br>(m/s)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Projectile<br>Mass (kg)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Fuse delay<br>(m)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Fuse sensitivity<br>(mm)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Explosive Mass<br>(TNT equivalent) (g)<br />
! colspan="3" | Ricochet<br />
|-<br />
! 0% !! 50% !! 100%<br />
|-<br />
| M919 || APFSDS || 1,385 || 0.1 || N/A || N/A || N/A || 78° || 80° || 81°<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==== [[Ammo racks]] ====<br />
<!-- [[File:Ammoracks_{{PAGENAME}}.png|right|thumb|x250px|[[Ammo racks]] of the {{PAGENAME}}]] --><br />
<!-- '''Last updated:''' --><br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"<br />
|-<br />
! Full<br>ammo<br />
! 1st<br>rack empty<br />
! 2nd<br>rack empty<br />
! 3rd<br>rack empty<br />
! 4th<br>rack empty<br />
! 5th<br>rack empty<br />
! 6th<br>rack empty<br />
! Visual<br>discrepancy<br />
|-<br />
| '''5''' || __&nbsp;''(+__)'' || __&nbsp;''(+__)'' || __&nbsp;''(+__)'' || __&nbsp;''(+__)'' || __&nbsp;''(+__)'' || __&nbsp;''(+__)'' || __<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
=== Additional armament ===<br />
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}<br />
<!-- ''Some tanks are armed with several guns in one or more turrets. Evaluate the additional weaponry and give advice on its use. Describe the ammunition available for additional weaponry. Give advice on about how to use them and how to fill the ammunition storage. If there is no additional weaponry remove this subsection.'' --><br />
{{main|BGM-71 TOW}}<br />
''Some tanks are armed with several guns in one or more turrets. Evaluate the additional weaponry and give advice on its use. Describe the ammunition available for additional weaponry. Give advice on about how to use them and how to fill the ammunition storage. If there is no additional weaponry remove this subsection.''<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="4" | [[BGM-71 TOW]] missile || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)<br />
|-<br />
! Capacity (Belt) !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer<br />
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced<br />
|-<br />
| 12 (2) || -19°/+29° || N/A || N/A || _.__ || _.__ || _.__ || _.__<br />
|-<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==== Ammunition ====<br />
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"<br />
! colspan="8" | Penetration statistics<br />
|-<br />
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition<br />
! rowspan="2" | Type of<br>warhead<br />
! colspan="6" | Penetration @ 0° Angle of Attack (mm)<br />
|-<br />
! 10 m !! 100 m !! 500 m !! 1,000 m !! 1,500 m !! 2,000 m<br />
|-<br />
| TOW-2 || ATGM || 800 || 800 || 800 || 800 || 800 || 800<br />
|-<br />
| TOW-2B || ATGM || 430 || 430 || 430 || 430 || 430 || 430<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"<br />
! colspan="10" | Shell details<br />
|-<br />
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition<br />
! rowspan="2" | Type of<br>warhead<br />
! rowspan="2" | Velocity<br>(m/s)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Projectile<br>Mass (kg)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Fuse delay<br>(m)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Fuse sensitivity<br>(mm)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Explosive Mass<br>(TNT equivalent) (g)<br />
! colspan="3" | Ricochet<br />
|-<br />
! 0% !! 50% !! 100%<br />
|-<br />
| TOW-2 || ATGM || 329 || 21.4 || 0 || 0.01 || 3,130 || 80° || 82° || 90°<br />
|-<br />
| TOW-2B || ATGM || 309 || 22.6 || 0 || 0.01 || 4,100 || 80° || 82° || 90°<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==== [[Ammo racks]] ====<br />
<!-- [[File:Ammoracks_{{PAGENAME}}.png|right|thumb|x250px|[[Ammo racks]] of the {{PAGENAME}}]] --><br />
<!-- '''Last updated:''' --><br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"<br />
|-<br />
! Full<br>ammo<br />
! 1st<br>rack empty<br />
! 2nd<br>rack empty<br />
! 3rd<br>rack empty<br />
! 4th<br>rack empty<br />
! 5th<br>rack empty<br />
! 6th<br>rack empty<br />
! Visual<br>discrepancy<br />
|-<br />
| '''6''' || __&nbsp;''(+__)'' || __&nbsp;''(+__)'' || __&nbsp;''(+__)'' || __&nbsp;''(+__)'' || __&nbsp;''(+__)'' || __&nbsp;''(+__)'' || __<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
=== Machine guns ===<br />
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|3}}<br />
<!-- ''Offensive and anti-aircraft machine guns not only allow you to fight some aircraft but also are effective against lightly armoured vehicles. Evaluate machine guns and give recommendations on its use.'' --><br />
{{main|M240 (7.62 mm)}}<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="5" | [[M240 (7.62 mm)|7.62 mm M240]]<br />
|-<br />
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal<br />
|-<br />
| Coaxial || 4,400 (200) || 941 || N/A || N/A<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
== Usage in battles ==<br />
<!-- ''Describe the tactics of playing in the vehicle, the features of using vehicles in the team and advice on tactics. Refrain from creating a "guide" - do not impose a single point of view but instead give the reader food for thought. Describe the most dangerous enemies and give recommendations on fighting them. If necessary, note the specifics of the game in different modes (AB, RB, SB).'' --><br />
''Describe the tactics of playing in the vehicle, the features of using vehicles in the team and advice on tactics. Refrain from creating a "guide" - do not impose a single point of view but instead give the reader food for thought. Describe the most dangerous enemies and give recommendations on fighting them. If necessary, note the specifics of the game in different modes (AB, RB, SB).''<br />
<br />
=== Pros and cons ===<br />
<!-- ''Summarise and briefly evaluate the vehicle in terms of its characteristics and combat effectiveness. Mark its pros and cons in a bulleted list. Try not to use more than 6 points for each of the characteristics. Avoid using categorical definitions such as "bad", "good" and the like - use substitutions with softer forms such as "inadequate" and "effective".'' --><br />
''Summarise and briefly evaluate the vehicle in terms of its characteristics and combat effectiveness. Mark its pros and cons in a bulleted list. Try not to use more than 6 points for each of the characteristics. Avoid using categorical definitions such as "bad", "good" and the like - use substitutions with softer forms such as "inadequate" and "effective".''<br />
<br />
'''Pros:'''<br />
<br />
* Access to a full belt of 25mm APFSDS shells - higher consistent performance against (the sides of) enemy vehicles than the M3 Bradley's mixed APDS/HEI-T belts<br />
* Access to the fast travelling TOW-2B top-attack missile - capable of penetrating the weak top armour of enemy tanks (1 of currently 3 vehicles in game that have access to these kind of missiles. The others are the Swedish Strf 9040 BILL and the Chinese CM25)<br />
* TOW-2B missiles can attack enemy vehicles that are hiding behind cover<br />
* Access to excellent 2nd generation gunners thermals and CITV<br />
* Respectable reverse of -13 km/h<br />
* Scouting ability<br />
* Can use the engine smoke system mechanic - deployment of a smoke screen by using the engine and its fuel<br />
* Good mobility<br />
* Can engage enemy aerial vehicles with the main gun due to +59 degrees of gun elevation<br />
* -9 gun depression and a small turret mean you can effectively use hull down tactics<br />
* Laser rangefinder for the main gun<br />
* Great zoom of 4.0x - 12.0x and a good sight FOV of 18-6<br />
* The TOW-2B missiles, scouting mechanic and excellent thermals make the M3A3 very effective even at top tier<br />
* More armour than the M3 Bradley, can absorb up to 30mm APDS (as fired by, for example, the BMP-2) in some places at range<br />
* Quick turret traverse<br />
* Decent reactive mobility<br />
* Shreds light vehicles and lightly armoured MBT's with the APFSDS belt<br />
<br />
*<br />
<br />
'''Cons:'''<br />
<br />
* Due to the increase in weight, slightly less mobile and less willing to accelerate as the preceding M3 Bradley<br />
* Not as fast as the preceding M3 Bradley, though only by 4 km/h - top speeds are 62 km/h for the M3A3, 66 km/h for the M3 (though either vehicles rarely reach their top speed in game)<br />
* Continously firing the main gun increases dispersion, thereby reducing accuracy<br />
* Low rate of fire for the main gun<br />
* Cannot fire missiles on the move, except for using battle speed, which is a slow 4 km/h forwards<br />
* Missile launchers take some time to elevate when standing still<br />
* Cannot reliably engage enemy MBT's from the front with 25mm APFSDS - 25mm APFSDS simply lacks the raw penetration to do so<br />
* Infrared countermeasures (as found on the French AMX-30B2 BRENUS and Russian T-90A) knock the missiles off course<br />
* Despite the increase in armour over the regular M3, the armour is still thin and only 3 crewmembers - low survivability<br />
* Enemy vehicles with thermals can see through ESS clearly<br />
* Missiles can be detonated when hit by enemy fire<br />
<br />
*<br />
<br />
== History ==<br />
<!-- ''Describe the history of the creation and combat usage of the vehicle in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the vehicle and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Vehicle-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>. This section may also include the vehicle's dev blog entry (if applicable) and the in-game encyclopedia description (under <code><nowiki>=== In-game description ===</nowiki></code>, also if applicable).'' --><br />
=== [[wt:en/news/7048-development-m3a3-bradley-the-upgraded-warhorse-en|Devblog]] ===<br />
Following the Gulf War of the early 1990's, US engineers developed a new modification of the widely used M3 Bradley in order to incorporate improvements derived from the operational experience gained during the conflict. As such, the Bradley received numerous upgrades to its electronic systems, including a new fire control system, a laser rangefinder and thermal imaging for the commander along with other improvements to the vehicle's protection and firepower.<br />
<br />
The M3A3 modification of the Bradley started being shipped to the first U.S. Army units in 1998 with the first vehicles officially entering service in 2000. By late 2010, well over 3,300 Bradleys were converted to the A3 standard and the vehicle continues serving as one of the cornerstones of the U.S. armored units today.<br />
<br />
== Media ==<br />
<!-- ''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.'' --><br />
<br />
<gallery mode="packed" heights="150"><br />
File:M3A3 Bradley WTWallpaper 01.jpg|<br />
File:M3A3 Bradley WTWallpaper 02.jpg|<br />
File:M3A3 Bradley WTWallpaper 03.jpg|<br />
File:M3A3 Bradley WTWallpaper 04.jpg|<br />
File:M3A3 Bradley WTWallpaper 05.jpg|<br />
File:M3A3 Bradley WTWallpaper 06.jpg|<br />
File:M3A3 Bradley WTWallpaper 07.jpg|<br />
</gallery><br />
<br />
== See also ==<br />
<!-- ''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''<br />
* ''reference to the series of the vehicles;''<br />
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.'' --><br />
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''<br />
<br />
* ''reference to the series of the vehicles;''<br />
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''<br />
<br />
== External links ==<br />
<!-- ''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''<br />
* ''topic on the official game forum;''<br />
* ''other literature.'' --><br />
''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''<br />
<br />
* ''topic on the official game forum;''<br />
* ''other literature.''<br />
<br />
{{USA light tanks}}<br />
[[Category:ATGM vehicles]]</div>U29417738https://wiki.warthunder.com/index.php?title=P40_%22G.C._Leoncello%22&diff=98872P40 "G.C. Leoncello"2021-03-22T10:45:27Z<p>U29417738: /* Pros and cons */</p>
<hr />
<div>{{About<br />
|about=Italian premium medium tank '''{{PAGENAME}}'''<br />
|other<br />
|usage-1 = other uses<br />
|link-1 = P40 (Disambiguation)<br />
|usage-2 = the regular version<br />
|link-2 = P40<br />
}}<br />
{{Specs-Card<br />
|code=it_p_26_40<br />
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
== Description ==<br />
<!-- ''In the description, the first part should be about the history of the creation and combat usage of the vehicle, as well as its key features. In the second part, tell the reader about the ground vehicle in the game. Insert a screenshot of the vehicle, so that if the novice player does not remember the vehicle by name, he will immediately understand what kind of vehicle the article is talking about.'' --><br />
The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a gift rank {{Specs|rank}} Italian medium tank {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.73 "Vive la France"]] as one of the first Italian ground vehicles implemented. The P40 "Leoncello" is part of the [[Affiliate_Program_Revenue_Share|revenue share program]] and was created by Nicola ''"Kolin0"'' Faggiani and Riccardo ''"BlueBeta"'' Lo Verso.<br />
<br />
The P40's best description in its place on the War Thunder battlefield is "average". Average armour, average gun, and average mobility. For this reason, it can perform most roles of a typical medium tank in a flanking or support role, but should not be relied on to be a shield or a speedster.<br />
<br />
The P40 features a default tri-tone camouflage of yellow, green, and red-brown; colors not too unlike that of late German tanks.<br />
<br />
The P40 presents all-around sloped armour on the hull with sand skirts handing over the suspension area, which consists of leaf spring bogies not too unlike those found on the Panzer IV. The turret is also sloped in all sides, and is relatively low profile in comparison to the rest of the tank size. The construction of the whole tank also consists of rivets, rather than weld or cast, which gives the detail of numerous circular rivets around the tank.<br />
<br />
== General info ==<br />
=== Survivability and armour ===<br />
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}<br />
<!-- ''Describe armour protection. Note the most well protected and key weak areas. Appreciate the layout of modules as well as the number and location of crew members. Is the level of armour protection sufficient, is the placement of modules helpful for survival in combat? If necessary use a visual template to indicate the most secure and weak zones of the armour.'' --><br />
'''Armour type:'''<br />
<br />
* Rolled homogeneous armour<br />
* Structural steel<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|-<br />
! Armour !! Front (Slope angle) !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof<br />
|-<br />
| Hull || 50 mm (45°), 30 mm (78°), 45 mm (45°) ''Front glacis'' <br> 50 mm (38°) ''Lower glacis'' <br> 74 mm (45°) ''Driver's hatch'' || 45 mm (35°) ''Top'' <br> 40 mm ''Bottom'' || 40 mm ''Fighting compartment rear'' <br> 40 mm (10-40°) || 45 mm ''Front'' <br> 15 mm ''Rear''<br />
|-<br />
| Turret || 50 mm (20°) ''Turret front'' <br> 48 + 48 mm (1-78°) ''Gun mantlet'' || 45 mm (25-26°) || 45 mm ''Top'' <br> 23 + 50 + 45 mm ''Turret bustle'' || 20 mm<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
'''Notes:'''<br />
<br />
* Suspension wheels are 15 mm thick, bogies are 10 mm thick, and tracks are 20 mm thick.<br />
* 4 mm side skirts line up parts of the bottom side hull.<br />
* Belly armour is 14 mm thick.<br />
<br />
=== Mobility ===<br />
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}<br />
<!-- ''Write about the mobility of the ground vehicle. Estimate the specific power and manoeuvrability, as well as the maximum speed forwards and backwards.'' --><br />
<br />
{{tankMobility|abMinHp=511|rbMinHp=292}}<br />
<br />
=== Modifications and economy ===<br />
{{Specs-Economy}}<br />
<br />
== Armaments ==<br />
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}<br />
=== Main armament ===<br />
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}<br />
<!-- ''Give the reader information about the characteristics of the main gun. Assess its effectiveness in a battle based on the reloading speed, ballistics and the power of shells. Do not forget about the flexibility of the fire, that is how quickly the cannon can be aimed at the target, open fire on it and aim at another enemy. Add a link to the main article on the gun: <code><nowiki>{{main|Name of the weapon}}</nowiki></code>. Describe in general terms the ammunition available for the main gun. Give advice on how to use them and how to fill the ammunition storage.'' --><br />
{{main|Ansaldo 75 L/34 (75 mm)}}<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="5" | [[Ansaldo 75 L/34 (75 mm)|75 mm Ansaldo 75 L/34]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)<br />
|-<br />
! Mode !! Capacity !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer<br />
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced<br />
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced<br />
|-<br />
! ''Arcade''<br />
| rowspan="2" | 63 || rowspan="2" | -10°/+23° || rowspan="2" | ±180° || rowspan="2" | N/A || 13.3 || 18.4 || 22.4 || 24.8 || 26.4 || rowspan="2" | 6.50 || rowspan="2" | 5.75 || rowspan="2" | 5.30 || rowspan="2" | 5.00<br />
|-<br />
! ''Realistic''<br />
| 8.3 || 9.8 || 11.9 || 13.2 || 14.0<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==== Ammunition ====<br />
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"<br />
! colspan="8" | Penetration statistics<br />
|-<br />
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition<br />
! rowspan="2" | Type of<br>warhead<br />
! colspan="6" | '''Penetration @ 0° Angle of Attack (mm)'''<br />
|-<br />
! 10 m !! 100 m !! 500 m !! 1,000 m !! 1,500 m !! 2,000 m<br />
|-<br />
| Granata Perforante 75/32 || APCBC || 79 || 78 || 71 || 64 || 58 || 52<br />
|-<br />
| EPS M42 || HEAT || 100 || 100 || 100 || 100 || 100 || 100<br />
|-<br />
| Granata 75/32 || HE || 9 || 9 || 9 || 9 || 9 || 9<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"<br />
! colspan="10" | Shell details<br />
|-<br />
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition<br />
! rowspan="2" | Type of<br>warhead<br />
! rowspan="2" | Velocity<br>(m/s)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Projectile<br>Mass (kg)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Fuse delay<br>(m)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Fuse sensitivity<br>(mm)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Explosive Mass<br>(TNT equivalent) (g)<br />
! colspan="3" | Ricochet<br />
|-<br />
! 0% !! 50% !! 100%<br />
|-<br />
| Granata Perforante 75/32 || APCBC || 637 || 6.35 || 1.2 || 14 || 270 || 48° || 63° || 71°<br />
|-<br />
| EPS M42 || HEAT || 552 || 5.3 || 0.05 || 0.1 || 656.64 || 62° || 69° || 73°<br />
|-<br />
| Granata 75/32 || HE || 552 || 6.35 || 0 || 0.1 || 600 || 79° || 80° || 81°<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==== [[Ammo racks]] ====<br />
[[File:Ammoracks_{{PAGENAME}}.png|right|thumb|x250px|[[Ammo racks]] of the {{PAGENAME}}]]<br />
<!-- '''Last updated:''' --><br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"<br />
|-<br />
! Full<br>ammo<br />
! 1st<br>rack empty<br />
! 2nd<br>rack empty<br />
! 3rd<br>rack empty<br />
! 4th<br>rack empty<br />
! 5th<br>rack empty<br />
! 6th<br>rack empty<br />
! Visual<br>discrepancy<br />
|-<br />
| '''63''' || 58&nbsp;''(+5)'' || 53&nbsp;''(+10)'' || 48&nbsp;''(+15)'' || 43&nbsp;''(+20)'' || 22&nbsp;''(+41)'' || 1&nbsp;''(+62)'' || No<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
Sponsons empty: 43&nbsp;''(+20)''<br />
<br />
=== Machine guns ===<br />
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|2}}<br />
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|3}}<br />
<!-- ''Offensive and anti-aircraft machine guns not only allow you to fight some aircraft but also are effective against lightly armoured vehicles. Evaluate machine guns and give recommendations on its use.'' --><br />
{{main|Breda Mod. 38 (8 mm)}}<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="5" | [[Breda Mod. 38 (8 mm)|8 mm Breda Mod. 38]]<br />
|-<br />
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal<br />
|-<br />
| Pintle || 288 (24) || 600 || -10°/+20° || N/A<br />
|-<br />
| Coaxial || 288 (24) || 600 || N/A || N/A<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
== Usage in battles ==<br />
<!-- ''Describe the tactics of playing in the vehicle, the features of using vehicles in the team and advice on tactics. Refrain from creating a "guide" - do not impose a single point of view but instead give the reader food for thought. Describe the most dangerous enemies and give recommendations on fighting them. If necessary, note the specifics of the game in different modes (AB, RB, SB).'' --><br />
<br />
The P40 can be played like other medium tanks like the [[Pz.IV F1|Panzer IV]] in that use the mobility to try and get a position of opportunity against the enemy. Though the 75 mm APCBC is generally inadequate in a frontal engagement, the usage of the HEAT round could level the disparity in armour and firepower.<br />
<br />
'''Support'''<br><br />
Simply put, stick together with allies during an assault or defence of a base. The P40 is still a vital piece as a team player and would still attract the enemy's attention either as an easy target or a threat with the 75 mm gun. Allow the enemy tanks to try and take attention of the P40 or another ally and while the lone enemy is targeting one, the other moves in to hit the enemy. Coordinate effectively to control choke points against the enemy movements.<br />
<br />
'''Flanking'''<br><br />
The P40 "Leoncello" has quite a forward mobility and this can be used to get to areas around the main point of contention to get to the enemy's sides. This would be beneficial as the P40 75 mm APCBC ammunition can do its work in piercing the weaker armour on the sides and use the huge explosive filler in each round for a crippling effect on the penetrated enemy tank. Take cover behind concealment and lob rounds at the enemy as they move to engage the bulk of the allies in the expected fighting zones. Take care not to get hit and compound angle to make the most of the front sloping 50 mm of armour on the front.<br />
<br />
=== Pros and cons ===<br />
<!-- ''Summarise and briefly evaluate the vehicle in terms of its characteristics and combat effectiveness. Mark its pros and cons in a bulleted list. Try not to use more than 6 points for each of the characteristics. Avoid using categorical definitions such as "bad", "good" and the like - use substitutions with softer forms such as "inadequate" and "effective".'' --><br />
<br />
'''Pros:'''<br />
<br />
* Decent sloped armour<br />
* Good HE filler for APCBC rounds<br />
* Good forward mobility<br />
* Has smoke grenade launchers<br />
* Can be surprisingly bouncy when angled properly<br />
* Increase in RP and SL gain due to premium bonuses<br />
* HEAT round has 100mm of penetration - can penetrate the frontal armour of the American M4 Sherman and the Soviet T-34 medium tanks<br />
* Competitive 6.5 seconds stock reload - can go down to 5 seconds with an aced crew<br />
* APCBC reliably destroys tanks when the shell penetrates due to the generous amount of 270(!) grams of TNT filler<br />
<br />
'''Cons:'''<br />
<br />
* Bad acceleration<br />
* Slow reverse<br />
* 40 km/h top speed<br />
* Only 75 mm of pen for APCBC round <br />
* Only 2 viable rounds - must choose between increased penetration with HEAT or increased post-pen damage with APCBC<br />
* Slow turret traverse<br />
* Machine gun magazines are small, can't sustain fire<br />
* Armour is not strong enough for a straight-on hit from most guns at its contemporaries<br />
* Large 15 mm armoured engine deck could be pierced from aerial heavy machine gun attacks<br />
* SPAA auto cannons could penetrate through the flat turret face<br />
* Pintle mount machine gun can only be adjusted in elevation, not horizontally<br />
* Smoke grenade pops up behind tank, can't create a screen in front<br />
<br />
== History ==<br />
<!-- ''Describe the history of the creation and combat usage of the vehicle in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the vehicle and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Vehicle-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>. This section may also include the vehicle's dev blog entry (if applicable) and the in-game encyclopedia description (under <code><nowiki>=== In-game description ===</nowiki></code>, also if applicable).'' --><br />
The P 26/40 was by Italian standards a heavy tank, with the designation "P" standing for "Pesante". It was adopted in 1940 and weighed 26 tonness. The P40 was the only heavy tank to be conceived by the Italians and only a few were made. Only 2 P40s are still in existence.<br />
<br />
== Media ==<br />
<!-- ''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.'' --><br />
<br />
;Skins<br />
<br />
* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicleCountry=italy&vehicleType=tank&vehicleClass=medium_tank&vehicle=it_p_26_40 Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]<br />
<br />
;Videos<br />
{{Youtube-gallery|N-EazLEFaFg|'''The Shooting Range #71''' - ''Metal Beasts'' section at 08:17 discusses the {{PAGENAME}}.|yKWKyNvjb3M|'''{{PAGENAME}} - Italian Tank - A First Look''' - ''Napalmratte''|OIFYmL3Rto8|'''{{PAGENAME}} Tank Review''' - ''NUSensei''}}<br />
<br />
== See also ==<br />
<!-- ''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''<br />
* ''reference to the series of the vehicles;''<br />
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.'' --><br />
<br />
;Vehicles equipped with the same chassis<br />
<br />
* [[P40]]<br />
<br />
;Vehicles equipped with the same gun<br />
<br />
* [[75/34 M43]]<br />
<br />
;Other vehicles of similar configuration and role<br />
<br />
* [[T-34 (Family)]] - T-34/76 models<br />
<br />
== External links ==<br />
<!-- ''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''<br />
* ''topic on the official game forum;''<br />
* ''other literature.'' --><br />
<br />
* [[wt:en/news/5469-the-guys-behind-the-italian-p40-tank-en|The guys behind the Italian P40 Tank!]]<br />
* [https://store.gaijin.net/story.php?title=P40-Leoncello-Advanced-Pack [Gaijin Store<nowiki>]</nowiki> P40 LEONCELLO ADVANCED PACK]<br />
* [[wikipedia:P26/40_tank|[Wikipedia] P26/40 tank]]<br />
* [https://tanks-encyclopedia.com/ww2/italy/Carro_Armato_Pesante_P26-40.php <nowiki>[Tanks Encyclopedia]</nowiki> Carro Armato P26/40]<br />
* [https://www.militaryfactory.com/armor/detail.asp?armor_id=503 <nowiki>[Military Factory]</nowiki> Carro Armato P40 (Carro Pesante P40)]<br />
<br />
{{Italy medium tanks}}<br />
{{Italy premium ground vehicles}}</div>U29417738https://wiki.warthunder.com/index.php?title=P40&diff=98870P402021-03-22T10:17:29Z<p>U29417738: /* Pros and cons */</p>
<hr />
<div>{{About<br />
|about=Italian medium tank '''{{PAGENAME}}'''<br />
|other<br />
|usage-1 = other uses<br />
|link-1 = P40 (Disambiguation)<br />
|usage-2 = the premium version<br />
|link-2 = P40 "G.C. Leoncello"<br />
}}<br />
{{Specs-Card<br />
|code=it_p_40<br />
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
== Description ==<br />
<!-- ''In the description, the first part should be about the history of the creation and combat usage of the vehicle, as well as its key features. In the second part, tell the reader about the ground vehicle in the game. Insert a screenshot of the vehicle, so that if the novice player does not remember the vehicle by name, he will immediately understand what kind of vehicle the article is talking about.'' --><br />
The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} Italian medium tank {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.85 "Supersonic"]].<br />
<br />
== General info ==<br />
=== Survivability and armour ===<br />
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}<br />
<!-- ''Describe armour protection. Note the most well protected and key weak areas. Appreciate the layout of modules as well as the number and location of crew members. Is the level of armour protection sufficient, is the placement of modules helpful for survival in combat? If necessary use a visual template to indicate the most secure and weak zones of the armour.'' --><br />
'''Armour type:'''<br />
<br />
* Rolled homogeneous armour<br />
* Structural steel<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|-<br />
! Armour !! Front (Slope angle) !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof<br />
|-<br />
| Hull || 50 mm (45°), 30 mm (78°), 45 mm (45°) ''Front glacis'' <br> 50 mm (38°) ''Lower glacis'' <br> 74 mm (45°) ''Driver's hatch'' || 45 mm (35°) ''Top'' <br> 40 mm ''Bottom'' || 40 mm ''Fighting compartment rear'' <br> 40 mm (10-40°) || 45 mm ''Front'' <br> 15 mm ''Rear''<br />
|-<br />
| Turret || 50 mm (20°) ''Turret front'' <br> 48 + 48 mm (1-78°) ''Gun mantlet'' || 45 mm (25-26°) || 45 mm ''Top'' <br> 23 + 50 + 45 mm ''Turret bustle'' || 20 mm<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
'''Notes:'''<br />
<br />
* Suspension wheels are 15 mm thick, bogies are 10 mm thick, and tracks are 20 mm thick.<br />
* 4 mm side skirts line up parts of the bottom side hull.<br />
* Belly armour is 14 mm thick.<br />
<br />
Its protection is enough for most medium-ranged engagements but is able to be easily penetrated by most guns at close range. The front plate is a 50 mm plate sloped at 45° allowing for 65-67 mm of total protection, and the drivers hatch on the left side is 76 mm also sloped at 45° allowing for nearly 100 mm of protection. Most shots to the upper glacis won't penetrate thanks to the radical sloping angle of the plate offering 95 mm of armour, but it is possible for it to deflect a shot into the UFP. The gun mantlet is very well protected, with two rounded plates, which each offer roughly 50 mm of protection, stacked on top of each other allowing for a total of 100 mm. Be wary that the turret is a very vulnerable spot due to the nearly flat plate that only has 50 mm of armour.<br />
<br />
=== Mobility ===<br />
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}<br />
<!-- ''Write about the mobility of the ground vehicle. Estimate the specific power and manoeuvrability, as well as the maximum speed forwards and backwards.'' --><br />
<br />
{{tankMobility|abMinHp=511|rbMinHp=292}}<br />
<br />
Mobility is below average for the rank but is faster than some common tanks like the early Sherman's and Chi-Nu. However, almost every other tank in the rank will easily outrun the {{PAGENAME}} (Such as the early T-34's, [[Cromwell (Family)|Cromwell's]], [[Pz.III M|Pz.III]] and the [[Pz.IV F2]]). The tank's off road speed is quite good, able to reach 43 kmh / 27 mph on dirt and get to that speed quite quickly. The hull traverse is also very good and the tank is very responsive while in motion, allowing for a very mobile playstyle.<br />
<br />
=== Modifications and economy ===<br />
{{Specs-Economy}}<br />
<br />
== Armaments ==<br />
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}<br />
=== Main armament ===<br />
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}<br />
<!-- ''Give the reader information about the characteristics of the main gun. Assess its effectiveness in a battle based on the reloading speed, ballistics and the power of shells. Do not forget about the flexibility of the fire, that is how quickly the cannon can be aimed at the target, open fire on it and aim at another enemy. Add a link to the main article on the gun: <code><nowiki>{{main|Name of the weapon}}</nowiki></code>. Describe in general terms the ammunition available for the main gun. Give advice on how to use them and how to fill the ammunition storage.'' --><br />
{{main|Ansaldo 75 L/34 (75 mm)}}<br />
<br />
The P40 is armed with a Ansaldo 75 L/34, able to carry a total of 63 shells. combining a decent reload with flexible munitions. The P40 has access to a 75 mm APHE round with 79 mm of penetration and a HEAT round with 100 mm of penetration. It is worth noting, either ammunition is usable, but a mix is preferable. Most enemies will easily fall prey to the APHE round, but T-34s, M4 Shermans, and KV-1s, are all enemies that require heavier hitting rounds, like the HEAT round. Note turret rotation is mediocre, and traversing the hull is necessary during close range engagements. The average round velocity will make longer-range combat difficult and the penetration drop off of the APHE round becomes quite noticeable.<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="5" | [[Ansaldo 75 L/34 (75 mm)|75 mm Ansaldo 75 L/34]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)<br />
|-<br />
! Mode !! Capacity !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer<br />
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced<br />
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced<br />
|-<br />
! ''Arcade''<br />
| rowspan="2" | 63 || rowspan="2" | -10°/+23° || rowspan="2" | ±180° || rowspan="2" | N/A || 8.3 || 11.5 || 22.4 || 24.8 || 56.4 || rowspan="2" | 6.5 || rowspan="2" | 5.8 || rowspan="2" | 5.3 || rowspan="2" | 5.0<br />
|-<br />
! ''Realistic''<br />
| 8.3 || 9.8 || 11.9 || 13.2 || 14.0<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==== Ammunition ====<br />
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"<br />
! colspan="8" | Penetration statistics<br />
|-<br />
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition<br />
! rowspan="2" | Type of<br>warhead<br />
! colspan="6" | '''Penetration @ 0° Angle of Attack (mm)'''<br />
|-<br />
! 10 m !! 100 m !! 500 m !! 1,000 m !! 1,500 m !! 2,000 m<br />
|-<br />
| Granata Perforante 75/32 || APCBC || 75 || 72 || 66 || 59 || 53 || 48<br />
|-<br />
| EPS M42 || HEAT || 100 || 100 || 100 || 100 || 100 || 100<br />
|-<br />
| Granata 75/32 || HE || 9 || 9 || 9 || 9 || 9 || 9<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"<br />
! colspan="10" | Shell details<br />
|-<br />
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition<br />
! rowspan="2" | Type of<br>warhead<br />
! rowspan="2" | Velocity<br>(m/s)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Projectile<br>Mass (kg)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Fuse delay<br>(m)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Fuse sensitivity<br>(mm)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Explosive Mass<br>(TNT equivalent) (g)<br />
! colspan="3" | Ricochet<br />
|-<br />
! 0% !! 50% !! 100%<br />
|-<br />
| Granata Perforante 75/32 || APCBC || 637 || 6.35 || 1.2 || 14.0 || 270 || 48° || 63° || 71°<br />
|-<br />
| EPS M42 || HEAT || 552 || 5.30 || N/A || 0.1 || 656.6 || 62° || 69° || 73°<br />
|-<br />
| Granata 75/32 || HE || 552 || 6.35 || 0.4 || 0.1 || 600 || 79° || 80° || 81°<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==== [[Ammo racks]] ====<br />
[[File:Ammoracks P40 "G.C. Leoncello".png|right|thumb|x250px|[[Ammo racks]] of the {{PAGENAME}}]]<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"<br />
|-<br />
! Full<br>ammo<br />
! 1st<br>rack empty<br />
! 2nd<br>rack empty<br />
! 3rd<br>rack empty<br />
! 4th<br>rack empty<br />
! 5th<br>rack empty<br />
! 6th<br>rack empty<br />
! Visual<br>discrepancy<br />
|-<br />
|| '''63''' || 58&nbsp;''(+5)'' || 53&nbsp;''(+10)'' || 48&nbsp;''(+15)'' || 43&nbsp;''(+20)'' || 22&nbsp;''(+41)'' || 1&nbsp;''(+62)'' || No<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
Sponsons empty: 43&nbsp;''(+20)''<br />
<br />
=== Machine guns ===<br />
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|2}}<br />
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|3}}<br />
<!-- ''Offensive and anti-aircraft machine guns not only allow you to fight some aircraft but also are effective against lightly armoured vehicles. Evaluate machine guns and give recommendations on its use.'' --><br />
{{main|Breda Mod. 38 (8 mm)}}<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="5" | [[Breda Mod. 38 (8 mm)|8 mm Breda Mod. 38]]<br />
|-<br />
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal<br />
|-<br />
| Pintle || 288 (24) || 600 || -10°/+20° || ±180°<br />
|-<br />
| Coaxial || 288 (24) || 600 || N/A || N/A<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
== Usage in battles ==<br />
<!-- ''Describe the tactics of playing in the vehicle, the features of using vehicles in the team and advice on tactics. Refrain from creating a "guide" - do not impose a single point of view but instead give the reader food for thought. Describe the most dangerous enemies and give recommendations on fighting them. If necessary, note the specifics of the game in different modes (AB, RB, SB).'' --><br />
The P40 is a tank that excels in medium-ranged engagements thanks to its decent armour and adequate gun. Due to the relatively small size and good mobility, it can, however, be played as an ambush tank that can sneak around and plant a shot in the enemy's sides, allowing for an easy elimination because of the large explosive filler in the APCBC shell. Be wary that while the tank's armour may protect against many lower-rank cannons, cannons at equivalent BR (Namely the Pz.IV's long-barrelled cannon) are easily capable of destroying the tank.<br />
<br />
