https://wiki.warthunder.com/api.php?action=feedcontributions&user=U100542309&feedformat=atomWar Thunder Wiki - User contributions [en]2024-03-29T00:22:04ZUser contributionsMediaWiki 1.30.0https://wiki.warthunder.com/index.php?title=SB2C-4&diff=113261SB2C-42021-10-09T03:56:30Z<p>U100542309: /* Pros and cons */</p>
<hr />
<div>{{About<br />
|about = American naval bomber '''{{PAGENAME}}'''<br />
|usage = other uses<br />
|link = SB2 (Disambiguation)<br />
}}<br />
{{Specs-Card<br />
|code=sb2c_4<br />
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}<br />
|cockpit=cockpit_sb2c_4.jpg<br />
}}<br />
<br />
== Description ==<br />
<!-- ''In the description, the first part should be about the history of and the creation and combat usage of the aircraft, as well as its key features. In the second part, tell the reader about the aircraft in the game. Insert a screenshot of the vehicle, so that if the novice player does not remember the vehicle by name, he will immediately understand what kind of vehicle the article is talking about.'' --><br />
The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} American dive bomber {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.53 "Firestorm"]].<br />
<br />
The SB2C-4 is an upgrade from the earlier [[SB2C-1c]] dive bomber at Rank II, having a more powerful engine and the ability to mount more payloads, including HVAR rockets. However, this version faces tougher and more deadly aircraft due to a higher ''Battle Rating''.<br />
<br />
== General info ==<br />
=== Flight performance ===<br />
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}<br />
<!-- ''Describe how the aircraft behaves in the air. Speed, manoeuvrability, acceleration and allowable loads - these are the most important characteristics of the vehicle.'' --><br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"<br />
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics<br />
! colspan="2" | Max Speed<br>(km/h at 4,998 m)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude<br>(metres)<br />
! colspan="2" | Turn time<br>(seconds)<br />
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb<br>(metres/second)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run<br>(metres)<br />
|-<br />
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB<br />
|-<br />
! Stock<br />
| 440 || 422 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 24.0 || 24.8 || 3.7 || 3.6 || rowspan="2" | 300<br />
|-<br />
! Upgraded<br />
| 482 || 459 || 22.1 || 23.0 || 9.0 || 6.1<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==== Details ====<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="5" | Features<br />
|-<br />
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear<br />
|-<br />
| ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || ✓ <!-- ✓ --><br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="7" | Limits<br />
|-<br />
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)<br />
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)<br />
! colspan="2" | Max Static G<br />
|-<br />
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -<br />
|-<br />
| {{Specs|destruction|body}} || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || 503 || 481 || 250 || ~11 || ~5<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)<br />
|-<br />
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator<br />
|-<br />
| < 257 || < 350 || < 380 || > 325<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
=== Survivability and armour ===<br />
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}<br />
<!-- ''Examine the survivability of the aircraft. Note how vulnerable the structure is and how secure the pilot is, whether the fuel tanks are armoured, etc. Describe the armour, if there is any, and also mention the vulnerability of other critical aircraft systems.'' --><br />
<br />
* 8.5 mm Steel - Armour plate, the underside of the engine cowling<br />
* 6.35 mm Steel - Cockpit/Instrument panel protection plate<br />
* 11.11 mm Steel - Behind pilot's seat<br />
* 6.35 mm Steel - Dorsal gunner protection plate<br />
* 38 mm Bulletproof glass - Front windscreen<br />
<br />
=== Modifications and economy ===<br />
{{Specs-Economy}}<br />
<br />
== Armaments ==<br />
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}<br />
=== Offensive armament ===<br />
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}<br />
<!-- ''Describe the offensive armament of the aircraft, if any. Describe how effective the cannons and machine guns are in a battle, and also what belts or drums are better to use. If there is no offensive weaponry, delete this subsection.'' --><br />
{{main|AN/M2 (20 mm)}}<br />
<br />
The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:<br />
<br />
* 2 x 20 mm AN/M2 cannons, wing-mounted (200 rpg = 400 total)<br />
<br />
=== Suspended armament ===<br />
{{Specs-Avia-Suspended}}<br />
<!-- ''Describe the aircraft's suspended armament: additional cannons under the wings, bombs, rockets and torpedoes. This section is especially important for bombers and attackers. If there is no suspended weaponry remove this subsection.'' --><br />
{{main|AN-M57 (250 lb)|AN-M64A1 (500 lb)|AN-M65A1 (1,000 lb)|HVAR|M2 Browning (12.7 mm)}}<br />
{{main|Mk.13-1 (1,927 lb)|Mk.13-1 Case (1,927 lb)|Type A Mark I mine}}<br />
<br />
The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance:<br />
<br />
* 2 x 250 lb AN-M57 bombs (500 lb total)<br />
* 1 x 1,927 lb Mk.13-1 torpedo<br />
* 1 x 1,927 lb Mk.13-1 Case torpedo<br />
* 2 x 500 lb AN-M64A1 bombs (1,000 lb total)<br />
* 4 x 500 lb AN-M64A1 bombs (2,000 lb total)<br />
* 1 x 1,000 lb AN-M65A1 bomb (1,000 lb total)<br />
* 1 x Type A Mark I mine<br />
* 1 x 1,000 lb AN-M65A1 bomb + 2 x 500 lb AN-M64A1 bombs (2,000 lb total)<br />
* 8 x HVAR rockets<br />
* 4 x 12.7 mm M2 Browning machine guns (340 rpg = 1,360 total)<br />
<br />
=== Defensive armament ===<br />
{{Specs-Avia-Defensive}}<br />
<!-- ''Defensive armament with turret machine guns or cannons, crewed by gunners. Examine the number of gunners and what belts or drums are better to use. If defensive weaponry is not available, remove this subsection.'' --><br />
{{main|Browning (7.62 mm)}}<br />
<br />
The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is defended by:<br />
<br />
* 2 x 7.62 mm Browning machine guns, dorsal turret (1,000 rpg = 2,000 total)<br />
<br />
== Usage in battles ==<br />
<!-- ''Describe the tactics of playing in the aircraft, the features of using aircraft in a team and advice on tactics. Refrain from creating a "guide" - do not impose a single point of view, but instead, give the reader food for thought. Examine the most dangerous enemies and give recommendations on fighting them. If necessary, note the specifics of the game in different modes (AB, RB, SB).'' --><br />
<br />
;Arcade Battles<br />
<br />
The {{PAGENAME}} is very much like it's older sibling model in-game, which is a dive bomber/attacker capable of wreaking havoc to both soft and hard ground targets and enemy bases. Despite its capability to carry rockets and under-wing bombs and be used as an attacker, '''do not''' attempt to do so, unless you are sure a nearby enemy fighter does not immediately single you out as a target. This aircraft has fairly good manoeuvrability but does not fly nearly as well as any of the fighters you may encounter. However, this does not mean you cannot defend yourself in dire times. A distinct advantage of this aircraft is its firepower is more than enough to bring down any attacking enemy pilot with some skill, however, it's instability in coming out of rough turns can cause problems on getting guns on target difficult. Most pilots don't expect you to carry so much firepower with the extra machine guns so taking head-ons with some planes can work in your favour because most pilots do not expect you to have that much firepower. Moreover, due to it's firepower and ''airspawn'', being a bomber hunter is no problem either. It is important to remember to use this plane's main niche to your advantage as you will be vulnerable to enemy gunners. This plane's niche as fast bomber is further reinforced compared to the SB2C-1c as it carries double the bomb load (2,000 lb/ 907 kg) and if you survive long enough with your firepower to defend yourself you can be a considerable drain to the enemy's ticket counter. Overall, this aircraft is a solid performer in Arcade battles which is a delightful blend of defensive/offensive firepower, speed (not fighter-like though), manoeuvrability and bombing capability specifically for a dive bomber. A recommended aircraft to take out in ''tier 3'' battles and as a ''silver lions'' factory!<br />
<br />
;Realistic Battles<br />
<br />
In Realistic Battles, the {{PAGENAME}} excels at the ground attack role. Use the bombs and rockets against hard targets (such as heavy pillboxes and tanks), and the 20 mm cannons for taking out soft targets and light pillboxes. Even the universal ammo belt with 50/50 HEF and AP can take out light pillboxes when aiming for the roof, but belts with more AP will make it easier. However, its use doesn't end there. The SB2C is surprisingly manoeuvrable for a dive bomber, which combined with its high bomber spawn, effective armament, and dive brakes mean it can be used to dive on enemy fighters and bombers, and can even hold its own in a dogfight, especially if the enemy underestimates the plane's manoeuvrability. These characteristics are also good tactics for defending yourself, markedly since the tail gunner is lacklustre. Unfortunately, this does not apply well when at a low energy state (ex: ground attacking at a low level). The SB2C has poor climb rate and acceleration, and experienced pilots will boom and zoom you and leave you few options to defend yourself (trying to get guns on target after an overshoot, forcing a head-on, etc). Instead, try to stay above the battle and go for enemy aircraft, and once your team has a numerical advantage, go to ground level and ground attack, preferably under cover of fighters.<br />
<br />
;Fighting a {{PAGENAME}}<br />
<br />
If you come across a {{PAGENAME}}, attack from its unprotected bottom which is easy to hit due to planes low speed and pilots rarely looking below their planes. Avoid attacking it when it is in a dive<br />
<br />
=== Manual Engine Control ===<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="7" | MEC elements<br />
|-<br />
! rowspan="2" | Mixer<br />
! rowspan="2" | Pitch<br />
! colspan="3" | Radiator<br />
! rowspan="2" | Supercharger<br />
! rowspan="2" | Turbocharger<br />
|-<br />
! Oil !! Water !! Type<br />
|-<br />
| Controllable || Controllable<br>Auto control available || Not controllable<br>Not auto controlled || Controllable<br>Auto control available || Combined || Controllable<br>2 gears || Not controllable<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
=== Pros and cons ===<br />
<!-- ''Summarise and briefly evaluate the vehicle in terms of its characteristics and combat effectiveness. Mark its pros and cons in the bulleted list. Try not to use more than 6 points for each of the characteristics. Avoid using categorical definitions such as "bad", "good" and the like - use substitutions with softer forms such as "inadequate" and "effective".'' --><br />
<br />
'''Pros:'''<br />
<br />
* Very effective cannon armament<br />
* Very agile for a dive bomber<br />
* Good ground attack payload options<br />
* Has air brakes<br />
* Gets a bomber spawn<br />
* Can attach gun pods; enemies will not expect you have that much firepower<br />
* Great for bomber hunting<br />
* Good at head-on attacks<br />
<br />
'''Cons:'''<br />
<br />
* No belly gunner<br />
* Catches fire relatively easily<br />
* Poor climb rate<br />
* Fairly slow<br />
* Tail gunner is ineffective at long range<br />
* Any asymmetrical wing damage makes it very difficult to turn<br />
* Extreme negatively static longitudinal stability for joystick at low speeds (e.g. the aircraft doesn't want to take off, but a slight bump makes the aircraft want to stall and harsh nose-down is required)<br />
* 20 mm shells can almost instantly down your plane<br />
* Elevators may jam in a dive<br />
<br />
== History ==<br />
<!-- ''Describe the history of the creation and combat usage of the aircraft in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the vehicle and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Vehicle-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>. This section may also include the vehicle's dev blog entry (if applicable) and the in-game encyclopedia description (under <code><nowiki>=== In-game description ===</nowiki></code>, also if applicable).'' --><br />
<br />
The SB2C-4 Helldiver was an improved model of the SB2C-3, which was in turn based on the [[SB2C-1c]].<br />
<br />
The SB2C-3 had added the R-2600-20 engine, which was rated at 1,900 hp. This helped to solve the power to weight issues of the earlier models. The SB2C-4 added eight wing racks for carrying 5 in (127 mm) HVAR unguided rockets, with four on each wing. Additionally, mountings for one 500 lb bomb on each wing were added - a total of two 500 lb bombs; these could be carried when not carrying rockets. These armament options were in addition to the centerline bomb bay in the fuselage, which could carry up to 2,000 lbs of ordnance. 2,045 SB2C-4 aircraft were produced, making it the most produced variant of the SB2C Helldiver.<br />
<br />
The SB2C Helldiver was used during the Battle of the Philippine Sea, where 45 were lost after running out of fuel while returning to the carriers. The SB2C took part in combat over the Marianas, Philippines, Taiwan, Iwo Jima, and Okinawa. In the Battle of Leyte Gulf, during the Philippines Campaign, SB2C Helldivers took part in the sinking of the IJN Musashi; they scored a number of bomb hits to the ship. At Okinawa, Helldivers participated in the sinking of the IJN Yamato during the Japanese Operation Ten-Go, scoring hits on the Yamato and her escorts.<br />
<br />
In 1945, Helldivers were used in attacks on the Ryukyu Islands and the Japanese island of Honshū. In those strikes they were used to attack airfields, communication centers, and shipping. After the two atomic bombs were dropped, the Helldiver was used in patrols until the official Japanese surrender and the subsequent occupation of Japan.<br />
<br />
After the war, the SB2C remained in active-duty service with the US Navy until 1947, and with the Naval Reserve until 1950.<br />
<br />
== Media ==<br />
<!-- ''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.'' --><br />
{{Youtube-gallery|uJziizNMYj8|'''The Shooting Range #164''' - ''Pages of History'' section at 04:12 discusses the SB2C Helldiver.}}<br />
<br />
== See also ==<br />
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''<br />
<br />
* ''reference to the series of the aircraft;''<br />
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''<br />
<br />
== External links ==<br />
<!-- ''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''<br />
* ''topic on the official game forum;''<br />
* ''encyclopedia page on the aircraft;''<br />
* ''other literature.'' --><br />
<br />
* [https://forum.warthunder.com/index.php?/topic/272430-curtiss-sb2c-4/ Official data sheet - more details about the performance]<br />
<br />
{{AirManufacturer Curtiss}}<br />
{{USA bombers}}</div>U100542309https://wiki.warthunder.com/index.php?title=SB2C-4&diff=113260SB2C-42021-10-09T03:55:23Z<p>U100542309: /* Usage in battles */</p>
<hr />
<div>{{About<br />
|about = American naval bomber '''{{PAGENAME}}'''<br />
|usage = other uses<br />
|link = SB2 (Disambiguation)<br />
}}<br />
{{Specs-Card<br />
|code=sb2c_4<br />
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}<br />
|cockpit=cockpit_sb2c_4.jpg<br />
}}<br />
<br />
== Description ==<br />
<!-- ''In the description, the first part should be about the history of and the creation and combat usage of the aircraft, as well as its key features. In the second part, tell the reader about the aircraft in the game. Insert a screenshot of the vehicle, so that if the novice player does not remember the vehicle by name, he will immediately understand what kind of vehicle the article is talking about.'' --><br />
The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} American dive bomber {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.53 "Firestorm"]].<br />
<br />
The SB2C-4 is an upgrade from the earlier [[SB2C-1c]] dive bomber at Rank II, having a more powerful engine and the ability to mount more payloads, including HVAR rockets. However, this version faces tougher and more deadly aircraft due to a higher ''Battle Rating''.<br />
<br />
== General info ==<br />
=== Flight performance ===<br />
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}<br />
<!-- ''Describe how the aircraft behaves in the air. Speed, manoeuvrability, acceleration and allowable loads - these are the most important characteristics of the vehicle.'' --><br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"<br />
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics<br />
! colspan="2" | Max Speed<br>(km/h at 4,998 m)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude<br>(metres)<br />
! colspan="2" | Turn time<br>(seconds)<br />
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb<br>(metres/second)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run<br>(metres)<br />
|-<br />
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB<br />
|-<br />
! Stock<br />
| 440 || 422 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 24.0 || 24.8 || 3.7 || 3.6 || rowspan="2" | 300<br />
|-<br />
! Upgraded<br />
| 482 || 459 || 22.1 || 23.0 || 9.0 || 6.1<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==== Details ====<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="5" | Features<br />
|-<br />
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear<br />
|-<br />
| ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || ✓ <!-- ✓ --><br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="7" | Limits<br />
|-<br />
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)<br />
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)<br />
! colspan="2" | Max Static G<br />
|-<br />
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -<br />
|-<br />
| {{Specs|destruction|body}} || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || 503 || 481 || 250 || ~11 || ~5<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)<br />
|-<br />
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator<br />
|-<br />
| < 257 || < 350 || < 380 || > 325<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
=== Survivability and armour ===<br />
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}<br />
<!-- ''Examine the survivability of the aircraft. Note how vulnerable the structure is and how secure the pilot is, whether the fuel tanks are armoured, etc. Describe the armour, if there is any, and also mention the vulnerability of other critical aircraft systems.'' --><br />
<br />
* 8.5 mm Steel - Armour plate, the underside of the engine cowling<br />
* 6.35 mm Steel - Cockpit/Instrument panel protection plate<br />
* 11.11 mm Steel - Behind pilot's seat<br />
* 6.35 mm Steel - Dorsal gunner protection plate<br />
* 38 mm Bulletproof glass - Front windscreen<br />
<br />
=== Modifications and economy ===<br />
{{Specs-Economy}}<br />
<br />
== Armaments ==<br />
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}<br />
=== Offensive armament ===<br />
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}<br />
<!-- ''Describe the offensive armament of the aircraft, if any. Describe how effective the cannons and machine guns are in a battle, and also what belts or drums are better to use. If there is no offensive weaponry, delete this subsection.'' --><br />
{{main|AN/M2 (20 mm)}}<br />
<br />
The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:<br />
<br />
* 2 x 20 mm AN/M2 cannons, wing-mounted (200 rpg = 400 total)<br />
<br />
=== Suspended armament ===<br />
{{Specs-Avia-Suspended}}<br />
<!-- ''Describe the aircraft's suspended armament: additional cannons under the wings, bombs, rockets and torpedoes. This section is especially important for bombers and attackers. If there is no suspended weaponry remove this subsection.'' --><br />
{{main|AN-M57 (250 lb)|AN-M64A1 (500 lb)|AN-M65A1 (1,000 lb)|HVAR|M2 Browning (12.7 mm)}}<br />
{{main|Mk.13-1 (1,927 lb)|Mk.13-1 Case (1,927 lb)|Type A Mark I mine}}<br />
<br />
The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance:<br />
<br />
* 2 x 250 lb AN-M57 bombs (500 lb total)<br />
* 1 x 1,927 lb Mk.13-1 torpedo<br />
* 1 x 1,927 lb Mk.13-1 Case torpedo<br />
* 2 x 500 lb AN-M64A1 bombs (1,000 lb total)<br />
* 4 x 500 lb AN-M64A1 bombs (2,000 lb total)<br />
* 1 x 1,000 lb AN-M65A1 bomb (1,000 lb total)<br />
* 1 x Type A Mark I mine<br />
* 1 x 1,000 lb AN-M65A1 bomb + 2 x 500 lb AN-M64A1 bombs (2,000 lb total)<br />
* 8 x HVAR rockets<br />
* 4 x 12.7 mm M2 Browning machine guns (340 rpg = 1,360 total)<br />
<br />
=== Defensive armament ===<br />
{{Specs-Avia-Defensive}}<br />
<!-- ''Defensive armament with turret machine guns or cannons, crewed by gunners. Examine the number of gunners and what belts or drums are better to use. If defensive weaponry is not available, remove this subsection.'' --><br />
{{main|Browning (7.62 mm)}}<br />
<br />
The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is defended by:<br />
<br />
* 2 x 7.62 mm Browning machine guns, dorsal turret (1,000 rpg = 2,000 total)<br />
<br />
== Usage in battles ==<br />
<!-- ''Describe the tactics of playing in the aircraft, the features of using aircraft in a team and advice on tactics. Refrain from creating a "guide" - do not impose a single point of view, but instead, give the reader food for thought. Examine the most dangerous enemies and give recommendations on fighting them. If necessary, note the specifics of the game in different modes (AB, RB, SB).'' --><br />
<br />
;Arcade Battles<br />
<br />
The {{PAGENAME}} is very much like it's older sibling model in-game, which is a dive bomber/attacker capable of wreaking havoc to both soft and hard ground targets and enemy bases. Despite its capability to carry rockets and under-wing bombs and be used as an attacker, '''do not''' attempt to do so, unless you are sure a nearby enemy fighter does not immediately single you out as a target. This aircraft has fairly good manoeuvrability but does not fly nearly as well as any of the fighters you may encounter. However, this does not mean you cannot defend yourself in dire times. A distinct advantage of this aircraft is its firepower is more than enough to bring down any attacking enemy pilot with some skill, however, it's instability in coming out of rough turns can cause problems on getting guns on target difficult. Most pilots don't expect you to carry so much firepower with the extra machine guns so taking head-ons with some planes can work in your favour because most pilots do not expect you to have that much firepower. Moreover, due to it's firepower and ''airspawn'', being a bomber hunter is no problem either. It is important to remember to use this plane's main niche to your advantage as you will be vulnerable to enemy gunners. This plane's niche as fast bomber is further reinforced compared to the SB2C-1c as it carries double the bomb load (2,000 lb/ 907 kg) and if you survive long enough with your firepower to defend yourself you can be a considerable drain to the enemy's ticket counter. Overall, this aircraft is a solid performer in Arcade battles which is a delightful blend of defensive/offensive firepower, speed (not fighter-like though), manoeuvrability and bombing capability specifically for a dive bomber. A recommended aircraft to take out in ''tier 3'' battles and as a ''silver lions'' factory!<br />
<br />
;Realistic Battles<br />
<br />
In Realistic Battles, the {{PAGENAME}} excels at the ground attack role. Use the bombs and rockets against hard targets (such as heavy pillboxes and tanks), and the 20 mm cannons for taking out soft targets and light pillboxes. Even the universal ammo belt with 50/50 HEF and AP can take out light pillboxes when aiming for the roof, but belts with more AP will make it easier. However, its use doesn't end there. The SB2C is surprisingly manoeuvrable for a dive bomber, which combined with its high bomber spawn, effective armament, and dive brakes mean it can be used to dive on enemy fighters and bombers, and can even hold its own in a dogfight, especially if the enemy underestimates the plane's manoeuvrability. These characteristics are also good tactics for defending yourself, markedly since the tail gunner is lacklustre. Unfortunately, this does not apply well when at a low energy state (ex: ground attacking at a low level). The SB2C has poor climb rate and acceleration, and experienced pilots will boom and zoom you and leave you few options to defend yourself (trying to get guns on target after an overshoot, forcing a head-on, etc). Instead, try to stay above the battle and go for enemy aircraft, and once your team has a numerical advantage, go to ground level and ground attack, preferably under cover of fighters.<br />
<br />
;Fighting a {{PAGENAME}}<br />
<br />
If you come across a {{PAGENAME}}, attack from its unprotected bottom which is easy to hit due to planes low speed and pilots rarely looking below their planes. Avoid attacking it when it is in a dive<br />
<br />
=== Manual Engine Control ===<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="7" | MEC elements<br />
|-<br />
! rowspan="2" | Mixer<br />
! rowspan="2" | Pitch<br />
! colspan="3" | Radiator<br />
! rowspan="2" | Supercharger<br />
! rowspan="2" | Turbocharger<br />
|-<br />
! Oil !! Water !! Type<br />
|-<br />
| Controllable || Controllable<br>Auto control available || Not controllable<br>Not auto controlled || Controllable<br>Auto control available || Combined || Controllable<br>2 gears || Not controllable<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
=== Pros and cons ===<br />
<!-- ''Summarise and briefly evaluate the vehicle in terms of its characteristics and combat effectiveness. Mark its pros and cons in the bulleted list. Try not to use more than 6 points for each of the characteristics. Avoid using categorical definitions such as "bad", "good" and the like - use substitutions with softer forms such as "inadequate" and "effective".'' --><br />
<br />
'''Pros:'''<br />
<br />
* Very effective cannon armament<br />
* Very agile for a dive bomber<br />
* Good ground attack payload options<br />
* Has air brakes<br />
* Gets a bomber spawn<br />
* Can attach gun pods; enemies will not expect you have that much firepower<br />
* Great for bomber hunting<br />
* Good at head-on attacks<br />
* 20 mm cannons can pilot-snipe enemies with ease<br />
<br />
'''Cons:'''<br />
<br />
* No belly gunner<br />
* Catches fire relatively easily<br />
* Poor climb rate<br />
* Fairly slow<br />
* Tail gunner is ineffective at long range<br />
* Any asymmetrical wing damage makes it very difficult to turn<br />
* Extreme negatively static longitudinal stability for joystick at low speeds (e.g. the aircraft doesn't want to take off, but a slight bump makes the aircraft want to stall and harsh nose-down is required)<br />
* 20 mm shells can almost instantly down your plane<br />
* Elevators may jam in a dive<br />
<br />
== History ==<br />
<!-- ''Describe the history of the creation and combat usage of the aircraft in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the vehicle and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Vehicle-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>. This section may also include the vehicle's dev blog entry (if applicable) and the in-game encyclopedia description (under <code><nowiki>=== In-game description ===</nowiki></code>, also if applicable).'' --><br />
<br />
The SB2C-4 Helldiver was an improved model of the SB2C-3, which was in turn based on the [[SB2C-1c]].<br />
<br />
The SB2C-3 had added the R-2600-20 engine, which was rated at 1,900 hp. This helped to solve the power to weight issues of the earlier models. The SB2C-4 added eight wing racks for carrying 5 in (127 mm) HVAR unguided rockets, with four on each wing. Additionally, mountings for one 500 lb bomb on each wing were added - a total of two 500 lb bombs; these could be carried when not carrying rockets. These armament options were in addition to the centerline bomb bay in the fuselage, which could carry up to 2,000 lbs of ordnance. 2,045 SB2C-4 aircraft were produced, making it the most produced variant of the SB2C Helldiver.<br />
<br />
The SB2C Helldiver was used during the Battle of the Philippine Sea, where 45 were lost after running out of fuel while returning to the carriers. The SB2C took part in combat over the Marianas, Philippines, Taiwan, Iwo Jima, and Okinawa. In the Battle of Leyte Gulf, during the Philippines Campaign, SB2C Helldivers took part in the sinking of the IJN Musashi; they scored a number of bomb hits to the ship. At Okinawa, Helldivers participated in the sinking of the IJN Yamato during the Japanese Operation Ten-Go, scoring hits on the Yamato and her escorts.<br />
<br />
In 1945, Helldivers were used in attacks on the Ryukyu Islands and the Japanese island of Honshū. In those strikes they were used to attack airfields, communication centers, and shipping. After the two atomic bombs were dropped, the Helldiver was used in patrols until the official Japanese surrender and the subsequent occupation of Japan.<br />
<br />
After the war, the SB2C remained in active-duty service with the US Navy until 1947, and with the Naval Reserve until 1950.<br />
<br />
== Media ==<br />
<!-- ''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.'' --><br />
{{Youtube-gallery|uJziizNMYj8|'''The Shooting Range #164''' - ''Pages of History'' section at 04:12 discusses the SB2C Helldiver.}}<br />
<br />
== See also ==<br />
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''<br />
<br />
* ''reference to the series of the aircraft;''<br />
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''<br />
<br />
== External links ==<br />
<!-- ''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''<br />
* ''topic on the official game forum;''<br />
* ''encyclopedia page on the aircraft;''<br />
* ''other literature.'' --><br />
<br />
* [https://forum.warthunder.com/index.php?/topic/272430-curtiss-sb2c-4/ Official data sheet - more details about the performance]<br />
<br />
{{AirManufacturer Curtiss}}<br />
{{USA bombers}}</div>U100542309https://wiki.warthunder.com/index.php?title=A2D-1&diff=113259A2D-12021-10-09T01:26:12Z<p>U100542309: /* Pros and cons */</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Specs-Card<br />
|code=a2d<br />
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}<br />
|cockpit=cockpit_a2d.jpg<br />
}}<br />
<br />
== Description ==<br />
<!-- ''In the description, the first part should be about the history of and the creation and combat usage of the aircraft, as well as its key features. In the second part, tell the reader about the aircraft in the game. Insert a screenshot of the vehicle, so that if the novice player does not remember the vehicle by name, he will immediately understand what kind of vehicle the article is talking about.'' --><br />
The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a premium rank {{Specs|rank}} American strike aircraft {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.89 "Imperial Navy"]].<br />
<br />
The {{PAGENAME}} was outfitted with the Allison XT40A turboprop engine, effectively doubling the horsepower over the [[AD-2|AD-2 ''Skyraider'']], however, installation of contra-rotating propellers was needed to harness all of that power. To accommodate this new thrust, the wing roots were decreased in their thickness while the tail section became larger and taller in order to stabilize the aircraft when under power. With the new engine situated, it was time to focus on the armament of the aircraft. Basic offensive 20 mm cannons were implemented, placing two in each wing with each gun being loaded with 400 rounds of ammunition, twice the firepower as on the Skyraider!<br />
<br />
The Douglas {{PAGENAME}} did not have the same legacy as the A-1 Skyraider, however here in War Thunder new life has been given to this hybrid turbo-prop fighter allowing it to find a niche as a strike aircraft turned fighter and/or bomber, all depending on the ordnance outfitted by the pilot. Not to be underestimated, though having a bulky airframe, the {{PAGENAME}} has the speed and ordnance which can help in turning the tide of a battle. Often this aircraft will come up against jet aircraft, but its lack of speed can be made up in manoeuvrability and skill of the pilot in command.<br />
<br />
== General info ==<br />
=== Flight performance ===<br />
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}<br />
<!-- ''Describe how the aircraft behaves in the air. Speed, manoeuvrability, acceleration and allowable loads - these are the most important characteristics of the vehicle.'' --><br />
'''5500 shaft horsepower''' (!sic) — Let this sink in for a moment. Nigh triple that of the another contra-rotating propeller machine in the game, the [[Seafire FR 47|Seafire Mk.47]] - queen of the Spitfires. Furthermore looking at the statistics, one sees more to be gay about. The top speed rivals early jets, rate of climb is phenomenal and the short take off run speaks for a great acceleration. Every characteristic tells the tale of a great [[energy fighting]] machine. This [[:Category:Attackers|attacker]] is very much unlike its older cousin the [[AD-2|AD-2 ''Skyraider'']].<br />
<br />
But the devil is in the detail. The wing loading is exceptional high >220 kg/m², sitting even above the [[P-47 (Family)|P-47 ''Thunderbolt'']]. It further does so in category of weight and size. Make no mistake, the Skyshark is a Sky''whale'' and flies appropriately at times. Due the weight, the elevator authority feels weak and one will kiss the ground more than once, before learning to fly with the momentum properly. Rapid pitch changes are not the Skysharks forte, an abusable fact known to aces. Worse still is the jittery behaviour while manoeuvring or taking aim. Again the aircraft<nowiki>'</nowiki>s mass will delay any inputs, especially noticeable in [[Simulator Battles|simulator mode]]. Another quirk is the engine itself: As a turboprop the jets require a spool-up time when going from low to high power.<br />
<br />
Of course one wants to exploit the A2D ''Skysharks''<nowiki/>' advantages. From above we can notice a plane much simuilar to it: The [[P-47M-1-RE|P-47M ''Thunderbolt'']]. However, in one thing they are apart: Their climb rate, the Bolt<nowiki>'</nowiki>s Achilles heel. Further the acceleration is better, thanks to the 5500 shaft-hp allowing for a better sustained turn rate despite mediocre manoeuvrability. This allows the A2D to outshine many early jets in turn dogfights. Maintaining a Yo-Yo with 350 km/h IAS is possible and sadly necessary, any slower than this and the aircraft becomes less responsive. A rare case were lower speeds reduce overall controllability. Again the max weight rears its ugly head.<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"<br />
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics<br />
! colspan="2" | Max Speed<br>(km/h at 8,534 m)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude<br>(metres)<br />
! colspan="2" | Turn time<br>(seconds)<br />
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb<br>(metres/second)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run<br>(metres)<br />
|-<br />
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB<br />
|-<br />
! Stock<br />
|796||796|| rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} ||25.6||26.2||32.4||32.1|| rowspan="2" | 350<br />
|-<br />
! Upgraded<br />
| 796 || 796 || 24.5 || 25.0 || 36.4 || 34.4<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==== Details ====<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="5" | Features<br />
|-<br />
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear<br />
|-<br />
| ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || ✓ <!-- ✓ --><br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="7" | Limits<br />
|-<br />
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)<br />
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)<br />
! colspan="2" | Max Static G<br />
|-<br />
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -<br />
|-<br />
| {{Specs|destruction|body}} || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} ||428|| 351 || 300 || ~9 || ~4<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)<br />
|-<br />
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator<br />
|-<br />
| < 460 || < 480 || < 460 || N/A<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="3" | Compressor (RB/SB)<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="3" | Setting 1<br />
|-<br />
! Optimal altitude<br />
! 100% Engine power<br />
! WEP Engine power<br />
|-<br />
| 1,000 m || 5,034 hp || N/A<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
=== Survivability and armour ===<br />
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}<br />
<!-- ''Examine the survivability of the aircraft. Note how vulnerable the structure is and how secure the pilot is, whether the fuel tanks are armoured, etc. Describe the armour, if there is any, and also mention the vulnerability of other critical aircraft systems.'' --><br />
<br />
The {{PAGENAME}} has no protection for the pilot which makes it very vulnerable to AAA and other aircraft. The radar is also vulnerable to being hit. Belly landings can lead to the aircraft destroying itself beyond repair, but if done in a certain way now, due to damage model changes, the {{PAGENAME}} can indeed belly land.<br />
<br />
The propeller driveshaft besides the engines is the most important part of maintaining thrust, as if it is damaged too much the engine condition will not matter and a loss of airspeed will occur. The A2D1 can still fly on one engine if the prop driveshaft and the one said engine is lightly damaged or undamaged. The {{PAGENAME}}'s fuel tank is quite prone to fires as it is a big target due to being in the fuselage. While this may seem bad, do not let this discourage you from executing boom-and-zoom tactics.<br />
<br />
=== Modifications and economy ===<br />
{{Specs-Economy}}<br />
<br />
== Armaments ==<br />
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}<br />
=== Offensive armament ===<br />
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}<br />
<!-- ''Describe the offensive armament of the aircraft, if any. Describe how effective the cannons and machine guns are in a battle, and also what belts or drums are better to use. If there is no offensive weaponry, delete this subsection.'' --><br />
{{main|T31 (20 mm)}}<br />
<br />
The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:<br />
<br />
* 4 x 20 mm T31 cannons, wing-mounted (200 rpg = 800 total)<br />
<br />
The T31 is a modification of the Hispano-Suiza system and an improvement from the AN-M2 cannon, mostly in weight though. The quadrupple punch is a welcomed upgrade from the Skyraiders. However as the autocannons are mounted in the wings, the pilot must be cognizant of their range to the target and their convergence setting to ensure the ammunition hits the target and doesn't just fly on by.<br />
<br />
=== Suspended armament ===<br />
{{Specs-Avia-Suspended}}<br />
<!-- ''Describe the aircraft's suspended armament: additional cannons under the wings, bombs, rockets and torpedoes. This section is especially important for bombers and attackers. If there is no suspended weaponry remove this subsection.'' --><br />
{{main|AN-M57 (250 lb)|AN-M64A1 (500 lb)|AN-M65A1 (1,000 lb)|AN-M66A2 (2,000 lb)}}<br />
{{main|HVAR|Mk.13-1 Case (1,927 lb)}}<br />
<br />
The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance:<br />
<br />
* Without load<br />
* 20 x 250 lb AN-M57 bombs (5,000 lb total)<br />
* 20 x HVAR rockets<br />
* 10 x 500 lb AN-M64A1 bombs (5,000 lb total)<br />
* 2 x 1,000 lb AN-M65A1 bombs (2,000 lb total)<br />