Players in the P40 should always be with teammates, as the P40 is easy prey when separated from its team. Stick with the heavier tanks such as the KV-1's, Churchill's and Matilda's, as they can soak up shots and draw attention away from the weak little P40, allowing the player to sneak around and hit a few tanks. If there are no heavy tanks, the P40's best bet is to support a Sherman or Pz.IV, as both of them can deal with enemies that the P40 can't.<br />
<br />
=== Specific enemies worth noting: ===<br />
<br />
* [[KV-1 (L-11)]]/[[KV-1S]]. These Russian heavy beasts are incredibly difficult for the P40 to deal with, as their armour is able to shrug off even the EPS M42 HEAT round and they mount guns able to punch through it frontally. Your best bet to destroy them solo is by taking out their guns and burn them out by shooting their engine, but if the P40 is accompanied by a tank with a stronger gun such as the long-barrelled [[Pz.IV]]'s, the engagement will become significantly easier. When accompanied by teammates, take out their gun and tracks in order to ensure a teammate secures the kill.<br />
* [[Matilda III]]. The British Matilda tank is the most common enemy the P40 will face, and boasts excellent all-around protection comparable to the previously mentioned KV-1's and an excellent crew layout. It's worth mentioning that its complex side armour is able to thwart the EPS round when not aimed carefully, and has a habit of absorbing shells in general. It is however not without its downfalls, as its main gun has very low penetration across all of its shell selections, with the highest penetrating shell still being unable to penetrate a well-angled P40 at 300 meters out, and it being incredibly slow. Your EPS shell can penetrate the turret sides at most ranges and will take out all 3 crew members in the turret when aimed carefully.<br />
<br />
=== Pros and cons ===<br />
<!-- ''Summarise and briefly evaluate the vehicle in terms of its characteristics and combat effectiveness. Mark its pros and cons in a bulleted list. Try not to use more than 6 points for each of the characteristics. Avoid using categorical definitions such as "bad", "good" and the like - use substitutions with softer forms such as "inadequate" and "effective".'' --><br />
[[File:Radar chart P40.png|thumb|P40's medium tank abilities chart]]<br />
<br />
'''Pros:'''<br />
<br />
* Decent frontal armour<br />
* The gun possesses satisfactory performance at its rank<br />
* Has access to HEAT shells with 100 mm of penetration<br />
* Stock shell has a lot of explosive filler, making one-shot very common<br />
* Relatively small for a medium tank<br />
* Very good in medium-ranged performance<br />
* Relatively consistent armour protection all around the tank ~ good for angling<br />
<br />
'''Cons:'''<br />
<br />
* Overall penetration is not that great<br />
* Pitifully low ammo count for each machine gun belt<br />
* Armour can still be penetrated by a few enemies of rank II, most notably by the long-barreled Panzer IVs<br />
* Breda Mod. 38's have a very low magazine count<br />
* Lower than the average speed<br />
* Mediocre turret traverse<br />
* Smoke shells deploy behind the tank <br />
<br />
== History ==<br />
<!-- ''Describe the history of the creation and combat usage of the vehicle in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the vehicle and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Vehicle-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>. This section may also include the vehicle's dev blog entry (if applicable) and the in-game encyclopedia description (under <code><nowiki>=== In-game description ===</nowiki></code>, also if applicable).'' -->[[File:P40 at Army parade.jpg|thumb|P26/40 at an Italian Army parade in 2011]]<br />
The Carro Pesante P26/40 was Italy's best tank that saw service in the war. Despite only weighing 29 tonnes, which is significantly less than almost every other country's medium tanks, it was classed as a heavy tank due to Italy's tank design doctrine. In early 1940, the Italians started working on a 25 tonne "heavy" infantry support tank that was intended to fight alongside the "M" class medium tanks. The recent Africa campaign showed the massive problems the Italian tanks in production had, namely a lack of armour and insufficient firepower, prompting the army to make some changes. Initially designated as "P75" due to the 75 mm short-barrelled 75/32 mm cannon that was changed to a longer barrelled 75/34 with higher potency. The initial prototype was powered by a 330 hp diesel engine but was changed to a traditional petrol-fueled engine due to the unimpressive performance of the diesel engine, which forced the Ansaldo engineers to delay the program until the necessary modifications to the chassis and body could be made to fit the petrol engine. This eventually produced a petrol engine titled "V-12 SPA 342" delivering 420 hp. The vehicle was adopted and was named "P26/40", 26 for the weight and 40 for the year it was designed. Before the Italian Armistice of the 8 September 1943, the Carro Pesante P26/40's were produced in a very little number (between 1 and 5 pre-production vehicles) and they were taken by the Wehrmacht. Then the Germans produced a slightly bigger number of models without using the engine designed by the Italians, instead they used a German one; they also produced some of them without engine for a combat usage as static strongpoints. Today two Carro Pesante P26/40 still exists: one of them is in the ''Museo della Motorizzazione'' in Rome, while the other one is in display near Italian Army barracks in Lecce.<br />
<br />
== Media ==<br />
<!-- ''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.'' --><br />
<br />
;Skins<br />
<br />
* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicleCountry=italy&vehicleType=tank&vehicleClass=medium_tank&vehicle=it_p_40 Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]<br />
<br />
;Videos<br />
<br />
Videos for the {{PAGENAME}} "G.C. Leoncello" also apply to the {{PAGENAME}}.<br />
<br />
{{Youtube-gallery|tYfOlnMdCLE|'''{{PAGENAME}} "Leoncello" - Tank Review - Special Italian Flavour''' - ''Napalmratte''|N-EazLEFaFg|'''The Shooting Range #71''' - ''Metal Beasts'' section at 08:17 discusses the {{PAGENAME}}.|GfrV4tR0HGo|'''Fiat-Ansaldo P 26/40, Italian, Tier-2, Medium Tank''' - ''Angry Nerd Gaming''}}<br />
<br />
== See also ==<br />
<!-- ''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''<br />
* ''reference to the series of the vehicles;''<br />
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.'' --><br />
<br />
;Vehicles equipped with the same chassis<br />
<br />
* [[P40 "G.C. Leoncello"]]<br />
<br />
;Vehicles equipped with the same gun<br />
<br />
* [[75/34 M43]]<br />
<br />
;Other vehicles of similar configuration and role<br />
<br />
* [[T-34 (Family)]] - T-34/76 models<br />
<br />
== External links ==<br />
<!-- ''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''<br />
* ''topic on the official game forum;''<br />
* ''other literature.'' --><br />
<br />
* [[wikipedia:P26/40_tank|[Wikipedia] P26/40 tank]]<br />
* [https://tanks-encyclopedia.com/ww2/italy/Carro_Armato_Pesante_P26-40.php <nowiki>[Tanks Encyclopedia]</nowiki> Carro Armato P26/40]<br />
* [https://www.militaryfactory.com/armor/detail.asp?armor_id=503 <nowiki>[Military Factory]</nowiki> Carro Armato P40 (Carro Pesante P40)]<br />
<br />
{{Italy medium tanks}}</div>U29417738https://wiki.warthunder.com/index.php?title=Centauro_I_105_R&diff=98869Centauro I 105 R2021-03-22T10:07:48Z<p>U29417738: /* Pros and cons */</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Specs-Card<br />
|code=it_b1_centauro_romor<br />
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
== Description ==<br />
<!-- ''In the description, the first part should be about the history of the creation and combat usage of the vehicle, as well as its key features. In the second part, tell the reader about the ground vehicle in the game. Insert a screenshot of the vehicle, so that if the novice player does not remember the vehicle by name, he will immediately understand what kind of vehicle the article is talking about.'' --><br />
The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} Italian tank destroyer {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.85 "Supersonic"]].<br />
<br />
The {{PAGENAME}} is a variant of the [[Centauro|Centauro B1]], but with the addition of ROMOR-A ERA present on the hull and turret.<br />
<br />
== General info ==<br />
=== Survivability and armour ===<br />
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}<br />
<!-- ''Describe armour protection. Note the most well protected and key weak areas. Appreciate the layout of modules as well as the number and location of crew members. Is the level of armour protection sufficient, is the placement of modules helpful for survival in combat? If necessary use a visual template to indicate the most secure and weak zones of the armour.'' --><br />
The Centauro ROMOR, like its B1 base variant, prioritizes speed and mobility at the expense of armour and protection. It tries to rectify the lack of armour through angling of armour plates and the ROMOR-A ERA. The hull is a high-hardness monocoque fashioned from rolled homogenous armour of varying thicknesses depending of the plate. The turret is very much the same as the hull, with a low profile cupola for both the gunner and commander. Additionally, the turret has 15 mm of rolled homogenous armour added to the top of the turret, increasing total thickness to roughly 30 mm of armour on the roof. The driver is separated from the engine via an 8 mm thick partition. This partition, if penetrated, will create extra internal shrapnel. The position of the radiator directly below the upper front plate adds extra protection as it has a chance of absorbing or bouncing kinetic penetrators.<br />
<br />
The main feature which separates the ROMOR from the base B1 Centauro is obviously the addition of ROMOR-A ERA, which has increased protection again chemical weapons. The ERA is bolted to the turret cheeks/sides and the sides of the chassis. There are significantly more panels on the left side of the hull and right side of the turret. The ERA, which is a reactive element sandwiched between 2 metal plates, offers 30mm of protection against kinetic rounds and 300 mm against chemical rounds. Despite the armour and the addition of the ERA, the Centauro ROMOR can only effectively stop rounds up to a diameter of 14.5 mm. Most rounds at the rank with a diameter greater than 100 mm will one-shot the Centauro due to the [[Damage mechanics#hullbreak|hullbreak feature]] regardless of the round type(kinetic/chemical). The only exception to the hull break mechanic is the upper front plate and gun mantlet which has a decreased chance to hull break.<br />
<br />
'''Armour type:'''<br />
<br />
* Rolled Homogeneous Armor - Main<br />
* ROMOR-A - ERA<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
!Armour<br />
!Front (Slope angle)<br />
!Sides<br />
!Rear<br />
!Roof<br />
|-<br />
|Hull<br />
|15 mm (80°) ''Upper Glacis''<br />
35 mm (45°) ''Lower Glacis''<br />
|25 mm<br />
|20 mm<br />
|10 - 20 mm<br />
|-<br />
|Turret<br />
|25 mm (19°)''Turret front''<br />
40 mm (6°-51°-56°) ''Gun mantlet''<br />
|25 mm<br />
|15+15 mm ''Left section''<br />
15 mm ''Right section''<br />
|15 + 15 mm ''Front''<br />
15 mm ''Rear''<br />
|-<br />
|Additional<br />
armor<br />
|10 mm + ROMOR-A ERA ''Turret Cheeks''<br />
|10 mm + ROMOR-A ERA ''Turret Sides''<br />
10 mm + ROMOR-A ERA Rear ''Hull Sides''<br />
|5 mm ''Turret Rear''<br />
20 mm ''Hull Rear''<br />
|N/A<br />
|}<br />
'''Notes:'''<br />
<br />
* ROMOR-A has protection against 30 mm of kinetic rounds and 300 mm against chemical rounds.<br />
* The ROMOR-A ERA does not cover the entire sides of the hull and turret, only significant portions.<br />
<br />
*The wheels and suspension bars are 10 mm thick.<br />
*The rear of the turret is covered with 5 mm of structural steel.<br />
<br />
* There are also interior armor plates between the engine and the crew compartment:<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
!Spaced Armour<br />
!Front (Slope angle)<br />
|-<br />
|Hull<br />
|8 mm (except driver view port)<br />
|}<br />
'''Notes:'''<br />
<br />
* The engine is separated from the driver position and the crew compartment by a RHA armour plate.<br />
* The driver viewport is a weak spot as it is the only place where the inner armour does not overlap with the external armour. It is a small spot though.<br />
<br />
=== Mobility ===<br />
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}<br />
<!-- ''Write about the mobility of the ground vehicle. Estimate the specific power and manoeuvrability, as well as the maximum speed forwards and backwards.'' --><br />
<br />
{{tankMobility|abMinHp= 739|rbMinHp= 460}}<br />
<br />
The {{PAGENAME}} has an advanced powertrain and engine system. The vehicle is powered by an IVECO 8662 Turbocharged V6 aftercooled diesel engine mated to an automatic transmission with five forward gears and 2 reverse gears. In-game it provides 460 HP at 2400 RPM stock and 520 HP at 2400 RPM fully upgraded. The drivetrain is single differential twin shaft design in an H-style configuration. This system allows the Centauro ROMOR to reach a speed of up to 110 km/h on roads and solid surfaces. On more difficult terrain like snow, mud, and sand, the speed and acceleration of the Centauro are decreased drastically due to a loss of traction. Each wheel on the Centauro is independently suspended via hydro-pneumatic suspension which provides a smooth ride for the crew and allows the gun to maintain stability even at high speeds over rough terrain. All wheels are equipped with disc brakes which allow the Centauro to decrease speed quickly and get gun on target. While steering, the first, second and fourth wheel turn according to input. This allows for a tight turn radius of 9 m. These features give the Centauro the ability to move quickly and fire accurately on the move, often surprising unsuspecting enemies.<br />
<br />
=== Modifications and economy ===<br />
{{Specs-Economy}}<br />
<br />
== Armaments ==<br />
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}<br />
=== Main armament ===<br />
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}<br />
<!-- ''Give the reader information about the characteristics of the main gun. Assess its effectiveness in a battle based on the reloading speed, ballistics and the power of shells. Do not forget about the flexibility of the fire, that is how quickly the cannon can be aimed at the target, open fire on it and aim at another enemy. Add a link to the main article on the gun: <code><nowiki>{{main|Name of the weapon}}</nowiki></code>. Describe in general terms the ammunition available for the main gun. Give advice on how to use them and how to fill the ammunition storage.'' The text within these arrows are not to be deleted --><br />
{{main|OTO Melara 105/52 (105 mm)}}<br />
<br />
The {{PAGENAME}} is equipped with the mean 105 mm OTO-Melara 105/52 with a two-plane stabiliser. The cannon is similar to other NATO-style 105 mm cannons like the L7A3 found on German vehicles and the American M68. A such, it fires standard NATO ammunition like M456 HEAT-FS. In comparison to the previous model of the Centauro, the {{PAGENAME}} fields APFSDS rounds, an all-new round for the AFV. While the HEAT-FS can penetrate most vehicles, the APFSDS rounds are a sure bet to destroy almost any tank. The kinetic rounds are basically guaranteed to penetrate or one-shot any tank that may be seen at 9.0. Depending on the round fired, the round has very little to no bullet drop. The gun is accurate and easy to aim. Though the cannon may be lacking slightly in depression, the effectiveness of the gun more than makes up for it.<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="5" | [[OTO Melara 105/52 (105 mm)|105 mm OTO Melara 105/52]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)<br />
|-<br />
! Mode !! Capacity !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer<br />
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced<br />
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced<br />
|-<br />
! ''Arcade''<br />
| rowspan="2" | 40 || rowspan="2" | -6°/+16° || rowspan="2" | ±180° || rowspan="2" | Two-plane || 20.1 || 27.8 || 33.7 || 37.3 || 39.7 || rowspan="2" | 8.71 || rowspan="2" | 7.70 || rowspan="2" | 7.10 || rowspan="2" | 6.70<br />
|-<br />
! ''Realistic''<br />
| 13.6 || 16.0 || 19.4 || 21.4 || 22.8<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==== Ammunition ====<br />
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"<br />
! colspan="8" | Penetration statistics<br />
|-<br />
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition<br />
! rowspan="2" | Type of<br>warhead<br />
! colspan="6" | '''Penetration @ 0° Angle of Attack (mm)'''<br />
|-<br />
! 10 m !! 100 m !! 500 m !! 1,000 m !! 1,500 m !! 2,000 m<br />
|-<br />
| M456 || HEATFS || 400 || 400 || 400 || 400 || 400 || 400<br />
|-<br />
| M393A2 || HESH || 127 || 127 || 127 || 127 || 127 || 127<br />
|-<br />
| M735 || APFSDS || 353 || 350 || 342 || 333 || 322 || 312<br />
|-<br />
| DM33 || APFSDS || 408 || 405 || 398 || 389 || 379 || 370<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"<br />
! colspan="10" | Shell details<br />
|-<br />
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition<br />
! rowspan="2" | Type of<br>warhead<br />
! rowspan="2" | Velocity<br>(m/s)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Projectile<br>Mass (kg)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Fuse delay<br>(m)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Fuse sensitivity<br>(mm)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Explosive Mass<br>(TNT equivalent) (g)<br />
! colspan="3" | Ricochet<br />
|-<br />
! 0% !! 50% !! 100%<br />
|-<br />
| M456 || HEATFS || 1,173 || 10.5 || 0.05 || 0.1 || 1,270 || 65° || 72° || 77°<br />
|-<br />
| M393A2 || HESH || 732 || 14.85 || 0.05 || 0.1 || 4,310 || 73° || 77° || 80°<br />
|-<br />
| M735 || APFSDS || 1,501 || 3.7 || N/A || N/A || N/A || 76° || 77° || 80°<br />
|-<br />
| DM33 || APFSDS || 1,455 || 3.79 || N/A || N/A || N/A || 78° || 80° || 81°<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"<br />
! colspan="7" | Smoke shell characteristics<br />
|-<br />
! Ammunition<br />
! Velocity<br>(m/s)<br />
! Projectile<br>Mass (kg)<br />
! Screen radius<br>(m)<br />
! Screen deploy time<br>(s)<br />
! Screen hold time<br>(s)<br />
! Explosive Mass<br>(TNT equivalent) (g)<br />
|-<br />
| M416 || 730 || 11.4 || 20 || 5 || 25 || 50<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==== [[Ammo racks]] ====<br />
[[File:Ammoracks_Centauro.jpg|right|thumb|x250px|[[Ammo racks]] of the Centauro (identical).]]<br />
<!-- '''Last updated: 1.101.1.33''' --><br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"<br />
|-<br />
! Full<br>ammo<br />
! 1st<br>rack empty<br />
! 2nd<br>rack empty<br />
! 3rd<br>rack empty<br />
! 4th<br>rack empty<br />
! Visual<br>discrepancy<br />
|-<br />
| '''40''' || 29&nbsp;''(+11)'' || 17&nbsp;''(+23)'' || 12&nbsp;''(+28)'' || 1&nbsp;''(+39)''|| No<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
Notes:<br />
<br />
* Shells are modeled individually and disappear after having been shot or loaded.<br />
* Racks 3 and 4 are first stage ammo racks. They totals 16 shells and get filled first when loading up the tank.<br />
* These racks are also emptied early: the rack depletion order at full capacity is: 4 - 3 - 1 - 2.<br />
* Simply not firing when the gun is loaded will move ammo from racks 1-2 into rack 4 then 3. Firing will interrupt the restocking of the ready racks.<br />
<br />
The {{PAGENAME}} has four ammo racks. Two are located in the rear of the hull while one ready rack is in the rear of the turret and the other ready rack on the right side of the gunner. None of them is in wet storage or has blowout panels. If the ammo is hit by a penetrating shot, it has a high chance of exploding and killing all your turret crew.<br />
<br />
=== Machine guns ===<br />
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|2}}<br />
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|3}}<br />
<!-- ''Offensive and anti-aircraft machine guns not only allow you to fight some aircraft but also are effective against lightly armoured vehicles. Evaluate machine guns and give recommendations on its use.'' --><br />
{{main|Beretta MG42/59 (7.62 mm)}}<br />
<br />
The Centauro ROMOR is equipped with two 7.62 mm Beretta MG42/59 machine guns with a high rate of fire. One machine gun is coaxial and operates on the same axes as the main cannon. The other machine gun is mounted to the left of the commander's cupola and moves independently from the rest of the turret. This gives it 360-degrees of rotation. These machine guns can sometimes be effective against helicopters and slow-moving planes, but a large number of bullets are required to take down these targets. Otherwise, the machine guns are ineffective against armoured targets such as enemy tanks and IFVs. They can be used to take down foliage and light obstructions in order to clean lines of travel or sight. If fired at an enemy turret it has the potential to obscure the gunner's view, making it harder for the enemy to shoot you. Otherwise, the machine guns are unremarkable.<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="5" | [[Beretta MG42/59 (7.62 mm)|7.62 mm Beretta MG42/59]]<br />
|-<br />
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal<br />
|-<br />
| Coaxial || 4,500 (200) || 1,200 || N/A || N/A<br />
|-<br />
| Pintle || 2,000 (200) || 1,200 || -6°/+16° || ±140°<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
== Usage in battles ==<br />
<!-- ''Describe the tactics of playing in the vehicle, the features of using vehicles in the team and advice on tactics. Refrain from creating a "guide" - do not impose a single point of view but instead give the reader food for thought. Describe the most dangerous enemies and give recommendations on fighting them. If necessary, note the specifics of the game in different modes (AB, RB, SB).'' --><br />
<br />
The Centauro's wheeled configuration offers a highly mobile anti-tank gameplay. Though this movement flexibility comes with the loss of armour protection, hence the preferred gameplay tactics of the Centauro's commander should be based on speedy stealth flanking strikes or reconnaissance (scouting) with a sharp emphasis on sniping.<br />
<br />
This focus on the sniper role is because the vehicle is fast but can be easily hull broken by most ATGM or HEAT ammunition. The ERA might protect against this, however, it is not completely reliable so avoiding a hit is the best opportunity. The mobility and the acceleration are also slightly limited with the addition of the ERA armour, making it harder to crest ridges and hills; make sure to achieve enough high-speed to escalate some obstacles, on maps like the rocky [[Emperors Garden Map|Japan]].<br />
<br />
The large size and lack of neutral steering make it difficult to engage in close-quarters combat in urban scenarios. Hence those brawling situations should be avoided at all costs. Holding a corner is not regularly viable in this vehicle either, due to the turret being located in the rear and the large chassis hindering any shoot-and-scoot, unless in reverse.<br />
<br />
The ROMOR's players could use the high-speed performance to get an early cap on some maps like [[Maginot Line (Ground Forces)|Maginot line]] or perhaps staying behind protection in a more compacted map doing support and scouting. If this does not sound like fun, a rushing early flanking manoeuvre will grant possibilities; on maps like the exceptionally flank-adequate [[Battle of Hurtgen Forest (Ground Forces)|Hürtgen Forest]].<br />
<br />
{{Notice|Don't overlook the advantageous roads available on most maps, they drastically increase the acceleration}}<br />
<br />
==== Sniping ====<br />
The APFSDS rounds distinguish the tank destroying capabilities and allow to more easily penetrate highly armoured targets like Soviet heavy tanks as the mighty [[IS-7]], even at long range. The gunner thermals and laser rangefinder further concede the Centauro ROMOR one plentiful sniper capacity; entire sectors of the map can be guarded while being a sniper.<br />
<br />
This role can be put into effect on the largest maps because they possess enough land for manoeuvres. Although the ideal environment will also spare some visual covers like forests, rocks or houses - This visual protection is also crucial against enemy helicopters and aircraft. The availability of an LWS gives the ROMOR an anticipated chance to hide or fight back any threat when being a sniper.<br />
<br />
==== Flanker ====<br />
In most maps, frontal engagements should be avoided, as the tank configuration together with insufficient gun depression will not be satisfactory. This side-approach often rewards with several unsuspecting enemies, and with a second chance if any tank hits the ROMOR from the side, as the elongated and spacious hull might require finishing APFSDS shots.<br />
<br />
The early module research could be improved by flanking, as this takes the Centauro away from the focus of the battle; particularly if the players struggle with the HEAT shell. Once a sabot shell has been researched, sniping can be executed more effectively.<br />
<br />
==== Support/Scouting ====<br />
On speed-inhibiting maps like [[Berlin (Ground Forces)|Berlin]], a supporting or scouting role is highly beneficial for the ROMOR. The availability of smoke charges, thermal imaging, artillery and scouting ability is crucial in these narrow confrontations; and this Centauro is pretty well equipped for it. Even the HESH rounds and their low velocity might result handy when attacking over slopes or obstacles.<br />
<br />
This usage on battle is different from a possible brawling playstyle as the idea is to transmit the enemy armour location to allied MBTs like the [[Leopard 1A5 (Italy)|Leopards]] and the [[Ariete (Family)|Ariete]] not to fight those targets directly, due to the awkward mobility and reduced targeting of the Centauro in close quarters.<br />
<br />
With the smoke shells, any smart player can hold enemy advances or hinder enemy positions while defending a zone or street, allowing brawling tanks to advance.<br />
<br />
=== Pros and cons ===<br />
<!-- ''Summarise and briefly evaluate the vehicle in terms of its characteristics and combat effectiveness. Mark its pros and cons in a bulleted list. Try not to use more than 6 points for each of the characteristics. Avoid using categorical definitions such as "bad", "good" and the like - use substitutions with softer forms such as "inadequate" and "effective".'' --><br />
<br />
'''Pros:'''<br />
<br />
* Added ERA improves protection against HESH and chemical based munitions<br />
* APFSDS offers improved penetration in comparison to APDS ammunition<br />
* Extremely mobile<br />
* Night vision devices and generation 1 gunner thermals<br />
<br />
'''Cons:'''<br />
<br />
* ERA increases the weight of the vehicle, slightly decreasing mobility<br />
* Little to no protection against most projectiles<br />
* Hullbreakable by chemical and armour-piercing rounds<br />
* Large size<br />
* Rear-ward turret placement<br />
* Easily destroyed by planes and helicopters<br />
* No smoke grenades<br />
<br />
== History ==<br />
<!-- ''Describe the history of the creation and combat usage of the vehicle in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the vehicle and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Vehicle-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>. This section may also include the vehicle's dev blog entry (if applicable) and the in-game encyclopedia description (under <code><nowiki>=== In-game description ===</nowiki></code>, also if applicable).'' --><br />
Development of the B1 Centauro began during the 1980s after the Italian Army issued a set of requirements for a new vehicle that would have equivalent firepower to the Leopard 1 MBT in Italian service at the time, but with greater combat mobility and the ability to reach greater points of strategic control.<br />
<br />
In response to this, the Italian companies Fiat, Iveco and Oto Melara joined forces in a consortium to begin developing the vehicle requested by the Italian Army. In this joint venture, Fiat and Iveco were developing the vehicle's hull and power supply, whilst Oto Melara took care of the vehicle's turret and weapon systems.<br />
<br />
In 1986, the final prototype of the B1 Centauro project was unveiled on Sardinia. The presented vehicle was an eight-wheeled lightly armoured tank destroyer, equipped with a derived modification of the L7 105mm cannon, capable of reaching a very high top speed and covering large distances under its own power.<br />
<br />
Impressed by the B1 Centauro, the Italian Military placed orders for a number of vehicles, going in production in 1991 with the first ones entering service as early as 1992. In 1993 following a competition between firms to develop an ERA package for Centauros based in Somalia, British Royal Ordinance designed the ROMOR-A ERA armour set. 10 Sets of the ERA armour were sent directly to Somalia to equip the Centauro's stationed there and 10 sets to Italy for further testing. The ROMOR-A ERA has the unique advantage of being easy to attach in the field, having no risk of exploding when handled, and only being triggered by large projectiles. These factors gave the Italian army significant flexibility in the application of the ERA.<br />
<br />
B1 Centauros took part in most major conflicts that defined the '90s and early 2000s, most notably in former Yugoslavia, Somalia, Iraq, Afghanistan and others. Apart from the Italian Army, other noteworthy operators of the Centauro include Spain, which produced licensed copies, Jordan and Oman.<br />
<br />
Around 400 B1 Centauros were built until 2006, including some other derived modifications of the vehicle filling other roles. The B1 Centauro still serves with the Italian as well as other armed forces to this day.<br />
<br />
== Media ==<br />
<!-- ''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.'' --><br />
<br />
;Videos<br />
<br />
* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicleCountry=italy&vehicleType=tank&vehicleClass=tank_destroyer&vehicle=it_b1_centauro_romor Skin and Camouflages for the Centauro ROMOR in live.warthunder.com]<br />
<br />
;Videos<br />
{{Youtube-gallery|07oqg8OOJ2M|'''Type 16 vs Centauro ROMOR''' - ''War Thunder Official Channel''}}<br />
<br />
== See also ==<br />
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''<br />
<br />
* ''reference to the series of the vehicles;''<br />
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''<br />
<br />
== External links ==<br />
<!-- ''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''<br />
* ''topic on the official game forum;''<br />
* ''other literature.'' --><br />
<br />
* [[wt:en/news/5922-development-b1-centauro-the-wheeled-cheetah-en|[Devblog] B1 Centauro: The Wheeled Cheetah]]<br />
* [[Wikipedia:B1_Centauro|[Wikipedia] B1 Centauro]]<br />
* [https://tanks-encyclopedia.com/modern/Italy/B1-Centauro.php <nowiki>[Tanks Encyclopedia]</nowiki> B1 Centauro IFV (1986)]<br />
* [https://www.armyrecognition.com/italian_army_italy_wheeled_and_armoured_vehicle_uk/centauro_b1_105mm_wheeled_anti-tank_armoured_vehicle_technical_data_sheet_specifications_pictures.html <nowiki>[Army Recognition]</nowiki> Centauro 105mm Anti-tank armoured vehicle]<br />
* [http://www.esercito.difesa.it/en/Equipment/Combat-Tanks-and-Armoured-Vehicles/Combat-Vehicles/Pagine/Centaur-Tank.aspx <nowiki>[Esercito]</nowiki> "Centaur" Tank]<br />
<br />
{{Italy tank destroyers}}<br />
[[Category:Wheeled ground vehicles]]</div>U29417738https://wiki.warthunder.com/index.php?title=Centauro_I_120&diff=98868Centauro I 1202021-03-22T09:55:23Z<p>U29417738: /* Pros and cons */</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Specs-Card<br />
|code=it_centauro_mgs_120<br />
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
== Description ==<br />
<!-- ''In the description, the first part should be about the history of the creation and combat usage of the vehicle, as well as its key features. In the second part, tell the reader about the ground vehicle in the game. Insert a screenshot of the vehicle, so that if the novice player does not remember the vehicle by name, he will immediately understand what kind of vehicle the article is talking about.'' --><br />
The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} Italian tank destroyer {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.97 "Viking Fury"]].<br />
<br />
== General info ==<br />
=== Survivability and armour ===<br />
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}<br />
<!-- ''Describe armour protection. Note the most well protected and key weak areas. Appreciate the layout of modules as well as the number and location of crew members. Is the level of armour protection sufficient, is the placement of modules helpful for survival in combat? If necessary use a visual template to indicate the most secure and weak zones of the armour.'' --><br />
<br />
The armour of the Centauro MGS is the same as the previous Centauros, mediocre against everything but calibres smaller than 14.5 mm HMG fire. It has additional armour plates which give it decent armour protection to artillery fire and fragmentation as well as autocannons. However, it is still prone to hullbreak. The lack of armour is however compensated by adopting a playstyle based on the increased mobility to position your vehicle in unexpected spots. This is what the Centauros excel at. Fast speed, manoeuvrability and relatively small profile helps it disguise, move and stay under cover at almost all times.<br />
<br />
'''Armour type:'''<br />
<br />
* High Hardness Rolled Armor<br />
* Alluminium alloy 7020<br />
* Composite Screens<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|-<br />
! Armour !! Front (Slope angle) !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof<br />
|-<br />
| Hull || 15 mm (80°) || 15 mm ''Top'' <br>15 mm ''Bottom'' || 15 mm || 10 - 15 mm<br />
|-<br />
| Turret || 20 mm ''Turret front'' <br> 20-40 mm ''Gun mantlet'' || 20 mm || 20 mm || 20 mm<br />
|-<br />
| Cupola || 20 mm || 20 mm || 20 mm || 20 mm<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
'''Notes:'''<br />
<br />
* The wheels and suspension bars are 10 mm thick.<br />
* The rear of the turret is covered with 5 mm of structural steel.<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|-<br />
! Composite Appliqué Armour !! Front (Slope angle) !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof<br />
|-<br />
| Hull || 30 mm (80°) upper glacis <br> 50 mm (44°) lower glacis || 30 mm ''Top'' <br>50 mm ''Bottom'' || N/A || N/A<br />
|-<br />
| Turret || 50 mm ''Turret front'' <br> 5 mm ''Gun mantlet'' || 5-20-30 mm || 5 mm || 5 mm<br />
|}<br />
<br />
=== Mobility ===<br />
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}<br />
<!-- ''Write about the mobility of the ground vehicle. Estimate the specific power and manoeuvrability, as well as the maximum speed forwards and backwards.'' --><br />
<br />
{{tankMobility|abMinHp= 739|rbMinHp= 460}}<br />
<br />
Like the previous Centauros, it has one of the best mobility for wheeled vehicles. It has the same performance as the [[Centauro|Blindo Armata B1 Centauro]] despite the additional armour and a heavier gun. It still lacks performance on snow and somewhat on sand. However, it has the best weight/power ratio for wheeled vehicles of similar size. It should be noted that the MGS, as previous Centauros, is not amphibious.<br />
<br />
=== Modifications and economy ===<br />
{{Specs-Economy}}<br />
<br />
== Armaments ==<br />
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}<br />
=== Main armament ===<br />
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}<br />
<!-- ''Give the reader information about the characteristics of the main gun. Assess its effectiveness in a battle based on the reloading speed, ballistics and the power of shells. Do not forget about the flexibility of the fire, that is how quickly the cannon can be aimed at the target, open fire on it and aim at another enemy. Add a link to the main article on the gun: <code><nowiki>{{main|Name of the weapon}}</nowiki></code>. Describe in general terms the ammunition available for the main gun. Give advice on how to use them and how to fill the ammunition storage.'' --><br />
{{main|OTO Melara 120/45 (120 mm)}}<br />
<br />
The Centauro MGS has access to the powerful 120 mm OTO Melara 120/45 smoothbore cannon, the same cannon mounted on the Ariete MBT. It has the same handling as it utilizes the same ammunition and has the same ballistic performance.<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="5" | [[OTO Melara 120/45 (120 mm)|120 mm OTO Melara 120/45]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)<br />
|-<br />
! Mode !! Capacity !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer<br />
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced<br />
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced<br />
|-<br />
! ''Arcade''<br />
| rowspan="2" | 33 || rowspan="2" | -6°/+16° || rowspan="2" | ±180° || rowspan="2" | Two-plane || 25.2 || __._ || __._ || __._ || __._ || rowspan="2" | 6.5 || rowspan="2" | _.__ || rowspan="2" | _.__ || rowspan="2" | 5.0<br />
|-<br />
! ''Realistic''<br />
| 17.0 || __._ || __._ || __._ || __._<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==== Ammunition ====<br />
The Centauro MGS has access to a wide variety of ammunition which are the deadliest at the game, specially the CL3143.<br />
<br />
* DM12A1: this is the starter HEAT-FS round when it comes stock. It can be considered mediocre as the MBTs faced at the battle-rating are more than capable of withstanding it. However, it is specially useful when dealing at long distances and when lightly armoured vehicles are seen (SPAA for example) as they will be hull broken once hit.<br />
* DM33: this is a round seen in most NATO MBTs in the game (or similar to them), it has decent performance and is able to kill pretty much everything it faces with exception of Russian MBTs with CONTACT-5 ERA (unless the K5 is destroyed first).<br />
* CL3143: this is the best performance round in the Italian tree and the second best in game (first one is DM53/63). It is able to penetrate and destroy all MBTs in the game, even Russian MBTs with CONTACT-5 ERA.<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"<br />
! colspan="8" | Penetration statistics<br />
|-<br />
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition<br />
! rowspan="2" | Type of<br>warhead<br />
! colspan="6" | Penetration @ 0° Angle of Attack (mm)<br />
|-<br />
! 10 m !! 100 m !! 500 m !! 1,000 m !! 1,500 m !! 2,000 m<br />
|-<br />
| DM12A1 || HEATFS || 480 || 480 || 480 || 480 || 480 || 480<br />
|-<br />
| DM33 || APFSDS || 481 || 478 || 470 || 461 || 450 || 440<br />
|-<br />
| CL3143 || APFSDS || 625 || 622 || 613 || 601 || 588 || 575<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"<br />
! colspan="10" | Shell details<br />
|-<br />
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition<br />
! rowspan="2" | Type of<br>warhead<br />
! rowspan="2" | Velocity<br>(m/s)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Projectile<br>Mass (kg)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Fuse delay<br>(m)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Fuse sensitivity<br>(mm)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Explosive Mass<br>(TNT equivalent) (g)<br />
! colspan="3" | Ricochet<br />
|-<br />
! 0% !! 50% !! 100%<br />
|-<br />
| DM12A1 || HEATFS || 1,140 || 13.5 || 0.05 || 0.1 || 2,150 || 65° || 72° || 77°<br />
|-<br />
| DM33 || APFSDS || 1,640 || 4.3 || N/A || N/A || N/A || 78° || 80° || 81°<br />
|-<br />
| CL3143 || APFSDS || 1,705 || 5.6 || N/A || N/A || N/A || 78° || 80° || 81°<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==== [[Ammo racks]] ====<br />
[[File:Ammoracks_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg|right|thumb|x250px|[[Ammo racks]] of the {{PAGENAME}}]]<br />
<!-- '''Last updated:''' --><br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"<br />
|-<br />
! Full<br>ammo<br />
! 1st<br>rack empty<br />
! 2nd<br>rack empty<br />
! 3rd<br>rack empty<br />
! Visual<br>discrepancy<br />
|-<br />
| '''33''' || 21&nbsp;''(+12)'' || 9&nbsp;''(+24)'' || 0&nbsp;''(+33)'' || No<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
Note:<br />
<br />
* Contrary to previous Centauros, the MGS does not have a side ready rack.<br />
<br />
=== Machine guns ===<br />
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|2}}<br />
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|3}}<br />
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|4}}<br />
<!-- ''Offensive and anti-aircraft machine guns not only allow you to fight some aircraft but also are effective against lightly armoured vehicles. Evaluate machine guns and give recommendations on its use.'' --><br />
{{main|M2HB (12.7 mm)|Beretta MG42/59 (7.62 mm)}}<br />
<br />
The MGS is armed with the already seen MG42/59 and a newly mounted M2HB. As seen in previous Centauros, the 7.62 mm are only effective against low flying aircraft and obstacle removal, they are inefficient for anything else. However, the M2HB is a nice addition to the anti-aircraft capabilities and even anti-tank capabilities. It is able to damage gun barrels and tracks upon continuous firing and able to take down SPAA like the Tunguska, Roland SAM and ADATS due to their low armour.<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="5" | [[M2HB (12.7 mm)|12.7 mm M2HB]]<br />
|-<br />
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal<br />
|-<br />
| Pintle || 1,080 (200) || 577 || -8°/+20° || -45°/+120°<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="5" | [[Beretta MG42/59 (7.62 mm)|7.62 mm Beretta MG42/59]]<br />
|-<br />
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal<br />
|-<br />
| Coaxial || 4,500 (200) || 1,200 || N/A || N/A<br />
|-<br />
| Pintle || 2,000 (200) || 1,200 || -8°/+20° || ±120°<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
== Usage in battles ==<br />
<!-- ''Describe the tactics of playing in the vehicle, the features of using vehicles in the team and advice on tactics. Refrain from creating a "guide" - do not impose a single point of view but instead give the reader food for thought. Describe the most dangerous enemies and give recommendations on fighting them. If necessary, note the specifics of the game in different modes (AB, RB, SB).'' --><br />
The Centauro MGS should be played as the rest as the Centauros but not quite. Speed, firepower and low profile should be used to perform flanking manoeuvres, get quickly into sniping positions and surprise the enemy.<br />
<br />
'''As a flanker:'''<br />
<br />
The role is pretty straight forward: use your speed and agility to get behind the enemy, cause confusion and engage them as fast as you can. The MGS, like the other Centauros, does not have the issue of needing to stop in order to make a successful flanking. Thanks to the two-plane stabilizer, it is able to fire while moving in order to make the enemies' life difficult when engaging you.<br />
<br />
'''As a sniper:'''<br />
<br />
Like previous Centauros, this is nothing new as the use of thermals, really good zoom sights, fast muzzle velocity rounds and laser rangefinder make this one of the easiest "point-and-click" vehicle in the game. It is recommended to utilize APFSDS when doing long range engagements all the times. Not only for the fact it has much better penetration than the HEATFS but also because of the muzzle velocity. The speed makes it easier to aim than the HEATFS.<br />
<br />
'''Cap rusher:'''<br />
<br />
This is nothing new for any of the Italian wheeled vehicles. Spawn, rush as fast as possible a cap point, capture, leave as fast as possible. This can be done really easily with this Centauro despite what looks like a "sluggish" Centauro. The MGS should not be underestimated in terms of speed.<br />
<br />
=== Pros and cons ===<br />
<!-- ''Summarise and briefly evaluate the vehicle in terms of its characteristics and combat effectiveness. Mark its pros and cons in a bulleted list. Try not to use more than 6 points for each of the characteristics. Avoid using categorical definitions such as "bad", "good" and the like - use substitutions with softer forms such as "inadequate" and "effective".'' --><br />
<br />
'''Pros:'''<br />
<br />
* 120 mm APFSDS offers improved penetration and damage over the 105 mm gun<br />
* Extremely fast and mobile on road<br />
* Has night vision devices and generation 1 gunner thermals<br />
* Good turret traverse speed<br />
* Smoke grenades cover player when there is danger<br />
* 12.7 mm MG is effective against similar light vehicles/helicopters<br />
* An aced crew can fire the second best APFSDS round in the game every five seconds<br />
* Access to the scouting ability<br />
<br />
'''Cons:'''<br />
<br />
* Little to no protection against most projectiles<br />
* Hull-breakable by chemical rounds<br />
* Tall and long<br />
* Very sluggish on soft terrain (mud, snow or sand)<br />
* Rearward turret placement, sometimes frontal hull is exposed while turret is still behind cover<br />
* Only -6 degrees of gun depression<br />
* Stock grind is difficult with vehicle having low manoeuvrability, thin armour and stock HEAT-FS before modifications are unlocked<br />
* High recoil when firing from the sides or rear of the vehicle, knocking the sights off target<br />
<br />
== History ==<br />
<!-- ''Describe the history of the creation and combat usage of the vehicle in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the vehicle and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Vehicle-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>. This section may also include the vehicle's dev blog entry (if applicable) and the in-game encyclopedia description (under <code><nowiki>=== In-game description ===</nowiki></code>, also if applicable).'' --><br />
The story of the B1 Centauro MGS starts during the late stages of the Cold War, there was a need of up gunning the B1 Centauro, already in service in the Italian army, so the Iveco-Oto Melara Consortium (CIO) would take lead. An evaluation of sorts would begin in which the B1 Centauro would have an entirely new turret applied to it. The new turret would be called "HITFACT 105-120 mm (LOW RECOIL FORCE TURRET)", the turret had almost the same weight as the 105 mm turret of the B1 Centauro series (1/2/3), but with an increase in ballistic protection. The new cannon replaced the standard 105 mm cannon with an Italian-made 120 mm one (this brought the firepower on par with the majority of MBTs).<br />
<br />
The turret was made in such a way that it could easily be installed on pretty much anything that could support it, and since it was lightweight this really allowed it to outclass a lot of what it would face. Another reason it being lightweight helped it, was how it had little to no effect to its mobility, which meant the best of both speed and firepower could be achieved. Among other changes, the Hitfact turret would incorporate many advancement that would not be prevalent on many vehicles of its class before.<br />
<br />
The gun would controlled by a new FCS, which included a gunner's self-stabilized day and night IR thermal camera periscope, with an integral eye-safe laser rangefinder. On the turret of the MGS, there is also numerous periscopes positioned at 360°, which can be used by both the gunner and the commander. The MGS is also capable of firing all NATO standard 120 mm munitions, and has shown it can fire rounds such as DM11, a high explosive round with a programmable fuse. One last noteworthy addition were the appliqué screens around the vehicle, which it's said can protect against low calibre autocannon fire.<br />
<br />
The MGS would first be shown to the public in its official debut, at IDEX 2003. During the course of its development, the MGS's would enter limited production, and be used by the Italian army, mainly for testing, such as how a 120 mm version of the Centauro would be(this later on lead to the development of the B2 Centauro). Due to this, the B1 Centauro MGS would change and be offered for export, and as it was being showed in multiple expos, it ended up getting picked up by the Royal Omani Guard. It is not known how many they currently have in service, but what is known is that they decided to repaint them in a tan/brownish pattern to better suit its operational environment. Other than that, Leonardo has kept on marketing the turret system on multiple different hulls, such as one being on the Patria AMV and another being presented on top of a German Marder.<br />
<br />
== Media ==<br />
<!-- ''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.'' --><br />
''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.''<br />
<br />
== See also ==<br />
<!-- ''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''<br />
* ''reference to the series of the vehicles;''<br />
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.'' --><br />
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''<br />
<br />
* ''reference to the series of the vehicles;''<br />
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''<br />
<br />
== External links ==<br />
<!-- ''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''<br />
* ''topic on the official game forum;''<br />
* ''other literature.'' --><br />
<br />
* https://forum.warthunder.com/index.php?/topic/434781-b1-centauro-romor/<br />
<br />
{{Italy tank destroyers}}<br />
[[Category:Wheeled ground vehicles]]</div>U29417738https://wiki.warthunder.com/index.php?title=PTL02&diff=98867PTL022021-03-22T09:52:58Z<p>U29417738: /* Pros and cons */</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Specs-Card<br />
|code=cn_ptl_02<br />
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
== Description ==<br />
<!-- ''In the description, the first part should be about the history of the creation and combat usage of the vehicle, as well as its key features. In the second part, tell the reader about the ground vehicle in the game. Insert a screenshot of the vehicle, so that if the novice player does not remember the vehicle by name, he will immediately understand what kind of vehicle the article is talking about.'' --><br />
The '''{{Specs|name}}''' (Simplified Chinese: PTL02 轮式突击炮; lit. wheeled assault gun) is a rank {{Specs|rank}} Chinese light tank {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update "Ixwa Strike"]].<br />
<br />
Based on the WZ551 6x6 chassis developed in early 1990s (it shares the same chassis with ZSL-92), this vehicle is also the very first wheeled assault gun of the Chinese TT. Having subpar speed compare to the similar BR wheeled vehicles (at 85 km/h on road) and paper-like protection, it might not be the first vehicle with a role as sniper platform and flanks, but still a significantly faster vehicle than all PLAGF/ROCA vehicles has to offer for now. With its high velocity 100 mm smoothbore AT gun on-board, it can do some damage with the APFSDS at 220 mm RHA penetration at point-blank range. This vehicle has thermal sights with acceptable resolution, which can be precious at its BR since it can significantly speed up the seek and destroy process.<br />
<br />
== General info ==<br />
=== Survivability and armour ===<br />
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}<br />
<!-- ''Describe armour protection. Note the most well protected and key weak areas. Appreciate the layout of modules as well as the number and location of crew members. Is the level of armour protection sufficient, is the placement of modules helpful for survival in combat? If necessary use a visual template to indicate the most secure and weak zones of the armour.'' --><br />
<br />
One of the major drawback of this vehicle is the inferior protect against any calibre bigger than 12.7 mm since only the turret has more than 20 mm of armour that can stop HMG rounds from some range, other than that it's 5 to 10 mm of armour all around. Avoid anything with a HMG or any autocannon vehicles (including aircraft) at all cost, because it is very likely you will not have the second chance to return fire and knock the enemy out.<br />
<br />
'''Armour type:'''<br />
<br />
* Rolled homogeneous armour<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|-<br />
! Armour !! Front (Slope angle) !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof<br />
|-<br />
| Hull || 10 mm (33°) ''Driver viewport glacis'' <br> 10 mm (78°) ''Upper Glacis'' <br> 10 mm (40°) ''Lower Glacis'' || 8 mm (25°) ''Top'' <br> 10 mm (6°) ''Bottom'' <br> 8mm (27°)''Wheelwells'' || 6 mm (4°) ''Upper plate'' <br> 6 mm (48°) ''Lower glacis'' || 10 mm (12°) ''Front glacis'' <br> 6 mm ''Driver hatch'' <br> 6 mm'' Centre''<br />
|-<br />
| Turret || 30 mm (31°) ''Turret front'' <br> 20 mm (29°) ''Turret Cheeks'' <br> 30 mm (0°) ''Gun mantlet'' || 20 mm (23°) ''Frontal'' <br> 20 mm (9°) ''Rear'' || 5 mm (14°) || 10 mm (12°) <br> 10 mm (13°) ''Centre''<br />
|-<br />
| Cupola || colspan="3" | 10 mm (cylindrical) || 10 mm<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
=== Mobility ===<br />
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}<br />
<!-- ''Write about the mobility of the ground vehicle. Estimate the specific power and manoeuvrability, as well as the maximum speed forwards and backwards.'' --><br />
<br />
{{tankMobility|abMinHp=496|rbMinHp=283}}<br />
<br />
Powered by a licensed BF8L413F 325 hp diesel engine from Germany, it can push this vehicle at the speed of 85 km/h ( and -8 km/h in reverse) on road. This vehicle still lags behind all wheeled assault guns in the game, making it the slowest at present, as well as the common problem for wheeled vehicles performing worse on soft terrain, which in this specific case is even worse due to the inferior power-to-weight ratio. Another negative aspect of the PTL02's mobility is the absurdly slow reverse speed of only ~7km/h, meaning it lacks the agility wheeled vehicles should have and will not be able to quickly back out from danger.<br />
<br />
To make the most out of the good top speed, it will need to navigate on hard terrain (roads, urban surfaces) for the best result. If the situation requires for you to use this gun as a last-ditch weapon on hilly and soft terrain maps, try your best not to get stuck since the lack of mobility will absolutely be the death sentence of this vehicle.<br />
<br />
=== Modifications and economy ===<br />
{{Specs-Economy}}<br />
<br />
== Armaments ==<br />
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}<br />
=== Main armament ===<br />
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}<br />
<!-- ''Give the reader information about the characteristics of the main gun. Assess its effectiveness in a battle based on the reloading speed, ballistics and the power of shells. Do not forget about the flexibility of the fire, that is how quickly the cannon can be aimed at the target, open fire on it and aim at another enemy. Add a link to the main article on the gun: <code><nowiki>{{main|Name of the weapon}}</nowiki></code>. Describe in general terms the ammunition available for the main gun. Give advice on how to use them and how to fill the ammunition storage.'' --><br />
{{main|PTP86 (100 mm)}}<br />
<br />
The 100 mm PTP-86 smoothbore gun found on this vehicle was a improvement on the earlier Soviet based PTP-73 (Type 73) AT gun with the same calibre. The PTP-86 has similar performance as the [[Type 69]]'s gun and players can get used to it fairly quickly. Bear in mind the slow reload and poor gun depression.<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="5" | [[PTP86 (100 mm)|100 mm PTP86]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)<br />
|-<br />
! Mode !! Capacity !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer<br />
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced<br />
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced<br />
|-<br />
! ''Arcade''<br />
| rowspan="2" | 30 || rowspan="2" | -4°/+18° || rowspan="2" | ±180° || rowspan="2" | Two-plane || __._ || __._ || __._ || __._ || __._ || rowspan="2" | _.__ || rowspan="2" | _.__ || rowspan="2" | _.__ || rowspan="2" | _.__<br />
|-<br />
! ''Realistic''<br />
| __._ || __._ || __._ || __._ || __._<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==== Ammunition ====<br />
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"<br />
! colspan="8" | Penetration statistics<br />
|-<br />
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition<br />
! rowspan="2" | Type of<br>warhead<br />
! colspan="6" | Penetration @ 0° Angle of Attack (mm)<br />
|-<br />
! 10 m !! 100 m !! 500 m !! 1,000 m !! 1,500 m !! 2,000 m<br />
|-<br />
| 1-72-85 APDS-FS || APFSDS || 220 || 213 || 193 || 173 || 156 || 140<br />
|-<br />
| 1-71-74 HE || HE || 17 || 17 || 17 || 17 || 17 || 17<br />
|-<br />
| Type 1973 HEAT-FS || HEATFS || 390 || 390 || 390 || 390 || 390 || 390<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"<br />
! colspan="10" | Shell details<br />
|-<br />
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition<br />
! rowspan="2" | Type of<br>warhead<br />
! rowspan="2" | Velocity<br>(m/s)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Projectile<br>Mass (kg)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Fuse delay<br>(m)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Fuse sensitivity<br>(mm)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Explosive Mass<br>(TNT equivalent) (g)<br />
! colspan="3" | Ricochet<br />
|-<br />
! 0% !! 50% !! 100%<br />
|-<br />
| 1-72-85 APDS-FS || APFSDS || 1,505 || 4.7 || N/A || N/A || N/A || 76° || 77° || 80°<br />
|-<br />
| 1-71-74 HE || HE || 900 || 15 || 0 || 0.1 || 1,300 || 79° || 80° || 81°<br />
|-<br />
| Type 1973 HEAT-FS || HEATFS || 1,000 || 10.05 || 0.05 || 0.1 || 1,180 || 65° || 72° || 77°<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==== [[Ammo racks]] ====<br />
<!-- [[File:Ammoracks_{{PAGENAME}}.png|right|thumb|x250px|[[Ammo racks]] of the {{PAGENAME}}]] --><br />
<!-- '''Last updated:''' --><br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"<br />
|-<br />
! Full<br>ammo<br />
! 1st<br>rack empty<br />
! 2nd<br>rack empty<br />
! 3rd<br>rack empty<br />
! 4th<br>rack empty<br />
! 5th<br>rack empty<br />
! 6th<br>rack empty<br />
! Visual<br>discrepancy<br />
|-<br />
| '''30''' || __&nbsp;''(+__)'' || __&nbsp;''(+__)'' || __&nbsp;''(+__)'' || __&nbsp;''(+__)'' || __&nbsp;''(+__)'' || __&nbsp;''(+__)'' || __<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
=== Machine guns ===<br />
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|2}}<br />
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|3}}<br />
<!-- ''Offensive and anti-aircraft machine guns not only allow you to fight some aircraft but also are effective against lightly armoured vehicles. Evaluate machine guns and give recommendations on its use.'' --><br />
{{main|QJC88A (12.7 mm)|Type 86 (7.62 mm)}}<br />
<br />
The turret-mounted 12.7 mm QJC88A HMG has already become the standardized HMG for most PLAGF vehicles after the 1990s. The main usage of the HMG is to deal with lightly protected vehicles and low-flying aircraft including helicopters. It can also effectively damage gun barrels, tracks, optics, MG, and ERA to assist teammates in destroying enemies, though this may require more belts.<br />
<br />
The 7.62 mm MG, on the other hand, is only useful in clearing obstacles such as fences, marking out enemy positions on the minimap, or knocking out exposed crew on certain vehicles (eg. M113 TOW). It lacks the penetration to pierce through even lightly armoured vehicles.<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="5" | [[QJC88A (12.7 mm)|12.7 mm QJC88A]]<br />
|-<br />
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal<br />
|-<br />
| Pintle || 500 (150) || 700 || -5°/+60° || ±180°<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="5" | [[Type 86 (7.62 mm)|7.62 mm Type 86]]<br />
|-<br />
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal<br />
|-<br />
| Coaxial || 800 (250) || 700 || N/A || N/A<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
== Usage in battles ==<br />
<!-- ''Describe the tactics of playing in the vehicle, the features of using vehicles in the team and advice on tactics. Refrain from creating a "guide" - do not impose a single point of view but instead give the reader food for thought. Describe the most dangerous enemies and give recommendations on fighting them. If necessary, note the specifics of the game in different modes (AB, RB, SB).'' --><br />
Being a wheeled vehicle and the very first wheeled assault gun of the Chinese tech tree, mobility and its gun sight is where it shines.<br />
<br />
With its 85 km/h speed, flanking is the key to avoid any direct fire from pretty much any vehicles with 12.7 mm as its weapon and above, because of the negligible protection found on this vehicle, take all precautions and avoid rushing into direct fire at all cost, you will not have the luxury of having the second chance to return fire. Being currently the slowest wheeled assault gun in the game, taking advantage points might not be possible with the inferior top speed and only getting worse in off-road situations, complicated terrains are problematic for this vehicle that will excels better in urban combats. Any aircraft is a lethal threat, with either guns or rockets, so keep away from their sight.<br />
<br />
While the gun does sufficient damage to vehicles at lower tier or lightly protected tanks, it will have trouble with Cold-War heavy tanks such as [[M103]] or tanks with rounded hull such as [[M48 Patton (Family)|M48 Patton]]. Bringing some HEATFS help deal with such vehicles. Due to the late introduction of this vehicle in-game wise (2002), this vehicle has thermal sights, with sufficient resolution to help players find targets. Utilize your mobility and the high velocity 100 mm smoothbore gun to clean up any potential flankers.<br />
<br />
=== Pros and cons ===<br />
<!-- ''Summarise and briefly evaluate the vehicle in terms of its characteristics and combat effectiveness. Mark its pros and cons in a bulleted list. Try not to use more than 6 points for each of the characteristics. Avoid using categorical definitions such as "bad", "good" and the like - use substitutions with softer forms such as "inadequate" and "effective".'' --><br />
<br />
'''Pros:'''<br />
<br />
* High speed and agility on hard and even terrain<br />
* Hard-hitting 100 mm cannon firing powerful HEATFS and APFSDS shells<br />
* Gunner thermal optics significantly boost its fighting capacity, especially at night<br />
* Thin armour may cause overpenetration, leading to minimal shrapnel damage<br />
* Fast turret traverse<br />
* Two-plane stabiliser allows better targeting<br />
* Roof-mounted 12.7 mm HMG is lethal against helicopters and light vehicles<br />
<br />
'''Cons:'''<br />
<br />
* Extremely slow reverse speed for a wheeled vehicle<br />
* Poor gun depression (-4 degrees) renders it useless in hilly battlefields<br />
* Very thin armour, can be mowed down by common .50 cals frontally as well as hull-broken by HEAT<br />
* Tall profile<br />
* Huge recoil, firing to the sides or on a slope will cause severe hull wobbling<br />
* As with other wheeled vehicles, poor mobility on soft or uneven terrain<br />
* No thermal sight for commander<br />
* Reloads quite slowly(~10 seconds)<br />
* Abysmal penetration figures for the 1-72-85 APDS-FS round against heavily armoured vehicles - expect the round to frequently non-pen or bounce off common Russian T-62's, British Chieftains and American M60's<br />
<br />
== History ==<br />
<!-- ''Describe the history of the creation and combat usage of the vehicle in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the vehicle and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Vehicle-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>. This section may also include the vehicle's dev blog entry (if applicable) and the in-game encyclopedia description (under <code><nowiki>=== In-game description ===</nowiki></code>, also if applicable).'' --><br />
=== [[wt:en/news/7047-development-ptl02-chinese-wheels-en|Devblog]] ===<br />
In the late 1980's, the NORINCO corporation successfully tested the Type 87 armored vehicle. The prototype featured a 6x6 chassis of a prospective Type 90 armored personnel carrier with a 100mm anti-tank gun. The prototype vehicle successfully passed the tests, but was not put into service.<br />
<br />
The army authorities returned to the project in the early 90's, when, in the course of modernization, the PLA began to form mobile motorized infantry formations. This was where the Type 87 researches came in handy: by 2003, on the same 6x6 chassis of the new Chinese armored vehicles ZSL92 and ZSL92A, a PTL02 infantry support vehicle appeared with a 100mm smooth-bore cannon in the turret. The 19-ton infantry fire support vehicle possessed significant mobility and a weapon capable of effectively destroying fortifications and armored vehicles, except for modern MBTs.<br />
<br />
Mass production of the PTL02 has been going on since 2004, the SPG is widely used by the Chinese army and is produced for export in a version with a 105mm gun, unified for the use of Western-style ammunition.<br />
<br />
== Media ==<br />
<!-- ''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.'' --><gallery mode="packed" heights="150"><br />
File:PTL02 WTWallpaper 01.jpg|<br />
File:PTL02 WTWallpaper 02.jpg|<br />
File:PTL02 WTWallpaper 03.jpg|<br />
File:PTL02 WTWallpaper 04.jpg|<br />
File:PTL02 WTWallpaper 05.jpg|<br />
File:PTL02 WTWallpaper 06.jpg|<br />
</gallery><br />
<br />
== See also ==<br />
<!-- ''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''<br />
* ''reference to the series of the vehicles;''<br />
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.'' --><br />
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''<br />
<br />
* ''reference to the series of the vehicles;''<br />
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''<br />
<br />
== External links ==<br />
<!-- ''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''<br />
* ''topic on the official game forum;''<br />
* ''other literature.'' --><br />
''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''<br />
<br />
* ''topic on the official game forum;''<br />
* ''other literature.''<br />
<br />
{{China light tanks}}<br />
[[Category:Wheeled ground vehicles]]</div>U29417738https://wiki.warthunder.com/index.php?title=PTL02&diff=98866PTL022021-03-22T09:52:08Z<p>U29417738: /* Pros and cons */</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Specs-Card<br />
|code=cn_ptl_02<br />
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
== Description ==<br />
<!-- ''In the description, the first part should be about the history of the creation and combat usage of the vehicle, as well as its key features. In the second part, tell the reader about the ground vehicle in the game. Insert a screenshot of the vehicle, so that if the novice player does not remember the vehicle by name, he will immediately understand what kind of vehicle the article is talking about.'' --><br />
The '''{{Specs|name}}''' (Simplified Chinese: PTL02 轮式突击炮; lit. wheeled assault gun) is a rank {{Specs|rank}} Chinese light tank {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update "Ixwa Strike"]].<br />
<br />
Based on the WZ551 6x6 chassis developed in early 1990s (it shares the same chassis with ZSL-92), this vehicle is also the very first wheeled assault gun of the Chinese TT. Having subpar speed compare to the similar BR wheeled vehicles (at 85 km/h on road) and paper-like protection, it might not be the first vehicle with a role as sniper platform and flanks, but still a significantly faster vehicle than all PLAGF/ROCA vehicles has to offer for now. With its high velocity 100 mm smoothbore AT gun on-board, it can do some damage with the APFSDS at 220 mm RHA penetration at point-blank range. This vehicle has thermal sights with acceptable resolution, which can be precious at its BR since it can significantly speed up the seek and destroy process.<br />
<br />
== General info ==<br />
=== Survivability and armour ===<br />
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}<br />
<!-- ''Describe armour protection. Note the most well protected and key weak areas. Appreciate the layout of modules as well as the number and location of crew members. Is the level of armour protection sufficient, is the placement of modules helpful for survival in combat? If necessary use a visual template to indicate the most secure and weak zones of the armour.'' --><br />
<br />
One of the major drawback of this vehicle is the inferior protect against any calibre bigger than 12.7 mm since only the turret has more than 20 mm of armour that can stop HMG rounds from some range, other than that it's 5 to 10 mm of armour all around. Avoid anything with a HMG or any autocannon vehicles (including aircraft) at all cost, because it is very likely you will not have the second chance to return fire and knock the enemy out.<br />
<br />
'''Armour type:'''<br />
<br />
* Rolled homogeneous armour<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|-<br />
! Armour !! Front (Slope angle) !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof<br />
|-<br />
| Hull || 10 mm (33°) ''Driver viewport glacis'' <br> 10 mm (78°) ''Upper Glacis'' <br> 10 mm (40°) ''Lower Glacis'' || 8 mm (25°) ''Top'' <br> 10 mm (6°) ''Bottom'' <br> 8mm (27°)''Wheelwells'' || 6 mm (4°) ''Upper plate'' <br> 6 mm (48°) ''Lower glacis'' || 10 mm (12°) ''Front glacis'' <br> 6 mm ''Driver hatch'' <br> 6 mm'' Centre''<br />
|-<br />
| Turret || 30 mm (31°) ''Turret front'' <br> 20 mm (29°) ''Turret Cheeks'' <br> 30 mm (0°) ''Gun mantlet'' || 20 mm (23°) ''Frontal'' <br> 20 mm (9°) ''Rear'' || 5 mm (14°) || 10 mm (12°) <br> 10 mm (13°) ''Centre''<br />
|-<br />
| Cupola || colspan="3" | 10 mm (cylindrical) || 10 mm<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
=== Mobility ===<br />
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}<br />
<!-- ''Write about the mobility of the ground vehicle. Estimate the specific power and manoeuvrability, as well as the maximum speed forwards and backwards.'' --><br />
<br />
{{tankMobility|abMinHp=496|rbMinHp=283}}<br />
<br />
Powered by a licensed BF8L413F 325 hp diesel engine from Germany, it can push this vehicle at the speed of 85 km/h ( and -8 km/h in reverse) on road. This vehicle still lags behind all wheeled assault guns in the game, making it the slowest at present, as well as the common problem for wheeled vehicles performing worse on soft terrain, which in this specific case is even worse due to the inferior power-to-weight ratio. Another negative aspect of the PTL02's mobility is the absurdly slow reverse speed of only ~7km/h, meaning it lacks the agility wheeled vehicles should have and will not be able to quickly back out from danger.<br />
<br />
To make the most out of the good top speed, it will need to navigate on hard terrain (roads, urban surfaces) for the best result. If the situation requires for you to use this gun as a last-ditch weapon on hilly and soft terrain maps, try your best not to get stuck since the lack of mobility will absolutely be the death sentence of this vehicle.<br />
<br />
=== Modifications and economy ===<br />
{{Specs-Economy}}<br />
<br />
== Armaments ==<br />
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}<br />
=== Main armament ===<br />
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}<br />
<!-- ''Give the reader information about the characteristics of the main gun. Assess its effectiveness in a battle based on the reloading speed, ballistics and the power of shells. Do not forget about the flexibility of the fire, that is how quickly the cannon can be aimed at the target, open fire on it and aim at another enemy. Add a link to the main article on the gun: <code><nowiki>{{main|Name of the weapon}}</nowiki></code>. Describe in general terms the ammunition available for the main gun. Give advice on how to use them and how to fill the ammunition storage.'' --><br />
{{main|PTP86 (100 mm)}}<br />
<br />
The 100 mm PTP-86 smoothbore gun found on this vehicle was a improvement on the earlier Soviet based PTP-73 (Type 73) AT gun with the same calibre. The PTP-86 has similar performance as the [[Type 69]]'s gun and players can get used to it fairly quickly. Bear in mind the slow reload and poor gun depression.<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="5" | [[PTP86 (100 mm)|100 mm PTP86]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)<br />
|-<br />
! Mode !! Capacity !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer<br />
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced<br />
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced<br />
|-<br />
! ''Arcade''<br />
| rowspan="2" | 30 || rowspan="2" | -4°/+18° || rowspan="2" | ±180° || rowspan="2" | Two-plane || __._ || __._ || __._ || __._ || __._ || rowspan="2" | _.__ || rowspan="2" | _.__ || rowspan="2" | _.__ || rowspan="2" | _.__<br />
|-<br />
! ''Realistic''<br />
| __._ || __._ || __._ || __._ || __._<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==== Ammunition ====<br />
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"<br />
! colspan="8" | Penetration statistics<br />
|-<br />
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition<br />
! rowspan="2" | Type of<br>warhead<br />
! colspan="6" | Penetration @ 0° Angle of Attack (mm)<br />
|-<br />
! 10 m !! 100 m !! 500 m !! 1,000 m !! 1,500 m !! 2,000 m<br />
|-<br />
| 1-72-85 APDS-FS || APFSDS || 220 || 213 || 193 || 173 || 156 || 140<br />
|-<br />
| 1-71-74 HE || HE || 17 || 17 || 17 || 17 || 17 || 17<br />
|-<br />
| Type 1973 HEAT-FS || HEATFS || 390 || 390 || 390 || 390 || 390 || 390<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"<br />
! colspan="10" | Shell details<br />
|-<br />
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition<br />
! rowspan="2" | Type of<br>warhead<br />
! rowspan="2" | Velocity<br>(m/s)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Projectile<br>Mass (kg)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Fuse delay<br>(m)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Fuse sensitivity<br>(mm)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Explosive Mass<br>(TNT equivalent) (g)<br />
! colspan="3" | Ricochet<br />
|-<br />
! 0% !! 50% !! 100%<br />
|-<br />
| 1-72-85 APDS-FS || APFSDS || 1,505 || 4.7 || N/A || N/A || N/A || 76° || 77° || 80°<br />
|-<br />
| 1-71-74 HE || HE || 900 || 15 || 0 || 0.1 || 1,300 || 79° || 80° || 81°<br />
|-<br />
| Type 1973 HEAT-FS || HEATFS || 1,000 || 10.05 || 0.05 || 0.1 || 1,180 || 65° || 72° || 77°<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==== [[Ammo racks]] ====<br />