* 2 x 2,000 lb AN-M66A2 bombs (4,000 lb total)<br />
* 2 x 2,000 lb AN-M66A2 bombs + 8 x 500 lb AN-M64A1 bombs (8,000 lb total)<br />
* 2 x 2,000 lb AN-M66A2 bombs + 20 x HVAR rockets (4,000 lb total)<br />
* 2 x 1,927 lb Mk.13-1 Case torpedoes<br />
<br />
Twenty-two total hardpoints allow the {{PAGENAME}} to carry an abundance of suspended ordnance much like the Skyraider. Choices of bombs, rockets and torpedoes open up the possibility of targets which can be engaged. Choices in bombs provide options with either 250 lb, 500 lb, 1,000 lb and 2,000 lb bombs. With these targets can range from mobile light trucks, anti-aircraft artillery, tanks, pillboxes and even bases. HVAR rockets provide flexibility to allow the {{PAGENAME}} to fire them from any angle (a restriction which bombs have) as the aircraft descends towards the target. The Mk.13-1 Case torpedoes are outfitted with a special frangible wooden drag ring and box stabilizer which allow for the torpedo to be dropped at high speeds and from higher altitudes than unmodified torpedoes making them a perfect option for the {{PAGENAME}} when taking on an anti-shipping role.<br />
<br />
== Usage in battles ==<br />
<!-- ''Describe the tactics of playing in the aircraft, the features of using aircraft in a team and advice on tactics. Refrain from creating a "guide" - do not impose a single point of view, but instead, give the reader food for thought. Examine the most dangerous enemies and give recommendations on fighting them. If necessary, note the specifics of the game in different modes (AB, RB, SB).'' --><br />
In [[Arcade Battles|Arcade]] and [[Realistic Battles]], the A2D-1 can climb with no extra armament to become top cover for the allied fighters, or alternatively escort bombers to their designation. It can also carry one of its most hard hitting armaments and destroy several ground targets or destroy two bases<!--as of May 2020-->. Though in [[Simulator Battles]] the jittery controls and lack of control make it more akin to a [[B-57B]] fast jet bomber.<br />
<br />
;''Dogfights''<br />
<br />
With its outstanding acceleration and climb-rate the Skyshark can safely assault hostile ground forces and then decide to join the fray, by either assault climbing the closest hostile, relying on its acceleration to gain an energy advantage mid dogfight, or return to allied fighter pack to rejoin their climb. Going straight for the climb from the start will put the A2D at an immense energy advantage should the fight start.<br />
<br />
Preferred combat styles are [[energy fighting]], due its aforementioned acceleration and climb-rate, but also [[BnZ|Boom and Zoom]] for the Skyshark is a heavy weight, note though it can easily reach its terminal velocity and loose all wings, coupled with the slow spool-up-time of the engine from low power, a provident engine and air-brake control is paramount! The G-Suit is a welcomed addition, but will often lead to ripped wings via g-forces in diving maneuvers.<br />
<br />
Combat versus Jets differs amusingly little than versus propeller crafts. After easily gaining an altitude advantage, dive on the hostile and force it to break away (turn), hence losing speed and energy. Three things could happen now.<br />
<br />
# the enemy jet dives - do not try follow too long, your terminal speed is lesser than most jets -> regain altitude,<br />
# the enemy jet runs - hostile didn't lose too much speed, or assumes the A2D<nowiki>'</nowiki>s speed and acceleration to be lesser. If it is the latter -> outpace and kill it,<br />
# the enemy jet breaks more - hostile is either trying to force an overshoot or prepares for a dogfight, either way -> engage in manoeuvre combat.<br />
<br />
Versus propeller fighters one should engage in turnfights, otherwise the Skyshark is most dominant against most WW2 fighters. Few Rank 4 fighters can challenge the A2D on equal terms, so stay sharp.<br />
<br />
;''Strafing''<br />
<br />
The A2D-1 can be a very valuable asset to teams looking to win by destroying ground troops or assaulting the airfield.<br />
However the Skyshark is so heavy weight and hence slugish that every strafing attempt is an inch away from a crash. The momentum change comes later than expected and is more akin to a medium bomber like the [[B-25J-20|B-25]]. One is not surprised the US Navy stuck with the older AD-2, as in the ground attacker role the Skyshark must play a slow game. Take time for every attack run and try to maintain a speed way above 300 km/h IAS with combat flaps. This is a very high velocity for strafing runs, however any less and the plane will not rise above the newly explosive laden ground...<br />
<br />
===Radars===<br />
{{main|AN/APS-19}}<br />
The A2D-1 is equipped with an [[AN/APS-19]] search and tracking radar. The radar is mounted in nose, inside the propeller hub.<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"<br />
! colspan="4" | [[AN/APS-19]] - Target Detection Radar<br />
|-<br />
! {{Annotation|Maximum<br/>Detection<br/>Range|The maximum possible range at which a target can be detected}}<br />
! {{Annotation|Guaranteed<br/>Detection<br/>Range|The range, below which, detection of a target is practically guaranteed}}<br />
! {{Annotation|Max Azimuth<br/>Scan Angle|How far to each side the radar can scan (widest search mode)}}<br />
! {{Annotation|Max Elevation<br/>Scan Angle|How far up and down the radar can scan (widest search mode)}}<br />
|-<br />
| 60,000 m<br />(theoretical) || 7,200 m || ±67.5° || ±67.5°<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="4" | [[AN/APS-19]] - Target Tracking Radar<br />
|-<br />
! {{Annotation|Maximum<br/>Tracking<br/>Range|The maximum range at which a target can be tracked}}<br />
! {{Annotation|Minimum<br/>Tracking<br/>Range|The range below which targets cannot be tracked by the radar}}<br />
! {{Annotation|Azimuth Tracking<br/>Angle|How far to each side the radar can track a target}}<br />
! {{Annotation|Elevation Tracking<br/>Angle|How far up and down the radar can track a target}}<br />
|-<br />
| 1,500 m || 150 m || ±15° || ±15°<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
=== Manual Engine Control ===<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="7" | MEC elements<br />
|-<br />
! rowspan="2" | Mixer<br />
! rowspan="2" | Pitch<br />
! colspan="3" | Radiator<br />
! rowspan="2" | Supercharger<br />
! rowspan="2" | Turbocharger<br />
|-<br />
! Oil !! Water !! Type<br />
|-<br />
| Not controllable || Not controllable<br>Not auto controlled || Not controllable<br>Not auto controlled || Not controllable<br>Not auto controlled || Combined || Not controllable<br>1 gear || Not controllable<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
=== Pros and cons ===<br />
<!-- ''Summarise and briefly evaluate the vehicle in terms of its characteristics and combat effectiveness. Mark its pros and cons in the bulleted list. Try not to use more than 6 points for each of the characteristics. Avoid using categorical definitions such as "bad", "good" and the like - use substitutions with softer forms such as "inadequate" and "effective".'' --><br />
<br />
'''Pros:'''<br />
<br />
* Powerful turboprop dual engines<br />
* Quad 20 mm cannon armament<br />
* Possesses tracking and search Radar<br />
* Impressive payload<br />
* Premium bonuses<br />
* Naval aircraft capable of carrier-landing<br />
* Very low repair cost<br />
<br />
'''Cons:'''<br />
<br />
* Quite sluggish<br />
* Extremely large profile<br />
* Time limit on radar<br />
* Tracking Radar only works at ~ 1 km<br />
* Extremely large profile for an attacker<br />
* Tail of aircraft is fragile<br />
* Extremely loud propulsion system allows for easy detection<br />
<br />
== History ==<br />
<!-- ''Describe the history of the creation and combat usage of the aircraft in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the vehicle and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Vehicle-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>. This section may also include the vehicle's dev blog entry (if applicable) and the in-game encyclopedia description (under <code><nowiki>=== In-game description ===</nowiki></code>, also if applicable).'' --><br />
The Douglas A-1 Skyraider was an impressive aircraft for a piston-driven propeller-powered aircraft which survived into the jet age, being used by the United States Navy, Marine Corps and Air Force and around nine other countries over its 40-year service. Like many aircraft which were successful, they went through many iterations and variants to keep them up to date with new requirements and technology as they came about. In an age where jet aircraft were beginning to overtake propeller-driven aircraft in all aspects of military service, the Bureau of Aeronautics which was the U.S. Navy's material-support organization was looking for a suitable option for an attack aircraft which would be more fuel-efficient than the upcoming jet fighters. To meet the Navy's requirement, Douglas Aircraft looked to their AD Skyraider airframe and considered modifying it to accept a more fuel economical turboprop engine.<br />
<br />
In the early years following the war, jet engines underwent rapid development. This attracted the interest of the US Navy, which sought to arm itself with aircraft that were superior to that of potential opponents in speed, altitude, payload, and flight range.<br />
<br />
As it turned out, jet engines were perfect for fighter aircraft but too "voracious" for strike aircraft, as they significantly reduced their range. The best engineering solution was to introduce the turboprop engine, which was a task the Douglas company undertook.<br />
<br />
Initially, engineers simply wanted to replace the piston engine of the Skyraider attack aircraft with a turboprop engine. However, this led nowhere and the vehicle required significant modification. In the end, the engineers settled on a prototype with Allison Т-40А-2 turboprop engines and coaxial propellers.<br />
<br />
The first flight of the XA2D-1 prototype, called the Skyshark, took place on May 26, 1950, but engine vibration nearly destroyed the aircraft and it was forced to land after only two minutes. By December 1950, the prototype had already completed over a dozen flights. However, a routine flight on December 19, 1950, ended in tragedy. Due to issues with the engine, the vehicle and pilot crashed. Nevertheless, testing continued and, despite the many technical problems that plagued the aircraft, the army ordered 10 pre-production models of the A2D-1. However, on August 5, 1954, another accident occurred when the main gearbox failed, and the aircraft crashed a short distance outside Los Angeles. This time, the pilot managed to escape the aircraft, but the project was closed and it was decided to dismantle any existing prototypes. Apparently, this decision was influenced by the fact that in the same year for the first time Douglas got another project in the air, this later became the famous A4D Skyhawk - a new generation of jets.<br />
<br />
''- From [[wt:en/news/6210-development-douglas-a2d-1-skyshark-wyvern-to-the-max-en|Devblog]]''<br />
<br />
== Media ==<br />
<!-- ''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.'' --><br />
<br />
;Skins<br />
<br />
* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicleCountry=usa&vehicleType=aircraft&vehicleClass=assault&vehicle=a2d Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]<br />
<br />
;Images<br />
<gallery mode="packed" heights="200"><br />
File:A2D-1_WTWallpaper_001.jpg<br />
File:A2D-1_WTWallpaper_002.jpg<br />
File:A2D-1_WTWallpaper_003.jpg<br />
File:A2D-1_WTWallpaper_004.jpg<br />
File:A2D-1_WTWallpaper_005.jpg<br />
</gallery><br />
<br />
;Videos<br />
{{Youtube-gallery|DsUqjuBUWko|'''Is It Worth Your Money? War Thunder 1.89 A2D-1 Commentary''' - ''DEFYN''|Br0MqMHurKQ|'''Jaws With Wings - A2D-1 SkyShark - Ground Forces RB Gameplay''' - ''CyberDeath Gaming''|osh4KS9yodw|'''The Shooting Range #158''' - ''Metal Beasts'' section at 00:35 discusses the {{PAGENAME}}.|vhTZXYk6eao|'''Tank busters''' discusses the {{PAGENAME}} at 1:43 - ''War Thunder Official Channel''}}<br />
<br />
== See also ==<br />
<!-- ''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''<br />
* ''reference to the series of the aircraft;''<br />
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.'' --><br />
<br />
;Related development<br />
<br />
* [[AD-2|AD-2 ''Skyraider'']]<br />
* [[AD-4|AD-4 ''Skyraider'']]<br />
<br />
;Aircraft of comparable role, configuration and era<br />
<br />
* [[Wyvern S4|Westland Wyvern S4]]<br />
* [[P-47M-1-RE|P-47M ''Thunderbolt'']]<br />
<br />
== External links ==<br />
<!-- ''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''<br />
* ''topic on the official game forum;''<br />
* ''other literature.'' --><br />
<br />
* [[wt:en/news/6210-development-douglas-a2d-1-skyshark-wyvern-to-the-max-en|[Devblog] Douglas A2D-1 Skyshark: Wyvern to the Max!]]<br />
* [https://forum.warthunder.com/index.php?/topic/453543-douglas-a2d-1-skyshark/ <nowiki>[Data Sheet]</nowiki> Douglas A2D-1 Skyshark]<br />
* [[wikipedia:Douglas_A2D_Skyshark|[Wikipedia] Douglas A2D Skyshark]]<br />
<br />
{{AirManufacturer Douglas}}<br />
{{USA strike aircraft}}<br />
{{USA premium aircraft}}</div>U100542309https://wiki.warthunder.com/index.php?title=AN/APG-26&diff=113152AN/APG-262021-10-06T01:58:30Z<p>U100542309: /* Pros and cons */</p>
<hr />
<div>==Description==<br />
<!-- Write an introduction to the article in 2-3 small paragraphs. Briefly tell us about the history of the development and combat using the radar and also about its features. Make an air or ground vehicles list on which this radar is installed in our game. --><br />
<br />
The '''AN/APG-26''' is an American [[Airborne Radars|airborne target tracking radar]]. In game it is found fitted in conjunction with the [[AN/APS-21]] target detection (search) radar.<br />
<br />
===Vehicles equipped with this radar===<br />
<!-- List out vehicles that are equipped with the radar. --><br />
<br />
* {{Specs-Link|f3d_1}}<br />
* {{Specs-Link|javelin_fmk9}}<br />
<br />
==General info / usage==<br />
<!-- Tell us about the tactical and technical characteristics of the radar. Describe its distinctive features, tactics of usage against the main opponents. --><br />
<br />
The AN/APG-26 is a target tracking radar so can lock onto targets providing the layer with ranging and closing speed information. It can also provide a firing lead indicator allowing for accurate firing of the player's gun. The radar can lock onto targets at a range of only 4 km, so the AN/APS-21 should be used to detect targets at longer ranges<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"<br />
! colspan="4" | Radar Characteristics<br />
|-<br />
! {{Annotation|Maximum<br/>Tracking<br/>Range|The maximum range at which a target can be tracked}}<br />
! {{Annotation|Minimum<br/>Tracking<br/>Range|The range below which targets cannot be tracked by the radar}}<br />
! {{Annotation|Azimuth Tracking<br/>Angle|How far to each side the radar can track a target}}<br />
! {{Annotation|Elevation Tracking<br/>Angle|How far up and down the radar can track a target}}<br />
|-<br />
| 4,000 m || 150 m || ±60° || ±60°<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
===Comparison with analogues===<br />
<!-- Give a comparative description of similar or related radars. --><br />
Compared the the soviet RP-5 tracking radar the AN/APG-26 has slightly worse minimum and maximum ranges, but wider tracking angles.<br />
<br />
===Pros and cons===<br />
<!-- Summarise and briefly evaluate the radar in terms of its characteristics and combat effectiveness. Mark pros and cons as a list. --><br />
<br />
'''Pros:'''<br />
<br />
* Wide tracking angles<br />
* Gets lead indicator<br />
<br />
'''Cons:'''<br />
<br />
* Slightly worse range than soviet counterpart<br />
<br />
== History ==<br />
<!-- Examine the history of the creation and combat usage of this radar. If the historical reference turns out to be too big, take it to a separate article, taking a link to an article about the radar and adding a block "/ History" (example: https://wiki.warthunder.com/(radar-name)/History) and add a link to it here using the main template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <ref>, as well as adding them at the end of the article. --><br />
<br />
{{Main|AN/APS-21}}<br />
<br />
The AN/APG-26 was developed by the Westinghouse Electric Corporation, along with the [[AN/APS-21]], as part of their AN/APQ-35 radar suite. See the AN/APS-21 page for details.<br />
<br />
== Media ==<br />
''An excellent addition to the article would be a video guide, as well as screenshots from the game and photos.''<br />
<br />
== See also ==<br />
<!-- Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:<br />
reference to the article about the variant of the radar;<br />
references to approximate analogues by other nations and research trees. --><br />
<br />
* [[Airborne Radars]]<br />
* [[AN/APS-21]]<br />
<br />
== External links ==<br />
''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''<br />
<br />
* ''topic on the official game forum;''<br />
* ''encyclopedia page on weapon;''<br />
* ''other literature.''<br />
<br />
[[Category:Radars]]<br />
[[Category:Aircraft radars]]</div>U100542309https://wiki.warthunder.com/index.php?title=PBJ-1H&diff=100948PBJ-1H2021-04-15T17:58:18Z<p>U100542309: /* Defensive armament */</p>
<hr />
<div>{{About<br />
|about=American 75 mm-armed strike aircraft '''{{PAGENAME}}'''<br />
|other<br />
|usage-1=the other variant<br />
|link-1=PBJ-1J<br />
|usage-2=other vehicles of the family<br />
|link-2=B-25 (Family)<br />
}}<br />
{{Specs-Card<br />
|code=pbj_1h<br />
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
== Description ==<br />
<!-- ''In the description, the first part should be about the history of and the creation and combat usage of the aircraft, as well as its key features. In the second part, tell the reader about the aircraft in the game. Insert a screenshot of the vehicle, so that if the novice player does not remember the vehicle by name, he will immediately understand what kind of vehicle the article is talking about.'' --><br />
The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} American strike aircraft {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.41]].<br />
<br />
The PBJ-1H is U.S. Navy variant of the [[B-25J-20|B-25]] which was operated by the U.S. Marine Corps as a ground attacker. This aircraft is a powerful ground strafing machine and due to the weapons package built-in, it can be viewed as a gunship. With eight 12.7 mm machine guns and a 75 mm cannon, most light ground targets such as AAA positions and Artillery positions can be destroyed. The 75 mm T13E1 cannon is similar to the 75 mm M3 on the Sherman tank and shares its powerful support capability. With Armored Targets belt loaded, it can knock out light pillboxes with ease and greater accuracy than bombs in Realistic and Simulator modes. It is even effective against light and medium tanks, although the low fire rate makes it less than ideal for strafing several targets in a short target window. It is recommended to use the virtual cockpit view to aim the main gun. The 12.7 mm guns should be mainly utilized against "soft" targets such as Armored Cars, AAA and Artillery positions, and the 75 mm Gun against hardened targets such as light pillboxes and tanks. That said, the concentrated MG fire can also be used to destroy light pillboxes (with practice), though will require significant ammo usage to do so.<br />
<br />
Despite armament differences, the airframe of the PBJ is still that of the B-25. While this means that it will have a relatively large number of defensive weapons, it also means that it is relatively sluggish compared to other close-support aircraft. It also presents a relatively large and slow-moving, though semi-well-defended target. Beware all variants of the Bell [[P-39N-0|P-39 ''Airacobra'']], [[P-63A-5|P-63 ''Kingcobra'']], [[P-47D-25|P-47 ''Thunderbolt'']], all variants of the [[Me 410 A-1|Me 410s]] and the [[Yak-9T|Yak-9T]]; these aircraft can destroy your aircraft without much difficulty, whereas you will have a difficult time expending numerous 12.7 mm rounds trying to knock them out of the sky or off your tail.<br />
<br />
This aircraft has several weaknesses in which the pilot must be aware of which could be exploited by attacking aircraft. First, the twin rudders in the tail section create gunner dead zones. The rudders will prevent the side gunners and to an extent the dorsal gunner from firing on an enemy attacking from the shadow of either of these two spots. The tail gunner should be able to neutralize this weakness as long as he has not been knocked out. The underside of the aircraft is especially vulnerable as there is no ventral turret and the tail gunner, side gunners only have a limited downward angle in which they can shoot, so it may be best to fly as low as possible in certain circumstances. Even with the great fire-power utilized on this aircraft, the pilot's best bet will be to operate under fighter cover when possible.<br />
<br />
Other differences from the B-25 are the smaller bomb payload, attacker spawn location (lower altitude than bombers) and the lack of a bomb-sight view for precision bombing.<br />
<br />
== General info ==<br />
=== Flight performance ===<br />
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}<br />
<!-- ''Describe how the aircraft behaves in the air. Speed, manoeuvrability, acceleration and allowable loads - these are the most important characteristics of the vehicle.'' --><br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"<br />
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics<br />
! colspan="2" | Max Speed<br>(km/h at 4,390 m)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude<br>(metres)<br />
! colspan="2" | Turn time<br>(seconds)<br />
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb<br>(metres/second)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run<br>(metres)<br />
|-<br />
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB<br />
|-<br />
! Stock<br />
| 429 || 416 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 38.4 || 39.7 || 5.4 || 5.4 || rowspan="2" | 850<br />
|-<br />
! Upgraded<br />
| 477 || 451 || 35.2 || 37.0 || 12.8 || 7.7<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==== Details ====<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="5" | Features<br />
|-<br />
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear<br />
|-<br />
| ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || X || X <!-- ✓ --><br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="7" | Limits<br />
|-<br />
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)<br />
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)<br />
! colspan="2" | Max Static G<br />
|-<br />
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -<br />
|-<br />
| {{Specs|destruction|body}} || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || 382 || 320 || 293 || ~5 || ~2<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)<br />
|-<br />
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator<br />
|-<br />
| < 270 || < 320 || < 350 || > 320<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="3" | Compressor (RB/SB)<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="3" | Setting 1<br />
|-<br />
! Optimal altitude<br />
! 100% Engine power<br />
! WEP Engine power<br />
|-<br />
| 524 m || 3,000 hp || 3,339 hp<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="3" | Setting 2<br />
|-<br />
! Optimal altitude<br />
! 100% Engine power<br />
! WEP Engine power<br />
|-<br />
| 3,700 m || 2,700 hp || 3,005 hp<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
=== Survivability and armour ===<br />
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}<br />
<!-- ''Examine the survivability of the aircraft. Note how vulnerable the structure is and how secure the pilot is, whether the fuel tanks are armoured, etc. Describe the armour, if there is any, and also mention the vulnerability of other critical aircraft systems.'' --><br />
<br />
* 8 mm Steel - Lower nose armour plate<br />
* 8 mm Steel - Pilot and Co-pilot's seats<br />
* 9.5 mm Steel - Fore cockpit armour plate<br />
* 9.5 mm Steel - Side armour cockpit plates<br />
* 9.5 mm Steel - Cockpit rear plate<br />
* 9.5 mm Steel - Dorsal gunner aft plate<br />
* 6.35 mm Steel - Side gunners armour plate x 2<br />
* 9.5 mm Steel - Tail gunner protective armour plate<br />
* 12 mm Bulletproof glass - Dorsal gunner turret<br />
* 38 mm Bulletproof glass - Tail gunner canopy<br />
<br />
Rugged, sturdy, though, the PBJ-1H is all of those things. Featuring crew armour protection that outclasses the [[B-17G-60-VE|B-17 ''Flying Fortress'']] in a handier, smaller design, the PBJ-1 is a tough nut to crack and even harder to devoid of the crew. Calibres above 20 mm are a must for a quick kill, otherwise, the PBJ-1H will repay in kind. Forgoing all defence is good, but all offence, too? It is called overkill, of the pursuit fighter.<br />
<br />
The two Wright R-2600 air-cooled radial engines are themself hard to destroy and with dropped payload, the PBJ will just keep flying on a single damaged one. Denying under armed fighters the ability to lethally cripple it. Yet this aircraft has got one downside: Fuel tanks. While present in all planes, the armour, crew and bomb bay take up all the fuselage. Leaving only space in the wings. A common cause of the crash is hence a fire and thus a structural failure of the wing spar.<br />
<br />
=== Modifications and economy ===<br />
{{Specs-Economy}}<br />
<br />
== Armaments ==<br />
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}<br />
=== Offensive armament ===<br />
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}<br />
<!-- ''Describe the offensive armament of the aircraft, if any. Describe how effective the cannons and machine guns are in a battle, and also what belts or drums are better to use. If there is no offensive weaponry, delete this subsection.'' --><br />
{{main|T13E1 (75 mm)|M2 Browning (12.7 mm)}}<br />
<br />
The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:<br />
<br />
* 1 x 75 mm T13E1 cannon (21 rounds)<br />
* 4 x 12.7 mm M2 Browning machine guns, nose-mounted (400 rpg = 1,600 total)<br />
* 4 x 12.7 mm M2 Browning machine guns, cheek-mounted (400 rpg = 1,600 total)<br />
<br />
=== Suspended armament ===<br />
{{Specs-Avia-Suspended}}<br />
<!-- ''Describe the aircraft's suspended armament: additional cannons under the wings, bombs, rockets and torpedoes. This section is especially important for bombers and attackers. If there is no suspended weaponry remove this subsection.'' --><br />
{{main|AN-M30A1 (100 lb)|AN-M57 (250 lb)|AN-M64A1 (500 lb)}}<br />
<br />
The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance:<br />
<br />
* Without load<br />
* 12 x 100 lb AN-M30A1 bombs (1,200 lb total)<br />
* 8 x 250 lb AN-M57 bombs (2,000 lb total)<br />
* 4 x 500 lb AN-M64A1 bombs (2,000 lb total)<br />
<br />
=== Defensive armament ===<br />
{{Specs-Avia-Defensive}}<br />
<!-- ''Defensive armament with turret machine guns or cannons, crewed by gunners. Examine the number of gunners and what belts or drums are better to use. If defensive weaponry is not available, remove this subsection.'' --><br />
{{main|M2 Browning (12.7 mm)}}<br />
<br />
The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is defended by:<br />
<br />
* 2 x 12.7 mm M2 Browning machine guns, dorsal turret (400 rpg = 800 total)<br />
* 2 x 12.7 mm M2 Browning machine guns, tail turret (600 rpg = 1,200 total)<br />
* 1 x 12.7 mm M2 Browning machine gun, 2 x beam turrets (250 rpg)<br />
<br />
== Usage in battles ==<br />
<!-- ''Describe the tactics of playing in the aircraft, the features of using aircraft in a team and advice on tactics. Refrain from creating a "guide" - do not impose a single point of view, but instead, give the reader food for thought. Examine the most dangerous enemies and give recommendations on fighting them. If necessary, note the specifics of the game in different modes (AB, RB, SB).'' --><br />
<br />
The best way to destroy tanks with the 75 mm cannon is to use first-person pilot view which reduces parallax because you are closer to the level of the cannon, allowing for the crosshairs to be more accurate. The shells will almost always penetrate an enemy vehicle, so shoot at the points where the crew is in mixed battles.<br />
<br />
=== Manual Engine Control ===<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="7" | MEC elements<br />
|-<br />
! rowspan="2" | Mixer<br />
! rowspan="2" | Pitch<br />
! colspan="3" | Radiator<br />
! rowspan="2" | Supercharger<br />
! rowspan="2" | Turbocharger<br />
|-<br />
! Oil !! Water !! Type<br />
|-<br />
| Controllable || Controllable<br>Not auto controlled || Not controllable<br>Not auto controlled || Controllable<br>Auto control available || Separate || Controllable<br>2 gears || Not controllable<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
=== Pros and cons ===<br />
<!-- ''Summarise and briefly evaluate the vehicle in terms of its characteristics and combat effectiveness. Mark its pros and cons in the bulleted list. Try not to use more than 6 points for each of the characteristics. Avoid using categorical definitions such as "bad", "good" and the like - use substitutions with softer forms such as "inadequate" and "effective".'' --><br />
<br />
'''Pros:'''<br />
<br />
* Immense firepower in the form of eight 12.7 mm machine guns and a 75 mm cannon in the nose<br />
* Excellent defensive firepower, utilizing most of the B-25's gun positions<br />
* Durable airframe which can withstand numerous hits before going down<br />
* Tricycle landing gear makes takeoff and landing easier<br />
* 75 mm AP-T shells have 50 g of explosive filler, so side-shots into vehicles are mostly one-shot eliminations<br />
<br />
'''Cons:'''<br />
<br />
* 75 mm cannon fires so slow that it is usually impossible to destroy more than 2 tanks when passing over a convoy<br />
* Recoil from 75 mm cannon will literally yank the entire plane's nose off-target<br />
* Default belt for 75mm cannon alternates between HE and APT shells, giving mixed results<br />
* Payload is limited compared to B-25 Mitchell and configured as a dive bomber rather than a level bomber<br />
* Performance is sluggish at best<br />
* Twin tails create a blind spot for gunners, a trait carried by the B-25 family<br />
<br />
== History ==<br />
<!-- ''Describe the history of the creation and combat usage of the aircraft in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the vehicle and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Vehicle-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>. This section may also include the vehicle's dev blog entry (if applicable) and the in-game encyclopedia description (under <code><nowiki>=== In-game description ===</nowiki></code>, also if applicable).'' --><br />
<br />
The US Navy and Marine Corps received large numbers of B-25 Mitchell bombers from the USAAF after a mid-1942 deal between the two services. A total of 248 PBJ-1H bombers were acquired by the Navy and Marine Corps.<br />
<br />
The PBJ-1H was a navalized variant of the B-25H Mitchell bomber. Marine Corps PBJ-1H bombers were heavily modified, with an AN/APS-3 search radar in a radome on the starboard wingtip, an AN/APN-4 Loran receiver, APK-2 IFF, AN/APN-1 altimeter, SCR-522A VHF radio, ARN-8 marker beacon, C-1 automatic pilot, ATC radio transmitter, ARB receiver, YC-2B receiver, BC-348 liaison receiver, and the AN/APG-13A "Falcon" 75mm radar gun director.<br />
<br />
The PBJ-1H was manned by a crew of seven. There was the pilot, co-pilot, navigator, two radio-gunners, a mechanic-turret gunner, and an armorer-turret gunner. The armament consisted of eight forward-firing .50 cal machine guns, and six turret and waist .50 cal machine guns, for a total of 14 .50 cal machine guns.<br />
<br />
The Marine Corps used PBJ Mitchells as land-based bombers. By the end of 1943, the Marine Corps was operating PBJs in eight squadrons, with four more squadrons being formed (these squadrons were not operational by the end of the war). These squadrons of PBJs were first operationally deployed in 1944, and they were mainly used to interdict enemy shipping while operating out of the Philippines, Saipan, Iwo Jima, and Okinawa towards the end of the war.<br />
<br />
== Media ==<br />
''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.''<br />
<br />
== See also ==<br />
<!-- ''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''<br />
* ''reference to the series of the aircraft;''<br />
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.'' --><br />
<br />
;Aircraft of comparable role, configuration and era<br />
<br />
* de Havilland [[Mosquito (Family)|Mosquito]]<br />
* Douglas [[DB-7 (Family)|DB-7]] and its many derivatives (such as [[A-20G-25|A-20G]])<br />
* Douglas [[A-26 (Family)|A-26 ''Invader'']]<br />
* Tupolev [[Tu-2 (Family)|Tu-2]]<br />
<br />
;Other B-25 variants in-game<br />
<br />
* [[B-25J-1]] - In-game early version of B-25J, one less nose-mounted machine gun compared to J-20.<br />
* [[B-25J-20]] - Very little difference between the J-1 and J-20, an additional nose-mounted machine gun, slight armour difference.<br />
* [[B-25J-30_(China)|B-25J-30]] (Chinese lend-lease) - Virtually same as J-20 variant.<br />
* [[B-25J-30_(USSR)|B-25J-30]] (Soviet lend-lease) - Same as Chinese lend-lease version with the exception it utilises Soviet bombs.<br />
* [[PBJ-1J]] - U.S. Marine variant - Identical to PBJ-1H in-flight characteristics and bomb loadout, no 75 mm cannon, a total of 12 nose-mounted machine guns. Lower service ceiling, reduced bomb load compared to J-1, J-20 and J-30 variants, increased armour around the cockpit.<br />
<br />
== External links ==<br />
<!--''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''<br />
<br />
* ''topic on the official game forum;''<br />
* ''encyclopedia page on the aircraft;''<br />
* ''other literature.''--><br />
<br />
* [https://forum.warthunder.com/index.php?/topic/474943-pbj-1h/ Official data sheet - more details about the performance]<br />
<br />
{{AirManufacturer NAA}}<br />
{{USA strike aircraft}}</div>U100542309https://wiki.warthunder.com/index.php?title=M18_GMC&diff=92844M18 GMC2021-02-03T16:50:13Z<p>U100542309: /* Pros and cons */</p>
<hr />
<div>{{About<br />
| about = American tank destroyer '''{{PAGENAME}}'''<br />
| usage = other uses<br />
| link = M18 Hellcat (Family)<br />
}}<br />
{{Specs-Card<br />
|code=us_m18_hellcat<br />
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
== Description ==<br />
<!-- ''In the description, the first part should be about the history of the creation and combat usage of the vehicle, as well as its key features. In the second part, tell the reader about the ground vehicle in the game. Insert a screenshot of the vehicle, so that if the novice player does not remember the vehicle by name, he will immediately understand what kind of vehicle the article is talking about.'' --><br />
The '''{{Specs|name}}''', also known as the '''{{Specs|pseudonym}}''', is a rank {{Specs|rank}} American tank destroyer {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.49 "Weapons of Victory"]]. The M18 "Hellcat" was the epitome of the American tank destroyer doctrine, it was very fast, very mobile, and has a powerful gun, though with a large trade-off with only 12.7 mm (0.5 inches) of armour.<br />
<br />
The M18 "Hellcat" compensates the lack of anti-tank capability on U.S vehicles by having access to a 76 mm gun with APCR ammunition, all in the battle rating of 5.7. This makes the M18 able to fight off many of the high-ranking vehicles it could face like the [[Panther D|Panther D]], [[Tiger H1|Tiger H1]], [[KV-1_(ZiS-5)|KV-1]], [[KV-85]], and [[IS-1]].<br />
<br />
Unlike the other tank destroyers known in the game, the M18 "Hellcat" has access to a 360° traversable turret, allowing players to have a greater arc of fire than a typical casemate tank destroyer like the [[StuG III G|StuG III]], but at the expense of a slightly higher profile. Americans tank destroyers also have very high manoeuvrability compared to other nation's tank destroyers, allowing it to flank the enemy.<br />
<br />
The main weak point of M18 is its very thin armour, a feature that actually allows the M18 to reach its high speed. The thin armour makes it possible for any enemy tanks to penetrate the vehicle. A single hit would destroy many critical components in the M18 or cripple the crew. The only saving grace with this extremely thin ammunition is that standard AP rounds may over-penetrate the armour, doing minimal damage to the internals. Thus, when facing the M18, it's best to use AP rounds with explosive fillers or HE and HEAT rounds while avoiding usage of pure AP rounds and APCR.<br />
<br />
== General info ==<br />
=== Survivability and armour ===<br />
{{Specs-Tank-Armour}}<br />
<!-- ''Describe armour protection. Note the most well protected and key weak areas. Appreciate the layout of modules as well as the number and location of crew members. Is the level of armour protection sufficient, is the placement of modules helpful for survival in combat? If necessary use a visual template to indicate the most secure and weak zones of the armour.'' --><br />
'''Armour type:'''<br />
<br />
* Rolled homogeneous armour<br />
* Cast homogeneous armour (Gun mantlet)<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|-<br />
! Armour !! Front (Slope angle) !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof<br />
|-<br />
| Hull || 12.7 mm (39-64°) ''Front glacis'' <br> 12.7 mm (23-52°) ''Lower glacis'' || 12.7 mm (23-26°) ''Top'' <br> 12.7 mm ''Bottom'' || 12.7 mm (12°) ''Top'' <br> 12.7 mm (36°) ''Bottom'' || 8 mm<br />
|-<br />
| Turret || 25.4 mm (15-26°) ''Turret front'' <br> 19 mm + 25.4 mm (0-55°) ''Gun mantlet''|| 12.7 mm (1-21°) || 12.7 mm (7°) || N/A ''Open-top'' <br> 8 mm ''Bustle and Front''<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
'''Notes:'''<br />
<br />
* Suspension wheels and tracks are 15 mm thick.<br />
* Belly armour is 5 mm thick.<br />
* The hull underside right above the tracks are only 8 mm thick.<br />
* Tracks are attached the turret rear, granting some 15 mm in thickness.<br />
<br />
=== Mobility ===<br />
{{Specs-Tank-Mobility}}<br />
<!-- ''Write about the mobility of the ground vehicle. Estimate the specific power and manoeuvrability, as well as the maximum speed forwards and backwards.'' --><br />
<br />
{{tankMobility|abMinHp=568|rbMinHp=354}}<br />
<br />
=== Modifications and economy ===<br />
{{Specs-Economy}}<br />
<br />
As with every ground vehicle, Parts and FPE are an absolute top priority. Following that, depending on player preferences, one of 3 should be researched: Horizontal Drive (close-range, flanking), Suspension (medium-range) or Adjustment of Fire (long-range of a typical engagements). Following this the goal is to get rank IV mobility improvements in order Filters -> Engine -> Transmission. On rank III, along the way, the Crew Replenishment should be prioritized, as its an open-top vehicle, so it will suffer significant causalities from enemy airplanes. If your preferred engagement range is above 700m then the Elevation Mechanism should be researched. Otherwise: Mobility upgrades are the most important, shells are the lowest priority, as even the situational advantage of the M93 shot is not worth researching over improved mobility, or even accuracy.<br />
<br />
== Armaments ==<br />
{{Specs-Tank-Armaments}}<br />
=== Main armament ===<br />
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|1}}<br />
<!-- ''Give the reader information about the characteristics of the main gun. Assess its effectiveness in a battle based on the reloading speed, ballistics and the power of shells. Do not forget about the flexibility of the fire, that is how quickly the cannon can be aimed at the target, open fire on it and aim at another enemy. Add a link to the main article on the gun: <code><nowiki>{{main|Name of the weapon}}</nowiki></code>. Describe in general terms the ammunition available for the main gun. Give advice on how to use them and how to fill the ammunition storage.'' --><br />
{{main|M1 (76 mm)}}<br />
<br />
76 mm M1 is an extremely capable gun with a high damage potential and a very good gun handling. It can be found on tanks used up to battle rating 6.0, making it one of the most widely used guns throughout the battle ratings and with M18 being the first tanks to use it - it gives it a very high staying power throughout battle ratings. Once upgraded, the turret has very fair guidance in both: horizontal and vertical axis allowing to quickly catch pot-shots, though given exceptional mobility of the platform even it struggles to catch up with the near-instant hull rotation.<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="5" | [[M1 (76 mm)|76 mm M1]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)<br />
|-<br />
! Mode !! Capacity !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer<br />
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced<br />
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced<br />
|-<br />
! ''Arcade''<br />
| rowspan="2" | 45 || rowspan="2" | -10°/+20° || rowspan="2" | ±180° || rowspan="2" | N/A || 21.13 || 29.25 || 35.52 || 39.28 || 41.79 || rowspan="2" | 7.93 || rowspan="2" | 7.02 || rowspan="2" | 6.47 || rowspan="2" | 6.10<br />
|-<br />
! ''Realistic''<br />
| 14.28 || 16.80 || 20.40 || 22.56 || 24.00<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==== Ammunition ====<br />
M18 comes with an exceptionally good stock shell, allowing it to unleash its full potential pretty much right off the bat. Additional unlocks are more specialized.<br />
<br />
* M62 shell - {{Annotation|APCBC|Armour-Piercing Capped Ballistic Capped}} - The best anti-tank shell, also the stock round. It has very good penetration and an excellent post-penetration effect.<br />
* M42A1 shell - {{Annotation|HE|High-Explosive fragmentation shell}} - The best round for dealing with unarmored targets or unarmored sections of vehicles. It should be used carefully, as everything over 10 mm armour can negate its effects. Typically M62 is superior.<br />
* M79 shot - {{Annotation|AP|Armour-Piercing}} - Round inferior in every way to the M62, it's in-game largely for historical reasons.<br />
* M93 shot - {{Annotation|APCR|Armour-Piercing Composite Rigid shell}} - Round trades a significantly lower post-penetration effect for a 20% increase in penetration and flatter flight path.<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"<br />
! colspan="8" | Penetration statistics<br />
|-<br />
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition<br />
! rowspan="2" | Type of<br>warhead<br />
! colspan="6" | '''Penetration @ 0° Angle of Attack (mm)'''<br />
|-<br />
! 10 m !! 100 m !! 500 m !! 1,000 m !! 1,500 m !! 2,000 m<br />
|-<br />
| M62 shell || APCBC || 149 || 146 || 133 || 119 || 106 || 95<br />
|-<br />
| M42A1 shell || HE || 7 || 7 || 7 || 7 || 7 || 7<br />
|-<br />
| M79 shot || AP || 134 || 132 || 121 || 109 || 99 || 89<br />
|-<br />
| M93 shot || APCR || 190 || 186 || 167 || 146 || 128 || 112<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"<br />
! colspan="10" | Shell details<br />
|-<br />
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition<br />
! rowspan="2" | Type of<br>warhead<br />
! rowspan="2" | Velocity<br>(m/s)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Projectile<br>Mass (kg)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Fuse delay<br>(m)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Fuse sensitivity<br>(mm)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Explosive Mass<br>(TNT equivalent) (g)<br />
! colspan="3" | Ricochet<br />
|-<br />
! 0% !! 50% !! 100%<br />
|-<br />
| M62 shell || APCBC || 792 || 7 || 1.2 || 14 || 63.7 || 48° || 63° || 71°<br />
|-<br />
| M42A1 shell || HE || 800 || 5.84 || 0 || 0.1 || 390 || 79° || 80° || 81°<br />
|-<br />
| M79 shot || AP || 792 || 6.8 || N/A || N/A || N/A || 47° || 60° || 65°<br />
|-<br />
| M93 shot || APCR || 1,036 || 4.22 || N/A || N/A || N/A || 66° || 70° || 72°<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"<br />
! colspan="7" | Smoke shell characteristics<br />
|-<br />
! Ammunition<br />
! Velocity<br>(m/s)<br />
! Projectile<br>Mass (kg)<br />
! Screen radius<br>(m)<br />
! Screen deploy time<br>(s)<br />
! Screen hold time<br>(s)<br />
! Explosive Mass<br>(TNT equivalent) (g)<br />
|-<br />
| M88 || 274 || 3.44 || 13 || 5 || 20 || 50<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==== [[Ammo racks]] ====<br />
[[File:Ammoracks_{{PAGENAME}}.png|right|thumb|x250px|[[Ammo racks]] of the {{PAGENAME}}]]<br />
<!-- '''Last updated:''' --><br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"<br />
|-<br />
! Full<br>ammo<br />
! 1st<br>rack empty<br />
! 2nd<br>rack empty<br />
! 3rd<br>rack empty<br />
! 4th<br>rack empty<br />
! 5th<br>rack empty<br />
! Visual<br>discrepancy<br />
|-<br />
| '''45''' || 37&nbsp;''(+8)'' || 27&nbsp;''(+18)'' || 17&nbsp;''(+28)'' || 9&nbsp;''(+36)'' || 1&nbsp;''(+44)'' || No<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
Turret empty: 37&nbsp;''(+8)''<br />
<br />
When fighting in downtiers it's best to take only 17 shells, which allows the turret and sides of the tank to be empty of shells, notably increasing survivability. Otherwise, it doesn't matter how many rounds are loaded, as most hits against the tank will prove deadly regardless.<br />
<br />
=== Machine guns ===<br />
{{Specs-Tank-Weapon|2}}<br />
<!-- ''Offensive and anti-aircraft machine guns not only allow you to fight some aircraft but also are effective against lightly armoured vehicles. Evaluate machine guns and give recommendations on its use.'' --><br />
{{main|M2HB (12.7 mm)}}<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="5" | [[M2HB (12.7 mm)|12.7 mm M2HB]]<br />
|-<br />
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal<br />
|-<br />
| Pintle || 800 (200) || 576 || -10°/+70° || ±60°<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
== Usage in battles ==<br />
<!-- ''Describe the tactics of playing in the vehicle, the features of using vehicles in the team and advice on tactics. Refrain from creating a "guide" - do not impose a single point of view but instead give the reader food for thought. Describe the most dangerous enemies and give recommendations on fighting them. If necessary, note the specifics of the game in different modes (AB, RB, SB).'' --><br />
Before all, avoid colourful or bright decals. Camouflage is the main part of the M18's defence. Chances for good performance in battle are: be "invisible", fast and effective.<br />
<br />
The M18's speed is its best ally. This speed has to be used for flanking manoeuvres and relocate. Not for trying to cross an open field, that will leave it open to enemy fire, speed is not a substitute for armour.<br />
<br />
'''Relocate:'''<br />
<br />
* This movement will have to be done again and again. Choose a good spot wisely, remove the foliage if necessary to get a clear field of fire. When in the fire spot, use the gun depression and stay in a hull-down position until a target is located. Once a target is locked on, aim at critical components. Try to immobilize the enemy by firing at the engine or transmission, or remove their firepower by shooting the gun or breech, or for instant destruction with a shot to the ammo storage. The last option can work very well or not, as skilled players only carry a few rounds of ammo.<br />
<br />
* If positive that the enemy hasn't discovered the firing spot, go for another shot. Stay attentive that none of the enemy's teammates has also located the firing spot. If detected, hide immediately and relocate.<br />
<br />
'''Flanking:'''<br />
<br />
* Flanking is the most dangerous manoeuvre of all because the vehicle will have to be exposed as it moves to the enemy's rear, but it is very effective when it's coordinated with other vehicles. A distraction is needed to gain the enemy's attention while the M18 makes its move. Isolated enemy units are very vulnerable to this tactic. Using the M18 speed to get to the rear and as the enemy heads toward the objective, the firing perspective should give a very clear view of the enemy's side armour. A good shot with the M62 APCBC shell could knock out the enemy rather quickly, but if using solid AP shots like the M79, aim at critical components on mobility and firepower before knocking out the crew or ammo stowage.<br />
<br />
'''Avoid flat terrain'''<br />
<br />
* Flat terrain means that the Hellcat will become an easy target for virtually any vehicle by exposure, especially when not moving or when moving in a straight line. Open plains are the bane of the Hellcat. Whenever possible, one should try to stay amongst hills.<br />
<br />
=== Pros and cons ===<br />
<!-- ''Summarise and briefly evaluate the vehicle in terms of its characteristics and combat effectiveness. Mark its pros and cons in a bulleted list. Try not to use more than 6 points for each of the characteristics. Avoid using categorical definitions such as "bad", "good" and the like - use substitutions with softer forms such as "inadequate" and "effective".'' --><br />
<br />
'''Pros:'''<br />
<br />
* Overall mobility is superb, with very responsive manoeuvring that allows the Hellcat to excel in flanking manoeuvres<br />
* Fast reload speed and turret traverse<br />
* Stock APCBC round has great penetration and lots of explosive fillers, rarely requiring more than one penetrating shot to kill common tanks like M4, Cromwell, [[Tiger H1]] or [[Panzer V Panther (Family)|Panther]]<br />
* Low profile, reducing target size and allows it to hide behind small bushes or rocks easily<br />
* The nature of its thin armour means AP rounds have a tendency to pass straight through without damaging modules, and an APHE fuze may not even be triggered. For example the Russian 122mm will over-penetrate, dealing little damage<br />
* Is one of, if not the best, vehicle at climbing hills, particularly at steep angles<br />
<br />
'''Cons:'''<br />
<br />
* Thin armour means rapid-fire autocannons, heavy machine guns, and aerial weapons could easily shred it. Beware of the [[R3 T20 FA-HS]], [[IL-2 (Family)|IL-2]] and [[ZSD63]]!<br />
* Commander is exposed at the 0.50 calibre machine gun mount, and knocking him out would render the weapon useless<br />
* Open-top construction means aerial strikes and artillery could rain havoc onto the crew<br />
* Gun has poor penetration in an uptier, often can't penetrate anything frontally unless hitting a weak spot. The [[Ho-Ri Production|Ho-Ri]], [[Tiger II (H)]] and [[M26 (Family)|M26]] are frontally immune to this 76mm M1.<br />
* A moment of immobility due to a damaged engine or transmission could be a sign of impending doom for the M18<br />
* Hull-break mechanics mean any explosions, HEAT or well-aimed AP round could instantly destroy the vehicle<br />
<br />
== History ==<br />
<!-- ''Describe the history of the creation and combat usage of the vehicle in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the vehicle and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Vehicle-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>. This section may also include the vehicle's dev blog entry (if applicable) and the in-game encyclopedia description (under <code><nowiki>=== In-game description ===</nowiki></code>, also if applicable).'' --><br />
<br />
===US Tank Destroyer Doctrine===<br />
The self-propelled anti-tank doctrine established by the US military called for fast, powerful vehicles able to stop the German blitzkrieg tactics by ambushing the attacking tank forces. This doctrine, known as the "Tank Destroyer Doctrine", called for anti-tank forces to be held in reserve to blunt the massed Panzer attacks that many in the War Department believed was the key to German victory in France in 1940. The concentration of antitank weaponry away from the frontline was eventually determined to be an unnecessary weakness, and the solution was to keep a few anti-tank guns in the front-line as the first defence, while a large reserve of mobile tank destroyers would move in at the location where a German tank breakthrough is happening to ambush and destroy the enemy forces. This role led to the desire for a fast vehicle with a powerful gun and mobility. Minimal emphasis was placed on armour, as the doctrinal role of tank destroyers was to respond rapidly to an enemy armoured breakthrough; heavy armour would only hinder a timely response. The development of a purpose-built tank destroyer languished in bureaucratic limbo for the early years of the war (a delay caused by poor designs such as the M5 Cletrac and bureaucratic infighting between the various departmental cliques), and consequently, the majority of self-propelled tank destroyers were expedients derived from the M4 Sherman chassis. The most common tank destroyer was the [[M10 GMC|M10 GMC]], made from the [[M4A2|M4 Sherman]] hull and armed with a 3-inch M1918 gun. Although perfectly capable and welcome addition for frontline forces, it was no faster than an ordinary Sherman tank. The tank destroyers would in 1944 finally receive their purpose-built self-propelled tank destroyer in 1944: the M18 Hellcat.<ref name="ZalogaM18" /><br />
<br />
===Development===<br />
The origin of the M18 design came as early as December 1941 with the requirement of a Christie suspension and a 37 mm gun. This requirement called for a radical new tank design rather than a derivative of the [[M4|M4 Sherman]]. These requirements changed as the war progressed, the first change was to the new and innovative Torsion bar suspension from Buick Motor Division from General Motors and another change was to mount the British [[Ordnance_QF_6-pounder_Mk.III_(57_mm)|QF 6-pounder gun]] then in use on their [[Churchill_Mk_III|Churchill Mark III]] tanks, the developed prototype vehicle was called the ''T49 GMC''. Then the US Army wanted the heavier [[M3_(75_mm)|75 mm gun]] used on the Shermans on it, this prototype was designated the ''T67 GMC''. Finally, the army decided to mount the [[M1_(76_mm)|76 mm gun]] also in development for the Sherman onto the prototype, now known as ''T70 GMC''. Changes to hull shape and turret took place to accommodate all these new requirements and armament, but it eventually was approved for service and finally renamed as the '''M18 GMC''' and started production in mid-1943, which went on until ending in October 1944 with 2,507 units produced. A variant called the ''M39 Armored Utility Vehicle'' was also produced, its turret was removed for space for cargo, 8 personnel, or to tow guns.<br />
<br />
===Combat usage===<br />
These vehicles saw combat debut in the summer of 1944, where they are given the unofficial nickname '''"Hellcat"''' by the crews using them. Unlike the [[M10 GMC|M10 tank destroyer]] that was built before it, the M18 GMC was purely made for emphasis on speed. Armour was restricted down to a maximum of 1-inch (25 mm) on the turret front while the rest of the body plating is a measly .50-inches thick (12.7 mm). The turret was also an open-top design similar to the M10 tank destroyer, meaning the crew are left exposed to the elements and enemy fire and shrapnel. These faults were mitigated by the fact that as its role as a tank destroyer, it was to have minimum contact with infantry and ambush enemy tanks in concealed position rather than face them in an offensive operation. Nevertheless, the M18 GMC was well-liked by the crew for its 76 mm cannon, which allows it to destroy the newer German [[Tiger H1|Tiger Is]] and [[Panther D|Panthers]] tanks from the front with HVAP ammo (though the Panther at close range only) when unable to flank around to the side or rear of these tanks. The speed was also astounding, reaching 55 miles per hour maximum, this makes the M18 GMC the fastest armoured fighting vehicle in World War II.<br />
<br />
While use in the Pacific theatre was limited due to the inadequate armour of Japanese tanks, it saw most of its service in the European theatre against Nazi Germany. Due to the lack in armour and emphasis on speed, the M18 crews utilize the "shoot and scoot" tactic in attacking the enemy from one position and quickly move to another before the enemy could find their initial firing position, this tactic confuses the German tanks, and could even lead them to believe there is more armoured enemy than what it appears. The M18 GMCs were present during the Battle of Arracourt in France as the 704th Tank Destroyer Battalion. Lt. Edwin Leiper led an M18 platoon of C Company and in the battle knocked a total of 15 German tanks for the loss of three M18; six of these German tank kills, most of which were Panthers, were credited to one M18 led by Sgt Henry R. Hartman. The M18 also played a crucial part in the Battle of the Bulge, where its top speed of 55 mph was finally put to good use in bypassing the enemy forces. Four M18 tank destroyers of the 705th Tank Destroyer Battalion assisted the 506th Parachute Infantry Regiment in attacking the 2nd Panzer Divison and their support to kill the fuel lines to the German tanks. The overall attack had the M18 GMC credited with at least 24 tank kills of the 30 total inflicted in the attack.<br />
<br />
===Legacy===<br />
Overall, the M18 GMC proved itself by having the highest kill-to-loss ratio to any other tanks and tank destroyer in American service, making it the most effective tank destroyer in American service. However, like its other tank destroyer brethren, it soon found itself obsolete along with the entire tank destroyer doctrine. Mainly due to increasing prevalence of well-armoured tanks that could do its job more efficiently such as the [[M26|M26 Pershing]], but also the lack of German AFVs at the time of the war and a study on ammo usage indicates that the tank destroyers spent more time supporting infantry with high-explosive shells than killing tanks with armour-piercing, rendering the anti-tank section an unnecessary component in the modernizing armoured forces.<br />
<br />
Today, some countries in the world such as Yugoslavia still have the M18 Hellcats in reserves.<br />
<br />
=== In-game description ===<br />
A self-propelled artillery/tank destroyer mount based on the M24 tank. It was part of the American arsenal during World War II. It was produced from the middle of 1943 to October, 1944 and was used in combat operations in Italy and northern Europe. Its primary gun was the M1 76mm cannon, as was the case with late-model Sherman tanks. This tank destroyer featured very light armor, but the M18 was nevertheless the fastest armored vehicle in World War II.<br />
<br />
The Hellcat was the most effective anti-tank SPG in the American army despite its extreme vulnerability and the fact that its 76mm cannon was unable to penetrate the armor of late German tanks. The vehicle stood out for its speed and maneuverability. Able to accelerate and change direction quickly, the Hellcat could easily outflank German tanks or even get behind them, whereas the rotation speed of the German tanks was not fast enough to attack the M18 and the M1 cannon could penetrate the enemy's weak points with relative ease.<br />
<br />
== Media ==<br />
<!-- ''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.'' --><br />
<br />
;Skins<br />
<br />
* [http://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?q=%23m18 Skins and camouflages for the M18 Hellcat series from live.warthunder.com.]<br />
<br />
;Videos<br />
{{Youtube-gallery|MMbI22Uya8A|A M18 Hellcat at the Big Sandy Shootout in 2011}}<br />
<br />
== See also ==<br />
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''<br />
<br />
* ''reference to the series of the vehicles;''<br />
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''<br />
<br />
== External links ==<br />
<!-- ''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''<br />
* ''topic on the official game forum;''<br />
* ''encyclopedia page on the tank;''<br />
* ''other literature.'' --><br />
<br />
* [https://warthunder.com/en/devblog/current/760/ [Devblog<nowiki>]</nowiki> M18 and M18 'Black Cat']<br />
* [https://warthunder.com/en/news/3448/current/ [Vehicle Profile<nowiki>]</nowiki> As fast as deadly: The M18 Hellcat]<br />
* [http://warthunder.com/en/news/3772-profile-m18-gun-motor-carriage-hellcat-en/ [Profile<nowiki>]</nowiki> M18 Gun Motor Carriage – Hellcat]<br />
<br />
=== References ===<br />
<references><br />
<ref name="ZalogaM18">Zaloga Steven. ''M18 Hellcat Tank Destroyer 1943-97'' Great Britain: Osprey Publishing Ltd., 2004</ref><br />
</references><br />
<br />
{{TankManufacturer Buick}}<br />
{{USA tank destroyers}}</div>U100542309https://wiki.warthunder.com/index.php?title=A-26B-10&diff=92005A-26B-102021-01-25T23:08:10Z<p>U100542309: /* Usage in battles */</p>
<hr />
<div>{{About<br />
|about=American attacker '''{{PAGENAME}}'''<br />
|usage=other variants<br />
|link=A-26 (Family)<br />
}}<br />
{{Specs-Card<br />
|code=a-26b_10<br />
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
== Description ==<br />
<!-- ''In the description, the first part should be about the history of and the creation and combat usage of the aircraft, as well as its key features. In the second part, tell the reader about the aircraft in the game. Insert a screenshot of the vehicle, so that if the novice player does not remember the vehicle by name, he will immediately understand what kind of vehicle the article is talking about.'' --><br />
The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} American attacker {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.71 "New E.R.A."]].<br />
<br />
The A-26 ''Invader'' is an excellent ground attack aircraft, boasting 6 nose-mounted M2 Browning .50 cal machine guns, as well as a potential payload of up to 4,000 lbs worth of bombs (4 x 1,000 lbs). The Invader also sports two dual-M2 Browning machine gun turrets, remote controlled by a gunner located in the rear section of the aircraft, that flawlessly track aircraft transitioning in the vertical.<br />
<br />
In addition, later upgrades of this particular A-26 model grant the user the ability to use a nose-mounted M4 37 mm cannon, at the expense of two of the .50 cals.<br />
<br />
The Invader's strengths over many similar dual-engine aircraft is a surprising punch that it packs, especially when the 37 mm cannon is equipped, which can possibly turn the attacker into a fearsome, yet cumbersome blitzer due to its incredible speed.<br />
<br />
== General info ==<br />
=== Flight performance ===<br />
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}<br />
<!-- ''Describe how the aircraft behaves in the air. Speed, manoeuvrability, acceleration and allowable loads - these are the most important characteristics of the vehicle.'' --><br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"<br />
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics<br />
! colspan="2" | Max Speed<br>(km/h at 4,573 m)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude<br>(metres)<br />
! colspan="2" | Turn time<br>(seconds)<br />
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb<br>(metres/second)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run<br>(metres)<br />
|-<br />
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB<br />
|-<br />
! Stock<br />
| 554 || 541 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 31.1 || 32.0 || 9.9 || 9.8 || rowspan="2" | 1,000<br />
|-<br />
! Upgraded<br />
| 596 || 576 || 29.1 || 30.0 || 14.2 || 12.0<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==== Details ====<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="5" | Features<br />
|-<br />
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear<br />
|-<br />
| ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || X || X <!-- ✓ --><br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="7" | Limits<br />
|-<br />
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)<br />
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)<br />
! colspan="2" | Max Static G<br />
|-<br />
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -<br />
|-<br />
| {{Specs|destruction|body}} || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || 527 || 527 || 351 || ~6 || ~4<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)<br />
|-<br />
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator<br />
|-<br />
| < 370 || < 375 || < 460 || > 350<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="3" | Compressor (RB/SB)<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="3" | Setting 1<br />
|-<br />
! Optimal altitude<br />
! 100% Engine power<br />
! WEP Engine power<br />
|-<br />
| 1,310 m || 2,000 hp || No WEP<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="3" | Setting 2<br />
|-<br />
! Optimal altitude<br />
! 100% Engine power<br />
! WEP Engine power<br />
|-<br />
| 4,572 m || 1,600 hp || No WEP<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
=== Survivability and armour ===<br />
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}<br />
<!-- ''Examine the survivability of the aircraft. Note how vulnerable the structure is and how secure the pilot is, whether the fuel tanks are armoured, etc. Describe the armour, if there is any, and also mention the vulnerability of other critical aircraft systems.'' --><br />
<br />
* 12.7 mm Steel - Nose plate<br />
* 8 mm Steel - Under engine armour plate (each nacelle)<br />
* 12.7 mm Steel - Fore/aft nacelle fuel protection plates x 2 (each nacelle)<br />
* 12.7 mm Steel - Fore cockpit armour plate<br />
* 9.5 mm Steel - Cockpit tub<br />
* 9 mm Steel - Pilot/Co-pilot's seat backs<br />
* 12.7 mm Steel - Gunner aft armour plate<br />
* 12.7 mm Steel - Gunner lower armour plate<br />
* 12.7 mm Steel - Aircraft tail armour plate<br />
* 60 mm Bulletproof glass - Pilot<br />
<br />
With this array of armour, the A-26B-10 is well-protected from any glancing rounds from machine guns.<br />
<br />
As mentioned earlier, the A-26B-10 has the option to mount a 37 mm cannon in the nose. That in combination with its speed and additional four .50 cals in the nose will punish any opponent foolish enough to head on this aircraft. In addition, the rear of the aircraft is well defended by the two remote-controlled .50 cal turrets.<br />
<br />
Thus, to fight an A-26, the best method of attack is to perform a Boom & Zoom run and aim for the engines. As fast as the A-26 is, it loses a fair deal of speed if one of the engines is out of action and, (if your aim is good enough), you may even snipe the gunner, leaving a massive blind spot from the rear of the Invader. If you find yourself in front of this plane, and there are no alternatives, aim for the cockpit only! This is as a result of the A-26 having both a pilot and a co-pilot, meaning if one is knocked out, the other can still take command of the plane. Nonetheless, the best possible angle to attack an Invader is from the sides, where the gunner cannot traverse the turrets.<br />
<br />
=== Modifications and economy ===<br />
{{Specs-Economy}}<br />
<br />
== Armaments ==<br />
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}<br />
=== Offensive armament ===<br />
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}<br />
<!-- ''Describe the offensive armament of the aircraft, if any. Describe how effective the cannons and machine guns are in a battle, and also what belts or drums are better to use. If there is no offensive weaponry, delete this subsection.'' --><br />
{{main|M4 (37 mm)|M2 Browning (12.7 mm)}}<br />
<br />
The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:<br />
<br />
* A choice between three presets:<br />
** 6 x 12.7 mm M2 Browning machine guns, nose-mounted (400 rpg = 2,400 total)<br />
** 1 x 37 mm M4 cannon, nose-mounted (30 rpg) + 4 x 12.7 mm M2 Browning machine guns, nose-mounted (400 rpg = 1,600 total)<br />
** 2 x 37 mm M4 cannons, nose-mounted (30 rpg = 60 total)<br />
<br />
=== Suspended armament ===<br />
{{Specs-Avia-Suspended}}<br />
<!-- ''Describe the aircraft's suspended armament: additional cannons under the wings, bombs, rockets and torpedoes. This section is especially important for bombers and attackers. If there is no suspended weaponry remove this subsection.'' --><br />
{{main|AN-M30A1 (100 lb)|AN-M57 (250 lb)|AN-M64A1 (500 lb)|AN-M65A1 (1,000 lb)}}<br />
<br />
The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance:<br />
<br />
* Without load<br />
* 16 x 100 lb AN-M30A1 bombs (1,600 lb total)<br />
* 12 x 250 lb AN-M57 bombs (3,000 lb total)<br />
* 10 x 500 lb AN-M64A1 bombs (5,000 lb total)<br />
* 4 x 1,000 lb AN-M65A1 bombs (4,000 lb total)<br />
<br />
=== Defensive armament ===<br />
{{Specs-Avia-Defensive}}<br />
<!-- ''Defensive armament with turret machine guns or cannons, crewed by gunners. Examine the number of gunners and what belts or drums are better to use. If defensive weaponry is not available, remove this subsection.'' --><br />
{{main|M2 Browning (12.7 mm)}}<br />
<br />
The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is defended by:<br />
<br />
* 2 x 12.7 mm M2 Browning machine guns, dorsal turret (500 rpg = 1,000 total)<br />
* 2 x 12.7 mm M2 Browning machine guns, ventral turret (500 rpg = 1,000 total)<br />
<br />
== Usage in battles ==<br />
<!-- ''Describe the tactics of playing in the aircraft, the features of using aircraft in a team and advice on tactics. Refrain from creating a "guide" - do not impose a single point of view, but instead, give the reader food for thought. Examine the most dangerous enemies and give recommendations on fighting them. If necessary, note the specifics of the game in different modes (AB, RB, SB).'' --><br />
<br />
Though the A-26B-10 Invader will suffer in combat versus more nimble single-engine fighters, it still has some tricks it can employ to eke out a victory in the skies. Due to all the offensive weaponry being mounted in the nose of the plane, it creates a rather dense cone of fire, similar to that of most heavy fighters. This enables the Invader to nearly guarantee either to destroy or critically damage any fighter greedy enough to head you on, even if they are armed with cannons. The A-26B-10 is a very resilient aircraft, similar to other dual-engine aircraft like the [[Beaufighter Mk 21]]. Because of this, the pilot of the Invader can allow his opponent to land some hits in exchange for coming in view of either the A-26's forward facing armaments, or of its two rear-facing turrets. Though M2 Brownings lack the stopping power of cannons such as the 23 mm NS-23 cannon, they are still capable of inflicting immense damage to enemy aircraft, lighting up fuel tanks and disabling key components like control surfaces. This can buy the pilot some breathing room, by forcing enemy fighters to return to base after coming under fire from the Invader's guns.<br />
<br />
While the A-26 Invader is fast for its battle rating, it will still be intercepted by almost any late models of aircraft such as the Bf 109 "Gustav" series, the [[Bf 109 K-4]], almost any later model of the [[Fw 190 (Family)|Fw 190]], including the Focke-Wulf [[Ta 152 C-3|Ta 152]] series. Any of the above-mentioned German aircraft will tear you apart due to all of them sporting the "Minengeschoß" shells.<br />
<br />
Due to its versatility the A-26 can play a variety of play styles and once you learn its strengths and weaknesses it is very easy and fun to use:<br />
<br />
'''In air battles'''<br />
<br />
Despite being an attacker designed to perform tactical attacks and close air support, the A-26 is good at air battles and not just ground battles. It can perform a large amount of essential roles such as a bomber or an attacker.<br />
<br />
'''Low altitude bomber'''<br />
<br />
This play style is the easiest to execute even when stock, so it is recommended for players who are new to the plane.<br />
<br />
Before you spawn in make sure to load the 10 x 500lb bombs loadout. Fly towards the enemy bases in a shallow dive, the A-26 is capable of cruising at 500 km/h so you won't need to wait much before you will reach the enemy bases. Check the map. If there are 3 bases, drop 5 bombs (half of your load). If there are 2 or 4 bases, drop 10 bombs (your full bombload).<br />
<br />
'''Attacker'''<br />
<br />
This role can be played both from the start of the battle or after you finished your role as a low altitude bomber. Before the battle, make sure to load all 6 x .50 calibre [[M2 Browning (12.7 mm)|M2]] machine guns since they are more effective overall then the [[M4 (37 mm)|37 mm]] cannons. In this role, the bomb loadout does not matter much since it is quite hard and inefficient to bomb ground targets. The only targets worth bombing are light and regular pillboxes, and these can also be destroyed with your main weaponry. After spawning, fly to the ground targets and start firing. If you didn't manage to destroy your target in your first pass, try firing at them with your turrets, if that still didn't destroy your target, move on or return for a second pass.<br />
<br />
'''In ground battles'''<br />
<br />
In ground battles the A-26 gets a chance to do what it was designed to do - provide close air support for troops on the ground. it is recommended to use the 4 x 1,000lb bombs loadout since the 1,000lb bombs provide twice the TNT equivalent and almost twice the destruction radius of the 500lb bombs making them much easier to use. You can also load the [[M4 (37 mm)|37 mm]] with ground targets belt and strafe enemy tanks.<br />
<br />
'''Defensive flying'''<br />
<br />
Once someone gets behind your tail you are probably not going to out-manoeuvre them, so your only options are to either shoot them down, scare them away or out-run them.<br />
<br />
Once they are about 1.6 km away from you start shooting with your defensive turrets, use zoom to aim better and make sure to make slight manoeuvres to dodge their bullets. If they cannot get closer you win, but if they are faster and you couldn't kill them, once they are closer than 800 metres pull hard and try to make them overshoot, after they overshoot try to open as much distance as possible between you and them in order to trap them in the ideal shooting range (1.6-0.8 km). Repeat this until they either get shot down or pull off.<br />
<br />
'''Enemies worth noting:'''<br />
<br />
Against the Russians, any of the La-7s or La-9s can and will be able to catch you. In addition, aircraft such as the [[Yak-9P]] or [[Yak-9UT]], which wield both [[ShVAK (20 mm)|20 mm]] and either a [[NS-37 (37 mm)|37 mm]] or [[NS-45 (45 mm)|45 mm]] will tear your plane to bits. While the Russians do not have cannons armed with the same round types as a German fighter does, the multitude of cannons they wield can make short work of you.<br />
<br />
The British can also give you a run for your money. The most common adversary that could give you an issue is the [[Wyvern S4|Wyvern]], due to its blistering speed and four 20 mm [[Hispano Mk.V (20 mm)|Hispano Mk.V]] cannons. In addition, a Tempest could also make quick work of you due to the same reasoning in firepower. While it is unlikely you will see any of the Griffon Spitfires, earlier models can still inflict a heavy amount of damage to your air frame.<br />
<br />
One SPAA to worry about in Ground Realistic Battles is the Chinese [[ZSD63]]. Though it is hard to identify specific SPAA vehicles on the ground (especially when they are shooting tracers at the plane), if a ZSD63 can be identified, avoid it at all costs and '''do not''' attempt head-ons with it, ever. It can easily snap a wing off by causally putting a short burst in the {{PAGENAME}}'s flight path. Don't even get close to it unless it is occupied with another friendly or if the {{PAGENAME}} is equipped with a bomb that it can use. Some identifying features of the ZSD63 is its rather boxy and tall hull with a geometric turret sitting at the back, slightly similar to a Wirbelwind's. The firing manner is also distinctive: the sound and green tracers are very rapid, much like a buzz saw, but then it will remain silent for half a minute reloading. Note that an experienced ZSD player will hold its fire or shoot in single salvos with long halts between, making it look like that it's reloading. Armour-piercing belt is recommended since their high penetration can tear through the ZSD's armour with ease and knock out its crews.<br />
<br />
=== Manual Engine Control ===<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="7" | MEC elements<br />
|-<br />
! rowspan="2" | Mixer<br />
! rowspan="2" | Pitch<br />
! colspan="3" | Radiator<br />
! rowspan="2" | Supercharger<br />
! rowspan="2" | Turbocharger<br />
|-<br />
! Oil !! Water !! Type<br />
|-<br />
| Controllable || Controllable<br>Auto control available || Controllable<br>Not auto controlled || Controllable<br>Not auto controlled || Separate || Controllable<br>2 gears || Not controllable<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
=== Pros and cons ===<br />
<!-- ''Summarise and briefly evaluate the vehicle in terms of its characteristics and combat effectiveness. Mark its pros and cons in the bulleted list. Try not to use more than 6 points for each of the characteristics. Avoid using categorical definitions such as "bad", "good" and the like - use substitutions with softer forms such as "inadequate" and "effective".'' --><br />
<br />
'''Pros:'''<br />
<br />
* Respectable forward-facing armament<br />
* Impressive secondary armament when compared to its counterparts<br />
* Highly durable<br />
* Fast<br />
* Decent energy retention<br />
* Two remote-controlled turrets<br />
* Respectable climb rate for an attacker<br />
* Can mount up to 2 cannons for either air targets or ground targets<br />
* Pilot and co-pilot: if one is knocked out, the other can take command<br />
<br />
'''Cons:'''<br />
<br />
* Not very maneuverable<br />
* As fast as it is, it is slower when compared to single-engine fighters<br />
* Poor roll and rudder performance<br />
* Large silhouette<br />
* Fairly high repair cost<br />
* Only one gunner, if he is knocked out both of the turrets stop working<br />
* Usually explodes soon after catching fire.<br />
<br />
== History ==<br />
<!-- ''Describe the history of the creation and combat usage of the aircraft in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the vehicle and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Vehicle-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>. This section may also include the vehicle's dev blog entry (if applicable) and the in-game encyclopedia description (under <code><nowiki>=== In-game description ===</nowiki></code>, also if applicable).'' --><br />
In the mid 1930s, Douglas Aircraft analysed contemporaries like the Do 17 and Blenheim, making them gamble on a fast, versatile, and manoeuvrable bomber. The resulting world leading DB-7, A-20 attacker/bomber paid off in immediate orders from France and England if not initially from USA. A great start, the pace of aircraft innovation only accelerated and Douglas knew its world leading design would soon be outdated. Work began on a new design.<br />
<br />
Master engineer Edward Heinemann reassembled a team of Robert Donovan and Ted R. Smith from the A-20 program. Most important was aerodynamicist Apollo M.O. Smith who chose the innovative NACA 65-215 laminar flow airfoil that promised better top speed. Laminar Flow was still a radical technology at the time, the yet unproven Mustang Mk 1 was the only production aircraft using the technology. To make this high speed wing also fly slowly for safe landing, a double-slotted flaps system was created, the first production aircraft to use what is now common in all modern jet liners. The wing also had a relatively high aspect ratio for long range performance.<br />
<br />