<!-- [[File:Ammoracks_{{PAGENAME}}.png|right|thumb|x250px|[[Ammo racks]] of the {{PAGENAME}}]] --><br />
<!-- '''Last updated:''' --><br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"<br />
|-<br />
! Full<br>ammo<br />
! 1st<br>rack empty<br />
! 2nd<br>rack empty<br />
! 3rd<br>rack empty<br />
! 4th<br>rack empty<br />
! 5th<br>rack empty<br />
! 6th<br>rack empty<br />
! Visual<br>discrepancy<br />
|-<br />
| '''30''' || __&nbsp;''(+__)'' || __&nbsp;''(+__)'' || __&nbsp;''(+__)'' || __&nbsp;''(+__)'' || __&nbsp;''(+__)'' || __&nbsp;''(+__)'' || __<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
=== Machine guns ===<br />
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|2}}<br />
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|3}}<br />
<!-- ''Offensive and anti-aircraft machine guns not only allow you to fight some aircraft but also are effective against lightly armoured vehicles. Evaluate machine guns and give recommendations on its use.'' --><br />
{{main|QJC88A (12.7 mm)|Type 86 (7.62 mm)}}<br />
<br />
The turret-mounted 12.7 mm QJC88A HMG has already become the standardized HMG for most PLAGF vehicles after the 1990s. The main usage of the HMG is to deal with lightly protected vehicles and low-flying aircraft including helicopters. It can also effectively damage gun barrels, tracks, optics, MG, and ERA to assist teammates in destroying enemies, though this may require more belts.<br />
<br />
The 7.62 mm MG, on the other hand, is only useful in clearing obstacles such as fences, marking out enemy positions on the minimap, or knocking out exposed crew on certain vehicles (eg. M113 TOW). It lacks the penetration to pierce through even lightly armoured vehicles.<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="5" | [[QJC88A (12.7 mm)|12.7 mm QJC88A]]<br />
|-<br />
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal<br />
|-<br />
| Pintle || 500 (150) || 700 || -5°/+60° || ±180°<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="5" | [[Type 86 (7.62 mm)|7.62 mm Type 86]]<br />
|-<br />
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal<br />
|-<br />
| Coaxial || 800 (250) || 700 || N/A || N/A<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
== Usage in battles ==<br />
<!-- ''Describe the tactics of playing in the vehicle, the features of using vehicles in the team and advice on tactics. Refrain from creating a "guide" - do not impose a single point of view but instead give the reader food for thought. Describe the most dangerous enemies and give recommendations on fighting them. If necessary, note the specifics of the game in different modes (AB, RB, SB).'' --><br />
Being a wheeled vehicle and the very first wheeled assault gun of the Chinese tech tree, mobility and its gun sight is where it shines.<br />
<br />
With its 85 km/h speed, flanking is the key to avoid any direct fire from pretty much any vehicles with 12.7 mm as its weapon and above, because of the negligible protection found on this vehicle, take all precautions and avoid rushing into direct fire at all cost, you will not have the luxury of having the second chance to return fire. Being currently the slowest wheeled assault gun in the game, taking advantage points might not be possible with the inferior top speed and only getting worse in off-road situations, complicated terrains are problematic for this vehicle that will excels better in urban combats. Any aircraft is a lethal threat, with either guns or rockets, so keep away from their sight.<br />
<br />
While the gun does sufficient damage to vehicles at lower tier or lightly protected tanks, it will have trouble with Cold-War heavy tanks such as [[M103]] or tanks with rounded hull such as [[M48 Patton (Family)|M48 Patton]]. Bringing some HEATFS help deal with such vehicles. Due to the late introduction of this vehicle in-game wise (2002), this vehicle has thermal sights, with sufficient resolution to help players find targets. Utilize your mobility and the high velocity 100 mm smoothbore gun to clean up any potential flankers.<br />
<br />
=== Pros and cons ===<br />
<!-- ''Summarise and briefly evaluate the vehicle in terms of its characteristics and combat effectiveness. Mark its pros and cons in a bulleted list. Try not to use more than 6 points for each of the characteristics. Avoid using categorical definitions such as "bad", "good" and the like - use substitutions with softer forms such as "inadequate" and "effective".'' --><br />
<br />
'''Pros:'''<br />
<br />
* High speed and agility on hard and even terrain<br />
* Hard-hitting 100 mm cannon firing powerful HEATFS and APFSDS shells<br />
* Gunner thermal optics significantly boost its fighting capacity, especially at night<br />
* Thin armour may cause overpenetration, leading to minimal shrapnel damage<br />
* Fast turret traverse<br />
* Two-plane stabiliser allows better targeting<br />
* Roof-mounted 12.7 mm HMG is lethal against helicopters and light vehicles<br />
<br />
'''Cons:'''<br />
<br />
* Extremely slow reverse speed for a wheeled vehicle<br />
* Poor gun depression (-4 degrees) renders it useless in hilly battlefields<br />
* Very thin armour, can be mowed down by common .50 cals frontally as well as hull-broken by HEAT<br />
* Tall profile<br />
* Huge recoil, firing to the sides or on a slope will cause severe hull wobbling<br />
* As with other wheeled vehicles, poor mobility on soft or uneven terrain<br />
* No thermal sight for commander<br />
* Reloads quite slowly(~10 seconds)<br />
* Abysmal penetration figures for the 1-72-85 APDS-FS round against heavily armoured vehicles - expect the round to frequently non-pen or bounce off (especially) Russian T-62's, British Chieftains and American M60's<br />
<br />
== History ==<br />
<!-- ''Describe the history of the creation and combat usage of the vehicle in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the vehicle and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Vehicle-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>. This section may also include the vehicle's dev blog entry (if applicable) and the in-game encyclopedia description (under <code><nowiki>=== In-game description ===</nowiki></code>, also if applicable).'' --><br />
=== [[wt:en/news/7047-development-ptl02-chinese-wheels-en|Devblog]] ===<br />
In the late 1980's, the NORINCO corporation successfully tested the Type 87 armored vehicle. The prototype featured a 6x6 chassis of a prospective Type 90 armored personnel carrier with a 100mm anti-tank gun. The prototype vehicle successfully passed the tests, but was not put into service.<br />
<br />
The army authorities returned to the project in the early 90's, when, in the course of modernization, the PLA began to form mobile motorized infantry formations. This was where the Type 87 researches came in handy: by 2003, on the same 6x6 chassis of the new Chinese armored vehicles ZSL92 and ZSL92A, a PTL02 infantry support vehicle appeared with a 100mm smooth-bore cannon in the turret. The 19-ton infantry fire support vehicle possessed significant mobility and a weapon capable of effectively destroying fortifications and armored vehicles, except for modern MBTs.<br />
<br />
Mass production of the PTL02 has been going on since 2004, the SPG is widely used by the Chinese army and is produced for export in a version with a 105mm gun, unified for the use of Western-style ammunition.<br />
<br />
== Media ==<br />
<!-- ''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.'' --><gallery mode="packed" heights="150"><br />
File:PTL02 WTWallpaper 01.jpg|<br />
File:PTL02 WTWallpaper 02.jpg|<br />
File:PTL02 WTWallpaper 03.jpg|<br />
File:PTL02 WTWallpaper 04.jpg|<br />
File:PTL02 WTWallpaper 05.jpg|<br />
File:PTL02 WTWallpaper 06.jpg|<br />
</gallery><br />
<br />
== See also ==<br />
<!-- ''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''<br />
* ''reference to the series of the vehicles;''<br />
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.'' --><br />
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''<br />
<br />
* ''reference to the series of the vehicles;''<br />
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''<br />
<br />
== External links ==<br />
<!-- ''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''<br />
* ''topic on the official game forum;''<br />
* ''other literature.'' --><br />
''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''<br />
<br />
* ''topic on the official game forum;''<br />
* ''other literature.''<br />
<br />
{{China light tanks}}<br />
[[Category:Wheeled ground vehicles]]</div>U29417738https://wiki.warthunder.com/index.php?title=PTL02&diff=98864PTL022021-03-22T09:49:15Z<p>U29417738: /* Pros and cons */</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Specs-Card<br />
|code=cn_ptl_02<br />
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
== Description ==<br />
<!-- ''In the description, the first part should be about the history of the creation and combat usage of the vehicle, as well as its key features. In the second part, tell the reader about the ground vehicle in the game. Insert a screenshot of the vehicle, so that if the novice player does not remember the vehicle by name, he will immediately understand what kind of vehicle the article is talking about.'' --><br />
The '''{{Specs|name}}''' (Simplified Chinese: PTL02 轮式突击炮; lit. wheeled assault gun) is a rank {{Specs|rank}} Chinese light tank {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update "Ixwa Strike"]].<br />
<br />
Based on the WZ551 6x6 chassis developed in early 1990s (it shares the same chassis with ZSL-92), this vehicle is also the very first wheeled assault gun of the Chinese TT. Having subpar speed compare to the similar BR wheeled vehicles (at 85 km/h on road) and paper-like protection, it might not be the first vehicle with a role as sniper platform and flanks, but still a significantly faster vehicle than all PLAGF/ROCA vehicles has to offer for now. With its high velocity 100 mm smoothbore AT gun on-board, it can do some damage with the APFSDS at 220 mm RHA penetration at point-blank range. This vehicle has thermal sights with acceptable resolution, which can be precious at its BR since it can significantly speed up the seek and destroy process.<br />
<br />
== General info ==<br />
=== Survivability and armour ===<br />
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}<br />
<!-- ''Describe armour protection. Note the most well protected and key weak areas. Appreciate the layout of modules as well as the number and location of crew members. Is the level of armour protection sufficient, is the placement of modules helpful for survival in combat? If necessary use a visual template to indicate the most secure and weak zones of the armour.'' --><br />
<br />
One of the major drawback of this vehicle is the inferior protect against any calibre bigger than 12.7 mm since only the turret has more than 20 mm of armour that can stop HMG rounds from some range, other than that it's 5 to 10 mm of armour all around. Avoid anything with a HMG or any autocannon vehicles (including aircraft) at all cost, because it is very likely you will not have the second chance to return fire and knock the enemy out.<br />
<br />
'''Armour type:'''<br />
<br />
* Rolled homogeneous armour<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|-<br />
! Armour !! Front (Slope angle) !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof<br />
|-<br />
| Hull || 10 mm (33°) ''Driver viewport glacis'' <br> 10 mm (78°) ''Upper Glacis'' <br> 10 mm (40°) ''Lower Glacis'' || 8 mm (25°) ''Top'' <br> 10 mm (6°) ''Bottom'' <br> 8mm (27°)''Wheelwells'' || 6 mm (4°) ''Upper plate'' <br> 6 mm (48°) ''Lower glacis'' || 10 mm (12°) ''Front glacis'' <br> 6 mm ''Driver hatch'' <br> 6 mm'' Centre''<br />
|-<br />
| Turret || 30 mm (31°) ''Turret front'' <br> 20 mm (29°) ''Turret Cheeks'' <br> 30 mm (0°) ''Gun mantlet'' || 20 mm (23°) ''Frontal'' <br> 20 mm (9°) ''Rear'' || 5 mm (14°) || 10 mm (12°) <br> 10 mm (13°) ''Centre''<br />
|-<br />
| Cupola || colspan="3" | 10 mm (cylindrical) || 10 mm<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
=== Mobility ===<br />
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}<br />
<!-- ''Write about the mobility of the ground vehicle. Estimate the specific power and manoeuvrability, as well as the maximum speed forwards and backwards.'' --><br />
<br />
{{tankMobility|abMinHp=496|rbMinHp=283}}<br />
<br />
Powered by a licensed BF8L413F 325 hp diesel engine from Germany, it can push this vehicle at the speed of 85 km/h ( and -8 km/h in reverse) on road. This vehicle still lags behind all wheeled assault guns in the game, making it the slowest at present, as well as the common problem for wheeled vehicles performing worse on soft terrain, which in this specific case is even worse due to the inferior power-to-weight ratio. Another negative aspect of the PTL02's mobility is the absurdly slow reverse speed of only ~7km/h, meaning it lacks the agility wheeled vehicles should have and will not be able to quickly back out from danger.<br />
<br />
To make the most out of the good top speed, it will need to navigate on hard terrain (roads, urban surfaces) for the best result. If the situation requires for you to use this gun as a last-ditch weapon on hilly and soft terrain maps, try your best not to get stuck since the lack of mobility will absolutely be the death sentence of this vehicle.<br />
<br />
=== Modifications and economy ===<br />
{{Specs-Economy}}<br />
<br />
== Armaments ==<br />
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}<br />
=== Main armament ===<br />
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}<br />
<!-- ''Give the reader information about the characteristics of the main gun. Assess its effectiveness in a battle based on the reloading speed, ballistics and the power of shells. Do not forget about the flexibility of the fire, that is how quickly the cannon can be aimed at the target, open fire on it and aim at another enemy. Add a link to the main article on the gun: <code><nowiki>{{main|Name of the weapon}}</nowiki></code>. Describe in general terms the ammunition available for the main gun. Give advice on how to use them and how to fill the ammunition storage.'' --><br />
{{main|PTP86 (100 mm)}}<br />
<br />
The 100 mm PTP-86 smoothbore gun found on this vehicle was a improvement on the earlier Soviet based PTP-73 (Type 73) AT gun with the same calibre. The PTP-86 has similar performance as the [[Type 69]]'s gun and players can get used to it fairly quickly. Bear in mind the slow reload and poor gun depression.<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="5" | [[PTP86 (100 mm)|100 mm PTP86]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)<br />
|-<br />
! Mode !! Capacity !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer<br />
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced<br />
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced<br />
|-<br />
! ''Arcade''<br />
| rowspan="2" | 30 || rowspan="2" | -4°/+18° || rowspan="2" | ±180° || rowspan="2" | Two-plane || __._ || __._ || __._ || __._ || __._ || rowspan="2" | _.__ || rowspan="2" | _.__ || rowspan="2" | _.__ || rowspan="2" | _.__<br />
|-<br />
! ''Realistic''<br />
| __._ || __._ || __._ || __._ || __._<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==== Ammunition ====<br />
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"<br />
! colspan="8" | Penetration statistics<br />
|-<br />
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition<br />
! rowspan="2" | Type of<br>warhead<br />
! colspan="6" | Penetration @ 0° Angle of Attack (mm)<br />
|-<br />
! 10 m !! 100 m !! 500 m !! 1,000 m !! 1,500 m !! 2,000 m<br />
|-<br />
| 1-72-85 APDS-FS || APFSDS || 220 || 213 || 193 || 173 || 156 || 140<br />
|-<br />
| 1-71-74 HE || HE || 17 || 17 || 17 || 17 || 17 || 17<br />
|-<br />
| Type 1973 HEAT-FS || HEATFS || 390 || 390 || 390 || 390 || 390 || 390<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"<br />
! colspan="10" | Shell details<br />
|-<br />
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition<br />
! rowspan="2" | Type of<br>warhead<br />
! rowspan="2" | Velocity<br>(m/s)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Projectile<br>Mass (kg)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Fuse delay<br>(m)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Fuse sensitivity<br>(mm)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Explosive Mass<br>(TNT equivalent) (g)<br />
! colspan="3" | Ricochet<br />
|-<br />
! 0% !! 50% !! 100%<br />
|-<br />
| 1-72-85 APDS-FS || APFSDS || 1,505 || 4.7 || N/A || N/A || N/A || 76° || 77° || 80°<br />
|-<br />
| 1-71-74 HE || HE || 900 || 15 || 0 || 0.1 || 1,300 || 79° || 80° || 81°<br />
|-<br />
| Type 1973 HEAT-FS || HEATFS || 1,000 || 10.05 || 0.05 || 0.1 || 1,180 || 65° || 72° || 77°<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==== [[Ammo racks]] ====<br />
<!-- [[File:Ammoracks_{{PAGENAME}}.png|right|thumb|x250px|[[Ammo racks]] of the {{PAGENAME}}]] --><br />
<!-- '''Last updated:''' --><br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"<br />
|-<br />
! Full<br>ammo<br />
! 1st<br>rack empty<br />
! 2nd<br>rack empty<br />
! 3rd<br>rack empty<br />
! 4th<br>rack empty<br />
! 5th<br>rack empty<br />
! 6th<br>rack empty<br />
! Visual<br>discrepancy<br />
|-<br />
| '''30''' || __&nbsp;''(+__)'' || __&nbsp;''(+__)'' || __&nbsp;''(+__)'' || __&nbsp;''(+__)'' || __&nbsp;''(+__)'' || __&nbsp;''(+__)'' || __<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
=== Machine guns ===<br />
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|2}}<br />
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|3}}<br />
<!-- ''Offensive and anti-aircraft machine guns not only allow you to fight some aircraft but also are effective against lightly armoured vehicles. Evaluate machine guns and give recommendations on its use.'' --><br />
{{main|QJC88A (12.7 mm)|Type 86 (7.62 mm)}}<br />
<br />
The turret-mounted 12.7 mm QJC88A HMG has already become the standardized HMG for most PLAGF vehicles after the 1990s. The main usage of the HMG is to deal with lightly protected vehicles and low-flying aircraft including helicopters. It can also effectively damage gun barrels, tracks, optics, MG, and ERA to assist teammates in destroying enemies, though this may require more belts.<br />
<br />
The 7.62 mm MG, on the other hand, is only useful in clearing obstacles such as fences, marking out enemy positions on the minimap, or knocking out exposed crew on certain vehicles (eg. M113 TOW). It lacks the penetration to pierce through even lightly armoured vehicles.<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="5" | [[QJC88A (12.7 mm)|12.7 mm QJC88A]]<br />
|-<br />
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal<br />
|-<br />
| Pintle || 500 (150) || 700 || -5°/+60° || ±180°<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="5" | [[Type 86 (7.62 mm)|7.62 mm Type 86]]<br />
|-<br />
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal<br />
|-<br />
| Coaxial || 800 (250) || 700 || N/A || N/A<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
== Usage in battles ==<br />
<!-- ''Describe the tactics of playing in the vehicle, the features of using vehicles in the team and advice on tactics. Refrain from creating a "guide" - do not impose a single point of view but instead give the reader food for thought. Describe the most dangerous enemies and give recommendations on fighting them. If necessary, note the specifics of the game in different modes (AB, RB, SB).'' --><br />
Being a wheeled vehicle and the very first wheeled assault gun of the Chinese tech tree, mobility and its gun sight is where it shines.<br />
<br />
With its 85 km/h speed, flanking is the key to avoid any direct fire from pretty much any vehicles with 12.7 mm as its weapon and above, because of the negligible protection found on this vehicle, take all precautions and avoid rushing into direct fire at all cost, you will not have the luxury of having the second chance to return fire. Being currently the slowest wheeled assault gun in the game, taking advantage points might not be possible with the inferior top speed and only getting worse in off-road situations, complicated terrains are problematic for this vehicle that will excels better in urban combats. Any aircraft is a lethal threat, with either guns or rockets, so keep away from their sight.<br />
<br />
While the gun does sufficient damage to vehicles at lower tier or lightly protected tanks, it will have trouble with Cold-War heavy tanks such as [[M103]] or tanks with rounded hull such as [[M48 Patton (Family)|M48 Patton]]. Bringing some HEATFS help deal with such vehicles. Due to the late introduction of this vehicle in-game wise (2002), this vehicle has thermal sights, with sufficient resolution to help players find targets. Utilize your mobility and the high velocity 100 mm smoothbore gun to clean up any potential flankers.<br />
<br />
=== Pros and cons ===<br />
<!-- ''Summarise and briefly evaluate the vehicle in terms of its characteristics and combat effectiveness. Mark its pros and cons in a bulleted list. Try not to use more than 6 points for each of the characteristics. Avoid using categorical definitions such as "bad", "good" and the like - use substitutions with softer forms such as "inadequate" and "effective".'' --><br />
<br />
'''Pros:'''<br />
<br />
* High speed and agility on hard and even terrain<br />
* Hard-hitting 100 mm cannon firing powerful HEATFS and APFSDS shells<br />
* Gunner thermal optics significantly boost its fighting capacity, especially at night<br />
* Thin armour may cause overpenetration, leading to minimal shrapnel damage<br />
* Fast turret traverse<br />
* Two-plane stabiliser allows better targeting<br />
* Roof-mounted 12.7 mm HMG is lethal against helicopters and light vehicles<br />
<br />
'''Cons:'''<br />
<br />
* Extremely slow reverse speed for a wheeled vehicle<br />
* Poor gun depression (-4 degrees) renders it useless in hilly battlefields<br />
* Very thin armour, can be mowed down by common .50 cals frontally as well as hull-broken by HEAT<br />
* Tall profile<br />
* Huge recoil, firing to the sides or on a slope will cause severe hull wobbling<br />
* As with other wheeled vehicles, poor mobility on soft or uneven terrain<br />
* No thermal sight for commander<br />
* Reloads quite slowly(~10 seconds)<br />
* Abysmal penetration figures for the 1-72-85 APDS-FS round - expect the round to frequently non-pen or bounce off (especially) Russian, British and American vehicles<br />
<br />
== History ==<br />
<!-- ''Describe the history of the creation and combat usage of the vehicle in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the vehicle and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Vehicle-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>. This section may also include the vehicle's dev blog entry (if applicable) and the in-game encyclopedia description (under <code><nowiki>=== In-game description ===</nowiki></code>, also if applicable).'' --><br />
=== [[wt:en/news/7047-development-ptl02-chinese-wheels-en|Devblog]] ===<br />
In the late 1980's, the NORINCO corporation successfully tested the Type 87 armored vehicle. The prototype featured a 6x6 chassis of a prospective Type 90 armored personnel carrier with a 100mm anti-tank gun. The prototype vehicle successfully passed the tests, but was not put into service.<br />
<br />
The army authorities returned to the project in the early 90's, when, in the course of modernization, the PLA began to form mobile motorized infantry formations. This was where the Type 87 researches came in handy: by 2003, on the same 6x6 chassis of the new Chinese armored vehicles ZSL92 and ZSL92A, a PTL02 infantry support vehicle appeared with a 100mm smooth-bore cannon in the turret. The 19-ton infantry fire support vehicle possessed significant mobility and a weapon capable of effectively destroying fortifications and armored vehicles, except for modern MBTs.<br />
<br />
Mass production of the PTL02 has been going on since 2004, the SPG is widely used by the Chinese army and is produced for export in a version with a 105mm gun, unified for the use of Western-style ammunition.<br />
<br />
== Media ==<br />
<!-- ''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.'' --><gallery mode="packed" heights="150"><br />
File:PTL02 WTWallpaper 01.jpg|<br />
File:PTL02 WTWallpaper 02.jpg|<br />
File:PTL02 WTWallpaper 03.jpg|<br />
File:PTL02 WTWallpaper 04.jpg|<br />
File:PTL02 WTWallpaper 05.jpg|<br />
File:PTL02 WTWallpaper 06.jpg|<br />
</gallery><br />
<br />
== See also ==<br />
<!-- ''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''<br />
* ''reference to the series of the vehicles;''<br />
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.'' --><br />
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''<br />
<br />
* ''reference to the series of the vehicles;''<br />
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''<br />
<br />
== External links ==<br />
<!-- ''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''<br />
* ''topic on the official game forum;''<br />
* ''other literature.'' --><br />
''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''<br />
<br />
* ''topic on the official game forum;''<br />
* ''other literature.''<br />
<br />
{{China light tanks}}<br />
[[Category:Wheeled ground vehicles]]</div>U29417738https://wiki.warthunder.com/index.php?title=T-72AV_(TURMS-T)&diff=97865T-72AV (TURMS-T)2021-03-15T11:38:56Z<p>U29417738: /* Pros and cons */</p>
<hr />
<div>{{About<br />
| about = Russian medium tank '''{{PAGENAME}}'''<br />
| usage = other versions<br />
| link = T-72 (Family)<br />
}}<br />
{{Specs-Card<br />
|code=ussr_t_72av_turms<br />
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg|StoreImage T-72AV (TURMS-T) 001.jpg|StoreImage T-72AV (TURMS-T) 002.jpg|StoreImage T-72AV (TURMS-T) 003.jpg}}<br />
|store=9584<br />
}}<br />
<br />
== Description ==<br />
<!-- ''In the description, the first part should be about the history of the creation and combat usage of the vehicle, as well as its key features. In the second part, tell the reader about the ground vehicle in the game. Insert a screenshot of the vehicle, so that if the novice player does not remember the vehicle by name, he will immediately understand what kind of vehicle the article is talking about.'' --><br />
The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a premium gift rank {{Specs|rank}} Soviet medium tank {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update "New Power"]].<br />
<br />
== General info ==<br />
=== Survivability and armour ===<br />
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}<br />
<!-- ''Describe armour protection. Note the most well protected and key weak areas. Appreciate the layout of modules as well as the number and location of crew members. Is the level of armour protection sufficient, is the placement of modules helpful for survival in combat? If necessary use a visual template to indicate the most secure and weak zones of the armour.'' --><br />
The T-72AV is a modernized version of the Soviet-made main battle tank T-72A. The Kontakt-1 ERA on the front of the turret is no longer directly mounted on it and is instead mounted on structural steel supports that form a slight arrow shape, it is also fitted with the Turms-T fire control system.<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|-<br />
! Armour !! Front (Slope angle) !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof<br />
|-<br />
| Hull || ''Front glacis:''(69°) <br />
16 mm (Rolled homogeneous) 60 mm (Rolled homogeneous) <br />
<br />
105 mm (Textolite) 50 mm (Rolled homogeneous) <br />
<br />
''Lower glacis:'' (60°) 4 mm (Structural steel) (ERA mount) <br />
<br />
160-40mm (Rolled homogeneous) <br />
| 40 mm (Rolled homogeneous) (0°) ''Top'' <br> 20 mm (Rolled homogeneous) (32°) ''Bottom'' || 40 mm (Rolled homogeneous) (30°) ''Top'' <br> 20 mm (Rolled homogeneous) (29°) ''Bottom'' || 20 - 30 mm (Rolled homogeneous)<br />
|-<br />
| Turret || 115 mm (Quartz core) <br />
200 - 280 mm (Rolled homogeneous) (20°-25°) ''Turret front'' <br> 150 - 400 mm (Rolled homogeneous) ''Gun mantlet'' <br />
| 180 - 240 mm (Rolled homogeneous) || 65 mm (Rolled homogeneous) || 45 mm (Rolled homogeneous)<br />
|-<br />
| Cupola || 40 mm (2°) || 40 mm (6°) || 40 mm (3°) || 40 mm (90°)<br />
100 mm (90°)<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
'''Notes:''' <!-- Any additional notes which the user needs to be aware of --><br />
<!-- Example: * Suspension wheels are 20 mm thick, tracks are 30 mm thick, and torsion bars are 60 mm thick. --><br />
<br />
=== Mobility ===<br />
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}<br />
<!-- ''Write about the mobility of the ground vehicle. Estimate the specific power and manoeuvrability, as well as the maximum speed forwards and backwards.'' -->{{tankMobility|abMinHp=1209|rbMinHp=690}}<br />
<br />
=== Modifications and economy ===<br />
{{Specs-Economy}}<br />
<br />
== Armaments ==<br />
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}<br />
=== Main armament ===<br />
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}<br />
<!-- ''Give the reader information about the characteristics of the main gun. Assess its effectiveness in a battle based on the reloading speed, ballistics and the power of shells. Do not forget about the flexibility of the fire, that is how quickly the cannon can be aimed at the target, open fire on it and aim at another enemy. Add a link to the main article on the gun: <code><nowiki>{{main|Name of the weapon}}</nowiki></code>. Describe in general terms the ammunition available for the main gun. Give advice on how to use them and how to fill the ammunition storage.'' --><br />
{{main|2A46M (125 mm)}}<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="5" | [[2A46M (125 mm)|125 mm 2A46M]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)<br />
|-<br />
! Mode !! Capacity !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer<br />
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced<br />
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced<br />
|-<br />
! ''Arcade''<br />
| rowspan="2" | 44 || rowspan="2" | -6°/+13° || rowspan="2" | ±180° || rowspan="2" | Two-plane ||19.0||26.4||32.0||35.4||37.6|| rowspan="2" | 7.10 || rowspan="2" | 7.10 || rowspan="2" | 7.10 || rowspan="2" | 7.10<br />
|-<br />
! ''Realistic''<br />
|11.9||14.0||17.0||18.8||20.0<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==== Ammunition ====<br />
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"<br />
! colspan="8" | Penetration statistics<br />
|-<br />
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition<br />
! rowspan="2" | Type of<br>warhead<br />
! colspan="6" | '''Penetration @ 0° Angle of Attack (mm)'''<br />
|-<br />
! 10 m !! 100 m !! 500 m !! 1,000 m !! 1,500 m !! 2,000 m<br />
|-<br />
| 3BK12M || HEATFS || 440 || 440 || 440 || 440 || 440 || 440<br />
|-<br />
| 3OF26 || HE || 42 || 42 || 42 || 42 || 42 || 42<br />
|-<br />
| 3BM22 || APFSDS || 425 || 420 || 415 || 405 || 393 || 380<br />
|-<br />
| 3BM42 || APFSDS || 479 || 477 || 470 || 462 || 453 || 445<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"<br />
! colspan="10" | Shell details<br />
|-<br />
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition<br />
! rowspan="2" | Type of<br>warhead<br />
! rowspan="2" | Velocity<br>(m/s)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Projectile<br>Mass (kg)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Fuse delay<br>(m)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Fuse sensitivity<br>(mm)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Explosive Mass<br>(TNT equivalent) (g)<br />
! colspan="3" | Ricochet<br />
|-<br />
! 0% !! 50% !! 100%<br />
|-<br />
| 3BK12M || HEATFS || 905 || 19 || 0.05 || 0.1 || 2,530 || 65° || 72° || 77°<br />
|-<br />
| 3OF26 || HE || 850 || 23 || 0 || 0.1 || 5,240 || 79° || 80° || 81°<br />
|-<br />
| 3BM22 || APFSDS || 1,760 || 4.83 || N/A || N/A || N/A || 76° || 77° || 80°<br />
|-<br />
| 3BM42 || APFSDS || 1,700 || 4.85 || N/A || N/A || N/A || 78° || 80° || 81°<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==== [[Ammo racks]] ====<br />
[[File:Ammoracks T-72A.png|thumb]]<!-- '''Last updated: 2.3.0.69''' --><br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"<br />
|-<br />
!Full<br />
ammo<br />
!1st<br />
rack empty<br />
!2nd<br />
rack empty<br />
!3rd<br />
rack empty<br />
!4th<br />
rack empty<br />
!Visual<br />
discrepancy<br />
|-<br />
|'''44'''||41&nbsp;''(+3)''||39&nbsp;''(+5)''||''22(+22)''||0&nbsp;''(+44)''||No<br />
|}<br />
=== Machine guns ===<br />
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|2}}<br />
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|3}}<br />
<!-- ''Offensive and anti-aircraft machine guns not only allow you to fight some aircraft but also are effective against lightly armoured vehicles. Evaluate machine guns and give recommendations on its use.'' --><br />
{{main|NSVT (12.7 mm)|PKT (7.62 mm)}}<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="5" | [[NSVT (12.7 mm)|12.7 mm NSVT]]<br />
|-<br />
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal<br />
|-<br />
| Pintle || 300 (150) || 700 || -4°/+75° || ±180°<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="5" | [[PKT (7.62 mm)|7.62 mm PKT]]<br />
|-<br />
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal<br />
|-<br />
| Coaxial || 2,000 (250) || 700 || N/A || N/A<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
== Usage in battles ==<br />
<!-- ''Describe the tactics of playing in the vehicle, the features of using vehicles in the team and advice on tactics. Refrain from creating a "guide" - do not impose a single point of view but instead give the reader food for thought. Describe the most dangerous enemies and give recommendations on fighting them. If necessary, note the specifics of the game in different modes (AB, RB, SB).'' --><br />
''Describe the tactics of playing in the vehicle, the features of using vehicles in the team and advice on tactics. Refrain from creating a "guide" - do not impose a single point of view but instead give the reader food for thought. Describe the most dangerous enemies and give recommendations on fighting them. If necessary, note the specifics of the game in different modes (AB, RB, SB).''<br />
<br />
=== Pros and cons ===<br />
<!-- ''Summarise and briefly evaluate the vehicle in terms of its characteristics and combat effectiveness. Mark its pros and cons in a bulleted list. Try not to use more than 6 points for each of the characteristics. Avoid using categorical definitions such as "bad", "good" and the like - use substitutions with softer forms such as "inadequate" and "effective".'' --><br />
<br />
'''Pros:'''<br />
<br />
* Second generation thermal sights for both gunner and commander<br />
* Capable of firing every 7.1 seconds and because of autoloader mechanism even after losing a crew member or being on fire gun, the reload speed will not change<br />
* Low profile, easy to hide<br />
* Can use ESS and shoot through it with thermal sights<br />
* Extremely armoured turret can eat modern APFSDS even when uptiered<br />
* ERA offers excellent protection against ATGMS and powerful HEAT shells<br />
* Gun offers a lot of ammunition variants, including HEATFS used to hull break lighter vehicles and big HE round that when placed properly could destroy even [[Leopard 2A6]] from the front - also access to 3BM42, Russia's second most powerful APFSDS shell<br />
* Commander's thermals - a feature highly uncommon amongst Soviet/Russian vehicles (only other vehicles in the Soviet tech tree with CITV is the BMP-3 and Khrizantema-S)<br />
* 3BM42 has high muzzle velocity - long range targets are much easier to hit<br />
<br />
'''Cons:'''<br />
<br />
* "CONTACT-1" explosive reactive armour, offers no protection against kinetic rounds<br />
* Explosive reactive armour can be rapidly shot off with 12.7 and 20 mm gunfire <br />
* Only 3 crew members that are compactly located inside the tank, resulting in a well-placed shot knocking out the entire tank<br />
* Very slow reverse speed of only -4 km/h<br />
* The mechanized ammo rack is located in the middle of the tank right underneath the commander and gunner, resulting in quick ammo detonation when shot from the sides<br />
* Sides offer low protection making the task to angle tank properly a lot harder<br />
* Turret has weak spots that can disable the gun and exposing the LFP is a one-shot death wish <br />
* Hull armour is the same as on the 9.3 T-72A: it can easily be penetrated by most of the guns you face<br />
* Not as mobile as the competition it faces<br />
* Slower reload compared to the opposition<br />
<br />
== History ==<br />
<!-- ''Describe the history of the creation and combat usage of the vehicle in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the vehicle and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Vehicle-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>. This section may also include the vehicle's dev blog entry (if applicable) and the in-game encyclopedia description (under <code><nowiki>=== In-game description ===</nowiki></code>, also if applicable).'' --><br />
=== [[wt:en/news/6910-development-t-72av-turms-t-syrian-guard-en|Devblog]] ===<br />