Design features from the breakthrough A-20 design were carried into the A-26. It is easy to spot the family resemblance of the nose gear, high wing, straight fuselage, and dihedral wing and tail. The easily replaceable nose unit, either a solid nose unit or the glass bombardier's unit, was also carried over, the latter used a Norden M-9 bombsight. The engines were also upgraded to the much more powerful Pratt & Whitney R-2800-27 Double Wasp fourteen-cylinder, double-row, radial air-cooled engines. Armaments were now standardized as the Colt-Browning AN/M2 .50 cal machine guns offensively mounted in all versions' noses. All models had space in wing for ammo belts feeding up to four dual gun pods mounted underneath the wing. Versatility was a key point and many other armament options were made, including large cannons and wing-mounted bombs and rockets. A-26's could even carry two torpedoes, however there is no evidence it was ever used operationally. Another key feature was the General Electric remote control turret top and bottom of the attacker, both controlled by a single crewman using a periscope sighting system (a year ahead of a similar system created by the Germans).<br />
<br />
The ХА-26 prototype made its first flight on July 10, 1942. Mass production began in September 1943. Parallel production lines started in Douglas, Long Beach (code DL) making the solid nose A-26B, and Douglas, Tulsa making the bombardier nose A-26C (but both could be easily swapped in less than an hour). A total of 2,503 were built.<br />
<br />
While praised by the pilots at home, its first trial by fire in May 1944 over New Guinea was less enthusiastic mainly due to limited downward view and other issues soured the Pacific crews. Less than 4 months later, missions in Europe received a completely different response where as a low altitude level bomber it excelled at its operation and easily countered defending Luftwaffe with strong defenses or high speed. Over this time, upgrades to the design came about, including a new canopy that improved pilot view with the А-26C-30-DT, and integrating six .50 machine guns into the wings starting with the А-26B-50-DL and А-26C-55-DT.<br />
<br />
After WW2 ended only the A-26 was kept in active service, its performance securing its usefulness, but the designation changed to B-26 (causing confusion with the name of the retired B-26 Marauder). When the Korean war started in 1950 the underappreciated attacker suddenly became vital again, heavily employed in day and night attacks against North Korean forces. Conflict did not end with Korea, so the B-26 was now needed elsewhere, but quirk of political nuance forced the name back to the original A-26 so they could be sold to Thailand.<br />
<br />
In short, with continuing conflicts and numerous upgrades the A-26 was actively used decades after it first flew, with the last known military mission in 1977.<br />
<br />
It was not done with "combat" missions then; however, being actively used to fight wildfires that ravaged parts of the US, Canada, and Australia, immortalized by the 1989 film "Always".<br />
<br />
== Media ==<br />
<!-- ''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.'' --><br />
<br />
;Skins<br />
<br />
* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicleCountry=usa&vehicleType=aircraft&vehicleClass=assault&vehicle=a-26b_10 Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]<br />
<br />
;Videos<br />
{{Youtube-gallery|E1IDVFUqzrI|'''The Shooting Range #83''' - ''Pages of History'' section at 10:27 discusses the Douglas A-26 Invader.}}<br />
<br />
== See also ==<br />
<!-- ''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''<br />
* ''reference to the series of the aircraft;''<br />
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.'' --><br />
<br />
;Related development<br />
<br />
* Douglas [[A-20G-25|A-20]] Havoc<br />
<br />
;Aircraft of comparable role, configuration and era<br />
<br />
* Bristol [[Brigand B 1|Brigand]]<br />
* Junkers [[Ju 288 C|Ju 288]]<br />
* North American [[B-25 (Family)|B-25]] Mitchell<br />
* Tupolev [[Tu-2 (Family)|Tu-2]]<br />
<br />
== External links ==<br />
<!-- ''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''<br />
* ''topic on the official game forum;''<br />
* ''other literature.'' --><br />
<br />
* [[wt:en/news/3230--en|[Vehicle Profile] Douglas A-26C]]<br />
* [https://forum.warthunder.com/index.php?/topic/378374-a-26b-10/ Official data sheet - more details about the performance]<br />
<br />
{{AirManufacturer Douglas}}<br />
{{USA attackers}}</div>U100542309https://wiki.warthunder.com/index.php?title=P-47D-25&diff=92004P-47D-252021-01-25T23:04:30Z<p>U100542309: /* Usage in battles */</p>
<hr />
<div>{{About<br />
| about = American fighter '''{{PAGENAME}}'''<br />
| usage = other versions<br />
| link = P-47 (Family)<br />
}}<br />
{{Specs-Card<br />
|code=p-47d<br />
|images={{Specs-Card-Image|GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg}}<br />
|cockpit=cockpit_p-47d.jpg<br />
}}<br />
<br />
== Description ==<br />
<!-- ''In the description, the first part should be about the history of and the creation and combat usage of the aircraft, as well as its key features. In the second part, tell the reader about the aircraft in the game. Insert a screenshot of the vehicle, so that if the novice player does not remember the vehicle by name, he will immediately understand what kind of vehicle the article is talking about.'' --><br />
The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} American fighter {{Battle-rating}}. It has been in the game since the start of the Open Beta Test prior to Update 1.27.<br />
<br />
Like the [[P-51D-5|P-51D Mustang]], the P-47D-25 is one of the iconic fighters of the USAAF and also one of the most powerful. The wing of the British Spitfire melded with the iconic Pratt and Whitney R-2800 and bulky body, the P-47 is truly a force to be reckoned with, possessing very good performance, weaponry, and loadout. The ''"Jug"'' is thus one of the best [[:Category:Fighters|fighters]] in the USAAF line; possessing the hallmarks of a great fighter and the capability of a fast attacker.<br />
<br />
== General info ==<br />
=== Flight performance ===<br />
{{Specs-Avia-Flight}}<br />
<!-- ''Describe how the aircraft behaves in the air. Speed, manoeuvrability, acceleration and allowable loads - these are the most important characteristics of the vehicle.'' --><br />
In Arcade battles, the P-47 can be pushed to its limits. Climb rate, turn rate, and responsiveness are all dramatically increased. Still, tactics used in RB also apply very well in Arcade- this fighter is great for practising Boom & Zoom in Arcade due to the impressive climb rate in this mode. However, the skill will not be built nearly as well in this mode, as rolling scissors and "skidding" manoeuvres will not really be needed.<br />
<br />
Overall, the P-47 is a very pleasurable plane to fly for a quick jaunt in arcade battles.<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"<br />
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics<br />
! colspan="2" | Max Speed<br>(km/h at 9,144 m)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude<br>(metres)<br />
! colspan="2" | Turn time<br>(seconds)<br />
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb<br>(metres/second)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run<br>(metres)<br />
|-<br />
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB<br />
|-<br />
! Stock<br />
| 676 || 657 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 26.2 || 27.2 || 7.3 || 7.3 || rowspan="2" | 600<br />
|-<br />
! Upgraded<br />
| 729 || 700 || 23.8 || 25.0 || 15.0 || 10.6<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==== Details ====<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="5" | Features<br />
|-<br />
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear<br />
|-<br />
| ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || X || X <!-- ✓ --><br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="7" | Limits<br />
|-<br />
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)<br />
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)<br />
! colspan="2" | Max Static G<br />
|-<br />
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -<br />
|-<br />
| {{Specs|destruction|body}} || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || 520 || 520 || 320 || ~12 || ~5<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)<br />
|-<br />
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator<br />
|-<br />
| < 402 || < 420 || < 470 || > 335<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="3" | Compressor (RB/SB)<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="3" | Setting 1<br />
|-<br />
! Optimal altitude<br />
! 100% Engine power<br />
! WEP Engine power<br />
|-<br />
| 8,500 m || 2,000 hp || 2,300 hp<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
=== Survivability and armour ===<br />
{{Specs-Avia-Armour}}<br />
<!-- ''Examine the survivability of the aircraft. Note how vulnerable the structure is and how secure the pilot is, whether the fuel tanks are armoured, etc. Describe the armour, if there is any, and also mention the vulnerability of other critical aircraft systems.'' --><br />
<br />
* 38 mm Bulletproof glass<br />
* 9.5 mm Steel plate in front of pilot<br />
* 9.5 mm Steel plate in pilot's seat<br />
<br />
=== Modifications and economy ===<br />
{{Specs-Economy}}<br />
<br />
Climb rate and acceleration is a big issue for the stock P-47D. Focus on ''Compressor'', ''Engine'', ''Wing repairs'' and ''Engine Injection'' first. During this ''performance'' focused grind, you can additionally research ''New 12.7 mm MGs'' and the various payload modules to unlock the higher tiers for the better performance upgrades.<br />
<br />
== Armaments ==<br />
{{Specs-Avia-Armaments}}<br />
=== Offensive armament ===<br />
{{Specs-Avia-Offensive}}<br />
<!-- ''Describe the offensive armament of the aircraft, if any. Describe how effective the cannons and machine guns are in a battle, and also what belts or drums are better to use. If there is no offensive weaponry, delete this subsection.'' --><br />
{{main|M2 Browning (12.7 mm)}}<br />
<br />
The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:<br />
<br />
* 8 x 12.7 mm M2 Browning machine guns, wing-mounted (425 rpg = 3,400 total)<br />
<br />
=== Suspended armament ===<br />
{{Specs-Avia-Suspended}}<br />
<!-- ''Describe the aircraft's suspended armament: additional cannons under the wings, bombs, rockets and torpedoes. This section is especially important for bombers and attackers. If there is no suspended weaponry remove this subsection.'' --><br />
{{main|AN-M64A1 (500 lb)|AN-M65A1 (1,000 lb)|HVAR}}<br />
<br />
The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance:<br />
<br />
* Without load<br />
* 1 x 500 lb AN-M64A1 bomb (500 lb total)<br />
* 2 x 1,000 lb AN-M65A1 bombs (2,000 lb total)<br />
* 2 x 1,000 lb AN-M65A1 bombs + 1 x 500 lb AN-M64A1 bomb (2,500 lb total)<br />
* 10 x HVAR rockets<br />
* 10 x HVAR rockets + 1 x 500 lb AN-M64A1 bomb (500 lb total)<br />
* 10 x HVAR rockets + 2 x 1,000 lb AN-M65A1 bombs (2,000 lb total)<br />
* 10 x HVAR rockets + 2 x 1,000 lb AN-M65A1 bombs + 1 x 500 lb AN-M64A1 bomb (2,500 lb total)<br />
<br />
== Usage in battles ==<br />
<!-- ''Describe the tactics of playing in the aircraft, the features of using aircraft in a team and advice on tactics. Refrain from creating a "guide" - do not impose a single point of view, but instead, give the reader food for thought. Examine the most dangerous enemies and give recommendations on fighting them. If necessary, note the specifics of the game in different modes (AB, RB, SB).'' --><br />
'''Realistic'''<br />
<br />
The Thunderbolt was used as a high altitude bomber escort and excels at fighter roles in the game, but it can also be used as a very effective ground attack aircraft, thanks to its impressive bomb load. With the equivalent of 3,000 lbs of ordnance under its wings with munitions such as 1,000 lb bombs and 10 HVAR rockets, it is an excellent fighter-bomber. In this role, its performance is often superior to even dedicated ground attack aircraft such as IL-2 Sturmoviks. Its eight fifty-calibre guns are effective against soft targets which aren't worth rockets or bombs. With good aim, they can destroy light pillboxes at distances less than 400 m if using the "Ground targets" belt. When engaging against enemy aircraft, Boom & Zoom tactics are a must, never try to dogfight with the 'Jug'. When diving on a target, if you don't down the enemy, don't try to turn and finish him, use the speed you built in the dive and extend away, climb up, Immelmann and do it all again.<br />
<br />
Two main skill modes present themselves: strike fighter (fighter-bomber), taken by going low with a full payload, ravaging the countryside, or just as a standard fighter by first gaining altitude to hunt for bombers, or using the height to dive on enemies who do not have the patience to climb. For the former, "ground targets" belt is obviously advised, it will easily pierce armoured cars and light pillboxes, but they do work well on aircraft too.<br />
<br />
When using the "Jug" as a fighter remember that speed and altitude are your lifelines. Never give these up unless you must to stay alive. Also, remember that in Arcade planes accelerate very quickly so you need a huge speed advantage to make sure you can make a getaway in a boom and zoom attack. With this is mind, dive in on enemies that are engaging a teammate or that are at least 1 km below you. If you do not shoot down the enemy, remember to go into a shallow climb to extend, not a steep climb<br />
<br />
A wonderful Boom & Zoom fighter in every respect, therefore fly it accordingly! As in real life, the performance advantage will drastically shift in favour of the P-47D above 3,000 m (Soviet opponents) or 6,000 m (most German and Japanese aircraft). The climb rate of this plane is not the best as such it is a good idea to side climb and wait for the first engagement. In Realistic battles it is wise to wait until after the first engagements with enemies, then if your team has a numerical advantage land on the airstrip, bailout and then load the ground attack ordnance. Remember to not bail out until fully repaired and rearmed!<br />
<br />
Its bubble canopy makes spotting enemies much easier than most other planes even when you are above the enemy. Remember that firing at an enemy plane at convergence range will be devastating, choosing a comfortable targeting distance is crucial in the Thunderbolt. In many cases don't be afraid to dive away from an enemy and then pull-up drastically since you have a heavy and very tough airframe, this makes altitude a very important asset, and thus side climbing is always beneficial.<br />
<br />
'''Simulator'''<br />
<br />
In Simulator / Enduring Confrontation, bulkier planes that suffer in AB & RB shine and that of course includes the P-47. Sitting at BR 3.7, the lowest BR for rank 3 EC, it can respawn infinitely which makes it a great learning platform for new EC players. In Sim, the P-47 has great control handling, all-round unobstructed vision and fast speed, and it offers a wide range of additional armaments of bombs and rockets, plus the original 8 x .50 cal, meaning it is an excellent multi-role aircraft. It can perform base-bombing, ground pounding, bomber intercepting and traditional BnZ fighting.<br />
<br />
For base bombing, choose the maximum setup of 1 x 500 lbs, 2 x 1,000 lbs and 10 x rockets to maximise the damage. The fastest way to get to a base is to remain at tree-top level upon taking off. This way there is no need to climb so the P-47 can pick up quite some speed like that, even with the full bombload. It is also harder to be seen, since the P-47's dark colour will blend in with the ground for some maps. When approaching the base, check its position with the minimap to ensure it's the right target. When the base fills up the gunsight, pull up to around 500 m and then dive at the base at a rather shallow angle. Now you can fire all the rockets as the distance is pretty close. When the gunsight slices past the furthest edge of the base, release all the bombs, bank to the direction of the nearest friendly airfield, descend back to tree-top level and fly back. If you are lucky, you might even catch some enemy bombers that just took-off from a nearby airfield. They will be some nice RP for you. Overall, base bombing is the safest way to get rewards.<br />
<br />
For ground pounding, you can choose to take the full bombload if you want. Use the bombs and rockets to take out pillboxes and tanks. The aiming method for bombs is pretty similar to base bombing, but there are differences for the 500 lb and 1000 lb, as their drop are different and you want to adapt the aim to be more precise, because now the targets are much smaller. Dive at a shallow angle to approach the target, try to get as close as possible but avoid crashing into the ground. When the gunsight slices through and just above the target, drop the 1000 lbs. When the target is at the center of the gunsight and fills up around 1/3 of it, release the 500 lb. The 8 MGs are perfect for killing trucks, AA guns and artilleries as they have plenty of ammo. However, constantly watch your surrounding, especially your high 6 for any incoming enemies.<br />
<br />
You want to be more careful when hunting bombers, since with the Sim control (whether it be mouse joystick or a real stick) the plane will manoeuvre much more gently, making itself a great target for the bomber's gunners. DO NOT follow behind a bomber's 6 unless you are sure that its tail gunners are unconscious. Chasing behind a bomber makes yourself pretty much stationary for the tail gunners, and you will be showered with bullets. The big radial engine of the P-47 will usually get damaged. Instead, before launching an attack, get an altitude advantage over the bomber by flying around 2 km above it. The bomber should only fill up about 1/6 of your gunsight. The best position for an attack is at the bomber's high 6 so you can adjust the lead much easier. Dive at the bomber, but not directly at it, try to predict where you two will crash by imagining yourself as a missile, that's where you should aim at (deflection shooting). To maximise the damage it is better to aim for their wings and engines, as the fuselage usually soaks up quite some bullets. Only fire when the bomber passes in front of your guns. This short window might seems inadequate to do anything, but the 8 MG on the P-47 are actually quite destructive, as sometimes it only takes one bullet to set the target aflame.<br />
<br />
As for dogfighting, because almost all aerial battles in Sim occurs at below 3,000 m, the P-47 can easily climb to this altitude and gather up lots of speed before engaging a battle. The tactic is similar to the RB one above. If, unfortunately, you find yourself being chased at your 6 and you don't know how to do any defensive manoeuvres, do a large, smooth turn towards the nearest friendly airfield to avoid bleeding too much speed. Then shallow-dive towards your airfield. The P-47 can quite easily outrun opponents like the A6M or Bf-109 E, but struggles to outrun Bf-109 F/G, FW-190 A or other P-47. Another way of disengaging is to do a sudden split-S to dodge under the chaser. Average Sim players will now try and see where you went, if not immediately losing track of you. You can then run for your airfield or shallow climb for another attack.<br />
<br />
'''Enemies worth noting (sim):'''<br />
<br />
* [[Me 264]]: This giant is one of the few bombers who get air spawns in Sim, so it usually flies higher than you think. On top of this, the Me 264 is armed with large calibre MG and cannons all over it, therefore tailing a 264 is basically suicide unless all of their gunners are knocked out. You can treat the 264 almost like a B-29 or B-17 as they are very similar in both design and defensive capabilities. It is best to head-on the 264 if you can as you can easily knock out the pilots due to its glazed nose while also taking minimal damage. However the bomber lacks a ventral turret on its belly, making it easy to deal damage from below, but be weary of the downwards facing rear 20 mm cannon near the tail. The safest way to attack is from a higher altitude, dive at an oblique angle and focus fire on the wings and nose. Never engage if you have no altitude advantage.<br />
* [[Bf 110 (Family)|Bf 110]], [[Ki-45 (Family)|Ki-45]], [[A-26 (Family)|A-26]]: As mentioned before, those twin engine aircraft are a big threat since their lack of manoeuvrability comparing to single engine fighters are minimised in Sim. They are usually armed with heavy guns & cannons in the nose, so an accurate burst will tear any plane apart, including the P-47. The P-47 manoeuvres rather sluggishly and you might get out-turned from even those heavy fighters, so engage them with either altitude or speed advantage to avoid being targeted. If they are not manoeuvring aggressively, aim for their wings or engines. If the fight is intense and you cannot smooth the aim, just burst anywhere as long as you hit them, the 12.7 mm bullets will damage their flight models quite a bit.<br />
* [[ZSD63]]: A dangerous SPAA to go up against in Tank Realistic Battles. Though it is hard to identify specific SPAA vehicles on the ground (especially when they are shooting tracers at the plane), if a ZSD63 is identified, avoid it at all costs and '''do not''' attempt head-ons with it, ever. It can easily snap a wing off by casually putting a short burst in the {{PAGENAME}}'s flight path. Don't even get close to it unless it is busy shooting someone else or if the {{PAGENAME}} has a bomb ready for use. Some identifying features of the ZSD63 is its rather boxy and tall hull with a geometric turret sitting at the back, slightly similar to a Wirbelwind's. The firing manner is also distinctive: the sound and green tracers are very rapid, much like a buzz saw, but then it will remain silent for half a minute reloading. Note that an experienced ZSD player will hold its fire or shoot in single salvos with long halts between, making it look like that it's reloading. Armor piercing belt is recommended since their high penetration can tear through the ZSD's armor with ease and knock out its crews.<br />
* [[Yak-2 KABB]]: Do not think that the {{PAGENAME}} can confidently out maneuver this plane just because it is twin-engined. The Yak-2 has an amazing turn rate for a heavy fighter, thus the {{PAGENAME}} must avoid turning with it, if not dogfighting with it in general. It bears a pair of ShVAK cannons that can easily damage vital parts like engine or cooling systems. It has green camo, greatly resembling an Me 410 but with an H-tail like a Bf 110's.<br />
<br />
=== Manual Engine Control ===<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="7" | MEC elements<br />
|-<br />
! rowspan="2" | Mixer<br />
! rowspan="2" | Pitch<br />
! colspan="3" | Radiator<br />
! rowspan="2" | Supercharger<br />
! rowspan="2" | Turbocharger<br />
|-<br />
! Oil !! Water !! Type<br />
|-<br />
| Controllable || Controllable<br>Auto control available || Controllable<br>Not auto controlled || Controllable<br>Not auto controlled || Separate || Controllable<br>1 gear || Auto controlled<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
=== Pros and cons ===<br />
<!-- ''Summarise and briefly evaluate the vehicle in terms of its characteristics and combat effectiveness. Mark its pros and cons in the bulleted list. Try not to use more than 6 points for each of the characteristics. Avoid using categorical definitions such as "bad", "good" and the like - use substitutions with softer forms such as "inadequate" and "effective".'' --><br />
<br />
'''Pros:'''<br />
<br />
* Great at diving and Boom & Zoom<br />
* Great multirole aircraft, acting as an interceptor or ground-attack aircraft<br />
* Impressive speed, great engine performance above 6,000 m<br />
* Very rugged construction can keep the plane flying despite damages<br />
* Impressive firepower of 8 x 12.7 mm M2 Browning machine guns with also impressive ammunition pool<br />
* First plane in the U.S tech tree to gain access to pure API-T ammo belts<br />
* Can easily escape enemies with its high speed for its rank<br />
* One of the few fighters that can carry both bombs and rockets at the same time, making it excellent for ground attack<br />
* More manoeuvrable than other aircraft in the P-47 family<br />
* By using opposite rudder and aileron controls, for example, left rudder and right aileron, the Thunderbolt can "skid" quickly in the direction the rudder - very useful to dodge shots, works for both the D-25 and D-28<br />
* Low repair cost<br />
* Can carry up to 2 x 1000lb bombs, 1 x 500lb bomb, and 10 HVARs<br />
<br />
'''Cons:'''<br />
<br />
* Terrible turning time at low altitude/low speed<br />
* Mediocre climb performance (side climbing recommended)<br />
* Larger than average fighters<br />
* Poor overall performance when mounting payloads<br />
* After attacking ground targets, the P-47 lacks the altitude to Boom & Zoom enemy fighters<br />
* Engine easily hit during a head-on attack<br />
<br />
== History ==<br />
<!-- ''Describe the history of the creation and combat usage of the aircraft in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the vehicle and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Vehicle-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>. This section may also include the vehicle's dev blog entry (if applicable) and the in-game encyclopedia description (under <code><nowiki>=== In-game description ===</nowiki></code>, also if applicable).'' --><br />
Developed by North Republic Aviation, the main role of the P-47 Thunderbolt was Bomber Escort, at high altitude the 'Jug' could contend with the latest from the Luftwaffe. The design was to also include much better protection for the pilot by having increased armour around the cockpit, however, this increased its weight substantially. It was the first American fighter to receive more than the standard 6 x .50 calibre M2 Browning Machine guns, a total of 8 all together, making it the most powerful Allied aircraft in terms of firepower at the time. Thanks to its rugged design, the Thunderbolt was able to take a considerable beating, more so than other allied aircraft, also with its sturdy airframe and reliable radial engine, the 'Jug' quickly took on the role of ground attack, able to arm itself with 2,500 lbs of bombs and rockets. All in all the Thunderbolt was one of the most successful allied aircraft during the war, even with the introduction of the faster and more nimble P-51 Mustang, later modifications of the Thunderbolt would go on to see action in the later part of the Pacific Campaign against the Imperial Japanese Navy.<br />
<br />
A total of 385 D-25 models of the P-47 were constructed. This model was the first to receive the teardrop canopy. It was also fitted with an increased supply of oxygen and some systems were repositioned for higher fuel capacity.<br />
<br />
=== In-game description ===<br />
The Republic P-47 Thunderbolt was an American fighter-bomber of the WWII era. It was one of the main USAAF fighters of WWII, especially effective as a fighter-bomber. The P-47 was also sent to the USSR via the lend-lease program. It was designed at Republic Aviation by two emigrants from the Russian Empire, Alexander Seversky and Alexander Kartveli.<br />
<br />
The official designation of the P-47, like that of many other Republic aircraft, is related to the word Thunder. However, the P-47's unmatched dimensions and weight led to the P-47 being nicknamed the Jug. Another informal nickname, more common during WWII, is Bolt or T-Bolt. The most mass-produced variant of the P-47 was the P-47D with a teardrop canopy. The variant was in development as early as 1941 and the first order for 850 P-47Ds was placed in late 1941. Many more Thunderbolts would be built during the war, making it the most mass-produced US fighter of WWII by 1945.<br />
<br />
=== Notable pilots ===<br />
[[File:Ray_S_Wetmore_portrait.jpg|thumb|none|200px|link=User:U64962917#Wetmore,_Ray_S.|United States ace pilot [[User:U64962917#Wetmore,_Ray_S.|Ray S. Wetmore]], four times ace, once with a P-47 and thrice with a P-51.]]<br />
<br />
== Media ==<br />
''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.''<br />
<br />
== See also ==<br />
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''<br />
<br />
* ''reference to the series of the aircraft;''<br />
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''<br />
<br />
== External links ==<br />
<!--Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:<br />
* ''topic on the official game forum;''<br />
* ''other literature.''--><br />
<br />
* [[wt:en/news/3557-profile-p-47d-25-the-all-american-juggernaut-en|[Profile] P-47D-25 - The All American Juggernaut]]<br />
<br />
{{AirManufacturer Republic}}<br />
{{USA fighters}}</div>U100542309https://wiki.warthunder.com/index.php?title=SB2C-4&diff=82254SB2C-42020-12-21T19:10:04Z<p>U100542309: /* Pros and cons */</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Specs-Card<br />
|code=sb2c_4<br />
|cockpit=cockpit_sb2c_4.jpg<br />
}}<br />
{{About<br />
|about = American naval bomber '''{{PAGENAME}}'''<br />
|usage = other uses<br />
|link = SB2 (Disambiguation)<br />
}}<br />
<br />
== Description ==<br />
<!-- ''In the description, the first part should be about the history of and the creation and combat usage of the aircraft, as well as its key features. In the second part, tell the reader about the aircraft in the game. Insert a screenshot of the vehicle, so that if the novice player does not remember the vehicle by name, he will immediately understand what kind of vehicle the article is talking about.'' --><br />
[[File:GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg|420px|thumb|left]]<br />
{{break}}<br />
The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} American dive bomber {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.53 "Firestorm"]].<br />
<br />
The SB2C-4 is an upgrade from the earlier [[SB2C-1c]] dive bomber at Rank II, having a more powerful engine and the ability to mount more payloads, including HVAR rockets. However, this version faces tougher and more deadly aircraft due to a higher ''Battle Rating''.<br />
<br />
== General info ==<br />
=== Flight Performance ===<br />
<!-- ''Describe how the aircraft behaves in the air. Speed, manoeuvrability, acceleration and allowable loads - these are the most important characteristics of the vehicle.'' --><br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="8" | Characteristics<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="8" | ''Stock''<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="2" | Max Speed<br>(km/h at 4,998 m)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude<br>(meters)<br />
! colspan="2" | Turn time<br>(seconds)<br />
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb<br>(meters/second)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run<br>(meters)<br />
|-<br />
! AB<br />
! RB<br />
! AB<br />
! RB<br />
! AB<br />
! RB<br />
|-<br />
| 438 || 426 || 8,230 || 24.4 || 24.8 || 2.3 || 3.6 || 300<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="8" | ''Upgraded''<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="2" | Max Speed<br>(km/h at 4,998 m)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (meters)<br />
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)<br />
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb<br>(meters/second)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (meters)<br />
|-<br />
! AB<br />
! RB<br />
! AB<br />
! RB<br />
! AB<br />
! RB<br />
|-<br />
| 484 || 459 || 8,230 || 21.2 || 22.3 || 12.5 || 6.9 || 300<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
====Details====<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="5" | Features<br />
|-<br />
! Combat flap<br />
! Take-off flap<br />
! Landing flap<br />
! Air brakes<br />
! Arrestor gear<br />
|-<br />
| ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || ✓ <!-- ✓ --><br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="5" | Limits<br />
|-<br />
! rowspan="2" | Wing-break speed<br>(km/h)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Gear limit<br>(km/h)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Combat flap<br> (km/h)<br />
! colspan="2" | Max Static G<br />
|-<br />
! +<br />
! -<br />
|-<br />
| 656 || 333 || 520 || ~8 || ~4<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities<br />
|-<br />
! Ailerons<br>(km/h)<br />
! Rudder<br>(km/h)<br />
! Elevators<br>(km/h)<br />
! Radiator<br>(km/h)<br />
|-<br />
| < 257 || < 350 || < 380 || > 250<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="3" | Compressor (RB/SB)<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="3" | Setting 1<br />
|-<br />
! Optimal altitude<br />
! 100% Engine power<br />
! WEP Engine power<br />
|-<br />
| 975 m || 1,750 hp || 1,878 hp<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="3" | Setting 2<br />
|-<br />
! Optimal altitude<br />
! 100% Engine power<br />
! WEP Engine power<br />
|-<br />
| 4,572 m || 1,450 hp || ?,??? hp<br />
|-<br />
<!-- ! colspan="3" | Setting 3<br />
|-<br />
! Optimal altitude<br />
! 100% Engine power<br />
! WEP Engine power<br />
|-<br />
| ?,??? m || ?,??? hp || ?,??? hp<br />
|- --><br />
|}<br />
<br />
=== Survivability and armour ===<br />
<!-- ''Examine the survivability of the aircraft. Note how vulnerable the structure is and how secure the pilot is, whether the fuel tanks are armoured, etc. Describe the armour, if there is any, and also mention the vulnerability of other critical aircraft systems.'' --><br />
<br />
* 8.5 mm Steel - Armor plate, the underside of the engine cowling<br />
* 6.35 mm Steel - Cockpit/Instrument panel protection plate<br />
* 11.11 mm Steel - Behind pilot's seat<br />
* 6.35 mm Steel - Dorsal gunner protection plate<br />
* 38 mm Bulletproof glass - Front windscreen<br />
<br />
== Armaments ==<br />
=== Offensive armament ===<br />
<!-- ''Describe the offensive armament of the aircraft, if any. Describe how effective the cannons and machine guns are in a battle, and also what belts or drums are better to use. If there is no offensive weaponry, delete this subsection.'' --><br />
{{main|AN/M2 (20 mm)}}<br />
<br />
The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:<br />
<br />
* 2 x 20 mm AN/M2 cannons, wing-mounted (200 rpg = 400 total)<br />
<br />
=== Suspended armament ===<br />
<!-- ''Describe the aircraft's suspended armament: additional cannons under the wings, bombs, rockets and torpedoes. This section is especially important for bombers and attackers. If there is no suspended weaponry remove this subsection.'' --><br />
{{main|AN-M57 (250 lb)|AN-M64A1 (500 lb)|AN-M65A1 (1,000 lb)|HVAR|M2 Browning (12.7 mm)}}<br />
{{main|Mk.13-1 Case (1,927 lb)|Mk.13-1 (1,927 lb)|Type A Mark I mine}}<br />
<br />
The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance:<br />
<br />
* 2 x 250 lb AN-M57 bombs (500 lb total)<br />
* 1 x 1,927 lb Mk.13-1 torpedo<br />
* 1 x 1,927 lb Mk.13-1 Case torpedo<br />
* 2 x 500 lb AN-M64A1 bombs (1,000 lb total)<br />
* 4 x 500 lb AN-M64A1 bombs (2,000 lb total)<br />
* 1 x 1,000 lb AN-M65A1 bomb (1,000 lb total)<br />
* 1 x Type A Mark I mine<br />
* 1 x 1,000 lb AN-M65A1 bomb + 2 x 500 lb AN-M64A1 bombs (2,000 lb total)<br />
* 8 x HVAR rockets<br />
* 4 x 12.7 mm M2 Browning machine guns (340 rpg = 1,360 total)<br />
<br />
=== Defensive armament ===<br />
<!-- ''Defensive armament with turret machine guns or cannons, crewed by gunners. Examine the number of gunners and what belts or drums are better to use. If defensive weaponry is not available, remove this subsection.'' --><br />
{{main|Browning (7.62 mm)}}<br />
<br />
The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is defended by:<br />
<br />
* 2 x 7.62 mm Browning machine guns, rear turret (2,000 rpg = 4,000 total)<br />
<br />
== Usage in battles ==<br />
<!-- ''Describe the tactics of playing in an aircraft, the features of using vehicles in a team and advice on tactics. Refrain from creating a "guide" - do not impose a single point of view, but instead, give the reader food for thought. Examine the most dangerous enemies and give recommendations on fighting them. If necessary, note the specifics of the game in different modes (AB, RB, SB).'' --><br />
<br />
;Arcade Battles<br />
<br />
The {{PAGENAME}} is very much like it's older sibling model in-game, which is a dive bomber/attacker capable of wreaking havoc to both soft and hard ground targets and enemy bases. Despite its capability to carry rockets and under-wing bombs and be used as an attacker, '''do not''' attempt to do so, unless you are sure a nearby enemy fighter does not immediately single you out as a target. This aircraft has fairly good manoeuvrability but does not fly nearly as well as any of the fighters you may encounter. However, this does not mean you cannot defend yourself in dire times. A distinct advantage of this aircraft is its firepower is more than enough to bring down any attacking enemy pilot with some skill, however, it's instability in coming out of rough turns can cause problems on getting guns on target difficult. Most pilots don't expect you to carry so much firepower with the extra machine guns so taking head-ons with some planes can work in your favour because most pilots do not expect you to have that much firepower. Moreover, due to it's firepower and ''airspawn'', being a bomber hunter is no problem either. It is important to remember to use this plane's main niche to your advantage as you will be vulnerable to enemy gunners. This plane's niche as fast bomber is further reinforced compared to the SB2C-1c as it carries double the bomb load (2,000 lb/ 907 kg) and if you survive long enough with your firepower to defend yourself you can be a considerable drain to the enemy's ticket counter. Overall, this aircraft is a solid performer in Arcade battles which is a delightful blend of defensive/offensive firepower, speed (not fighter-like though), manoeuvrability and bombing capability specifically for a dive bomber. A recommended aircraft to take out in ''tier 3'' battles and as a ''silver lions'' factory!<br />
<br />
;Realistic Battles<br />
<br />
In Realistic Battles, the {{PAGENAME}} excels at the ground attack role. Use the bombs and rockets against hard targets (such as heavy pillboxes and tanks), and the 20 mm cannons for taking out soft targets and light pillboxes. Even the universal ammo belt with 50/50 HEF and AP can take out light pillboxes when aiming for the roof, but belts with more AP will make it easier. However, its use doesn't end there. The SB2C is surprisingly manoeuvrable for a dive bomber, which combined with its high bomber spawn, effective armament, and dive brakes mean it can be used to dive on enemy fighters and bombers, and can even hold its own in a dogfight, especially if the enemy underestimates the plane's manoeuvrability. These characteristics are also good tactics for defending yourself, markedly since the tail gunner is lacklustre. Unfortunately, this does not apply well when at a low energy state (ex: ground attacking at a low level). The SB2C has poor climb rate and acceleration, and experienced pilots will boom and zoom you and leave you few options to defend yourself (trying to get guns on target after an overshoot, forcing a head-on, etc). Instead, try to stay above the battle and go for enemy aircraft, and once your team has a numerical advantage, go to ground level and ground attack, preferably under cover of fighters.<br />
<br />
;Fighting a {{PAGENAME}}<br />
<br />
If you come across a {{PAGENAME}}, attack from its unprotected bottom which is easy to hit due to planes low speed and pilots rarely looking below their planes. Avoid attacking it when it is in a dive. Do not attempt to head-on the Helldiver as its 20 mm cannons can easily knock out your pilot.<br />
<br />
===Manual Engine Control===<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="7" | MEC elements<br />
|-<br />
! rowspan="2" | Mixer<br />
! rowspan="2" | Pitch<br />
! colspan="3" | Radiator<br />
! rowspan="2" | Supercharger<br />
! rowspan="2" | Turbocharger<br />
|-<br />
! Oil<br />
! Water<br />
! Type<br />
|-<br />
| Controllable || rowspan="2" | Not controllable || rowspan="2" | Not controllable || rowspan="2" | Not controllable || rowspan="2" | Separate || rowspan="2" | Not controllable || rowspan="2" | Not controllable<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
===Modules===<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
! colspan="1" | Tier<br />