The T-72AV (TURMS-T) is a Soviet T-72AV tank modernized for the Syrian army. The TURMS fire control system, developed by the Italian company Officine Galileo, was previously used on C1 Ariete tanks. In the early 2000's, this fire control system was adopted for the T-72.<br />
<br />
The system significantly improves the tank's vision capabilities, thanks to the commander's panoramic sight. It also features a high-quality thermal imaging gunner's sight, which allows the tank to effectively perform combat missions at night and in poor visibility conditions. By 2006, 122 TURMS kits were produced for the Syrian army.<br />
<br />
== Media ==<br />
<!-- ''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.'' --><br />
[[File:War Thunder Super-Resolution 2020.12.01 - 08.26.18.72.jpg|thumb|none|T-72AV in Late Green Camouflage obtainable ingame for 830 enemies defeated or 200GE]]<br />
<gallery mode="packed" caption="T-72AV (TURMS-T) Devblog Images" heights="200"><br />
File:T-72AV TURMS WTWallpaper 001.jpg|<br />
File:T-72AV TURMS WTWallpaper 002.jpg|<br />
File:T-72AV TURMS WTWallpaper 003.jpg|<br />
File:T-72AV TURMS WTWallpaper 004.jpg|<br />
File:T-72AV TURMS WTWallpaper 005.jpg|<br />
</gallery><br />
<br />
== See also ==<br />
<!-- ''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''<br />
* ''reference to the series of the vehicles;''<br />
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.'' --><br />
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''<br />
<br />
* ''reference to the series of the vehicles;''<br />
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''<br />
<br />
== External links ==<br />
<!-- ''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''<br />
* ''topic on the official game forum;''<br />
* ''other literature.'' --><br />
<br />
* [[wt:en/news/6910-development-t-72av-turms-t-syrian-guard-en|[Devblog] Т-72АV (TURMS-T): Syrian Guard]]<br />
<br />
{{USSR medium tanks}}<br />
{{USSR premium ground vehicles}}</div>U29417738https://wiki.warthunder.com/index.php?title=AML-90&diff=97817AML-902021-03-15T10:03:05Z<p>U29417738: /* See also */</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Specs-Card<br />
|code=fr_aml_90<br />
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
== Description ==<br />
<!-- ''In the description, the first part should be about the history of the creation and combat usage of the vehicle, as well as its key features. In the second part, tell the reader about the ground vehicle in the game. Insert a screenshot of the vehicle, so that if the novice player does not remember the vehicle by name, he will immediately understand what kind of vehicle the article is talking about.'' --><br />
The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} French light tank {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.95 "Northern Wind"]].<br />
<br />
== General info ==<br />
=== Survivability and armour ===<br />
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}<br />
<!-- ''Describe armour protection. Note the most well protected and key weak areas. Appreciate the layout of modules as well as the number and location of crew members. Is the level of armour protection sufficient, is the placement of modules helpful for survival in combat? If necessary use a visual template to indicate the most secure and weak zones of the armour.'' --><br />
<br />
'''Armour type:'''<br />
<br />
* Rolled homogeneous armour (hull, turret)<br />
* Structural steel (mudguards, storage boxes)<br />
* Wheel (tires)<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|-<br />
! Armour !! Front (Slope angle) !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof<br />
|-<br />
| Hull || 10 mm (51°) ''Upper glacis'' <br> 10 mm (17°) ''Upper glacis'' || 10 mm (4°) ''Front half'' <br> 10 mm (6°) ''Rear half'' || 10 mm ''Upper plate'' <br> 10 mm (46°) ''Upper glacis'' <br> 10 mm (20°) ''Lower glacis'' || 10 mm (40°) ''Front glacis'' <br> 10 mm (44°) ''Rear glacis''<br />
|-<br />
|Turret || 12 mm (30°) ''Turret front'' <br> 12 mm (8°) ''Gun mantlet'' || 10 mm (17-21°) <br> 10 mm ''Viewports'' || 10 mm (16°) || 10 mm (16°) ''Front part'' <br> 10 mm ''Rear part'' <br> 8 mm ''Gunner hatch''<br />
|-<br />
|Cupola || colspan="4" style="text-align:center" | 8 mm (spherical)<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
'''Notes:'''<br />
<br />
* Wheels are 10 mm thick and a spare wheel covers the left side of the hull.<br />
* Storage boxes and mudguards are 5 mm thick.<br />
* The belly is 8 mm thick.<br />
* The gun barrel is 20 mm thick.<br />
<br />
The {{PAGENAME}} lacks protection against heavy machine gun fire and is susceptible to damage by light machine gun fire. The crew is located in a rather small compartment, making the armoured car prompt to being knocked out by a single shot from almost any direction. It is also vulnerable to hull break, meaning chemical energy ammunition will disable your vehicle regardless where they impact. A kinetic energy ammunition has also a chance to hull break you but it is more common the spalling generated, or the round itself, will knock out the crew before. It should be noted that the thin armour has a chance to not activate fused shells like APHE, APCBC, etc, although it will trigger HEAT, HEATFS, HE and ATGM.<br />
<br />
=== Mobility ===<br />
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}<br />
<!-- ''Write about the mobility of the ground vehicle. Estimate the specific power and manoeuvrability, as well as the maximum speed forwards and backwards.'' --><br />
<br />
{{tankMobility|abMinHp=139|rbMinHp=80}}<br />
<br />
=== Modifications and economy ===<br />
{{Specs-Economy}}<br />
<br />
== Armaments ==<br />
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}<br />
=== Main armament ===<br />
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}<br />
<!-- ''Give the reader information about the characteristics of the main gun. Assess its effectiveness in a battle based on the reloading speed, ballistics and the power of shells. Do not forget about the flexibility of the fire, that is how quickly the cannon can be aimed at the target, open fire on it and aim at another enemy. Add a link to the main article on the gun: <code><nowiki>{{main|Name of the weapon}}</nowiki></code>. Describe in general terms the ammunition available for the main gun. Give advice on how to use them and how to fill the ammunition storage.'' --><br />
{{main|DEFA F1 (90 mm)}}The AML-90 uses a powerful 90mm DEFA F1 low pressure cannon. The AML-90 comes with a stock OCC 60-62 HEATFS ammunition, capable of penetrating most tanks at its br at any distance. It should be noted that the AML-90 only carries 20 rounds at max, meaning all rounds should be aimed for a kill shot as the small capacity will make the tank ammunition deplete faster than in other tanks if precautions are not taken. Commanders should always shoot to kill in the least shots necessary, know center of mass, ammunition racks, etc to successfully engage a target.<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="5" | [[DEFA F1 (90 mm)|90 mm DEFA F1]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)<br />
|-<br />
! Mode !! Capacity !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer<br />
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced<br />
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced<br />
|-<br />
! ''Arcade''<br />
| rowspan="2" | 20 || rowspan="2" | -8°/+15° || rowspan="2" | ±180° || rowspan="2" | N/A || 23.80 || 32.90 || 41.29 || 45.29 || 47.06 || rowspan="2" | 8.7 || rowspan="2" | 7.7 || rowspan="2" | 7.3 || rowspan="2" | 6.7<br />
|-<br />
! ''Realistic''<br />
| 14.90 || 17.50 || 20.28 || 23.88 || 25.00<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==== Ammunition ====<br />
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"<br />
! colspan="8" | Penetration statistics<br />
|-<br />
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition<br />
! rowspan="2" | Type of<br>warhead<br />
! colspan="6" | '''Penetration @ 0° Angle of Attack (mm)'''<br />
|-<br />
! 10 m !! 100 m !! 500 m !! 1,000 m !! 1,500 m !! 2,000 m<br />
|-<br />
| OCC 60-62 || HEATFS || 320 || 320 || 320 || 320 || 320 || 320<br />
|-<br />
| OE 90 F1 || HE || 13 || 13 || 13 || 13 || 13 || 13<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"<br />
! colspan="10" | Shell details<br />
|-<br />
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition<br />
! rowspan="2" | Type of<br>warhead<br />
! rowspan="2" | Velocity<br>(m/s)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Projectile<br>Mass (kg)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Fuse delay<br>(m)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Fuse sensitivity<br>(mm)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Explosive Mass<br>(TNT equivalent) (g)<br />
! colspan="3" | Ricochet<br />
|-<br />
! 0% !! 50% !! 100%<br />
|-<br />
| OCC 60-62 || HEATFS || 750 || 8.95 || 0.05 || 0.1 || 877.7 || 65° || 72° || 77°<br />
|-<br />
| OE 90 F1 || HE || 640 || 10.45 || 0.0 || 0.1 || 945 || 79° || 80° || 81°<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"<br />
! colspan="7" | Smoke shell characteristics<br />
|-<br />
! Ammunition<br />
! Velocity<br>(m/s)<br />
! Projectile<br>Mass (kg)<br />
! Screen radius<br>(m)<br />
! Screen deploy time<br>(s)<br />
! Screen hold time<br>(s)<br />
! Explosive Mass<br>(TNT equivalent) (g)<br />
|-<br />
| OFUM PH90-F2 || 640 || 10.2 || 13 || 5 || 20 || 50<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==== [[Ammo racks]] ====<br />
[[File:Ammoracks_{{PAGENAME}}.png|right|thumb|x250px|[[Ammo racks]] of the {{PAGENAME}}]]<br />
<!-- '''Last updated: 2.3.0.33''' --><br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"<br />
|-<br />
! Full<br>ammo<br />
! 1st<br>rack empty<br />
! 2nd<br>rack empty<br />
! 3rd<br>rack empty<br />
! 4th<br>rack empty<br />
! Visual<br>discrepancy<br />
|-<br />
| '''20''' || 16&nbsp;''(+4)'' || 11&nbsp;''(+9)'' || 7&nbsp;''(+13)'' || 1&nbsp;''(+19)'' || No<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
Notes:<br />
<br />
* Shells are modeled individually and disappear after having been shot or loaded.<br />
* Racks 3 and 4 are first stage ammo racks. They total 10 shells and get filled first when loading up the tank.<br />
** These racks are also emptied early: the rack depletion order at full capacity is: 3 - 4 - 1 - 2.<br />
** Simply not firing when the gun is loaded will move ammunition from rack 1 then 2 into ready rack 4 then 3. Firing will interrupt the restocking of the ready racks.<br />
<br />
=== Machine guns ===<br />
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|2}}<br />
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|3}}<br />
<!-- ''Offensive and anti-aircraft machine guns not only allow you to fight some aircraft but also are effective against lightly armoured vehicles. Evaluate machine guns and give recommendations on its use.'' --><br />
{{main|A-A-F1N (7.62 mm)}}<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="5" | [[A-A-F1N (7.62 mm)|7.62 mm A-A-F1N]]<br />
|-<br />
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal<br />
|-<br />
| Coaxial || 2,150 (100) || 900 || N/A || N/A<br />
|-<br />
| Pintle || 800 (100) || 900 || -10°/+40° || ±120°<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
The small calibre of the A-A-F1N machine guns makes them largely ineffective against all armoured vehicles but the ones with an open compartment. They still can be used to ping targets as a rangefinding help or to mow down minor obstacles blocking your line of sight.<br />
<br />
== Usage in battles ==<br />
<!-- ''Describe the tactics of playing in the vehicle, the features of using vehicles in the team and advice on tactics. Refrain from creating a "guide" - do not impose a single point of view but instead give the reader food for thought. Describe the most dangerous enemies and give recommendations on fighting them. If necessary, note the specifics of the game in different modes (AB, RB, SB).'' --><br />
AML-90 should be primarily used as a scout flanking vehicle due to its high speed, low profile, scouting capabilities and firepower (tremendous for such a small vehicle). The AML-90 has primarily 3 uses:<br />
<br />
'''Scouting:'''<br />
<br />
As its name says, scouting. When on large maps, the scouting ability should be used at its full potential. The low profile and high speed make it able to crawl to cover fast and without creating much suspicion, while marking targets for friendlies to engage.<br />
<br />
'''Flanking:'''<br />
<br />
Due to the high speed and really powerful gun, the AML-90 can be used to hit any enemy from the back. This tactic should be a "Hit n' Run", you should disable or destroy targets and leave before they can engage you. The powerful gun can even be able to take on a [[Maus]] or [[E-100]] if used properly (320 mm of penetration at all ranges at 0°). Use smoke to cover your trail when you have been spotted.<br />
<br />
'''Sniping:'''<br />
<br />
Despite the optics not having a huge zoom, it is enough to be able to detect, target and engage enemy vehicles at all ranges thanks to the HEAT-FS round. Be aware of your ammo as it can only carry 20, so make all shots count. It also creates a relatively small smoke trail when firing compared to other cannons at the battle rating (105 mm, other 90 mm, 122 mm) thanks to the muzzle brake. Bushes can also be used to make this vehicle invisible due to its low profile. A big bunch of branches can cover almost 70% of the front of the AML-90, making it a moving and deadly bush. It also creates a small engine sound that will be, most of the time, masked up by other tanks, giving you a stealth capability which can be exploited in urban combat.<br />
<br />
=== Pros and cons ===<br />
<!-- ''Summarise and briefly evaluate the vehicle in terms of its characteristics and combat effectiveness. Mark its pros and cons in a bulleted list. Try not to use more than 6 points for each of the characteristics. Avoid using categorical definitions such as "bad", "good" and the like - use substitutions with softer forms such as "inadequate" and "effective".'' --><br />
<br />
'''Pros:'''<br />
<br />
* Its very small size makes it easy to get around and avoid shots.<br />
* 320 mm penetrating HEAT-FS ammo should be able to take care of any expected enemies.<br />
* Has access to smoke grenades and smoke shells that will allow it to move around unseen.<br />
* Has a roof mounted 7.62 mm that can be good to shoot planes and open-topped vehicles.<br />
* Armour is thin enough to not fuse some high calibre APHE shells, most notably from Soviet cannons.<br />
<br />
'''Cons:'''<br />
<br />
* Prone to hullbreak.<br />
* Only has a crew of 3, a single shot will most likely knock the {{PAGENAME}} out.<br />
* Only 10 to 12 mm of frontal armour, can get penetrated by .50 cal HMG fire and other small-calibre weapons.<br />
* Very low ammo count of 20 shells.<br />
* Terrible brakes, it will take you 20 metres to stop.<br />
* Wheeled vehicle mobility: any obstacle makes you lose a lot of speed (walls, fences, potholes, hills).<br />
* Taking smoke shells means having to take less HEAT-FS on the already limited ammo storage.<br />
<br />
== History ==<br />
<!-- ''Describe the history of the creation and combat usage of the vehicle in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the vehicle and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Vehicle-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>. This section may also include the vehicle's dev blog entry (if applicable) and the in-game encyclopedia description (under <code><nowiki>=== In-game description ===</nowiki></code>, also if applicable).'' --><br />
<br />
===Design===<br />
In the 1950s, the French Army was still operating Daimler Ferrets that were becoming obsolete. For their replacement, French companies were solicited to produce a light armoured car. Panhard proposed the AML in 1957, along concurrent projects like the ELC AMX.<br />
<br />
===Development===<br />
The first prototypes were tested in 1959 and the vehicles entered service in 1961. The early versions were armed with a 60 mm mortar in the turret. A new turret integrating a 90 mm cannon was developed the same year they entered service. The AML was an export success with many armies around the world adopting the AML 90, in particular African or Middle-Eastern countries with limited budgets. Almost 5,000 units were produced.<br />
<br />
===Combat usage===<br />
The AML 90 saw service in the French Army and in numerous armies around the world, the most renowned foreign operators being South Africa, Spain, Israel, Saudi Arabia and Iraq. The AML 90 saw combat action during many conflicts throughout the years: Six-Day War, South African Border War, Iran-Iraq war, Toyota War among the most know and remains in service until today.<br />
<br />
== Media ==<br />
<!-- ''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.'' --><br />
<br />
;Skins<br />
<br />
* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicleCountry=france&vehicleType=tank&vehicleClass=light_tank&vehicle=fr_aml_90 Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]<br />
<br />
;Videos<br />
{{Youtube-gallery|hcvwEs84aTs|'''The Shooting Range #194''' - ''Metal Beasts'' section at 00:30 discusses the {{PAGENAME}}.|zCszs4cJ0DU|'''My Best Scout Game Ever - {{PAGENAME}}''' - ''PhlyDaily''}}<br />
<br />
== See also ==<br />
<!-- ''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''<br />
* ''reference to the series of the vehicles;''<br />
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.'' --><br />
<br />
;Other vehicles of similar configuration and role<br />
<br />
* [[AUBL/74]]<br />
* Eland 90 Mk.7<br />
<br />
== External links ==<br />
<!-- ''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''<br />
* ''topic on the official game forum;''<br />
* ''other literature.'' --><br />
<br />
* [[wikipedia:Panhard_AML|[Wikipedia] Panhard AML]]<br />
* [https://www.tanks-encyclopedia.com/coldwar/France/Panhard_AML.php <nowiki>[Tanks Encyclopedia]</nowiki> Panhard AML]<br />
<br />
{{France light tanks}}<br />
[[Category:Wheeled ground vehicles]]</div>U29417738https://wiki.warthunder.com/index.php?title=SA47_L/58_(100_mm)&diff=96811SA47 L/58 (100 mm)2021-03-11T15:34:52Z<p>U29417738: /* Pros and cons */</p>
<hr />
<div>== Description ==<br />
''Write an introduction to the article in 2-3 small paragraphs. Briefly tell us about the history of the development and combat using the weaponry and also about its features. Compile a list of air, ground, or naval vehicles that feature this weapon system in the game.''<br />
<br />
=== Vehicles equipped with this weapon ===<br />
<!-- ''List out vehicles that are equipped with the weapon.'' --><br />
<br />
* {{Specs-Link|fr_amx_50}}<br />
* {{Specs-Link|fr_lorraine_100}}<br />
* {{Specs-Link|fr_lorraine_40t}}<br />
* {{Specs-Link|fr_somua_sm}}<br />
<br />
== General info ==<br />
''Tell us about the tactical and technical characteristics of the cannon or machine gun.''<br />
<br />
=== Available ammunition ===<br />
<!-- ''Describe the shells that are available for the weapon and their features and purpose. If it concerns autocannons or machine guns, write about different ammo belts and what is inside (which types of shells).'' --><br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"<br />
! colspan="8" | Penetration statistics<br />
|-<br />
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition<br />
! rowspan="2" | Type of<br>warhead<br />
! colspan="6" | '''Penetration @ 0° Angle of Attack (mm)'''<br />
|-<br />
! 10 m !! 100 m !! 500 m !! 1,000 m !! 1,500 m !! 2,000 m<br />
|-<br />
| 100 mm Obus de rupture || APCBC || 273 || 270 || 257 || 242 || 228 || 215<br />
|-<br />
| 100 mm Obus explosif || HE || 18 || 18 || 18 || 18 || 18 || 18<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"<br />
! colspan="10" | Shell details<br />
|-<br />
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition<br />
! rowspan="2" | Type of<br>warhead<br />
! rowspan="2" | Velocity<br>(m/s)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Projectile<br>Mass (kg)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Fuse delay<br>(m)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Fuse sensitivity<br>(mm)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Explosive Mass<br>(TNT equivalent) (g)<br />
! colspan="3" | Ricochet<br />
|-<br />
! 0% !! 50% !! 100%<br />
|-<br />
| 100 mm Obus de rupture || APCBC || 1,000 || 15.0 || N/A || N/A || N/A || 48° || 63° || 71°<br />
|-<br />
| 100 mm Obus explosif || HE || 1,000 || 14.8 || 0.1 || 0.5 || 1,400 || 79° || 80° || 81°<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
=== Comparison with analogues ===<br />
''Give a comparative description of cannons/machine guns that have firepower equal to this weapon.''<br />
<br />
== Usage in battles ==<br />
''Describe the cannon/machine gun in the game - its distinctive features, tactics of usage against notable opponents. Please don't write a "guide" - do not impose a single point of view, but give the reader food for thought.''<br />
<br />
=== Pros and cons ===<br />
''Summarise and briefly evaluate the weaponry in terms of its characteristics and combat effectiveness. Mark pros and cons as a list.''<br />
<br />
'''Pros:'''<br />
<br />
* Incredible penetration figures<br />
* High muzzle velocity<br />
* Fantastic post-penetration damage<br />
* Nearly all French vehicles fitted with this gun make use of an autoloader - 4.0 seconds to reload<br />
<br />
*<br />
<br />
'''Cons:'''<br />
<br />
* Despite the generous amount of explosive filler, HE shells rarely do any meaningful damage to any enemy vehicles <br />
* Long reload for vehicles with a manual loader <br />
* Ammunition runs out very quick - loading the autoloader takes a lot of time<br />
<br />
*<br />
<br />
== History ==<br />
''Examine the history of the creation and combat usage of the weapon in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the weapon and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Weapon-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>.''<br />
<br />
== Media ==<br />
<!-- ''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.'' --><br />
<br />
;Videos<br />
{{Youtube-gallery|lK9Ck3P6AvM|'''Top 7 best rounds''' discusses the 100 mm Obus de rupture at 1:51 - ''War Thunder Official Channel''}}<br />
<br />
== See also ==<br />
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''<br />
<br />
* ''reference to the article about the variant of the cannon/machine gun;''<br />
* ''references to approximate analogues by other nations and research trees.''<br />
<br />
== External links ==<br />
''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''<br />
<br />
* ''topic on the official game forum;''<br />
* ''encyclopedia page on the weapon;''<br />
* ''other literature.''<br />
<br />
{{France tank cannons}}<br />
<br />
[[Category:Tank cannons]]</div>U29417738https://wiki.warthunder.com/index.php?title=L7A3_(105_mm)&diff=96802L7A3 (105 mm)2021-03-11T15:20:04Z<p>U29417738: /* Pros and cons */</p>
<hr />
<div>== Description ==<br />
''Write an introduction to the article in 2-3 small paragraphs. Briefly tell us about the history of the development and combat using the weaponry and also about its features. Compile a list of air, ground, or naval vehicles that feature this weapon system in the game.''<br />
<br />
=== Vehicles equipped with this weapon ===<br />
<!-- ''List out vehicles that are equipped with the weapon.'' --><br />
<br />
{{Navigation-Start|Vehicles equipped with this weapon}}<br />
<br />
{{Navigation-First-Line|'''Light tanks'''}}{{Specs-Link|germ_radpanzer_90}}<br />
<br />
{{Navigation-Line|'''Medium tanks'''}}<br />
{{Navigation-Line|Germany}}{{Specs-Link|germ_leopard_I}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|germ_leopard_I_a1}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|germ_leopard_1a5}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|germ_leopard_c2_mexas}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|germ_mkpz_m48a2ga2}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|germ_mkpz_super_m48}}<br />
{{Navigation-Line|Japan}}{{Specs-Link|jp_st_b1}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|jp_type_74}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|jp_type_74_f}}{{-}}{{Specs-Link|jp_type_74_mod_g_kai}}<br />
{{Navigation-Line|Italy}}{{Specs-Link|it_leopard_1a5}}<br />
<br />
{{Navigation-End}}<br />
<br />
== General info ==<br />
<!-- ''Tell us about the tactical and technical characteristics of the cannon or machine gun.'' --><br />
<br />
The L7A3 shares many of its properties with the [[L7A1 (105 mm)|L7A1]] on British tanks, although it has access to a wider range of ammunition. Aside from the standard APDS and HESH rounds, the L7A3 is found to use HEATFS as well as a smoke shell. The L7A3 can be found either unstabilized or fully stabilized depending on the vehicle. Giving accurate fire at long ranges that can punch through even heavily armoured vehicles, the L7A3 is a highly capable weapon for the vehicles it is found on and will often face.<br />
<br />
=== Available ammunition ===<br />
<!-- ''Describe the shells that are available for the weapon and their features and purpose. If it concerns autocannons or machine guns, write about different ammo belts and what is inside (which types of shells).'' --><br />
{{notice|Not all ammunition listed is available on all vehicles equipped with this weapon.}}<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"<br />
! colspan="8" | Penetration statistics<br />
|-<br />
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition<br />
! rowspan="2" | Type of<br>warhead<br />
! colspan="6" | '''Penetration @ 0° Angle of Attack (mm)'''<br />
|-<br />
! 10 m !! 100 m !! 500 m !! 1,000 m !! 1,500 m !! 2,000 m<br />
|-<br />
| DM12 || HEATFS || 400 || 400 || 400 || 400 || 400 || 400<br />
|-<br />
| DM13 || APDS || 303 || 302 || 296 || 277 || 257 || 252<br />
|-<br />
| DM23 || APFSDS || 337 || 335 || 330 || 322 || 314 || 306<br />
|-<br />
| DM33 || APFSDS || 408 || 405 || 398 || 389 || 379 || 370<br />
|-<br />
| DM502 || HESH || 127 || 127 || 127 || 127 || 127 || 127<br />
|-<br />
| M392A2 || APDS || 303 || 302 || 296 || 277 || 257 || 252<br />
|-<br />
| M393A2 || HESH || 127 || 127 || 127 || 127 || 127 || 127<br />
|-<br />
| M456 || HEATFS || 400 || 400 || 400 || 400 || 400 || 400<br />
|-<br />
| M735 || APFSDS || 353 || 350 || 342 || 333 || 322 || 312<br />
|-<br />
| Type 75 || HESH || 127 || 127 || 127 || 127 || 127 || 127<br />
|-<br />
| Type 91 || HEATFS || 400 || 400 || 400 || 400 || 400 || 400<br />
|-<br />
| Type 93 || APFSDS || 405 || 403 || 396 || 388 || 378 || 370<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"<br />
! colspan="10" | Shell details<br />
|-<br />
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition<br />
! rowspan="2" | Type of<br>warhead<br />
! rowspan="2" | Velocity<br>(m/s)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Projectile<br>Mass (kg)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Fuse delay<br>(m)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Fuse sensitivity<br>(mm)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Explosive Mass<br>(TNT equivalent) (g)<br />
! colspan="3" | Ricochet<br />
|-<br />
! 0% !! 50% !! 100%<br />
|-<br />
| DM12 || HEATFS || 1,173 || 10.5 || 0.05 || 0.1 || 1,270 || 65° || 72° || 77°<br />
|-<br />
| DM13 || APDS || 1,478 || 4 || N/A || N/A || N/A || 75° || 78° || 80°<br />
|-<br />
| DM23 || APFSDS || 1,455 || 3.79 || N/A || N/A || N/A || 78° || 80° || 81°<br />
|-<br />
| DM33 || APFSDS || 1,455 || 3.79 || N/A || N/A || N/A || 78° || 80° || 81°<br />
|-<br />
| DM502 || HESH || 732 || 14.85 || 0.05 || 0.1 || 4,310 || 73° || 77° || 80°<br />
|-<br />
| M392A2 || APDS || 1,478 || 4 || N/A || N/A || N/A || 75° || 78° || 80°<br />
|-<br />
| M393A2 || HESH || 732 || 14.85 || 0.05 || 0.1 || 4,310 || 73° || 77° || 80°<br />
|-<br />
| M456 || HEATFS || 1,173 || 10.5 || 0.05 || 0.1 || 1,270 || 65° || 72° || 77°<br />
|-<br />
| M735 || APFSDS || 1,501 || 3.7 || N/A || N/A || N/A || 76° || 77° || 80°<br />
|-<br />
| Type 75 || HESH || 760 || 10.8 || 0.05 || 0.1 || 3,890 || 73° || 77° || 80°<br />
|-<br />
| Type 91 || HEATFS || 1,150 || 10.5 || 0.05 || 0.1 || 1,270 || 65° || 72° || 77°<br />
|-<br />
| Type 93 || APFSDS || 1,501 || 3.4 || N/A || N/A || N/A || 78° || 80° || 81°<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"<br />
! colspan="7" | Smoke shell characteristics<br />
|-<br />
! Ammunition<br />
! Velocity<br>(m/s)<br />
! Projectile<br>Mass (kg)<br />
! Screen radius<br>(m)<br />
! Screen deploy time<br>(s)<br />
! Screen hold time<br>(s)<br />
! Explosive Mass<br>(TNT equivalent) (g)<br />
|-<br />
| M416 || 730 || 11.4 || 20 || 5 || 25 || 50<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
=== Comparison with analogues ===<br />
<!-- ''Give a comparative description of cannons/machine guns that have firepower equal to this weapon.'' --><br />
<br />
* [[L7A1 (105 mm)|'''L7A1 (105 mm)''']]: The L7A1 is the British original version of the L7A3, and has identical performance with the exception that no HEATFS shell is available for the L7A1.<br />
* [[M68 (105 mm)|'''M68 (105 mm)''']]: The M68 is the American production version of the L7, and so also shares identical performance for matching shells, although the Americans have added a smoke shell in the place of having smoke grenades on vehicles.<br />
* [[D-10T2S (100 mm)|'''D-10T2S (100 mm)''']]: Unlike the standard D-10T found on the T-54, the D-10T2S uses a full stabilizer and has access to ammunition such as the 3BM25 which performs similarly to DM23 and M735 on the L7A3. However, the vehicles using the L7A3 reload faster than the T-55A (which uses the D-10T2S), although the T-55AM-1 does have a gun-launched ATGM which is not a feature found on the L7A3.<br />
* [[OTO Melara 105/52 (105 mm)|'''OTO Melara 105/52 (105 mm)''']]: The OTO Melara 105/52 shares ammunition with the L7A3, and Italian vehicles using it such as the Centauro and OF-40 can reload as fast as the German and Japanese vehicles with the L7A3.<br />
* [[CN-105-F1 (105 mm)|'''CN-105-F1 (105 mm)''']]: The CN-105-F1 has drastically limited ammunition available with only a single shell of each major type present, but the ammunition is just as good or better than that found on the L7A3 as the OFL 105 F1 has the edge in penetration over DM23, although the Japanese Type 93 is still the top ammunition choice.<br />
<br />
== Usage in battles ==<br />
''Describe the cannon/machine gun in the game - its distinctive features, tactics of usage against notable opponents. Please don't write a "guide" - do not impose a single point of view, but give the reader food for thought.''<br />
<br />
=== Pros and cons ===<br />
''Summarise and briefly evaluate the weaponry in terms of its characteristics and combat effectiveness. Mark pros and cons as a list.''<br />
<br />
'''Pros:'''<br />
<br />
* Wide selection of potent ammunition<br />
* Excellent ballistic properties<br />
* Quick reload<br />
* many nations in the game use the L7, ensuring familiarity<br />
<br />
*<br />
<br />
'''Cons:'''<br />
<br />
* APDS, APFSDS HESH and HEAT-FS lose their potency when facing vehicles equipped with ERA or composite armour<br />
<br />
*<br />
<br />
== History ==<br />
''Examine the history of the creation and combat usage of the weapon in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the weapon and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Weapon-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>.''<br />
<br />
== Media ==<br />
''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.''<br />
<br />
== See also ==<br />
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''<br />
<br />
* ''reference to the article about the variant of the cannon/machine gun;''<br />
* ''references to approximate analogues by other nations and research trees.''<br />
<br />
== External links ==<br />
''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''<br />
<br />
* ''topic on the official game forum;''<br />
* ''encyclopedia page on the weapon;''<br />
* ''other literature.''<br />
<br />
{{Germany tank cannons}}<br />
{{Japan tank cannons}}<br />
{{Italy tank cannons}}<br />
<br />
[[Category:Tank cannons]]</div>U29417738https://wiki.warthunder.com/index.php?title=CN-105-F1_(105_mm)&diff=96690CN-105-F1 (105 mm)2021-03-11T12:11:23Z<p>U29417738: /* See also */</p>
<hr />
<div>== Description ==<br />
<!-- ''Write an introduction to the article in 2-3 small paragraphs. Briefly tell us about the history of the development and combat using the weaponry and also about its features. Compile a list of air, ground, or naval vehicles that feature this weapon system in the game.'' --><br />
The '''105 mm Modèle F1''' (or CN-105-F1) is a 105 mm rifled tank gun used by the AMX-30 and its variants. The gun is made from steel with a magnesium thermal sleeve to protect against damage such as bending. One of the unique features of the gun was the ability to shoot the '''Obus à Charge Creuse de 105 mm Modèle F1''' or OCC for short.<br />
<br />
=== Vehicles equipped with this weapon ===<br />
<!-- ''List out vehicles that are equipped with the weapon.'' --><br />
<br />
* {{Specs-Link|fr_amx_30}}<br />
* {{Specs-Link|fr_amx_30_1972}}<br />
* {{Specs-Link|fr_amx_30_b2}}<br />
* {{Specs-Link|fr_amx_30_b2_brenus}}<br />
* {{Specs-Link|fr_amx_30_super}}<br />
<br />
== General info ==<br />
<!-- ''Tell us about the tactical and technical characteristics of the cannon or machine gun.'' --><br />
The Modèle F1 is fitted with a semi-automatic vertical sliding wedge breechblock but it is lacking a muzzle brake. As opposed to the British [[Royal Ordnance L7A1 (105 mm)|L7A1]], the F1 cannon uses a compressed air scavenging system instead of a bore evacuator. The recoil mechanism uses two symmetrically opposed hydraulic brake cylinders with a single hydropneumatic recuperator cylinder.<br />
<br />
=== Available ammunition ===<br />
<!-- ''Describe the shells that are available for the weapon and their features and purpose. If it concerns autocannons or machine guns, write about different ammo belts and what is inside (which types of shells).'' --><br />
<br />
* '''OCC 105 F1'''<br />
<br />
The OCC projectile is the default HEAT round the user starts out with. It consists of two parts, the outer shell with a suspended inner shell connected by ball bearings. This allowed the HEAT round to be spin stabilized unlike other modern HEAT rounds which are fin stabilized. It weighs 10.95 kg and the warhead contains 780 g of RDX. Its speed is 1,000 m/s with the penetration force of up to 400 mm.<br />
<br />
* '''OE 105 F1 Mle.60'''<br />
<br />
The OE 105 projectile is a default HE round the user stats out with. It consists of a steel body with an explosive filling of the TNT type. There is a sensitive impact fuse at the end of the projectile which detonates upon contact with any surface. The projectile weighs 12.1 kg and the explosive mass is 2 kg worth of TNT. Its speed is 700 m/s with the penetration force of 25 mm.<br />
<br />
* '''OFPH 105 F1'''<br />
<br />
The OFPH 105 projectile is a smoke round that creates a full smoke screen after 5 seconds upon impact. The smoke screen itself lasts 25 seconds and has 20 m radius. It weighs 11.4 kg and has a muzzle velocity of 700 m/s.<br />
<br />
* '''OFL 105 F1'''<br />
<br />
The OFL 105 projectile is an APFSDS round that relies on kinetic energy and spalling to damage enemy vehicles. It weighs 3.45 kg but drops to 1.6 kg in-flight due to the SABOT discarding. It moves at the speed of 1,525 m/s with the penetration force of up to 361 mm.<br />
<br />
=== Comparison with analogues ===<br />
<!-- ''Give a comparative description of cannons/machine guns that have firepower equal to this weapon.'' --><br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
! colspan="7" | Comparable cannons to CN-105-F1<br />
|-<br />
!<br />
! Name<br />
! Year of Creation<br />
! Mass<br />
! Rounds Per Minute<br />
! Rounds<br />
! Calibre<br />
|-<br />
| ▄<br />
| [[Royal Ordnance L7A1 (105 mm)|Royal Ordnance L7A1]]<br />
| style="text-align:center;" | 1956<br />
| 1,282 kg<br />
| style="text-align:center;" | 10 RPM<br />
| Shot L28A1 <br> Shell L35<br />
| 105 mm<br />
|-<br />
| ▄<br />
| [[L7A3 (105 mm)|Royal Ordnance L7A3]]<br />
| style="text-align:center;" | 1957<br />
| 1,287 kg<br />
| style="text-align:center;" | 6 RPM<br />
| DM12 <br> DM13 <br> DM33<br />
| 105 mm<br />
|-<br />
| ▃<br />
| [[M68 (105 mm)|M68]]<br />
| style="text-align:center;" | 1958<br />
| 1,128 kg<br />
| style="text-align:center;" | 6 RPM<br />
| M728 <br> M456 <br> M393A2<br />
| 105 mm<br />
|-<br />
| ▄<br />
| [[OTO Melara 105/52 (105 mm)|OTO Melara 105/52]]<br />
| style="text-align:center;" | 1977<br />
| _,___ kg<br />
| style="text-align:center;" | 7 RPM<br />
| M456 <br> M393A2 <br> M735 <br> DM33<br />
| 105 mm<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
== Usage in battles ==<br />
<!-- "Describe the cannon/machine gun in the game - its distinctive features, tactics of usage against notable opponents. Please don't write a "guide" - do not impose a single point of view, but give the reader food for thought." --><br />
Thanks to its very powerful HEAT round and average velocity, one might prefer to fight at longer ranges as opposed to brawling, due to the AMX-30's lack of stabilizers (the only exception is the AMX-30 Super, which does in fact posses a stabilizer). As the HEAT round does not lose its penetration power over distance, one might find themselves reliably one hit killing enemies at longer distances.<br />
<br />
If one is using the [[AMX-30B2]], [[AMX-30B2 BRENUS]] or the [[AMX-30 Super]], they'll have access to the OFL 105 F1 APFSDS round. This is purely a kinetic energy shell so it can not hull break light vehicles, unlike the OCC 105 F1. If compared to the OCC 105 F1, penetration drops by around 40 mm but the velocity will be increased from 1000 m/s to 1525 m/s. This makes the round even more reliable at longer ranges. However, one should not instantly forget about the HEAT round as compared to the APFSDS round, the damage is far greater. The APFSDS creates little to no spalling, forcing the player to either hit the hostile's tank ammo rack or try to knock out the whole crew. As mentioned earlier, this round can not hull break certain vehicles, and due to the round creating little spalling, light vehicles can very easily survive an encounter against an OFL 105 F1 round. Taking a few HEAT rounds is recommended for this exact situation.<br />
<br />
=== Pros and cons ===<br />
<!-- "Summarise and briefly evaluate the weaponry in terms of its characteristics and combat effectiveness. Mark pros and cons as a list." --><br />
<br />
'''Pros:'''<br />
<br />
* Very powerful HEAT round, reliably one hit kills due to the 400 mm penetration value and above average spalling<br />
<br />
'''Cons:'''<br />
<br />
* AMX-30 and the AMX-30 (1972) lack the OFL 105 F1 round<br />
* OFL 105 F1 does not produce reliable spalling, one hit kill is inconsistent<br />
* HEAT round is very sensitive, a simple bush might stop it<br />
<br />
== History ==<br />
<!-- "Examine the history of the creation and combat usage of the weapon in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the weapon and adding a block "/History" (example: https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Weapon-name)/History) and add a link to it here using the main template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <ref></ref>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <references />." --><br />
The 105 mm Modèle F1 first entered service in the year 1966. It was designed at the '''Établissement central de l'armement terrestre''' (Central Establishment of Land Armament) in Saint-Cloud and developed by the '''atelier de Bourges''' (Bourges Arsenal) towards the end of 1950. A shortened version of the gun was also used on the M-51 'Super Sherman', which was an improved Israeli version of the American M4 Sherman tank.<br />
<br />
Its design is based on that of the CN-105-57, used by the AMX-13. The length of the barrel is 5.9 m and its official designation is "Cn 105 Mle 622". It weighs 2,470 kg and it requires 2 crew members to operate efficiently. <br />
<br />
The AMX-30 with its spin stabilized HEAT round, was considered as an "ideal round" for its time. The Modèle F1 was also designed to fire the OCC F1 Mle.60 high explosive projectile, but also the SCC F1 training round and the OFUM PH-105 F1 smoke round.<br />
<br />
== Media ==<br />
<!-- "Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos." --><br />
<br />
<gallery mode="packed" heights="150"><br />
File:AMX30 Super.jpg|AMX-30 Super equipped with the CN-105-F1<br />
File:AMX30.jpg|AMX-30 (1972) equipped with the CN-105-F1<br />
</gallery><br />
<br />
== See also ==<br />
<!-- "Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:<br />
<br />
* "reference to the article about the variant of the cannon/machine gun;"<br />
<br />
* "references to approximate analogues by other nations and research trees." --><br />
<br />
* [[Royal Ordnance L7A1 (105 mm)]] - British 105 mm cannon<br />
* [[L7A3 (105 mm)]] - British 105 mm cannon. Identical to the L7A1, the only exception is that it can load HEAT-FS and APFSDS rounds<br />
* [[OTO Melara 105/52 (105 mm)]] - Italian 105 mm cannon<br />
* [[M68 (105 mm)]] - American license-produced version of the Royal Ordnance L7, the only difference is that the cannon is secured to the breech by a tapered pin and interrupted breech threads which allow the barrel to be removed from the tank shield without having to dismantle the mantlet.<br />
<br />
== External links ==<br />
<!-- ''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''<br />
* ''topic on the official game forum;''<br />
* ''encyclopedia page on the weapon;''<br />
* ''other literature.'' --><br />
<br />
* [[wikipedia:105_mm_Modèle_F1|[Wikipedia] 105 mm Modèle F1]]<br />
* [http://www.kotsch88.de/m_105mm-m57-2.htm <nowiki>[Kotsch88] Ammunition for the Modèle F1</nowiki>]<br />
* [https://www.angelfire.com/mi4/armania/armor/firepower/Cannon.html <nowiki>[Angelfire] Comparison of tank cannons</nowiki>]<br />
<br />
{{France tank cannons}}<br />
<br />
[[Category:Tank cannons]]</div>U29417738https://wiki.warthunder.com/index.php?title=Leopard_A1A1_(L/44)&diff=96357Leopard A1A1 (L/44)2021-03-10T13:20:01Z<p>U29417738: /* Pros and cons */</p>
<hr />
<div>{{About<br />
| about = gift German medium tank '''{{PAGENAME}}'''<br />
| usage = other variants<br />
| link = Leopard 1 (Family)<br />
}}<br />
{{Specs-Card<br />
|code=germ_leopard_a1a1_120<br />
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_Leopard_A1A1_(L_44).jpg}}<br />
|store=6384<br />
}}<br />
<br />
== Description ==<br />
<!-- ''In the description, the first part should be about the history of the creation and combat usage of the vehicle, as well as its key features. In the second part, tell the reader about the ground vehicle in the game. Insert a screenshot of the vehicle, so that if the novice player does not remember the vehicle by name, he will immediately understand what kind of vehicle the article is talking about.'' --><br />
The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a premium gift rank {{Specs|rank}} German medium tank {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.81 "The Valkyries"]].<br />
<br />
== General info ==<br />
=== Survivability and armour ===<br />
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}<br />
<!-- ''Describe armour protection. Note the most well protected and key weak areas. Appreciate the layout of modules as well as the number and location of crew members. Is the level of armour protection sufficient, is the placement of modules helpful for survival in combat? If necessary use a visual template to indicate the most secure and weak zones of the armour.'' --><br />
<br />
Players who have purchased the Leopard A1A1 L/44 should be familiar with the armour of non-premium Leopard 1s. If not, the Leopard may not be what people expect a tank to be. It was developed before composite materials were discovered at a time where HEAT shells were so effective that in order for armour to be effective, it would be so thick that it would not be practical. Hence, the designers of Leopard 1s, knowing that there was no possible way of stopping HEAT rounds, removed the concept of armour. In essence, the Leopard A1A1 has no armour. The front hull, accounting slope, is only some 130 mm thick. The turret and gun mantle are some 100 mm depending on the angle. The [[BMP-2]]'s autocannon, for instance, loaded with APDS, will penetrate your turret and will cause major damage. Any HEAT projectile impacting the tank will likely result in instantly being destroyed. However, the engine block can at times reliably save the crew from HEAT shells. APDS and APFSDS are a different story. The armour on the Leopard A1A1 is so thin that most non-explosive-filled shells will seldom cause spalling upon penetrating the side of the tank. Frontal penetrations will cause much more damage, as the armour is just enough to cause spalling.<br />
<br />
The ready rack ammo is stored vertically within your turret to the left side of the tank. So AP penetrations to the right side of your tank may not set off the ammo. But, 3/4 of your crew are sited in a single file on the right side. So a penetration will knock you out nonetheless. Try to take no more than 18 shells, as it will increase the likelihood of ammo cook-off. The point is not to get hit, because if anything hits you, it will go through, and it will cause damage.<br />
<br />
In some cases, you could operate the tank backwards and use your engine block as a shield, as most HEAT shells will be absorbed by your transmission, radiator and engine, although in this position you have limited depression as the engine block forces the gun upwards. Despite these limitations, the tank can be surprisingly survivable, provided it is played carefully rather than relying on the armour. Also, it will usually take 2 hits to kill this tank, so if you are hit, pop smoke, retreat, repair, and re-appear somewhere else on the map.<br />
<br />
'''Armour type:'''<br />
<br />
*Rolled homogeneous armour (Hull, Turret roof)<br />
*Cast homogeneous armour (Turret)<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|-<br />
! Armour !! Front (Slope angle) !! Sides (Slope angle) !! Rear !! Roof<br />
|-<br />
| Hull || 70 mm (60°) ''Front glacis'' <br /> 50 mm (50°) ''Bottom glacis'' || 35 (39-41°) mm ''Top hull side'' <br /> 30 + 5 mm ''Bottom hull side'' || 25 mm (8-48°) || 30 mm ''Front area'' <br /> 15-25 mm ''Rear area''<br />
|-<br />
| Turret || 45-200 mm (0-60°) ''Turret front/Gun mantlet'' || 37-45 (21-49°)+ 10-20 (0-34°) mm || 38-52 (22-54°) + 10 (9-10°) mm <br> 25 mm (65°) ''Bustle belly''|| 25-35 mm ''Turret roof'' <br> 20-25 mm ''Cupola area''<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
'''Notes:'''<br />
<br />
* Suspension wheels and tracks are 20 mm thick.<br />
* The turret mantlet has a varying thickness of 45 - 200 mm thick. It is thickest near the center.<br />
* 10 mm of track armour added onto front hull glacis<br />
<br />
=== Mobility ===<br />
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}<br />
<!-- ''Write about the mobility of the ground vehicle. Estimate the specific power and manoeuvrability, as well as the maximum speed forwards and backwards.'' --><br />
<br />
{{tankMobility|abMinHp=1,286|rbMinHp=734}}<br />
<br />
The mobility of the {{PAGENAME}} is between the [[XM-1 (GM)|XM-1]] and [[T-55AM-1]]. Forward speed off-road, expect some 40-50 km/h. The reverse is about -15 km/h off-road. The neutral steering is absolutely amazing, you are able to swivel your tank easily. The suspensions are also great, very soft with great dampening effects, so expect a smooth drive. Overall, manoeuvrability is excellent, and should be used to your advantage since the tank has limited armour.<br />
<br />
=== Modifications and economy ===<br />
{{Specs-Economy}}<br />
<br />
== Armaments ==<br />
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}<br />
=== Main armament ===<br />
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}<br />
<!-- ''Give the reader information about the characteristics of the main gun. Assess its effectiveness in a battle based on the reloading speed, ballistics and the power of shells. Do not forget about the flexibility of the fire, that is how quickly the cannon can be aimed at the target, open fire on it and aim at another enemy. Add a link to the main article on the gun: <code><nowiki>{{main|Name of the weapon}}</nowiki></code>. Describe in general terms the ammunition available for the main gun. Give advice on how to use them and how to fill the ammunition storage.'' --><br />
{{main|Rh120 L/44 (120 mm)}}<br />
<br />
The legendary 120 mm Rheinmetall L44 cannon does not fall short of its name. You get access to only two types of shells, DM13 APFSDS and DM12 HEAT-FS, with both being highly competitive and effective at its battle-rating. The DM13 APFSDS round has a whopping 390 mm of penetration and is capable of defeating any armour of any tank this tank may potentially face, bar the [[T-64B]]. The round also travels extremely fast at 1,650 m/s, making long-range shooting and hitting moving targets exceptionally easy. The HEAT-FS, on the other hand, will result in hull-breaks on lightly armoured targets while also being free of cost. The 120 mm HEAT with its 480 mm penetration is able hull-break [[Object 120]]s and [[Object 906|906]]s and anything that's not a main battle tank. For example, you can hit the tracks of an anti-aircraft vehicle, and it will hull-break. The 1,140 m/s velocity may, however, make long-range engagements more difficult, especially when dealing with moving targets.<br />
<br />
The L44 also features a decent reload time of 8.7 seconds stock and 6.7 seconds spaded, which is comparable to its 105 mm armed counterpart. The gun also features a stabiliser, making firing on the move a definite capability. However, it only works up to around 30 to 40 km/h. Beyond that, the gun becomes quite jittery and hard to aim.<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="5" | [[Rh120 L/44 (120 mm)|120 mm Rh120 L/44]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)<br />
|-<br />
! Mode !! Capacity !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer<br />
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced<br />
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced<br />
|-<br />
! ''Arcade''<br />
| rowspan="2" | 41 || rowspan="2" | -9°/+20° || rowspan="2" | ±180° || rowspan="2" | Two-plane || 22.8 || 31.6 || 38.4 || 42.5 || 45.2 || rowspan="2" | 8.71 || rowspan="2" | 7.70 || rowspan="2" | 7.10 || rowspan="2" | 6.70<br />
|-<br />
! ''Realistic''<br />
| 14.3 || 16.8 || 20.4 || 22.6 || 24.0<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==== Ammunition ====<br />
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"<br />
! colspan="8" | Penetration statistics<br />
|-<br />
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition<br />
! rowspan="2" | Type of<br>warhead<br />
! colspan="6" | '''Penetration @ 0° Angle of Attack (mm)'''<br />
|-<br />
! 10 m !! 100 m !! 500 m !! 1,000 m !! 1,500 m !! 2,000 m<br />
|-<br />
| DM13 || APFSDS || 393 || 390 || 384 || 376 || 367 || 359<br />
|-<br />
| DM12 || HEATFS || 480 || 480 || 480 || 480 || 480 || 480<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"<br />
! colspan="10" | Shell details<br />
|-<br />
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition<br />
! rowspan="2" | Type of<br>warhead<br />
! rowspan="2" | Velocity<br>(m/s)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Projectile<br>Mass (kg)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Fuse delay<br>(m)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Fuse sensitivity<br>(mm)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Explosive Mass<br>(TNT equivalent) (g)<br />
! colspan="3" | Ricochet<br />
|-<br />
! 0% !! 50% !! 100%<br />
|-<br />
| DM13 || APFSDS || 1,650 || 4.44 || N/A || N/A || N/A || 78° || 80° || 81°<br />
|-<br />
| DM12 || HEATFS || 1,140 || 13.5 || 0.05 || 0.1 || 2,150 || 65° || 72° || 77°<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==== [[Ammo racks]] ====<br />
[[File:Ammoracks_Leopard A1A1_(L_44).png|right|thumb|x250px|[[Ammo racks]] of the {{PAGENAME}}]]<br />
<!-- '''Last updated:''' --><br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"<br />
|-<br />
! Full<br>ammo<br />
! 1st<br>rack empty<br />
! 2nd<br>rack empty<br />
! Visual<br>discrepancy<br />
|-<br />
| '''41''' || 12&nbsp;''(+29)'' || 1&nbsp;''(+40)'' || No<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
=== Machine guns ===<br />
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|2}}<br />
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|3}}<br />
<!-- ''Offensive and anti-aircraft machine guns not only allow you to fight some aircraft but also are effective against lightly armoured vehicles. Evaluate machine guns and give recommendations on its use.'' --><br />
{{main|MG3A1 (7.62 mm)}}<br />
<br />
The {{PAGENAME}} mounts one coaxial 7.62 mm machine gun and one pintle-mounted 7.62 mm machine gun. These both have particularly high rates of fire, while these are more of deterrents to helicopters and fixed-wing aircraft, as the small calibre bullets will rarely cause critical damage to aircraft, they can also be useful to clear light obstacles and crew in open-top vehicles.<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="5" | [[MG3A1 (7.62 mm)|7.62 mm MG3A1]]<br />
|-<br />
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal<br />
|-<br />
| Coaxial || 4,500 (1,000) || 1,200 || N/A || N/A<br />
|-<br />
| Pintle || 2,000 (1,000) || 1,200 || -8°/+20° || ±120°<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
== Usage in battles ==<br />
<!-- ''Describe the tactics of playing in the vehicle, the features of using vehicles in the team and advice on tactics. Refrain from creating a "guide" - do not impose a single point of view but instead give the reader food for thought. Describe the most dangerous enemies and give recommendations on fighting them. If necessary, note the specifics of the game in different modes (AB, RB, SB).'' --><br />
==== Arcade battles ====<br />
The Leopard A1A1 (L/44) sports an excellent 120 mm L/44 cannon which can make short work of any vehicle that it sees without any issues. However, its armour is extremely lacking and the mobility while good is not as good as an OF-40 (MTCA) or AMX-30 Super. Playing in Arcade battles, it's best to make sure that you are always the first to fire, ensuring you get the jump on your enemies first. What's best done is to hull down and take advantage of the rather good 9 degrees of gun depression and ensuring that you are currently covering a relatively active zone of combat. With its cannon, it can be a very effective sniper or defensive vehicle as those both styles usually involves getting the jump on the enemy while remaining stationary in a concealed position. If done right, the Leopard A1A1 (L/44) can be an extremely effective weapon in Arcade Battles. It's still best to prioritize targets by targeting the most dangerous ones first in order to be of most help to your team. The tank's mobility does allow for flanking however avoid direct confrontation as much as possible.<br />
<br />
==== Realistic battles ====<br />
The primary role of the Leopard A1A1 (L/44) should be that of a long-range sniper and flanker. Its incredible firepower with its 120 mm gun makes it easy to engage and destroy any tank from long distances while remaining concealed and thus protected from enemy fire. The good mobility on this vehicle allows you to reach good positions to snipe from and the laser rangefinder makes long-range targeting easy. The lack of armour on this tank makes direct engagements very risky and often nonviable so keeping at a distance maximizes your chances of survival and opportunity to inflict damage. Alternatively, the Leopard can be employed in flanking manoeuvres, using its good mobility to encircle the enemy and destroy them while they are unaware, again removing the danger of enemy fire destroying your tank. If you want to take a risk, you could rush a cap circle at the beginning of a match, if you tag along with other, better armed MBTs. However, this will almost always result in being destroyed, especially since the vehicle is vulnerable to artillery.<br />
<br />
=== Pros and cons ===<br />
<!-- ''Summarise and briefly evaluate the vehicle in terms of its characteristics and combat effectiveness. Mark its pros and cons in a bulleted list. Try not to use more than 6 points for each of the characteristics. Avoid using categorical definitions such as "bad", "good" and the like - use substitutions with softer forms such as "inadequate" and "effective".'' --><br />
<br />
'''Pros:'''<br />
<br />
* Good mobility with excellent hull traverse and reverse speeds<br />
* Effective gun with powerful ammunition able to defeat any opponent at its battle rating<br />
* The reload speed hasn't changed despite its new 120 mm cannon<br />
* Laser rangefinder<br />
* Keeps the same good mobility, despite the 0.3 tons weight increase<br />
* Thermal sight for gunner<br />
* Excels at long-range engagements<br />
<br />
'''Cons:'''<br />
<br />
* Light armour - a trait shared by all versions of the Leopard I<br />
* No available heavy machine gun, often helpless against helicopter attacks<br />
* Huge ammo rack in hull, any penetrating shot at the area will destroy the tank<br />
* Only generation 1 thermals and no CITV<br />
<br />
== History ==<br />
<!-- ''Describe the history of the creation and combat usage of the vehicle in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the vehicle and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Vehicle-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>. This section may also include the vehicle's dev blog entry (if applicable) and the in-game encyclopedia description (under <code><nowiki>=== In-game description ===</nowiki></code>, also if applicable).'' --><br />
Development of a Leopard 1 fitted with the 120mm L44 cannon began as a private venture of the Rheinmetall company, hoping that such a Leopard 1 variant would be of interest, not just to the German army due to logistical commonalities with the Leopard 2 and higher performance of the gun, but also to international customers seeking third generation MBT features on older machines.<br />
<br />
In the early 1980s, a Leopard 1A1A1 was modified with a thicker cast steel mantlet, suitable for mounting the Rheinmetall 120mm cannon, and additional interior changes to hold the respective ammunition. Further changes were applied in early 1985, with the installation of the EMES 18 fire control system from the Leopard 1A5.<br />
<br />
Although there were several different prototypes based on Leopard 1 outfitted with the 120mm Rheinmetall cannon, none of them managed to justify a costly large scale upgrade effort of existing Leopard 1s. The upgrade was largely considered redundant due to the already more advanced Leopard 2 being in service.<br />
<br />
''- From [[wt:en/news/5724-development-leopard-1-with-the-rheinmetall-120mm-l44-en|Devblog]]''<br />
<br />
== Media ==<br />
<!-- ''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.'' --><br />
{{Youtube-gallery|VSCwCJOW4-Q|'''The Shooting Range #117''' - ''Metal Beasts'' section at 00:53 discusses the Leopard A1A1 (L/44).|Vm0waTJnLrM|'''Downtiered and More Competitive''' - Leopard A1A1 L/44 - War Thunder RB Gameplay'' - Jim Chamberlin''|nwskQP2t5Io|'''WT: Leo A1A1 (L/44) - Tank Review'''<br>''- Napalmratte''|Gta_R82mUXg|'''Premium Vehicles: Leopard 1A1A1 mit L/44''' - ''War Thunder Wiki''.}}<br />
<br />
== See also ==<br />
<!--''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''<br />
<br />
* ''reference to the series of the vehicles;''<br />
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''--><br />
<br />
; Related developments - [[Leopard 1 (Family)]]<br />
<br />
* [[Leopard 1A5]] - Base model of the L/44 installation<br />
<br />
;Similar vehicle of the era that were up-gunned<br />
<br />
* [[M60 AMBT]] - Upgunned [[M60A3 TTS|M60A3]] with a 120 mm<br />
<br />
== External links ==<br />
<!-- ''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''<br />
* ''topic on the official game forum;''<br />
* ''encyclopedia page on the tank;''<br />
* ''other literature.'' --><br />
<br />
* [[wt:en/news/5724-development-leopard-1-with-the-rheinmetall-120mm-l44-en|[Devblog<nowiki>]</nowiki> Leopard 1 with the Rheinmetall 120mm L44]]<br />
<br />
{{Germany medium tanks}}<br />
{{Germany premium ground vehicles}}</div>U29417738https://wiki.warthunder.com/index.php?title=Leopard_A1A1_(L/44)&diff=96305Leopard A1A1 (L/44)2021-03-09T15:27:47Z<p>U29417738: /* Pros and cons */</p>
<hr />
<div>{{About<br />
| about = gift German medium tank '''{{PAGENAME}}'''<br />
| usage = other variants<br />
| link = Leopard 1 (Family)<br />
}}<br />
{{Specs-Card<br />
|code=germ_leopard_a1a1_120<br />
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_Leopard_A1A1_(L_44).jpg}}<br />
|store=6384<br />
}}<br />
<br />
== Description ==<br />
<!-- ''In the description, the first part should be about the history of the creation and combat usage of the vehicle, as well as its key features. In the second part, tell the reader about the ground vehicle in the game. Insert a screenshot of the vehicle, so that if the novice player does not remember the vehicle by name, he will immediately understand what kind of vehicle the article is talking about.'' --><br />
The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a premium gift rank {{Specs|rank}} German medium tank {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.81 "The Valkyries"]].<br />
<br />
== General info ==<br />
=== Survivability and armour ===<br />
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}<br />
<!-- ''Describe armour protection. Note the most well protected and key weak areas. Appreciate the layout of modules as well as the number and location of crew members. Is the level of armour protection sufficient, is the placement of modules helpful for survival in combat? If necessary use a visual template to indicate the most secure and weak zones of the armour.'' --><br />
<br />
Players who have purchased the Leopard A1A1 L/44 should be familiar with the armour of non-premium Leopard 1s. If not, the Leopard may not be what people expect a tank to be. It was developed before composite materials were discovered at a time where HEAT shells were so effective that in order for armour to be effective, it would be so thick that it would not be practical. Hence, the designers of Leopard 1s, knowing that there was no possible way of stopping HEAT rounds, removed the concept of armour. In essence, the Leopard A1A1 has no armour. The front hull, accounting slope, is only some 130 mm thick. The turret and gun mantle are some 100 mm depending on the angle. The [[BMP-2]]'s autocannon, for instance, loaded with APDS, will penetrate your turret and will cause major damage. Any HEAT projectile impacting the tank will likely result in instantly being destroyed. However, the engine block can at times reliably save the crew from HEAT shells. APDS and APFSDS are a different story. The armour on the Leopard A1A1 is so thin that most non-explosive-filled shells will seldom cause spalling upon penetrating the side of the tank. Frontal penetrations will cause much more damage, as the armour is just enough to cause spalling.<br />
<br />
The ready rack ammo is stored vertically within your turret to the left side of the tank. So AP penetrations to the right side of your tank may not set off the ammo. But, 3/4 of your crew are sited in a single file on the right side. So a penetration will knock you out nonetheless. Try to take no more than 18 shells, as it will increase the likelihood of ammo cook-off. The point is not to get hit, because if anything hits you, it will go through, and it will cause damage.<br />
<br />
In some cases, you could operate the tank backwards and use your engine block as a shield, as most HEAT shells will be absorbed by your transmission, radiator and engine, although in this position you have limited depression as the engine block forces the gun upwards. Despite these limitations, the tank can be surprisingly survivable, provided it is played carefully rather than relying on the armour. Also, it will usually take 2 hits to kill this tank, so if you are hit, pop smoke, retreat, repair, and re-appear somewhere else on the map.<br />
<br />
'''Armour type:'''<br />
<br />
*Rolled homogeneous armour (Hull, Turret roof)<br />
*Cast homogeneous armour (Turret)<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|-<br />
! Armour !! Front (Slope angle) !! Sides (Slope angle) !! Rear !! Roof<br />
|-<br />
| Hull || 70 mm (60°) ''Front glacis'' <br /> 50 mm (50°) ''Bottom glacis'' || 35 (39-41°) mm ''Top hull side'' <br /> 30 + 5 mm ''Bottom hull side'' || 25 mm (8-48°) || 30 mm ''Front area'' <br /> 15-25 mm ''Rear area''<br />
|-<br />
| Turret || 45-200 mm (0-60°) ''Turret front/Gun mantlet'' || 37-45 (21-49°)+ 10-20 (0-34°) mm || 38-52 (22-54°) + 10 (9-10°) mm <br> 25 mm (65°) ''Bustle belly''|| 25-35 mm ''Turret roof'' <br> 20-25 mm ''Cupola area''<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
'''Notes:'''<br />
<br />
* Suspension wheels and tracks are 20 mm thick.<br />
* The turret mantlet has a varying thickness of 45 - 200 mm thick. It is thickest near the center.<br />
* 10 mm of track armour added onto front hull glacis<br />
<br />
=== Mobility ===<br />
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}<br />
<!-- ''Write about the mobility of the ground vehicle. Estimate the specific power and manoeuvrability, as well as the maximum speed forwards and backwards.'' --><br />
<br />
{{tankMobility|abMinHp=1,286|rbMinHp=734}}<br />
<br />
The mobility of the {{PAGENAME}} is between the [[XM-1 (GM)|XM-1]] and [[T-55AM-1]]. Forward speed off-road, expect some 40-50 km/h. The reverse is about -15 km/h off-road. The neutral steering is absolutely amazing, you are able to swivel your tank easily. The suspensions are also great, very soft with great dampening effects, so expect a smooth drive. Overall, manoeuvrability is excellent, and should be used to your advantage since the tank has limited armour.<br />
<br />
=== Modifications and economy ===<br />
{{Specs-Economy}}<br />
<br />
== Armaments ==<br />
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}<br />
=== Main armament ===<br />
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}<br />
<!-- ''Give the reader information about the characteristics of the main gun. Assess its effectiveness in a battle based on the reloading speed, ballistics and the power of shells. Do not forget about the flexibility of the fire, that is how quickly the cannon can be aimed at the target, open fire on it and aim at another enemy. Add a link to the main article on the gun: <code><nowiki>{{main|Name of the weapon}}</nowiki></code>. Describe in general terms the ammunition available for the main gun. Give advice on how to use them and how to fill the ammunition storage.'' --><br />
{{main|Rh120 L/44 (120 mm)}}<br />
<br />
The legendary 120 mm Rheinmetall L44 cannon does not fall short of its name. You get access to only two types of shells, DM13 APFSDS and DM12 HEAT-FS, with both being highly competitive and effective at its battle-rating. The DM13 APFSDS round has a whopping 390 mm of penetration and is capable of defeating any armour of any tank this tank may potentially face, bar the [[T-64B]]. The round also travels extremely fast at 1,650 m/s, making long-range shooting and hitting moving targets exceptionally easy. The HEAT-FS, on the other hand, will result in hull-breaks on lightly armoured targets while also being free of cost. The 120 mm HEAT with its 480 mm penetration is able hull-break [[Object 120]]s and [[Object 906|906]]s and anything that's not a main battle tank. For example, you can hit the tracks of an anti-aircraft vehicle, and it will hull-break. The 1,140 m/s velocity may, however, make long-range engagements more difficult, especially when dealing with moving targets.<br />
<br />
The L44 also features a decent reload time of 8.7 seconds stock and 6.7 seconds spaded, which is comparable to its 105 mm armed counterpart. The gun also features a stabiliser, making firing on the move a definite capability. However, it only works up to around 30 to 40 km/h. Beyond that, the gun becomes quite jittery and hard to aim.<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="5" | [[Rh120 L/44 (120 mm)|120 mm Rh120 L/44]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)<br />
|-<br />
! Mode !! Capacity !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer<br />
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced<br />
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced<br />
|-<br />
! ''Arcade''<br />
| rowspan="2" | 41 || rowspan="2" | -9°/+20° || rowspan="2" | ±180° || rowspan="2" | Two-plane || 22.8 || 31.6 || 38.4 || 42.5 || 45.2 || rowspan="2" | 8.71 || rowspan="2" | 7.70 || rowspan="2" | 7.10 || rowspan="2" | 6.70<br />
|-<br />
! ''Realistic''<br />
| 14.3 || 16.8 || 20.4 || 22.6 || 24.0<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==== Ammunition ====<br />
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"<br />
! colspan="8" | Penetration statistics<br />
|-<br />
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition<br />
! rowspan="2" | Type of<br>warhead<br />
! colspan="6" | '''Penetration @ 0° Angle of Attack (mm)'''<br />
|-<br />
! 10 m !! 100 m !! 500 m !! 1,000 m !! 1,500 m !! 2,000 m<br />
|-<br />
| DM13 || APFSDS || 393 || 390 || 384 || 376 || 367 || 359<br />
|-<br />
| DM12 || HEATFS || 480 || 480 || 480 || 480 || 480 || 480<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"<br />
! colspan="10" | Shell details<br />
|-<br />
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition<br />
! rowspan="2" | Type of<br>warhead<br />
! rowspan="2" | Velocity<br>(m/s)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Projectile<br>Mass (kg)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Fuse delay<br>(m)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Fuse sensitivity<br>(mm)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Explosive Mass<br>(TNT equivalent) (g)<br />
! colspan="3" | Ricochet<br />
|-<br />
! 0% !! 50% !! 100%<br />
|-<br />
| DM13 || APFSDS || 1,650 || 4.44 || N/A || N/A || N/A || 78° || 80° || 81°<br />
|-<br />
| DM12 || HEATFS || 1,140 || 13.5 || 0.05 || 0.1 || 2,150 || 65° || 72° || 77°<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==== [[Ammo racks]] ====<br />
[[File:Ammoracks_Leopard A1A1_(L_44).png|right|thumb|x250px|[[Ammo racks]] of the {{PAGENAME}}]]<br />
<!-- '''Last updated:''' --><br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"<br />
|-<br />
! Full<br>ammo<br />
! 1st<br>rack empty<br />
! 2nd<br>rack empty<br />
! Visual<br>discrepancy<br />
|-<br />
| '''41''' || 12&nbsp;''(+29)'' || 1&nbsp;''(+40)'' || No<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
=== Machine guns ===<br />
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|2}}<br />
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|3}}<br />
<!-- ''Offensive and anti-aircraft machine guns not only allow you to fight some aircraft but also are effective against lightly armoured vehicles. Evaluate machine guns and give recommendations on its use.'' --><br />
{{main|MG3A1 (7.62 mm)}}<br />
<br />
The {{PAGENAME}} mounts one coaxial 7.62 mm machine gun and one pintle-mounted 7.62 mm machine gun. These both have particularly high rates of fire, while these are more of deterrents to helicopters and fixed-wing aircraft, as the small calibre bullets will rarely cause critical damage to aircraft, they can also be useful to clear light obstacles and crew in open-top vehicles.<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="5" | [[MG3A1 (7.62 mm)|7.62 mm MG3A1]]<br />
|-<br />
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal<br />
|-<br />
| Coaxial || 4,500 (1,000) || 1,200 || N/A || N/A<br />
|-<br />
| Pintle || 2,000 (1,000) || 1,200 || -8°/+20° || ±120°<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
== Usage in battles ==<br />
<!-- ''Describe the tactics of playing in the vehicle, the features of using vehicles in the team and advice on tactics. Refrain from creating a "guide" - do not impose a single point of view but instead give the reader food for thought. Describe the most dangerous enemies and give recommendations on fighting them. If necessary, note the specifics of the game in different modes (AB, RB, SB).'' --><br />
==== Arcade battles ====<br />
The Leopard A1A1 (L/44) sports an excellent 120 mm L/44 cannon which can make short work of any vehicle that it sees without any issues. However, its armour is extremely lacking and the mobility while good is not as good as an OF-40 (MTCA) or AMX-30 Super. Playing in Arcade battles, it's best to make sure that you are always the first to fire, ensuring you get the jump on your enemies first. What's best done is to hull down and take advantage of the rather good 9 degrees of gun depression and ensuring that you are currently covering a relatively active zone of combat. With its cannon, it can be a very effective sniper or defensive vehicle as those both styles usually involves getting the jump on the enemy while remaining stationary in a concealed position. If done right, the Leopard A1A1 (L/44) can be an extremely effective weapon in Arcade Battles. It's still best to prioritize targets by targeting the most dangerous ones first in order to be of most help to your team. The tank's mobility does allow for flanking however avoid direct confrontation as much as possible.<br />
<br />
==== Realistic battles ====<br />
The primary role of the Leopard A1A1 (L/44) should be that of a long-range sniper and flanker. Its incredible firepower with its 120 mm gun makes it easy to engage and destroy any tank from long distances while remaining concealed and thus protected from enemy fire. The good mobility on this vehicle allows you to reach good positions to snipe from and the laser rangefinder makes long-range targeting easy. The lack of armour on this tank makes direct engagements very risky and often nonviable so keeping at a distance maximizes your chances of survival and opportunity to inflict damage. Alternatively, the Leopard can be employed in flanking manoeuvres, using its good mobility to encircle the enemy and destroy them while they are unaware, again removing the danger of enemy fire destroying your tank. If you want to take a risk, you could rush a cap circle at the beginning of a match, if you tag along with other, better armed MBTs. However, this will almost always result in being destroyed, especially since the vehicle is vulnerable to artillery.<br />