! colspan="2" | Flight performance<br />
! colspan="1" | Survivability<br />
! colspan="3" | Weaponry<br />
|-<br />
| I<br />
| Fuselage Repair<br />
| Radiator<br />
|<br />
| ITC mk.3<br />
| DGP 1<br />
| Offensive 12 mm<br />
|-<br />
| II<br />
|<br />
| Compressor<br />
| Airframe<br />
| Improved Torpedo<br />
| Turret 7 mm<br />
| New 12 mm MGs<br />
|-<br />
| III<br />
| Wings Repair<br />
| Engine<br />
|<br />
|Mk 12 Mod 0<br />
| New 7 mm MGs (turret)<br />
| Offensive 20 mm<br />
|-<br />
| IV<br />
|<br />
| Engine Injection<br />
| Cover<br />
| MBC mk.I<br />
| FRC mk.2<br />
| New 20 mm Cannons<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
=== Pros and cons ===<br />
<!-- ''Summarize and briefly evaluate the vehicle in terms of its characteristics and combat effectiveness. Mark its pros and cons in the bulleted list. Try not to use more than 6 points for each of the characteristics. Avoid using categorical definitions such as "bad", "good" and the like - use substitutions with softer forms such as "inadequate" and "effective".'' --><br />
<br />
'''Pros:'''<br />
<br />
* Very effective cannon armament<br />
* Very agile for a dive bomber<br />
* Good ground attack payload options<br />
* Has air brakes<br />
* Gets a bomber spawn<br />
* Can attach gun pods; enemies will not expect you have that much firepower<br />
* Great for bomber hunting<br />
* Good at head-on attacks<br />
* 20 mils can pilot-snipe enemies with ease<br />
<br />
'''Cons'''<br />
<br />
* No belly gunner<br />
* Catches fire relatively easily<br />
* Poor climb rate<br />
* Fairly slow<br />
* Tail gunner is ineffective at long range<br />
* Any asymmetrical wing damage makes it very difficult to turn<br />
* Extreme negatively static longitudinal stability for joystick at low speeds (e.g. the aircraft doesn't want to take off, but a slight bump makes the aircraft want to stall and harsh nose-down is required)<br />
* 20 mm shells can almost instantly down your plane<br />
* Elevators may jam in a dive<br />
<br />
== History ==<br />
<!-- ''Describe the history of the creation and combat usage of the aircraft in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too big, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the vehicle and adding a block "/ History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Vehicle-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article. This section may also include the vehicle's dev blog entry (if applicable) and the in-game encyclopedia description (under <code><nowiki>=== Encyclopedia Info ===</nowiki></code>, also if applicable).'' --><br />
<br />
The SB2C-4 Helldiver was an improved model of the SB2C-3, which was in turn based on the [[SB2C-1c]].<br />
<br />
The SB2C-3 had added the R-2600-20 engine, which was rated at 1,900 hp. This helped to solve the power to weight issues of the earlier models. The SB2C-4 added eight wing racks for carrying 5 in (127 mm) HVAR unguided rockets, with four on each wing. Additionally, mountings for one 500 lb bomb on each wing were added - a total of two 500 lb bombs; these could be carried when not carrying rockets. These armament options were in addition to the centerline bomb bay in the fuselage, which could carry up to 2,000 lbs of ordinance. 2,045 SB2C-4 aircraft were produced, making it the most produced variant of the SB2C Helldiver.<br />
<br />
The SB2C Helldiver was used during the Battle of the Philippine Sea, where 45 were lost after running out of fuel while returning to the carriers. The SB2C took part in combat over the Marianas, Philippines, Taiwan, Iwo Jima, and Okinawa. In the Battle of Leyte Gulf, during the Philippines Campaign, SB2C Helldivers took part in the sinking of the IJN Musashi; they scored a number of bomb hits to the ship. At Okinawa, Helldivers participated in the sinking of the IJN Yamato during the Japanese Operation Ten-Go, scoring hits on the Yamato and her escorts. <br />
<br />
In 1945, Helldivers were used in attacks on the Ryukyu Islands and the Japanese island of Honshū. In those strikes they were used to attack airfields, communication centers, and shipping. After the two atomic bombs were dropped, the Helldiver was used in patrols until the official Japanese surrender and the subsequent occupation of Japan.<br />
<br />
After the war, the SB2C remained in active-duty service with the US Navy until 1947, and with the Naval Reserve until 1950.<br />
<br />
== Media ==<br />
<!--Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.--><br />
{{Youtube-gallery|uJziizNMYj8|'''The Shooting Range #164''' - ''Pages of History'' section at 04:12 discusses the SB2C Helldiver.}}<br />
<br />
== See also ==<br />
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''<br />
<br />
* ''reference to the series of the aircraft;''<br />
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''<br />
<br />
== External links ==<br />
''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''<br />
<br />
* ''topic on the official game forum;''<br />
* ''encyclopedia page on the aircraft;''<br />
* ''other literature.''<br />
<br />
{{AirManufacturer Curtiss}}<br />
{{USA bombers}}</div>U100542309https://wiki.warthunder.com/index.php?title=M16_MGMC&diff=82149M16 MGMC2020-12-21T01:54:35Z<p>U100542309: /* Pros and cons */</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Specs-Card|code=us_halftrack_m16}}<br />
<br />
== Description ==<br />
<!-- ''In the description, the first part should be about the history of the creation and combat usage of the vehicle, as well as its key features. In the second part, tell the reader about the ground vehicle in the game. Insert a screenshot of the vehicle, so that if the novice player does not remember the vehicle by name, he will immediately understand what kind of vehicle the article is talking about.'' --><br />
[[File:GarageImage_M16MGMC.jpg|420px|thumb|left]]<br />
{{Break}}<br />
The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} American Self-Propelled Anti-Aircraft (SPAA) {{Battle-rating}}. It was one of the first American vehicles to be released with the American ground tree in [[Update 1.45 "Steel Generals"]]. Unlike its predecessor, the [[M13 MGMC|M13 MGMC]], the M16 is equipped with not two, but four .50 calibre machine guns mounted on a Maxson M45 Quadmount to fight against enemy aircraft.<br />
<br />
The point of the vehicle is to protect the team against threatening aircraft, it does so quite unusual when compared to other nations SPAA of this rank. Other nations SPAA come equipped with cannons, like the Sd.kfz 6/2 of Germany that comes equipped with the lethal 37 mm Flak 18. The M16 MGC uses several HMGs to shoot down hostile aircraft with a hail of bullets that focuses on volume-of-fire rather than damage-per-round.<br />
<br />
Multiple heavy machine guns harmonized together to allow for surprisingly decent self-defence against poorly armoured enemy tanks and equipment.<br />
<br />
== General info ==<br />
=== Survivability and armour ===<br />
<!-- ''Describe armour protection. Note the most well protected and key weak areas. Appreciate the layout of modules as well as the number and location of crew members. Is the level of armour protection sufficient, is the placement of modules helpful for survival in combat? If necessary use a visual template to indicate the most secure and weak zones of the armour.'' --><br />
'''Armour type:'''<br />
<br />
*Rolled homogeneous armour<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|-<br />
! Armour !! Front (Slope angle) !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof<br />
|-<br />
| Hull || 6.35 mm (31°) ''Hood front'' <br> 12.7 mm (31°) ''Driver port'' || 6.35 mm || 6.35 mm || N/A<br />
|-<br />
| Turret || 12.7 mm || N/A || N/A || N/A<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
'''Notes:'''<br />
<br />
* Suspension bogies are 10 mm thick, suspension wheels are 15 mm thick, and tracks are 7 mm thick. Front wheels provide 2 mm armour.<br />
<br />
=== Mobility ===<br />
<!-- ''Write about the mobility of the ground vehicle. Estimate the specific power and manoeuvrability, as well as the maximum speed forwards and backwards.'' --><br />
<br />
{{tankMobility|abMinHp=210|rbMinHp=131}}<br />
<br />
As a half-track, the {{PAGENAME}} is light and thus agile. While it has a high top speed, the acceleration is quite slow: expect a cruise speed between 40 and 45 km/h instead. The reverse speed is good, allowing you to pull out of dangerous situations. Like all WW2 wheeled vehicles, you can not turn on the spot and always need space to change direction. However, thanks to the rear tracks, your turn radius remains small at small speed. But remember that the faster you drive, the bigger the turn radius will be. Changing directions in a cramped street can be difficult with the {{PAGENAME}}. The lack of neutral steering makes turning on the spot slow (4 km/h): make sure to build a little speed before turning and you'll turn faster (12 km/h). The offroad mobility is average: the {{PAGENAME}} reaches 14 km/h when fording and 18 km/h when driving uphill. The {{PAGENAME}} has a very high cruise speed on hard surfaces (solid ground, roads). While its high speed is an advantage, it can turn into a disadvantage when manoeuvring at high speed: the {{PAGENAME}} starts oversteering when you turn because of its high centre of gravity and ends up skidding uncontrollably. Be aware of this before gunning towards the frontline: limit your maximum speed and anticipate the braking phases. As it is equipped with front tires, the {{PAGENAME}} struggles on soft terrain (sand, mud, snow). Light obstacles (fences and bushes) will make you bleed speed and medium to large obstacles (posts, trees, concrete blocks and parked vehicles) will stop your vehicle: avoid them.<br />
<br />
== Armaments ==<br />
=== Main armament ===<br />
<!-- ''Give the reader information about the characteristics of the main gun. Assess its effectiveness in a battle based on the reloading speed, ballistics and the power of shells. Do not forget about the flexibility of the fire, that is how quickly the cannon can be aimed at the target, open fire on it and aim at another enemy. Add a link to the main article on the gun: <code><nowiki>{{main|Name of the weapon}}</nowiki></code>. Describe in general terms the ammunition available for the main gun. Give advice on how to use them and how to fill the ammunition storage.'' --><br />
{{main|M2HB (12.7 mm)}}<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="6" | [[M2HB (12.7 mm)|12.7 mm M2HB]] (x4) || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)<br />
|-<br />
! Mode !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer<br />
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced<br />
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced<br />
|-<br />
! ''Arcade''<br />
| rowspan="2" | 4,800 (200) || rowspan="2" | 577 || rowspan="2" | -10°/+90° || rowspan="2" | ±180° || rowspan="2" | N/A || 52.84 || 73.13 || 88.80 || 98.20 || 104.47 || rowspan="2" | 18.20 || rowspan="2" | 16.10 || rowspan="2" | 14.84 || rowspan="2" | 14.00<br />
|-<br />
! ''Realistic''<br />
| 35.70 || 42.00 || 51.00 || 56.40 || 60.00<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==== Ammunition ====<br />
<br />
* '''Common:''' {{Annotation|API-T|M20 armour-piercing incendiary tracer}}{{-}}{{Annotation|I|M1 incendiary}}{{-}}{{Annotation|AP|M2 armour-piercing}}{{-}}{{Annotation|API-T|M20 armour-piercing incendiary tracer}} - These rounds work well until the others are researched.<br />
* '''API:''' {{Annotation|API-T|M20 armour-piercing incendiary tracer}}{{-}}{{Annotation|AP-I|M8 armour-piercing incendiary}}{{-}}{{Annotation|API-T|M20 armour-piercing incendiary tracer}} - These are absolutely devastating in the AA role with slightly less performance against enemy tanks than AP.<br />
* '''AP:''' {{Annotation|AP|M2 armour-piercing}}{{-}}{{Annotation|AP|M2 armour-piercing}}{{-}}{{Annotation|API-T|M20 armour-piercing incendiary tracer}} - These are best against enemy tanks at close range and do good damage to planes.<br />
* '''APIT:''' {{Annotation|API-T|M20 armour-piercing incendiary tracer}} - Better than API in all regards but not as good against tanks as AP, this is the belt of choice in almost all situations. Since every bullet is a tracer, it makes destroying aircraft much easier and detectability is not greatly increased over AP-I, however is increased a bit over AP.<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"<br />
! colspan="7" | Penetration statistics<br />
|-<br />
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Belt<br />
! colspan="6" | '''Penetration @ 0° Angle of Attack (mm)'''<br />
|-<br />
! 10 m !! 100 m !! 500 m !! 1,000 m !! 1,500 m !! 2,000 m<br />
|-<br />
| Common || 31 || 30 || 26 || 22 || 18 || 15<br />
|-<br />
| API || 30 || 29 || 24 || 20 || 16 || 13<br />
|-<br />
| AP || 31 || 30 || 26 || 22 || 18 || 15<br />
|-<br />
| APIT || 30 || 29 || 24 || 20 || 16 || 13<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"<br />
! colspan="10" | Belt details<br />
|-<br />
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Belt<br />
! rowspan="2" | Type of<br>warhead<br />
! rowspan="2" | Velocity<br>(m/s)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Projectile<br>Mass (kg)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Fuse delay<br>(m)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Fuse sensitivity<br>(mm)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Explosive Mass<br>(TNT equivalent) (g)<br />
! colspan="3" | Ricochet<br />
|-<br />
! 0% !! 50% !! 100%<br />
|-<br />
| APIT || API-T || 929 || 0.04 || N/A || N/A || N/A || 47° || 56° || 65°<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==== [[Ammo racks]] ====<br />
[[File:Ammoracks_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg|right|thumb|x250px|[[Ammo racks]] of the {{PAGENAME}}]]<br />
<!-- '''Last updated: 1.101.0.75''' --><br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"<br />
|-<br />
! Full<br>ammo<br />
! 1st<br>rack empty<br />
! 2nd<br>rack empty<br />
! Visual<br>discrepancy<br />
|-<br />
| '''24''' || 12&nbsp;''(+12)'' || 0&nbsp;''(+24)'' || Yes<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
Notes:<br />
<br />
* Although there are 24 ammo boxes, only 10 are modeled including 4 loaded on the machine guns.<br />
* Since there are four .50 M2HB machine guns, each reload will load 4 ammo boxes onto the guns with each box containing 200 rounds.<br />
<br />
== Usage in battles ==<br />
<!-- ''Describe the tactics of playing in the vehicle, the features of using vehicles in the team and advice on tactics. Refrain from creating a "guide" - do not impose a single point of view but instead give the reader food for thought. Describe the most dangerous enemies and give recommendations on fighting them. If necessary, note the specifics of the game in different modes (AB, RB, SB).'' --><br />
First of all go to a good open spot, most times it is enough to stay in the spawn point. Best ammunition for this vehicle are API (Armour Piercing Incendiary bullet) or APIT (Armour Piercing Incendiary Tracer bullet), as the specialized AP belt doesn't offer a significant advantage.<br />
<br />
"The Meat Chopper" is inaccurate when enemy planes are operating at high altitudes, but in these cases, its function is more psychological than effective. Shooting short bursts at enemy planes at high altitudes will show them that the team is always covered by AA fire and it won't be an easy task a ground attack.<br />
<br />
When an enemy is diving, the best way to defend the attack is by creating a thick fire curtain with prolonged bursts.<br />
The most vulnerable moment for aircraft is when they just dropped bombs or rockets and climb again. They´re flying very slow and become easy targets.<br />
Take care if planes are attacking. Fighters with their MG´s and cannons are a great menace. So start moving while firing and take cover behind trees or even buildings.<br />
<br />
Watch out for remaining ammunition. The {{PAGENAME}} has 800 rounds to shoot but reloading is very slow, making the {{PAGENAME}} and the team vulnerable in the worst moments. More than 200 rounds is a good margin.<br />
<br />
Don't try to do anti-tank tasks, the {{PAGENAME}} is equipped with 50 cal. Machine guns are not as effective as cannons at fighting more armoured vehicles, as they have much less penetration, so stay at the spawn point and do anti-aircraft work. The machine gun tracers can reveal enemy snipers position shooting, allowing teammates to see them, but it's not advisable.<br />
<br />
In addition, artillery barrages are very dangerous, move immediately and relocate.<br />
<br />
=== Modules ===<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
! Tier<br />
! colspan="2" | Mobility<br />
! Protection<br />
! colspan="2" | Firepower<br />
|-<br />
| I<br />
| Tracks<br />
|<br />
| Parts<br />
| API<br />
| Horizontal Drive<br />
|-<br />
| II<br />
| Suspension<br />
| Brake System<br />
| FPE<br />
| AP<br />
| Adjustment of Fire<br />
|-<br />
| III<br />
| Filters<br />
|<br />
| Crew Replenishment<br />
| APIT<br />
| Elevation Mechanism<br />
|-<br />
| IV<br />
| Transmission<br />
| Engine<br />
|<br />
| Artillery Support<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
=== Pros and cons ===<br />
<!-- ''Summarise and briefly evaluate the vehicle in terms of its characteristics and combat effectiveness. Mark its pros and cons in a bulleted list. Try not to use more than 6 points for each of the characteristics. Avoid using categorical definitions such as "bad", "good" and the like - use substitutions with softer forms such as "inadequate" and "effective".'' --><br />
<br />
'''Pros:'''<br />
<br />
* Powerful guns that can shred planes with well-aimed bursts within 1 km<br />
* API shells are powerful enough to damage or even destroy enemy light tanks and other SPAAs<br />
* Fast on flat ground and can remarkably speed through terrain that would impede wheeled vehicles<br />
* Can turn in place, compared to other wheeled SPAA<br />
* Great acceleration<br />
* Fast turret traverse allows following aircraft easily<br />
* Can shrug off rifle calibre ammunition (<7.92 mm) quite easily<br />
* Fast reverse speeds, can evacuate an area quickly if necessary<br />
* Accurate on the move<br />
* AP bullets can be used for hunting light tanks <br />
<br />
'''Cons:'''<br />
<br />
* Armour will not resist HMG fire and shrapnel<br />
* A nearby explosion will seriously damage the vehicle and injure or maim the crew<br />
* Fighter aircraft can destroy this vehicle, especially cannon-armed fighters<br />
* Can not hurt vehicles to a full extent of its rank and Battle Rating, excluding SPAA trucks and half-tracks<br />
* Engine catches fire easily and the vehicle can be "tracked<br />
* No weight to pull: Towing or pushing allies is nearly impossible unless it is a lighter vehicle<br />
* Prone to tipping over when turning at high speeds or travelling across steep inclines<br />
* Only 1 spare crew member<br />
* Cannot turn on the spot, as it is a half-track<br />
* Entire crew is exposed; a plane ramming you can knock out the crew<br />
* Vulnerable to artillery barrages since it has an open top<br />
<br />
== History ==<br />
<!-- ''Describe the history of the creation and combat usage of the vehicle in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the vehicle and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Vehicle-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>. This section may also include the vehicle's dev blog entry (if applicable) and the in-game encyclopedia description (under <code><nowiki>=== In-game description ===</nowiki></code>, also if applicable).'' --><br />
===Development===<br />
The role of a mobile anti-aircraft vehicle in the US Army was seen as necessary in order to protect ground troops from enemy aircraft at any place of their deployment. The first such development was the [[M13 MGMC|M13 MGMC]], which was an anti-aircraft system of two .50 cal machine gun on the back of an M3 Half-Track car. The M13 served with some success, but by 1943 an upgraded version was in production.<br />
<br />
The new vehicle in development was an improvement over the M13 MGMC from replacing the two .50 cal machine guns with four instead, while still based off the M13 design by using the M3 Half-Track as the chassis. The prototype was called the ''T61 MGMC'', but once accepted at the Aberdeen Proving Grounds, it was designated the '''M16 Multiple Gun Motor Carriage'''. During the evaluations, some changes to the design were made, including the addition of a gun shield. Production started in May 1943 and continued on until March 1944 with the production of 2,877 M16 MGMC vehicles by White Motor Company. An additional 568 M13 and 109 T10 Half-tracks were also converted into M16 vehicles for a total of about 3,550 M16 units made.<br />
<br />
===Combat usage===<br />
The M16 MGMC saw service in early 1944, replacing the M13 that came before it. Deployment of the M16 MGMC is usually alongside the [[M15A1 CGMC|M15 CGMC]], another anti-aircraft weapon equipped with a 37 mm autocannon as well as two .50 machine guns. The M16 MGMC was very popular with the troops as not only was it able to take down low-flying aircraft with relative ease, it was also used in an infantry support role where it earns the nickname "The Meat Chopper". The ability to provide covering fire with its four .50 calibre machine guns give the M16 a huge firepower advantage over the standard infantry and in some cases, were used to cut down trees where snipers were suspected to be hiding. The M16 also saw service with the Allies in the British Commonwealth and the Soviet Union, where they make use of it in the same way America did in anti-aircraft and ground support roles. The M16 saw service in the Italian Campaign, the French Campaign, and the Battle of the Bulge.<br />
<br />
After World War II, the M16 MGMC still saw service in American forces in the Korean War, as well as by their South Korean allies. While still superb at a ground support role, the advancing technology in aircraft make them more advanced and durable to the .50 calibre machine guns and so its effect as an anti-aircraft gun has diminished. By late 1951, the M16 MGMC was declared a "limited standard" and were gradually retired from US service, though they continued to serve until the end of the US involvement in the Korean War. The M16 MGMC was finally declared obsolete by 1958.<br />
<br />
=== In-game description ===<br />
The W.L. Maxson Corporation developed the M45 turret emplacement, which was equipped with four 12.7 mm Browning M2HB machine guns, to meet troop requirements for more concentrated defensive fire. The new turret was tested on the M2 half-track personnel carrier chassis, later moving to the M3 chassis.<br />
<br />
The self-propelled AA weapon with the new turret went through trials and was accepted as the M16 MGMC.<br />
<br />
The new vehicles were produced by the White Motor Company beginning in May 1943, continuing through 1943 and into 1944. In all, 2,877 units were assembled.<br />
<br />
Almost all of the M16 MGMCs served in the US army's AA divisions, while an additional 70 were sent to the Free French army. The model was used primarily in the European theater to go along with a small number that saw action in the Philippines.<br />
<br />
The M16 MGMC was successfully used against both air and ground targets, as well as to take out enemy infantry. It was also used somewhat widely by US army divisions during the Korean War, after which it was removed from service.<br />
<br />
== Media ==<br />
<!-- ''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.'' --><br />
<br />
;Skins<br />
<br />
* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicleCountry=usa&vehicleType=tank&vehicleClass=spaa&vehicle=us_halftrack_m16 Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]<br />
<br />
;Videos<br />
{{Youtube-gallery|ZyVCphSr60I|'''{{PAGENAME}} Tank Review''' - ''NUSensei''}}<br />
<br />
== See also ==<br />
<!-- ''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''<br />
* ''reference to the series of the vehicles;''<br />
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.'' --><br />
<br />
;Vehicles equipped with the same chassis<br />
<br />
* [[M13 MGMC]]<br />
* [[M15A1 CGMC]]<br />
* [[M3 GMC]]<br />
<br />
;Other vehicles of similar configuration and role<br />
<br />
* [[Sd.Kfz. 6/2]]<br />
* [[GAZ-MM (72-K)]]<br />
* [[T17E2]]<br />
<br />
== External links ==<br />
<!-- ''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''<br />
* ''topic on the official game forum;''<br />
* ''encyclopedia page on the tank;''<br />
* ''other literature.'' --><br />
<br />
* [[wt:en/devblog/current/677/|[Devblog] Steel Generals: M16 Halftrack]]<br />
* [[wt:en/devblog/current/719/|[Devblog] Developers about the M16 MGMC]]<br />
* [[wt:en/news/3511/current/|[Vehicle Profile] M16 MGMC - The Meat Chopper]]<br />
* [[wikipedia:M16_Multiple_Gun_Motor_Carriage|[Wikipedia] M16 Multiple Gun Motor Carriage]]<br />
* [https://tanks-encyclopedia.com/ww2/US/M3_Halftrack.php <nowiki>[Tanks Encyclopedia]</nowiki> Half Track Car M3]<br />
* [https://www.militaryfactory.com/armor/detail.asp?armor_id=935 <nowiki>[Military Factory]</nowiki> M16 Multiple Gun Motor Carriage (MGMC)]<br />
<br />
{{TankManufacturer White Motor Company}}<br />
{{USA anti-aircraft vehicles}}</div>U100542309https://wiki.warthunder.com/index.php?title=B-17E&diff=82148B-17E2020-12-21T01:37:03Z<p>U100542309: /* Usage in battles */</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Specs-Card|code=b-17e}}<br />
{{About<br />
| about = American bomber '''{{PAGENAME}}'''<br />
| usage = other versions<br />
| link = B-17 (Family)<br />
}}<br />
<br />
== Description ==<br />
<!-- ''In the description, the first part should be about the history of and the creation and combat usage of the aircraft, as well as its key features. In the second part, tell the reader about the aircraft in the game. Insert a screenshot of the vehicle, so that if the novice player does not remember the vehicle by name, he will immediately understand what kind of vehicle the article is talking about.'' --><br />
[[File:GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg|420px|thumb|left]]<br />
{{Break}}<br />
The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} American bomber {{Battle-rating}}. It has been in the game since the start of the Open Beta Test prior to Update 1.27.<br />
<br />
== General info ==<br />
=== Flight performance ===<br />
<!-- ''Describe how the aircraft behaves in the air. Speed, manoeuvrability, acceleration and allowable loads - these are the most important characteristics of the vehicle.'' --><br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"<br />
! rowspan="2" | Characteristics<br />
! colspan="2" | Max Speed<br>(km/h at 7,680 m)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude<br>(metres)<br />
! colspan="2" | Turn time<br>(seconds)<br />
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb<br>(metres/second)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run<br>(metres)<br />
|-<br />
! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB !! AB !! RB<br />
|-<br />
! Stock<br />
| 496 || 483 || rowspan="2" | {{Specs|ceiling}} || 36.9 || 37.9 || 5.8 || 5.7 || rowspan="2" | 600<br />
|-<br />
! Upgraded<br />
| 523 || 510 || 35.1 || 36.0 || 8.7 || 7.2<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==== Details ====<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="5" | Features<br />
|-<br />
! Combat flaps !! Take-off flaps !! Landing flaps !! Air brakes !! Arrestor gear<br />
|-<br />
| ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || X || X <!-- ✓ --><br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="7" | Limits<br />
|-<br />
! rowspan="2" | Wings (km/h)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Gear (km/h)<br />
! colspan="3" | Flaps (km/h)<br />
! colspan="2" | Max Static G<br />
|-<br />
! Combat !! Take-off !! Landing !! + !! -<br />
|-<br />
| {{Specs|destruction|body}} || {{Specs|destruction|gear}} || 400 || 400 || 249 || ~2 || ~1<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities (km/h)<br />
|-<br />
! Ailerons !! Rudder !! Elevators !! Radiator<br />
|-<br />
| < 330 || < 310 || < 270 || > 300<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="3" | Compressor (RB/SB)<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="3" | Setting 1<br />
|-<br />
! Optimal altitude<br />
! 100% Engine power<br />
! WEP Engine power<br />
|-<br />
| 6,180 m || 4,000 hp || 4,708 hp<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
=== Survivability and armour ===<br />
<!-- ''Examine the survivability of the aircraft. Note how vulnerable the structure is and how secure the pilot is, whether the fuel tanks are armoured, etc. Describe the armour, if there is any, and also mention the vulnerability of other critical aircraft systems.'' --><br />
<br />
* 6.35 mm Steel plate behind nose gunner.<br />
* 6.35 mm Steel plates behind pilots.<br />
* 6.35 mm Steel plates behind dorsal gunners.<br />
* 6.35 mm Steel plates in front of beam gunners.<br />
* 6.35 mm Steel plates in front of tail gunner.<br />
* 38 mm Bulletproof glass in front of tail gunner.<br />
* 38 mm Bulletproof glass ball turret.<br />
<br />
== Armaments ==<br />
=== Suspended armament ===<br />
<!-- ''Describe the aircraft's suspended armament: additional cannons under the wings, bombs, rockets and torpedoes. This section is especially important for bombers and attackers. If there is no suspended weaponry remove this subsection.'' --><br />
{{main|AN-M64A1 (500 lb)|AN-M65A1 (1,000 lb)|AN-M66A2 (2,000 lb)}}<br />
<br />
The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance:<br />
<br />
* 8 x 500 lb AN-M64A1 bombs (4,000 lb total)<br />
* 12 x 500 lb AN-M64A1 bombs (6,000 lb total)<br />
* 6 x 1,000 lb AN-M65A1 bombs (6,000 lb total)<br />
* 2 x 2,000 lb AN-M66A2 bombs (4,000 lb total)<br />
<br />
=== Defensive armament ===<br />
<!-- ''Defensive armament with turret machine guns or cannons, crewed by gunners. Examine the number of gunners and what belts or drums are better to use. If defensive weaponry is not available, remove this subsection.'' --><br />
{{main|M2 Browning (12.7 mm)|Browning (7.62 mm)}}<br />
<br />
The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is defended by:<br />
<br />
* 1 x 7.62 mm Browning machine gun, nose turret (500 rpg)<br />
* 2 x 12.7 mm M2 Browning machine gun, front dorsal turret (500 rpg = 1,000 total)<br />
* 1 x 12.7 mm M2 Browning machine gun, rear dorsal turret (500 rpg)<br />
* 1 x 12.7 mm M2 Browning machine gun, 2 x beam turret (400 rpg = 800 total)<br />
* 2 x 12.7 mm M2 Browning machine gun, ventral turret (500 rpg = 1,000 total)<br />
* 2 x 12.7 mm M2 Browning machine gun, tail turret (500 rpg = 1,000 total)<br />
<br />
== Usage in battles ==<br />
<!-- ''Describe the tactics of playing in the aircraft, the features of using aircraft in a team and advice on tactics. Refrain from creating a "guide" - do not impose a single point of view, but instead, give the reader food for thought. Examine the most dangerous enemies and give recommendations on fighting them. If necessary, note the specifics of the game in different modes (AB, RB, SB).'' --><br />
The B-17E Flying Fortress is intended to be used as a high-altitude level bomber in order to target airfields, bases, and land fortifications. Despite its large bomb load, it's not recommended to target moving ground units, such as tanks or armoured cars, especially when they are travelling in tight columns due to the inaccuracy of your bombs at high altitudes and the ability for the AI on the ground to perform evasive manoeuvres when bombs are falling onto their position. When using the B-17E, it is best to fly with another friendly bomber or fighter (if possible) to ensure maximum protection. If you are flying alone, side climb then fly along the edge of the map to the enemy base. NEVER fly directly toward the enemy base; interceptors will trace your path and shoot you down.<br />
<br />
The B-17E is designed specifically to withstand the harshest punishment during combat. The bomber itself provides plenty of armour along the fuselage and tail except for the nose, which is the only area that's not protected by any form of protection. The armour ranges from 6.35 mm sheets to a single 38 mm glass plate protecting the tail gunner. Speaking of armour protection, in order to ensure the greatest chance of survival during an interception, you must not move. The B-17E is not designed to execute sharp defensive manoeuvres (turns, dives, and rolls) unlike its predecessor the [[B-25J-20|B-25]], but rather designed to use its defensive armament provided (consisting of 12.7 mm and 7.62 mm turrets) to fight back against harassing enemy fighters. Some great advice for novice bombardiers is to include incendiary ammunition in your turret belts. This crucial precaution will guarantee more lethal firepower coming from your defensive armament, since not only are you penetrating armour, but you are also setting components ablaze. However, the armour and defensive armaments typically won't save you from the high tier interceptors and cannon-armed fighters (especially german heavy fighters/interceptors that are armed with 30 mm cannons and get air spawns) you will face. Since they are all heavily armoured, while possessing the ability to rip your wings off with a few 20 mm cannon shots or one shot you with the 30 mm from 1.5 km away, it is better to just avoid them all together by side climbing and using cloud cover when heading to the enemy base. NEVER head straight to the enemy base because the enemy player will trace your flight path from your spawn point to their base and easily intercept you. Also unlike the B-25, the B-17 does not have particularly effective armour or defensive armament in the front, so if an enemy fighter decides to go head on, try turning away to expose your tail, which is a lot more protected against the incoming fighter. If not then both pilots could get knocked out and send you straight back to the hanger.<br />
<br />
In conclusion, the B-17E is a great introduction for players using the American bomber line. Although it is not the "immortal gunship" B-17 of old, if used well, the B-17E is a force be reckoned with.<br />
<br />
=== Manual Engine Control ===<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="7" | MEC elements<br />
|-<br />
! rowspan="2" | Mixer<br />
! rowspan="2" | Pitch<br />
! colspan="3" | Radiator<br />
! rowspan="2" | Supercharger<br />
! rowspan="2" | Turbocharger<br />
|-<br />
! Oil !! Water !! Type<br />
|-<br />
| Controllable || Controllable<br>Auto control available || Not controllable<br>Not auto controlled || Controllable<br>Auto control available || Combined || Controllable<br>1 gear || Auto controlled<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
=== Modules ===<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
! Tier<br />
! colspan="2" | Flight performance<br />
! Survivability<br />
! colspan="2" | Weaponry<br />
|-<br />
| I<br />
| Fuselage repair<br />
| Radiator<br />
| Protective vest<br />
| Turret 7 mm<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
| II<br />
|<br />
| Compressor<br />
| Airframe<br />
| New 7 mm MGs (turret)<br />
| LBC-17<br />
|-<br />
| III<br />
| Wings repair<br />
| Engine<br />
|<br />
| Turret 12 mm<br />
| SBC-17<br />
|-<br />
| IV<br />
|<br />
|<br />
| Cover<br />
| New 12 mm MGs (turret)<br />
| MBC-17<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
As a slow and lumbering heavy bomber, the ''Flying Fortress'' relies entirely on its turrets for defence. Without it, the plane is a piñata. Thus, ''Protective vests'' should be the first unlock. Further survivability upgrades will make fending off attacks easier but do not think to stand successfully against enemy fighters. So upgrading the bomb load should be second priority. Performance modules can be considered least necessary, it will not go anywhere quick anyway.<br />
<br />
=== Pros and cons ===<br />
<!-- ''Summarise and briefly evaluate the vehicle in terms of its characteristics and combat effectiveness. Mark its pros and cons in the bulleted list. Try not to use more than 6 points for each of the characteristics. Avoid using categorical definitions such as "bad", "good" and the like - use substitutions with softer forms such as "inadequate" and "effective".'' --><br />
<br />
'''Pros:'''<br />
<br />
* Large bomb load<br />
* Heavy defensive armament<br />
* Multiple engines (preserves speed when damaged)<br />
* Very sturdy fuselage able to soak up heavy damage<br />
* Calibres below 12.7 mm are ineffective against it<br />
* Defensive armaments provide all-around coverage<br />
* Performs well at high altitudes<br />
<br />
'''Cons:'''<br />
<br />
* Poor climb rate<br />
* Nose is extremely vulnerable<br />
* Cannons are very effective against it<br />
* Multiple engines mean multiple fires<br />
* Sluggish controls and very difficult to manoeuvre<br />
* Engines will overheat at 100%<br />
* Slow, will likely encounter enemies that will intercept before you ever get anywhere near target<br />
* Wings and tail are rather fragile<br />
* .50 cals don't do as much damage as hoped for<br />
<br />
== History ==<br />
<!-- ''Describe the history of the creation and combat usage of the aircraft in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the vehicle and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Vehicle-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>. This section may also include the vehicle's dev blog entry (if applicable) and the in-game encyclopedia description (under <code><nowiki>=== In-game description ===</nowiki></code>, also if applicable).'' --><br />
<br />
The B-17E Flying Fortress was an improved version of the B-17D and earlier B-17 variants. It featured a tail gunner's position and a rotating dorsal turret behind the cockpit; both turret had an armament of two .50 cal M2 Browning machine guns. Previously, the B-17 had a blind spot at the rear, where no gunners could fire. The tail gunner's position allowed protection from the rear. To fit the new tail gunner's position, the fuselage had to be up-sized. A larger, redesigned vertical stabilizer was also added to the tail. Additionally, the teardrop shaped sliding panels at the waist gunners' stations were replaced by rectangular windows. This increased visibility from those positions. On the first 1/5 of the production run, the B-17E was equipped with a ventral remote-controlled Bendix turret, similar to that on the B-25 Mitchell.<br />
<br />
The production of the B-17E amounted to 512 aircraft, which gave the B-17E the distinction of being the first Flying Fortress variant to be mass produced. The production was too much for the Boeing factories to keep up with, so Lockheed and Douglas also produced the B-17E. Douglas built a new factory for the production of the Flying Fortress, and Boeing built an additional factory just for the production of the B-17. <br />
<br />
45 B-17E Flying Fortresses were transferred to the Royal Air Force (RAF) in 1942. These were designated as the Fortress IIA, and they were used by the Coastal Command to carry out anti-submarine patrols.<br />
<br />
=== In-game description ===<br />
The legendary B-17 American heavy bombers were rightly called Flying Fortresses. This four-engined heavy bomber was an all-metal hero, an extremely durable aircraft that could return to the airfield with just one engine, riddled with bullets.<br />
<br />
But the early models of the B-17 had a significant blind spot in the rear, so fighter support was required. To solve this problem, the B-17E was produced, and a turret with two 12.7mm machine guns was installed in the tail section of the aircraft. To do this, the fuselage size had to be increased. In addition, to improve control of the plane, the tail was broadened and a larger vertical fin was installed.<br />
<br />
Although it lost some speed when compared to the B-17D, the new model fared favorably with its new protection and thus became the first truly mass-produced B-17. From September 5, 1941 to May 1942, 512 aircraft were made on the production line, before the development of the B-17F.<br />