<br />
=== Pros and cons ===<br />
<!-- ''Summarise and briefly evaluate the vehicle in terms of its characteristics and combat effectiveness. Mark its pros and cons in a bulleted list. Try not to use more than 6 points for each of the characteristics. Avoid using categorical definitions such as "bad", "good" and the like - use substitutions with softer forms such as "inadequate" and "effective".'' --><br />
<br />
'''Pros:'''<br />
<br />
* Good mobility with excellent hull traverse and reverse speeds<br />
* Effective gun with powerful ammunition able to defeat any opponent at its battle-rating<br />
* The reload speed hasn't changed despite its new 120 mm cannon<br />
* Laser rangefinder<br />
* Despite the addition of 0.3 tons of weight, the mobility hasn't changed<br />
* Thermal sight for gunner<br />
* Excels at long-range engagements<br />
* High premium boosters - efficient grinder and silver lion earner<br />
* Good reactive mobility<br />
<br />
'''Cons:'''<br />
<br />
* Armour does not reliably protect against even autocannons<br />
* No available heavy machine gun, often helpless against helicopter attacks<br />
* Huge ammo rack in hull, any penetrating shot at the area will destroy the tank<br />
* Only generation 1 thermals and no CITV<br />
<br />
== History ==<br />
<!-- ''Describe the history of the creation and combat usage of the vehicle in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the vehicle and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Vehicle-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>. This section may also include the vehicle's dev blog entry (if applicable) and the in-game encyclopedia description (under <code><nowiki>=== In-game description ===</nowiki></code>, also if applicable).'' --><br />
Development of a Leopard 1 fitted with the 120mm L44 cannon began as a private venture of the Rheinmetall company, hoping that such a Leopard 1 variant would be of interest, not just to the German army due to logistical commonalities with the Leopard 2 and higher performance of the gun, but also to international customers seeking third generation MBT features on older machines.<br />
<br />
In the early 1980s, a Leopard 1A1A1 was modified with a thicker cast steel mantlet, suitable for mounting the Rheinmetall 120mm cannon, and additional interior changes to hold the respective ammunition. Further changes were applied in early 1985, with the installation of the EMES 18 fire control system from the Leopard 1A5.<br />
<br />
Although there were several different prototypes based on Leopard 1 outfitted with the 120mm Rheinmetall cannon, none of them managed to justify a costly large scale upgrade effort of existing Leopard 1s. The upgrade was largely considered redundant due to the already more advanced Leopard 2 being in service.<br />
<br />
''- From [[wt:en/news/5724-development-leopard-1-with-the-rheinmetall-120mm-l44-en|Devblog]]''<br />
<br />
== Media ==<br />
<!-- ''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.'' --><br />
{{Youtube-gallery|VSCwCJOW4-Q|'''The Shooting Range #117''' - ''Metal Beasts'' section at 00:53 discusses the Leopard A1A1 (L/44).|Vm0waTJnLrM|'''Downtiered and More Competitive''' - Leopard A1A1 L/44 - War Thunder RB Gameplay'' - Jim Chamberlin''|nwskQP2t5Io|'''WT: Leo A1A1 (L/44) - Tank Review'''<br>''- Napalmratte''|Gta_R82mUXg|'''Premium Vehicles: Leopard 1A1A1 mit L/44''' - ''War Thunder Wiki''.}}<br />
<br />
== See also ==<br />
<!--''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''<br />
<br />
* ''reference to the series of the vehicles;''<br />
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''--><br />
<br />
; Related developments - [[Leopard 1 (Family)]]<br />
<br />
* [[Leopard 1A5]] - Base model of the L/44 installation<br />
<br />
;Similar vehicle of the era that were up-gunned<br />
<br />
* [[M60 AMBT]] - Upgunned [[M60A3 TTS|M60A3]] with a 120 mm<br />
<br />
== External links ==<br />
<!-- ''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''<br />
* ''topic on the official game forum;''<br />
* ''encyclopedia page on the tank;''<br />
* ''other literature.'' --><br />
<br />
* [[wt:en/news/5724-development-leopard-1-with-the-rheinmetall-120mm-l44-en|[Devblog<nowiki>]</nowiki> Leopard 1 with the Rheinmetall 120mm L44]]<br />
<br />
{{Germany medium tanks}}<br />
{{Germany premium ground vehicles}}</div>U29417738https://wiki.warthunder.com/index.php?title=AMX-30B2_BRENUS&diff=96033AMX-30B2 BRENUS2021-03-04T10:57:55Z<p>U29417738: /* Pros and cons */</p>
<hr />
<div>{{About<br />
|about= French medium tank '''{{PAGENAME}}'''<br />
|usage= other uses<br />
|link= AMX-30 (Family)<br />
}}<br />
{{Specs-Card<br />
|code=fr_amx_30_b2_brenus<br />
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
== Description ==<br />
<!-- ''In the description, the first part should be about the history of the creation and combat usage of the vehicle, as well as its key features. In the second part, tell the reader about the ground vehicle in the game. Insert a screenshot of the vehicle, so that if the novice player does not remember the vehicle by name, he will immediately understand what kind of vehicle the article is talking about.'' --><br />
The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} French medium tank {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.77 "Advancing Storm"]]. The AMX-30B2 BRENUS, or Brennus in some sources, was a modernized French MBT which saw combat in the Gulf War.<br />
<br />
== General info ==<br />
=== Survivability and armour ===<br />
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}<br />
<!-- ''Describe armour protection. Note the most well protected and key weak areas. Appreciate the layout of modules as well as the number and location of crew members. Is the level of armour protection sufficient, is the placement of modules helpful for survival in combat? If necessary use a visual template to indicate the most secure and weak zones of the armour.'' --><br />
<br />
The AMX-30B2 has a complex array of armour plates in addition of the ERA.<br />
<br />
The frontal glacis is in two parts, the upper area that is 50 mm RHA sloped at 76 degrees and the lower one being 79 mm CHA sloped at roughly 70 degrees. The lower part of the front glacis is, in theory, able to withstand the [[T-54 (1951)|T-54]] APCBC shell better than the Leopard does. However, shots contacting the upper part will often resulting the shot bouncing upward and penetrating the turret front, which is very weak (even the [[M18 GMC]] can penetrate it with ease). The lower glacis plate is not as strong since it is not sloped as much as the front plate, but penetrating this plate will often not result in a colossal damage. However, the curve joint between the upper and the lower glacis plate is very weak and often a penetration through this area will end with a one-shot.<br />
<br />
Also, it is noted that there is a fuel container in the front of the tank protecting the ammo rack, which sometimes penetrating rounds will just set afire just like the T-54 does. The difference is that AMX-30 tank's first stage ammo rack is the turret rack, so after experiencing prolonged combat, the hull ammo rack will be emptied and left defused. The hull sides and rears are very weak, they are all 30 mm plates. Even anti-aircraft vehicles doing side shots will penetrate this tank fast (for example, the [[R3 T20 FA-HS]] at BR 4.0 for Italy).<br />
[[File:AMX-30B2-BRENUS-ERA.png|left|thumb|344x344px|AMX-30B2 BRENUS max effective armour]]<br />
The turret armour is not sufficient at this rank, nor at any rank from even rank IV upwards. The gun shield itself mostly offers a 60-100 mm protection. However, some sabot shots will get absorbed by the breech, which actually offers better protection in the [[AMX-30B2]] than the [[Leopard 1 (Family)|Leopard 1]] does. Shooting the turret ring will damage the turret drives, and can sometimes trigger a crew knock out. The turret sides are very weak, often gives you a protection around 60 mm. The rear is worse, plus the turret ammo rack is placed at the end of the turret rear, shooting this area will destroy the tank one shot.<br />
<br />
The ERA offers a really good protection for chemical energy penetrators such as HEAT-FS, ATGMs and anti-tank grenades, having a protection of 400 mm from just the block itself. This makes the tank capable of withstanding hits of almost all HEAT-FS of the BR (most of them penetrate between 320 mm to 480 mm) and even some ATGMs (between 400 mm to 650 mm). It should be noted that ERA itself cannot stop all the spalling created by the premature explosion, some ATGM's like the 9M117 (ATGM of the [[T-55AM-1]] and [[T-62M-1]]) will be partially stopped by the ERA reducing its spalling significantly but can still be able to damage modules and crew members (most of the time they will be left orange or red although they can sometimes knock them out). It is also able to reduce the penetration or stop ATGM like the [[9M113 Konkurs]] (ATGM of the [[BMP-2]]) and 9M112 (ATGM of the [[T-64B]]) although do not expect it to happen all the time, it depends on your angling and where the missile impacts. Chassis should be angled most of the time to potentialize the ERA effectiveness with the 79 mm thick steel plate, capable of making the armour reach 1,432 mm of effective armour against CE penetrators (refer to picture) making it capable of even stopping completely [[9M133]] Kornet ATGM (ATGM of the [[BMP-2M]]) which has 1,300 mm of penetration.<br />
<br />
'''EIREL Active Protection System'''<br />
[[File:EIREL APS in action.gif|thumb|AMX-30B2 BRENUS using EIREL against an M901 I-TOW ATGM at 320m (GIF media). As it is seen, the BRENUS turret doesn't have to be aiming directly on the enemy.]]<br />
The AMX-30B2 BRENUS has access to an infra-red jammer, the EIREL APS. It is a constant active APS which provides protection against a wide variety of threats. The scanner-type jamming device (honeycomb shaped equipment next to smoke launchers) is mounted on the roof of the tank to cover the vulnerable frontal arc. It called "Infrared Countermeasure" for the following reason: SACLOS guidance utilizes a beam-riding guidance which is connected to the GPS (gunner main sight in some cases, on others it is a different sight like on [[T-55AM-1]] and [[T-62M-1]]) which uses a flare as reference point for the guidance system in the ATGM. The missile moves with the gunner's sight and the flare tries to stay on the crosshairs. IRCM confuses the GPS with a brighter IR light decoy acting as the flare (the flare is also IR) which signals the ATGM to move to a different position nowhere near from the gunner's target.<br />
[[File:EIREL IR light.png|left|thumb|AMX-30B2 BRENUS with EIREL turned on at night with light intensifier NVD]]<br />
The EIREL APS has a minimum jamming range of roughly 50 m, meaning it will only deviate ATGMs past 50 m although it depends on the ATGM speed and ATGM angle of attack. This is the approximate distance between all ATGM in-game but it may vary. It will be able to jam a missile launched by a [[Swingfire]] faster due to its launch speed and flight path than an [[M3 Bradley]]. It has a protection arc of ~60° horizontal (between 20°-30° horizontally, refer to gif) and 120° vertical (able to counter helicopter-launched ATGMs). The turret must be facing the threat in order to let the APS work properly.<br />
{{clear}}<br />
EIREL will jam SACLOS missiles including wire-guidance:<div style="column-count:3;-moz-column-count:3;-webkit-column-count:3"><br />
* [[3M7]]<br />
* 9M112 (launched from [[2A46M-1 (125 mm)|2A46M-1]])<br />
* [[9M113 Konkurs]]<br />
* [[9M114 Shturm]]<br />
* 9M117 (launched from [[2A70 (100 mm)|2A70]], [[D-10T2S (100 mm)|D-10T2S]], and [[U-5TS (115 mm)|U-5TS]])<br />
* 9M119 (launched from [[2A46M-1 (125 mm)|2A46M-1]])<br />
* [[9M120 Ataka]]<br />
* [[9M123]]<br />
* [[9M311]]<br />
* ACRA (on the [[AMX-30 ACRA]])<br />
* [[BGM-71A TOW]]<br />
* [[BGM-71B TOW]]<br />
* [[BGM-71C I-TOW]]<br />
* [[HOT-1]]<br />
* [[HOT-2 TOW]]<br />
* [[Kh-23M]]<br />
* Kh-66<br />
* MGM-51B (launched from [[M81 (152 mm)|M81]] and [[M162 (152 mm)|M162]])<br />
* MGM-51C (launched from [[XM150E5 (152 mm)|XM150E5]])<br />
* [[MILAN]]<br />
* [[Rbs 55]]<br />
* [[Rbs 56]]<br />
* [[Roland]]<br />
* [[Starstreak]]<br />
* [[Swingfire]]<br />
* VT1 (on the [[FlaRakRad]])</div><br />
<br />
Laser guided missiles (AGM-114 Hellfire, MIM146 ADATS, 9M133 Kornet, etc) will not be jammed by EIREL. In order to let the APS work, it must be tuned on with a key in the control section. The APS can be destroyed.<br />
[[File:EIREL APS while on the move.gif|thumb|EIREL APS while on the move. As seen in the gif, the ATGM can be deviated to the sky. This is a random flight path which cannot be controlled by the player. ]]<br />
EIREL can be used while on the move (although turret must be facing the enemy). While on the move (specially horizontally), the jammed ATGM will move in an uncontrolled direction like normal jamming but riskier, keep this in mind as it can hit a track, engine deck or close enough to create fragmentation and mark the AMX-30 and/or friendlies. When moving forward to an enemy who fired an ATGM, it will be affected by the APS but due to the BRENUS momentum, the ATGM can hit the BRENUS if the ATGM is redirected towards the ground. EIREL creates a thermal signature which can be seen with thermal sights. It also can also be used as an IR spotlight (as shown in picture). It should be noted that this can be a disadvantage when in night maps as tanks with NVD (except when tanks are using thermal view) will be able to see the light beam. The APS should be turned on and off at commander's discretion. When on day maps, this will not be an issue. EIREL must have a clear line-of-sight with the enemy launcher (at least enemy sights must be able to see the tank). Tanks firing behind cover like the Swingfire can also be affected by the APS. As long as the enemy is within the jamming arc, the BRENUS will be protected against SACLOS ATGMs. It should be noted that the AMX-30B2 BRENUS has no access to Laser Warning Receiver (LWR) or Missile Alert Warning (MAW), so the player must rely on visual contact with the ATGM and the launcher (no LWR makes the helicopter lock-on invisible). Thankfully, the thermal sights will be capable of detecting the fireball created by the ATGM's at certain distances.<br />
<br />
''*Note: the commander does not have control of the where the enemy ATGM is redirected to''<br />
<br />
'''Armour type:'''<br />
<br />
* Explosive reactive armour<br />
* Cast homogeneous armour<br />
* Rolled homogeneous armour (Rear roof, Engine grille)<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|-<br />
! Armour !! Front (Slope angle) !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof<br />
|-<br />
| Hull || 79* mm (57-68°), 50* mm (52-76°) ''Front glacis'' <br> 79 mm (0-57°), 30 mm (75°) ''Lower glacis'' || 35-57 mm (0-35) <br> 30 mm ''Bottom'' <br> 25 mm (70°) ''Belly'' || 30 mm (10°) ''Top'' <br> 30 mm ''Center'' <br> 25 mm (70°) ''Bottom'' || 15 mm <br> 8 mm ''Engine grille''<br />
|-<br />
| Turret || 30-150* mm (0-79°) ''Gun mantlet'' <br> 30* mm (61-75°) ''Turret front top'' || 41.5* mm (19-47°) || 30 mm (1-64°) <br> 20 mm (54-64°) ''Turret underside'' || 20 mm<br />
|-<br />
! Armour !! Sides !! Roof<br />
|-<br />
| Cupola || 60 mm || 20 mm<br />
|-<br />
! Special armour* !! Kinetic !! Chemical<br />
|-<br />
| ERA || 5 mm || 400 mm<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
=== Mobility ===<br />
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}<br />
<!-- ''Write about the mobility of the ground vehicle. Estimate the specific power and manoeuvrability, as well as the maximum speed forwards and backwards.'' --><br />
<br />
{{tankMobility|abMinHp=1,162|rbMinHp=663}}<br />
<br />
When fully upgraded, the engine offers a 750 hp output at 2400 rpm. Max speed is 65 km/h, and the tank can achieve 45-50 km/h on a map like Kursk (when driving downward, you can achieve 65 km/h). Reverse gear is 27 km/h, which is fast. The reverse gear is faster than Leopard 1's by 2 km/h. The tank feels somewhat lighter than Leopard 1 series of tanks, since it has lighter weight (note that Leopard 1 tanks have a 830 hp output engine).<br />
<br />
=== Modifications and economy ===<br />
{{Specs-Economy}}<br />
<br />
== Armaments ==<br />
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}<br />
=== Main armament ===<br />
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}<br />
<!-- ''Give the reader information about the characteristics of the main gun. Assess its effectiveness in a battle based on the reloading speed, ballistics and the power of shells. Do not forget about the flexibility of the fire, that is how quickly the cannon can be aimed at the target, open fire on it and aim at another enemy. Add a link to the main article on the gun: <code><nowiki>{{main|Name of the weapon}}</nowiki></code>. Describe in general terms the ammunition available for the main gun. Give advice on how to use them and how to fill the ammunition storage.'' --><br />
{{main|CN-105-F1 (105 mm)}}<br />
<br />
The AMX-30B2 BRENUS features the same gun the other AMX-30's have in game, the 105/56 mm Modèle F1, CN-105-F1 in short. It is a potent main gun capable of displaying an excellent performance at its br. The gun is capable of firing the OCC 105 F1 HEAT-FS ammunition which is also present in past AMX-30 versions. As the AMX-30B2, the BRENUS has access to the OFL 105 F1 APFSDS ammunition, capable of penetrating 361 mm at 10 m at 0°, a very powerful dart capable of piercing most of the tanks it will face in its br. With its high velocity of 1,525 m/s, the BRENUS is more than capable of engaging targets at far range despite the relatively low zoom main sights. With addition of the laser rangefinder, doing long range engagements turn to be relatively easy with almost pinpoint accuracy.<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="5" | [[CN-105-F1 (105 mm)|105 mm CN-105-F1]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)<br />
|-<br />
! Mode !! Capacity !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer<br />
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced<br />
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced<br />
|-<br />
! ''Arcade''<br />
| rowspan="2" | 47 || rowspan="2" | -8°/+20° || rowspan="2" | ±180° || rowspan="2" | N/A ||28.6||39.5||48.8||53.1||56.5|| rowspan="2" |8.71|| rowspan="2" |7.70|| rowspan="2" |7.10|| rowspan="2" |6.70<br />
|-<br />
! ''Realistic''<br />
|17.9||21.0||25.5||28.2||30.0<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==== Ammunition ====<br />
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"<br />
! colspan="8" | Penetration statistics<br />
|-<br />
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition<br />
! rowspan="2" | Type of<br>warhead<br />
! colspan="6" | '''Penetration @ 0° Angle of Attack (mm)'''<br />
|-<br />
! 10 m !! 100 m !! 500 m !! 1,000 m !! 1,500 m !! 2,000 m<br />
|-<br />
| OCC 105 F1 || HEAT || 400 || 400 || 400 || 400 || 400 || 400<br />
|-<br />
| OE 105 F1 Mle.60 || HE || 25 || 25 || 25 || 25 || 25 || 25<br />
|-<br />
| OFL 105 F1 || APFSDS || 361 || 358 || 350 || 341 || 332 || 322<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"<br />
! colspan="10" | Shell details<br />
|-<br />
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition<br />
! rowspan="2" | Type of<br>warhead<br />
! rowspan="2" | Velocity<br>(m/s)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Projectile<br>Mass (kg)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Fuse delay<br>(m)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Fuse sensitivity<br>(mm)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Explosive Mass<br>(TNT equivalent) (g)<br />
! colspan="3" | Ricochet<br />
|-<br />
! 0% !! 50% !! 100%<br />
|-<br />
| OCC 105 F1 || HEAT || 1,000 || 10.95 || 0.05 || 0.1 || 1,020 || 62° || 69° || 73°<br />
|-<br />
| OE 105 F1 Mle.60 || HE || 700 || 12.1 || 0 || 0.1 || 2,000 || 79° || 80° || 81°<br />
|-<br />
| OFL 105 F1 || APFSDS || 1,525 || 3.8 || N/A || N/A || N/A || 78° || 80° || 81°<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"<br />
! colspan="7" | Smoke shell characteristics<br />
|-<br />
! Ammunition<br />
! Velocity<br>(m/s)<br />
! Projectile<br>Mass (kg)<br />
! Screen radius<br>(m)<br />
! Screen deploy time<br>(s)<br />
! Screen hold time<br>(s)<br />
! Explosive Mass<br>(TNT equivalent) (g)<br />
|-<br />
| OFPH 105 F1 || 700 || 11.4 || 20 || 5 || 25 || 50<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==== [[Ammo racks]] ====<br />
[[File:Ammoracks_{{PAGENAME}}.png|right|thumb|x250px|[[Ammo racks]] of the {{PAGENAME}}]]<br />
<!--'''Last updated: 1.101.1.33'''--><br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"<br />
|-<br />
! Full<br>ammo<br />
! 1st<br>rack empty<br />
! 2nd<br>rack empty<br />
! 3rd<br>rack empty<br />
! 4th<br>rack empty<br />
! Visual<br>discrepancy<br />
|-<br />
| '''47''' || 20&nbsp;''(+27)'' || 19&nbsp;''(+28)'' || 9&nbsp;''(+38)'' || 1&nbsp;''(+46)'' || No<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
The ammo racks on the AMX-30B2 BRENUS consists of the same manner the other AMX-30 have their ammo racks: large ready racks in the turret's bustle, and one large ammo rack next to the driver. It should be noted that the ammo rack next to the driver can be affected by fires lit on the fuel tank surrounding it, which can lead to an ammo explosion. It is recommended to fill the driver's ammo rack as least as possible to raise the vehicle's survivability against frontal attacks, preferably carrying 20 rounds at most. Chemical energy attacks can be completely stopped by the fuel tank acting as spaced armour for HEAT and ATGM when the ERA is not enough to stop the whole penetration but will lit the vehicle on fire but still operational to retreat back to cover. It should be noted the fuel tank may not stop kinetic energy attacks like APDS or APFSDS causing an ammo explosion when rack is full, igniting the fuel tank, over-penetrating to the engine or all of the previously listed.<br />
<!--==== Optics and night vision ====<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"<br />
! colspan="7" | {{PAGENAME}} [[Optics]]<br />
|-<br />
! rowspan="3" |Type of optic<br />
! rowspan="3" |Magnification<br />
! colspan="5" |[[Night Vision Devices]]<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="3" |Image Intensifier<br />
! rowspan="2" |{{Annotation|Thermal Imager<br>Resolution|The higher the resolution the clearer and more detailed the image is}}<br />
! rowspan="2" |Notes<br />
|-<br />
! {{Annotation|Resolution|The higher the resolution the clearer and more detailed the image is}}<br />
! {{Annotation|Light Mult|By how much the image intensifier amplifies the existing light, primarily useful for comparing image intensifiers}}<br />
! {{Annotation|Noise Level|How much noise is present in the image (how grainy the image is)}}<br />
|-<br />
! Gunner's Sight<br />
| X8.8 - X10 || - || - || - || 500 x 300 || Thermal imager unlocked by "NVD" modification (tier 4)<br />
|-<br />
! Commander's View<br />
| X6 || 1600 x 1200 || 9.0 || High || Not Fitted || Image intensifier unlocked by "NVD" modification (tier 4)<br />
|-<br />
! Driver's View<br />
| X1 || 800 x 600 || 5.0 || High || Not Fitted || Image intensifier unlocked by "NVD" modification (tier 4)<br />
|-<br />
|}--><br />
<br />
=== Machine guns ===<br />
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|2}}<br />
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|3}}<br />
<!-- ''Offensive and anti-aircraft machine guns not only allow you to fight some aircraft but also are effective against lightly armoured vehicles. Evaluate machine guns and give recommendations on its use.'' --><br />
{{main|20F2 (20 mm)|A-A-F1N (7.62 mm)}}<br />
<br />
The 20 mm 20F2 coaxial autocannon is not just an anti-aircraft gun: with 57 mm penetration at flat angle, it will shred anything from armoured cars and SPAA to lightly armoured medium tanks' sides. In case a vehicle cannot be penetrated, use the autocannon to disable them before using your 105 mm cannon: target the gun barrel or the tracks. The 20 mm can also deal with low-flying aircraft with the extra 20 degrees of elevation. The only drawback is that the autocannon is coaxial, meaning the turret must rotate to track the targets.<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="5" | [[20F2 (20 mm)|20 mm 20F2]]<br />
|-<br />
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal<br />
|-<br />
| Coaxial || 1,000 (500) || 740 || 0°/+20° || N/A<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
The small calibre of the A-A-F1N machine gun makes it largely ineffective against all armoured vehicles but the ones with an open compartment. It still can be used to ping targets as a rangefinding help or to mow down minor obstacles blocking your line of sight.<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="5" | [[A-A-F1N (7.62 mm)|7.62 mm A-A-F1N]]<br />
|-<br />
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal<br />
|-<br />
| Pintle || 2,050 (100) || 900 || -10°/+55° || ±120°<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
== Usage in battles ==<br />
<!-- ''Describe the tactics of playing in the vehicle, the features of using vehicles in the team and advice on tactics. Refrain from creating a "guide" - do not impose a single point of view but instead give the reader food for thought. Describe the most dangerous enemies and give recommendations on fighting them. If necessary, note the specifics of the game in different modes (AB, RB, SB).'' --><br />
The AMX-30B2 BRENUS cannot withstand a frontal encounter most of the time with most opponents due to the lack of a reliable armour and a stabilizer, making the tank an easy prey for almost anyone on the battlefield when in urban combat. However, the tank comes with a great mobility, able to reach 65 km/h in RB (72 in AB) even in reverse, making it the ideal tank to shoot the enemy and rapidly retreat to change position. The optics are better than the ones found on the other AMX-30s, but still not sufficient to properly see targets at long ranges, unlike tanks like the Leopard I with its 16x. However, it's not something to worry about: the thermal sight will allow the player to easily spot targets from far away. Its gun is capable of punching through most of enemy tanks, but caution is a must when uptiered: tanks like the T-72 cannot be damaged in the turret even by the AMX-30B2's APFSDS, leaving only the hull as a potential target.<br />
<br />
The tank is not very suitable for urban combat, since most enemies will have a stabilizer and thus will be capable of landing the first shot, often knocking out the gunner, disabling the engine, the gun, or just setting the tank on fire. The best thing to do, in these cases, is to avoid the center of the map, flanking the enemy to hit him from the side and staying hidden from sight so enemies don't focus their firepower on the AMX-30B2.<br />
<br />
In larger and flat maps the tank gives its best, thanks to the high mobility and the capability to shoot the enemy from far away and, as stated as before, the only threat for the AMX-30 is dart ammunition of really high penetrating CE ammunition as most of the time the ERA will do its job preventing CE penetrators to disable completely your tank, although the commander cupola can be an issue since it ruin the silhouette of the tank, making it clearly visible and perfect for trapshots, sometimes even when behind cover.<br />
<br />
=== Pros and cons ===<br />
<!-- ''Summarise and briefly evaluate the vehicle in terms of its characteristics and combat effectiveness. Mark its pros and cons in a bulleted list. Try not to use more than 6 points for each of the characteristics. Avoid using categorical definitions such as "bad", "good" and the like - use substitutions with softer forms such as "inadequate" and "effective".'' --><br />
<br />
'''Pros:'''<br />
<br />
* Reactive armour, good chemical protection<br />
* IRCM can save the tank from ATGMs<br />
* Numerous smoke grenades (28 in total) <br />
* Good mobility<br />
* Low profile<br />
* Powerful APFSDS shell<br />
* Laser rangefinder, high-velocity APFSDS rounds and thermal vision make for an effective sniper<br />
* The coaxial 20 mm cannon makes short work of thinly armoured vehicles and helicopters. Also works great against tracks and cannon barrels<br />
<br />
'''Cons:'''<br />
<br />
* Same ammunition as B2 version, random HEAT rounds effects and low APFSDS penetration<br />
* No composite armour, low survivability against kinetic rounds<br />
* Weak spots between reactive armour plates<br />
* Lacking a gun stabilizer greatly hampers its performance<br />
* Ammo racks in turret translates into a high risk of explosion if hit<br />
<br />
== History ==<br />
<!-- ''Describe the history of the creation and combat usage of the vehicle in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the vehicle and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Vehicle-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>. This section may also include the vehicle's dev blog entry (if applicable) and the in-game encyclopedia description (under <code><nowiki>=== In-game description ===</nowiki></code>, also if applicable).'' --><br />
<br />
During the mid to late 1990s, AMX-30B2 tanks of the 1er/ 2e Chasseurs tank regiments, which formed France's rapid reaction force in peacetime, underwent upgrading under the Brenus modernization program, whilst two further regiments received modifications to quickly upgrade their AMX-30s with the Brenus package if needed (2e/5e Dragons). The Brenus upgrade package (acronym for briques réactives de surblindage) most notably allowed for the installation of 112 ERA blocks developed by the GIAT company across the front portion of the hull and turret. To compensate for the additional weight of the ERA packages, an improved 8-cylinder 750 horsepower MACK E9 diesel engine was fitted. The Brenus modernization upgrade was among the last to be fitted to the original AMX-30 tank.<br />
<br />
''- From [[wt:en/news/5349-development-amx-30b2-brenus-modern-ironclad-en|Devblog]]''<br />
<br />
== Media ==<br />
<!-- ''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.'' --><br />
<br />
;Skins<br />
<br />
* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicleCountry=france&vehicleType=tank&vehicleClass=medium_tank&vehicle=fr_amx_30_b2_brenus Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]<br />
<br />
;Videos<br />
{{Youtube-gallery|wJkQW4kSJjM|'''French MBTs''' discusses the {{PAGENAME}} at 3:04 - ''War Thunder Official Channel''}}<br />
<br />
== See also ==<br />
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''<br />
<br />
* ''reference to the series of the vehicles;''<br />
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''<br />
<br />
== External links ==<br />
<!-- ''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''<br />
* ''topic on the official game forum;''<br />
* ''other literature.'' --><br />
<br />
* [[wt:en/news/5349-development-amx-30b2-brenus-modern-ironclad-en|[Devblog] AMX-30B2 Brenus: Modern Ironclad]]<br />
<br />
{{France medium tanks}}</div>U29417738https://wiki.warthunder.com/index.php?title=AMX-30B2_BRENUS&diff=96004AMX-30B2 BRENUS2021-03-03T15:20:36Z<p>U29417738: /* Pros and cons */</p>
<hr />
<div>{{About<br />
|about= French medium tank '''{{PAGENAME}}'''<br />
|usage= other uses<br />
|link= AMX-30 (Family)<br />
}}<br />
{{Specs-Card<br />
|code=fr_amx_30_b2_brenus<br />
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
== Description ==<br />
<!-- ''In the description, the first part should be about the history of the creation and combat usage of the vehicle, as well as its key features. In the second part, tell the reader about the ground vehicle in the game. Insert a screenshot of the vehicle, so that if the novice player does not remember the vehicle by name, he will immediately understand what kind of vehicle the article is talking about.'' --><br />
The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} French medium tank {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.77 "Advancing Storm"]]. The AMX-30B2 BRENUS, or Brennus in some sources, was a modernized French MBT which saw combat in the Gulf War.<br />
<br />
== General info ==<br />
=== Survivability and armour ===<br />
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}<br />
<!-- ''Describe armour protection. Note the most well protected and key weak areas. Appreciate the layout of modules as well as the number and location of crew members. Is the level of armour protection sufficient, is the placement of modules helpful for survival in combat? If necessary use a visual template to indicate the most secure and weak zones of the armour.'' --><br />
<br />
The AMX-30B2 has a complex array of armour plates in addition of the ERA.<br />
<br />
The frontal glacis is in two parts, the upper area that is 50 mm RHA sloped at 76 degrees and the lower one being 79 mm CHA sloped at roughly 70 degrees. The lower part of the front glacis is, in theory, able to withstand the [[T-54 (1951)|T-54]] APCBC shell better than the Leopard does. However, shots contacting the upper part will often resulting the shot bouncing upward and penetrating the turret front, which is very weak (even the [[M18 GMC]] can penetrate it with ease). The lower glacis plate is not as strong since it is not sloped as much as the front plate, but penetrating this plate will often not result in a colossal damage. However, the curve joint between the upper and the lower glacis plate is very weak and often a penetration through this area will end with a one-shot.<br />
<br />
Also, it is noted that there is a fuel container in the front of the tank protecting the ammo rack, which sometimes penetrating rounds will just set afire just like the T-54 does. The difference is that AMX-30 tank's first stage ammo rack is the turret rack, so after experiencing prolonged combat, the hull ammo rack will be emptied and left defused. The hull sides and rears are very weak, they are all 30 mm plates. Even anti-aircraft vehicles doing side shots will penetrate this tank fast (for example, the [[R3 T20 FA-HS]] at BR 4.0 for Italy).<br />
[[File:AMX-30B2-BRENUS-ERA.png|left|thumb|344x344px|AMX-30B2 BRENUS max effective armour]]<br />
The turret armour is not sufficient at this rank, nor at any rank from even rank IV upwards. The gun shield itself mostly offers a 60-100 mm protection. However, some sabot shots will get absorbed by the breech, which actually offers better protection in the [[AMX-30B2]] than the [[Leopard 1 (Family)|Leopard 1]] does. Shooting the turret ring will damage the turret drives, and can sometimes trigger a crew knock out. The turret sides are very weak, often gives you a protection around 60 mm. The rear is worse, plus the turret ammo rack is placed at the end of the turret rear, shooting this area will destroy the tank one shot.<br />
<br />
The ERA offers a really good protection for chemical energy penetrators such as HEAT-FS, ATGMs and anti-tank grenades, having a protection of 400 mm from just the block itself. This makes the tank capable of withstanding hits of almost all HEAT-FS of the BR (most of them penetrate between 320 mm to 480 mm) and even some ATGMs (between 400 mm to 650 mm). It should be noted that ERA itself cannot stop all the spalling created by the premature explosion, some ATGM's like the 9M117 (ATGM of the [[T-55AM-1]] and [[T-62M-1]]) will be partially stopped by the ERA reducing its spalling significantly but can still be able to damage modules and crew members (most of the time they will be left orange or red although they can sometimes knock them out). It is also able to reduce the penetration or stop ATGM like the [[9M113 Konkurs]] (ATGM of the [[BMP-2]]) and 9M112 (ATGM of the [[T-64B]]) although do not expect it to happen all the time, it depends on your angling and where the missile impacts. Chassis should be angled most of the time to potentialize the ERA effectiveness with the 79 mm thick steel plate, capable of making the armour reach 1,432 mm of effective armour against CE penetrators (refer to picture) making it capable of even stopping completely [[9M133]] Kornet ATGM (ATGM of the [[BMP-2M]]) which has 1,300 mm of penetration.<br />
<br />
'''EIREL Active Protection System'''<br />
[[File:EIREL APS in action.gif|thumb|AMX-30B2 BRENUS using EIREL against an M901 I-TOW ATGM at 320m (GIF media). As it is seen, the BRENUS turret doesn't have to be aiming directly on the enemy.]]<br />
The AMX-30B2 BRENUS has access to an infra-red jammer, the EIREL APS. It is a constant active APS which provides protection against a wide variety of threats. The scanner-type jamming device (honeycomb shaped equipment next to smoke launchers) is mounted on the roof of the tank to cover the vulnerable frontal arc. It called "Infrared Countermeasure" for the following reason: SACLOS guidance utilizes a beam-riding guidance which is connected to the GPS (gunner main sight in some cases, on others it is a different sight like on [[T-55AM-1]] and [[T-62M-1]]) which uses a flare as reference point for the guidance system in the ATGM. The missile moves with the gunner's sight and the flare tries to stay on the crosshairs. IRCM confuses the GPS with a brighter IR light decoy acting as the flare (the flare is also IR) which signals the ATGM to move to a different position nowhere near from the gunner's target.<br />
[[File:EIREL IR light.png|left|thumb|AMX-30B2 BRENUS with EIREL turned on at night with light intensifier NVD]]<br />
The EIREL APS has a minimum jamming range of roughly 50 m, meaning it will only deviate ATGMs past 50 m although it depends on the ATGM speed and ATGM angle of attack. This is the approximate distance between all ATGM in-game but it may vary. It will be able to jam a missile launched by a [[Swingfire]] faster due to its launch speed and flight path than an [[M3 Bradley]]. It has a protection arc of ~60° horizontal (between 20°-30° horizontally, refer to gif) and 120° vertical (able to counter helicopter-launched ATGMs). The turret must be facing the threat in order to let the APS work properly.<br />
{{clear}}<br />
EIREL will jam SACLOS missiles including wire-guidance:<div style="column-count:3;-moz-column-count:3;-webkit-column-count:3"><br />
* [[3M7]]<br />
* 9M112 (launched from [[2A46M-1 (125 mm)|2A46M-1]])<br />
* [[9M113 Konkurs]]<br />
* [[9M114 Shturm]]<br />
* 9M117 (launched from [[2A70 (100 mm)|2A70]], [[D-10T2S (100 mm)|D-10T2S]], and [[U-5TS (115 mm)|U-5TS]])<br />
* 9M119 (launched from [[2A46M-1 (125 mm)|2A46M-1]])<br />
* [[9M120 Ataka]]<br />
* [[9M123]]<br />
* [[9M311]]<br />
* ACRA (on the [[AMX-30 ACRA]])<br />
* [[BGM-71A TOW]]<br />
* [[BGM-71B TOW]]<br />
* [[BGM-71C I-TOW]]<br />
* [[HOT-1]]<br />
* [[HOT-2 TOW]]<br />
* [[Kh-23M]]<br />
* Kh-66<br />
* MGM-51B (launched from [[M81 (152 mm)|M81]] and [[M162 (152 mm)|M162]])<br />
* MGM-51C (launched from [[XM150E5 (152 mm)|XM150E5]])<br />
* [[MILAN]]<br />
* [[Rbs 55]]<br />
* [[Rbs 56]]<br />
* [[Roland]]<br />
* [[Starstreak]]<br />
* [[Swingfire]]<br />
* VT1 (on the [[FlaRakRad]])</div><br />
<br />
Laser guided missiles (AGM-114 Hellfire, MIM146 ADATS, 9M133 Kornet, etc) will not be jammed by EIREL. In order to let the APS work, it must be tuned on with a key in the control section. The APS can be destroyed.<br />
[[File:EIREL APS while on the move.gif|thumb|EIREL APS while on the move. As seen in the gif, the ATGM can be deviated to the sky. This is a random flight path which cannot be controlled by the player. ]]<br />
EIREL can be used while on the move (although turret must be facing the enemy). While on the move (specially horizontally), the jammed ATGM will move in an uncontrolled direction like normal jamming but riskier, keep this in mind as it can hit a track, engine deck or close enough to create fragmentation and mark the AMX-30 and/or friendlies. When moving forward to an enemy who fired an ATGM, it will be affected by the APS but due to the BRENUS momentum, the ATGM can hit the BRENUS if the ATGM is redirected towards the ground. EIREL creates a thermal signature which can be seen with thermal sights. It also can also be used as an IR spotlight (as shown in picture). It should be noted that this can be a disadvantage when in night maps as tanks with NVD (except when tanks are using thermal view) will be able to see the light beam. The APS should be turned on and off at commander's discretion. When on day maps, this will not be an issue. EIREL must have a clear line-of-sight with the enemy launcher (at least enemy sights must be able to see the tank). Tanks firing behind cover like the Swingfire can also be affected by the APS. As long as the enemy is within the jamming arc, the BRENUS will be protected against SACLOS ATGMs. It should be noted that the AMX-30B2 BRENUS has no access to Laser Warning Receiver (LWR) or Missile Alert Warning (MAW), so the player must rely on visual contact with the ATGM and the launcher (no LWR makes the helicopter lock-on invisible). Thankfully, the thermal sights will be capable of detecting the fireball created by the ATGM's at certain distances.<br />
<br />
''*Note: the commander does not have control of the where the enemy ATGM is redirected to''<br />
<br />
'''Armour type:'''<br />
<br />
* Explosive reactive armour<br />
* Cast homogeneous armour<br />
* Rolled homogeneous armour (Rear roof, Engine grille)<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|-<br />
! Armour !! Front (Slope angle) !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof<br />
|-<br />
| Hull || 79* mm (57-68°), 50* mm (52-76°) ''Front glacis'' <br> 79 mm (0-57°), 30 mm (75°) ''Lower glacis'' || 35-57 mm (0-35) <br> 30 mm ''Bottom'' <br> 25 mm (70°) ''Belly'' || 30 mm (10°) ''Top'' <br> 30 mm ''Center'' <br> 25 mm (70°) ''Bottom'' || 15 mm <br> 8 mm ''Engine grille''<br />
|-<br />
| Turret || 30-150* mm (0-79°) ''Gun mantlet'' <br> 30* mm (61-75°) ''Turret front top'' || 41.5* mm (19-47°) || 30 mm (1-64°) <br> 20 mm (54-64°) ''Turret underside'' || 20 mm<br />
|-<br />
! Armour !! Sides !! Roof<br />
|-<br />
| Cupola || 60 mm || 20 mm<br />
|-<br />
! Special armour* !! Kinetic !! Chemical<br />
|-<br />
| ERA || 5 mm || 400 mm<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
=== Mobility ===<br />
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}<br />
<!-- ''Write about the mobility of the ground vehicle. Estimate the specific power and manoeuvrability, as well as the maximum speed forwards and backwards.'' --><br />
<br />
{{tankMobility|abMinHp=1,162|rbMinHp=663}}<br />
<br />
When fully upgraded, the engine offers a 750 hp output at 2400 rpm. Max speed is 65 km/h, and the tank can achieve 45-50 km/h on a map like Kursk (when driving downward, you can achieve 65 km/h). Reverse gear is 27 km/h, which is fast. The reverse gear is faster than Leopard 1's by 2 km/h. The tank feels somewhat lighter than Leopard 1 series of tanks, since it has lighter weight (note that Leopard 1 tanks have a 830 hp output engine).<br />
<br />
=== Modifications and economy ===<br />
{{Specs-Economy}}<br />
<br />
== Armaments ==<br />
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}<br />
=== Main armament ===<br />
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}<br />
<!-- ''Give the reader information about the characteristics of the main gun. Assess its effectiveness in a battle based on the reloading speed, ballistics and the power of shells. Do not forget about the flexibility of the fire, that is how quickly the cannon can be aimed at the target, open fire on it and aim at another enemy. Add a link to the main article on the gun: <code><nowiki>{{main|Name of the weapon}}</nowiki></code>. Describe in general terms the ammunition available for the main gun. Give advice on how to use them and how to fill the ammunition storage.'' --><br />
{{main|CN-105-F1 (105 mm)}}<br />
<br />
The AMX-30B2 BRENUS features the same gun the other AMX-30's have in game, the 105/56 mm Modèle F1, CN-105-F1 in short. It is a potent main gun capable of displaying an excellent performance at its br. The gun is capable of firing the OCC 105 F1 HEAT-FS ammunition which is also present in past AMX-30 versions. As the AMX-30B2, the BRENUS has access to the OFL 105 F1 APFSDS ammunition, capable of penetrating 361 mm at 10 m at 0°, a very powerful dart capable of piercing most of the tanks it will face in its br. With its high velocity of 1,525 m/s, the BRENUS is more than capable of engaging targets at far range despite the relatively low zoom main sights. With addition of the laser rangefinder, doing long range engagements turn to be relatively easy with almost pinpoint accuracy.<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="5" | [[CN-105-F1 (105 mm)|105 mm CN-105-F1]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)<br />
|-<br />
! Mode !! Capacity !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer<br />
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced<br />
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced<br />
|-<br />
! ''Arcade''<br />
| rowspan="2" | 47 || rowspan="2" | -8°/+20° || rowspan="2" | ±180° || rowspan="2" | N/A ||28.6||39.5||48.8||53.1||56.5|| rowspan="2" |8.71|| rowspan="2" |7.70|| rowspan="2" |7.10|| rowspan="2" |6.70<br />
|-<br />
! ''Realistic''<br />
|17.9||21.0||25.5||28.2||30.0<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==== Ammunition ====<br />
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"<br />
! colspan="8" | Penetration statistics<br />
|-<br />
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition<br />
! rowspan="2" | Type of<br>warhead<br />
! colspan="6" | '''Penetration @ 0° Angle of Attack (mm)'''<br />
|-<br />
! 10 m !! 100 m !! 500 m !! 1,000 m !! 1,500 m !! 2,000 m<br />
|-<br />
| OCC 105 F1 || HEAT || 400 || 400 || 400 || 400 || 400 || 400<br />
|-<br />
| OE 105 F1 Mle.60 || HE || 25 || 25 || 25 || 25 || 25 || 25<br />
|-<br />
| OFL 105 F1 || APFSDS || 361 || 358 || 350 || 341 || 332 || 322<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"<br />
! colspan="10" | Shell details<br />
|-<br />
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition<br />
! rowspan="2" | Type of<br>warhead<br />
! rowspan="2" | Velocity<br>(m/s)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Projectile<br>Mass (kg)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Fuse delay<br>(m)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Fuse sensitivity<br>(mm)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Explosive Mass<br>(TNT equivalent) (g)<br />
! colspan="3" | Ricochet<br />
|-<br />
! 0% !! 50% !! 100%<br />
|-<br />
| OCC 105 F1 || HEAT || 1,000 || 10.95 || 0.05 || 0.1 || 1,020 || 62° || 69° || 73°<br />
|-<br />
| OE 105 F1 Mle.60 || HE || 700 || 12.1 || 0 || 0.1 || 2,000 || 79° || 80° || 81°<br />
|-<br />
| OFL 105 F1 || APFSDS || 1,525 || 3.8 || N/A || N/A || N/A || 78° || 80° || 81°<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"<br />
! colspan="7" | Smoke shell characteristics<br />
|-<br />
! Ammunition<br />
! Velocity<br>(m/s)<br />
! Projectile<br>Mass (kg)<br />
! Screen radius<br>(m)<br />
! Screen deploy time<br>(s)<br />
! Screen hold time<br>(s)<br />
! Explosive Mass<br>(TNT equivalent) (g)<br />
|-<br />
| OFPH 105 F1 || 700 || 11.4 || 20 || 5 || 25 || 50<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==== [[Ammo racks]] ====<br />
[[File:Ammoracks_{{PAGENAME}}.png|right|thumb|x250px|[[Ammo racks]] of the {{PAGENAME}}]]<br />
<!--'''Last updated: 1.101.1.33'''--><br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"<br />
|-<br />
! Full<br>ammo<br />
! 1st<br>rack empty<br />
! 2nd<br>rack empty<br />
! 3rd<br>rack empty<br />
! 4th<br>rack empty<br />
! Visual<br>discrepancy<br />
|-<br />
| '''47''' || 20&nbsp;''(+27)'' || 19&nbsp;''(+28)'' || 9&nbsp;''(+38)'' || 1&nbsp;''(+46)'' || No<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
The ammo racks on the AMX-30B2 BRENUS consists of the same manner the other AMX-30 have their ammo racks: large ready racks in the turret's bustle, and one large ammo rack next to the driver. It should be noted that the ammo rack next to the driver can be affected by fires lit on the fuel tank surrounding it, which can lead to an ammo explosion. It is recommended to fill the driver's ammo rack as least as possible to raise the vehicle's survivability against frontal attacks, preferably carrying 20 rounds at most. Chemical energy attacks can be completely stopped by the fuel tank acting as spaced armour for HEAT and ATGM when the ERA is not enough to stop the whole penetration but will lit the vehicle on fire but still operational to retreat back to cover. It should be noted the fuel tank may not stop kinetic energy attacks like APDS or APFSDS causing an ammo explosion when rack is full, igniting the fuel tank, over-penetrating to the engine or all of the previously listed.<br />
<!--==== Optics and night vision ====<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"<br />
! colspan="7" | {{PAGENAME}} [[Optics]]<br />
|-<br />
! rowspan="3" |Type of optic<br />
! rowspan="3" |Magnification<br />
! colspan="5" |[[Night Vision Devices]]<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="3" |Image Intensifier<br />
! rowspan="2" |{{Annotation|Thermal Imager<br>Resolution|The higher the resolution the clearer and more detailed the image is}}<br />
! rowspan="2" |Notes<br />
|-<br />
! {{Annotation|Resolution|The higher the resolution the clearer and more detailed the image is}}<br />
! {{Annotation|Light Mult|By how much the image intensifier amplifies the existing light, primarily useful for comparing image intensifiers}}<br />
! {{Annotation|Noise Level|How much noise is present in the image (how grainy the image is)}}<br />
|-<br />
! Gunner's Sight<br />
| X8.8 - X10 || - || - || - || 500 x 300 || Thermal imager unlocked by "NVD" modification (tier 4)<br />
|-<br />
! Commander's View<br />
| X6 || 1600 x 1200 || 9.0 || High || Not Fitted || Image intensifier unlocked by "NVD" modification (tier 4)<br />
|-<br />
! Driver's View<br />
| X1 || 800 x 600 || 5.0 || High || Not Fitted || Image intensifier unlocked by "NVD" modification (tier 4)<br />
|-<br />
|}--><br />
<br />
=== Machine guns ===<br />
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|2}}<br />
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|3}}<br />
<!-- ''Offensive and anti-aircraft machine guns not only allow you to fight some aircraft but also are effective against lightly armoured vehicles. Evaluate machine guns and give recommendations on its use.'' --><br />
{{main|20F2 (20 mm)|A-A-F1N (7.62 mm)}}<br />
<br />
The 20 mm 20F2 coaxial autocannon is not just an anti-aircraft gun: with 57 mm penetration at flat angle, it will shred anything from armoured cars and SPAA to lightly armoured medium tanks' sides. In case a vehicle cannot be penetrated, use the autocannon to disable them before using your 105 mm cannon: target the gun barrel or the tracks. The 20 mm can also deal with low-flying aircraft with the extra 20 degrees of elevation. The only drawback is that the autocannon is coaxial, meaning the turret must rotate to track the targets.<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="5" | [[20F2 (20 mm)|20 mm 20F2]]<br />
|-<br />
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal<br />
|-<br />
| Coaxial || 1,000 (500) || 740 || 0°/+20° || N/A<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
The small calibre of the A-A-F1N machine gun makes it largely ineffective against all armoured vehicles but the ones with an open compartment. It still can be used to ping targets as a rangefinding help or to mow down minor obstacles blocking your line of sight.<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="5" | [[A-A-F1N (7.62 mm)|7.62 mm A-A-F1N]]<br />
|-<br />
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal<br />
|-<br />
| Pintle || 2,050 (100) || 900 || -10°/+55° || ±120°<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
== Usage in battles ==<br />
<!-- ''Describe the tactics of playing in the vehicle, the features of using vehicles in the team and advice on tactics. Refrain from creating a "guide" - do not impose a single point of view but instead give the reader food for thought. Describe the most dangerous enemies and give recommendations on fighting them. If necessary, note the specifics of the game in different modes (AB, RB, SB).'' --><br />
The AMX-30B2 BRENUS cannot withstand a frontal encounter most of the time with most opponents due to the lack of a reliable armour and a stabilizer, making the tank an easy prey for almost anyone on the battlefield when in urban combat. However, the tank comes with a great mobility, able to reach 65 km/h in RB (72 in AB) even in reverse, making it the ideal tank to shoot the enemy and rapidly retreat to change position. The optics are better than the ones found on the other AMX-30s, but still not sufficient to properly see targets at long ranges, unlike tanks like the Leopard I with its 16x. However, it's not something to worry about: the thermal sight will allow the player to easily spot targets from far away. Its gun is capable of punching through most of enemy tanks, but caution is a must when uptiered: tanks like the T-72 cannot be damaged in the turret even by the AMX-30B2's APFSDS, leaving only the hull as a potential target.<br />
<br />
The tank is not very suitable for urban combat, since most enemies will have a stabilizer and thus will be capable of landing the first shot, often knocking out the gunner, disabling the engine, the gun, or just setting the tank on fire. The best thing to do, in these cases, is to avoid the center of the map, flanking the enemy to hit him from the side and staying hidden from sight so enemies don't focus their firepower on the AMX-30B2.<br />
<br />
In larger and flat maps the tank gives its best, thanks to the high mobility and the capability to shoot the enemy from far away and, as stated as before, the only threat for the AMX-30 is dart ammunition of really high penetrating CE ammunition as most of the time the ERA will do its job preventing CE penetrators to disable completely your tank, although the commander cupola can be an issue since it ruin the silhouette of the tank, making it clearly visible and perfect for trapshots, sometimes even when behind cover.<br />
<br />
=== Pros and cons ===<br />
<!-- ''Summarise and briefly evaluate the vehicle in terms of its characteristics and combat effectiveness. Mark its pros and cons in a bulleted list. Try not to use more than 6 points for each of the characteristics. Avoid using categorical definitions such as "bad", "good" and the like - use substitutions with softer forms such as "inadequate" and "effective".'' --><br />
<br />
'''Pros:'''<br />
<br />
* Reactive armour, good chemical protection<br />
* Good mobility<br />
* Good forward and reverse speed<br />
* Low profile<br />
* Effective in an ambush role<br />
* Thermals can be unlocked<br />
* Laser rangefinder, high-velocity APFSDS rounds and thermal vision make for an effective sniper<br />
* The coaxial 20 mm cannon makes short work of thinly armoured vehicles and helicopters. Also works great against tracks and cannon barrels<br />
* IRCM can save the tank from ATGMs<br />
* Powerful APFSDS shell available<br />
* Lots and lots of smoke grenades <br />
<br />
'''Cons:'''<br />
<br />
* Same ammunition as B2 version, random HEAT rounds effects and low APFSDS penetration<br />
* No composite armour, low survivability against kinetic rounds<br />
* Some weak spots between reactive armour plates<br />
* Not having a gun stabilizer greatly hampers its performance<br />
* Ammo racks in turret, high risk of explosion<br />
<br />
== History ==<br />
<!-- ''Describe the history of the creation and combat usage of the vehicle in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the vehicle and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Vehicle-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>. This section may also include the vehicle's dev blog entry (if applicable) and the in-game encyclopedia description (under <code><nowiki>=== In-game description ===</nowiki></code>, also if applicable).'' --><br />
<br />
During the mid to late 1990s, AMX-30B2 tanks of the 1er/ 2e Chasseurs tank regiments, which formed France's rapid reaction force in peacetime, underwent upgrading under the Brenus modernization program, whilst two further regiments received modifications to quickly upgrade their AMX-30s with the Brenus package if needed (2e/5e Dragons). The Brenus upgrade package (acronym for briques réactives de surblindage) most notably allowed for the installation of 112 ERA blocks developed by the GIAT company across the front portion of the hull and turret. To compensate for the additional weight of the ERA packages, an improved 8-cylinder 750 horsepower MACK E9 diesel engine was fitted. The Brenus modernization upgrade was among the last to be fitted to the original AMX-30 tank.<br />
<br />
''- From [[wt:en/news/5349-development-amx-30b2-brenus-modern-ironclad-en|Devblog]]''<br />
<br />
== Media ==<br />
<!-- ''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.'' --><br />
<br />
;Skins<br />
<br />
* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicleCountry=france&vehicleType=tank&vehicleClass=medium_tank&vehicle=fr_amx_30_b2_brenus Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]<br />
<br />
;Videos<br />
{{Youtube-gallery|wJkQW4kSJjM|'''French MBTs''' discusses the {{PAGENAME}} at 3:04 - ''War Thunder Official Channel''}}<br />
<br />
== See also ==<br />
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''<br />
<br />
* ''reference to the series of the vehicles;''<br />
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''<br />
<br />
== External links ==<br />
<!-- ''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''<br />
* ''topic on the official game forum;''<br />
* ''encyclopedia page on the tank;''<br />
* ''other literature.'' --><br />
<br />
* [[wt:en/news/5349-development-amx-30b2-brenus-modern-ironclad-en|[Devblog] AMX-30B2 Brenus: Modern Ironclad]]<br />
<br />
{{France medium tanks}}</div>U29417738https://wiki.warthunder.com/index.php?title=AMX-30&diff=96003AMX-302021-03-03T15:17:50Z<p>U29417738: /* Pros and cons */</p>
<hr />
<div>{{About<br />
|about= premium '''{{PAGENAME}}'''<br />
|usage= other uses<br />
|link= AMX-30 (Family)<br />
}}<br />
{{Specs-Card<br />
|code=fr_amx_30<br />
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
== Description ==<br />
<!-- ''In the description, the first part should be about the history of the creation and combat usage of the vehicle, as well as its key features. In the second part, tell the reader about the ground vehicle in the game. Insert a screenshot of the vehicle, so that if the novice player does not remember the vehicle by name, he will immediately understand what kind of vehicle the article is talking about.'' --><br />
The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a premium rank {{Specs|rank}} French medium tank {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.77 "Advancing Storm"]] as a bundle vehicle, but was discontinued from the store after the [[wt:en/news/6464-shop-war-thunder-birthday-sale-en|7th Anniversary sale]]. It was later re-released as a premium purchasable for Golden Eagles {{ge}} after the [[wt:en/news/6907-special-8th-anniversary-of-war-thunder-en|8th Anniversary sale]].<br />
<br />
== General info ==<br />
=== Survivability and armour ===<br />
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}<br />
<!-- ''Describe armour protection. Note the most well protected and key weak areas. Appreciate the layout of modules as well as the number and location of crew members. Is the level of armour protection sufficient, is the placement of modules helpful for survival in combat? If necessary use a visual template to indicate the most secure and weak zones of the armour.'' --><br />
The armour only reaches 190 mm at some angled parts of the front, the turret goes 100mm at best, some rank I vehicles like the Panzer IV E could take you on frontally and easily win.<br />
<br />
Be wary, also, of your ridiculously tall cupola, you can be destroyed even if you are behind cover just because of it.<br />
<br />
'''Armour type:'''<br />
<br />
* Cast homogeneous armour (front glacis, turret, cupola)<br />
* Rolled homogeneous armour (hull sides, rear & roof)<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|-<br />
! Armour !! Front (Slope angle) !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof<br />
|-<br />
| Hull || 50 mm (76-79°) ''Upper glacis - Top'' <br> 79 mm (68°) ''Upper glacis - Bottom'' <br> 79 mm (45°) ''Lower glacis - Top'' <br> 30 mm (75°) ''Lower glacis - Bottom'' <br> 57 mm (35°) ''Hull over the tracks'' || 35 mm ''Top - Front'' <br> 57 mm (35°) ''Top - Hull widening'' <br> 35 mm (35°) ''Top - Centre'' <br> 35 mm ''Top - Rear'' <br> 30 mm ''Bottom'' <br> 25 mm (70°) ''Belly'' || 30 mm (10°) ''Upper plate'' <br> 30 mm ''Hull over the tracks'' <br> 30 mm ''Lower plate'' <br> 25 mm (70°) ''Belly'' || 79 mm (22°) ''Front glacis - Front'' <br> 50 mm (11-14°) ''Front glacis - Rear'' <br> 15 mm ''Rear'' <br> 8 mm ''Radiator vents''<br />
|-<br />
| Turret || 50-150 mm (spherical) ''Gun mantlet'' <br> 30 mm (61-75°) ''Turret front'' || 41.5 mm (19-47°) <br> 41.5 mm (8°) ''Cupola well'' || 30 mm (spherical) <br> 20 mm (54-64°) ''Turret underside'' || 30 mm (13°) ''Gun mantlet'' <br> 30 mm (19°) ''Turret - Front'' <br> 20 mm ''Turret - Centre'' <br> 20 mm (14-26°) ''Turret - Rear''<br />
|-<br />
| Cupola || colspan="3" style="text-align:center" | 60 mm (cylindrical) || 60 mm ''Outer ring'' <br> 20 mm ''Centre''<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
'''Notes:'''<br />
<br />
* Suspension wheels are 15 mm thick while tracks are 20 mm thick.<br />
<br />
=== Mobility ===<br />
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}<br />
<!-- ''Write about the mobility of the ground vehicle. Estimate the specific power and manoeuvrability, as well as the maximum speed forwards and backwards.'' --><br />
<br />
{{tankMobility|abMinHp=1,116|rbMinHp=637}}<br />
<br />
The mobility, which is good but unexceptional, can be both a blessing and a curse since you will not be able to shoot accurately while on the move due to the proper lack of stabilizer.<br />
<br />
=== Modifications and economy ===<br />
{{Specs-Economy}}<br />
<br />
== Armaments ==<br />
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}<br />
=== Main armament ===<br />
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}<br />
<!-- ''Give the reader information about the characteristics of the main gun. Assess its effectiveness in a battle based on the reloading speed, ballistics and the power of shells. Do not forget about the flexibility of the fire, that is how quickly the cannon can be aimed at the target, open fire on it and aim at another enemy. Add a link to the main article on the gun: <code><nowiki>{{main|Name of the weapon}}</nowiki></code>. Describe in general terms the ammunition available for the main gun. Give advice on how to use them and how to fill the ammunition storage.'' --><br />
{{main|CN-105-F1 (105 mm)}}<br />
<br />
The AMX-30 is a similar tank to its younger counterpart, the [[AMX-30 (1972)]], with the 20 mm coaxial autocannon replaced by a 12.7 mm heavy machinegun, still able to deal with lightly armoured targets such as SPAA, but doesn't deal the extra punch of an autocannon.<br />
<br />
Like the AMX-30 (1972), it lacks a stabilizer and has incredibly weak side armour, but the excellent HEAT shell, comparable to other nations' HEATFS shells, the reasonable front armour (most tanks will still one-shot you though) and the good mobility make up for it.<br />
<br />
The HEAT shell is comparable to other nations' HEATFS shells, and has a good penetration amount (400 mm flat), but will often bounce on angled surfaces. When the shell penetrates, it usually causes enough shrapnel to one-shot a tank. In a fight against lightly armoured vehicles, like SPAA, the HEAT round will often cause hull breaks.<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="5" | [[CN-105-F1 (105 mm)|105 mm CN-105-F1]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)<br />
|-<br />
! Mode !! Capacity !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer<br />
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced<br />
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced<br />
|-<br />
! ''Arcade''<br />
| rowspan="2" | 50 || rowspan="2" | -8°/+20° || rowspan="2" | ±180° || rowspan="2" | N/A || 28.6 || 39.5 || 47.0 || 51.5 || 56.5 || rowspan="2" | 8.71 || rowspan="2" | 7.70 || rowspan="2" | 7.10 || rowspan="2" | 6.70<br />
|-<br />
! ''Realistic''<br />
| 17.9 || 21.0 || 25.7 || 28.4 || 30.0<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==== Ammunition ====<br />
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"<br />
! colspan="8" | Penetration statistics<br />
|-<br />
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition<br />
! rowspan="2" | Type of<br>warhead<br />
! colspan="6" | '''Penetration @ 0° Angle of Attack (mm)'''<br />
|-<br />
! 10 m !! 100 m !! 500 m !! 1,000 m !! 1,500 m !! 2,000 m<br />
|-<br />
| OCC 105 F1 || HEAT || 400 || 400 || 400 || 400 || 400 || 400<br />
|-<br />
| OE 105 F1 Mle.60 || HE || 25 || 25 || 25 || 25 || 25 || 25<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"<br />
! colspan="10" | Shell details<br />
|-<br />
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition<br />
! rowspan="2" | Type of<br>warhead<br />
! rowspan="2" | Velocity<br>(m/s)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Projectile<br>Mass (kg)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Fuse delay<br>(m)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Fuse sensitivity<br>(mm)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Explosive Mass<br>(TNT equivalent) (g)<br />
! colspan="3" | Ricochet<br />
|-<br />
! 0% !! 50% !! 100%<br />
|-<br />
| OCC 105 F1 || HEAT || 1,000 || 10.95 || 0.05 || 0.1 || 1,020 || 62° || 69° || 73°<br />
|-<br />
| OE 105 F1 Mle.60 || HE || 700 || 12.1 || 0 || 0.1 || 2,000 || 79° || 80° || 81°<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"<br />
! colspan="7" | Smoke shell characteristics<br />
|-<br />
! Ammunition<br />
! Velocity<br>(m/s)<br />
! Projectile<br>Mass (kg)<br />
! Screen radius<br>(m)<br />
! Screen deploy time<br>(s)<br />
! Screen hold time<br>(s)<br />
! Explosive Mass<br>(TNT equivalent) (g)<br />
|-<br />
| OFPH 105 F1 || 700 || 11.4 || 20 || 5 || 25 || 50<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==== [[Ammo racks]] ====<br />
[[File:Ammoracks_{{PAGENAME}}.png|right|thumb|x250px|[[Ammo racks]] of the {{PAGENAME}}]]<br />
<!-- '''Last updated: 2.1.0.50''' --><br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"<br />
|-<br />
! Full<br>ammo<br />
! 1st<br>rack empty<br />
! 2nd<br>rack empty<br />
! 3rd<br>rack empty<br />
! 4th<br>rack empty<br />
! 5th<br>rack empty<br />
! Visual<br>discrepancy<br />
|-<br />
| '''50''' || 23&nbsp;''(+27)'' || 22&nbsp;''(+28)'' || 19&nbsp;''(+31)'' || 9&nbsp;''(+41)'' || 1&nbsp;''(+49)'' || No<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
Notes:<br />
<br />
* Shells are modeled individually and disappear after having been shot or loaded.<br />
* Rack 2, 3, 4 and 5 are first stage ammo racks. They total 22 shells.<br />
* These racks get filled first when loading up the tank and are also emptied first.<br />
* The depletion order at full capacity is: 2 - 3 - 4 - 5 - 1.<br />
* Simply not firing when the gun is loaded will move ammo from rack 1 into rack 5 then 4, 3 and 2. Firing will interrupt the restocking of the ready racks.<br />
<br />
==== Optics and night vision ====<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"<br />
! colspan="7" | {{PAGENAME}} [[Optics]]<br />
|-<br />
! rowspan="3" |Type of optic<br />
! rowspan="3" |Magnification<br />
! colspan="5" |[[Night Vision Devices]]<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="3" |Image Intensifier<br />
! rowspan="2" |{{Annotation|Thermal Imager<br>Resolution|The higher the resolution the clearer and more detailed the image is}}<br />
! rowspan="2" |Notes<br />
|-<br />
! {{Annotation|Resolution|The higher the resolution the clearer and more detailed the image is}}<br />
! {{Annotation|Light Mult|By how much the image intensifier amplifies the existing light, primarily useful for comparing image intensifiers}}<br />
! {{Annotation|Noise Level|How much noise is present in the image (how grainy the image is)}}<br />
|-<br />
! Gunner's Sight<br />
| X6.8 - X8.0 || 800 x 600 || 8.0 || High || Not Fitted || Image intensifier unlocked by "NVD" modification (tier 4)<br />
|-<br />
! Commander's View<br />
| X6 || 800 x 600 || 8.0 || High || Not Fitted || Image intensifier unlocked by "NVD" modification (tier 4)<br />
|-<br />
! Driver's View<br />
| X1 || 800 x 600 || 5.0 || High || Not Fitted || Image intensifier unlocked by "NVD" modification (tier 4)<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
=== Machine guns ===<br />
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|2}}<br />
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|3}}<br />
<!-- ''Offensive and anti-aircraft machine guns not only allow you to fight some aircraft but also are effective against lightly armoured vehicles. Evaluate machine guns and give recommendations on its use.'' --><br />
{{main|M2HB (12.7 mm)|A-A-F1N (7.62 mm)}}<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="5" | [[M2HB (12.7 mm)|12.7 mm M2HB]]<br />
|-<br />
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal<br />
|-<br />
| Coaxial || 748 (200) || 577 || 0°/+20° || N/A<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="5" | [[A-A-F1N (7.62 mm)|7.62 mm A-A-F1N]]<br />
|-<br />
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal<br />
|-<br />
| Pintle || 2,050 (100) || 900 || -10°/+45° || ±120°<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
== Usage in battles ==<br />
<!-- ''Describe the tactics of playing in the vehicle, the features of using vehicles in the team and advice on tactics. Refrain from creating a "guide" - do not impose a single point of view but instead give the reader food for thought. Describe the most dangerous enemies and give recommendations on fighting them. If necessary, note the specifics of the game in different modes (AB, RB, SB).'' --><br />
This tank cannot stand a fight on its own, therefore, only two tactics are viable.<br />
<br />
First (the most dangerous), you can try getting behind the enemy lines and attacking the SPAA, you will often get hull breaks thanks to the HEAT round, be wary of bushes however, they will stop your HEAT shells, you can attempt to take on enemy tanks, provided it is from the side, and you can hit the ammunition (HEAT will rarely cause fire, and the weak shrapnel makes it hard to take out entire crews).<br />
<br />
Second, stay with your team, ideally behind another tank (do ''not'' lead the formation, it'll paint a target onto the tank), use your HEAT shells to disable tracks or take out one or two crew members and ease the task of your teammates.<br />
<br />
Compared to the vehicles it will face, the AMX-30 ranges from Inferior to Harmless, every enemy vehicle should be regarded the same way, as major threats that will destroy it in a couple of hits at best. Aiming for the ammunition is the only way for you.<br />
<br />
=== Pros and cons ===<br />
<!-- ''Summarise and briefly evaluate the vehicle in terms of its characteristics and combat effectiveness. Mark its pros and cons in a bulleted list. Try not to use more than 6 points for each of the characteristics. Avoid using categorical definitions such as "bad", "good" and the like - use substitutions with softer forms such as "inadequate" and "effective".'' --><br />
<br />
'''Pros:'''<br />
<br />
* Moderate front armour<br />
* Fuel tank armour surrounding frontal ammo rack, much like Cold War Russian tanks<br />
* The HEAT shell is comparable to other HEATFS shells of contemporary tanks and can theoretically penetrate up to 400 mm of flat armour<br />
* Good reactive mobility - slightly more mobile than the German Leopard I<br />
* Good acceleration<br />
* High velocity HEAT shell<br />
* Quick and snappy reverse<br />
* Frontal armour can occasionally ricochet APCBC and APHE shells and even some APDS shots <br />
* Access to smoke shells you can fire with the main gun - useful for blinding sniper spots or covering advances<br />
<br />
'''Cons:'''<br />
<br />
* No kinetic ammunition<br />
* Very tall cupola<br />
* Only 30-35 mm thick side armour<br />
* This early version of the AMX-30 lacks the 20 mm autocannon of its tree counterpart, the [[AMX-30 (1972)]]<br />
* Rear turret bustle is pretty much lathered with ammunition when filled<br />
* Fuel tanks everywhere in hull, front and sides, likely to cause a fire<br />
* HEAT shell will be stopped by any kind of obstacle, which includes (but is not limited to) bushes, trees, fences, wooden houses, etc.<br />
* HEAT shells can be defeated by tanks using ERA<br />
<br />
== History ==<br />
''Describe the history of the creation and combat usage of the vehicle in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the vehicle and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Vehicle-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>. This section may also include the vehicle's dev blog entry (if applicable) and the in-game encyclopedia description (under <code><nowiki>=== In-game description ===</nowiki></code>, also if applicable).''<br />
<br />
== Media ==<br />
<!-- ''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.'' --><br />
<br />
;Skins<br />
<br />
* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicleCountry=france&vehicleType=tank&vehicleClass=medium_tank&vehicle=fr_amx_30 Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]<br />
<br />
;Videos<br />
{{Youtube-gallery|wJkQW4kSJjM|'''French MBTs''' discusses the {{PAGENAME}} at 1:07 - ''War Thunder Official Channel''|NHRUSJ79Re4|'''The Shooting Range #175''' - ''Pages of History'' section at 04:50 discusses the {{PAGENAME}}.}}<br />
<br />
== See also ==<br />
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''<br />
<br />
* ''reference to the series of the vehicles;''<br />
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''<br />
<br />
== External links ==<br />
<!-- ''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''<br />
* ''topic on the official game forum;''<br />
* ''other literature.'' --><br />
<br />
* [[wikipedia:AMX-30|[Wikipedia] AMX-30]]<br />
* [https://tanks-encyclopedia.com/coldwar/France/AMX-30.php <nowiki>[Tanks Encyclopedia]</nowiki> AMX-30]<br />
<br />
{{France medium tanks}}<br />
{{France premium ground vehicles}}</div>U29417738