<br />
== Media ==<br />
<!-- ''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.'' --><br />
<br />
;Skins<br />
<br />
* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicleCountry=usa&vehicleType=aircraft&vehicleClass=bomber&vehicle=b-17e Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]<br />
<br />
;Videos<br />
{{Youtube-gallery|DoZLyWJ5lRw|'''The Shooting Range #222''' - ''Pages of History'' section at 03:55 discusses air combats between the {{PAGENAME}} and H6Ks in the Pacific.}}<br />
<br />
== See also ==<br />
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''<br />
<br />
* ''reference to the series of the aircraft;''<br />
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''<br />
<br />
== External links ==<br />
''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''<br />
<br />
* ''topic on the official game forum;''<br />
* ''encyclopedia page on the aircraft;''<br />
* ''other literature.''<br />
<br />
{{AirManufacturer Boeing}}<br />
{{USA bombers}}</div>U100542309https://wiki.warthunder.com/index.php?title=M5A1&diff=82147M5A12020-12-21T01:23:49Z<p>U100542309: /* Pros and cons */</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Specs-Card|code=us_m5a1_stuart}}<br />
{{About<br />
| about = American light tank '''{{PAGENAME}}'''<br />
|other<br />
|usage-1 = other uses<br />
|link-1 = M5 (Disambiguation)<br />
|usage-2 = other vehicles of the family<br />
|link-2 = M5 Stuart (Family)<br />
}}<br />
<br />
== Description ==<br />
<!-- ''In the description, the first part should be about the history of the creation and combat usage of the vehicle, as well as its key features. In the second part, tell the reader about the ground vehicle in the game. Insert a screenshot of the vehicle, so that if the novice player does not remember the vehicle by name, he will immediately understand what kind of vehicle the article is talking about.'' --><br />
[[File:GarageImage_M5A1Stuart.jpg|420px|thumb|left]]<br />
{{Break}}<br />
The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} American light tank {{Battle-rating}}. It was one of the first American tanks to be released with the American ground tree in [[Update 1.45 "Steel Generals"]]. An improvement over the earlier [[M3 Stuart|M3 Stuarts]] with better front sloping armour, it helps the light tank keep up to date with the evolving tanks of the time.<br />
<br />
== General info ==<br />
=== Survivability and armour ===<br />
<!-- ''Describe armour protection. Note the most well protected and key weak areas. Appreciate the layout of modules as well as the number and location of crew members. Is the level of armour protection sufficient, is the placement of modules helpful for survival in combat? If necessary use a visual template to indicate the most secure and weak zones of the armour.'' --><br />
'''Armour type:'''<br />
<br />
* Rolled homogeneous armour<br />
* Cast homogeneous armour (Gun mantlet, Lower glacis)<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|-<br />
! Armour !! Front (Slope angle) !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof<br />
|-<br />
| Hull || 28.5 mm (49°) ''Front glacis'' <br> 63.5 mm (33-37°) ''Lower glacis'' || 28.5 mm || 28.5 mm (46°) ''Top'' <br> 25.4 mm (1°) ''Middle'' <br> 25.4 mm (20°) ''Bottom'' || 12.7 mm<br />
|-<br />
| Turret || 44.4 mm (11-13°) ''Turret front'' <br> 50.8 mm (2-43°) ''Gun mantlet'' || 31.75 mm (1°) || 31.75 mm (1°) || 12.7 mm<br />
|}<br />
'''Notes:'''<br />
<br />
* Suspension wheels, bogies, and tracks are 15 mm thick.<br />
* Tracks are placed on the turret side and rear that can provide about 10 mm of extra armour.<br />
* An extra 12.7 mm RHA metal plate is present on the right side of the turret near the pintle 7.62 mm machine gun.<br />
* A 5 mm Structural steel box is present, mounted on the vehicle rear.<br />
<br />
=== Mobility ===<br />
<!-- ''Write about the mobility of the ground vehicle. Estimate the specific power and manoeuvrability, as well as the maximum speed forwards and backwards.'' --><br />
<br />
{{tankMobility|abMinHp=459|rbMinHp=262}}<br />
<br />
== Armaments ==<br />
=== Main armament ===<br />
<!-- ''Give the reader information about the characteristics of the main gun. Assess its effectiveness in a battle based on the reloading speed, ballistics and the power of shells. Do not forget about the flexibility of the fire, that is how quickly the cannon can be aimed at the target, open fire on it and aim at another enemy. Add a link to the main article on the gun: <code><nowiki>{{main|Name of the weapon}}</nowiki></code>. Describe in general terms the ammunition available for the main gun. Give advice on how to use them and how to fill the ammunition storage.'' --><br />
{{main|M6 (37 mm)}}The M5A1 Stuart is armed with a 37 mm cannon as its main armament, the same gun as the preceding M3A3. While being at 2.3, the gun still packs a fierce punch if aiming at the correct area and firing at the correct distance. It is a small calibre fast-firing gun with a maximum penetration of 84 mm at 100 m (M51B1/B2 shell), being able to penetrate most of the opponents it will face. The penetration power and gun accuracy drop a lot beyond 500 m and become unreliable past 700 m. The gun is equipped with a vertical stabiliser, giving the M5A1 Stuart a huge advantage in some cases as you can fire precisely while moving, but keep in mind that it activates only when the tank is driving under 10 km/h.<br />
<br />
While it lacks the post-penetration damage to disable most enemies in one shot, it can quickly finish them off with its fast reload. Knowledge of enemy vehicle layouts is essential with ammunition lacking post-penetration explosive damage. Make sure to target modules and crew positions to maximise the damage. Disabling the enemy gunner on your first shot will be critical to win engagements as you'll most likely need several shots to destroy an enemy vehicle.<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="5" | [[M6 (37 mm)|37 mm M6]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)<br />
|-<br />
! Mode !! Capacity !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer<br />
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced<br />
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced<br />
|-<br />
! ''Arcade''<br />
| rowspan="2" | 147 || rowspan="2" | -12°/+20° || rowspan="2" | ±180° || rowspan="2" | Vertical || 22.85 || 31.62 || 38.40 || 42.47 || 45.18 || rowspan="2" | 3.77 || rowspan="2" | 3.33 || rowspan="2" | 3.07 || rowspan="2" | 2.90<br />
|-<br />
! ''Realistic''<br />
| 14.28 || 16.80 || 20.40 || 22.56 || 24.00<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==== Ammunition ====<br />
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"<br />
! colspan="8" | Penetration statistics<br />
|-<br />
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition<br />
! rowspan="2" | Type of<br>warhead<br />
! colspan="6" | '''Penetration @ 0° Angle of Attack (mm)'''<br />
|-<br />
! 10 m !! 100 m !! 500 m !! 1,000 m !! 1,500 m !! 2,000 m<br />
|-<br />
| M74B1 || AP || 79 || 76 || 65 || 54 || 45 || 37<br />
|-<br />
| M63 shell || HE || 3 || 3 || 3 || 3 || 3 || 3<br />
|-<br />
| M51B1/B2 || APCBC || 87 || 84 || 73 || 60 || 50 || 41<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"<br />
! colspan="10" | Shell details<br />
|-<br />
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition<br />
! rowspan="2" | Type of<br>warhead<br />
! rowspan="2" | Velocity<br>(m/s)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Projectile<br>Mass (kg)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Fuse delay<br>(m)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Fuse sensitivity<br>(mm)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Explosive Mass<br>(TNT equivalent) (g)<br />
! colspan="3" | Ricochet<br />
|-<br />
! 0% !! 50% !! 100%<br />
|-<br />
| M74B1 || AP || 883 || 0.87 || N/A || N/A || N/A || 47° || 60° || 65°<br />
|-<br />
| M63 shell || HE || 807 || 0.73 || 0.1 || 0.5 || 38 || 79° || 80° || 81°<br />
|-<br />
| M51B1/B2 || APCBC || 883 || 0.87 || N/A || N/A || N/A || 48° || 63° || 71°<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==== [[Ammo racks]] ====<br />
[[File:Ammoracks_{{PAGENAME}}.png|right|thumb|x250px|[[Ammo racks]] of the {{PAGENAME}}]]<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"<br />
|-<br />
! Full<br>ammo<br />
! 1st<br>rack empty<br />
! 2nd<br>rack empty<br />
! 3rd<br>rack empty<br />
! 4th<br>rack empty<br />
! Visual<br>discrepancy<br />
|-<br />
| '''147''' || 111 ''(+36)'' || 74 ''(+73)'' || 37 ''(+110)'' || 1 ''(+146)'' || No<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
=== Machine guns ===<br />
<!-- ''Offensive and anti-aircraft machine guns not only allow you to fight some aircraft but also are effective against lightly armoured vehicles. Evaluate machine guns and give recommendations on its use.'' --><br />
{{main|M1919A4 (7.62 mm)}}The M5A1 Stuart has two 7.62 mm M1919A4 machine guns, one being coaxial to the main gun and the other roof mounted on the right side of the turret. The two machine guns can quickly incapacitate the exposed crews on some vehicles or do some serious damage to those low-passing planes. However it lacks the ability to effectively damage even lightly armoured vehicles due to its low penetration of only 10 mm.<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="5" | [[M1919A4 (7.62 mm)|7.62 mm M1919A4]]<br />
|-<br />
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal<br />
|-<br />
| Pintle || 3,000 (250) || 500 || -10°/+70° || ±60°<br />
|-<br />
| Coaxial || 3,000 (250) || 500 || N/A || N/A<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
== Usage in battles ==<br />
<!-- ''Describe the tactics of playing in the vehicle, the features of using vehicles in the team and advice on tactics. Refrain from creating a "guide" - do not impose a single point of view but instead give the reader food for thought. Describe the most dangerous enemies and give recommendations on fighting them. If necessary, note the specifics of the game in different modes (AB, RB, SB).'' --><br />
The M5A1 Stuart preserves the Rank I style of fighting. With very good mobility and fast reload, the light tank can speed to an optimal position on the enemy's side and riddle them with the 37 mm cannon. It is recommended to attack from the flanks as the weak armour on the Stuart makes it vulnerable to the newer enemy guns that can penetrate the armour with ease.<br />
<br />
With the fast reloading 37 mm cannon, the M5A1 Stuart can deliver some good-hitting rounds if shooting at the flank at the enemies. A frontal engagement is possible but detrimental as Stuart's thin armour makes any incoming shot lethal. If coming up to heavily armoured vehicles like the [[KV-1 (L-11)|KV-1]], load the M74B1 AP round for maximum penetration. In the case the M5A1 does come across a KV-1, the recommended course of action to take it out is to get in a point-blank range and fire at the turret ring or engine rear, otherwise, there is no way for the Stuart's 37 mm to penetrate the armour.<br />
<br />
With its weak overall armour, most enemies are able to penetrate the M5A1 Stuart. A specific concern should be to vehicles with a high rate of fire weaponry such as the SPAA, which might be able to penetrate through weak points around the Stuart with enough effort. Enemies with strong shells like the [[Pz.IV F1|Panzer IV]] with it's short 75 mm and its HEAT rounds could also destroy the Stuart with ease.<br />
<br />
With its speed and relatively small size, as well as the ability to scout, the Stuart can be used as a reconnaissance vehicle. Even if you cannot penetrate heavily armored opponents, you can help your allies by scouting the opposing tanks. This, combined with its decent firepower, makes the Stuart an amazing scout vehicle.<br />
<br />
=== Enemies worth noting: ===<br />
The M5, although agile, is still not the fastest tank at its rank. When your opposite team has Germany, you might want to reconsider the option of capping a point straight away, since the German Sd.Kfz.234 series are very likely to be there first. The [[Sd.Kfz.234/2|''Sd.Kfz.234/2'']] (also known as the Puma) is a turreted 8-wheel vehicle with a small profile, extremely high on-road speed and a powerful 50mm gun. But it cannot turn in place, has a very slow turret traverse and only 8mm of side hull armour, so a good tactic is to circle with it and utilise your rather quick turret traverse and fast reload. In an intense tank "dogfight", you want to aim with the greatest care, as your 37mm shells won't do much damage, so even a slight miss will result in the failure of killing the enemies' crew. The [[Sd.Kfz.234/3|''Sd.Kfz.234/3'']] and [[Sd.Kfz.234/4|''Sd.Kfz.234/4'']], although being equally deadly, are turretless. You can use some quick turns to avoid their guns or tear through the thin armour plate protecting their gunners with your 7.62mm MG. Note that the penetration of the MG isn't great, so aim for their side armor.<br />
<br />
=== Modules ===<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
! Tier<br />
! colspan="2" | Mobility<br />
! Protection<br />
! colspan="2" | Firepower<br />
|-<br />
| I<br />
| Tracks<br />
|<br />
| Parts<br />
| Horizontal Drive<br />
| M51B1/B2<br />
|-<br />
| II<br />
| Suspension<br />
| Brake System<br />
| FPE<br />
| Adjustment of Fire<br />
| Airstrike<br />
|-<br />
| III<br />
| Filters<br />
|<br />
| Crew Replenishment<br />
| Elevation Mechanism<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
| IV<br />
| Transmission<br />
| Engine<br />
|<br />
| Artillery Support<br />
| Improved optics<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
=== Pros and cons ===<br />
<!-- ''Summarise and briefly evaluate the vehicle in terms of its characteristics and combat effectiveness. Mark its pros and cons in a bulleted list. Try not to use more than 6 points for each of the characteristics. Avoid using categorical definitions such as "bad", "good" and the like - use substitutions with softer forms such as "inadequate" and "effective".'' --><br />
<br />
'''Pros:'''<br />
<br />
* High top speed, good acceleration especially on flat terrain<br />
* Better handling than it's predecessors, quick turning speeds<br />
* Sloped armour can deflect some shots from small calibre projectiles<br />
* Good rate of fire<br />
* Gun can penetrate most tanks of this rank<br />
* Can quickly rotate in place while not in forward or reverse motion<br />
* Roof mounted 30.cal is useful for engaging aircraft<br />
* Has access to scouting ability<br />
<br />
'''Cons:'''<br />
<br />
* Crew of four leaving one spare, vehicle efficiency decreases after the spare crew is used up<br />
* Exposed engine and fuel tank, prone to fires<br />
* As with the American 37 mm cannons, AP rounds does not contain HE filler<br />
* AP Shots often fail to fragment when penetrating other vehicles<br />
* Relatively tall for a light tank, a challenge to find adequate defensive positions<br />
* 37 mm cannon has low pentation which makes it difficult to fight enemy tanks at it's BR<br />
* Little armor; can easily be penetrated by enemy tanks<br />
<br />
== History ==<br />
<!-- ''Describe the history of the creation and combat usage of the vehicle in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the vehicle and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Vehicle-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>. This section may also include the vehicle's dev blog entry (if applicable) and the in-game encyclopedia description (under <code><nowiki>=== In-game description ===</nowiki></code>, also if applicable).'' --><br />
===Development===<br />
The American light tank design prior to World War II, the [[M2A4|M2 light tank]], was seen as obsolete after observing Germany's Panzer forces tear through Europe. The design was to be upgraded with more armour, a better suspension, and a new gun recoil system. The revised version was designated the '''[[M3 Stuart|Light Tank M3]]''', and given the name '''"General Stuart"''' by the British, which becomes part of the name. At its basis, the light tank had a 37 mm cannon with a similar layout as the M2 light tank, with the radial engine at the rear and the transmission on the front, though the radial engine was in high demand so the Guiberson diesel T-1210 were fitted in some models to substitute the engine. The design used the VVSS bogie system seen on previous American tank designs. The tank had a crew of four: driver, assistant driver, gunner, and commander, who doubled as the loader.<br />
<br />
The first variant of the M3 Stuart light tank was very similar to the M2 light tanks. It had five machine gun armaments scattered around like the M2 but featured better armour and a better cannon with the 37 mm M6 cannon. The design did not have a turret basket for the crew and it was constructed out of rivets, which increased the chance of spalling in the tank. Nevertheless, the first variant M3 saw about 5,811 units produced. The second variant, the '''[[M3A1 Stuart|Light Tank M3A1 Stuart]]''', featured a new turret with no cupola on it, plus an added gun stabilizer. The machine guns on the hull sides were removed, so now the total machine guns were reduced from five to three. The design also featured a welded armour design to remove the weakness of riveted armour. 4,621 of this variant was produced from May 1942 to February 1943. The most used variant, the [[M5A1 (5th arm.div.)|'''Light Tank M5A1 Stuart''',]] had a completely redesigned hull and turret, with the hull most notably having a full sloping frontal armour than the previous designs. This variant had about 6,810 units produced. All in all, the Stuart light tank design and its variants were produced in massive quantities from March 1941 to October 1943 with a total of 25,000 units produced.<br />
<br />
===Combat usage===<br />
The British were the first to use the M3 Stuart in Africa in 1941, using it in Operation Crusader. However, the result ended with heavy losses, due to the better training the German Afrika Korps had compared to the British tank doctrine. The encounter also pointed out many flaws in the Stuart, mainly the cramped interior and limited operational range, but was praised for its high mobility and reliability when compared to the British contemporary designs. In 1942, the Stuarts were generally kept as recon units rather than combat units, and some were even modified to improve speed and range by removing the turret, and others were converted to armoured personnel carriers and command vehicles. Though the British used it extensively, it was still in small proportion compared to American usage. The Soviet Union was also another user of the Stuart tanks but found it unfavourable due to their own logistics, plus it was not made to withstand the Russian ''Rasputitsa'' or even the winter. The Soviet eventually turned down any more offers for the Stuart by 1943. The Stuarts also supported the British and Chinese forces in Asia against the Japanese Army, and also France and Yugoslavia in Europe against the German Wehrmacht.<br />
<br />
The Americans used it widely in both operational theatres. In the Pacific, the Stuarts were the first tanks America used in a tank vs. tank operation against the Imperial Japanese Army, where five M3s fought Type 95 Ha-Gos in the Phillippines. Though the Stuarts were newer than the Japanese tank designs by about five years, they were seen as equal in performance and firepower, but the Stuart benefited by the support of the American industry arm. The Stuarts served in the Pacific slightly better than its heavier counterparts such as the [[M4|M4 Shermans]] due to its lighter weight and manoeuvrability in the poor jungle terrain, but the Stuarts in the Pacific were gradually replaced by M4 Shermans. In Europe, the Stuarts formed a large part of the American tank battalions, though following the British path by sidelining the Stuarts from combat duties after heavy losses and to serve alongside Shermans as scouting units. A typical tank battalion for the US Army consisted of three companies of Shermans and one of the Stuarts. The Stuarts, other than scouting, were also used in cavalry roles and infantry support since their cannon are unable to compete with the German tank designs. Despite their dwindling capabilities in battle, the Stuart was kept in service up until the end of the war due to the large production numbers.<br />
<br />
After World War II, the Stuarts were given out as cheap surplus, countries such as China, India, and Pakistan picked up a few and used them in their conflicts. Portuguese also picked up a few Stuarts for the war in Angola, and the South African Corps continued using the Stuarts until 1955, where some were still kept in service until 1968 due to available parts. Today, Paraguay is still a user of the Stuart light tanks, though as the only tracked armour used in the country.<br />
<br />
The Stuart light tank design was also quite versatile that it was made into different variants for different roles on the battlefield. It served as an infantry support vehicle as to the ''[[M8A1|75mm GMC M8]]'' and experiments were also taken to see if it could be adapted to an anti-aircraft gun and a flamethrower as well. However, the Stuarts were becoming an ageing design with inferior armour, cramped interior layout, and a small 37 mm gun, so a program to replace the light tank began in 1943 and became the [[M24|M24 Chaffee]], which would eventually replace the Stuarts mostly after World War II.<br />
<br />
=== In-game description ===<br />
In November 1942 the M5 Stuart light tank was outfitted with an M3A3 turret, resulting in the Stuart series' final modification. The bulwark was made standard, different from the M5, and a safety hatch was added to the hull floor in addition to a new periscope in the turret. The tank commander got a second turret rotator and the ability to control the turret separately from the gunner. Late model M5A1s were characterized by armored cover for the anti-aircraft gun emplacement and an equipment case on the back of the hull. In addition, stamped weight-bearing rollers began to be used in the running gear.<br />
<br />
M5A1s were produced by Cadillac and American Car & Foundry (beginning in September 1943). By June 1944 a total of 6,810 had been made, making the M5A1 modification the most popular.<br />
<br />
At the time of the Normandy invasion the US army primarily used M5A1s, though it was difficult for them to get through the Normandy hedges. Even equipped with special hedge-clearing equipment, light tanks often got stuck due to their under-powered engines, making them easy prey for German anti-tank guns. Thinner than on medium tanks, their armor made them especially vulnerable to panzerfausts. The battles of summer 1944 saw heavy losses in light tank companies. The casualty rate decreased during the fall somewhat, primarily because they played a lesser role and division commanders tried to keep them out of battles where they might face stronger opponents. In contrast to the Americans, the British used M3A3s and even M3A1s in addition to the M5A1 in Europe. They predominantly played a reconnaissance and command role.<br />
<br />
== Media ==<br />
<!-- ''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.'' --><br />
<br />
;Skins<br />
<br />
* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicleCountry=usa&vehicleType=tank&vehicleClass=light_tank&vehicle=us_m5a1_stuart Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]<br />
<br />
;Videos<br />
{{Youtube-gallery|1yg1DAEbG8A|'''The Stuart Family''' discusses the {{PAGENAME}} at 2:46 - ''War Thunder Official Channel''|Fp_bu-8bAmM|'''{{PAGENAME}} Tank Review''' - ''NUSensei''}}<br />
<br />
== See also ==<br />
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''<br />
<br />
* ''reference to the series of the vehicles;''<br />
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''<br />
<br />
== External links ==<br />
''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''<br />
<br />
* ''topic on the official game forum;''<br />
* ''encyclopedia page on the tank;''<br />
* ''other literature.''<br />
<br />
{{USA light tanks}}</div>U100542309https://wiki.warthunder.com/index.php?title=M5A1&diff=82146M5A12020-12-21T01:22:36Z<p>U100542309: /* Pros and cons */</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Specs-Card|code=us_m5a1_stuart}}<br />
{{About<br />
| about = American light tank '''{{PAGENAME}}'''<br />
|other<br />
|usage-1 = other uses<br />
|link-1 = M5 (Disambiguation)<br />
|usage-2 = other vehicles of the family<br />
|link-2 = M5 Stuart (Family)<br />
}}<br />
<br />
== Description ==<br />
<!-- ''In the description, the first part should be about the history of the creation and combat usage of the vehicle, as well as its key features. In the second part, tell the reader about the ground vehicle in the game. Insert a screenshot of the vehicle, so that if the novice player does not remember the vehicle by name, he will immediately understand what kind of vehicle the article is talking about.'' --><br />
[[File:GarageImage_M5A1Stuart.jpg|420px|thumb|left]]<br />
{{Break}}<br />
The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} American light tank {{Battle-rating}}. It was one of the first American tanks to be released with the American ground tree in [[Update 1.45 "Steel Generals"]]. An improvement over the earlier [[M3 Stuart|M3 Stuarts]] with better front sloping armour, it helps the light tank keep up to date with the evolving tanks of the time.<br />
<br />
== General info ==<br />
=== Survivability and armour ===<br />
<!-- ''Describe armour protection. Note the most well protected and key weak areas. Appreciate the layout of modules as well as the number and location of crew members. Is the level of armour protection sufficient, is the placement of modules helpful for survival in combat? If necessary use a visual template to indicate the most secure and weak zones of the armour.'' --><br />
'''Armour type:'''<br />
<br />
* Rolled homogeneous armour<br />
* Cast homogeneous armour (Gun mantlet, Lower glacis)<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|-<br />
! Armour !! Front (Slope angle) !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof<br />
|-<br />
| Hull || 28.5 mm (49°) ''Front glacis'' <br> 63.5 mm (33-37°) ''Lower glacis'' || 28.5 mm || 28.5 mm (46°) ''Top'' <br> 25.4 mm (1°) ''Middle'' <br> 25.4 mm (20°) ''Bottom'' || 12.7 mm<br />
|-<br />
| Turret || 44.4 mm (11-13°) ''Turret front'' <br> 50.8 mm (2-43°) ''Gun mantlet'' || 31.75 mm (1°) || 31.75 mm (1°) || 12.7 mm<br />
|}<br />
'''Notes:'''<br />
<br />
* Suspension wheels, bogies, and tracks are 15 mm thick.<br />
* Tracks are placed on the turret side and rear that can provide about 10 mm of extra armour.<br />
* An extra 12.7 mm RHA metal plate is present on the right side of the turret near the pintle 7.62 mm machine gun.<br />
* A 5 mm Structural steel box is present, mounted on the vehicle rear.<br />
<br />
=== Mobility ===<br />
<!-- ''Write about the mobility of the ground vehicle. Estimate the specific power and manoeuvrability, as well as the maximum speed forwards and backwards.'' --><br />
<br />
{{tankMobility|abMinHp=459|rbMinHp=262}}<br />
<br />
== Armaments ==<br />
=== Main armament ===<br />
<!-- ''Give the reader information about the characteristics of the main gun. Assess its effectiveness in a battle based on the reloading speed, ballistics and the power of shells. Do not forget about the flexibility of the fire, that is how quickly the cannon can be aimed at the target, open fire on it and aim at another enemy. Add a link to the main article on the gun: <code><nowiki>{{main|Name of the weapon}}</nowiki></code>. Describe in general terms the ammunition available for the main gun. Give advice on how to use them and how to fill the ammunition storage.'' --><br />
{{main|M6 (37 mm)}}The M5A1 Stuart is armed with a 37 mm cannon as its main armament, the same gun as the preceding M3A3. While being at 2.3, the gun still packs a fierce punch if aiming at the correct area and firing at the correct distance. It is a small calibre fast-firing gun with a maximum penetration of 84 mm at 100 m (M51B1/B2 shell), being able to penetrate most of the opponents it will face. The penetration power and gun accuracy drop a lot beyond 500 m and become unreliable past 700 m. The gun is equipped with a vertical stabiliser, giving the M5A1 Stuart a huge advantage in some cases as you can fire precisely while moving, but keep in mind that it activates only when the tank is driving under 10 km/h.<br />
<br />
While it lacks the post-penetration damage to disable most enemies in one shot, it can quickly finish them off with its fast reload. Knowledge of enemy vehicle layouts is essential with ammunition lacking post-penetration explosive damage. Make sure to target modules and crew positions to maximise the damage. Disabling the enemy gunner on your first shot will be critical to win engagements as you'll most likely need several shots to destroy an enemy vehicle.<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="5" | [[M6 (37 mm)|37 mm M6]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)<br />
|-<br />
! Mode !! Capacity !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer<br />
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced<br />
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced<br />
|-<br />
! ''Arcade''<br />
| rowspan="2" | 147 || rowspan="2" | -12°/+20° || rowspan="2" | ±180° || rowspan="2" | Vertical || 22.85 || 31.62 || 38.40 || 42.47 || 45.18 || rowspan="2" | 3.77 || rowspan="2" | 3.33 || rowspan="2" | 3.07 || rowspan="2" | 2.90<br />
|-<br />
! ''Realistic''<br />
| 14.28 || 16.80 || 20.40 || 22.56 || 24.00<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==== Ammunition ====<br />
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"<br />
! colspan="8" | Penetration statistics<br />
|-<br />
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition<br />
! rowspan="2" | Type of<br>warhead<br />
! colspan="6" | '''Penetration @ 0° Angle of Attack (mm)'''<br />
|-<br />
! 10 m !! 100 m !! 500 m !! 1,000 m !! 1,500 m !! 2,000 m<br />
|-<br />
| M74B1 || AP || 79 || 76 || 65 || 54 || 45 || 37<br />
|-<br />
| M63 shell || HE || 3 || 3 || 3 || 3 || 3 || 3<br />
|-<br />
| M51B1/B2 || APCBC || 87 || 84 || 73 || 60 || 50 || 41<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"<br />
! colspan="10" | Shell details<br />
|-<br />
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition<br />
! rowspan="2" | Type of<br>warhead<br />
! rowspan="2" | Velocity<br>(m/s)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Projectile<br>Mass (kg)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Fuse delay<br>(m)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Fuse sensitivity<br>(mm)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Explosive Mass<br>(TNT equivalent) (g)<br />
! colspan="3" | Ricochet<br />
|-<br />
! 0% !! 50% !! 100%<br />
|-<br />
| M74B1 || AP || 883 || 0.87 || N/A || N/A || N/A || 47° || 60° || 65°<br />
|-<br />
| M63 shell || HE || 807 || 0.73 || 0.1 || 0.5 || 38 || 79° || 80° || 81°<br />
|-<br />
| M51B1/B2 || APCBC || 883 || 0.87 || N/A || N/A || N/A || 48° || 63° || 71°<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==== [[Ammo racks]] ====<br />
[[File:Ammoracks_{{PAGENAME}}.png|right|thumb|x250px|[[Ammo racks]] of the {{PAGENAME}}]]<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"<br />
|-<br />
! Full<br>ammo<br />
! 1st<br>rack empty<br />
! 2nd<br>rack empty<br />
! 3rd<br>rack empty<br />
! 4th<br>rack empty<br />
! Visual<br>discrepancy<br />
|-<br />
| '''147''' || 111 ''(+36)'' || 74 ''(+73)'' || 37 ''(+110)'' || 1 ''(+146)'' || No<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
=== Machine guns ===<br />
<!-- ''Offensive and anti-aircraft machine guns not only allow you to fight some aircraft but also are effective against lightly armoured vehicles. Evaluate machine guns and give recommendations on its use.'' --><br />
{{main|M1919A4 (7.62 mm)}}The M5A1 Stuart has two 7.62 mm M1919A4 machine guns, one being coaxial to the main gun and the other roof mounted on the right side of the turret. The two machine guns can quickly incapacitate the exposed crews on some vehicles or do some serious damage to those low-passing planes. However it lacks the ability to effectively damage even lightly armoured vehicles due to its low penetration of only 10 mm.<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="5" | [[M1919A4 (7.62 mm)|7.62 mm M1919A4]]<br />
|-<br />
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal<br />
|-<br />
| Pintle || 3,000 (250) || 500 || -10°/+70° || ±60°<br />
|-<br />
| Coaxial || 3,000 (250) || 500 || N/A || N/A<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
== Usage in battles ==<br />
<!-- ''Describe the tactics of playing in the vehicle, the features of using vehicles in the team and advice on tactics. Refrain from creating a "guide" - do not impose a single point of view but instead give the reader food for thought. Describe the most dangerous enemies and give recommendations on fighting them. If necessary, note the specifics of the game in different modes (AB, RB, SB).'' --><br />
The M5A1 Stuart preserves the Rank I style of fighting. With very good mobility and fast reload, the light tank can speed to an optimal position on the enemy's side and riddle them with the 37 mm cannon. It is recommended to attack from the flanks as the weak armour on the Stuart makes it vulnerable to the newer enemy guns that can penetrate the armour with ease.<br />
<br />
With the fast reloading 37 mm cannon, the M5A1 Stuart can deliver some good-hitting rounds if shooting at the flank at the enemies. A frontal engagement is possible but detrimental as Stuart's thin armour makes any incoming shot lethal. If coming up to heavily armoured vehicles like the [[KV-1 (L-11)|KV-1]], load the M74B1 AP round for maximum penetration. In the case the M5A1 does come across a KV-1, the recommended course of action to take it out is to get in a point-blank range and fire at the turret ring or engine rear, otherwise, there is no way for the Stuart's 37 mm to penetrate the armour.<br />
<br />
With its weak overall armour, most enemies are able to penetrate the M5A1 Stuart. A specific concern should be to vehicles with a high rate of fire weaponry such as the SPAA, which might be able to penetrate through weak points around the Stuart with enough effort. Enemies with strong shells like the [[Pz.IV F1|Panzer IV]] with it's short 75 mm and its HEAT rounds could also destroy the Stuart with ease.<br />
<br />
With its speed and relatively small size, as well as the ability to scout, the Stuart can be used as a reconnaissance vehicle. Even if you cannot penetrate heavily armored opponents, you can help your allies by scouting the opposing tanks. This, combined with its decent firepower, makes the Stuart an amazing scout vehicle.<br />
<br />
=== Enemies worth noting: ===<br />
The M5, although agile, is still not the fastest tank at its rank. When your opposite team has Germany, you might want to reconsider the option of capping a point straight away, since the German Sd.Kfz.234 series are very likely to be there first. The [[Sd.Kfz.234/2|''Sd.Kfz.234/2'']] (also known as the Puma) is a turreted 8-wheel vehicle with a small profile, extremely high on-road speed and a powerful 50mm gun. But it cannot turn in place, has a very slow turret traverse and only 8mm of side hull armour, so a good tactic is to circle with it and utilise your rather quick turret traverse and fast reload. In an intense tank "dogfight", you want to aim with the greatest care, as your 37mm shells won't do much damage, so even a slight miss will result in the failure of killing the enemies' crew. The [[Sd.Kfz.234/3|''Sd.Kfz.234/3'']] and [[Sd.Kfz.234/4|''Sd.Kfz.234/4'']], although being equally deadly, are turretless. You can use some quick turns to avoid their guns or tear through the thin armour plate protecting their gunners with your 7.62mm MG. Note that the penetration of the MG isn't great, so aim for their side armor.<br />
<br />
=== Modules ===<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
! Tier<br />
! colspan="2" | Mobility<br />
! Protection<br />
! colspan="2" | Firepower<br />
|-<br />
| I<br />
| Tracks<br />
|<br />
| Parts<br />
| Horizontal Drive<br />
| M51B1/B2<br />
|-<br />
| II<br />
| Suspension<br />
| Brake System<br />
| FPE<br />
| Adjustment of Fire<br />
| Airstrike<br />
|-<br />
| III<br />
| Filters<br />
|<br />
| Crew Replenishment<br />
| Elevation Mechanism<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
| IV<br />
| Transmission<br />
| Engine<br />
|<br />
| Artillery Support<br />
| Improved optics<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
=== Pros and cons ===<br />
<!-- ''Summarise and briefly evaluate the vehicle in terms of its characteristics and combat effectiveness. Mark its pros and cons in a bulleted list. Try not to use more than 6 points for each of the characteristics. Avoid using categorical definitions such as "bad", "good" and the like - use substitutions with softer forms such as "inadequate" and "effective".'' --><br />
<br />
'''Pros:'''<br />
<br />
* High top speed, good acceleration especially on flat terrain<br />
* Better handling than it's predecessors, quick turning speeds<br />
* Sloped armour can deflect some shots from small calibre projectiles<br />
* Good rate of fire<br />
* Gun can penetrate most tanks of this rank<br />
* Can quickly rotate in place while not in forward or reverse motion<br />
* Roof mounted 30.cal is useful for engaging aircraft<br />
* Has access to scouting ability<br />
<br />
'''Cons:'''<br />
<br />
* Crew of four leaving one spare, vehicle efficiency decreases after the spare crew is used up<br />
* Exposed engine and fuel tank, prone to fires<br />
* As with the American 37 mm cannons, AP rounds does not contain HE filler<br />
* AP Shots often fail to fragment when penetrating other vehicles<br />
* Relatively tall for a light tank, a challenge to find adequate defensive positions<br />
* 37 mm cannon has low pentation which makes it difficult to fight enemy tanks at it's BR<br />
<br />
== History ==<br />
<!-- ''Describe the history of the creation and combat usage of the vehicle in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the vehicle and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Vehicle-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>. This section may also include the vehicle's dev blog entry (if applicable) and the in-game encyclopedia description (under <code><nowiki>=== In-game description ===</nowiki></code>, also if applicable).'' --><br />
===Development===<br />
The American light tank design prior to World War II, the [[M2A4|M2 light tank]], was seen as obsolete after observing Germany's Panzer forces tear through Europe. The design was to be upgraded with more armour, a better suspension, and a new gun recoil system. The revised version was designated the '''[[M3 Stuart|Light Tank M3]]''', and given the name '''"General Stuart"''' by the British, which becomes part of the name. At its basis, the light tank had a 37 mm cannon with a similar layout as the M2 light tank, with the radial engine at the rear and the transmission on the front, though the radial engine was in high demand so the Guiberson diesel T-1210 were fitted in some models to substitute the engine. The design used the VVSS bogie system seen on previous American tank designs. The tank had a crew of four: driver, assistant driver, gunner, and commander, who doubled as the loader.<br />
<br />
The first variant of the M3 Stuart light tank was very similar to the M2 light tanks. It had five machine gun armaments scattered around like the M2 but featured better armour and a better cannon with the 37 mm M6 cannon. The design did not have a turret basket for the crew and it was constructed out of rivets, which increased the chance of spalling in the tank. Nevertheless, the first variant M3 saw about 5,811 units produced. The second variant, the '''[[M3A1 Stuart|Light Tank M3A1 Stuart]]''', featured a new turret with no cupola on it, plus an added gun stabilizer. The machine guns on the hull sides were removed, so now the total machine guns were reduced from five to three. The design also featured a welded armour design to remove the weakness of riveted armour. 4,621 of this variant was produced from May 1942 to February 1943. The most used variant, the [[M5A1 (5th arm.div.)|'''Light Tank M5A1 Stuart''',]] had a completely redesigned hull and turret, with the hull most notably having a full sloping frontal armour than the previous designs. This variant had about 6,810 units produced. All in all, the Stuart light tank design and its variants were produced in massive quantities from March 1941 to October 1943 with a total of 25,000 units produced.<br />
<br />
===Combat usage===<br />
The British were the first to use the M3 Stuart in Africa in 1941, using it in Operation Crusader. However, the result ended with heavy losses, due to the better training the German Afrika Korps had compared to the British tank doctrine. The encounter also pointed out many flaws in the Stuart, mainly the cramped interior and limited operational range, but was praised for its high mobility and reliability when compared to the British contemporary designs. In 1942, the Stuarts were generally kept as recon units rather than combat units, and some were even modified to improve speed and range by removing the turret, and others were converted to armoured personnel carriers and command vehicles. Though the British used it extensively, it was still in small proportion compared to American usage. The Soviet Union was also another user of the Stuart tanks but found it unfavourable due to their own logistics, plus it was not made to withstand the Russian ''Rasputitsa'' or even the winter. The Soviet eventually turned down any more offers for the Stuart by 1943. The Stuarts also supported the British and Chinese forces in Asia against the Japanese Army, and also France and Yugoslavia in Europe against the German Wehrmacht.<br />
<br />
The Americans used it widely in both operational theatres. In the Pacific, the Stuarts were the first tanks America used in a tank vs. tank operation against the Imperial Japanese Army, where five M3s fought Type 95 Ha-Gos in the Phillippines. Though the Stuarts were newer than the Japanese tank designs by about five years, they were seen as equal in performance and firepower, but the Stuart benefited by the support of the American industry arm. The Stuarts served in the Pacific slightly better than its heavier counterparts such as the [[M4|M4 Shermans]] due to its lighter weight and manoeuvrability in the poor jungle terrain, but the Stuarts in the Pacific were gradually replaced by M4 Shermans. In Europe, the Stuarts formed a large part of the American tank battalions, though following the British path by sidelining the Stuarts from combat duties after heavy losses and to serve alongside Shermans as scouting units. A typical tank battalion for the US Army consisted of three companies of Shermans and one of the Stuarts. The Stuarts, other than scouting, were also used in cavalry roles and infantry support since their cannon are unable to compete with the German tank designs. Despite their dwindling capabilities in battle, the Stuart was kept in service up until the end of the war due to the large production numbers.<br />
<br />
After World War II, the Stuarts were given out as cheap surplus, countries such as China, India, and Pakistan picked up a few and used them in their conflicts. Portuguese also picked up a few Stuarts for the war in Angola, and the South African Corps continued using the Stuarts until 1955, where some were still kept in service until 1968 due to available parts. Today, Paraguay is still a user of the Stuart light tanks, though as the only tracked armour used in the country.<br />
<br />
The Stuart light tank design was also quite versatile that it was made into different variants for different roles on the battlefield. It served as an infantry support vehicle as to the ''[[M8A1|75mm GMC M8]]'' and experiments were also taken to see if it could be adapted to an anti-aircraft gun and a flamethrower as well. However, the Stuarts were becoming an ageing design with inferior armour, cramped interior layout, and a small 37 mm gun, so a program to replace the light tank began in 1943 and became the [[M24|M24 Chaffee]], which would eventually replace the Stuarts mostly after World War II.<br />
<br />
=== In-game description ===<br />
In November 1942 the M5 Stuart light tank was outfitted with an M3A3 turret, resulting in the Stuart series' final modification. The bulwark was made standard, different from the M5, and a safety hatch was added to the hull floor in addition to a new periscope in the turret. The tank commander got a second turret rotator and the ability to control the turret separately from the gunner. Late model M5A1s were characterized by armored cover for the anti-aircraft gun emplacement and an equipment case on the back of the hull. In addition, stamped weight-bearing rollers began to be used in the running gear.<br />
<br />
M5A1s were produced by Cadillac and American Car & Foundry (beginning in September 1943). By June 1944 a total of 6,810 had been made, making the M5A1 modification the most popular.<br />
<br />
At the time of the Normandy invasion the US army primarily used M5A1s, though it was difficult for them to get through the Normandy hedges. Even equipped with special hedge-clearing equipment, light tanks often got stuck due to their under-powered engines, making them easy prey for German anti-tank guns. Thinner than on medium tanks, their armor made them especially vulnerable to panzerfausts. The battles of summer 1944 saw heavy losses in light tank companies. The casualty rate decreased during the fall somewhat, primarily because they played a lesser role and division commanders tried to keep them out of battles where they might face stronger opponents. In contrast to the Americans, the British used M3A3s and even M3A1s in addition to the M5A1 in Europe. They predominantly played a reconnaissance and command role.<br />
<br />
== Media ==<br />
<!-- ''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.'' --><br />
<br />
;Skins<br />
<br />
* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicleCountry=usa&vehicleType=tank&vehicleClass=light_tank&vehicle=us_m5a1_stuart Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]<br />
<br />
;Videos<br />
{{Youtube-gallery|1yg1DAEbG8A|'''The Stuart Family''' discusses the {{PAGENAME}} at 2:46 - ''War Thunder Official Channel''|Fp_bu-8bAmM|'''{{PAGENAME}} Tank Review''' - ''NUSensei''}}<br />
<br />
== See also ==<br />
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''<br />
<br />
* ''reference to the series of the vehicles;''<br />
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''<br />
<br />
== External links ==<br />
''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''<br />
<br />
* ''topic on the official game forum;''<br />
* ''encyclopedia page on the tank;''<br />
* ''other literature.''<br />
<br />
{{USA light tanks}}</div>U100542309https://wiki.warthunder.com/index.php?title=M5A1&diff=82145M5A12020-12-21T01:22:05Z<p>U100542309: /* Pros and cons */</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Specs-Card|code=us_m5a1_stuart}}<br />
{{About<br />
| about = American light tank '''{{PAGENAME}}'''<br />
|other<br />
|usage-1 = other uses<br />
|link-1 = M5 (Disambiguation)<br />
|usage-2 = other vehicles of the family<br />
|link-2 = M5 Stuart (Family)<br />
}}<br />
<br />
== Description ==<br />
<!-- ''In the description, the first part should be about the history of the creation and combat usage of the vehicle, as well as its key features. In the second part, tell the reader about the ground vehicle in the game. Insert a screenshot of the vehicle, so that if the novice player does not remember the vehicle by name, he will immediately understand what kind of vehicle the article is talking about.'' --><br />
[[File:GarageImage_M5A1Stuart.jpg|420px|thumb|left]]<br />
{{Break}}<br />
The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} American light tank {{Battle-rating}}. It was one of the first American tanks to be released with the American ground tree in [[Update 1.45 "Steel Generals"]]. An improvement over the earlier [[M3 Stuart|M3 Stuarts]] with better front sloping armour, it helps the light tank keep up to date with the evolving tanks of the time.<br />
<br />
== General info ==<br />
=== Survivability and armour ===<br />
<!-- ''Describe armour protection. Note the most well protected and key weak areas. Appreciate the layout of modules as well as the number and location of crew members. Is the level of armour protection sufficient, is the placement of modules helpful for survival in combat? If necessary use a visual template to indicate the most secure and weak zones of the armour.'' --><br />
'''Armour type:'''<br />
<br />
* Rolled homogeneous armour<br />
* Cast homogeneous armour (Gun mantlet, Lower glacis)<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|-<br />
! Armour !! Front (Slope angle) !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof<br />
|-<br />
| Hull || 28.5 mm (49°) ''Front glacis'' <br> 63.5 mm (33-37°) ''Lower glacis'' || 28.5 mm || 28.5 mm (46°) ''Top'' <br> 25.4 mm (1°) ''Middle'' <br> 25.4 mm (20°) ''Bottom'' || 12.7 mm<br />
|-<br />
| Turret || 44.4 mm (11-13°) ''Turret front'' <br> 50.8 mm (2-43°) ''Gun mantlet'' || 31.75 mm (1°) || 31.75 mm (1°) || 12.7 mm<br />
|}<br />
'''Notes:'''<br />
<br />
* Suspension wheels, bogies, and tracks are 15 mm thick.<br />
* Tracks are placed on the turret side and rear that can provide about 10 mm of extra armour.<br />
* An extra 12.7 mm RHA metal plate is present on the right side of the turret near the pintle 7.62 mm machine gun.<br />
* A 5 mm Structural steel box is present, mounted on the vehicle rear.<br />
<br />
=== Mobility ===<br />
<!-- ''Write about the mobility of the ground vehicle. Estimate the specific power and manoeuvrability, as well as the maximum speed forwards and backwards.'' --><br />
<br />
{{tankMobility|abMinHp=459|rbMinHp=262}}<br />
<br />
== Armaments ==<br />
=== Main armament ===<br />
<!-- ''Give the reader information about the characteristics of the main gun. Assess its effectiveness in a battle based on the reloading speed, ballistics and the power of shells. Do not forget about the flexibility of the fire, that is how quickly the cannon can be aimed at the target, open fire on it and aim at another enemy. Add a link to the main article on the gun: <code><nowiki>{{main|Name of the weapon}}</nowiki></code>. Describe in general terms the ammunition available for the main gun. Give advice on how to use them and how to fill the ammunition storage.'' --><br />
{{main|M6 (37 mm)}}The M5A1 Stuart is armed with a 37 mm cannon as its main armament, the same gun as the preceding M3A3. While being at 2.3, the gun still packs a fierce punch if aiming at the correct area and firing at the correct distance. It is a small calibre fast-firing gun with a maximum penetration of 84 mm at 100 m (M51B1/B2 shell), being able to penetrate most of the opponents it will face. The penetration power and gun accuracy drop a lot beyond 500 m and become unreliable past 700 m. The gun is equipped with a vertical stabiliser, giving the M5A1 Stuart a huge advantage in some cases as you can fire precisely while moving, but keep in mind that it activates only when the tank is driving under 10 km/h.<br />
<br />
While it lacks the post-penetration damage to disable most enemies in one shot, it can quickly finish them off with its fast reload. Knowledge of enemy vehicle layouts is essential with ammunition lacking post-penetration explosive damage. Make sure to target modules and crew positions to maximise the damage. Disabling the enemy gunner on your first shot will be critical to win engagements as you'll most likely need several shots to destroy an enemy vehicle.<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="5" | [[M6 (37 mm)|37 mm M6]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)<br />
|-<br />
! Mode !! Capacity !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer<br />
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced<br />
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced<br />
|-<br />
! ''Arcade''<br />
| rowspan="2" | 147 || rowspan="2" | -12°/+20° || rowspan="2" | ±180° || rowspan="2" | Vertical || 22.85 || 31.62 || 38.40 || 42.47 || 45.18 || rowspan="2" | 3.77 || rowspan="2" | 3.33 || rowspan="2" | 3.07 || rowspan="2" | 2.90<br />
|-<br />
! ''Realistic''<br />
| 14.28 || 16.80 || 20.40 || 22.56 || 24.00<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==== Ammunition ====<br />
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"<br />
! colspan="8" | Penetration statistics<br />
|-<br />
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition<br />
! rowspan="2" | Type of<br>warhead<br />
! colspan="6" | '''Penetration @ 0° Angle of Attack (mm)'''<br />
|-<br />
! 10 m !! 100 m !! 500 m !! 1,000 m !! 1,500 m !! 2,000 m<br />
|-<br />
| M74B1 || AP || 79 || 76 || 65 || 54 || 45 || 37<br />
|-<br />
| M63 shell || HE || 3 || 3 || 3 || 3 || 3 || 3<br />
|-<br />
| M51B1/B2 || APCBC || 87 || 84 || 73 || 60 || 50 || 41<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"<br />
! colspan="10" | Shell details<br />
|-<br />
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition<br />
! rowspan="2" | Type of<br>warhead<br />
! rowspan="2" | Velocity<br>(m/s)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Projectile<br>Mass (kg)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Fuse delay<br>(m)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Fuse sensitivity<br>(mm)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Explosive Mass<br>(TNT equivalent) (g)<br />
! colspan="3" | Ricochet<br />
|-<br />
! 0% !! 50% !! 100%<br />
|-<br />
| M74B1 || AP || 883 || 0.87 || N/A || N/A || N/A || 47° || 60° || 65°<br />
|-<br />
| M63 shell || HE || 807 || 0.73 || 0.1 || 0.5 || 38 || 79° || 80° || 81°<br />
|-<br />
| M51B1/B2 || APCBC || 883 || 0.87 || N/A || N/A || N/A || 48° || 63° || 71°<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==== [[Ammo racks]] ====<br />
[[File:Ammoracks_{{PAGENAME}}.png|right|thumb|x250px|[[Ammo racks]] of the {{PAGENAME}}]]<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"<br />
|-<br />
! Full<br>ammo<br />
! 1st<br>rack empty<br />
! 2nd<br>rack empty<br />
! 3rd<br>rack empty<br />
! 4th<br>rack empty<br />
! Visual<br>discrepancy<br />
|-<br />
| '''147''' || 111 ''(+36)'' || 74 ''(+73)'' || 37 ''(+110)'' || 1 ''(+146)'' || No<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
=== Machine guns ===<br />
<!-- ''Offensive and anti-aircraft machine guns not only allow you to fight some aircraft but also are effective against lightly armoured vehicles. Evaluate machine guns and give recommendations on its use.'' --><br />
{{main|M1919A4 (7.62 mm)}}The M5A1 Stuart has two 7.62 mm M1919A4 machine guns, one being coaxial to the main gun and the other roof mounted on the right side of the turret. The two machine guns can quickly incapacitate the exposed crews on some vehicles or do some serious damage to those low-passing planes. However it lacks the ability to effectively damage even lightly armoured vehicles due to its low penetration of only 10 mm.<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="50%"<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="5" | [[M1919A4 (7.62 mm)|7.62 mm M1919A4]]<br />
|-<br />
! Mount !! Capacity (Belt) !! Fire rate !! Vertical !! Horizontal<br />
|-<br />
| Pintle || 3,000 (250) || 500 || -10°/+70° || ±60°<br />
|-<br />
| Coaxial || 3,000 (250) || 500 || N/A || N/A<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
== Usage in battles ==<br />
<!-- ''Describe the tactics of playing in the vehicle, the features of using vehicles in the team and advice on tactics. Refrain from creating a "guide" - do not impose a single point of view but instead give the reader food for thought. Describe the most dangerous enemies and give recommendations on fighting them. If necessary, note the specifics of the game in different modes (AB, RB, SB).'' --><br />
The M5A1 Stuart preserves the Rank I style of fighting. With very good mobility and fast reload, the light tank can speed to an optimal position on the enemy's side and riddle them with the 37 mm cannon. It is recommended to attack from the flanks as the weak armour on the Stuart makes it vulnerable to the newer enemy guns that can penetrate the armour with ease.<br />
<br />
With the fast reloading 37 mm cannon, the M5A1 Stuart can deliver some good-hitting rounds if shooting at the flank at the enemies. A frontal engagement is possible but detrimental as Stuart's thin armour makes any incoming shot lethal. If coming up to heavily armoured vehicles like the [[KV-1 (L-11)|KV-1]], load the M74B1 AP round for maximum penetration. In the case the M5A1 does come across a KV-1, the recommended course of action to take it out is to get in a point-blank range and fire at the turret ring or engine rear, otherwise, there is no way for the Stuart's 37 mm to penetrate the armour.<br />
<br />
With its weak overall armour, most enemies are able to penetrate the M5A1 Stuart. A specific concern should be to vehicles with a high rate of fire weaponry such as the SPAA, which might be able to penetrate through weak points around the Stuart with enough effort. Enemies with strong shells like the [[Pz.IV F1|Panzer IV]] with it's short 75 mm and its HEAT rounds could also destroy the Stuart with ease.<br />
<br />
With its speed and relatively small size, as well as the ability to scout, the Stuart can be used as a reconnaissance vehicle. Even if you cannot penetrate heavily armored opponents, you can help your allies by scouting the opposing tanks. This, combined with its decent firepower, makes the Stuart an amazing scout vehicle.<br />
<br />
=== Enemies worth noting: ===<br />
The M5, although agile, is still not the fastest tank at its rank. When your opposite team has Germany, you might want to reconsider the option of capping a point straight away, since the German Sd.Kfz.234 series are very likely to be there first. The [[Sd.Kfz.234/2|''Sd.Kfz.234/2'']] (also known as the Puma) is a turreted 8-wheel vehicle with a small profile, extremely high on-road speed and a powerful 50mm gun. But it cannot turn in place, has a very slow turret traverse and only 8mm of side hull armour, so a good tactic is to circle with it and utilise your rather quick turret traverse and fast reload. In an intense tank "dogfight", you want to aim with the greatest care, as your 37mm shells won't do much damage, so even a slight miss will result in the failure of killing the enemies' crew. The [[Sd.Kfz.234/3|''Sd.Kfz.234/3'']] and [[Sd.Kfz.234/4|''Sd.Kfz.234/4'']], although being equally deadly, are turretless. You can use some quick turns to avoid their guns or tear through the thin armour plate protecting their gunners with your 7.62mm MG. Note that the penetration of the MG isn't great, so aim for their side armor.<br />
<br />
=== Modules ===<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
! Tier<br />
! colspan="2" | Mobility<br />
! Protection<br />
! colspan="2" | Firepower<br />
|-<br />
| I<br />
| Tracks<br />
|<br />
| Parts<br />
| Horizontal Drive<br />
| M51B1/B2<br />
|-<br />
| II<br />
| Suspension<br />
| Brake System<br />
| FPE<br />
| Adjustment of Fire<br />
| Airstrike<br />
|-<br />
| III<br />
| Filters<br />
|<br />
| Crew Replenishment<br />
| Elevation Mechanism<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
| IV<br />
| Transmission<br />
| Engine<br />
|<br />
| Artillery Support<br />
| Improved optics<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
=== Pros and cons ===<br />
<!-- ''Summarise and briefly evaluate the vehicle in terms of its characteristics and combat effectiveness. Mark its pros and cons in a bulleted list. Try not to use more than 6 points for each of the characteristics. Avoid using categorical definitions such as "bad", "good" and the like - use substitutions with softer forms such as "inadequate" and "effective".'' --><br />
<br />
'''Pros:'''<br />
<br />
* High top speed, good acceleration especially on flat terrain<br />
* Better handling than it's predecessors, quick turning speeds<br />
* Sloped armour can deflect some shots from small calibre projectiles<br />
* Good rate of fire<br />
* Gun can penetrate most tanks of this rank<br />
* Can quickly rotate in place while not in forward or reverse motion<br />
* Roof mounted 30.cal is useful for engaging aircraft<br />
* Has access to scouting ability<br />
<br />
'''Cons:'''<br />
<br />
* Crew of four leaving one spare, vehicle efficiency decreases after the spare crew is used up<br />
* Exposed engine and fuel tank, prone to fires<br />
* As with the American 37 mm cannons, AP rounds does not contain HE filler<br />
* AP Shots often fail to fragment when penetrating other vehicles<br />
* Relatively tall for a light tank, a challenge to find adequate defensive positions<br />
* 37 mm cannon has low pentation which makes it hard to fight enemy tanks at it's BR<br />
<br />
== History ==<br />
<!-- ''Describe the history of the creation and combat usage of the vehicle in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the vehicle and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Vehicle-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>. This section may also include the vehicle's dev blog entry (if applicable) and the in-game encyclopedia description (under <code><nowiki>=== In-game description ===</nowiki></code>, also if applicable).'' --><br />
===Development===<br />
The American light tank design prior to World War II, the [[M2A4|M2 light tank]], was seen as obsolete after observing Germany's Panzer forces tear through Europe. The design was to be upgraded with more armour, a better suspension, and a new gun recoil system. The revised version was designated the '''[[M3 Stuart|Light Tank M3]]''', and given the name '''"General Stuart"''' by the British, which becomes part of the name. At its basis, the light tank had a 37 mm cannon with a similar layout as the M2 light tank, with the radial engine at the rear and the transmission on the front, though the radial engine was in high demand so the Guiberson diesel T-1210 were fitted in some models to substitute the engine. The design used the VVSS bogie system seen on previous American tank designs. The tank had a crew of four: driver, assistant driver, gunner, and commander, who doubled as the loader.<br />
<br />
The first variant of the M3 Stuart light tank was very similar to the M2 light tanks. It had five machine gun armaments scattered around like the M2 but featured better armour and a better cannon with the 37 mm M6 cannon. The design did not have a turret basket for the crew and it was constructed out of rivets, which increased the chance of spalling in the tank. Nevertheless, the first variant M3 saw about 5,811 units produced. The second variant, the '''[[M3A1 Stuart|Light Tank M3A1 Stuart]]''', featured a new turret with no cupola on it, plus an added gun stabilizer. The machine guns on the hull sides were removed, so now the total machine guns were reduced from five to three. The design also featured a welded armour design to remove the weakness of riveted armour. 4,621 of this variant was produced from May 1942 to February 1943. The most used variant, the [[M5A1 (5th arm.div.)|'''Light Tank M5A1 Stuart''',]] had a completely redesigned hull and turret, with the hull most notably having a full sloping frontal armour than the previous designs. This variant had about 6,810 units produced. All in all, the Stuart light tank design and its variants were produced in massive quantities from March 1941 to October 1943 with a total of 25,000 units produced.<br />
<br />
===Combat usage===<br />
The British were the first to use the M3 Stuart in Africa in 1941, using it in Operation Crusader. However, the result ended with heavy losses, due to the better training the German Afrika Korps had compared to the British tank doctrine. The encounter also pointed out many flaws in the Stuart, mainly the cramped interior and limited operational range, but was praised for its high mobility and reliability when compared to the British contemporary designs. In 1942, the Stuarts were generally kept as recon units rather than combat units, and some were even modified to improve speed and range by removing the turret, and others were converted to armoured personnel carriers and command vehicles. Though the British used it extensively, it was still in small proportion compared to American usage. The Soviet Union was also another user of the Stuart tanks but found it unfavourable due to their own logistics, plus it was not made to withstand the Russian ''Rasputitsa'' or even the winter. The Soviet eventually turned down any more offers for the Stuart by 1943. The Stuarts also supported the British and Chinese forces in Asia against the Japanese Army, and also France and Yugoslavia in Europe against the German Wehrmacht.<br />
<br />
The Americans used it widely in both operational theatres. In the Pacific, the Stuarts were the first tanks America used in a tank vs. tank operation against the Imperial Japanese Army, where five M3s fought Type 95 Ha-Gos in the Phillippines. Though the Stuarts were newer than the Japanese tank designs by about five years, they were seen as equal in performance and firepower, but the Stuart benefited by the support of the American industry arm. The Stuarts served in the Pacific slightly better than its heavier counterparts such as the [[M4|M4 Shermans]] due to its lighter weight and manoeuvrability in the poor jungle terrain, but the Stuarts in the Pacific were gradually replaced by M4 Shermans. In Europe, the Stuarts formed a large part of the American tank battalions, though following the British path by sidelining the Stuarts from combat duties after heavy losses and to serve alongside Shermans as scouting units. A typical tank battalion for the US Army consisted of three companies of Shermans and one of the Stuarts. The Stuarts, other than scouting, were also used in cavalry roles and infantry support since their cannon are unable to compete with the German tank designs. Despite their dwindling capabilities in battle, the Stuart was kept in service up until the end of the war due to the large production numbers.<br />
<br />
After World War II, the Stuarts were given out as cheap surplus, countries such as China, India, and Pakistan picked up a few and used them in their conflicts. Portuguese also picked up a few Stuarts for the war in Angola, and the South African Corps continued using the Stuarts until 1955, where some were still kept in service until 1968 due to available parts. Today, Paraguay is still a user of the Stuart light tanks, though as the only tracked armour used in the country.<br />
<br />
The Stuart light tank design was also quite versatile that it was made into different variants for different roles on the battlefield. It served as an infantry support vehicle as to the ''[[M8A1|75mm GMC M8]]'' and experiments were also taken to see if it could be adapted to an anti-aircraft gun and a flamethrower as well. However, the Stuarts were becoming an ageing design with inferior armour, cramped interior layout, and a small 37 mm gun, so a program to replace the light tank began in 1943 and became the [[M24|M24 Chaffee]], which would eventually replace the Stuarts mostly after World War II.<br />
<br />
=== In-game description ===<br />
In November 1942 the M5 Stuart light tank was outfitted with an M3A3 turret, resulting in the Stuart series' final modification. The bulwark was made standard, different from the M5, and a safety hatch was added to the hull floor in addition to a new periscope in the turret. The tank commander got a second turret rotator and the ability to control the turret separately from the gunner. Late model M5A1s were characterized by armored cover for the anti-aircraft gun emplacement and an equipment case on the back of the hull. In addition, stamped weight-bearing rollers began to be used in the running gear.<br />
<br />
M5A1s were produced by Cadillac and American Car & Foundry (beginning in September 1943). By June 1944 a total of 6,810 had been made, making the M5A1 modification the most popular.<br />
<br />
At the time of the Normandy invasion the US army primarily used M5A1s, though it was difficult for them to get through the Normandy hedges. Even equipped with special hedge-clearing equipment, light tanks often got stuck due to their under-powered engines, making them easy prey for German anti-tank guns. Thinner than on medium tanks, their armor made them especially vulnerable to panzerfausts. The battles of summer 1944 saw heavy losses in light tank companies. The casualty rate decreased during the fall somewhat, primarily because they played a lesser role and division commanders tried to keep them out of battles where they might face stronger opponents. In contrast to the Americans, the British used M3A3s and even M3A1s in addition to the M5A1 in Europe. They predominantly played a reconnaissance and command role.<br />
<br />
== Media ==<br />
<!-- ''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.'' --><br />
<br />
;Skins<br />
<br />
* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicleCountry=usa&vehicleType=tank&vehicleClass=light_tank&vehicle=us_m5a1_stuart Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]<br />
<br />
;Videos<br />
{{Youtube-gallery|1yg1DAEbG8A|'''The Stuart Family''' discusses the {{PAGENAME}} at 2:46 - ''War Thunder Official Channel''|Fp_bu-8bAmM|'''{{PAGENAME}} Tank Review''' - ''NUSensei''}}<br />
<br />
== See also ==<br />
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''<br />
<br />
* ''reference to the series of the vehicles;''<br />
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''<br />
<br />
== External links ==<br />
''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''<br />
<br />
* ''topic on the official game forum;''<br />
* ''encyclopedia page on the tank;''<br />
* ''other literature.''<br />
<br />
{{USA light tanks}}</div>U100542309https://wiki.warthunder.com/index.php?title=M8_Scott&diff=82144M8 Scott2020-12-21T01:18:29Z<p>U100542309: /* Usage in battles */</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Specs-Card|code=us_m8_scott}}<br />
{{About<br />
| about = American tank destroyer '''{{PAGENAME}}'''<br />
|other<br />
|usage-1 = other uses<br />
|link-1 = M8 (Disambiguation)<br />
|usage-2 = other vehicles of the family<br />
|link-2 = M8 General Scott (Family)<br />
}}<br />
<br />
== Description ==<br />
<!-- ''In the description, the first part should be about the history of the creation and combat usage of the vehicle, as well as its key features. In the second part, tell the reader about the ground vehicle in the game. Insert a screenshot of the vehicle, so that if the novice player does not remember the vehicle by name, he will immediately understand what kind of vehicle the article is talking about.'' --><br />
[[File:GarageImage_M8Scott.jpg|420px|thumb|left]]<br />
{{Break}}<br />
The '''{{Specs|name}}''' (shortened to '''{{specs|pseudonym}}''') is a rank {{Specs|rank}} American tank destroyer {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.67 "Assault"]].<br />
<br />
== General info ==<br />
=== Survivability and armour ===<br />
<!-- ''Describe armour protection. Note the most well protected and key weak areas. Appreciate the layout of modules as well as the number and location of crew members. Is the level of armour protection sufficient, is the placement of modules helpful for survival in combat? If necessary use a visual template to indicate the most secure and weak zones of the armour.'' --><br />
<br />
'''Armour type:'''<br />
<br />
* Rolled homogeneous armour<br />
* Cast homogeneous armour (Gun mantlet)<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|-<br />
! Armour !! Front (Slope angle) !! Sides !! Rear !! Roof<br />
|-<br />
| Hull || 28.5 mm (48-49°) ''Front Glacis'' <br> 38.1 mm (15-30°) ''Lower glacis'' || 28.5 mm ''Front'' <br> 25.4 mm ''Rear'' || 25.4 mm (1-47°) ''Top'' <br> 25.4 mm (1-20°) ''Bottom'' || 12.7 mm<br />
|-<br />
| Turret || 38.1 mm (6-40°) ''Turret front'' <br> 38.1 mm (1-65°) ''Gun mantlet'' || 25.4 mm (18-20°) || 25.4 mm (1°) || N/A<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
'''Notes:'''<br />
<br />
* Suspension wheels are 15 mm thick while tracks are 10 mm thick.<br />
* Tracks are peppered on the turret sides that give 17 mm extra where they are.<br />
* Belly armour is 12.7 mm thick<br />
<br />
=== Mobility ===<br />
<!-- ''Write about the mobility of the ground vehicle. Estimate the specific power and manoeuvrability, as well as the maximum speed forwards and backwards.'' --><br />
<br />
{{tankMobility|abMinHp=420|rbMinHp=262}}<br />
<br />
== Armaments ==<br />
=== Main armament ===<br />
<!-- ''Give the reader information about the characteristics of the main gun. Assess its effectiveness in a battle based on the reloading speed, ballistics and the power of shells. Do not forget about the flexibility of the fire, that is how quickly the cannon can be aimed at the target, open fire on it and aim at another enemy. Add a link to the main article on the gun: <code><nowiki>{{main|Name of the weapon}}</nowiki></code>. Describe in general terms the ammunition available for the main gun. Give advice on how to use them and how to fill the ammunition storage.'' --><br />
{{main|M2 Howitzer (75 mm)}}<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="5" | [[M2 Howitzer (75 mm)|75 mm M2 Howitzer]] || colspan="5" | Turret rotation speed (°/s) || colspan="4" | Reloading rate (seconds)<br />
|-<br />
! Mode !! Capacity !! Vertical !! Horizontal !! Stabilizer<br />
! Stock !! Upgraded !! Full !! Expert !! Aced<br />
! Stock !! Full !! Expert !! Aced<br />
|-<br />
! ''Arcade''<br />
| rowspan="2" | 46 || rowspan="2" | -20°/+40° || rowspan="2" | ±180° || rowspan="2" | N/A || 5.28 || 7.31 || 8.88 || 9.82 || 10.45 || rowspan="2" | 4.29 || rowspan="2" | 3.80 || rowspan="2" | 3.50 || rowspan="2" | 3.30<br />
|-<br />
! ''Realistic''<br />
| 3.57 || 4.20 || 5.10 || 5.64 || 6.00<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==== Ammunition ====<br />
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"<br />
! colspan="8" | Penetration statistics<br />
|-<br />
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition<br />
! rowspan="2" | Type of<br>warhead<br />
! colspan="6" | '''Penetration @ 0° Angle of Attack (mm)'''<br />
|-<br />
! 10 m !! 100 m !! 500 m !! 1,000 m !! 1,500 m !! 2,000 m<br />
|-<br />
| M48 shell || HE || 10 || 10 || 10 || 10 || 10 || 10<br />
|-<br />
| M66 || HEAT || 89 || 89 || 89 || 89 || 89 || 89<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"<br />
! colspan="10" | Shell details<br />
|-<br />
! rowspan="2" data-sort-type="text" | Ammunition<br />
! rowspan="2" | Type of<br>warhead<br />
! rowspan="2" | Velocity<br>(m/s)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Projectile<br>Mass (kg)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Fuse delay<br>(m)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Fuse sensitivity<br>(mm)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Explosive Mass<br>(TNT equivalent) (g)<br />
! colspan="3" | Ricochet<br />
|-<br />
! 0% !! 50% !! 100%<br />
|-<br />
| M48 shell || HE || 381 || 6.3 || 0.4 || 0.5 || 666 || 79° || 80° || 81°<br />
|-<br />
| M66 || HEAT || 304 || 6.02 || N/A || 0.1 || 548.1 || 62° || 69° || 73°<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center"<br />
! colspan="7" | Smoke shell characteristics<br />
|-<br />
! Ammunition<br />
! Velocity<br>(m/s)<br />
! Projectile<br>Mass (kg)<br />
! Screen radius<br>(m)<br />
! Screen deploy time<br>(s)<br />
! Screen hold time<br>(s)<br />
! Explosive Mass<br>(TNT equivalent) (g)<br />
|-<br />
| M64 || 381 || 6.9 || 13 || 5 || 20 || 50<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==== [[Ammo racks]] ====<br />
[[File:Ammoracks_{{PAGENAME}}.png|right|thumb|x250px|[[Ammo racks]] of the {{PAGENAME}}]]<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"<br />
|-<br />
! Full<br>ammo<br />
! 1st<br>rack empty<br />
! 2nd<br>rack empty<br />
! 3rd<br>rack empty<br />
! 4th<br>rack empty<br />
! Visual<br>discrepancy<br />
|-<br />
| '''46''' || 35&nbsp;''(+11)'' || 23&nbsp;''(+23)'' || 12&nbsp;''(+34)'' || 1&nbsp;''(+45)'' || No<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
=== Machine guns ===<br />
<!-- ''Offensive and anti-aircraft machine guns not only allow you to fight some aircraft but also are effective against lightly armoured vehicles. Evaluate machine guns and give recommendations on its use.'' --><br />
{{main|M2HB (12.7 mm)}}<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="5" | [[M2HB (12.7 mm)|12.7 mm M2HB]]<br />
|-<br />
! Mount<br />
! Capacity<br>(Belt capacity)<br />
! Rate of fire<br>(shots/minute)<br />
! Vertical<br>guidance<br />
! Horizontal<br>guidance<br />
|-<br />
| Pintle || 400 (200) || 576 || -5°/+70° || ±180°<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
== Usage in battles ==<br />
<!-- ''Describe the tactics of playing in the vehicle, the features of using vehicles in the team and advice on tactics. Refrain from creating a "guide" - do not impose a single point of view but instead give the reader food for thought. Describe the most dangerous enemies and give recommendations on fighting them. If necessary, note the specifics of the game in different modes (AB, RB, SB).'' --><br />
In general, the M8 Scott plays like a beefed-up M5A1. The massive increase in gun caliber and destructive potential means that enemies the light tank previously have difficulty destroying are now more easily dealt with. Like the M3/M5 Stuart, playing this tank aggressively will almost always guarantee a place on the leaderboard. Push for the cap and then take it without hesitation. Should an enemy get there first, enter the cap and flank the target. Get behind their turret and go for a shot to the turret rear. Once the capture point is held, find a good hull down position and use the 75 mm HEAT to destroy any and all oncoming tanks.<br />
<br />
Against heavier armour, the need to find a good hidden position is critical. On certain tanks, the addition of track armour can give the M8 difficulty in penetrating them. Hence a good hull down position on their flank can provide a good position to hit their side armour, with almost certain destruction coming from it.<br />
<br />
Tanks like the [[Pz.IV F2|Panzer IV F2]] and it's line of tanks can be a serious headache for the vehicle to encounter. Aim for the right side of their turret and knock-out their gunner first, then aim for the middle of their hull (upper or lower glacis works) for a final shot. Outside of that most of the heavy armour will be out of the M8's BR range, leaving most encountered vehicles viable to destroy.<br />
<br />
=== Modules ===<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
! Tier<br />
! colspan="2" | Mobility<br />
! Protection<br />
! Firepower<br />
|-<br />
| I<br />
| Tracks<br />
|<br />
| Parts<br />
| Horizontal Drive<br />
|-<br />
| II<br />
| Suspension<br />
| Brake System<br />
| FPE<br />
| Adjustment of Fire<br />
|-<br />
| III<br />
| Filters<br />
|<br />
| Crew Replenishment<br />
| Elevation Mechanism<br />
|-<br />
| IV<br />
| Transmission<br />
| Engine<br />
|<br />
| M64<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
=== Pros and cons ===<br />
<!-- ''Summarise and briefly evaluate the vehicle in terms of its characteristics and combat effectiveness. Mark its pros and cons in a bulleted list. Try not to use more than 6 points for each of the characteristics. Avoid using categorical definitions such as "bad", "good" and the like - use substitutions with softer forms such as "inadequate" and "effective".'' -->'''Pros:'''<br />
<br />
* Great firepower: 75 mm HEAT handles everything with ease, from hull-breaking soft targets like the LVT(A) to one-shotting common foes like the [[Chi-Ha (Family)|Chi-Ha]] to piercing tough adversaries like the [[B1 bis|B1]] and [[Matilda III|Matilda]]<br />
* 12.7 mm heavy machine gun is very lethal at the battle rating as most tanks have thin armour, for example the [[BT-7]], [[Marder III|Marder]]<br />
* Extremely rare gun depression of -20 degrees making it able to peek above almost every slope and launch surprise attacks<br />
* When hull-down its double layer turret front can bounce some low-caliber or low-penetrating shells like the [[Pz.II (Disambiguation)|Pz.II]]s' 20 mm<br />
* Fast reloads for the caliber allows quick follow up shots<br />
* Low muzzle velocity shell's parabolic path can allow for shooting over hills which can be surprisingly useful<br />
* Speed and mobility akin to the [[M5A1|Stuart]] light tanks, allowing it to manoeuvre and flank with ease<br />
<br />
'''Cons:'''<br />
<br />
* Extremely slow turret traverse makes close quarter combat super challenging, yet its short gun is also bad for long range engagements- requires the player to be crystal clear of what they are doing, and have great situational awareness to predict the enemies' location in order to make up for the slow turret<br />
* Open-top turret exposes crew to artillery and aircraft strafing fire<br />
* Thin armour and tight crew makes it very vulnerable to tank destroyers that have APHE, like the SU-76<br />
* Shells have low muzzle velocity and huge drop, hard for shooting long-range or moving targets<br />
* Bad steering at high speeds<br />
<br />
== History ==<br />
<!-- ''Describe the history of the creation and combat usage of the vehicle in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too long, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the vehicle and adding a block "/History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Vehicle-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article with <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code>. This section may also include the vehicle's dev blog entry (if applicable) and the in-game encyclopedia description (under <code><nowiki>=== In-game description ===</nowiki></code>, also if applicable).'' --><br />
===Development===<br />
In United State's entry into World War II, the troops in the front lines require a support vehicle similar to those in use by the German forces in the form of the [[StuG III A|StuG III]]. The project for such vehicle began as a design submitted in late 1941, which was a [[M5A1|M5 Light Tank]] mated with a howitzer on the hull front, designated the ''T41''. This design didn't pass as the howitzer on the hull sacrificed crew protection. The design was revised on the same M5 light tank and instead had the M5 turret removed and replaced with an open-topped turret similar to the US tank destroyers [[M10 GMC|M10]] and [[M18 GMC|M18]], which mounted a 75 mm howitzer. This change caused the hatches for the driver and assistant driver to be placed on the glacis front rather than the hull roof. This design, called the ''T17E1 HMC'' was approved and put into production under the designation ''75 mm Howitzer Motor Carriage M8'', or the [[M8 Scott]]. The 75 mm M2 howitzer was the initial armament of the M8 before switching to the updated 75 mm M3 howitzer later in production. The howitzer was capable of firing smoke M89 or high-explosive M48 rounds, the vehicle could hold 46 of these 75 mm rounds. The M8 does not have any machine guns on the coaxial or hull-mounted area, but a .50 cal Browning was mounted on the rear right corner of the turret for infantry defense. The vehicle was put into production in April 1942 and continued until January 1944, of which a total of 1,778 units were produced by Cadillac only.<br />
<br />
===Combat usage===<br />
These vehicles would go on to serve in the Italian Campaign, European Campaign, and in the Pacific in the hands of the US Army. The M8 saw use in American service until the M7 Priest 105 mm self-propelled gun could be fielded in large numbers, which stopped the M8 production and service in American units. After being phased out of American service, the M8 was then given to the Free French forces that use them in the Western Front of the European operations. The French continue to use them all the way to 1954 in the French-Indochina conflict in use by South-Vietnamese forces. Other users of the M8 included the Khmers national army, Laos, China, and the Philippines.<br />
<br />
== Media ==<br />
<!-- ''Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.'' --><br />
<br />
;Skins<br />
<br />
* [https://live.warthunder.com/feed/camouflages/?vehicleCountry=usa&vehicleType=tank&vehicleClass=tank_destroyer&vehicle=us_m8_scott Skins and camouflages for the {{PAGENAME}} from live.warthunder.com.]<br />
<br />
;Images<br />
<div><ul><br />
<li style="display: inline-block;"> [[File:M8 HMC pilot at Aberdeen Proving Ground.jpg|thumb|none|300px|An M8 Howitzer Motor Carriage at Aberdeen Proving Ground.]] </li><br />
</ul></div><br />
<br />
;Videos<br />
{{Youtube-gallery|1yg1DAEbG8A|'''The Stuart Family''' discusses the {{PAGENAME}} at 4:11 - ''War Thunder Official Channel''|4_cJ1CpEatw|'''Best gun depression''' discusses the {{PAGENAME}} at 3:43 - ''War Thunder Official Channel''|0itmQaKDS_g|'''{{PAGENAME}} Tank Review''' - ''NUSensei''}}<br />
<br />
== See also ==<br />
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''<br />
<br />
* ''reference to the series of the vehicles;''<br />
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''<br />
<br />
== External links ==<br />
''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''<br />
<br />
* ''topic on the official game forum;''<br />
* ''encyclopedia page on the tank;''<br />
* ''other literature.''<br />
<br />
{{USA tank destroyers}}</div>U100542309https://wiki.warthunder.com/index.php?title=SB2C-4&diff=82142SB2C-42020-12-21T00:58:14Z<p>U100542309: /* Usage in battles */</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Specs-Card<br />
|code=sb2c_4<br />
|cockpit=cockpit_sb2c_4.jpg<br />
}}<br />
{{About<br />
|about = American naval bomber '''{{PAGENAME}}'''<br />
|usage = other uses<br />
|link = SB2 (Disambiguation)<br />
}}<br />
<br />
== Description ==<br />
<!-- ''In the description, the first part should be about the history of and the creation and combat usage of the aircraft, as well as its key features. In the second part, tell the reader about the aircraft in the game. Insert a screenshot of the vehicle, so that if the novice player does not remember the vehicle by name, he will immediately understand what kind of vehicle the article is talking about.'' --><br />
[[File:GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg|420px|thumb|left]]<br />
{{break}}<br />
The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} American dive bomber {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.53 "Firestorm"]].<br />
<br />
The SB2C-4 is an upgrade from the earlier [[SB2C-1c]] dive bomber at Rank II, having a more powerful engine and the ability to mount more payloads, including HVAR rockets. However, this version faces tougher and more deadly aircraft due to a higher ''Battle Rating''.<br />
<br />
== General info ==<br />
=== Flight Performance ===<br />
<!-- ''Describe how the aircraft behaves in the air. Speed, manoeuvrability, acceleration and allowable loads - these are the most important characteristics of the vehicle.'' --><br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="8" | Characteristics<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="8" | ''Stock''<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="2" | Max Speed<br>(km/h at 4,998 m)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude<br>(meters)<br />
! colspan="2" | Turn time<br>(seconds)<br />
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb<br>(meters/second)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run<br>(meters)<br />
|-<br />
! AB<br />
! RB<br />
! AB<br />
! RB<br />
! AB<br />
! RB<br />
|-<br />
| 438 || 426 || 8,230 || 24.4 || 24.8 || 2.3 || 3.6 || 300<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="8" | ''Upgraded''<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="2" | Max Speed<br>(km/h at 4,998 m)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (meters)<br />
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)<br />
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb<br>(meters/second)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (meters)<br />
|-<br />
! AB<br />
! RB<br />
! AB<br />
! RB<br />
! AB<br />
! RB<br />
|-<br />
| 484 || 459 || 8,230 || 21.2 || 22.3 || 12.5 || 6.9 || 300<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
====Details====<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="5" | Features<br />
|-<br />
! Combat flap<br />
! Take-off flap<br />
! Landing flap<br />
! Air brakes<br />
! Arrestor gear<br />
|-<br />
| ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || ✓ <!-- ✓ --><br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="5" | Limits<br />
|-<br />
! rowspan="2" | Wing-break speed<br>(km/h)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Gear limit<br>(km/h)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Combat flap<br> (km/h)<br />
! colspan="2" | Max Static G<br />
|-<br />
! +<br />
! -<br />
|-<br />
| 656 || 333 || 520 || ~8 || ~4<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities<br />
|-<br />
! Ailerons<br>(km/h)<br />
! Rudder<br>(km/h)<br />
! Elevators<br>(km/h)<br />
! Radiator<br>(km/h)<br />
|-<br />
| < 257 || < 350 || < 380 || > 250<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="3" | Compressor (RB/SB)<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="3" | Setting 1<br />
|-<br />
! Optimal altitude<br />
! 100% Engine power<br />
! WEP Engine power<br />
|-<br />
| 975 m || 1,750 hp || 1,878 hp<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="3" | Setting 2<br />
|-<br />
! Optimal altitude<br />
! 100% Engine power<br />
! WEP Engine power<br />
|-<br />
| 4,572 m || 1,450 hp || ?,??? hp<br />
|-<br />
<!-- ! colspan="3" | Setting 3<br />
|-<br />
! Optimal altitude<br />
! 100% Engine power<br />
! WEP Engine power<br />
|-<br />
| ?,??? m || ?,??? hp || ?,??? hp<br />
|- --><br />
|}<br />
<br />
=== Survivability and armour ===<br />
<!-- ''Examine the survivability of the aircraft. Note how vulnerable the structure is and how secure the pilot is, whether the fuel tanks are armoured, etc. Describe the armour, if there is any, and also mention the vulnerability of other critical aircraft systems.'' --><br />
<br />
* 8.5 mm Steel - Armor plate, the underside of the engine cowling<br />
* 6.35 mm Steel - Cockpit/Instrument panel protection plate<br />
* 11.11 mm Steel - Behind pilot's seat<br />
* 6.35 mm Steel - Dorsal gunner protection plate<br />
* 38 mm Bulletproof glass - Front windscreen<br />
<br />
== Armaments ==<br />
=== Offensive armament ===<br />
<!-- ''Describe the offensive armament of the aircraft, if any. Describe how effective the cannons and machine guns are in a battle, and also what belts or drums are better to use. If there is no offensive weaponry, delete this subsection.'' --><br />
{{main|AN/M2 (20 mm)}}<br />
<br />
The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:<br />
<br />
* 2 x 20 mm AN/M2 cannons, wing-mounted (200 rpg = 400 total)<br />
<br />
=== Suspended armament ===<br />
<!-- ''Describe the aircraft's suspended armament: additional cannons under the wings, bombs, rockets and torpedoes. This section is especially important for bombers and attackers. If there is no suspended weaponry remove this subsection.'' --><br />
{{main|AN-M57 (250 lb)|AN-M64A1 (500 lb)|AN-M65A1 (1,000 lb)|HVAR|M2 Browning (12.7 mm)}}<br />
{{main|Mk.13-1 Case (1,927 lb)|Mk.13-1 (1,927 lb)|Type A Mark I mine}}<br />
<br />
The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance:<br />
<br />
* 2 x 250 lb AN-M57 bombs (500 lb total)<br />
* 1 x 1,927 lb Mk.13-1 torpedo<br />
* 1 x 1,927 lb Mk.13-1 Case torpedo<br />
* 2 x 500 lb AN-M64A1 bombs (1,000 lb total)<br />
* 4 x 500 lb AN-M64A1 bombs (2,000 lb total)<br />
* 1 x 1,000 lb AN-M65A1 bomb (1,000 lb total)<br />
* 1 x Type A Mark I mine<br />
* 1 x 1,000 lb AN-M65A1 bomb + 2 x 500 lb AN-M64A1 bombs (2,000 lb total)<br />
* 8 x HVAR rockets<br />
* 4 x 12.7 mm M2 Browning machine guns (340 rpg = 1,360 total)<br />
<br />
=== Defensive armament ===<br />
<!-- ''Defensive armament with turret machine guns or cannons, crewed by gunners. Examine the number of gunners and what belts or drums are better to use. If defensive weaponry is not available, remove this subsection.'' --><br />
{{main|Browning (7.62 mm)}}<br />
<br />
The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is defended by:<br />
<br />
* 2 x 7.62 mm Browning machine guns, rear turret (2,000 rpg = 4,000 total)<br />
<br />
== Usage in battles ==<br />
<!-- ''Describe the tactics of playing in an aircraft, the features of using vehicles in a team and advice on tactics. Refrain from creating a "guide" - do not impose a single point of view, but instead, give the reader food for thought. Examine the most dangerous enemies and give recommendations on fighting them. If necessary, note the specifics of the game in different modes (AB, RB, SB).'' --><br />
<br />
;Arcade Battles<br />
<br />
The {{PAGENAME}} is very much like it's older sibling model in-game, which is a dive bomber/attacker capable of wreaking havoc to both soft and hard ground targets and enemy bases. Despite its capability to carry rockets and under-wing bombs and be used as an attacker, '''do not''' attempt to do so, unless you are sure a nearby enemy fighter does not immediately single you out as a target. This aircraft has fairly good manoeuvrability but does not fly nearly as well as any of the fighters you may encounter. However, this does not mean you cannot defend yourself in dire times. A distinct advantage of this aircraft is its firepower is more than enough to bring down any attacking enemy pilot with some skill, however, it's instability in coming out of rough turns can cause problems on getting guns on target difficult. Most pilots don't expect you to carry so much firepower with the extra machine guns so taking head-ons with some planes can work in your favor because most pilots do not expect you to have that much firepower. Moreover, due to it's firepower and ''airspawn'', being a bomber hunter is no problem either. It is important to remember to use this plane's main niche to your advantage as you will be vulnerable to enemy gunners. This plane's niche as fast bomber is further reinforced compared to the SB2C-1c as it carries double the bomb load (2,000 lb/ 907 kg) and if you survive long enough with your firepower to defend yourself you can be a considerable drain to the enemy's ticket counter. Overall, this aircraft is a solid performer in Arcade battles which is a delightful blend of defensive/offensive firepower, speed (not fighter-like though), maneuverability and bombing capability specifically for a dive bomber. A recommended aircraft to take out in ''tier 3'' battles and as a ''silver lions'' factory!<br />
<br />
;Realistic Battles<br />
<br />
In Realistic Battles, the {{PAGENAME}} excels at the ground attack role. Use the bombs and rockets against hard targets (such as heavy pillboxes and tanks), and the 20 mm cannons for taking out soft targets and light pillboxes. Even the universal ammo belt with 50/50 HEF and AP can take out light pillboxes when aiming for the roof, but belts with more AP will make it easier. However, its use doesn't end there. The SB2C is surprisingly maneuverable for a dive bomber, which combined with its high bomber spawn, effective armament, and dive brakes mean it can be used to dive on enemy fighters and bombers, and can even hold its own in a dogfight, especially if the enemy underestimates the plane's maneuverability. These characteristics are also good tactics for defending yourself, markedly since the tail gunner is lackluster. Unfortunately, this does not apply well when at a low energy state (ex: ground attacking at a low level). The SB2C has poor climb rate and acceleration, and experienced pilots will boom and zoom you and leave you few options to defend yourself (trying to get guns on target after an overshoot, forcing a head-on, etc.). Instead, try to stay above the battle and go for enemy aircraft, and once your team has a numerical advantage, go to ground level and ground attack, preferably under cover of fighters.<br />
<br />
;Fighting a {{PAGENAME}}<br />
<br />
If you come across a {{PAGENAME}}, attack from its unprotected bottom which is easy to hit due to planes low speed and pilots rarely looking below their planes. Avoid attacking it when it is in a dive. Do not attempt to head-on the Helldiver as it's 20 mils can easily knock out your pilot.<br />
<br />
===Manual Engine Control===<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="7" | MEC elements<br />
|-<br />
! rowspan="2" | Mixer<br />
! rowspan="2" | Pitch<br />
! colspan="3" | Radiator<br />
! rowspan="2" | Supercharger<br />
! rowspan="2" | Turbocharger<br />
|-<br />
! Oil<br />
! Water<br />
! Type<br />
|-<br />
| Controllable || rowspan="2" | Not controllable || rowspan="2" | Not controllable || rowspan="2" | Not controllable || rowspan="2" | Separate || rowspan="2" | Not controllable || rowspan="2" | Not controllable<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
===Modules===<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
! colspan="1" | Tier<br />
! colspan="2" | Flight performance<br />
! colspan="1" | Survivability<br />
! colspan="3" | Weaponry<br />
|-<br />
| I<br />
| Fuselage Repair<br />
| Radiator<br />
|<br />
| ITC mk.3<br />
| DGP 1<br />
| Offensive 12 mm<br />
|-<br />
| II<br />
|<br />
| Compressor<br />
| Airframe<br />
| Improved Torpedo<br />
| Turret 7 mm<br />
| New 12 mm MGs<br />
|-<br />
| III<br />
| Wings Repair<br />
| Engine<br />
|<br />
|Mk 12 Mod 0<br />
| New 7 mm MGs (turret)<br />
| Offensive 20 mm<br />
|-<br />
| IV<br />
|<br />
| Engine Injection<br />
| Cover<br />
| MBC mk.I<br />
| FRC mk.2<br />
| New 20 mm Cannons<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
=== Pros and cons ===<br />
<!-- ''Summarize and briefly evaluate the vehicle in terms of its characteristics and combat effectiveness. Mark its pros and cons in the bulleted list. Try not to use more than 6 points for each of the characteristics. Avoid using categorical definitions such as "bad", "good" and the like - use substitutions with softer forms such as "inadequate" and "effective".'' --><br />
<br />
'''Pros:'''<br />
<br />
* Very effective cannon armament<br />
* Very agile for a dive bomber<br />
* Good ground attack payload options<br />
* Has air brakes<br />
* Has a bomber spawn<br />
<br />
'''Cons'''<br />
<br />
* No belly gunner<br />
* Catches fire relatively easily<br />
* Poor climb rate<br />
* Fairly slow<br />
* Tail gun is ineffective at long range<br />
* Any asymmetrical wing damage makes it very difficult to turn<br />
* Extreme negatively static longitudinal stability for joystick at low speeds (e.g. the aircraft doesn't want to take off, but a slight bump makes the aircraft want to stall and harsh nose-down is required)<br />
* 20 mm shells can almost instantly down your plane<br />
<br />
== History ==<br />
<!-- ''Describe the history of the creation and combat usage of the aircraft in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too big, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the vehicle and adding a block "/ History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Vehicle-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article. This section may also include the vehicle's dev blog entry (if applicable) and the in-game encyclopedia description (under <code><nowiki>=== Encyclopedia Info ===</nowiki></code>, also if applicable).'' --><br />
<br />
The SB2C-4 Helldiver was an improved model of the SB2C-3, which was in turn based on the [[SB2C-1c]].<br />
<br />
The SB2C-3 had added the R-2600-20 engine, which was rated at 1,900 hp. This helped to solve the power to weight issues of the earlier models. The SB2C-4 added eight wing racks for carrying 5 in (127 mm) HVAR unguided rockets, with four on each wing. Additionally, mountings for one 500 lb bomb on each wing were added - a total of two 500 lb bombs; these could be carried when not carrying rockets. These armament options were in addition to the centerline bomb bay in the fuselage, which could carry up to 2,000 lbs of ordinance. 2,045 SB2C-4 aircraft were produced, making it the most produced variant of the SB2C Helldiver.<br />
<br />
The SB2C Helldiver was used during the Battle of the Philippine Sea, where 45 were lost after running out of fuel while returning to the carriers. The SB2C took part in combat over the Marianas, Philippines, Taiwan, Iwo Jima, and Okinawa. In the Battle of Leyte Gulf, during the Philippines Campaign, SB2C Helldivers took part in the sinking of the IJN Musashi; they scored a number of bomb hits to the ship. At Okinawa, Helldivers participated in the sinking of the IJN Yamato during the Japanese Operation Ten-Go, scoring hits on the Yamato and her escorts. <br />
<br />
In 1945, Helldivers were used in attacks on the Ryukyu Islands and the Japanese island of Honshū. In those strikes they were used to attack airfields, communication centers, and shipping. After the two atomic bombs were dropped, the Helldiver was used in patrols until the official Japanese surrender and the subsequent occupation of Japan.<br />
<br />
After the war, the SB2C remained in active-duty service with the US Navy until 1947, and with the Naval Reserve until 1950.<br />
<br />
== Media ==<br />
<!--Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.--><br />
{{Youtube-gallery|uJziizNMYj8|'''The Shooting Range #164''' - ''Pages of History'' section at 04:12 discusses the SB2C Helldiver.}}<br />
<br />
== See also ==<br />
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''<br />
<br />
* ''reference to the series of the aircraft;''<br />
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''<br />
<br />
== External links ==<br />
''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''<br />
<br />
* ''topic on the official game forum;''<br />
* ''encyclopedia page on the aircraft;''<br />
* ''other literature.''<br />
<br />
{{AirManufacturer Curtiss}}<br />
{{USA bombers}}</div>U100542309https://wiki.warthunder.com/index.php?title=SB2C-4&diff=82141SB2C-42020-12-21T00:56:26Z<p>U100542309: /* Pros and cons */</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Specs-Card<br />
|code=sb2c_4<br />
|cockpit=cockpit_sb2c_4.jpg<br />
}}<br />
{{About<br />
|about = American naval bomber '''{{PAGENAME}}'''<br />
|usage = other uses<br />
|link = SB2 (Disambiguation)<br />
}}<br />
<br />
== Description ==<br />
<!-- ''In the description, the first part should be about the history of and the creation and combat usage of the aircraft, as well as its key features. In the second part, tell the reader about the aircraft in the game. Insert a screenshot of the vehicle, so that if the novice player does not remember the vehicle by name, he will immediately understand what kind of vehicle the article is talking about.'' --><br />
[[File:GarageImage_{{PAGENAME}}.jpg|420px|thumb|left]]<br />
{{break}}<br />
The '''{{Specs|name}}''' is a rank {{Specs|rank}} American dive bomber {{Battle-rating}}. It was introduced in [[Update 1.53 "Firestorm"]].<br />
<br />
The SB2C-4 is an upgrade from the earlier [[SB2C-1c]] dive bomber at Rank II, having a more powerful engine and the ability to mount more payloads, including HVAR rockets. However, this version faces tougher and more deadly aircraft due to a higher ''Battle Rating''.<br />
<br />
== General info ==<br />
=== Flight Performance ===<br />
<!-- ''Describe how the aircraft behaves in the air. Speed, manoeuvrability, acceleration and allowable loads - these are the most important characteristics of the vehicle.'' --><br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="8" | Characteristics<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="8" | ''Stock''<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="2" | Max Speed<br>(km/h at 4,998 m)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude<br>(meters)<br />
! colspan="2" | Turn time<br>(seconds)<br />
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb<br>(meters/second)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run<br>(meters)<br />
|-<br />
! AB<br />
! RB<br />
! AB<br />
! RB<br />
! AB<br />
! RB<br />
|-<br />
| 438 || 426 || 8,230 || 24.4 || 24.8 || 2.3 || 3.6 || 300<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="8" | ''Upgraded''<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="2" | Max Speed<br>(km/h at 4,998 m)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Max altitude (meters)<br />
! colspan="2" | Turn time (seconds)<br />
! colspan="2" | Rate of climb<br>(meters/second)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Take-off run (meters)<br />
|-<br />
! AB<br />
! RB<br />
! AB<br />
! RB<br />
! AB<br />
! RB<br />
|-<br />
| 484 || 459 || 8,230 || 21.2 || 22.3 || 12.5 || 6.9 || 300<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
====Details====<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="5" | Features<br />
|-<br />
! Combat flap<br />
! Take-off flap<br />
! Landing flap<br />
! Air brakes<br />
! Arrestor gear<br />
|-<br />
| ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || ✓ || ✓ <!-- ✓ --><br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="5" | Limits<br />
|-<br />
! rowspan="2" | Wing-break speed<br>(km/h)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Gear limit<br>(km/h)<br />
! rowspan="2" | Combat flap<br> (km/h)<br />
! colspan="2" | Max Static G<br />
|-<br />
! +<br />
! -<br />
|-<br />
| 656 || 333 || 520 || ~8 || ~4<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="4" | Optimal velocities<br />
|-<br />
! Ailerons<br>(km/h)<br />
! Rudder<br>(km/h)<br />
! Elevators<br>(km/h)<br />
! Radiator<br>(km/h)<br />
|-<br />
| < 257 || < 350 || < 380 || > 250<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="3" | Compressor (RB/SB)<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="3" | Setting 1<br />
|-<br />
! Optimal altitude<br />
! 100% Engine power<br />
! WEP Engine power<br />
|-<br />
| 975 m || 1,750 hp || 1,878 hp<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="3" | Setting 2<br />
|-<br />
! Optimal altitude<br />
! 100% Engine power<br />
! WEP Engine power<br />
|-<br />
| 4,572 m || 1,450 hp || ?,??? hp<br />
|-<br />
<!-- ! colspan="3" | Setting 3<br />
|-<br />
! Optimal altitude<br />
! 100% Engine power<br />
! WEP Engine power<br />
|-<br />
| ?,??? m || ?,??? hp || ?,??? hp<br />
|- --><br />
|}<br />
<br />
=== Survivability and armour ===<br />
<!-- ''Examine the survivability of the aircraft. Note how vulnerable the structure is and how secure the pilot is, whether the fuel tanks are armoured, etc. Describe the armour, if there is any, and also mention the vulnerability of other critical aircraft systems.'' --><br />
<br />
* 8.5 mm Steel - Armor plate, the underside of the engine cowling<br />
* 6.35 mm Steel - Cockpit/Instrument panel protection plate<br />
* 11.11 mm Steel - Behind pilot's seat<br />
* 6.35 mm Steel - Dorsal gunner protection plate<br />
* 38 mm Bulletproof glass - Front windscreen<br />
<br />
== Armaments ==<br />
=== Offensive armament ===<br />
<!-- ''Describe the offensive armament of the aircraft, if any. Describe how effective the cannons and machine guns are in a battle, and also what belts or drums are better to use. If there is no offensive weaponry, delete this subsection.'' --><br />
{{main|AN/M2 (20 mm)}}<br />
<br />
The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is armed with:<br />
<br />
* 2 x 20 mm AN/M2 cannons, wing-mounted (200 rpg = 400 total)<br />
<br />
=== Suspended armament ===<br />
<!-- ''Describe the aircraft's suspended armament: additional cannons under the wings, bombs, rockets and torpedoes. This section is especially important for bombers and attackers. If there is no suspended weaponry remove this subsection.'' --><br />
{{main|AN-M57 (250 lb)|AN-M64A1 (500 lb)|AN-M65A1 (1,000 lb)|HVAR|M2 Browning (12.7 mm)}}<br />
{{main|Mk.13-1 Case (1,927 lb)|Mk.13-1 (1,927 lb)|Type A Mark I mine}}<br />
<br />
The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' can be outfitted with the following ordnance:<br />
<br />
* 2 x 250 lb AN-M57 bombs (500 lb total)<br />
* 1 x 1,927 lb Mk.13-1 torpedo<br />
* 1 x 1,927 lb Mk.13-1 Case torpedo<br />
* 2 x 500 lb AN-M64A1 bombs (1,000 lb total)<br />
* 4 x 500 lb AN-M64A1 bombs (2,000 lb total)<br />
* 1 x 1,000 lb AN-M65A1 bomb (1,000 lb total)<br />
* 1 x Type A Mark I mine<br />
* 1 x 1,000 lb AN-M65A1 bomb + 2 x 500 lb AN-M64A1 bombs (2,000 lb total)<br />
* 8 x HVAR rockets<br />
* 4 x 12.7 mm M2 Browning machine guns (340 rpg = 1,360 total)<br />
<br />
=== Defensive armament ===<br />
<!-- ''Defensive armament with turret machine guns or cannons, crewed by gunners. Examine the number of gunners and what belts or drums are better to use. If defensive weaponry is not available, remove this subsection.'' --><br />
{{main|Browning (7.62 mm)}}<br />
<br />
The '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is defended by:<br />
<br />
* 2 x 7.62 mm Browning machine guns, rear turret (2,000 rpg = 4,000 total)<br />
<br />
== Usage in battles ==<br />
<!-- ''Describe the tactics of playing in an aircraft, the features of using vehicles in a team and advice on tactics. Refrain from creating a "guide" - do not impose a single point of view, but instead, give the reader food for thought. Examine the most dangerous enemies and give recommendations on fighting them. If necessary, note the specifics of the game in different modes (AB, RB, SB).'' --><br />
<br />
;Arcade Battles<br />
<br />
The {{PAGENAME}} is very much like it's older sibling model in-game, which is a dive bomber/attacker capable of wreaking havoc to both soft and hard ground targets and enemy bases. Despite its capability to carry rockets and under-wing bombs and be used as an attacker, '''do not''' attempt to do so, unless you are sure a nearby enemy fighter does not immediately single you out as a target. This aircraft has fairly good manoeuvrability but does not fly nearly as well as any of the fighters you may encounter. However, this does not mean you cannot defend yourself in dire times. A distinct advantage of this aircraft is its firepower is more than enough to bring down any attacking enemy pilot with some skill, however, it's instability in coming out of rough turns can cause problems on getting guns on target difficult. Most pilots don't expect you to carry so much firepower with the extra machine guns so taking head-ons with some planes can work in your favour because most pilots do not expect you to have that much firepower. Moreover, due to it's firepower and ''airspawn'', being a bomber hunter is no problem either. It is important to remember to use this plane's main niche to your advantage as you will be vulnerable to enemy gunners. This plane's niche as fast bomber is further reinforced compared to the SB2C-1c as it carries double the bomb load (2,000 lb/ 907 kg) and if you survive long enough with your firepower to defend yourself you can be a considerable drain to the enemy's ticket counter. Overall, this aircraft is a solid performer in Arcade battles which is a delightful blend of defensive/offensive firepower, speed (not fighter-like though), manoeuvrability and bombing capability specifically for a dive bomber. A recommended aircraft to take out in ''tier 3'' battles and as a ''silver lions'' factory!<br />
<br />
;Realistic Battles<br />
<br />
In Realistic Battles, the {{PAGENAME}} excels at the ground attack role. Use the bombs and rockets against hard targets (such as heavy pillboxes and tanks), and the 20 mm cannons for taking out soft targets and light pillboxes. Even the universal ammo belt with 50/50 HEF and AP can take out light pillboxes when aiming for the roof, but belts with more AP will make it easier. However, its use doesn't end there. The SB2C is surprisingly manoeuvrable for a dive bomber, which combined with its high bomber spawn, effective armament, and dive brakes mean it can be used to dive on enemy fighters and bombers, and can even hold its own in a dogfight, especially if the enemy underestimates the plane's manoeuvrability. These characteristics are also good tactics for defending yourself, markedly since the tail gunner is lacklustre. Unfortunately, this does not apply well when at a low energy state (ex: ground attacking at a low level). The SB2C has poor climb rate and acceleration, and experienced pilots will boom and zoom you and leave you few options to defend yourself (trying to get guns on target after an overshoot, forcing a head-on, etc). Instead, try to stay above the battle and go for enemy aircraft, and once your team has a numerical advantage, go to ground level and ground attack, preferably under cover of fighters.<br />
<br />
;Fighting a {{PAGENAME}}<br />
<br />
If you come across a {{PAGENAME}}, attack from its unprotected bottom which is easy to hit due to planes low speed and pilots rarely looking below their planes. Avoid attacking it when it is in a dive.<br />
<br />
===Manual Engine Control===<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="7" | MEC elements<br />
|-<br />
! rowspan="2" | Mixer<br />
! rowspan="2" | Pitch<br />
! colspan="3" | Radiator<br />
! rowspan="2" | Supercharger<br />
! rowspan="2" | Turbocharger<br />
|-<br />
! Oil<br />
! Water<br />
! Type<br />
|-<br />
| Controllable || rowspan="2" | Not controllable || rowspan="2" | Not controllable || rowspan="2" | Not controllable || rowspan="2" | Separate || rowspan="2" | Not controllable || rowspan="2" | Not controllable<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
===Modules===<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
! colspan="1" | Tier<br />
! colspan="2" | Flight performance<br />
! colspan="1" | Survivability<br />
! colspan="3" | Weaponry<br />
|-<br />
| I<br />
| Fuselage Repair<br />
| Radiator<br />
|<br />
| ITC mk.3<br />
| DGP 1<br />
| Offensive 12 mm<br />
|-<br />
| II<br />
|<br />
| Compressor<br />
| Airframe<br />
| Improved Torpedo<br />
| Turret 7 mm<br />
| New 12 mm MGs<br />
|-<br />
| III<br />
| Wings Repair<br />
| Engine<br />
|<br />
|Mk 12 Mod 0<br />
| New 7 mm MGs (turret)<br />
| Offensive 20 mm<br />
|-<br />
| IV<br />
|<br />
| Engine Injection<br />
| Cover<br />
| MBC mk.I<br />
| FRC mk.2<br />
| New 20 mm Cannons<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
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=== Pros and cons ===<br />
<!-- ''Summarize and briefly evaluate the vehicle in terms of its characteristics and combat effectiveness. Mark its pros and cons in the bulleted list. Try not to use more than 6 points for each of the characteristics. Avoid using categorical definitions such as "bad", "good" and the like - use substitutions with softer forms such as "inadequate" and "effective".'' --><br />
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'''Pros:'''<br />
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* Very effective cannon armament<br />
* Very agile for a dive bomber<br />
* Good ground attack payload options<br />
* Has air brakes<br />
* Has a bomber spawn<br />
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'''Cons'''<br />
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* No belly gunner<br />
* Catches fire relatively easily<br />
* Poor climb rate<br />
* Fairly slow<br />
* Tail gun is ineffective at long range<br />
* Any asymmetrical wing damage makes it very difficult to turn<br />
* Extreme negatively static longitudinal stability for joystick at low speeds (e.g. the aircraft doesn't want to take off, but a slight bump makes the aircraft want to stall and harsh nose-down is required)<br />
* 20 mm shells can almost instantly down your plane<br />
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== History ==<br />
<!-- ''Describe the history of the creation and combat usage of the aircraft in more detail than in the introduction. If the historical reference turns out to be too big, take it to a separate article, taking a link to the article about the vehicle and adding a block "/ History" (example: <nowiki>https://wiki.warthunder.com/(Vehicle-name)/History</nowiki>) and add a link to it here using the <code>main</code> template. Be sure to reference text and sources by using <code><nowiki><ref></nowiki></code>, as well as adding them at the end of the article. This section may also include the vehicle's dev blog entry (if applicable) and the in-game encyclopedia description (under <code><nowiki>=== Encyclopedia Info ===</nowiki></code>, also if applicable).'' --><br />
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The SB2C-4 Helldiver was an improved model of the SB2C-3, which was in turn based on the [[SB2C-1c]].<br />
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The SB2C-3 had added the R-2600-20 engine, which was rated at 1,900 hp. This helped to solve the power to weight issues of the earlier models. The SB2C-4 added eight wing racks for carrying 5 in (127 mm) HVAR unguided rockets, with four on each wing. Additionally, mountings for one 500 lb bomb on each wing were added - a total of two 500 lb bombs; these could be carried when not carrying rockets. These armament options were in addition to the centerline bomb bay in the fuselage, which could carry up to 2,000 lbs of ordinance. 2,045 SB2C-4 aircraft were produced, making it the most produced variant of the SB2C Helldiver.<br />
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The SB2C Helldiver was used during the Battle of the Philippine Sea, where 45 were lost after running out of fuel while returning to the carriers. The SB2C took part in combat over the Marianas, Philippines, Taiwan, Iwo Jima, and Okinawa. In the Battle of Leyte Gulf, during the Philippines Campaign, SB2C Helldivers took part in the sinking of the IJN Musashi; they scored a number of bomb hits to the ship. At Okinawa, Helldivers participated in the sinking of the IJN Yamato during the Japanese Operation Ten-Go, scoring hits on the Yamato and her escorts. <br />
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In 1945, Helldivers were used in attacks on the Ryukyu Islands and the Japanese island of Honshū. In those strikes they were used to attack airfields, communication centers, and shipping. After the two atomic bombs were dropped, the Helldiver was used in patrols until the official Japanese surrender and the subsequent occupation of Japan.<br />
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After the war, the SB2C remained in active-duty service with the US Navy until 1947, and with the Naval Reserve until 1950.<br />
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== Media ==<br />
<!--Excellent additions to the article would be video guides, screenshots from the game, and photos.--><br />
{{Youtube-gallery|uJziizNMYj8|'''The Shooting Range #164''' - ''Pages of History'' section at 04:12 discusses the SB2C Helldiver.}}<br />
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== See also ==<br />
''Links to the articles on the War Thunder Wiki that you think will be useful for the reader, for example:''<br />
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* ''reference to the series of the aircraft;''<br />
* ''links to approximate analogues of other nations and research trees.''<br />
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== External links ==<br />
''Paste links to sources and external resources, such as:''<br />
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* ''topic on the official game forum;''<br />
* ''encyclopedia page on the aircraft;''<br />
* ''other literature.''<br />
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{{AirManufacturer Curtiss}}<br />
{{USA bombers}}</div>U100542309